Apathy - Knowledge

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when asked about their motivation for doing well in school, fifty percent of students cited outside sources such as "college acceptance" or "good grades". On the contrary, only fourteen percent cited "gaining an understanding of content knowledge or learning subject material" as their motivation to do well in school. As a result of these outside sources, and not a genuine desire for knowledge, students often do the minimum amount of work necessary to get by in their classes. This then leads to average grades and test grades but no real grasping of knowledge. Many students cited that "assignments/content was irrelevant or meaningless" and that this was the cause of their apathetic attitudes toward their schooling, leading to teacher and parent frustration. Other causes of apathy in students include situations within their home life, media influences, peer influences, school struggles and failures. Some of the signs of apathetic students include declining grades, skipping classes, routine illness, and behavioral changes both in school and at home. In order to combat this, teachers have to be aware that students have different motivation profiles; i.e. they are motivated by different factors or stimuli.

928:, bystander apathy occurs when, during an emergency, those standing by do nothing to help but instead stand by and watch. Sometimes this can be caused by one bystander observing other bystanders and imitating their behavior. If other people are not acting in a way that makes the situation seem like an emergency that needs attention, often other bystanders will act in the same way. The diffusion to responsibility can also be to blame for bystander apathy. The more people that are around in emergency situations, the more likely individuals are to think that someone else will help so they do not need to. This theory was popularized by social psychologists in response to the 1964 3624:

Johnson, Julene K.; Gorno-Tempini, Maria-Luisa; Rosen, Howard; Prioleau-Latham, Caroline E.; Lee, Albert; Kipps, Christopher M.; Lillo, Patricia; Piguet, Olivier; Rohrer, Jonathan D.; Rossor, Martin N.; Warren, Jason D.; Fox, Nick C.; Galasko, Douglas; Salmon, David P.; Black, Sandra E.; Mesulam, Marsel; Weintraub, Sandra; Dickerson, Brad C.; Diehl-Schmid, Janine; Pasquier, Florence; Deramecourt, Vincent; Lebert, Florence; Pijnenburg, Yolande; Chow, Tiffany W.; Manes, Facundo; Grafman, Jordan; Cappa, Stefano F.; Freedman, Morris; Grossman, Murray; Miller, Bruce L. (September 2011).

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member, and clinician. The scale is based around questionnaires that ask about topics including interest, motivation, socialization, and how the individual spends their time. The individual or informant answers on a scale of "not at all", "slightly", "somewhat" or "a lot". Each item on the evaluation is created with positive or negative syntax and deals with cognition, behavior, and emotion. Each item is then scored and, based on the score, the individual's level of apathy can be evaluated.

5477: 4665: 98: 4659: 93: 998:, quantifying Executive apathy (lack of motivation for planning, organising and attention), Emotional apathy (emotional indifference, neutrality, flatness or blunting) and Initiation apathy (lack of motivation for self-generation of thought/action). There is a self-rated version of the DAS and an informant/carer-rated version of the DAS. Further a clinical brief DAS has also been developed. It has been validated for use in 3886: 1129:, a dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake blocker, has received increasing interest for the treatment of apathy. Management of apathetic symptoms using methylphenidate has shown promise in randomized placebo controlled trials of Alzheimer's patients. A phase III multi-centered randomized placebo-controlled trial of methylphenidate for the treatment of apathy has reported positive effects. 1188:

outlook about one's life. Finally, the difficulty enjoying activities that individuals with anxiety often face can lead to them doing these activities much less often and can give them a sense of apathy about their lives. Even behavioral apathy may be found in individuals with anxiety in the form of them not wanting to make efforts to treat their anxiety.

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people, in which they get a sense that "nothing matters", the "lack of will to go on and the inability to care about the consequences". He describes depressed people who "...cannot seem to make do anything", who "can't complete anything", and who do not "feel any excitement about seeing loved ones".

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patients suffer from apathy, with prevalence rates varying from 16 to 62%, depending on the study. Apathy is increasingly recognized to be an important non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease. It has a significant negative impact on quality of life. In some patients, apathy can be improved by

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Developed by Robert Marin in 1991, the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) was the first method developed to measure apathy in clinical populations. Centered around evaluation, the scale can either be self-informed or other-informed. The three versions of the test include self, informant such as a family

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article from 1991, Robert Marin, MD, claimed that pathological apathy occurs due to brain damage or neuropsychiatric illnesses such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's disease, or stroke. Marin argues that apathy is a syndrome associated with many different brain disorders. This has now been

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Apathy in students, especially those in high school, is a growing problem. It causes teachers to lower standards in order to try to engage their students. Apathy in schools is most easily recognized by students being unmotivated or, quite commonly, being motivated by outside factors. For example,

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Mintzer, Jacobo; Lanctôt, Krista L.; Scherer, Roberta W.; Rosenberg, Paul B.; Herrmann, Nathan; van Dyck, Christopher H.; Padala, Prasad R.; Brawman-Mintzer, Olga; Porsteinsson, Anton P.; Lerner, Alan J.; Craft, Suzanne; Levey, Allan I.; Burke, William; Perin, Jamie; Shade, David (November 2021).

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stated that "the tyranny of a prince in an oligarchy is not so dangerous to the public welfare as the apathy of a citizen in the democracy." As can be seen by these quotes and various others, the social implications of apathy are great. Many people believe that not caring at all can be worse for

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levels associated with anxiety often lead to less passion and interest in the activities in one's life, which can be seen as apathy. Third, negative thinking and distractions associated with anxiety can ultimately lead to a decrease in one's overall happiness which can then lead to an apathetic

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are the two psychologists who did research on this theory. They performed different experiments that placed people into situations where they had the opportunity to intervene or do nothing. The individuals in the experiment were either by themselves, with a stranger(s), with a friend, or with a

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Apathy can be associated with depression, a manifestation of negative disorders in schizophrenia, or a symptom of various somatic and neurological disorders. Sometimes apathy and depression are viewed as the same thing, but actually take different forms depending on someone's mental condition.

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Rascovsky, Katya; Hodges, John R.; Knopman, David; Mendez, Mario F.; Kramer, Joel H.; Neuhaus, John; van Swieten, John C.; Seelaar, Harro; Dopper, Elise G. P.; Onyike, Chiadi U.; Hillis, Argye E.; Josephs, Keith A.; Boeve, Bradley F.; Kertesz, Andrew; Seeley, William W.; Rankin, Katherine P.;

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Thobois, Stéphane; Lhommée, Eugénie; Klinger, Hélène; Ardouin, Claire; Schmitt, Emmanuelle; Bichon, Amélie; Kistner, Andrea; Castrioto, Anna; Xie, Jing; Fraix, Valerie; Pelissier, Pierre; Chabardes, Stephan; Mertens, Patrick; Quesada, Jean-Louis; Bosson, Jean-Luc (May 2013).

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Devos, David; Moreau, Caroline; Maltête, David; Lefaucheur, Romain; Kreisler, Alexandre; Eusebio, Alexandre; Defer, Gilles; Ouk, Thavarak; Azulay, Jean-Philippe; Krystkowiak, Pierre; Witjas, Tatiana; Delliaux, Marie; Destée, Alain; Duhamel, Alain; Bordet, Régis (June 2014).

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may appear to be separate, and different, states of being, there are many ways that severe anxiety can cause apathy. First, the emotional fatigue that so often accompanies severe anxiety leads to one's emotions being worn out, thus leading to apathy. Second, the low

1081:(2005) claimed that an obvious relationship between depression and apathy exists in some populations. However, although many patients with depression also have apathy, several studies have shown that apathy can occur independently of depression, and vice versa. 2425:

Klar, Verena S.; Ang, Yuen-Siang; Lockwood, Patricia; Attaallah, Bahaaeddin; Dickson, Shannon; Drew, Daniel; Kienast, Annika; Maio, Maria R.; Plant, Olivia; Slavkova, Elitsa; Toniolo, Sofia; Zambellas, Rhea; Irani, Sarosh R.; Husain, Masud (March 2022).

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to signify a (desirable) state of indifference toward events and things that lie outside one's control (that is, according to their philosophy, all things exterior, one being only responsible for one's own representations and judgments). In contrast to

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confederate. The experiments ultimately led them to the conclusion that there are many social and situational factors that are behind whether a person will react in an emergency situation or simply remain apathetic to what is occurring.

2098:""The tyranny of a prince in an oligarchy is not so dangerous to the public welfare as the apathy of a citizen in a democracy."--Montesquieu, Spirit of the laws, 1748. From the series Great Ideas. | Smithsonian American Art Museum" 868:(PTSD). Soldiers who lived in the trenches amidst the bombing and machine gun fire, and who saw the battlefields strewn with dead and maimed comrades, developed a sense of disconnected numbness and indifference to normal 3073:

Herrmann N, Rothenburg LS, Black SE, Ryan M, Liu BA, Busto UE, Lanctôt KL (June 2008). "Methylphenidate for the treatment of apathy in Alzheimer disease: prediction of response using dextroamphetamine challenge".

661:. An apathetic individual has an absence of interest in or concern about emotional, social, spiritual, philosophical, virtual, or physical life and the world. Apathy can also be defined as a person's lack of 2085:

But if we listen to the best men and women everywhere ... they will say that science may have found a cure for most evils; but it has found no remedy for the worst of them all—the apathy of human beings.

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Raimo S, Trojano L, Gaita M, Spitaleri D, Santangelo G (February 2020). "Assessing apathy in multiple sclerosis: Validation of the dimensional apathy scale and comparison with apathy evaluation scale".

734:. Although many patients with pathological apathy also have depression, several studies have shown that the two syndromes are dissociable: apathy can occur independent of depression and vice versa. 1125:

have all been assessed but, overall, the findings have been inconsistent, and it is estimated that apathy in ~60% of Alzheimer's patients does not respond to treatment with these drugs.

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murder. The murder took place in New York and the victim, Genovese, was stabbed to death as bystanders reportedly stood by and did nothing to stop the situation or even call the police.

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The Dimensional Apathy Scale (DAS) is a multidimensional apathy instrument for measuring subtypes of apathy in different clinical populations and healthy adults. It was developed using

1113:, used as the first line of treatment for the cognitive symptoms associated with dementia, have also shown some modest benefit for behavior disturbances such as apathy. The effects of 718:

Pathological apathy, characterized by extreme forms of apathy, is now known to occur in many different brain disorders, including neurodegenerative conditions often associated with

1166:, occurring in the majority of people with this condition. Both hypersensitivity to effort as well as blunting of sensitivity to reward may be components of behavioural apathy in 894:

Apathy has been socially viewed as worse than things such as hate or anger. Not caring whatsoever, in the eyes of some, is even worse than having distaste for something. Author

1097:(mean prevalence of 49% across different studies). It is a neuropsychiatric symptom associated with functional impairment. Brain imaging studies have demonstrated changes in the 879:

wrote: "Apathy is one of the characteristic responses of any living organism when it is subjected to stimuli too intense or too complicated to cope with. The cure for apathy is

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Andersson S, Krogstad JM, Finset A (March 1999). "Apathy and depressed mood in acquired brain damage: relationship to lesion localization and psychophysiological reactivity".

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Muhammed, Kinan; Manohar, Sanjay; Ben Yehuda, Michael; Chong, Trevor T.-J.; Tofaris, George; Lennox, Graham; Bogdanovic, Marko; Hu, Michele; Husain, Masud (October 2016).

704:). Apathy is usually felt only in the short term, but sometimes it becomes a long-term or even lifelong state, often leading to deeper social and psychological issues. 57: 1204:. It is also known to be a distinct psychiatric syndrome that is associated with many conditions, more prominently recognized in the elderly, some of which are: 949:

Several different questionnaires and clinical interview instruments have been used to measure pathological apathy or, more recently, apathy in healthy people.

3456:"Rivastigmine in apathetic but dementia and depression-free patients with Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial" 1065: 1056: 1920: 1701:

Bortolon C, Macgregor A, Capdevielle D, Raffard S (September 2018). "Apathy in schizophrenia: A review of neuropsychological and neuroanatomical studies".

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Le Heron, Campbell; Plant, Olivia; Manohar, Sanjay; Ang, Yuen-Siang; Jackson, Matthew; Lennox, Graham; Hu, Michele T.; Husain, Masud (May 2018).

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den Brok, Melina G. H. E.; van Dalen, Jan Willem; van Gool, Willem A.; Moll van Charante, Eric P.; de Bie, Rob M. A.; Richard, Edo (May 2015).

1473:"Intelligence, emotional intelligence, and emo-sensory intelligence: Which one is a better predictor of university students' academic success?" 902:

stated that apathy is the "worst of them all" when it comes to the various evils in the world. French social commentator and political thinker

781:("emotion")), it is important not to confuse the two terms. Also meaning "absence of passion," "apathy" or "insensibility" in Greek, the term 986:

have also been assessed using the AMI, and their self-reports of apathy were compared with those of caregivers using the AMI caregiver scale.

52: 696:, apathy is described as a result of the individuals' feeling they do not possess the level of skill required to confront a challenge (i.e. " 645:, is a lack of feeling, emotion, interest, or concern about something. It is a state of indifference, or the suppression of emotions such as 3055: 1471:

Pishghadam, Reza; Faribi, Maryam; Kolahi Ahari, Mahtab; Shadloo, Farzaneh; Gholami, Mohammad Javad; Shayesteh, Shaghayegh (29 August 2022).

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identified three distinct axes of apathy: behavioural, social and emotional. The AMI has since been used to examine apathy in patients with

5519: 1540: 2285: 625: 1766: 3953: 700:"). It may also be a result of perceiving no challenge at all (e.g., the challenge is irrelevant to them, or conversely, they have 2970:

Levy ML, Cummings JL, Fairbanks LA, Masterman D, Miller BL, Craig AH, et al. (1 August 1998). "Apathy is not depression".

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is quoted as saying "I have a very strong feeling that the opposite of love is not hate-it's apathy. It's not giving a damn."

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Johnson, Emma; Kumfor, Fiona (August 2018). "Overcoming apathy in frontotemporal dementia: challenges and future directions".

2251: 1426: 2078: 1839: 1815: 1803: 1355: 5249: 4990: 4894: 5433: 2023: 666: 5369: 5104: 2048: 4906: 2874:"Apathy Matters - Apathy and Depression: Psychiatry may not care about apathy, but that doesn't mean you shouldn't" 2778:"The use of the French Dimensional Apathy Scale (f-DAS) to assess apathy in schizophrenia: Properties and profiles" 139: 3119:"Safety and efficacy of methylphenidate for apathy in Alzheimer's disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial" 684:. People with severe apathy tend to have a lower quality of life and are at a higher risk for mortality and early 5514: 4978: 3923: 2873: 1924: 55: 4864: 3340:"Impact of apathy on health-related quality of life in recently diagnosed Parkinson's disease: the ANIMO study" 3218:"Effect of Methylphenidate on Apathy in Patients With Alzheimer Disease: The ADMET 2 Randomized Clinical Trial" 2201: 1298: 1253: 1106: 865: 50: 5297: 5194: 4839: 2511: 1265: 1221: 1201: 966:

The Apathy Motivation Index (AMI) was developed to measure different dimensions of apathy in healthy people.

618: 56: 5171: 3946: 3168:"Effect of methylphenidate on attention in apathetic AD patients in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial" 2484: 1154:

on apathy. Diminished sensitivity to reward may be a key component of the syndrome in Parkinson's disease.

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Often, apathy is felt after witnessing horrific acts, such as the killing or maiming of people during a

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who, overall, showed evidence of behavioural and social apathy, but not emotional apathy. Patients with

5416: 5124: 3786: 5499: 5449: 5391: 5204: 5099: 4901: 3511:"Reward sensitivity deficits modulated by dopamine are associated with apathy in Parkinson's disease" 1209: 1110: 1098: 1040: 134: 17: 53: 5459: 5242: 5057: 5022: 4063: 3626:"Sensitivity of revised diagnostic criteria for the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia" 2428:"Assessment of apathy in neurological patients using the Apathy Motivation Index caregiver version" 1147: 611: 5426: 5343: 5199: 5114: 4958: 4681: 4173: 3939: 3166:

Lanctôt KL, Chau SA, Herrmann N, Drye LT, Rosenberg PB, Scherer RW, et al. (February 2014).

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Rosenberg PB, Lanctôt KL, Drye LT, Herrmann N, Scherer RW, Bachman DL, Mintzer JE (August 2013).

1343: 1308: 1245: 1229: 1167: 1163: 1003: 144: 61: 31: 3568:"Distinct effects of apathy and dopamine on effort-based decision-making in Parkinson's disease" 2776:

Barek LM, Mercy G, Gautier C, Noquet M, Legros-Lafarge E, Fiegl L, et al. (November 2021).

5042: 4985: 4849: 4779: 4631: 4370: 3966: 3275:"Apathy in Parkinson's disease: clinical features, neural substrates, diagnosis, and treatment" 2642: 1323: 1213: 1138: 1094: 1019: 979: 975: 971: 903: 727: 723: 708: 685: 586: 123: 113: 2685:"Multidimensional Apathy: The Utility of the Dimensional Apathy Scale in Huntington's Disease" 2292: 1446: 1162:

Pathological apathy is considered to be one of the diagnostic features of behavioural variant

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do not explicitly deal with the condition of apathy, it is a psychological problem for some

5411: 5386: 5141: 5084: 5074: 5062: 4973: 4968: 4953: 4938: 4854: 4804: 4799: 4744: 4604: 4355: 3834:"A Review of Potential Adverse Effects of Long-Term Opioid Therapy: A Practitioner's Guide" 3022: 2330: 2069: 1967:"'Dottyville'--Craiglockhart War Hospital and shell-shock treatment in the First World War" 1834:. A Study of Determinism and Early Christian Philosophy of Ethics. Brill. pp. 71–111. 1795: 1789: 1714: 1102: 1093:

Depending upon how it has been measured, apathy affects 19–88% percent of individuals with

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Apathy in High School Students: An Examination Into Causes and A Suggested Plan for Change

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Pagonabarraga, Javier; Kulisevsky, Jaime; Strafella, Antonio P.; Krack, Paul (May 2015).

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Ang YS, Lockwood PL, Kienast A, Plant O, Drew D, Slavkova E, et al. (October 2018).

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Benito-León, Julián; Cubo, Esther; Coronell, Carlos; ANIMO Study Group (February 2012).

2378:"Differential impact of behavioral, social, and emotional apathy on Parkinson's disease" 2334: 5287: 5047: 5027: 5012: 5002: 4943: 4923: 4884: 4879: 4844: 4829: 4789: 4749: 4621: 4360: 4350: 3998: 3858: 3833: 3652: 3625: 3600: 3567: 3543: 3510: 3491: 3385: 3320: 3250: 3217: 3192: 3167: 3143: 3118: 3099: 3031: 3006: 2952: 2849: 2758: 2709: 2684: 2665: 2623: 2591:

Radakovic R, Stephenson L, Colville S, Swingler R, Chandran S, Abrahams S (June 2016).

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Radakovic R, Stephenson L, Colville S, Swingler R, Chandran S, Abrahams S (June 2016).

2523: 2460: 2427: 2402: 2377: 2353: 2318: 2229: 2152: 1991: 1966: 1902: 1845: 1726: 1683: 1620: 1595: 1571: 1507: 1472: 1400: 1375: 1303: 1233: 1011: 869: 838: 576: 421: 118: 3290: 1890: 1849: 1829: 5504: 5032: 4859: 4834: 4811: 4784: 4599: 4589: 4446: 4436: 4303: 4230: 4163: 4133: 3863: 3814: 3806: 3767: 3725: 3657: 3605: 3587: 3548: 3530: 3483: 3475: 3435: 3427: 3377: 3369: 3312: 3304: 3255: 3237: 3197: 3148: 3091: 3036: 2987: 2944: 2909: 2853: 2841: 2819:"Validation of the self-rated Dimensional Apathy Scale in community stroke survivors" 2799: 2762: 2750: 2714: 2627: 2615: 2565: 2515: 2465: 2447: 2407: 2358: 2263: 2233: 2221: 2156: 2144: 2074: 2044: 2019: 1996: 1894: 1835: 1811: 1799: 1718: 1675: 1667: 1625: 1563: 1512: 1494: 1405: 1351: 1249: 842: 697: 658: 561: 476: 466: 406: 311: 276: 128: 76: 65: 3389: 3324: 3103: 2956: 2669: 2577: 2527: 1906: 1730: 1687: 1575: 5189: 4995: 4963: 4636: 4594: 4510: 4505: 3895: 3853: 3845: 3798: 3715: 3684: 3647: 3637: 3595: 3579: 3538: 3522: 3495: 3467: 3417: 3359: 3351: 3294: 3286: 3245: 3229: 3187: 3179: 3138: 3130: 3083: 3026: 3018: 2979: 2936: 2901: 2833: 2789: 2742: 2704: 2696: 2657: 2607: 2557: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2455: 2439: 2397: 2389: 2348: 2338: 2213: 2136: 2127:

Bishop JH (January 1989). "Perspective: Why the Apathy in American High Schools?".

1986: 1978: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1864: 1744: 1710: 1659: 1615: 1607: 1555: 1502: 1484: 1423: 1395: 1387: 1318: 1269: 1205: 925: 662: 591: 566: 511: 506: 2611: 5302: 5151: 5119: 5017: 4824: 4816: 4754: 4641: 4260: 3688: 3233: 3087: 2661: 2343: 1611: 1430: 1273: 1241: 1126: 1026:, showing to differentiate profiles of apathy subtypes between these conditions. 995: 967: 876: 681: 674: 386: 3802: 2746: 1070:

shown to be the case across a range of neurological and psychiatric conditions.

5176: 5109: 4928: 4609: 4569: 4495: 4143: 2202:"Differences in students' school motivation: A latent class modelling approach" 1982: 1237: 1217: 937: 929: 712: 496: 291: 3183: 2940: 2837: 2794: 2777: 2217: 2140: 1559: 1489: 1391: 933: 5493: 5348: 5184: 4869: 4553: 4419: 4271: 4240: 4168: 4073: 3890: 3810: 3591: 3534: 3479: 3471: 3431: 3373: 3308: 3241: 2561: 2451: 2225: 2148: 1898: 1671: 1498: 1261: 1023: 895: 880: 747: 731: 536: 366: 321: 286: 236: 3720: 3703: 3455: 3339: 3274: 3007:"The anatomy of apathy: A neurocognitive framework for amotivated behaviour" 2634: 2593:"Multidimensional apathy in ALS: validation of the Dimensional Apathy Scale" 2543:"Multidimensional apathy in ALS: validation of the Dimensional Apathy Scale" 1647: 5156: 5069: 4913: 4365: 4293: 4180: 4043: 3867: 3818: 3744: 3729: 3661: 3642: 3609: 3583: 3552: 3526: 3487: 3439: 3422: 3405: 3381: 3316: 3259: 3201: 3152: 3095: 3040: 2948: 2913: 2845: 2803: 2754: 2718: 2619: 2569: 2519: 2469: 2411: 2362: 2064: 2000: 1722: 1679: 1629: 1567: 1516: 1409: 1257: 1151: 1143: 1122: 1046: 899: 833:

have historically condemned apathy as a deficiency of love and devotion to

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van Reekum R, Stuss DT, Ostrander L (February 2005). "Apathy: why care?".

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model. (Click on a fragment of the image to go to the appropriate article)

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Mental health journalist and author John McManamy argues that although

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Mental state in terms of challenge level and skill level, according to

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Maier, H.O. (1994). "Clement of Alexandria and the Care of the Self".

1663: 1648:"Apathy in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis" 4711: 4686: 4673: 4616: 4562: 4456: 4431: 4400: 4308: 4265: 4245: 4195: 4190: 4128: 4123: 4098: 4038: 4018: 4003: 3993: 3272: 3056:"Apathy and Its Treatment in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias" 2485:"Developing a new apathy measurement scale: Dimensional Apathy Scale" 2393: 2319:"Distinct Subtypes of Apathy Revealed by the Apathy Motivation Index" 1184: 1114: 571: 541: 461: 441: 411: 391: 371: 271: 251: 206: 186: 181: 38: 2041:

Love: A Warm and Wonderful Book About the Largest Experience in Life

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and his works. This interpretation of apathy is also referred to as

5272: 4706: 4701: 4691: 4626: 4463: 4385: 4375: 4340: 4327: 4210: 4153: 4103: 4083: 3889: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the 2590: 2540: 1700: 1470: 1225: 1015: 757: 719: 486: 436: 426: 346: 301: 256: 3931: 2643:"Multidimensional apathy: evidence from neurodegenerative disease" 1541:"Neuroscience of apathy and anhedonia: a transdiagnostic approach" 1280:, and others. Some medications and the heavy use of drugs such as 5454: 5277: 5136: 4716: 4664: 4658: 4584: 4544: 4530: 4525: 4515: 4426: 4286: 4185: 4148: 4118: 4113: 4078: 4058: 4048: 4033: 3975: 3962: 3785:

Ishii, Shinya; Weintraub, Nancy; Mervis, James R. (1 July 2009).

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medication. There is also some evidence for a positive effect of

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Interactions between the emotional and executive brain systems

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There may be other factors contributing to a person's apathy.

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The vocabulary of philosophy, mental, moral, and metaphysical

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Finding Flow: The Psychology of Engagement with Everyday Life

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Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences

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A review article by Robert van Reekum, MD, et al. from the

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Ang YS, Lockwood P, Apps MA, Muhammed K, Husain M (2017).

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Linjamaa P (2019). "Emotions, Demons, and Moral Ability".

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and ventral striatum in Alzheimer's patients with apathy.

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society than individuals who are overpowering or hateful.

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The modern concept of apathy became more well known after

4380: 4068: 3704:"Mechanisms underlying apathy in frontotemporal dementia" 2972:

The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences

2894:

The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences

1197: 834: 431: 231: 2891: 2683:

Atkins KJ, Andrews SC, Chong TT, Stout JC (April 2021).

2424: 2200:

Korpershoek H, Kuyper H, van der Werf G (1 March 2015).

1433:. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 20(4), 377-388. 3565: 3165: 2926: 2775: 2682: 2375: 2316: 3928:– McMan's Depression and Bipolar Web, by John McManamy 3787:"Apathy: A Common Psychiatric Syndrome in the Elderly" 3791:

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

1066:

Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences

1057:

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

680:

The apathetic may lack a sense of purpose, worth, or

27:

State of indifference, or the suppression of emotions

3784: 2534: 3831: 2584: 1350:(1st ed.). New York: Basic Books. p. 31. 3460:Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 3004: 2816: 2600:Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2550:Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 2310: 1641: 1639: 1534: 1532: 1530: 1528: 1526: 2640: 2512:20.500.11820/2c1a046b-3836-4890-8e38-f85436c76474 2482: 5491: 4542: 3005:Le Heron C, Apps MA, Husain M (September 2018). 1831:The Ethics of The Tripartite Tractate (NHC I, 5) 1376:"Apathy: Neurobiology, Assessment and Treatment" 1342: 677:being more extreme than both apathy and abulia. 3832:Baldini A, Von Korff M, Lin EH (14 June 2012). 1636: 1589: 1587: 1585: 1523: 746:was first used in 1594 and is derived from the 665:. Apathy falls in the less extreme spectrum of 49: 4417: 3904:(1st ed.). James and John Knapton, et al. 2382:Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology 2245: 2243: 849:used the term to draw to gnostic Christianity 5243: 3947: 3674: 1373: 619: 4721: 4560: 4551: 4318: 3838:The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders 2291:. Dementia-assessment.com.au. Archived from 2249: 1582: 1538: 1380:Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience 1369: 1367: 5220:indicate emotion names in foreign languages 4284: 2867: 2865: 2863: 2817:Myhre P, Radakovic R, Ford C (March 2022). 2240: 1948:Journal of the American Academy of Religion 1593: 1422:Marin, R. S., & Wilkosz, P. A. (2005). 1336: 989: 860:, when it was one of the various forms of " 5250: 5236: 3954: 3940: 2172:"Finding the Root Cause of Student Apathy" 2169: 1869:Ergo, an Open Access Journal of Philosophy 1157: 961: 952: 825: 626: 612: 3857: 3719: 3651: 3641: 3599: 3542: 3421: 3363: 3298: 3249: 3191: 3142: 3030: 2793: 2708: 2483:Radakovic R, Abrahams S (November 2014). 2459: 2401: 2352: 2342: 2038: 1990: 1880: 1619: 1506: 1488: 1399: 1364: 688:. They may also exhibit insensibility or 3894: 2860: 2735:Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 1971:Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 1923:. V3.blueletterbible.org. Archived from 1827: 45: 3765: 3742: 2174:. Pan.intrasun.tcnj.edu. Archived from 1787: 910: 14: 5492: 3701: 3677:Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 3076:Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 3053: 3023:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.07.003 2650:Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 2286:"Apathy Evaluation Scale (Self rated)" 2126: 2073:. West Chester, Pa.: Chrysalis Books. 2063: 2013: 1715:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.09.033 1600:Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 1132: 1088: 982:, subjective cognitive impairment and 5231: 3935: 2122: 2120: 2118: 1945: 1862: 715:but not necessarily reduced emotion. 2871: 2826:Journal of the Neurological Sciences 2689:Movement Disorders Clinical Practice 1964: 1441: 1439: 730:, and psychiatric disorders such as 707:Apathy should be distinguished from 3961: 3745:"Apathy: Anxiety's Unusual Symptom" 1539:Husain M, Roiser JP (August 2018). 1284:may bring apathy as a side effect. 24: 5520:Disorders of diminished motivation 5434:Narcissistic Personality Inventory 3702:Husain, Masud (13 February 2023). 3123:The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2115: 1921:"Greek Lexicon :: G543 (KJV)" 1424:Disorders of diminished motivation 1416: 1029: 25: 5531: 5370:Narcissistic personality disorder 3909: 1594:Nobis L, Husain M (August 2018). 1436: 1374:Fahed M, Steffens DC (May 2021). 5476: 5475: 4663: 4657: 3884: 2641:Radakovic R, Abrahams S (2018). 1865:"Dispassion as an Ethical Ideal" 886: 872:when they returned from combat. 96: 91: 3825: 3778: 3759: 3736: 3695: 3668: 3616: 3559: 3502: 3446: 3396: 3331: 3266: 3208: 3159: 3110: 3066: 3047: 2963: 2920: 2885: 2810: 2769: 2725: 2676: 2418: 2369: 2278: 2193: 2163: 2090: 2057: 2032: 2007: 1958: 1939: 1913: 1856: 1821: 1781: 1759: 1737: 1596:"Apathy in Alzheimer's disease" 818:, so as not to confuse it with 5257: 3172:International Psychogeriatrics 2782:Journal of Affective Disorders 2504:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.06.010 2206:Social Psychology of Education 1882:10.3998/ergo.12405314.0005.024 1694: 1464: 1299:Callous and unemotional traits 1254:progressive supranuclear palsy 1107:dorsolateral prefrontal cortex 944: 866:post-traumatic stress disorder 13: 1: 3878: 3743:Abraham M (10 October 2020). 3572:Brain: A Journal of Neurology 3515:Brain: A Journal of Neurology 3410:Brain: A Journal of Neurology 3291:10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00019-8 3054:Malloy PF (2 November 2005). 2612:10.1080/13854046.2019.1621382 1266:schizoid personality disorder 1202:posttraumatic stress disorder 1034: 5266:Similar personality concepts 5172:Social emotional development 3689:10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.01.022 3234:10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.3356 3088:10.1097/JCP.0b013e318172b479 2662:10.1016/j.cobeha.2017.12.022 2344:10.1371/journal.pone.0169938 2250:Latané B, Darley JM (1969). 1612:10.1016/j.cobeha.2017.12.007 1548:Nature Reviews. Neuroscience 919: 737: 7: 5443:Related psychology concepts 4418: 3920:– Essay By David O. Solmitz 3803:10.1016/j.jamda.2009.03.007 2747:10.1016/j.msard.2019.101870 1287: 10: 5536: 3766:Sederer L (26 July 2012). 2432:Journal of Neuropsychology 1983:10.1177/014107680609900716 1891:2027/spo.12405314.0005.024 1173: 1079:Journal of Neuropsychiatry 1038: 853:who aspired after virtue. 763: 751: 711:, which refers to reduced 36: 29: 5473: 5442: 5392:Manipulation (psychology) 5362: 5321: 5265: 5215: 4734: 4672: 4655: 3974: 3184:10.1017/S1041610213001762 2941:10.1017/s0033291798008046 2838:10.1016/j.jns.2021.120103 2795:10.1016/j.jad.2021.06.081 2218:10.1007/s11218-014-9274-6 2141:10.3102/0013189X018001006 1560:10.1038/s41583-018-0029-9 1490:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.995988 1392:10.9758/cpn.2021.19.2.181 1222:Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease 1148:cholinesterase inhibitors 1111:Cholinesterase inhibitors 1099:anterior cingulate cortex 1060:does not discuss apathy. 1054:He acknowledges that the 1041:Major depressive disorder 771:, "without feeling" from 5105:in virtual communication 3898:, ed. (1728). "Apathy". 3472:10.1136/jnnp-2013-306439 2562:10.1136/jnnp-2015-310772 1810:and in hardcover (2007; 1329: 1191: 990:Dimensional Apathy Scale 841:and is listed among the 37:Not to be confused with 5363:Pathological narcissism 2039:Buscaglia, Leo (1972). 1477:Frontiers in Psychology 1309:Detachment (philosophy) 1168:frontotemporal dementia 1164:frontotemporal dementia 1158:Frontotemporal dementia 962:Apathy Motivation Index 953:Apathy Evaluation Scale 864:", now better known as 826:History and other views 32:Apathy (disambiguation) 5515:Psychological attitude 4722: 4561: 4552: 4543: 4319: 4285: 2929:Psychological Medicine 2170:Sanders J, Ticktin R. 2129:Educational Researcher 2067:(1994) . "Chapter 6". 2016:The Prospect Before Us 1850:10.1163/j.ctv1sr6hq6.7 1324:Reduced affect display 904:Charles de Montesquieu 709:reduced affect display 641:, also referred to as 124:Emotional intelligence 69: 5329:Collective narcissism 5308:Narcissus (mythology) 3768:"The Enemy Is Apathy" 3721:10.1093/brain/awac494 3279:The Lancet. Neurology 2252:"Bystanders "apathy"" 2014:Passos, John (1950). 1965:Webb TE (July 2006). 1747:. Merriam-webster.com 1075:University of Toronto 1008:motor neurone disease 875:In 1950, US novelist 775:("without, not") and 682:meaning in their life 667:diminished motivation 59: 5387:Malignant narcissism 5142:Group affective tone 3850:10.4088/PCC.11m01326 3643:10.1093/brain/awr179 3584:10.1093/brain/awy110 3527:10.1093/brain/aww188 3521:(Pt 10): 2706–2721. 3423:10.1093/brain/awt067 3135:10.4088/JCP.12m08099 2984:10.1176/jnp.10.3.314 2070:Light in My Darkness 2018:. Houghton Mifflin. 1796:Kessinger Publishing 1246:Huntington's disease 1230:Korsakoff's syndrome 1103:orbitofrontal cortex 1004:Huntington's disease 911:In the school system 847:Clemens Alexandrinus 804:Orthodox monasticism 713:emotional expression 702:learned helplessness 686:institutionalization 327:Emotional Detachment 30:For other uses, see 5313:Superiority complex 5195:constructed emotion 4865:functional accounts 3917:The Roots of Apathy 3416:(Pt 5): 1568–1577. 2492:Psychiatry Research 2335:2017PLoSO..1269938A 2274:on 4 November 2013. 1788:Fleming W (2006) . 1769:. Perseus.tufts.edu 1244:, general fatigue, 1234:excessive vitamin D 1214:Alzheimer's disease 1139:Parkinson's disease 1133:Parkinson's disease 1095:Alzheimer's disease 1089:Alzheimer's disease 1020:Parkinson's disease 984:limbic encephalitis 980:Parkinson's disease 976:Alzheimer's disease 972:Parkinson's disease 728:Parkinson's disease 724:Alzheimer's disease 694:positive psychology 5288:Healthy narcissism 5095:in decision-making 4336:(sense of purpose) 3344:Movement Disorders 2906:10.1176/jnp.17.1.7 2880:on 20 August 2014. 2701:10.1002/mdc3.13147 2298:on 26 January 2014 2256:American Scientist 2102:americanart.si.edu 1652:Movement Disorders 1429:2012-11-22 at the 1344:Csikszentmihalyi M 1304:Compassion fatigue 1012:Multiple Sclerosis 924:Also known as the 870:social interaction 742:Although the word 673:in the middle and 70: 5487: 5486: 5225: 5224: 4812:Appeal to emotion 4590:Social connection 3896:Chambers, Ephraim 3772:Psychiatric Times 3356:10.1002/mds.23872 3228:(11): 1324–1332. 3060:Psychiatric Times 2444:10.1111/jnp.12262 2388:(10): 1286–1291. 2080:978-0-87785-146-2 2043:. Fawcett Books. 1927:on 2 October 2017 1841:978-90-04-40775-6 1816:978-0-548-12371-3 1805:978-1-4286-3324-7 1664:10.1002/mds.26208 1357:978-0-465-02411-7 1178:While apathy and 1137:Overall, ~40% of 843:Seven Deadly Sins 636: 635: 562:Social connection 16:(Redirected from 5527: 5500:Problem behavior 5479: 5478: 5339:In the workplace 5298:Machiavellianism 5252: 5245: 5238: 5229: 5228: 5200:discrete emotion 5100:in the workplace 4996:Empathy quotient 4727: 4667: 4661: 4566: 4557: 4548: 4423: 4324: 4290: 3956: 3949: 3942: 3933: 3932: 3905: 3888: 3887: 3872: 3871: 3861: 3829: 3823: 3822: 3782: 3776: 3775: 3763: 3757: 3756: 3754: 3752: 3740: 3734: 3733: 3723: 3699: 3693: 3692: 3672: 3666: 3665: 3655: 3645: 3636:(9): 2456–2477. 3620: 3614: 3613: 3603: 3578:(5): 1455–1469. 3563: 3557: 3556: 3546: 3506: 3500: 3499: 3450: 3444: 3443: 3425: 3400: 3394: 3393: 3367: 3335: 3329: 3328: 3302: 3270: 3264: 3263: 3253: 3212: 3206: 3205: 3195: 3163: 3157: 3156: 3146: 3114: 3108: 3107: 3070: 3064: 3063: 3051: 3045: 3044: 3034: 3011:Neuropsychologia 3002: 2996: 2995: 2967: 2961: 2960: 2924: 2918: 2917: 2889: 2883: 2881: 2876:. 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5303:Messiah complex 5261: 5256: 5226: 5221: 5211: 5152:Jealousy in art 4895:in conversation 4817:Amygdala hijack 4730: 4668: 4662: 4653: 4642:sense of wonder 3970: 3960: 3912: 3885: 3881: 3876: 3875: 3830: 3826: 3783: 3779: 3764: 3760: 3750: 3748: 3741: 3737: 3700: 3696: 3673: 3669: 3621: 3617: 3564: 3560: 3507: 3503: 3451: 3447: 3401: 3397: 3336: 3332: 3271: 3267: 3213: 3209: 3164: 3160: 3115: 3111: 3071: 3067: 3052: 3048: 3017:(Pt B): 54–67. 3003: 2999: 2968: 2964: 2925: 2921: 2890: 2886: 2870: 2861: 2821: 2815: 2811: 2774: 2770: 2730: 2726: 2681: 2677: 2645: 2639: 2635: 2595: 2589: 2585: 2545: 2539: 2535: 2487: 2481: 2477: 2423: 2419: 2374: 2370: 2329:(1): e0169938. 2315: 2311: 2301: 2299: 2295: 2288: 2284: 2283: 2279: 2248: 2241: 2198: 2194: 2181: 2179: 2168: 2164: 2125: 2116: 2106: 2104: 2096: 2095: 2091: 2081: 2062: 2058: 2051: 2037: 2033: 2026: 2012: 2008: 1963: 1959: 1944: 1940: 1930: 1928: 1919: 1918: 1914: 1861: 1857: 1842: 1826: 1822: 1806: 1786: 1782: 1772: 1770: 1765: 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5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5376: 5373: 5372: 5371: 5368: 5367: 5365: 5361: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5349:Me generation 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5326: 5324: 5320: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5270: 5268: 5264: 5260: 5253: 5248: 5246: 5241: 5239: 5234: 5233: 5230: 5219: 5214: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5182: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5082: 5080: 5076: 5073: 5072: 5071: 5068: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5004: 5001: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4988: 4987: 4984: 4980: 4977: 4976: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4959:dysregulation 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4921: 4919: 4915: 4912: 4908: 4907:interpersonal 4905: 4904: 4903: 4900: 4896: 4893: 4892: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4822: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4813: 4810: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4797: 4795: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4767: 4765: 4761: 4760:in psychology 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4745:consciousness 4743: 4742: 4740: 4739: 4737: 4733: 4726: 4725: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4683: 4680: 4679: 4677: 4675: 4671: 4666: 4660: 4650: 4647: 4643: 4640: 4639: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4611: 4608: 4607: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4598: 4596: 4593: 4591: 4588: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4565: 4564: 4559: 4556: 4555: 4554:Schadenfreude 4550: 4547: 4546: 4541: 4537: 4534: 4533: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4494: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4471: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4458: 4455: 4454: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4422: 4421: 4420:Mono no aware 4416: 4414: 4411: 4407: 4404: 4402: 4399: 4398: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4352: 4349: 4347: 4344: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4335: 4331: 4329: 4326: 4323: 4322: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4289: 4288: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4274: 4273: 4272:Joie de vivre 4269: 4268: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4259: 4257: 4254: 4252: 4249: 4247: 4244: 4242: 4241:Gratification 4239: 4237: 4234: 4232: 4229: 4227: 4224: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4175: 4172: 4171: 4170: 4169:Embarrassment 4167: 4165: 4162: 4160: 4157: 4155: 4152: 4150: 4147: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4074:Belongingness 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4047: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4032: 4030: 4027: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4002: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3982: 3981: 3979: 3977: 3973: 3968: 3964: 3957: 3952: 3950: 3945: 3943: 3938: 3937: 3934: 3927: 3926: 3922: 3919: 3918: 3914: 3913: 3903: 3902: 3897: 3892: 3891:public domain 3883: 3882: 3869: 3865: 3860: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3828: 3820: 3816: 3812: 3808: 3804: 3800: 3796: 3792: 3788: 3781: 3773: 3769: 3762: 3747:. Calm Clinic 3746: 3739: 3731: 3727: 3722: 3717: 3713: 3709: 3705: 3698: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3671: 3663: 3659: 3654: 3649: 3644: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3619: 3611: 3607: 3602: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3562: 3554: 3550: 3545: 3540: 3536: 3532: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3505: 3497: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3449: 3441: 3437: 3433: 3429: 3424: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3399: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3334: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3301: 3296: 3292: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3269: 3261: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3211: 3203: 3199: 3194: 3189: 3185: 3181: 3178:(2): 239–46. 3177: 3173: 3169: 3162: 3154: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3113: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3069: 3061: 3057: 3050: 3042: 3038: 3033: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3001: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2966: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2923: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2888: 2879: 2875: 2868: 2866: 2864: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2820: 2813: 2805: 2801: 2796: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2772: 2764: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2728: 2720: 2716: 2711: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2679: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2644: 2637: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2613: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2594: 2587: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2544: 2537: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2498:(3): 658–63. 2497: 2493: 2486: 2479: 2471: 2467: 2462: 2457: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2421: 2413: 2409: 2404: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2372: 2364: 2360: 2355: 2350: 2345: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2313: 2294: 2287: 2281: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2262:(2): 244–68. 2261: 2257: 2253: 2246: 2244: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2196: 2189: 2177: 2173: 2166: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2103: 2099: 2093: 2086: 2082: 2076: 2072: 2071: 2066: 2060: 2052: 2050:9780449234525 2046: 2042: 2035: 2027: 2021: 2017: 2010: 2002: 1998: 1993: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1961: 1954:(3): 720–721. 1953: 1949: 1942: 1926: 1922: 1916: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1883: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1859: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1837: 1833: 1832: 1824: 1817: 1813: 1807: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1792: 1784: 1768: 1762: 1746: 1740: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1697: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1642: 1640: 1631: 1627: 1622: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1590: 1588: 1586: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1542: 1535: 1533: 1531: 1529: 1527: 1518: 1514: 1509: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1467: 1452: 1448: 1442: 1440: 1432: 1428: 1425: 1419: 1411: 1407: 1402: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1370: 1368: 1359: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1339: 1335: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1291: 1285: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1262:schizophrenia 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1189: 1186: 1181: 1171: 1169: 1165: 1155: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1140: 1130: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1086: 1082: 1080: 1076: 1071: 1068: 1067: 1061: 1059: 1058: 1052: 1048: 1047:psychiatrists 1042: 1027: 1025: 1024:schizophrenia 1021: 1017: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1001: 997: 987: 985: 981: 977: 973: 969: 959: 950: 942: 939: 935: 931: 927: 917: 908: 905: 901: 897: 896:Leo Buscaglia 892: 887:Social origin 884: 882: 881:comprehension 878: 873: 871: 867: 863: 859: 854: 852: 848: 844: 840: 836: 832: 823: 821: 817: 813: 809: 805: 801: 797: 793: 788: 784: 780: 779: 774: 770: 760: 759: 749: 745: 735: 733: 732:schizophrenia 729: 725: 721: 716: 714: 710: 705: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 678: 676: 672: 668: 664: 660: 656: 652: 648: 644: 640: 629: 624: 622: 617: 615: 610: 609: 607: 606: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 580: 578: 575: 573: 570: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 538: 537:Schadenfreude 535: 533: 530: 528: 525: 523: 520: 518: 515: 513: 510: 508: 505: 503: 500: 498: 495: 493: 490: 488: 485: 483: 480: 478: 475: 473: 470: 468: 465: 463: 460: 458: 455: 453: 450: 448: 445: 443: 440: 438: 435: 433: 430: 428: 425: 423: 420: 418: 415: 413: 410: 408: 405: 403: 400: 398: 395: 393: 390: 388: 385: 383: 380: 378: 375: 373: 370: 368: 367:Gratification 365: 363: 360: 358: 355: 353: 350: 348: 345: 343: 340: 338: 335: 333: 330: 328: 325: 323: 322:Embarrassment 320: 318: 315: 313: 310: 308: 305: 303: 300: 298: 295: 293: 290: 288: 287:Determination 285: 283: 280: 278: 275: 273: 270: 268: 265: 263: 260: 258: 255: 253: 250: 248: 245: 243: 240: 238: 237:Belongingness 235: 233: 230: 228: 225: 223: 220: 218: 215: 213: 210: 208: 205: 203: 200: 198: 195: 193: 190: 188: 185: 183: 180: 178: 175: 173: 170: 169: 160: 159: 153: 150: 146: 145:Dysregulation 143: 141: 140:Interpersonal 138: 137: 136: 132: 130: 127: 125: 122: 120: 117: 115: 112: 110: 107: 106: 104: 103: 99: 94: 90: 89: 86: 83: 82: 78: 74: 73: 67: 63: 44: 40: 33: 19: 5450:Compensation 5217: 5157:Meta-emotion 5070:Emotionality 5043:responsivity 4991:and bullying 4986:intelligence 4796:Affectivity 4780:neuroscience 4750:in education 4333: 4294:Homesickness 4270: 4196:Enthrallment 4181:Emotion work 4053: 4044:Anticipation 3924: 3916: 3899: 3841: 3837: 3827: 3794: 3790: 3780: 3771: 3761: 3749:. 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Retrieved 1450: 1418: 1383: 1379: 1347: 1338: 1258:brain damage 1195: 1177: 1161: 1152:Rivastigmine 1144:dopaminergic 1136: 1123:rivastigmine 1092: 1083: 1078: 1072: 1064: 1062: 1055: 1044: 993: 965: 956: 948: 923: 914: 900:Helen Keller 893: 890: 874: 855: 851:philosophers 829: 819: 815: 814:is used for 811: 795: 791: 782: 776: 772: 768: 756: 743: 741: 717: 706: 690:sluggishness 679: 643:indifference 642: 638: 637: 221: 212:Anticipation 43: 5465:Grandiosity 5460:Entitlement 5334:Don Juanism 5283:God complex 5085:and culture 4890:recognition 4875:homeostatic 4775:forecasting 4724:Weltschmerz 4697:Misanthropy 4474:grandiosity 4356:Inspiration 4346:Infatuation 4314:Humiliation 4236:Frustration 4109:Contentment 3751:25 February 3365:10553/48392 3300:10609/92806 2900:(1): 7–19. 2788:: 181–188. 2302:25 February 2182:25 February 2135:(1): 6–42. 1931:25 February 1773:25 February 1751:25 February 1456:30 December 1276:disorders, 1119:galantamine 945:Measurement 862:shell shock 858:World War I 417:Humiliation 362:Frustration 262:Contentment 5510:Narcissism 5494:Categories 5427:withdrawal 5382:Dark triad 5344:Leadership 5322:In society 5259:Narcissism 5162:Pathognomy 5063:well-being 4979:and gender 4974:expression 4969:exhaustion 4954:detachment 4939:competence 4920:Emotional 4902:regulation 4885:perception 4880:in animals 4830:and memory 4766:Affective 4674:Worldviews 4536:melancholy 4521:Resentment 4391:Loneliness 4366:Irritation 4351:Insecurity 4341:Indulgence 4216:Excitement 4201:Enthusiasm 4134:Depression 4094:Confidence 4089:Compassion 4064:Attraction 3989:Admiration 3984:Acceptance 3879:References 2832:: 120103. 2741:: 101870. 1210:depression 1035:Depression 831:Christians 812:dispassion 808:Philokalia 806:. In the 655:motivation 651:excitement 522:Resentment 447:Loneliness 337:Enthusiasm 277:Depression 247:Confidence 177:Admiration 172:Acceptance 119:In animals 5190:appraisal 5130:sociology 5081:Emotions 5053:symbiosis 5038:reasoning 5008:isolation 4949:contagion 4934:blackmail 4860:expressed 4855:evolution 4845:and sleep 4835:and music 4770:computing 4717:Reclusion 4712:Pessimism 4687:Defeatism 4617:Suffering 4563:Sehnsucht 4506:Rejection 4457:self-pity 4432:Nostalgia 4401:limerence 4371:Isolation 4309:Hostility 4266:Happiness 4246:Gratitude 4191:Emptiness 4174:vicarious 4124:Curiosity 4099:Confusion 4039:Annoyance 4019:Amusement 4009:Agitation 4004:Affection 3999:Aesthetic 3994:Adoration 3811:1525-8610 3683:: 82–89. 3592:1460-2156 3535:1460-2156 3480:1468-330X 3432:1460-2156 3374:1531-8257 3309:1474-4465 3242:2168-6157 2854:245423518 2763:209343166 2656:: 42–49. 2628:173994534 2452:1748-6653 2234:145228051 2226:1573-1928 2157:145803015 2149:0013-189X 1899:2330-4014 1672:1531-8257 1499:1664-1078 1185:serotonin 1115:donepezil 1051:depressed 920:Bystander 810:the word 738:Etymology 582:Suspicion 572:Suffering 542:Self-pity 507:Rejection 462:Nostalgia 442:Limerence 412:Hostility 392:Happiness 372:Gratitude 317:Elevation 272:Curiosity 252:Confusion 207:Annoyance 187:Amusement 182:Affection 39:Antipathy 18:Impassive 5505:Emotions 5481:Category 5407:neurosis 5273:Egomania 5048:security 5028:literacy 5013:lability 5003:intimacy 4944:conflict 4924:aperture 4821:Emotion 4805:negative 4800:positive 4790:spectrum 4755:measures 4707:Optimism 4702:Nihilism 4692:Fatalism 4682:Cynicism 4627:Sympathy 4622:Surprise 4464:Pleasure 4386:Kindness 4376:Jealousy 4361:Interest 4328:Hysteria 4211:Euphoria 4154:Distrust 4104:Contempt 4084:Calmness 3976:Emotions 3963:Emotions 3868:23106029 3819:19560715 3730:36567496 3662:21810890 3610:29672668 3553:27452600 3488:24218528 3440:23543483 3390:35925068 3382:21780179 3325:43614772 3317:25895932 3260:34570180 3202:24169147 3153:24021498 3104:30971352 3096:18480686 3041:28689673 2957:34996374 2949:10218936 2914:15746478 2846:34999366 2804:34298224 2755:31830701 2719:33816664 2670:53173573 2620:26203157 2578:15540782 2570:26203157 2528:16313833 2520:24972546 2470:34532963 2412:30349863 2363:28076387 2323:PLOS ONE 2107:15 March 2065:Keller H 2001:16816263 1907:59323805 1731:13411386 1723:28966139 1688:35664376 1680:25787145 1630:30123816 1606:: 7–13. 1576:49428707 1568:29946157 1517:36106040 1447:"Apathy" 1427:Archived 1410:33888648 1346:(1997). 1288:See also 1226:dementia 1150:such as 1016:dementia 816:apatheia 796:apatheia 783:apatheia 761:), from 758:apatheia 722:such as 720:dementia 577:Surprise 487:Pleasure 437:Kindness 427:Jealousy 422:Interest 347:Euphoria 302:Distrust 257:Contempt 164:Emotions 85:Emotions 77:a series 75:Part of 5455:Empathy 5412:elation 5375:history 5354:Parents 5278:Egotism 5218:Italics 5181:Theory 5137:Feeling 5090:history 5075:bounded 5033:prosody 4840:and sex 4825:and art 4785:science 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