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India: The Modi Question

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33: 2445: 2433: 2421: 2409: 296:. These include a report stating that the violence in Gujarat showed "all the hallmarks of an ethnic cleansing". The documents also cited police officers who stated that the police were prevented from aiding Muslim rape victims by pressure from the state government, and noted religious bias in how relief funds were distributed. 580:, Modi's career, and the Gujarat riots, with the only new material being British government reports. The author criticized the documentary for failing to interrogate why Western governments were willing to engage with Modi when documents in their position called him a violator of human rights, an opinion echoed by 544:
was positive, stating that the documentary had notably given space to a variety of opinions, including those of BJP members. It described the portrayal of the Gujarat riots "comprehensive", and called the documentary "sharp". However, it stated that the documentary had fallen short in assessing other
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banned the documentary from being screened, describing it as "hostile propaganda and anti-India garbage", and asked social media sites to take down snippets of the documentary shared by users. In response to the government's ban, the BBC said that the documentary had been researched "rigorously", and
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was critical, stating that while the documentary had "interviewed the best voices", it had failed to uncover substantive new ground, and therefore allowed the Modi administration to "use the films for one more round of propaganda โ€“ painting themselves as victims". The author wrote that the first
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described the ban as an example of "pervasive" hostility to freedom of the press and censorship of criticism. In response to the first part of the documentary, more than three hundred Indian former judges, bureaucrats, and soldiers released a statement which criticised the BBC for "unrelenting
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that increased its power to censor social media. Twitter and YouTube blocked posts linking to the documentary on their platforms following legal demands from the Indian government. The ban on the documentary has been frequently circumvented; clips from the documentary circulated on
268:, Indian Muslims have been the target of increased violence, on which Modi has largely not commented. The policies of the Modi administration have been seen as discriminatory toward India's Muslim minority, and as entrenching a right-wing Hindu-nationalist image of the country. 513:
in February 2023. The searches began on 14 February, and continued for three days. Phones and laptops belonging to employees were searched. The searches were seen by commentators as being in retaliation for the documentary, and received condemnation from the
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also decided to screen the documentary. However, electricity and internet access to the room where the screening was to take place were cut by university authorities, leading to students streaming the documentary on their cell phones. After students at
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hostility" towards India. More than five hundred Indian scholars signed a petition criticising the ban, stating that it "violates our rights, as Indians, to access and discuss important information about our society and government". A
1824: 1325: 563:. She was more positive about the second segment, but criticised it for not being sufficiently bold, particularly with its footage of Hindu extremists fomenting violence and of Muslims being beaten by the police during the 2269: 1915: 1699: 1547: 493:(HRW), the ban was an example of the harsh treatment of religious minorities under Modi's administration. HRW stated that the government under Modi had often used "draconian" laws to silence critics of the government. 211:. The ban was frequently circumvented, and several student organisations held screenings in various parts of the country. The ban was criticised by opposition politicians as censorship, and described as an assault on 1517: 1292: 2238: 723: 1729: 637: 1967: 1382: 288:
The first segment of the documentary, approximately an hour in length, covered Modi's early political career in the BJP, his appointment as chief minister of Gujarat in 2001, and his role in the
2175: 800: 1487: 380:. Right-wing Hindu-nationalist groups also petitioned the Supreme Court to ban the BBC altogether; the court described the petition as "absolutely meritless", and rejected it. In March, the 1814: 1792: 276:
has declined, and that the government has shut down criticism of it on social media. The Modi administration has often put pressure on Twitter to remove tweets the government perceives as
2144: 2068: 853: 2343: 2307: 1359: 1317: 676: 2261: 1907: 1578: 1261: 1227: 1691: 1539: 2099: 452:. The documentary was screened at the Parliament House in Australia by lawmakers and activists, during Modi's Australia trip in May 2023 to meet the Australian Prime Minister 364:
were used to circumvent the ban. Commentators argued that the ban had drawn more attention to the documentary than it would otherwise have received, a phenomenon known as the
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described the documentary as propaganda, stated that it lacked objectivity, and "reflected a colonial mindset." A government minister stated that watching the documentary was
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The first part of the two-part documentary was released by the BBC on 17 January 2023, and the second part on 24 January. It was not scheduled to be broadcast in India. The
1945: 304:, is depicted saying that there were "serious claims" that Modi was actively restricting the activities of the police, and also "tacitly encouraging the Hindu extremists". 249:(BJP), was at the time the chief minister of Gujarat. His administration is considered complicit in the riots, or otherwise criticised for its management of the crisis. A 1668: 1638: 1509: 2005: 1284: 2230: 935: 708: 1721: 629: 526:
said that the Indian tax department raids "have all the appearance of a reprisal" and denounced the "governmentโ€™s attempts to clamp down on independent media."
745: 316: 188: 2520: 2475: 2205: 1457: 971: 893: 1847: 238:, for which the state's Muslim minority was blamed. The riots were among the worst religious violence since India became an independent country in 1947. 1885: 428:
planned a screening, at least a dozen students were arrested, and the university entrances blocked. Witnesses stated that policemen with riot gear and
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shortcomings of the Modi administration, and in understanding the links between religious majoritarianism and gender and caste. Political scientist
2121: 1479: 336: 323:. It depicts the violent response by security forces to protests against the new laws, and interviews the family members of people who died in the 2470: 1784: 2535: 2465: 420: 2136: 2060: 845: 549:, among the scholars interviewed in the documentary, stated in an interview that the BBC had produced an "incredibly rigorous" piece of work. 2490: 1426: 2335: 2299: 1351: 668: 2540: 2530: 1570: 1253: 1968:"Modi BBC Documentary: Over 300 Retired judges, bureaucrats slam broadcaster for its 'unrelenting hostility' towards India and its PM" 1217: 2525: 2091: 1937: 2038: 1762: 778: 2485: 1660: 1630: 1194: 1997: 230:
in 2002. Over one thousand people were killed, most of them Muslim, and 150,000 people were displaced. The riots followed the
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outfits. We will go ahead with the plan and more screenings will be done at other places also in the coming days." The
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in India, during which journalists had experienced harassment by the government and the judiciary. According to
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review. The author was also critical of the ban on the documentary, stating that any criticism of Modi and the
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editorial described the ban as the most recent example of the Modi's suppression of press freedom.
1418: 195:. It also depicts the violent response to protests against the new laws, and the aftermath of the 400: 361: 265: 1815:"AISA screens BBC documentary on PM Modi in Bengaluru, students of various colleges participate" 801:"The Modi Question: Government blocks YouTube videos, tweets sharing BBC documentary on PM Modi" 436:
also screened the documentary in late January, with students attending from several colleges in
2480: 1318:"'Will you ban movie on Godse too?' Owaisi's jibe after govt blocks BBC documentary on PM Modi" 515: 449: 369: 254: 246: 208: 572: 510: 416: 1998:"More Than 500 Indian Scientists, Academics Slam Govt for Blocking BBC Documentary on Modi" 1129: 560: 546: 464: 425: 231: 212: 207:
that it depicted a "wide range of voices", including the opinions of figures within Modi's
1631:"DYFI to screen 'banned' BBC documentary in Thiruvananthapuram, more campuses follow suit" 588:
was being derided as "colonial" by these same organisations even though they had acted as
8: 396: 357: 344: 203: 1383:"BBC documentary on PM Modi is 'propaganda' and reflects 'colonial mindset', says India" 163:
in the country. The first part covers Modi's early political career and his role in the
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during the colonial period and did "precious little to remove colonialism from India".
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noted that the majority of the narrative covered the well-documented history of the
1852: 1755:"Jamia, JNU: India students angry after screenings of BBC Modi documentary blocked" 1571:"India's top court issues notice to government over banned BBC documentary on Modi" 1147: 1006: 564: 495: 453: 377: 365: 324: 196: 176: 1692:"Kerala: CPI(M) youth wing DYFI says will screen BBC documentary on PM Modi today" 384:, majority-controlled by the BJP, adopted a resolution put forward by the BJP MLA 307:
The second part, released on 24 January 2023, and also an hour long, examines the
2437: 1087: 1048: 1044: 1010: 554: 479:, who tweeted video links to the documentary, criticised the move as censorship. 411:. Discussing its decision, DYFI stated: "Let people see the fascist face of the 388:, who alleged that the documentary raised doubts over Indian press freedom, the 260:
Modi's role in the riots remains a source of controversy. After the BJP won the
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found no evidence to initiate prosecution proceedings against Modi personally.
160: 1785:"Dozen students detained after bid to screen Modi documentary at Jamia campus" 746:"Why India has banned this documentary about its Prime Minister Narendra Modi" 630:"Under what emergency powers has the BBC documentary on PM Modi been blocked?" 509:
The BBC's offices in Mumbai and New Delhi were the targets of searches by the
2459: 2262:"Christophe Jaffrelot on 2002 Gujarat riots: 'The ghosts have never left me'" 2168:"India tax officers search BBC offices weeks after critical Modi documentary" 1151: 719: 585: 540: 412: 239: 156: 2377: 2368: 2092:"Search of BBC offices by Indian government enters third day | CNN Business" 2413: 2198:"BBC offices raided in India in latest Modi assault on press freedom | RSF" 1722:"DYFI, SFI, Congress to screen banned BBC documentary on PM Modi in Kerala" 928:"Censorship, arrests, power cuts. India scrambles to block BBC documentary" 481: 476: 373: 467:
by independent commentators, human rights groups, and opposition parties.
2386: 385: 113: 2432: 2300:"Opinion: BBC's 'The Modi Question' played it safe, failed in many ways" 2231:"'India: The Modi Question' โ€“ A sharp documentary with some blind spots" 1072: 2444: 2425: 709:"BBC documentary | Second part of 'The Modi Question' airs in the U.K." 297: 886:"As India Tries to Block a Modi Documentary, Students Fight to See It" 485:
wrote that the ban on the documentary had occurred during a period of
1510:"BBC documentary can't undermine India's sovereignty: Shashi Tharoor" 1254:"Indian Officials Search BBC Offices in Delhi After Modi Documentary" 1222: 570:
Discussing the first segment of the documentary, a commentary in the
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The Clash Within: Democracy, Religious Violence, and India's Future
518:, a nonprofit organisation of journalists promoting press freedom, 429: 353: 243: 1480:"Why Modi and BJP want the BBC documentary to raise heat and dust" 1285:"What is the BBC Modi documentary and why is it so controversial?" 395:
Screenings of the documentary were organised in late January by a
2137:"Indian tax inspectors examine mobiles, laptops of BBC employees" 1089:
Communalism, Caste and Hindu Nationalism: The Violence in Gujarat
340: 227: 152: 109: 1938:"India's Blocking of BBC Documentary Reflects Broader Crackdown" 315:. It examines a series of controversial policies, including the 408: 235: 1878:"Opinion - India's Proud Tradition of a Free Press Is at Risk" 1352:"Narendra Modi's Censorship Has Reached an Alarming New Level" 187:. It covers a series of controversial policies, including the 2061:"Indian officials search BBC offices for second straight day" 1450:"Why India Is Using Emergency Laws to Ban a Modi Documentary" 964:"Why India Is Using Emergency Laws to Ban a Modi Documentary" 419:
said that it too would screen the documentary in Kerala. The
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Mogul, Manveena Suri,Kunal Sehgal,Rhea (16 February 2023).
1608: 1419:"How Indians Are Watching the Banned BBC Modi Documentary" 669:"India invokes emergency laws to ban BBC Modi documentary" 372:. The court agreed on 3 February to hear two petitions by 1872: 1870: 1190: 1181:"India Gujarat Chief Minister Modi cleared in riots case" 172: 1900: 1807: 1777: 1960: 1930: 559:
segment failed to interrogate open questions about the
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and the government, seeking an action against the BBC.
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Das, Krishna N.; Maclellan, Kylie (14 February 2023).
1867: 1601:"Assam passes resolution against BBC docu amid uproar" 2397: 2225: 2223: 2031:"BBC India offices searched by income tax officials" 1532: 771:"India government criticises BBC's Modi documentary" 1276: 2220: 1448:Rajvanshi, Astha; Syed, Armani (23 January 2023). 1374: 957: 955: 953: 2457: 1749: 1747: 1037: 879: 877: 875: 873: 871: 663: 661: 659: 657: 655: 337:Indian Ministry of Information and Broadcasting 151:is a 2023 two-part documentary series aired by 1282: 950: 606:, a 2004 documentary on the 2002 Gujarat riots 432:had been sent into the university campus. The 313:re-election as prime minister of India in 2019 2329: 2327: 2325: 1990: 1744: 1562: 1447: 1380: 1345: 1343: 1247: 1245: 1218:"SIT finds no proof against Modi, says court" 1122: 868: 2293: 2291: 2289: 2287: 2253: 2165: 2120:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1412: 1410: 1408: 702: 700: 698: 696: 694: 652: 2521:BBC television documentaries about politics 2476:2020s British documentary television series 2025: 2023: 1283:Ellis-Petersen, Hannah (14 February 2023). 921: 919: 917: 915: 913: 911: 421:Jawaharlal Nehru University Students' Union 2322: 1340: 1242: 840: 838: 836: 834: 832: 830: 828: 826: 31: 2284: 1683: 1405: 1381:Bhattacherjee, Kallol (19 January 2023). 1312: 1310: 1128: 961: 793: 691: 347:in India, with the government invoking a 215:by commentators and human rights groups. 2020: 1661:"DYFI screens BBC documentary in Kerala" 1568: 1215: 1043: 908: 706: 624: 622: 620: 2259: 2159: 823: 407:(DYFI) screened it in various parts of 330: 2471:2023 British television series endings 2458: 1569:Dasgupta, Sravasti (3 February 2023). 1307: 992: 986: 171:. It discusses documents found by the 2536:Political controversies in television 2466:2023 British television series debuts 2333: 2208:from the original on 16 February 2023 2178:from the original on 14 February 2023 2147:from the original on 16 February 2023 2134: 2102:from the original on 16 February 2023 2089: 2071:from the original on 15 February 2023 2041:from the original on 14 February 2023 1948:from the original on 12 February 2023 1888:from the original on 12 February 2023 1845: 1349: 1295:from the original on 17 February 2023 1264:from the original on 15 February 2023 1251: 1230:from the original on 21 December 2016 1197:from the original on 20 December 2016 1110:from the original on 18 February 2023 1085: 1079: 883: 617: 2491:Cultural depictions of Narendra Modi 2346:from the original on 5 February 2023 2310:from the original on 5 February 2023 2297: 2272:from the original on 6 February 2023 2260:Katakam, Anupama (3 February 2023). 2241:from the original on 29 January 2023 2008:from the original on 5 February 2023 1978:from the original on 30 January 2023 1918:from the original on 30 January 2023 1827:from the original on 3 February 2023 1795:from the original on 27 January 2023 1765:from the original on 26 January 2023 1732:from the original on 24 January 2023 1702:from the original on 27 January 2023 1689: 1671:from the original on 24 January 2023 1641:from the original on 24 January 2023 1581:from the original on 5 February 2023 1550:from the original on 5 February 2023 1520:from the original on 28 January 2023 1490:from the original on 28 January 2023 1460:from the original on 25 January 2023 1429:from the original on 27 January 2023 1416: 1393:from the original on 27 January 2023 1362:from the original on 5 February 2023 1328:from the original on 23 January 2023 974:from the original on 26 January 2023 962:Rajvanshi, Astha (23 January 2023). 938:from the original on 28 January 2023 925: 896:from the original on 26 January 2023 856:from the original on 25 January 2023 811:from the original on 23 January 2023 781:from the original on 23 January 2023 726:from the original on 25 January 2023 707:Lakshman, Sriram (25 January 2023). 679:from the original on 23 January 2023 640:from the original on 23 January 2023 405:Democratic Youth Federation of India 309:activities of Modi's administration 181:activities of Modi's administration 13: 2541:English-language documentary films 16:2023 British documentary TV series 14: 2552: 2531:Television controversies in India 2362: 2334:Joshi, Ruchir (24 January 2023). 2135:Ahmad, Aftab (16 February 2023). 1350:Pahwa, Nitish (25 January 2023). 1252:Means, Other (14 February 2023). 1216:Dasgupta, Manas (10 April 2012). 1025:from the original on 1 March 2020 167:, which occurred when he was the 2526:Political controversies in India 2443: 2431: 2419: 2407: 2378:India: The Modi Question, Part 2 2369:India: The Modi Question, Part 1 2298:Laul, Revati (28 January 2023). 1690:Babu, Ramesh (24 January 2023). 1417:Syed, Armani (26 January 2023). 884:Yasir, Samir (25 January 2023). 368:. The ban was challenged in the 317:revocation of Kashmir's autonomy 294:Government of the United Kingdom 189:revocation of Kashmir's autonomy 179:". The second part examines the 155:about the Indian Prime Minister 2190: 2128: 2083: 2053: 1846:Staff, The Wire (24 May 2023). 1839: 1714: 1653: 1623: 1593: 1502: 1472: 1441: 1209: 1173: 926:Shih, Gerry (25 January 2023). 463:was described as an assault on 993:Bobbio, Tommaso (1 May 2012). 763: 738: 511:Income Tax Department of India 434:All India Students Association 159:and his relationship with the 67: 1: 2486:Documentary films about India 610: 218: 2501:2020s English-language films 1011:10.1080/01436597.2012.657423 529: 401:Hyderabad Central University 274:press freedom in the country 262:2014 Indian general election 7: 595: 578:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh 520:Amnesty International India 446:Indian Institute of Science 10: 2557: 2516:Censored television series 1139:Studies in Indian Politics 1094:Cambridge University Press 522:, and opposition parties. 382:Assam Legislative Assembly 283: 251:Special Investigation Team 224:Anti-Muslim riots occurred 1057:. pp. 17โ€“28, 50โ€“51. 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1096:. pp. 168โ€“173. 561:Godhra train burning 547:Christophe Jaffrelot 465:freedom of the press 331:Release and reaction 302:UK Foreign Secretary 213:freedom of the press 2506:Censorship in India 2237:. 27 January 2023. 2004:. 3 February 2023. 1974:. 21 January 2023. 1944:. 23 January 2023. 1914:. 22 January 2023. 1823:. 30 January 2023. 1791:. 25 January 2023. 1761:. 25 January 2023. 1728:. 24 January 2023. 1667:. 24 January 2023. 1665:English.Mathrubhumi 1546:. 3 February 2023. 1516:. 26 January 2023. 1486:. 26 January 2023. 1324:. 23 January 2023. 852:. 25 January 2023. 777:. 20 January 2023. 675:. 23 January 2023. 636:. 21 January 2023. 399:students' group at 397:Fraternity Movement 360:, and Twitter, and 321:new citizenship law 204:Government of India 193:new citizenship law 185:re-election in 2019 83:Executive producers 2511:2002 Gujarat riots 2336:"Lingering shadow" 1972:Free Press Journal 1942:Human Rights Watch 1912:The Indian Express 1882:The New York Times 1820:The Indian Express 1789:The Indian Express 890:The New York Times 634:The Indian Express 491:Human Rights Watch 469:Trinamool Congress 300:, at the time the 290:2002 Gujarat riots 242:, a member of the 165:2002 Gujarat riots 1193:. 10 April 2012. 1103:978-0-521-68369-2 1064:978-0-674-03059-6 253:appointed by the 244:Hindu-nationalist 144: 143: 59:Original language 51:Country of origin 2548: 2448: 2447: 2436: 2435: 2424: 2423: 2422: 2412: 2411: 2410: 2403: 2356: 2355: 2353: 2351: 2331: 2320: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2295: 2282: 2281: 2279: 2277: 2257: 2251: 2250: 2248: 2246: 2227: 2218: 2217: 2215: 2213: 2194: 2188: 2187: 2185: 2183: 2163: 2157: 2156: 2154: 2152: 2132: 2126: 2125: 2119: 2111: 2109: 2107: 2087: 2081: 2080: 2078: 2076: 2057: 2051: 2050: 2048: 2046: 2027: 2018: 2017: 2015: 2013: 1994: 1988: 1987: 1985: 1983: 1964: 1958: 1957: 1955: 1953: 1934: 1928: 1927: 1925: 1923: 1904: 1898: 1897: 1895: 1893: 1874: 1865: 1864: 1862: 1860: 1843: 1837: 1836: 1834: 1832: 1811: 1805: 1804: 1802: 1800: 1781: 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Index


BBC Two
BBC iPlayer
BBC Two
Narendra Modi
Muslim minority
2002 Gujarat riots
chief minister of Gujarat
BBC
ethnic cleansing
activities of Modi's administration
re-election in 2019
revocation of Kashmir's autonomy
new citizenship law
2020 Delhi riots
Government of India
Bharatiya Janata Party
freedom of the press
Anti-Muslim riots occurred
Gujarat
deaths of Hindu pilgrims
Godhra
Narendra Modi
Hindu-nationalist
Bharatiya Janata Party
Special Investigation Team
Supreme Court of India
2014 Indian general election
prime minister
Reporters Without Borders

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