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famine codes were developed, such as the Indian Famine Code (Bihar), which shared similar principles with the original code and served as a foundation for multiple famine codes and scales. These codes and scales aimed to assess the severity and magnitude of famine. The Indian Famine Code was among the earliest attempts to forecast and subsequently prevent famine by implementing specific steps and interventions mandated for governments to mitigate the risks associated with food scarcity.
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To address the issue of famine in India, an Indian Famine
Commission was established to develop strategies for prevention and mitigation. In 1880, the commission's secretary drafted the Indian Famine Code, which served as the cornerstone of famine prevention measures until the 1970s. Subsequent
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reaching one-third or one-half of the normal levels, and significant population distress. "Famine" included additional criteria such as a surge in
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Reza, Avid; Tomczyk, Basia; Aguayo, Victor M; Zagré, Noel M; Goumbi, Kadadé; Blanton, Curtis; Talley, Leisel (2008).
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exceeding 140% of the "normal" value, mass migration of people in search of food, and widespread mortality.
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137:"Retrospective determination of whether famine existed in Niger, 2005: two stage cluster survey"
8:
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136:
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92:
91:, GeoJournal library, vol. 1 (Illustrated ed.), Springer, pp. 91–110,
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85:"The development of the India Famine Codes: personalities, policies and politics"
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23:, developed by the colonial British in the 1880s, were one of the earliest
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152:
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Famine scale developed by the colonial
British in India in the 1880s
112:"Retrospective determination of whether famine existed in Niger"
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118:, no. 35, ENN, p. 10, March 2009, archived from
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43:. "Scarcity" was defined as three successive years of
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35:The Famine Codes established three levels of
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87:, in Currey, Bruce; Hugo, Graeme (eds.),
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89:Famine as a geographical phenomenon
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185:"Historical responses to famine"
39:: near-scarcity, scarcity, and
189:Encyclopædia Britannica Online
132:Summary of published research:
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7:
10:
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59:Indian Famine Commission
31:Types of Food insecurity
220:1880s in British India
122:on September 7, 2010
83:Brennan, L (1984),
21:Indian Famine Codes
153:10.1136/bmj.a1622
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37:food insecurity
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215:1880s in India
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116:Field Exchange
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25:famine scales
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192:. Retrieved
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124:, retrieved
120:the original
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45:crop failure
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126:October 11,
53:food prices
49:crop yields
209:Categories
68:References
194:8 October
147:: a1622.
171:18832413
162:2658864
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41:famine
196:2009
167:PMID
128:2009
93:ISBN
19:The
157:PMC
149:doi
145:337
141:BMJ
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