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32:
1502:
282:
1439:
865:
201:
324:
261:
303:
147:
240:
219:
530:
827:
1133:
793:, most of these Ingrian Finns, who were still Soviet citizens, were forcibly returned to the Soviet Union, where they were dispersed into Central Russia. However, some Ingrian Finns were able to flee to Sweden, and nearly 4,000 were able to remain in Finland. Ingrian Finns were largely forgotten during the presidencies of
788:
led to the ultimate result that in 1941, Moscow officially decided that
Ingrian Finns were unreliable, and in 1942 most of the Ingrian Finns remaining in Ingria were forcibly relocated to Siberia. During the Finnish and German occupation of the area, Ingrian Finns were evacuated to Finland. However,
922:
Many
Ingrian Finns, including mixed families, who moved to Finland did not speak any language other than Russian and in many cases still identify as Russians. There are social integration problems similar to those of any other migrant group in Europe, to such an extent that there is a political
784:, the Soviet policy was mixed. On the one hand, Stalin's government largely destroyed Ingrian Finnish culture, but on the other hand, the maintenance of a Finnish-speaking population was desired as a way to legitimize the planned occupation of Finland. The failure of the puppet
1349:
Tambets, Kristiina; Yunusbayev, Bayazit; Hudjashov, Georgi; Ilumäe, Anne-Mai; Rootsi, Siiri; Honkola, Terhi; Vesakoski, Outi; Atkinson, Quentin; Skoglund, Pontus; Kushniarevich, Alena; Litvinov, Sergey; Reidla, Maere; Metspalu, Ene; Saag, Lehti; Rantanen, Timo (2018).
674:, were as disastrous for the Ingrian Finns as for other small ethnic groups. Many Ingrian Finns were either executed, deported to Siberia, or forced to relocate to other parts of the Soviet Union. There were also refugees to Finland, where they assimilated.
638:. The first public library was opened in 1850, in Tyrö. The largest of the libraries, situated in Skuoritsa, had more than 2,000 volumes in the second half of the 19th century. In 1899, the first song festival in Ingria was held in Puutosti (Skuoritsa).
916:. In 2010, however, the Finnish government decided to stop the remigration, so Ingrian Finns seeking residence are now treated in the same way as any other foreigners. There are still about 15,000 people in the remigration queue.
934:
since 2004, being the first minority to organize and use such a right after
Estonia's restoration of independence. The 2011 census counted 369 Ingrian Finns in Estonia, a large majority of whom are also citizens of Estonia.
72:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
2024:
599:, where approved by the Swedish authorities. Finns made up 41.1 percent of the population of Ingria in 1656, 53.2 percent in 1661, 55.2 percent in 1666, 56.9 percent in 1671 and 73.8 percent in 1695.
641:
By 1897, the number of
Ingrian Finns had grown to 130,413, and by 1917 it exceeded 140,000 (45,000 in Northern Ingria, 52,000 in Central (Eastern) Ingria and 30,000 in Western Ingria, the rest in
743:, free of the Finnic peoples, who were considered politically unreliable. In April 1935 7,000 people (2,000 families) were deported from Ingria to Kazakhstan, elsewhere in Central Asia, and the
697:, and for several years thereafter it retained some degree of autonomy. From 1928 to 1939, Ingrian Finns in North Ingria constituted the Kuivaisi National District with its center in
1623:
3125:
1931:
3284:
3279:
2019:
1405:
927:. In contrast, native Finnish-speakers have been easily assimilated into mainstream Finnish culture, leaving little trace of Ingrian Finnish traditions.
618:, which Russia had gained from Sweden during the 18th century, and where Lutherans were a large majority. There the Ingrian Finns assimilated with the
2038:
774:
In 1937 Lutheran churches and
Finnish-language schools in Ingria were closed down, and publications and radio broadcasting in Finnish were suspended.
1783:
1539:
1516:
1333:
75:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
1628:
2237:
2033:
1548:
1322:
760:
2788:
693:, which was backed by Finland. The short-lived republic was reintegrated with Soviet Russia according to the 14 October 1920 Russian-Finnish
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1800:
2226:
1427:
993:
709:
840:
756:
919:
The number of people who declared their nationality as
Finnish in the 2010 Russian census was 20,000, down from 47,000 in 1989.
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1118:
939:
694:
1435:
1063:
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were granted land in Ingria, and
Lutheran Ingrian Finns left Ingria, where they were in minority, for the area known as
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1677:
1301:
83:
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started in Ingria. To facilitate it, in 1929–1931, 18,000 people (4,320 families) from North Ingria were deported to
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493:
96:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing
Finnish Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
1769:
1251:
819:
1105:Всеукраїнський перепис населення 2001. Русская версия. Результаты. Национальность и родной язык. Украина и регионы
897:
488:
Finnish immigrants introduced into the area in the 17th century, when
Finland and Ingria were both parts of the
3004:
1420:
736:
3341:
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2490:
2418:
1259:
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501:
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Ingrian Finns are the indigenous minority of Europe. Finnish-speaking
Ingrians are not to be confused with
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1667:
1544:
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1352:"Genes reveal traces of common recent demographic history for most of the Uralic-speaking populations"
512:. According to some records, some 25,000 Ingrian Finns have returned or still reside in the region of
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1682:
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421:
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508:, or killed. Today the Ingrian Finns constitute the largest part of the Finnish population of the
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383:
735:. The situation for the Ingrian Finns deteriorated further because of the Soviet plan to create
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conquest and the foundation of Saint Petersburg (1703), the flow of migration was reversed.
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747:. In May and June 1936 20,000 people, the entire Finnish population of the parishes of
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44:
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Ethnic Identity in Assimilated Indigenous Minorities: The Case of the Ingrian Finns
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A map of Votic and neighbouring Ingrian-Finnish and Izhorian villages 1848–2007.
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in 1926 recorded 114,831 "Leningrad Finns", as Ingrian Finns were then called.
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634:, started in Ingria. Before that Ingria received newspapers mostly from
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1941:
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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settlers and migrant workers who moved to Ingria during the period of
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National Minorities of Finland, The Old Russians- Ex Virtual Finland
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rule 1617–1703. Others originated from more or less voluntary
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958:
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767:. In Ingria they were replaced by people from other parts of the
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405:
329:
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548:-speaking Ingrians. Ingrian Finns mainly consist of two groups:
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Ingrian Finns of Estonia at the Estonian Song and Dance Festival
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2216:
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2155:
2147:
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1984:
1961:
1918:
901:
635:
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In 1870, the printing of the first Finnish-language newspaper,
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477:
245:
224:
191:
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After the war many Ingrian Finns settled in Soviet-controlled
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2440:
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2311:
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1746:
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1197:. Edited by Pekka Nevalainen and Hannes Sihvo. Helsinki 1991.
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In March 1939 the Kuivaisi National District was liquidated.
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near the Finnish border, were transferred to the area around
413:
1116:Агентство Республики Казахстан по статистике. Перепись 2009.
987:
3420:
900:
in 1991 until 2010, about 25,000 Ingrian Finns moved from
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Ingria: The Broken Landbridge Between Estonia and Finland
1323:
Yle: Hallitus aikoo rajoittaa inkeriläisten paluumuuttoa
1145:Национальный состав Беларуси по переписи населения 2009
463:
681:, Ingrian Finns inhabiting the southern part of the
504:, most of them were relocated to other parts of the
65:
625:
1089:Ancestry, Kunskapscenter, Nyheter från Ancestry:
938:In Russia, many Ingrian Finns are members of the
3463:
1302:""Inkerin Liitto" Inkerinsuomalaisten yhdistys"
953:Ingrian Finns cluster with Finns from Finland,
648:
90:accompanying your translation by providing an
56:Click for important translation instructions.
43:expand this article with text translated from
1777:
1421:
826:
443:
923:debate in Finland over the retention of the
1791:
930:In Estonia, the Ingrian Finns have enjoyed
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1770:
1428:
1414:
994:Category:People of Ingrian Finnish descent
710:First All-Union Census of the Soviet Union
157:
145:
1385:
1367:
1226:
1066:TE-palvelut, Työ- ja elinkeinoministeriö
988:Notable people of Ingrian Finnish descent
1252:"The Origins of Soviet Ethnic Cleansing"
972:. Their other mtDNA haplogroups include
863:
528:
1091:Ny bok skildrar ingermanländsk historia
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1249:
1243:
1206:
1200:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1163:
961:. Half of Ingrian Finns belong to the
1765:
1409:
1317:
1315:
1079:6-й финно-угорский конгресс в Шиофоке
940:Evangelical Lutheran Church of Ingria
533:Two main subgroups of Ingrian Finns:
1209:"The Dispersal of the Ingrian Finns"
670:occupation (1941–1944) during
182:Regions with significant populations
25:
1160:
739:along the borders with Finland and
13:
1444:Finns abroad and their descendants
1312:
1195:Inkeri. Historia, kansa, kulttuuri
14:
3508:
1127:
879: Izhorian villages (by 1943)
659:Deportations of the Ingrian Finns
1500:
1437:
885: Finnish villages (by 1943)
873: Votic villages (1848-2007)
825:
818:
626:Developments in the 19th century
322:
301:
280:
259:
238:
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199:
30:
1342:
1327:
1294:
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898:dissolution of the Soviet Union
717:collectivization of agriculture
16:Ethnicity in Finland and Russia
3497:Finland–Soviet Union relations
1932:Indigenous peoples of Dagestan
1149:
1138:
1109:
1098:
1083:
1072:
1057:
811:
554:, who originated from migrant
102:{{Translated|fi|Inkeriläiset}}
100:You may also add the template
1:
1260:The Journal of Modern History
1050:
655:Genocide of the Ingrian Finns
174:
649:Ingrians in the Soviet Union
484:in Russia), descending from
7:
998:
945:
689:and formed the independent
464:
10:
3513:
3487:Finland under Swedish rule
991:
705:as its official language.
652:
524:
519:
64:Machine translation, like
18:
3482:Social history of Finland
3403:
3328:
2814:
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2489:
2417:
2379:
2236:
2225:
1799:
1739:
1691:
1678:People of Finnish descent
1660:
1639:
1616:
1509:
1498:
1450:
1369:10.1186/s13059-018-1522-1
856:
737:restricted security zones
502:genocide of Ingrian Finns
480:(now the central part of
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186:
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45:the corresponding article
3492:Ethnic groups in Estonia
3477:Ethnic groups in Finland
691:Republic of North Ingria
19:Not to be confused with
1793:Ethnic groups in Russia
1290:(subscription required)
968:and 19.4 percent carry
111:For more guidance, see
1285: – via
1250:Martin, Terry (1998).
1207:Matley, Ian M (1979).
893:
541:
444:
439:
992:Further information:
925:Finnish Law of Return
867:
833:Kingisepp (Кингисепп)
780:Initially during the
588:among the indigenous
572:), then parts of the
532:
390:Related ethnic groups
384:Orthodox Christianity
113:Knowledge:Translation
84:copyright attribution
3329:Unrecognized peoples
2815:Other ethnic peoples
2125:Amur-Ussuri Cossacks
1134:Statistika andmebaas
891: Other villages
841:class=notpageimage|
795:Juho Kusti Paasikivi
679:Bolshevik revolution
468:), sometimes called
3404:Assimilated peoples
2020:Meadow-Eastern Mari
1321:Helsingin Sanomat:
1064:Paluumuutto Suomeen
786:Terijoki government
731:and other parts of
494:forced deportations
141:
3451:Siberian Bukharans
2610:Aukhovite Chechens
2562:Siberian Bukharans
1888:Aukhovite Chechens
1175:Kurs, Ott (1994).
1121:2012-05-01 at the
894:
847:, Russia, showing
564:, coming from the
542:
510:Russian Federation
445:inkerinsuomalaiset
129:
92:interlanguage link
3459:
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3086:Astrakhan Kazakhs
2810:
2809:
2569:Zabolotnie Tatars
2048:Northwestern Mari
1759:
1758:
980:(5.6 %) and
932:cultural autonomy
500:, and during the
496:before and after
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316:
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124:
123:
57:
53:
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3375:Crimean Italians
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3163:Meskhetian Turks
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3107:Sakhalin Koreans
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1304:. Archived from
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845:Leningrad Oblast
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791:Continuation War
727:, as well as to
683:Karelian Isthmus
632:Pietarin Sanomat
566:Karelian Isthmus
514:Saint Petersburg
482:Leningrad Oblast
467:
457:
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352:Ingrian dialects
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176:
169:Total population
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151:Flag of Ingrians
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128:
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97:
70:Google Translate
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34:
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26:
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2132:Baikal Cossacks
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1751:Nordic diaspora
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1128:
1123:Wayback Machine
1114:
1110:
1103:
1099:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1077:
1073:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1010:Kola Norwegians
1001:
996:
990:
976:(11.1 %),
948:
892:
888:
886:
882:
880:
876:
874:
870:
862:
861:
860:
843:
837:
836:
835:
834:
830:
814:
695:Treaty of Tartu
677:After the 1917
661:
653:Main articles:
651:
628:
616:Gulf of Finland
614:, north of the
590:Finnic-speaking
527:
522:
465:Ingermanlandtsy
399:
323:
321:
302:
300:
281:
279:
260:
258:
239:
237:
218:
216:
200:
198:
164:
152:
139:(part of Finns)
137:
135:
131:
127:
120:
119:
118:
101:
95:
58:
35:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3510:
3500:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3407:
3405:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3360:Astrakhan Jews
3357:
3352:
3347:
3346:
3345:
3332:
3330:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3276:
3275:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3232:
3231:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3136:
3131:
3130:
3129:
3117:
3112:
3111:
3110:
3103:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3041:
3040:
3028:
3027:
3026:
3019:
3007:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2949:
2948:
2945:Siberian Finns
2941:
2938:Murmansk Finns
2934:
2922:
2921:
2920:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2804:
2802:Tver Karelians
2799:
2793:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2755:
2754:
2747:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2704:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2596:
2594:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2565:
2558:
2551:
2544:
2537:
2525:
2520:
2519:
2518:
2506:
2501:
2495:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2423:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2385:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2347:
2346:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2315:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2242:
2240:
2231:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2191:
2172:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2144:
2143:
2142:
2139:Kuban Cossacks
2135:
2128:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2100:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2065:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2044:
2030:
2011:
2006:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1987:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1927:Crimean Tatars
1924:
1923:
1922:
1915:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1855:
1848:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1827:
1820:
1807:
1805:
1797:
1796:
1789:
1788:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1697:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1649:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1585:Murmansk Finns
1582:
1581:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1571:Siberian Finns
1568:
1563:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1506:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1433:
1432:
1425:
1418:
1410:
1402:
1401:
1356:Genome Biology
1341:
1326:
1311:
1308:on 2007-02-20.
1293:
1281:10.1086/235168
1273:10.1086/235168
1267:(4): 813–861.
1242:
1199:
1187:
1185:33.1, 107-113.
1159:
1148:
1137:
1126:
1108:
1097:
1082:
1071:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1047:
1045:Murmansk Finns
1042:
1037:
1035:Finland-Swedes
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1005:Siberian Finns
1000:
997:
989:
986:
984:(5.6 %).
947:
944:
887:
881:
875:
869:
839:
838:
832:
831:
824:
823:
817:
816:
815:
813:
810:
725:Kola Peninsula
666:rule, and the
650:
647:
627:
624:
620:Karelian Finns
608:Russian nobles
526:
523:
521:
518:
490:Swedish Empire
476:population of
454:Ингерманландцы
426:
425:
418:Siberian Finns
416:(particularly
392:
391:
387:
386:
376:
375:
371:
370:
344:
343:
339:
338:
332:
318:
317:
311:
297:
296:
290:
276:
275:
269:
255:
254:
248:
234:
233:
227:
213:
212:
209:
195:
194:
184:
183:
179:
178:
171:
170:
166:
165:
162:
154:
153:
150:
136:Ингерманландцы
125:
122:
121:
117:
116:
109:
98:
76:
73:
62:
59:
40:
39:
38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3509:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3472:Ingrian Finns
3470:
3469:
3467:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3402:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3385:Pontic Greeks
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3343:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3327:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3229:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3195:
3191:
3190:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3178:Mountain Jews
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3127:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3108:
3104:
3101:
3100:North Koreans
3097:
3096:
3095:
3092:
3087:
3083:
3082:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3038:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3029:
3024:
3023:Volga Germans
3020:
3017:
3013:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3005:Georgian Jews
3003:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2973:
2970:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2946:
2942:
2939:
2935:
2932:
2931:Ingrian Finns
2928:
2927:
2926:
2923:
2918:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2886:Bukharan Jews
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2849:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2813:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2752:
2748:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2714:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2589:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2570:
2566:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2555:Kalmak Tatars
2552:
2549:
2548:Eushta Tatars
2545:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2534:Baraba Tatars
2531:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2434:
2430:
2429:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2416:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2344:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2320:
2316:
2313:
2309:
2308:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2210:
2206:
2203:
2202:Mishar Tatars
2199:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2181:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2149:
2145:
2140:
2136:
2133:
2129:
2126:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2089:
2084:
2080:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2070:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2034:Mountain Mari
2031:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1913:
1909:
1908:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1837:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1803:nationalities
1798:
1794:
1787:
1782:
1780:
1775:
1773:
1768:
1767:
1764:
1752:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1503:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1480:United States
1478:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1440:
1431:
1426:
1424:
1419:
1417:
1412:
1411:
1408:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1345:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1307:
1303:
1297:
1288:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1261:
1253:
1246:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1214:Slavic Review
1210:
1203:
1196:
1191:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1157:
1152:
1146:
1141:
1135:
1130:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1112:
1106:
1101:
1092:
1086:
1080:
1075:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
995:
985:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
964:
960:
956:
952:
943:
941:
936:
933:
928:
926:
920:
917:
915:
914:Law of Return
911:
907:
903:
899:
866:
854:
850:
846:
842:
821:
809:
807:
802:
800:
799:Urho Kekkonen
796:
792:
787:
783:
778:
775:
772:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
713:
711:
706:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
687:Soviet Russia
685:seceded from
684:
680:
675:
673:
669:
665:
660:
656:
646:
644:
639:
637:
633:
623:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
600:
598:
594:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
574:Swedish realm
571:
568:(mostly from
567:
563:
562:
557:
553:
552:
547:
540:
536:
531:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
470:Ingrian Finns
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3173:Montenegrins
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2861:Azerbaijanis
2690:Azerbaijanis
2175:Volga Tatars
2162:Tozhu Tuvans
2004:Komi-Permyak
1692:
1601:Tornedalians
1597:Forest Finns
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1529:Forest Finns
1359:
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1336:Archived at
1329:
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1094:(in Swedish)
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1068:(in Finnish)
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1030:Sweden Finns
1020:Tornedalians
966:haplogroup H
949:
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733:Central Asia
721:East Karelia
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576:. They were
559:
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506:Soviet Union
498:World War II
469:
440:inkeriläiset
431:
429:
412:, and other
397:Baltic Finns
133:inkeriläiset
132:
126:Ethnic group
88:edit summary
79:
50:
42:
3355:Armeno-Tats
3272:Ural Swedes
3158:Macedonians
3153:Lithuanians
2990:Mingrelians
2866:Belarusians
2848:Cherkesogai
2711: [
2541:Chat Tatars
2037: [
2023: [
1673:Expatriates
1652:New Zealand
1627: [
1608:Switzerland
1543: [
1520: [
1221:(1): 1–16.
951:Autosomally
812:Present day
765:Cherepovets
749:Valkeasaari
745:Ural region
612:Old Finland
400:Especially
380:Lutheranism
52:(June 2023)
3466:Categories
3315:Vietnamese
3300:Ukrainians
3228:Ruska Roma
3202:Pakistanis
3188:Norwegians
3145:Latgalians
3055:Hungarians
3016:Mennonites
2881:Bulgarians
2764:Tabasarans
2281:Kamchadals
2227:Indigenous
1996:Izhma Komi
1942:Kabardians
1661:Categories
1561:Äyrämöiset
1362:(1): 139.
1182:GeoJournal
1051:References
1025:Skogfinner
789:after the
782:Winter War
729:Kazakhstan
602:After the
586:conversion
561:Äyrämöiset
535:Äyrämöiset
472:, are the
288:Kazakhstan
47:in Finnish
3446:Pumpokols
3441:Meshchera
3261:Spaniards
3236:Romanians
3168:Moldovans
3115:Krymchaks
3050:Hamshenis
2969:Adjarians
2963:Georgians
2911:Estonians
2856:Assyrians
2842:Armenians
2832:Americans
2797:Besermyan
2708:Kubachins
2650:Chamalals
2635:Bagvalals
2504:Kumandins
2433:Hamnigans
2389:Izhorians
2381:Northwest
2351:Nganasans
2343:Khandeyar
2238:Far North
2209:Nağaybäks
2195:Kryashens
2091:Ossetians
2083:Khandeyar
1957:Karelians
1952:Karachays
1852:Telengits
1824:Natukhajs
1716:Livonians
1711:Karelians
1706:Izhorians
1701:Estonians
1668:Emigrants
1647:Australia
1458:Argentina
1378:1474-760X
1015:Karelians
955:Karelians
896:From the
857:Кингисепп
849:Kingisepp
715:In 1928,
643:Petrograd
597:Izhorians
556:Savonians
492:. In the
459:romanized
410:Estonians
402:Izhorians
342:Languages
106:talk page
21:Izhorians
3395:Sireniki
3336:Africans
3285:Turkmens
3256:Slovenes
3212:Persians
3139:Latvians
3070:Japanese
3065:Italians
2871:Bosniaks
2779:Tsakhurs
2751:Karagash
2744:Ak Nogai
2675:Khwarshi
2655:Godoberi
2645:Botlikhs
2620:Akhvakhs
2592:Dagestan
2582:Tofalars
2499:Kamasins
2451:Negidals
2419:Far East
2404:Vepsians
2366:Yukaghir
2306:Alyutors
2276:Itelmens
2251:Chukchis
2118:Cossacks
2112:Russians
2056:Mordvins
1912:Besleney
1906:Cherkess
1882:Chechens
1872:Bashkirs
1859:Tubalars
1845:Chelkans
1839:Altaians
1831:Shapsugs
1817:Bzhedugs
1743:See also
1726:Vepsians
1683:Refugees
1556:Ingrians
1490:Findians
1473:Findians
1451:Americas
1396:30241495
1119:Archived
999:See also
963:maternal
959:Vepsians
946:Genetics
753:Lempaala
578:Lutheran
546:Izhorian
486:Lutheran
432:Ingrians
374:Religion
364:Estonian
130:Ingrians
82:provide
3411:Agrzhan
3390:Qaratay
3380:Korlaks
3320:Yazidis
3310:Uyghurs
3251:Slovaks
3207:Pamiris
3126:Kurmanj
3094:Koreans
3080:Kazakhs
3060:Indians
3010:Germans
2976:Ingiloy
2906:Dungans
2876:Britons
2827:Afghans
2733:Lezgins
2701:Kaitags
2695:Dargins
2670:Karatas
2665:Hunzibs
2660:Hinukhs
2640:Bezhtas
2600:Abazins
2577:Teleuts
2491:Siberia
2409:Votians
2356:Selkups
2301:Koryaks
2266:Dolgans
2261:Chuvans
2256:Chulyms
2229:peoples
2170:Udmurts
2062:Mokshas
1975:Abugach
1968:Koibals
1947:Kalmyks
1901:Chuvash
1896:Chukchi
1877:Buryats
1867:Balkars
1801:Titular
1731:Votians
1693:Related
1640:Oceania
1576:Korlaks
1566:Savakot
1387:6151024
1237:2497223
910:Finland
906:Estonia
853:Russian
806:Estonia
741:Estonia
723:or the
703:Finnish
699:Toksova
604:Russian
582:Swedish
570:Äyräpää
551:Savakot
539:Savakot
525:Origins
520:History
474:Finnish
461::
450:Russian
436:Finnish
422:Korlaks
368:Russian
356:Ingrian
348:Finnish
330:Belarus
309:Estonia
267:Ukraine
229:20,300
207:Finland
188:Finland
104:to the
86:in the
49:.
3431:Muroma
3365:Buzava
3305:Uzbeks
3280:Tajiks
3266:Swedes
3241:Rusyns
3134:Kyrgyz
3031:Greeks
2958:Gagauz
2953:French
2901:Czechs
2896:Cubans
2822:Abkhaz
2769:Talysh
2759:Rutuls
2738:Nogais
2723:Kumyks
2680:Tindis
2630:Archis
2605:Aghuls
2523:Soyots
2461:Orochs
2456:Nivkhs
2427:Evenks
2371:Yupiks
2337:Nenets
2332:Naukan
2319:Karaga
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2286:Kereks
2246:Aleuts
2217:Yakuts
2180:Tatars
2156:Tuvans
2148:Pomors
2097:Digors
2077:Nenets
2069:Erzyas
1985:Khanty
1962:Khakas
1937:Ingush
1919:Ademey
1811:Adyghe
1592:Sweden
1540:Russia
1517:Norway
1510:Europe
1468:Canada
1463:Brazil
1394:
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902:Russia
889:
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668:German
664:Soviet
636:Vyborg
558:; and
478:Ingria
395:Other
336:(2009)
327:
315:(2011)
306:
294:(2009)
285:
273:(2001)
264:
252:(2008)
250:4,500
246:Sweden
243:
231:(2010)
225:Russia
222:
211:25,000
204:
192:Russia
177:50,000
3436:Merya
3426:Kotts
3416:Asans
3350:Ainus
3290:Turks
3246:Serbs
3217:Poles
3183:Mugat
3120:Kurds
3037:Urums
2997:Svans
2925:Finns
2917:Setos
2837:Arabs
2789:Other
2715:]
2625:Andis
2615:Avars
2509:Shors
2481:Ulchs
2476:Udege
2466:Oroks
2446:Nanai
2441:Evens
2399:Setos
2361:Yughs
2327:Mansi
2312:Apuka
2271:Enets
2104:Irons
2041:]
2027:]
2009:Mansi
1747:Finns
1631:]
1624:Japan
1551:]
1533:Kvens
1524:]
1287:JSTOR
1277:JSTOR
1255:(PDF)
1233:JSTOR
1040:Kvens
757:Vuole
593:Votes
414:Finns
406:Votes
360:Votic
66:DeepL
3421:Chud
3295:Udis
3222:Roma
3075:Jews
2774:Tats
2728:Laks
2685:Tsez
2394:Sámi
2291:Kets
2178:(as
2014:Mari
1990:Komi
1749:and
1721:Sámi
1617:Asia
1485:list
1392:PMID
1374:ISSN
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