331:
308:
230:
205:
2476:
2424:. Upon IFNG binding the receptor, IFNGR1 and IFNGR2 undergo conformational changes that result in the autophosphorylation and activation of JAK1 and JAK2. This leads to a signaling cascade and eventual transcription of target genes. The expression of 236 different genes has been linked to type II IFN-mediated signaling. The proteins expressed by type II IFN-mediated signaling are primarily involved in promoting inflammatory immune responses and regulating other cell-mediated immune responses, such as
6865:
6895:
6880:
582:
2393:
17 amino acids lie two clusters of basic amino acids termed D1 and D2, respectively. Heparan sulfate interacts with both of these clusters. In the absence of heparan sulfate the presence of the D1 sequence increases the rate at which IFNG-receptor complexes form. Interactions between the D1 cluster of amino acids and the receptor may be the first step in complex formation. By binding to D1 HS may compete with the receptor and prevent active receptor complexes from forming.
337:
236:
3046:, which are responsible for silencing immune responses against pathogens, preventing the deactivation of the immune cells involved in the killing of the tumor cells. Type II IFN prevents tumor cell division by directly acting on the tumor cells, which results in increased expression of proteins that inhibit the tumor cells from continuing through the cell cycle (i.e., cell cycle arrest). Type II IFN can also prevent tumor growth by indirectly acting on
10180:
2340:
1529:
10192:
2917:
that the release contained false and misleading statements. InterMune's chief executive, Scott
Harkonen, was accused of manipulating the trial data, was convicted in 2009 of wire fraud, and was sentenced to fines and community service. Harkonen appealed his conviction to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, and lost. Harkonen was granted a full pardon on January 20, 2021.
2306:
2322:
42:
3058:
The importance of type II IFN in cancer immunotherapy has been acknowledged; current research is studying the effects of type II IFN on cancer, both as a solo form of treatment and as a form of treatment to be administered alongside other anticancer drugs. But type II IFN has not been approved by the
2392:
The structural models shown in figures 1-3 for IFNG are all shortened at their C-termini by 17 amino acids. Full length IFNG is 143 amino acids long, the models are 126 amino acids long. Affinity for heparan sulfate resides solely within the deleted sequence of 17 amino acids. Within this sequence of
2867:
In humans, elevated levels of IFN gamma have been associated with increased risk of miscarriage. Correlation studies have observed high IFNG levels in women with a history of spontaneous miscarriage, when compared to women with no history of spontaneous miscarriage. Additionally, low-IFNG levels are
2916:
It was not approved to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In 2002, the manufacturer InterMune issued a press release saying that phase III data demonstrated survival benefit in IPF and reduced mortality by 70% in patients with mild to moderate disease. The U.S. Department of
Justice charged
2961:
is to trigger an immune response by the patient's immune cells to attack and kill malignant (cancer-causing) tumor cells. Type II IFN deficiency has been linked to several types of cancer, including B-cell lymphoma and lung cancer. Furthermore, it has been found that in patients receiving the drug
3067:. This is most likely due to the fact that while type II IFN is involved in antitumor immunity, some of its functions may enhance the progression of a cancer. When type II IFN acts on tumor cells, it may induce the expression of a transmembrane protein known as programmed death-ligand 1 (
2891:, marketed as ACTIMMUNE®, however, the resulting product of the prokaryotic expression system is not glycosylated with a short half-life in the bloodstream after injection; the purification process from bacterial expression system is also very costly. Other expression systems like
68:
2974:
had higher response rates to the drug, and the drug stunted the progression of both types of cancer for a longer duration of time. Thus, promoting the upregulation of type II IFN has been proven to be a crucial part in creating effective cancer immunotherapy treatments.
3122:
resistant herpes have shown that IFNG treatment can significantly reduce herpes viral load. The mechanism by which IFNG inhibits herpes reproduction is independent of T-cells, which means that IFNG may be an effective treatment in individuals with low T-cells.
2828:
1 helper cells aggregate around the macrophages and release IFNG, which activates the macrophages. Further activation of macrophages causes a cycle of further killing of intracellular bacteria, and further presentation of antigens to
2884:
Recombinant human IFNG, as an expensive biopharmaceutical, has been expressed in different expression systems including prokaryotic, protozoan, fungal (yeasts), plant, insect and mammalian cells. Human IFNG is commonly expressed in
2944:
IFNG increases an anti-proliferative state in cancer cells, while upregulating MHC I and MHC II expression, which increases immunorecognition and removal of pathogenic cells. IFNG also reduces metastasis in tumors by upregulating
2257:
Type II IFN is a cytokine, meaning it functions by signaling to other cells in the immune system and influencing their immune response. There are many immune cells type II IFN acts on. Some of its main functions are to induce
3153:: miR-29. Furthermore, there is evidence that interferon-gamma expression is regulated via GAPDH in T-cells. This interaction takes place in the 3'UTR, where binding of GAPDH prevents the translation of the mRNA sequence.
6592:
Dessein A, Kouriba B, Eboumbou C, Dessein H, Argiro L, Marquet S, et al. (October 2004). "Interleukin-13 in the skin and interferon-gamma in the liver are key players in immune protection in human schistosomiasis".
344:
243:
2543:
in early innate immune response, and an important paracrine signal in adaptive immune response. The expression of IFNG is induced by the cytokines IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and type I IFN. IFNG is the only Type II
2301:
consists of a core of six α-helices and an extended unfolded sequence in the C-terminal region. This is shown in the structural models below. The α-helices in the core of the structure are numbered 1 to 6.
5715:
Razaghi A, Villacrés C, Jung V, Mashkour N, Butler M, Owens L, et al. (October 2017). "Improved therapeutic efficacy of mammalian expressed-recombinant interferon gamma against ovarian cancer cells".
2928:
has found no beneficial effects in short-term (< 6-months) treatment. However, researchers in Turkey have discovered significant improvements in patients' gait and stance after 6 months of treatment.
2468:. The STAT1-STAT1 homodimers can then enter the cell nucleus. They then initiate transcription by binding to gamma interferon activation site (GAS) elements, which are located in the promoter region of
2491:) which phosphorylates the amino acid serine in STAT1 transcription factors. The phosphorylation of the serine in STAT1-STAT1 homodimers are essential for the full transcription process to occur.
2800:
The key association between IFNG and granulomas is that IFNG activates macrophages so that they become more powerful in killing intracellular organisms. Activation of macrophages by IFNG from T
2408:
IFNG binds to the type II cell-surface receptor, also known as the IFN gamma receptor (IFNGR) which is part of the class II cytokine receptor family. The IFNGR is composed of two subunits: the
5555:"Tumor microenvironment gene expression profiles associated to complete pathological response and disease progression in resectable NSCLC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy"
2555:
IFNG has antiviral, immunoregulatory, and anti-tumor properties. It alters transcription in up to 30 genes producing a variety of physiological and cellular responses. Among the effects are:
4813:
Berkowitz RS, Hill JA, Kurtz CB, Anderson DJ (January 1988). "Effects of products of activated leukocytes (lymphokines and monokines) on the growth of malignant trophoblast cells in vitro".
7355:
4521:
Mukhopadhyay S, Farver CF, Vaszar LT, Dempsey OJ, Popper HH, Mani H, et al. (January 2012). "Causes of pulmonary granulomas: a retrospective study of 500 cases from seven countries".
2856:. This remodeling aids in the development of the placenta as it invades the uterus in its quest for nutrients. IFNG knockout mice fail to initiate normal pregnancy-induced modification of
7318:
3050:
lining the blood vessels close to the site of the tumor, cutting off blood flow to the tumor cells and thus the supply of necessary resources for tumor cell survival and proliferation.
2936:. Specifically, recombinant IFNG therapy has shown promise in patients with lowered IFNG expression, such as those with predisposition to herpes simplex virus, and pediatric patients.
2464:
transcription factors. The tyrosines are phosphorylated at a very specific location, allowing activated STAT1 proteins to interact with each other come together to form STAT1-STAT1
2745:
is the body's way of dealing with a substance it cannot remove or sterilize. Infectious causes of granulomas (infections are typically the most common cause of granulomas) include
6688:
Chiba H, Kojima T, Osanai M, Sawada N (January 2006). "The significance of interferon-gamma-triggered internalization of tight-junction proteins in inflammatory bowel disease".
2318:
The biologically active dimer is formed by anti-parallel inter-locking of the two monomers as shown below. In the cartoon model, one monomer is shown in red, the other in blue.
4851:
Razaghi A, Owens L, Heimann K (December 2016). "Review of the recombinant human interferon gamma as an immunotherapeutic: Impacts of production platforms and glycosylation".
3000:
study of IFNG in cancer cells is more extensive and results indicate anti-proliferative activity of IFNG leading to the growth inhibition or cell death, generally induced by
9179:
4723:"Interferon gamma contributes to initiation of uterine vascular modification, decidual integrity, and uterine natural killer cell maturation during normal murine pregnancy"
2047:
Through cell signaling, interferon gamma plays a role in regulating the immune response of its target cell. A key signaling pathway that is activated by type II IFN is the
3034:
Type II IFN enhances Th1 cell, cytotoxic T cell, and APC activities, which results in an enhanced immune response against the malignant tumor cells, leading to tumor cell
3137:
that inhibits chlamydial proliferation. In both the human and rodent systems, chlamydia has evolved mechanisms to circumvent the negative effects of host cell behavior.
2913:. The mechanism by which IFNG benefits CGD is via enhancing the efficacy of neutrophils against catalase-positive bacteria by correcting patients' oxidative metabolism.
1641:
9325:
3889:
Ealick SE, Cook WJ, Vijay-Kumar S, Carson M, Nagabhushan TL, Trotta PP, et al. (May 1991). "Three-dimensional structure of recombinant human interferon-gamma".
2456:
One key pathway triggered by IFNG binding IFNGRs is the Janus Kinase and Signal
Transducer and Activator of Transcription pathway, more commonly referred to as the
4337:
Konjević GM, Vuletić AM, Mirjačić Martinović KM, Larsen AK, Jurišić VB (May 2019). "The role of cytokines in the regulation of NK cells in the tumor environment".
5089:
2994:. On the contrary, it was stressed: "Interferon-γ secreted by CD8-positive lymphocytes upregulates PD-L1 on ovarian cancer cells and promotes tumour growth." The
9174:
9109:
6864:
1728:
9605:
7687:
6894:
5369:
Hanifin JM, Schneider LC, Leung DY, Ellis CN, Jaffe HS, Izu AE, et al. (February 1993). "Recombinant interferon gamma therapy for atopic dermatitis".
2949:, which negatively impacts tumor architecture. Increased IFNG mRNA levels in tumors at diagnosis has been associated to better responses to immunotherapy.
9244:
1260:
166:
9259:
1957:
1241:
9315:
9209:
6035:"Beta interferon plus gamma interferon efficiently reduces acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus infection in mice in a T-cell-independent manner"
5334:
Schneider LC, Baz Z, Zarcone C, Zurakowski D (March 1998). "Long-term therapy with recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) for atopic dermatitis".
1997:. The existence of this interferon, which early in its history was known as immune interferon, was described by E. F. Wheelock as a product of human
4046:"The heparan sulfate binding sequence of interferon-gamma increased the on rate of the interferon-gamma-interferon-gamma receptor complex formation"
10017:
9341:
8498:
7606:
9803:
6879:
9224:
9219:
9214:
9204:
2797:, and aspiration of food and other particulate material into the lung. The infectious pathophysiology of granulomas is discussed primarily here.
4933:
Todd PA, Goa KL (January 1992). "Interferon gamma-1b. A review of its pharmacology and therapeutic potential in chronic granulomatous disease".
3133:, which in turn depletes tryptophan in hosts and impedes chlamydia's reproduction. Additionally, in rodent epithelial cells, IFNG upregulates a
9478:
9336:
9305:
9269:
2615:
2396:
The biological significance of heparan sulfates interaction with IFNG is unclear; however, binding of the D1 cluster to HS may protect it from
10245:
9391:
9356:
8570:
3349:
Green JA, Cooperband SR, Kibrick S (June 1969). "Immune specific induction of interferon production in cultures of human blood lymphocytes".
3229:
3146:
2812:
maturation caused by mycobacteria (to stay alive inside macrophages). The first steps in IFNG-induced granuloma formation are activation of T
2790:
1696:
3211:
10128:
9823:
9432:
9422:
9412:
9346:
9295:
6362:"Human interferon-gamma mRNA autoregulates its translation through a pseudoknot that activates the interferon-inducible protein kinase PKR"
10057:
10047:
10037:
9974:
9699:
9402:
10205:
10052:
9969:
9934:
9679:
9451:
9184:
9102:
7525:
6534:
Ikeda H, Old LJ, Schreiber RD (April 2002). "The roles of IFN gamma in protection against tumor development and cancer immunoediting".
1467:
6244:"The p47 GTPases Igtp and Irgb10 map to the Chlamydia trachomatis susceptibility locus Ctrq-3 and mediate cellular resistance in mice"
3103:
Interferon gamma has been shown to be a crucial player in the immune response against some intracellular pathogens, including that of
2872:, which leads to miscarriage. However, causal research on the relationship between IFNG and miscarriage has not been performed due to
1460:
9994:
9169:
6563:
Chesler DA, Reiss CS (December 2002). "The role of IFN-gamma in immune responses to viral infections of the central nervous system".
2932:
Although not officially approved, Interferon gamma has also been shown to be effective in treating patients with moderate to severe
2132:
4770:
Micallef A, Grech N, Farrugia F, Schembri-Wismayer P, Calleja-Agius J (January 2014). "The role of interferons in early pregnancy".
2472:(ISGs) that express for antiviral effector proteins, as well as positive and negative regulators of type II IFN signaling pathways.
2095:, binds to different receptors, and is encoded by a separate chromosomal locus. Type II IFN has played a role in the development of
9794:
9783:
9759:
9249:
6935:
3118:
that HSV relies upon for transport into an infected cell's nucleus, inhibiting the ability of HSV to replicate. Studies in mice on
9628:
8574:
4294:
Schroder K, Hertzog PJ, Ravasi T, Hume DA (February 2004). "Interferon-gamma: an overview of signals, mechanisms and functions".
3783:
3498:
2071:. The expression of type II IFN is upregulated and downregulated by cytokines. By activating signaling pathways in cells such as
4087:"NMR characterization of the interaction between the C-terminal domain of interferon-gamma and heparin-derived oligosaccharides"
9138:
8969:
6158:
Rottenberg ME, Gigliotti-Rothfuchs A, Wigzell H (August 2002). "The role of IFN-gamma in the outcome of chlamydial infection".
5011:
Errante PR, Frazão JB, Condino-Neto A (November 2008). "The use of interferon-gamma therapy in chronic granulomatous disease".
2925:
5894:"Investigations of seborrheic dermatitis. Part I. The role of selected cytokines in the pathogenesis of seborrheic dermatitis"
10225:
9285:
9095:
7571:
7469:
6844:
6524:
3814:
1589:
5553:
Casarrubios M, Provencio M, Nadal E, Insa A, del
Rosario García-Campelo M, Lázaro-Quintela M, et al. (September 2022).
3194:
1964:
1661:
936:
positive regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation involved in immune response
9417:
65:
5761:"Observation of an unexpected third receptor molecule in the crystal structure of human interferon-gamma receptor complex"
3953:"Observation of an unexpected third receptor molecule in the crystal structure of human interferon-gamma receptor complex"
7994:
7702:
3173:
9149:
4976:
Key LL, Ries WL, Rodriguiz RM, Hatcher HC (July 1992). "Recombinant human interferon gamma therapy for osteopetrosis".
3994:"Cross-regulation of signaling pathways by interferon-gamma: implications for immune responses and autoimmune diseases"
17:
6123:
Khanna KM, Lepisto AJ, Decman V, Hendricks RL (August 2004). "Immune control of herpes simplex virus during latency".
4139:"Interferon-gamma binds to heparan sulfate by a cluster of amino acids located in the C-terminal part of the molecule"
3071:), which allows the tumor cells to evade an attack from immune cells. Type II IFN-mediated signaling may also promote
2385:(HS) at the cell surface. However, in contrast to many other heparan sulfate binding proteins, where binding promotes
330:
10103:
8860:
6995:
5046:
Silverman E (September 2013). "Drug
Marketing. The line between scientific uncertainty and promotion of snake oil".
7486:
2786:
307:
2852:, such as IFNG in mice. IFNG dilates and thins the walls of maternal spiral arteries to enhance blood flow to the
8390:
7920:
4566:"IFN-γ primes macrophage activation by increasing phosphatase and tensin homolog via downregulation of miR-3473b"
3198:
3177:
2247:
1761:
7949:
6076:"Alpha/Beta interferon and gamma interferon synergize to inhibit the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1"
9814:
9516:
7518:
4382:"Tissue-Specific Macrophage Responses to Remote Injury Impact the Outcome of Subsequent Local Immune Challenge"
2262:
2030:
1305:
5406:"Recent considerations in the use of recombinant interferon gamma for biological therapy of atopic dermatitis"
4431:"Induction of Autonomous Memory Alveolar Macrophages Requires T Cell Help and Is Critical to Trained Immunity"
3298:
Wheelock EF (July 1965). "Interferon-Like Virus-Inhibitor
Induced in Human Leukocytes by Phytohemagglutinin".
2671:
1 cells secrete IFNG, which in turn causes more undifferentiated CD4 cells (Th0 cells) to differentiate into T
1649:
8167:
6913:
2967:
2906:
2362:
Cellular responses to IFNG are activated through its interaction with a heterodimeric receptor consisting of
229:
204:
2183:-specific immunity develops as part of the adaptive immune response. IFNG is also produced by non-cytotoxic
1286:
10118:
6928:
5800:
Kotenko SV, Izotova LS, Pollack BP, Mariano TM, Donnelly RJ, Muthukumaran G, et al. (September 1995).
3797:
Schoenborn JR, Wilson CB (2007). "Regulation of
Interferon-γ During Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses".
3060:
2845:
1834:
146:
4888:"Is Pichia pastoris a realistic platform for industrial production of recombinant human interferon gamma?"
1883:
9003:
8553:
8328:
4429:
Yao Y, Jeyanathan M, Haddadi S, Barra NG, Vaseghi-Shanjani M, Damjanovic D, et al. (November 2018).
3130:
3092:
3088:
3084:
2971:
2824:
in the presence of intracellular pathogens, and presentation of antigens from those pathogens. Next the T
2413:
2409:
2367:
2363:
5252:"Efficacy and Tolerability of Interferon Gamma in Treatment of Friedreich's Ataxia: Retrospective Study"
2460:. In the JAK-STAT pathway, activated JAK1 and JAK2 proteins regulate the phosphorylation of tyrosine in
10170:
10108:
9750:
9036:
8838:
8548:
5113:
Wells M, Seyer L, Schadt K, Lynch DR (December 2015). "IFN-γ for
Friedreich ataxia: present evidence".
3129:
infection is impacted by IFNG in host cells. In human epithelial cells, IFNG upregulates expression of
2469:
2457:
2375:
2048:
2026:
1645:
343:
242:
6811:
6630:
Joseph AM, Kumar M, Mitra D (January 2005). "Nef: "necessary and enforcing factor" in HIV infection".
10240:
9709:
8957:
8642:
7817:
7563:
7511:
6837:
2853:
2484:
2357:
1602:
336:
235:
6739:
133:
10230:
8992:
8419:
8395:
6968:
6804:
2445:
2285:
expression. IL-12 in turn promotes the secretion of IFNG by NK cells and Th1 cells, and it signals
2136:
2088:
154:
5666:
Abiko K, Matsumura N, Hamanishi J, Horikawa N, Murakami R, Yamaguchi K, et al. (April 2015).
9462:
9158:
7987:
7682:
7474:
6921:
3683:
Bhat MY, Solanki HS, Advani J, Khan AA, Keshava Prasad TS, Gowda H, et al. (December 2018).
3149:. There is also evidence that interferon-gamma is regulated either directly or indirectly by the
2540:
2274:
2203:
1686:
6242:
Bernstein-Hanley I, Coers J, Balsara ZR, Taylor GA, Starnbach MN, Dietrich WF (September 2006).
5759:
Thiel DJ, le Du MH, Walter RL, D'Arcy A, Chène C, Fountoulakis M, et al. (September 2000).
4674:"Th1-Th2 polarisation and autophagy in the control of intracellular mycobacteria by macrophages"
3951:
Thiel DJ, le Du MH, Walter RL, D'Arcy A, Chène C, Fountoulakis M, et al. (September 2000).
2552:
distinct from Type I interferons; it is acid-labile, while the type I variants are acid-stable.
1443:
1422:
1396:
1375:
9847:
8320:
7576:
7089:
6734:
6458:
Chang CH, Curtis JD, Maggi LB, Faubert B, Villarino AV, O'Sullivan D, et al. (June 2013).
6195:"Relationship between interferon-gamma, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, and tryptophan catabolism"
2921:
2868:
associated with women who successfully carry to term. It is possible that IFNG is cytotoxic to
2706:
2676:
2622:
in addition possibly to the direct upregulation of MHC heavy chains and B2-microglobulin itself
2056:
6800:
6659:
Copeland KF (December 2005). "Modulation of HIV-1 transcription by cytokines and chemokines".
3402:"Release of virus inhibitor from tuberculin-sensitized peritoneal cells stimulated by antigen"
9659:
9654:
7859:
7678:
7669:
7421:
7370:
7226:
4380:
Hoyer FF, Naxerova K, Schloss MJ, Hulsmans M, Nair AV, Dutta P, et al. (November 2019).
3020:, improves its therapeutic efficacy compared to the unglycosylated form that is expressed in
2578:
2508:
2500:
2164:
218:
5668:"IFN-γ from lymphocytes induces PD-L1 expression and promotes progression of ovarian cancer"
5299:
Akhavan A, Rudikoff D (June 2008). "Atopic dermatitis: systemic immunosuppressive therapy".
4615:"Interferon gamma activated macrophages kill mycobacteria by nitric oxide induced apoptosis"
9774:
9610:
8846:
7692:
7365:
7222:
6830:
6314:
6255:
4672:
Harris J, Master SS, De Haro SA, Delgado M, Roberts EA, Hope JC, et al. (March 2009).
4626:
4150:
3898:
3847:
3358:
3307:
3256:
3111:
2979:
2958:
2782:
2397:
2277:; induce CD8 cytotoxic T cell differentiation, activation, and proliferation; and activate
2184:
2096:
2052:
1843:
1787:
1628:
6301:
Nelson DE, Virok DP, Wood H, Roshick C, Johnson RM, Whitmire WM, et al. (July 2005).
5986:"Microtubule-mediated transport of incoming herpes simplex virus 1 capsids to the nucleus"
5197:
Lynch DR, Hauser L, McCormick A, Wells M, Dong YN, McCormack S, et al. (March 2019).
4211:
174:
8:
9725:
9615:
9507:
8688:
7812:
7697:
7351:
7314:
7066:
3013:
2386:
2195:
2160:
2124:
2120:
2064:
2029:. Those reports also contained the basic observation underlying the now widely employed
1778:
7262:
6318:
6259:
5148:
Seyer L, Greeley N, Foerster D, Strawser C, Gelbard S, Dong Y, et al. (July 2015).
4630:
4154:
3902:
3851:
3362:
3311:
3260:
1706:
1533:
Crystal structure of a biologically active single chain mutant of human interferon gamma
10235:
9639:
9634:
9600:
9595:
9541:
9129:
9121:
8855:
8812:
8727:
8434:
7980:
7915:
7893:
7871:
7726:
7721:
7674:
7665:
7416:
6760:
6748:
6713:
6618:
6484:
6459:
6435:
6411:"MicroRNA targets in immune genes and the Dicer/Argonaute and ARE machinery components"
6410:
6391:
6337:
6302:
6278:
6243:
6224:
6091:
6010:
5985:
5961:
5934:
5869:
5842:
5741:
5692:
5667:
5643:
5618:
5589:
5554:
5530:
5503:
5484:
5430:
5405:
5276:
5251:
5227:
5198:
5179:
5071:
4958:
4915:
4795:
4747:
4722:
4698:
4673:
4649:
4614:
4595:
4546:
4498:
4471:
4406:
4381:
4362:
4319:
4271:
4244:
4220:
4195:
4176:
4111:
4086:
4018:
3993:
3871:
3760:
3733:
3709:
3684:
3653:
3626:
3602:
3541:
3516:
3475:
3450:
3431:
3382:
3331:
3280:
2774:
2762:
2607:
2441:
2140:
2084:
2002:
178:
6725:
Tellides G, Pober JS (March 2007). "Interferon-gamma axis in graft arteriosclerosis".
6576:
6547:
6378:
6361:
6171:
6100:
6075:
5777:
5760:
5347:
4989:
4903:
3969:
3952:
3806:
2982:. However, improved survival was observed when IFNG was administered to patients with
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
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1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
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1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
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920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
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865:
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855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
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820:
815:
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805:
800:
795:
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785:
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735:
730:
726:
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 11 production
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
633:
628:
623:
10067:
9118:
8719:
8338:
8204:
6789:
6780:
6752:
6705:
6676:
6647:
6610:
6606:
6580:
6551:
6520:
6513:
6489:
6440:
6383:
6342:
6283:
6216:
6175:
6140:
6105:
6056:
6015:
5966:
5915:
5874:
5823:
5782:
5733:
5697:
5648:
5594:
5535:
5476:
5435:
5386:
5382:
5351:
5316:
5281:
5232:
5183:
5171:
5130:
5063:
5028:
4993:
4950:
4946:
4907:
4868:
4830:
4826:
4799:
4787:
4752:
4703:
4654:
4587:
4538:
4503:
4452:
4411:
4354:
4311:
4276:
4225:
4168:
4163:
4138:
4116:
4067:
4023:
3974:
3941:
3914:
3863:
3820:
3810:
3765:
3714:
3658:
3594:
3546:
3532:
3480:
3423:
3374:
3323:
3272:
3043:
2991:
2983:
2933:
2794:
2379:
2235:
2148:
2112:
2092:
1720:
1636:
1594:
126:
58:
6717:
6622:
6395:
6228:
5745:
5488:
5075:
4962:
4919:
4599:
4550:
4366:
4323:
4180:
3435:
3386:
3247:
Gray PW, Goeddel DV (August 1982). "Structure of the human immune interferon gene".
2083:, it is able to promote inflammation, antiviral or antibacterial activity, and cell
1557:
9649:
9644:
9532:
9189:
8952:
8509:
8343:
7954:
7939:
7623:
6873:: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF A BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SINGLE CHAIN MUTANT OF HUMAN IFN-GAMMA
6744:
6697:
6668:
6639:
6602:
6572:
6543:
6479:
6471:
6430:
6422:
6373:
6332:
6322:
6273:
6263:
6206:
6167:
6132:
6095:
6087:
6046:
6005:
5997:
5956:
5946:
5905:
5864:
5854:
5813:
5772:
5725:
5687:
5679:
5638:
5630:
5584:
5574:
5566:
5525:
5515:
5466:
5425:
5417:
5378:
5343:
5308:
5271:
5263:
5222:
5214:
5161:
5122:
5055:
5020:
4985:
4942:
4899:
4860:
4822:
4779:
4742:
4734:
4693:
4685:
4644:
4634:
4577:
4530:
4493:
4483:
4442:
4401:
4393:
4346:
4303:
4266:
4256:
4215:
4207:
4158:
4106:
4098:
4057:
4013:
4005:
3964:
3906:
3875:
3855:
3802:
3755:
3745:
3704:
3696:
3648:
3638:
3606:
3584:
3536:
3528:
3470:
3462:
3413:
3366:
3335:
3315:
3284:
3264:
3022:
2887:
2696:
2611:
2528:
2504:
2429:
2371:
2259:
2199:
2176:
2152:
2080:
2068:
1899:
1741:
1624:
423:
354:
298:
253:
158:
6764:
5841:
Leon
Rodriguez DA, Carmona FD, Echeverría LE, González CI, Martin J (March 2016).
5421:
4864:
4534:
3370:
2990:
cancers. The most promising result was achieved in patients with stage 2 and 3 of
2905:
Interferon gamma 1b is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration to treat
1570:
10196:
10098:
10075:
9620:
9537:
9300:
8558:
8244:
7715:
7659:
7590:
7534:
7243:
7005:
6959:
6955:
6426:
5859:
4783:
4689:
4639:
4397:
4009:
3319:
3075:(formation of new blood vessels to the tumor site) and tumor cell proliferation.
2893:
2849:
2632:
Induces the expression of intrinsic defense factors—for example, with respect to
2382:
2156:
2108:
1674:
1582:
398:
182:
6211:
6194:
5729:
3418:
3401:
3234:
National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
3216:
National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
2833:
1 helper cells with further release of IFNG. Finally, macrophages surround the T
10184:
9959:
9949:
9876:
9493:
9483:
9407:
9239:
9087:
9072:
9067:
8922:
8918:
8900:
8895:
8698:
8693:
8683:
8678:
8673:
8668:
8663:
8659:
8628:
8623:
8618:
8597:
8592:
8587:
8582:
8537:
8532:
8527:
8522:
8470:
8455:
8446:
8003:
7776:
7480:
7032:
6947:
6903:: 1:1 COMPLEX BETWEEN AN INTERFERON GAMMA SINGLE-CHAIN VARIANT AND ITS RECEPTOR
6672:
6475:
6460:"Posttranscriptional control of T cell effector function by aerobic glycolysis"
6307:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
6248:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
5520:
5312:
5094:
5024:
4447:
4430:
4350:
3104:
2873:
2821:
2758:
2754:
2692:
2683:
2 cell differentiation. (Equivalent defining cytokines for other cells include
2483:
The JAK proteins also lead to the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (
2475:
2437:
2421:
2417:
2282:
2251:
2243:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2218:
to a lesser degree. Type II IFN expression is upregulated by the production of
2207:
499:
7903:
6943:
6136:
3700:
10219:
10209:
9527:
9310:
9229:
9062:
9057:
9052:
8998:
8947:
8613:
8517:
8493:
8488:
8465:
8460:
8451:
8442:
8224:
7751:
7654:
7594:
7581:
7398:
7197:
6977:
6643:
6033:
Huang WY, Su YH, Yao HW, Ling P, Tung YY, Chen SH, et al. (March 2010).
5951:
5910:
5893:
5818:
5802:"Interaction between the components of the interferon gamma receptor complex"
5801:
5570:
5455:"Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ): Exploring its implications in infectious diseases"
4886:
Razaghi A, Tan E, Lua LH, Owens L, Karthikeyan OP, Heimann K (January 2017).
4582:
4565:
4261:
4085:
Vanhaverbeke C, Simorre JP, Sadir R, Gans P, Lortat-Jacob H (November 2004).
4062:
4045:
3750:
3643:
3449:
Naylor SL, Sakaguchi AY, Shows TB, Law ML, Goeddel DV, Gray PW (March 1983).
3017:
3009:
2910:
2817:
2809:
2766:
2684:
2520:
2465:
2239:
2191:
2144:
2135:
molecule expression. Aberrant IFNG expression is associated with a number of
2116:
2060:
1982:
610:
7972:
6701:
6327:
6268:
4245:"Interferon-Gamma at the Crossroads of Tumor Immune Surveillance or Evasion"
3910:
3627:"Interferon-Gamma at the Crossroads of Tumor Immune Surveillance or Evasion"
559:
437:
10133:
10113:
10032:
10022:
9964:
9911:
9841:
9740:
9684:
9371:
9361:
9351:
9254:
9234:
9199:
9194:
8543:
8375:
7959:
7927:
7888:
7781:
7616:
7611:
7538:
7437:
7208:
7085:
7023:
6951:
6756:
6709:
6680:
6651:
6614:
6584:
6555:
6493:
6444:
6387:
6346:
6287:
6179:
6144:
6109:
6060:
6051:
6034:
6001:
5970:
5919:
5878:
5786:
5737:
5701:
5652:
5598:
5539:
5480:
5439:
5320:
5285:
5236:
5175:
5134:
5090:"Statement from the Press Secretary Regarding Executive Grants of Clemency"
5067:
5032:
4911:
4872:
4791:
4756:
4707:
4658:
4591:
4542:
4507:
4456:
4415:
4358:
4315:
4280:
4229:
4120:
4027:
3978:
3867:
3824:
3769:
3718:
3662:
3598:
3550:
3466:
3327:
3072:
3064:
2837:
1 helper cells and become fibroblast-like cells walling off the infection.
2805:
2769:, and toxoplasmosis. Examples of non-infectious granulomatous diseases are
2746:
2603:
2286:
2270:
2034:
2018:
1736:
906:
CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response
581:
416:
195:
6220:
6019:
5827:
5471:
5454:
5390:
5355:
4997:
4954:
4834:
4738:
4488:
4172:
4071:
3918:
3799:
Regulation of interferon-gamma during innate and adaptive immune responses
3484:
3427:
3378:
3276:
1598:
1507:
1502:
10143:
10138:
10042:
10027:
9999:
9989:
9984:
9939:
9906:
9901:
9896:
9891:
9886:
9871:
9866:
9689:
9674:
9669:
9488:
9473:
9290:
8964:
8910:
8651:
8410:
8333:
7898:
7883:
7847:
7743:
7599:
7503:
7446:
7338:
7304:
7290:
7285:
7080:
7041:
7037:
7028:
6303:"Chlamydial IFN-gamma immune evasion is linked to host infection tropism"
5683:
3838:
Artis D, Spits H (January 2015). "The biology of innate lymphoid cells".
3115:
3107:. It has also been identified as having a role in seborrheic dermatitis.
3047:
3039:
2946:
2869:
2778:
2770:
2599:
2219:
2022:
2006:
1714:
1350:
1331:
4336:
4307:
3859:
1807:
9979:
9881:
9735:
9280:
9017:
8710:
8400:
8360:
7876:
7864:
7796:
7786:
7756:
7640:
7586:
7451:
7408:
7328:
7277:
7267:
7238:
7202:
7186:
7176:
7135:
7120:
7055:
5840:
5579:
5267:
4564:
Wu C, Xue Y, Wang P, Lin L, Liu Q, Li N, et al. (September 2014).
4102:
2963:
2710:
2652:
2637:
2633:
2571:
2545:
2278:
2211:
2128:
2072:
2014:
2010:
1994:
1938:
1818:
716:
positive regulation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase activity
315:
212:
162:
6888:: 3:1 COMPLEX OF INTERFERON-GAMMA RECEPTOR WITH INTERFERON-GAMMA DIMER
5634:
5166:
5149:
5126:
5059:
4769:
3945:
806:
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
10153:
10148:
9929:
9376:
8022:
7932:
7827:
7822:
7791:
7442:
7393:
7343:
7333:
7323:
7234:
7191:
7181:
7156:
7110:
7095:
7019:
6944:
6409:
Asirvatham AJ, Gregorie CJ, Hu Z, Magner WJ, Tomasi TB (April 2008).
5218:
3268:
3150:
3145:
There is evidence that interferon-gamma expression is regulated by a
3126:
3119:
3035:
3005:
3001:
2742:
2626:
2425:
2187:(ILC), a family of immune cells first discovered in the early 2010s.
1998:
1700:
1205:
382:
369:
281:
268:
170:
6360:
Ben-Asouli Y, Banai Y, Pel-Or Y, Shir A, Kaempfer R (January 2002).
6157:
5891:
5150:"Open-label pilot study of interferon gamma-1b in Friedreich ataxia"
4887:
3589:
3572:
10179:
9381:
9012:
8007:
7908:
7852:
7628:
7554:
7360:
7253:
7130:
5843:"IL18 Gene Variants Influence the Susceptibility to Chagas Disease"
2996:
2987:
2861:
2857:
2660:
2645:
2567:
2549:
2536:
2433:
1986:
1863:
1798:
1577:
1491:
6241:
5199:"Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of interferon-
3573:"Mechanisms of type-I- and type-II-interferon-mediated signalling"
3042:(cell death). Furthermore, Type II IFN suppresses the activity of
2860:
arteries. These models display abnormally low amounts of cells or
2730:
2339:
831:
positive regulation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate metabolic process
7944:
7104:
7075:
7050:
7014:
6794:
6784:
4243:
Castro F, Cardoso AP, Gonçalves RM, Serre K, Oliveira MJ (2018).
3625:
Castro F, Cardoso AP, Gonçalves RM, Serre K, Oliveira MJ (2018).
2750:
2702:
2606:
on antigen-presenting cells—to be specific, through induction of
2560:
2298:
2180:
1317:
1272:
1190:
1186:
1141:
positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process
5892:
Trznadel-Grodzka E, Błaszkowski M, Rotsztejn H (November 2012).
2808:
infections allows the macrophages to overcome the inhibition of
2729:
signaling pathway, which otherwise stimulates the production of
2487:). PI3K leads to the activation of protein kinase C delta type (
2107:
IFNG, or type II interferon, is a cytokine that is critical for
150:
9954:
9944:
9589:
9585:
9581:
9577:
9573:
9569:
8890:
8787:
8782:
8777:
8772:
8767:
8762:
8480:
8285:
8269:
8264:
8259:
8254:
8249:
8239:
8234:
7115:
5665:
4520:
3134:
2641:
2619:
2593:
2349:
2266:
2215:
2076:
1874:
1656:
1528:
1475:
1227:
1061:
positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity
1041:
positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein
590:
6822:
5504:"Roles of IFN-γ in tumor progression and regression: a review"
2539:. IFNG is both an important autocrine signal for professional
2389:, the binding of IFNG to HS inhibits its biological activity.
1086:
positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane
996:
negative regulation of glomerular mesangial cell proliferation
781:
positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis
9624:
9565:
9561:
9557:
9553:
9549:
9545:
9442:
8926:
8885:
8880:
8875:
8870:
8865:
8802:
8792:
8757:
8752:
8747:
8742:
8737:
8732:
8385:
8380:
8370:
8355:
8350:
8229:
8219:
8214:
8209:
8199:
8194:
8188:
8172:
8162:
8157:
8152:
8147:
8142:
8137:
8132:
8127:
8121:
8116:
8111:
8106:
8101:
8096:
8091:
8086:
6591:
5552:
5333:
4196:"Interferon-stimulated genes: a complex web of host defenses"
3068:
2726:
2718:
2488:
2461:
2374:. Activation of the JAK-STAT pathway induces upregulation of
1176:
positive regulation of iron ion import across plasma membrane
6779:
Overview of all the structural information available in the
6515:
A commotion in the blood: life, death, and the immune system
6122:
5799:
5714:
5147:
4379:
4084:
2499:
Other signaling pathways that are triggered by IFNG are the
2009:. It was also shown to be produced in human lymphocytes. or
10009:
9921:
9858:
8850:
8797:
8365:
8306:
8301:
8081:
8076:
8071:
8066:
8060:
8054:
8048:
8042:
8037:
5099:
4242:
3888:
3624:
2722:
2714:
2589:
2585:
2041:
1854:
1618:
1564:
1552:
741:
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process
6408:
5758:
5368:
4812:
4671:
3950:
3451:"Human immune interferon gene is located on chromosome 12"
1136:
positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process
1036:
positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly
6359:
5501:
5196:
5010:
4428:
4293:
3801:. Advances in Immunology. Vol. 96. pp. 41–101.
3685:"Comprehensive network map of interferon gamma signaling"
2172:
2168:
976:
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
856:
regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
811:
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
801:
positive regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity
796:
positive regulation of killing of cells of other organism
771:
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic
4193:
2321:
2305:
926:
positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes
766:
positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
696:
positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process
406:
9250:
Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (CERA/Mircera)
6687:
6457:
4975:
4612:
4043:
3448:
2202:. It can also be secreted by antigen presenting cells (
2099:
treatments due to its ability to prevent tumor growth.
1106:
positive regulation of NMDA glutamate receptor activity
901:
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
701:
negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
6300:
5983:
5502:
Jorgovanovic D, Song M, Wang L, Zhang Y (2020-09-29).
4469:
3348:
2897:
did not show satisfactory results in terms of yields.
2370:(IFNGR2). IFN-γ binding to the receptor activates the
956:
negative regulation of epithelial cell differentiation
137:, IFG, IFI, interferon, gamma, interferon gamma, IMD69
41:
10168:
5112:
3682:
2920:
Preliminary research on the role of IFNG in treating
816:
positive regulation of vitamin D biosynthetic process
571:
5935:"Complexity of Interferon-γ Interactions with HSV-1"
4194:
Schneider WM, Chevillotte MD, Rice CM (2014-03-21).
3029:
2479:
JAK-STAT signaling pathway activated by type II IFN.
2314:
Line and cartoon representation of an IFN-γ monomer.
2167:(NKT) as part of the innate immune response, and by
981:
negative regulation of cell population proliferation
881:
positive regulation of cell population proliferation
4850:
4136:
3734:"The Dual Nature of Type I and Type II Interferons"
3008:. In addition, it has been reported that mammalian
2190:The primary cells that secrete type II IFN are CD4
2059:immunity. Type II IFN is primarily secreted by CD4
2005:, and by others as a product of antigen-stimulated
1046:
negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
836:
positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
6512:
4885:
4720:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3169:
3167:
3165:
2978:IFNG is not approved yet for the treatment in any
2736:
2535:cells), macrophages, mucosal epithelial cells and
2330:Line and cartoon representation of an IFN-γ dimer.
2254:are known to downregulate type II IFN expression.
1171:negative regulation of tau-protein kinase activity
1096:positive regulation of protein import into nucleus
6533:
4846:
4844:
2939:
2378:(ISGs), including MHC II. IFNG also binds to the
2037:. In humans, the IFNG protein is encoded by the
791:positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation
353:
252:
10217:
9342:Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor
9117:
6629:
5984:Sodeik B, Ebersold MW, Helenius A (March 1997).
4613:Herbst S, Schaible UE, Schneider BE (May 2011).
3796:
971:positive regulation of interleukin-23 production
941:negative regulation of interleukin-17 production
786:positive regulation of epithelial cell migration
731:positive regulation of interleukin-12 production
5298:
5013:Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery
4470:Luckheeram RV, Zhou R, Verma AD, Xia B (2012).
3517:"Biologic functions of the IFN-gamma receptors"
3399:
3183:
3162:
2271:major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II
1786:
1081:regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation
1051:regulation of defense response to virus by host
1001:negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation
841:endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response
6032:
5371:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
5249:
5207:Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology
5039:
4841:
4132:
4130:
4044:Sadir R, Forest E, Lortat-Jacob H (May 1998).
4039:
4037:
3195:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000055170
2598:Causes normal cells to increase expression of
2091:. Type II IFN is serologically different from
1016:positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
9103:
8002:
7988:
7519:
6929:
6838:
6724:
5452:
4815:American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
4721:Ashkar AA, Di Santo JP, Croy BA (July 2000).
2791:eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
1166:positive regulation of amyloid-beta formation
1151:negative regulation of amyloid-beta clearance
871:positive regulation of neuron differentiation
6562:
6451:
6402:
6073:
5752:
4714:
4563:
4472:"CD4⁺T cells: differentiation and functions"
4287:
4078:
3790:
3110:IFNG has a significant anti-viral effect in
2840:
1071:positive regulation of core promoter binding
1066:positive regulation of protein deacetylation
756:regulation of the force of heart contraction
5793:
4969:
4926:
4127:
4034:
3936:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3882:
3689:Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling
3291:
3246:
3174:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000111537
2625:Promotes adhesion and binding required for
2494:
2159:effects. IFNG is produced predominantly by
1161:positive regulation of cellular respiration
1056:interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
876:positive regulation of T cell proliferation
10206:United States National Library of Medicine
10109:Leukemia/leukocyte inhibitory factor (LIF)
9110:
9096:
7995:
7981:
7533:
7526:
7512:
6936:
6922:
6845:
6831:
6192:
5619:"Interferon gamma in cancer immunotherapy"
5336:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
5301:Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
3991:
3837:
3514:
3442:
3240:
2147:stems in part from its ability to inhibit
1527:
721:regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
10104:FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3L)
9533:Interferon alpha (interferon alfa, IFN-α)
6803:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
6738:
6483:
6434:
6377:
6336:
6326:
6277:
6267:
6210:
6099:
6050:
6009:
5960:
5950:
5909:
5898:Postepy Higieny I Medycyny Doswiadczalnej
5868:
5858:
5817:
5776:
5691:
5642:
5588:
5578:
5529:
5519:
5470:
5429:
5403:
5275:
5226:
5165:
5045:
4746:
4697:
4678:Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology
4648:
4638:
4581:
4497:
4487:
4446:
4405:
4270:
4260:
4219:
4162:
4137:Lortat-Jacob H, Grimaud JA (March 1991).
4110:
4061:
4017:
3968:
3759:
3749:
3731:
3708:
3652:
3642:
3588:
3570:
3540:
3474:
3417:
3400:Milstone LM, Waksman BH (November 1970).
3114:I (HSV) infection. IFNG compromises the
2648:, representing directly antiviral effects
2281:. In macrophages, type II IFN stimulates
2133:major histocompatibility complex class II
1842:
1116:positive regulation of glycolytic process
1091:regulation of signaling receptor activity
1076:interleukin-12-mediated signaling pathway
931:positive regulation of exosomal secretion
916:sensory perception of mechanical stimulus
10204:This article incorporates text from the
10126:Additional cytokine receptor modulators:
6658:
3925:
3297:
2816:1 helper cells by macrophages releasing
2474:
2338:
2320:
2304:
2151:directly, and most importantly from its
1011:positive regulation of apoptotic process
5250:Yetkİn MF, GÜltekİn M (December 2020).
4932:
4476:Clinical & Developmental Immunology
3776:
2952:
2655:against secondary bacterial infections.
2289:(Th0) to differentiate into Th1 cells.
2051:. IFNG plays an important role in both
1806:
1719:
1111:receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT
946:cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
846:cell surface receptor signaling pathway
761:regulation of neuronal action potential
14:
10218:
9950:Cucurbitacin I (elatericin B, JSI-124)
5932:
5612:
5610:
5608:
3566:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3491:
3063:to treat cancer, except for malignant
2514:
1031:regulation of protein ADP-ribosylation
1006:regulation of glial cell proliferation
886:regulation of hepatocyte proliferation
851:positive regulation of gene expression
826:negative regulation of gene expression
9286:Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
9091:
7976:
7507:
6917:
6826:
6074:Sainz B, Halford WP (November 2002).
5453:Kak G, Raza M, Tiwari BK (May 2018).
4212:10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120231
3678:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3620:
3618:
3616:
3510:
3508:
1882:
1705:
751:extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
358:
319:
314:
257:
216:
211:
10246:Drugs developed by Hoffmann-La Roche
9645:Interferon kappa (IFN-ε/κ/τ/ζ, IFNK)
9418:Macrophage colony-stimulating factor
6818:. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
6565:Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews
6536:Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews
6510:
5616:
5410:Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
5115:Neurodegenerative Disease Management
4727:The Journal of Experimental Medicine
3455:The Journal of Experimental Medicine
2127:. IFNG is an important activator of
1740:
991:positive regulation of cell adhesion
10119:Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)
6661:Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
5806:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
5605:
5559:Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
4050:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
3557:
3147:pseudoknotted element in its 5' UTR
3083:Interferon gamma has been shown to
2926:Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
2713:formation by rapidly degrading the
2709:also produce IFNG. IFNG suppresses
2566:Increases antigen presentation and
2451:
2334:
1862:
1156:positive regulation of neuron death
1131:positive regulation of neurogenesis
1126:positive regulation of phagocytosis
966:inflammatory cell apoptotic process
711:antigen processing and presentation
706:cellular response to interleukin-18
24:
6749:10.1161/01.RES.0000258861.72279.29
6503:
6193:Taylor MW, Feng GS (August 1991).
6092:10.1128/JVI.76.22.11541-11550.2002
5141:
3992:Hu X, Ivashkiv LB (October 2009).
3669:
3613:
3515:Tau G, Rothman P (December 1999).
3505:
3061:Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
2900:
961:negative regulation of myelination
25:
10257:
6773:
4904:10.1016/j.biologicals.2016.09.015
3030:Involvement in antitumor immunity
2610:genes, including subunits of the
951:T cell receptor signaling pathway
624:interferon-gamma receptor binding
10190:
10178:
6893:
6878:
6863:
6607:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2004.00195.x
5847:PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
4947:10.2165/00003495-199243010-00008
3533:10.1034/j.1398-9995.1999.00099.x
2787:granulomatosis with polyangiitis
2614:(MECL1, LMP2, LMP7), as well as
2143:. The importance of IFNG in the
2025:were shown to inhibit growth of
1916:
1910:
736:positive regulation of autophagy
655:external side of plasma membrane
580:
342:
335:
329:
306:
241:
234:
228:
203:
40:
9650:Interferon omega (IFN-ω, IFNW1)
7921:Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid
6852:
6353:
6294:
6235:
6186:
6151:
6116:
6067:
6039:The Journal of General Virology
6026:
5977:
5926:
5885:
5834:
5708:
5659:
5546:
5495:
5446:
5397:
5362:
5327:
5292:
5243:
5190:
5106:
5098:. January 20, 2021 – via
5082:
5004:
4879:
4806:
4763:
4665:
4606:
4557:
4514:
4463:
4422:
4373:
4330:
4236:
4187:
3985:
3831:
3725:
3078:
2737:Activity in granuloma formation
2348:IFN dimer interacting with two
2248:transforming growth factor-beta
1989:that is the only member of the
746:regulation of insulin secretion
3393:
3342:
3222:
3204:
2940:Potential use in immunotherapy
2420:and IFNGR2 is associated with
2238:(IFN-α and IFN-β). Meanwhile,
2031:interferon gamma release assay
1928:
1922:
1904:
591:More reference expression data
560:More reference expression data
13:
1:
6577:10.1016/S1359-6101(02)00044-8
6548:10.1016/S1359-6101(01)00038-7
6379:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00616-5
6172:10.1016/s0952-7915(02)00361-8
6160:Current Opinion in Immunology
6125:Current Opinion in Immunology
5778:10.1016/S0969-2126(00)00184-2
5617:Ni L, Lu J (September 2018).
5422:10.1517/14712598.2016.1135898
5348:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62968-7
5154:Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
4990:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)82557-0
4865:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.10.022
4535:10.1136/jclinpath-2011-200336
4523:Journal of Clinical Pathology
3970:10.1016/S0969-2126(00)00184-2
3807:10.1016/S0065-2776(07)96002-2
3371:10.1126/science.164.3886.1415
3156:
3140:
2968:non-small cell lung carcinoma
2907:chronic granulomatous disease
2879:
2848:(NKs) secrete high levels of
1613:Available protein structures:
986:defense response to protozoan
896:regulation of immune response
861:defense response to bacterium
327:
226:
10226:Genes on human chromosome 12
6427:10.1016/j.molimm.2007.10.035
5860:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004583
5383:10.1016/0190-9622(93)70026-p
4827:10.1016/0002-9378(88)90810-1
4784:10.3109/09513590.2012.743011
4690:10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.10.293
4640:10.1371/journal.pone.0019105
4398:10.1016/j.immuni.2019.10.010
4296:Journal of Leukocyte Biology
4164:10.1016/0014-5793(91)80225-R
4010:10.1016/j.immuni.2009.09.002
3320:10.1126/science.149.3681.310
2846:Uterine natural killer cells
2416:. IFNGR1 is associated with
2403:
2292:
2017:lymphocytes challenged with
911:neutrophil apoptotic process
7:
9494:Thrombopoietin (THPO, MGDF)
9260:Pegol sihematide (EPO-018B)
9180:Carbamylated erythropoietin
6212:10.1096/fasebj.5.11.1907934
5990:The Journal of Cell Biology
5730:10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.08.014
4772:Gynecological Endocrinology
4200:Annual Review of Immunology
3419:10.4049/jimmunol.105.5.1068
3131:indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
3098:
3093:Interferon gamma receptor 2
3089:Interferon gamma receptor 1
3053:
2972:transitional cell carcinoma
2470:Interferon-stimulated genes
2376:interferon-stimulated genes
2368:Interferon gamma receptor 2
2364:Interferon gamma receptor 1
2206:) such as dendritic cells (
2102:
2021: (PPD); the resulting
10:
10262:
7564:Colony-stimulating factors
6793:(Interferon gamma) at the
6673:10.2174/138955705774933383
6476:10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.016
5718:Experimental Cell Research
5521:10.1186/s40364-020-00228-x
5313:10.1016/j.sder.2008.04.004
5025:10.2174/157489108786242378
4448:10.1016/j.cell.2018.09.042
4351:10.1016/j.cyto.2019.02.001
3732:Lee AJ, Ashkar AA (2018).
3577:Nature Reviews. Immunology
2584:Induces the production of
2509:PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
2436:signaling and production,
2355:
2049:JAK-STAT signaling pathway
2027:vesicular stomatitis virus
1894:Chemical and physical data
1468:Chr 10: 118.28 – 118.28 Mb
1146:neuroinflammatory response
1101:microglial cell activation
10088:
10066:
10043:Tofacitinib (tasocitinib)
10008:
10000:Tofacitinib (tasocitinib)
9920:
9907:Tofacitinib (tasocitinib)
9857:
9840:
9833:
9813:
9793:
9773:
9749:
9708:
9515:
9506:
9461:
9441:
9390:
9324:
9268:
9157:
9148:
9128:
8982:
8958:Colony-stimulating factor
8940:
8909:
8837:
8811:
8718:
8709:
8650:
8641:
8606:
8569:
8507:
8479:
8433:
8418:
8409:
8319:
8294:
8278:
8181:
8030:
8021:
8014:
7840:
7818:Histamine dihydrochloride
7805:
7769:
7742:
7639:
7562:
7553:
7546:
7464:
7430:
7407:
7386:
7379:
7303:
7276:
7252:
7221:
7169:
7149:
7065:
7004:
6994:
6985:
6976:
6967:
6858:
6137:10.1016/j.coi.2004.05.003
5672:British Journal of Cancer
5404:Brar K, Leung DY (2016).
4978:The Journal of Pediatrics
3701:10.1007/s12079-018-0486-y
3571:Platanias LC (May 2005).
3230:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
3212:"Human PubMed Reference:"
3016:human IFNG, expressed in
2841:Activity during pregnancy
2675:1 cells, representing a
2636:, relevant genes include
2358:Interferon-gamma receptor
1954:
1937:
1898:
1893:
1873:
1853:
1833:
1817:
1797:
1777:
1769:Human interferon gamma-1b
1757:
1752:
1727:
1713:
1695:
1685:
1680:
1655:
1635:
1617:
1612:
1608:
1588:
1576:
1563:
1551:
1543:
1538:
1526:
1521:
1506:
1501:
1497:
1490:
1474:
1455:
1440:
1436:
1419:
1415:
1408:
1393:
1389:
1372:
1368:
1361:
1348:
1344:
1329:
1325:
1316:
1303:
1299:
1284:
1280:
1271:
1258:
1254:
1239:
1235:
1226:
1211:
1204:
1200:
1184:
866:defense response to virus
609:
605:
588:
579:
570:
557:
546:thoracic segment of trunk
506:
497:
444:
435:
405:
397:
393:
376:
363:
326:
305:
296:
292:
275:
262:
225:
202:
193:
189:
144:
141:
131:
124:
119:
84:
79:
62:
57:
52:
48:
39:
34:
9721:Interferon gamma (IFN-γ)
8993:proinflammatory cytokine
7950:Bacillus Calmette–Guérin
6805:Medical Subject Headings
6644:10.2174/1570162052773013
6519:. New York: Henry Holt.
5952:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00015
5933:Bigley NJ (2014-02-06).
5911:10.5604/17322693.1019642
5819:10.1074/jbc.270.36.20915
5571:10.1136/jitc-2022-005320
5203:1b in Friedreich Ataxia"
4853:Journal of Biotechnology
4583:10.4049/jimmunol.1302379
4262:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00847
4063:10.1074/jbc.273.18.10919
3751:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02061
3644:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00847
2495:Other signaling pathways
2179:) effector T cells once
2175:cytotoxic T lymphocyte (
1461:Chr 12: 68.15 – 68.16 Mb
1021:adaptive immune response
468:tibialis anterior muscle
9621:Interferon beta (IFN-β)
7770:Other protein / peptide
7683:Ropeginterferon alfa-2b
7387:Nucleic acid inhibitors
6816:Drug Information Portal
6702:10.1126/stke.3162006pe1
6328:10.1073/pnas.0504198102
6269:10.1073/pnas.0603338103
5939:Frontiers in Immunology
4249:Frontiers in Immunology
4091:The Biochemical Journal
3911:10.1126/science.1902591
3738:Frontiers in Immunology
3631:Frontiers in Immunology
1026:humoral immune response
10099:Cardiotrophin 1 (CT-1)
8124:/PARC/DCCK1/AMAC1/MIP4
7577:Efbemalenograstim alfa
6052:10.1099/vir.0.016964-0
6002:10.1083/jcb.136.5.1007
5256:Noro Psikiyatri Arsivi
3467:10.1084/jem.157.3.1020
2707:CD8+ cytotoxic T cells
2677:positive feedback loop
2592:from activated plasma
2505:MAPK signaling pathway
2501:mTOR signaling pathway
2480:
2353:
2331:
2315:
2165:natural killer T cells
360:10 D2|10 66.75 cM
10096:Additional cytokines:
10023:Decernotinib (VX-509)
9660:Peginterferon alfa-2b
9655:Peginterferon alfa-2a
9175:Asialo erythropoietin
7860:heterocyclic compound
7679:Peginterferon alfa-2b
7670:Peginterferon alfa-2a
7422:Peginterferon alfa-2a
7371:Tenofovir alafenamide
6595:Immunological Reviews
5472:10.1515/bmc-2018-0007
5459:Biomolecular Concepts
4739:10.1084/jem.192.2.259
4570:Journal of Immunology
3499:"Entrez Gene: IFNGR2"
3406:Journal of Immunology
2602:molecules as well as
2579:nitric oxide synthase
2478:
2342:
2324:
2308:
2185:innate lymphoid cells
2081:CD8 cytotoxic T cells
821:neutrophil chemotaxis
321:Chromosome 10 (mouse)
219:Chromosome 12 (human)
9611:Interferon alfacon-1
9240:Erythropoietin (EPO)
7693:Interferon alfacon-1
7366:Tenofovir disoproxil
7352:Nucleotide analogues
7315:Nucleoside analogues
6812:"Interferon type II"
6727:Circulation Research
6632:Current HIV Research
6415:Molecular Immunology
5684:10.1038/bjc.2015.101
4441:(6): 1634–1650.e17.
3112:herpes simplex virus
2980:cancer immunotherapy
2959:cancer immunotherapy
2953:Cancer immunotherapy
2783:giant-cell arteritis
2679:—while suppressing T
2659:IFNG is the primary
2577:Activates inducible
2519:IFNG is secreted by
2398:proteolytic cleavage
2287:naive T helper cells
2198:(NK) cells, and CD8
2161:natural killer cells
2125:protozoan infections
2097:cancer immunotherapy
2067:(NK) cells, and CD8
1121:astrocyte activation
921:regulation of growth
650:extracellular region
80:List of PDB id codes
53:Available structures
9758:See IL-28R (IFNLR)
9726:Interferon gamma 1b
9616:Interferon alpha-n3
8689:Interferon type III
7813:Female sex steroids
7698:Interferon alpha-n3
7067:Pyrimidine analogue
6319:2005PNAS..10210658N
6313:(30): 10658–10663.
6260:2006PNAS..10314092B
6254:(38): 14092–14097.
6086:(22): 11541–11550.
6080:Journal of Virology
5812:(36): 20915–20921.
5377:(2 Pt 1): 189–197.
4631:2011PLoSO...619105H
4489:10.1155/2012/925135
4308:10.1189/jlb.0603252
4155:1991FEBSL.280..152L
4056:(18): 10919–10925.
3903:1991Sci...252..698E
3860:10.1038/nature14189
3852:2015Natur.517..293A
3784:"Entrez Gene: INFG"
3363:1969Sci...164.1415G
3357:(3886): 1415–1417.
3312:1965Sci...149..310W
3261:1982Natur.298..859G
2922:Friedreich's ataxia
2874:ethical constraints
2515:Biological activity
2387:biological activity
2352:receptor molecules.
2222:cytokines, such as
2141:autoimmune diseases
1677:
675:extracellular space
484:right lobe of liver
10208:, which is in the
10114:Oncostatin M (OSM)
9640:Interferon beta 1b
9635:Interferon beta 1a
9606:Interferon alfa n1
9601:Interferon alfa 2b
9596:Interferon alfa 2a
9430:Kinase inhibitors:
7916:polyribonucleotide
7894:Glatiramer acetate
7727:Interferon beta 1b
7722:Interferon beta 1a
7688:Interferon alfa n1
7675:Interferon alfa 2b
7666:Interferon alfa 2a
7491:Never to phase III
7417:Interferon alfa 2b
6801:Interferon+Type+II
5508:Biomarker Research
5268:10.29399/npa.25047
4103:10.1042/BJ20040757
3044:regulatory T cells
2924:(FA) conducted by
2804:1 helper cells in
2795:rheumatoid nodules
2763:coccidioidomycosis
2608:antigen processing
2481:
2354:
2332:
2316:
2236:type I interferons
2013:-sensitized mouse
2003:phytohemagglutinin
1673:
1306:ENSMUSG00000055170
684:Biological process
643:Cellular component
617:Molecular function
18:Interferon type II
10166:
10165:
10162:
10161:
10084:
10083:
9851:
9769:
9768:
9502:
9501:
9245:Erythropoietin-Fc
9119:Cytokine receptor
9085:
9084:
8978:
8977:
8936:
8935:
8833:
8832:
8829:
8828:
8637:
8636:
8315:
8314:
7970:
7969:
7836:
7835:
7765:
7764:
7501:
7500:
7460:
7459:
7299:
7298:
7217:
7216:
7165:
7164:
7145:
7144:
6911:
6910:
6667:(12): 1093–1101.
6526:978-0-8050-5841-3
6205:(11): 2516–2522.
6045:(Pt 3): 591–598.
5635:10.1002/cam4.1700
5167:10.1111/ane.12337
5127:10.2217/nmt.15.52
5100:National Archives
5060:10.1136/bmj.f5687
4392:(5): 899–914.e7.
3897:(5006): 698–702.
3846:(7534): 293–301.
3816:978-0-12-373709-0
3527:(12): 1233–1251.
3306:(3681): 310–311.
3255:(5877): 859–863.
3048:endothelial cells
3004:but sometimes by
2992:ovarian carcinoma
2984:bladder carcinoma
2934:atopic dermatitis
2854:implantation site
2529:cytotoxic T cells
2380:glycosaminoglycan
2263:isotype switching
2200:cytotoxic T cells
2153:immunostimulatory
2149:viral replication
2113:adaptive immunity
2093:interferon type 1
2069:cytotoxic T cells
2033:used to test for
1972:
1971:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1662:structure summary
1517:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1486:
1485:
1451:
1450:
1430:
1429:
1404:
1403:
1383:
1382:
1357:
1356:
1338:
1337:
1312:
1311:
1293:
1292:
1267:
1266:
1248:
1247:
1196:
1195:
776:response to virus
691:apoptotic process
665:neuron projection
629:cytokine activity
601:
600:
597:
596:
566:
565:
553:
552:
491:
490:
460:bone marrow cells
389:
388:
288:
287:
115:
114:
111:
110:
63:Ortholog search:
16:(Redirected from
10253:
10241:Immunostimulants
10195:
10194:
10193:
10183:
10182:
10174:
9855:
9854:
9845:
9838:
9837:
9697:Decoy receptors:
9513:
9512:
9190:Darbepoetin alfa
9155:
9154:
9112:
9105:
9098:
9089:
9088:
8716:
8715:
8648:
8647:
8431:
8430:
8416:
8415:
8028:
8027:
8019:
8018:
7997:
7990:
7983:
7974:
7973:
7955:Melanoma vaccine
7940:Inosine pranobex
7872:hydroxyquinoline
7734:Interferon gamma
7560:
7559:
7551:
7550:
7535:Immunostimulants
7528:
7521:
7514:
7505:
7504:
7431:Multiple/unknown
7384:
7383:
7380:Multiple/general
7150:Not TK activated
7002:
7001:
6992:
6991:
6983:
6982:
6974:
6973:
6938:
6931:
6924:
6915:
6914:
6897:
6882:
6867:
6847:
6840:
6833:
6824:
6823:
6819:
6768:
6742:
6721:
6684:
6655:
6626:
6588:
6559:
6530:
6518:
6511:Hall SK (1997).
6498:
6497:
6487:
6470:(6): 1239–1251.
6455:
6449:
6448:
6438:
6421:(7): 1995–2006.
6406:
6400:
6399:
6381:
6357:
6351:
6350:
6340:
6330:
6298:
6292:
6291:
6281:
6271:
6239:
6233:
6232:
6214:
6190:
6184:
6183:
6155:
6149:
6148:
6120:
6114:
6113:
6103:
6071:
6065:
6064:
6054:
6030:
6024:
6023:
6013:
5996:(5): 1007–1021.
5981:
5975:
5974:
5964:
5954:
5930:
5924:
5923:
5913:
5889:
5883:
5882:
5872:
5862:
5838:
5832:
5831:
5821:
5797:
5791:
5790:
5780:
5756:
5750:
5749:
5712:
5706:
5705:
5695:
5678:(9): 1501–1509.
5663:
5657:
5656:
5646:
5629:(9): 4509–4516.
5614:
5603:
5602:
5592:
5582:
5550:
5544:
5543:
5533:
5523:
5499:
5493:
5492:
5474:
5450:
5444:
5443:
5433:
5401:
5395:
5394:
5366:
5360:
5359:
5331:
5325:
5324:
5296:
5290:
5289:
5279:
5247:
5241:
5240:
5230:
5219:10.1002/acn3.731
5194:
5188:
5187:
5169:
5145:
5139:
5138:
5110:
5104:
5103:
5086:
5080:
5079:
5043:
5037:
5036:
5008:
5002:
5001:
4973:
4967:
4966:
4930:
4924:
4923:
4883:
4877:
4876:
4848:
4839:
4838:
4810:
4804:
4803:
4767:
4761:
4760:
4750:
4718:
4712:
4711:
4701:
4669:
4663:
4662:
4652:
4642:
4610:
4604:
4603:
4585:
4576:(6): 3036–3044.
4561:
4555:
4554:
4518:
4512:
4511:
4501:
4491:
4467:
4461:
4460:
4450:
4426:
4420:
4419:
4409:
4377:
4371:
4370:
4334:
4328:
4327:
4291:
4285:
4284:
4274:
4264:
4240:
4234:
4233:
4223:
4191:
4185:
4184:
4166:
4134:
4125:
4124:
4114:
4082:
4076:
4075:
4065:
4041:
4032:
4031:
4021:
3989:
3983:
3982:
3972:
3948:
3938:
3923:
3922:
3886:
3880:
3879:
3835:
3829:
3828:
3794:
3788:
3787:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3763:
3753:
3729:
3723:
3722:
3712:
3680:
3667:
3666:
3656:
3646:
3622:
3611:
3610:
3592:
3568:
3555:
3554:
3544:
3512:
3503:
3502:
3495:
3489:
3488:
3478:
3461:(3): 1020–1027.
3446:
3440:
3439:
3421:
3412:(5): 1068–1071.
3397:
3391:
3390:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3295:
3289:
3288:
3269:10.1038/298859a0
3244:
3238:
3237:
3226:
3220:
3219:
3208:
3202:
3192:
3181:
3171:
2888:Escherichia coli
2850:chemoattractants
2717:adaptor protein
2651:Primes alveolar
2612:immunoproteasome
2523:(specifically, T
2458:JAK-STAT pathway
2452:JAK-STAT pathway
2428:, intracellular
2372:JAK-STAT pathway
2347:
2335:Receptor binding
2329:
2313:
2210:), macrophages (
2157:immunomodulatory
2137:autoinflammatory
2001:stimulated with
1975:Interferon gamma
1968:
1967:
1960:
1949:
1947:
1930:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1906:
1886:
1866:
1846:
1810:
1790:
1744:
1723:
1709:
1678:
1676:
1675:Interferon gamma
1672:
1610:
1609:
1531:
1522:Interferon gamma
1519:
1518:
1499:
1498:
1470:
1463:
1446:
1434:
1433:
1425:
1413:
1412:
1409:RefSeq (protein)
1399:
1387:
1386:
1378:
1366:
1365:
1342:
1341:
1323:
1322:
1297:
1296:
1278:
1277:
1252:
1251:
1233:
1232:
1202:
1201:
607:
606:
593:
584:
577:
576:
562:
502:
500:Top expressed in
495:
494:
440:
438:Top expressed in
433:
432:
412:
411:
395:
394:
385:
372:
361:
346:
339:
333:
322:
310:
294:
293:
284:
271:
260:
245:
238:
232:
221:
207:
191:
190:
185:
183:IFNG - orthologs
136:
129:
106:
77:
76:
71:
50:
49:
44:
32:
31:
21:
10261:
10260:
10256:
10255:
10254:
10252:
10251:
10250:
10231:Antiviral drugs
10216:
10215:
10201:
10191:
10189:
10177:
10169:
10167:
10158:
10080:
10076:Deucravacitinib
10062:
10004:
9916:
9844:
9829:
9809:
9789:
9765:
9745:
9704:
9538:Interferon alfa
9498:
9457:
9437:
9386:
9320:
9316:Pegnartograstim
9301:Lipegfilgrastim
9264:
9210:Epoetin epsilon
9144:
9124:
9116:
9086:
9081:
9047:
9026:
8984:
8974:
8932:
8905:
8825:
8807:
8705:
8633:
8602:
8565:
8503:
8475:
8426:
8424:
8422:
8405:
8311:
8290:
8274:
8177:
8010:
8001:
7971:
7966:
7832:
7801:
7761:
7738:
7716:Interferon beta
7660:Interferon alfa
7635:
7591:Lipegfilgrastim
7542:
7532:
7502:
7497:
7496:
7481:Clinical trials
7456:
7426:
7403:
7375:
7295:
7272:
7248:
7244:Podophyllotoxin
7213:
7161:
7141:
7061:
7006:Purine analogue
6987:
6963:
6942:
6912:
6907:
6904:
6898:
6889:
6883:
6874:
6868:
6854:
6851:
6810:
6776:
6771:
6740:10.1.1.495.2743
6527:
6506:
6504:Further reading
6501:
6456:
6452:
6407:
6403:
6358:
6354:
6299:
6295:
6240:
6236:
6191:
6187:
6156:
6152:
6121:
6117:
6072:
6068:
6031:
6027:
5982:
5978:
5931:
5927:
5890:
5886:
5853:(3): e0004583.
5839:
5835:
5798:
5794:
5757:
5753:
5713:
5709:
5664:
5660:
5623:Cancer Medicine
5615:
5606:
5551:
5547:
5500:
5496:
5451:
5447:
5402:
5398:
5367:
5363:
5332:
5328:
5297:
5293:
5248:
5244:
5195:
5191:
5146:
5142:
5111:
5107:
5088:
5087:
5083:
5044:
5040:
5009:
5005:
4974:
4970:
4931:
4927:
4884:
4880:
4849:
4842:
4811:
4807:
4768:
4764:
4719:
4715:
4670:
4666:
4611:
4607:
4562:
4558:
4519:
4515:
4468:
4464:
4427:
4423:
4378:
4374:
4335:
4331:
4292:
4288:
4241:
4237:
4192:
4188:
4135:
4128:
4097:(Pt 1): 93–99.
4083:
4079:
4042:
4035:
3990:
3986:
3940:
3939:
3926:
3887:
3883:
3836:
3832:
3817:
3795:
3791:
3782:
3781:
3777:
3730:
3726:
3681:
3670:
3623:
3614:
3590:10.1038/nri1604
3569:
3558:
3513:
3506:
3497:
3496:
3492:
3447:
3443:
3398:
3394:
3347:
3343:
3296:
3292:
3245:
3241:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3193:
3184:
3172:
3163:
3159:
3143:
3101:
3081:
3056:
3032:
2955:
2942:
2903:
2901:Therapeutic use
2894:Pichia pastoris
2882:
2843:
2836:
2832:
2827:
2815:
2803:
2775:Crohn's disease
2739:
2690:
2682:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2534:
2526:
2517:
2497:
2454:
2446:differentiation
2406:
2383:heparan sulfate
2360:
2343:
2337:
2325:
2309:
2295:
2252:glucocorticoids
2194:1 (Th1) cells,
2131:and inducer of
2105:
2089:differentiation
2063:1 (Th1) cells,
1981:or IFN-γ) is a
1963:
1961:
1958:(what is this?)
1955:
1945:
1943:
1933:
1927:
1921:
1915:
1909:
1889:
1869:
1849:
1829:
1813:
1793:
1773:
1770:
1765:
1764:
1748:
1534:
1508:View/Edit Mouse
1503:View/Edit Human
1466:
1459:
1456:Location (UCSC)
1442:
1421:
1395:
1374:
1287:ENSG00000111537
1180:
891:immune response
679:
638:
634:protein binding
589:
558:
549:
544:
542:urinary bladder
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
498:
487:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
436:
380:
367:
359:
349:
348:
347:
340:
320:
297:Gene location (
279:
266:
258:
248:
247:
246:
239:
217:
194:Gene location (
145:
132:
125:
86:
64:
28:
27:InterPro Family
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10259:
10249:
10248:
10243:
10238:
10233:
10228:
10200:
10199:
10187:
10164:
10163:
10160:
10159:
10157:
10156:
10151:
10146:
10141:
10136:
10131:
10122:
10121:
10116:
10111:
10106:
10101:
10092:
10090:
10086:
10085:
10082:
10081:
10079:
10078:
10072:
10070:
10064:
10063:
10061:
10060:
10055:
10050:
10045:
10040:
10035:
10030:
10025:
10020:
10018:Cercosporamide
10014:
10012:
10006:
10005:
10003:
10002:
9997:
9992:
9987:
9982:
9977:
9972:
9967:
9962:
9960:Deuruxolitinib
9957:
9952:
9947:
9942:
9937:
9932:
9926:
9924:
9918:
9917:
9915:
9914:
9909:
9904:
9899:
9894:
9889:
9884:
9879:
9877:Deuruxolitinib
9874:
9869:
9863:
9861:
9852:
9835:
9831:
9830:
9828:
9827:
9819:
9817:
9811:
9810:
9808:
9807:
9799:
9797:
9791:
9790:
9788:
9787:
9779:
9777:
9771:
9770:
9767:
9766:
9764:
9763:
9755:
9753:
9751:IFNLR (λ, III)
9747:
9746:
9744:
9743:
9738:
9729:
9728:
9723:
9714:
9712:
9706:
9705:
9703:
9702:
9693:
9692:
9687:
9682:
9677:
9672:
9663:
9662:
9657:
9652:
9647:
9642:
9637:
9632:
9618:
9613:
9608:
9603:
9598:
9593:
9535:
9530:
9521:
9519:
9517:IFNAR (α/β, I)
9510:
9504:
9503:
9500:
9499:
9497:
9496:
9491:
9486:
9484:Promegapoietin
9481:
9476:
9467:
9465:
9463:Thrombopoietin
9459:
9458:
9456:
9455:
9447:
9445:
9439:
9438:
9436:
9435:
9426:
9425:
9420:
9415:
9410:
9408:Interleukin-34
9405:
9396:
9394:
9388:
9387:
9385:
9384:
9379:
9374:
9365:
9364:
9359:
9354:
9349:
9344:
9339:
9330:
9328:
9322:
9321:
9319:
9318:
9313:
9308:
9303:
9298:
9293:
9288:
9283:
9274:
9272:
9266:
9265:
9263:
9262:
9257:
9252:
9247:
9242:
9237:
9232:
9227:
9222:
9217:
9212:
9207:
9202:
9197:
9192:
9187:
9182:
9177:
9172:
9163:
9161:
9159:Erythropoietin
9152:
9146:
9145:
9143:
9142:
9134:
9132:
9126:
9125:
9115:
9114:
9107:
9100:
9092:
9083:
9082:
9080:
9079:
9078:
9077:
9076:
9075:
9070:
9065:
9060:
9055:
9045:
9041:
9040:
9039:
9034:
9024:
9015:
9009:
9008:
9007:
9006:
9001:
8988:
8986:
8980:
8979:
8976:
8975:
8973:
8972:
8967:
8962:
8961:
8960:
8955:
8944:
8942:
8938:
8937:
8934:
8933:
8931:
8930:
8915:
8913:
8907:
8906:
8904:
8903:
8898:
8893:
8888:
8883:
8878:
8873:
8868:
8863:
8858:
8853:
8843:
8841:
8839:Ig superfamily
8835:
8834:
8831:
8830:
8827:
8826:
8824:
8823:
8817:
8815:
8809:
8808:
8806:
8805:
8800:
8795:
8790:
8785:
8780:
8775:
8770:
8765:
8760:
8755:
8750:
8745:
8740:
8735:
8730:
8724:
8722:
8713:
8707:
8706:
8704:
8703:
8702:
8701:
8696:
8686:
8681:
8676:
8671:
8666:
8656:
8654:
8645:
8639:
8638:
8635:
8634:
8632:
8631:
8626:
8621:
8616:
8610:
8608:
8604:
8603:
8601:
8600:
8595:
8590:
8585:
8579:
8577:
8567:
8566:
8564:
8563:
8562:
8561:
8556:
8551:
8546:
8535:
8530:
8525:
8520:
8514:
8512:
8505:
8504:
8502:
8501:
8496:
8491:
8485:
8483:
8477:
8476:
8474:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8458:
8449:
8439:
8437:
8428:
8413:
8407:
8406:
8404:
8403:
8398:
8393:
8388:
8383:
8378:
8373:
8368:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8348:
8347:
8346:
8341:
8331:
8325:
8323:
8317:
8316:
8313:
8312:
8310:
8309:
8304:
8298:
8296:
8292:
8291:
8289:
8288:
8282:
8280:
8276:
8275:
8273:
8272:
8267:
8262:
8257:
8252:
8247:
8242:
8237:
8232:
8227:
8222:
8217:
8212:
8207:
8202:
8197:
8192:
8185:
8183:
8179:
8178:
8176:
8175:
8170:
8165:
8160:
8155:
8150:
8145:
8140:
8135:
8130:
8125:
8119:
8114:
8109:
8104:
8099:
8094:
8089:
8084:
8079:
8074:
8069:
8064:
8058:
8052:
8046:
8040:
8034:
8032:
8025:
8016:
8012:
8011:
8004:Cell signaling
8000:
7999:
7992:
7985:
7977:
7968:
7967:
7965:
7964:
7963:
7962:
7957:
7952:
7942:
7937:
7936:
7935:
7925:
7924:
7923:
7913:
7912:
7911:
7906:
7901:
7896:
7886:
7881:
7880:
7879:
7869:
7868:
7867:
7857:
7856:
7855:
7844:
7842:
7838:
7837:
7834:
7833:
7831:
7830:
7825:
7820:
7815:
7809:
7807:
7803:
7802:
7800:
7799:
7794:
7789:
7784:
7779:
7777:Growth hormone
7773:
7771:
7767:
7766:
7763:
7762:
7760:
7759:
7754:
7748:
7746:
7740:
7739:
7737:
7736:
7731:
7730:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7707:
7706:
7705:
7703:feline "omega"
7700:
7695:
7690:
7685:
7672:
7663:
7657:
7645:
7643:
7637:
7636:
7634:
7633:
7632:
7631:
7621:
7620:
7619:
7614:
7604:
7603:
7602:
7597:
7584:
7579:
7568:
7566:
7557:
7548:
7544:
7543:
7531:
7530:
7523:
7516:
7508:
7499:
7498:
7495:
7494:
7493:
7492:
7489:
7478:
7472:
7466:
7465:
7462:
7461:
7458:
7457:
7455:
7454:
7449:
7440:
7434:
7432:
7428:
7427:
7425:
7424:
7419:
7413:
7411:
7405:
7404:
7402:
7401:
7396:
7390:
7388:
7381:
7377:
7376:
7374:
7373:
7368:
7363:
7347:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7310:
7308:
7301:
7300:
7297:
7296:
7294:
7293:
7288:
7282:
7280:
7274:
7273:
7271:
7270:
7258:
7256:
7250:
7249:
7247:
7246:
7241:
7231:
7229:
7219:
7218:
7215:
7214:
7212:
7211:
7206:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7173:
7171:
7167:
7166:
7163:
7162:
7160:
7159:
7153:
7151:
7147:
7146:
7143:
7142:
7140:
7139:
7126:
7125:
7124:
7123:
7118:
7113:
7100:
7099:
7093:
7083:
7071:
7069:
7063:
7062:
7060:
7059:
7046:
7045:
7035:
7033:Valganciclovir
7026:
7010:
7008:
6999:
6989:
6980:
6971:
6965:
6964:
6941:
6940:
6933:
6926:
6918:
6909:
6908:
6906:
6905:
6899:
6892:
6890:
6884:
6877:
6875:
6869:
6862:
6859:
6856:
6855:
6850:
6849:
6842:
6835:
6827:
6821:
6820:
6808:
6798:
6775:
6774:External links
6772:
6770:
6769:
6733:(5): 622–632.
6722:
6690:Science's STKE
6685:
6656:
6627:
6589:
6571:(6): 441–454.
6560:
6531:
6525:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6499:
6450:
6401:
6372:(2): 221–232.
6352:
6293:
6234:
6185:
6166:(4): 444–451.
6150:
6131:(4): 463–469.
6115:
6066:
6025:
5976:
5925:
5884:
5833:
5792:
5771:(9): 927–936.
5751:
5707:
5658:
5604:
5565:(9): e005320.
5545:
5494:
5445:
5416:(4): 507–514.
5396:
5361:
5342:(3): 263–268.
5326:
5307:(2): 151–155.
5291:
5262:(4): 270–273.
5242:
5213:(3): 546–553.
5189:
5140:
5121:(6): 497–504.
5105:
5095:whitehouse.gov
5081:
5038:
5019:(3): 225–230.
5003:
4984:(1): 119–124.
4968:
4941:(1): 111–122.
4925:
4878:
4840:
4821:(1): 199–203.
4805:
4762:
4733:(2): 259–270.
4713:
4684:(1–3): 37–43.
4664:
4605:
4556:
4513:
4462:
4421:
4372:
4329:
4302:(2): 163–189.
4286:
4235:
4206:(1): 513–545.
4186:
4149:(1): 152–154.
4126:
4077:
4033:
4004:(4): 539–550.
3984:
3963:(9): 927–936.
3924:
3881:
3830:
3815:
3789:
3775:
3724:
3695:(4): 745–751.
3668:
3612:
3583:(5): 375–386.
3556:
3504:
3490:
3441:
3392:
3341:
3290:
3239:
3221:
3203:
3182:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3142:
3139:
3105:Chagas disease
3100:
3097:
3080:
3077:
3055:
3052:
3031:
3028:
2954:
2951:
2941:
2938:
2902:
2899:
2881:
2878:
2842:
2839:
2834:
2830:
2825:
2813:
2801:
2759:cryptococcosis
2755:histoplasmosis
2738:
2735:
2688:
2680:
2672:
2668:
2664:
2663:that defines T
2657:
2656:
2649:
2630:
2623:
2596:
2582:
2575:
2564:
2532:
2524:
2521:T helper cells
2516:
2513:
2496:
2493:
2453:
2450:
2405:
2402:
2336:
2333:
2294:
2291:
2273:expression on
2196:natural killer
2104:
2101:
2065:natural killer
1970:
1969:
1952:
1951:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1931:
1925:
1919:
1913:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1879:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1867:
1859:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1839:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1803:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1783:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1733:
1731:
1725:
1724:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1703:
1693:
1692:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1622:
1615:
1614:
1606:
1605:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1524:
1523:
1515:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1495:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1472:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1438:
1437:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1417:
1416:
1410:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1391:
1390:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1370:
1369:
1363:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1346:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1327:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1301:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1282:
1281:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1255:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1237:
1236:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
687:
685:
681:
680:
678:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
646:
644:
640:
639:
637:
636:
631:
626:
620:
618:
614:
613:
603:
602:
599:
598:
595:
594:
586:
585:
574:
568:
567:
564:
563:
555:
554:
551:
550:
548:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
504:
503:
492:
489:
488:
486:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
442:
441:
429:
428:
420:
409:
403:
402:
399:RNA expression
391:
390:
387:
386:
378:
374:
373:
365:
362:
357:
351:
350:
341:
334:
328:
324:
323:
318:
312:
311:
303:
302:
290:
289:
286:
285:
277:
273:
272:
264:
261:
256:
250:
249:
240:
233:
227:
223:
222:
215:
209:
208:
200:
199:
187:
186:
143:
139:
138:
130:
122:
121:
117:
116:
113:
112:
109:
108:
82:
81:
73:
72:
61:
55:
54:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10258:
10247:
10244:
10242:
10239:
10237:
10234:
10232:
10229:
10227:
10224:
10223:
10221:
10214:
10213:
10211:
10210:public domain
10207:
10198:
10188:
10186:
10181:
10176:
10175:
10172:
10155:
10152:
10150:
10147:
10145:
10142:
10140:
10137:
10135:
10132:
10130:
10127:
10124:
10123:
10120:
10117:
10115:
10112:
10110:
10107:
10105:
10102:
10100:
10097:
10094:
10093:
10091:
10087:
10077:
10074:
10073:
10071:
10069:
10065:
10059:
10056:
10054:
10051:
10049:
10046:
10044:
10041:
10039:
10036:
10034:
10031:
10029:
10026:
10024:
10021:
10019:
10016:
10015:
10013:
10011:
10007:
10001:
9998:
9996:
9993:
9991:
9988:
9986:
9983:
9981:
9978:
9976:
9973:
9971:
9968:
9966:
9963:
9961:
9958:
9956:
9953:
9951:
9948:
9946:
9943:
9941:
9938:
9936:
9933:
9931:
9928:
9927:
9925:
9923:
9919:
9913:
9910:
9908:
9905:
9903:
9900:
9898:
9895:
9893:
9890:
9888:
9885:
9883:
9880:
9878:
9875:
9873:
9870:
9868:
9865:
9864:
9862:
9860:
9856:
9853:
9849:
9843:
9839:
9836:
9832:
9825:
9821:
9820:
9818:
9816:
9812:
9805:
9801:
9800:
9798:
9796:
9792:
9785:
9781:
9780:
9778:
9776:
9772:
9761:
9757:
9756:
9754:
9752:
9748:
9742:
9739:
9737:
9734:
9731:
9730:
9727:
9724:
9722:
9719:
9716:
9715:
9713:
9711:
9710:IFNGR (γ, II)
9707:
9701:
9698:
9695:
9694:
9691:
9688:
9686:
9683:
9681:
9678:
9676:
9673:
9671:
9668:
9665:
9664:
9661:
9658:
9656:
9653:
9651:
9648:
9646:
9643:
9641:
9638:
9636:
9633:
9630:
9626:
9622:
9619:
9617:
9614:
9612:
9609:
9607:
9604:
9602:
9599:
9597:
9594:
9591:
9587:
9583:
9579:
9575:
9571:
9567:
9563:
9559:
9555:
9551:
9547:
9543:
9539:
9536:
9534:
9531:
9529:
9528:Albinterferon
9526:
9523:
9522:
9520:
9518:
9514:
9511:
9509:
9505:
9495:
9492:
9490:
9487:
9485:
9482:
9480:
9477:
9475:
9472:
9469:
9468:
9466:
9464:
9460:
9453:
9449:
9448:
9446:
9444:
9440:
9434:
9431:
9428:
9427:
9424:
9421:
9419:
9416:
9414:
9411:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9401:
9398:
9397:
9395:
9393:
9389:
9383:
9380:
9378:
9375:
9373:
9370:
9367:
9366:
9363:
9360:
9358:
9355:
9353:
9350:
9348:
9345:
9343:
9340:
9338:
9335:
9332:
9331:
9329:
9327:
9326:GM-CSF (CSF2)
9323:
9317:
9314:
9312:
9311:Pegfilgrastim
9309:
9307:
9304:
9302:
9299:
9297:
9294:
9292:
9289:
9287:
9284:
9282:
9279:
9276:
9275:
9273:
9271:
9267:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9248:
9246:
9243:
9241:
9238:
9236:
9233:
9231:
9230:Epoetin theta
9228:
9226:
9225:Epoetin omega
9223:
9221:
9220:Epoetin kappa
9218:
9216:
9215:Epoetin gamma
9213:
9211:
9208:
9206:
9205:Epoetin delta
9203:
9201:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9176:
9173:
9171:
9168:
9165:
9164:
9162:
9160:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9147:
9140:
9136:
9135:
9133:
9131:
9127:
9123:
9120:
9113:
9108:
9106:
9101:
9099:
9094:
9093:
9090:
9074:
9071:
9069:
9066:
9064:
9061:
9059:
9056:
9054:
9051:
9050:
9049:
9042:
9038:
9035:
9033:
9030:
9029:
9028:
9021:
9020:
9019:
9016:
9014:
9011:
9010:
9005:
9002:
9000:
8997:
8996:
8995:
8994:
8990:
8989:
8987:
8981:
8971:
8968:
8966:
8963:
8959:
8956:
8954:
8951:
8950:
8949:
8948:Hematopoietic
8946:
8945:
8943:
8939:
8928:
8924:
8920:
8917:
8916:
8914:
8912:
8908:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8889:
8887:
8884:
8882:
8879:
8877:
8874:
8872:
8869:
8867:
8864:
8862:
8859:
8857:
8854:
8852:
8848:
8845:
8844:
8842:
8840:
8836:
8822:
8819:
8818:
8816:
8814:
8810:
8804:
8801:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8789:
8786:
8784:
8781:
8779:
8776:
8774:
8771:
8769:
8766:
8764:
8761:
8759:
8756:
8754:
8751:
8749:
8746:
8744:
8741:
8739:
8736:
8734:
8731:
8729:
8726:
8725:
8723:
8721:
8717:
8714:
8712:
8708:
8700:
8697:
8695:
8692:
8691:
8690:
8687:
8685:
8682:
8680:
8677:
8675:
8672:
8670:
8667:
8665:
8661:
8658:
8657:
8655:
8653:
8649:
8646:
8644:
8640:
8630:
8627:
8625:
8622:
8620:
8617:
8615:
8612:
8611:
8609:
8605:
8599:
8596:
8594:
8591:
8589:
8586:
8584:
8581:
8580:
8578:
8576:
8572:
8568:
8560:
8557:
8555:
8552:
8550:
8547:
8545:
8541:
8540:
8539:
8536:
8534:
8531:
8529:
8526:
8524:
8521:
8519:
8516:
8515:
8513:
8511:
8506:
8500:
8497:
8495:
8492:
8490:
8487:
8486:
8484:
8482:
8478:
8472:
8469:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8459:
8457:
8453:
8450:
8448:
8444:
8441:
8440:
8438:
8436:
8432:
8429:
8421:
8417:
8414:
8412:
8408:
8402:
8399:
8397:
8394:
8392:
8389:
8387:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8377:
8374:
8372:
8369:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8356:TNFSF5/CD40LG
8354:
8352:
8349:
8345:
8342:
8340:
8337:
8336:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8327:
8326:
8324:
8322:
8318:
8308:
8305:
8303:
8300:
8299:
8297:
8293:
8287:
8284:
8283:
8281:
8277:
8271:
8268:
8266:
8263:
8261:
8258:
8256:
8253:
8251:
8248:
8246:
8243:
8241:
8238:
8236:
8233:
8231:
8228:
8226:
8223:
8221:
8218:
8216:
8213:
8211:
8208:
8206:
8203:
8201:
8198:
8196:
8193:
8190:
8187:
8186:
8184:
8180:
8174:
8171:
8169:
8166:
8164:
8161:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8149:
8146:
8144:
8141:
8139:
8136:
8134:
8131:
8129:
8126:
8123:
8120:
8118:
8115:
8113:
8110:
8108:
8105:
8103:
8100:
8098:
8095:
8093:
8090:
8088:
8085:
8083:
8080:
8078:
8075:
8073:
8070:
8068:
8065:
8062:
8059:
8056:
8053:
8050:
8047:
8044:
8041:
8039:
8036:
8035:
8033:
8029:
8026:
8024:
8020:
8017:
8013:
8009:
8005:
7998:
7993:
7991:
7986:
7984:
7979:
7978:
7975:
7961:
7958:
7956:
7953:
7951:
7948:
7947:
7946:
7943:
7941:
7938:
7934:
7931:
7930:
7929:
7926:
7922:
7919:
7918:
7917:
7914:
7910:
7907:
7905:
7902:
7900:
7897:
7895:
7892:
7891:
7890:
7889:oligopeptides
7887:
7885:
7882:
7878:
7875:
7874:
7873:
7870:
7866:
7863:
7862:
7861:
7858:
7854:
7851:
7850:
7849:
7846:
7845:
7843:
7839:
7829:
7826:
7824:
7821:
7819:
7816:
7814:
7811:
7810:
7808:
7804:
7798:
7795:
7793:
7790:
7788:
7785:
7783:
7780:
7778:
7775:
7774:
7772:
7768:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7749:
7747:
7745:
7741:
7735:
7732:
7728:
7725:
7723:
7720:
7717:
7714:
7713:
7711:
7708:
7704:
7701:
7699:
7696:
7694:
7691:
7689:
7686:
7684:
7680:
7676:
7673:
7671:
7667:
7664:
7661:
7658:
7656:
7655:Albinterferon
7653:
7652:
7650:
7647:
7646:
7644:
7642:
7638:
7630:
7627:
7626:
7625:
7622:
7618:
7615:
7613:
7610:
7609:
7608:
7605:
7601:
7598:
7596:
7595:Pegfilgrastim
7592:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7582:Eflapegrastim
7580:
7578:
7575:
7574:
7573:
7570:
7569:
7567:
7565:
7561:
7558:
7556:
7552:
7549:
7545:
7540:
7536:
7529:
7524:
7522:
7517:
7515:
7510:
7509:
7506:
7490:
7488:
7485:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7467:
7463:
7453:
7450:
7448:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7435:
7433:
7429:
7423:
7420:
7418:
7415:
7414:
7412:
7410:
7406:
7400:
7399:Brincidofovir
7397:
7395:
7392:
7391:
7389:
7385:
7382:
7378:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7364:
7362:
7359:
7357:
7353:
7349:
7348:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7316:
7312:
7311:
7309:
7306:
7302:
7292:
7289:
7287:
7284:
7283:
7281:
7279:
7275:
7269:
7266:
7264:
7260:
7259:
7257:
7255:
7251:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7236:
7233:
7232:
7230:
7228:
7224:
7220:
7210:
7207:
7204:
7200:
7199:
7198:early protein
7195:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7174:
7172:
7168:
7158:
7155:
7154:
7152:
7148:
7137:
7133:
7132:
7128:
7127:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7112:
7109:
7108:
7107:
7106:
7102:
7101:
7097:
7094:
7091:
7087:
7084:
7082:
7078:
7077:
7073:
7072:
7070:
7068:
7064:
7057:
7053:
7052:
7048:
7047:
7043:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7030:
7027:
7025:
7021:
7017:
7016:
7012:
7011:
7009:
7007:
7003:
7000:
6997:
6993:
6990:
6986:DNA-synthesis
6984:
6981:
6979:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6966:
6961:
6957:
6953:
6949:
6946:
6939:
6934:
6932:
6927:
6925:
6920:
6919:
6916:
6902:
6896:
6891:
6887:
6881:
6876:
6872:
6866:
6861:
6860:
6857:
6848:
6843:
6841:
6836:
6834:
6829:
6828:
6825:
6817:
6813:
6809:
6806:
6802:
6799:
6796:
6792:
6791:
6786:
6782:
6778:
6777:
6766:
6762:
6758:
6754:
6750:
6746:
6741:
6736:
6732:
6728:
6723:
6719:
6715:
6711:
6707:
6703:
6699:
6695:
6691:
6686:
6682:
6678:
6674:
6670:
6666:
6662:
6657:
6653:
6649:
6645:
6641:
6637:
6633:
6628:
6624:
6620:
6616:
6612:
6608:
6604:
6600:
6596:
6590:
6586:
6582:
6578:
6574:
6570:
6566:
6561:
6557:
6553:
6549:
6545:
6542:(2): 95–109.
6541:
6537:
6532:
6528:
6522:
6517:
6516:
6509:
6508:
6495:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6477:
6473:
6469:
6465:
6461:
6454:
6446:
6442:
6437:
6432:
6428:
6424:
6420:
6416:
6412:
6405:
6397:
6393:
6389:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6371:
6367:
6363:
6356:
6348:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6320:
6316:
6312:
6308:
6304:
6297:
6289:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6261:
6257:
6253:
6249:
6245:
6238:
6230:
6226:
6222:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6204:
6200:
6199:FASEB Journal
6196:
6189:
6181:
6177:
6173:
6169:
6165:
6161:
6154:
6146:
6142:
6138:
6134:
6130:
6126:
6119:
6111:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6093:
6089:
6085:
6081:
6077:
6070:
6062:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6044:
6040:
6036:
6029:
6021:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6003:
5999:
5995:
5991:
5987:
5980:
5972:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5944:
5940:
5936:
5929:
5921:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5903:
5899:
5895:
5888:
5880:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5852:
5848:
5844:
5837:
5829:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5811:
5807:
5803:
5796:
5788:
5784:
5779:
5774:
5770:
5766:
5762:
5755:
5747:
5743:
5739:
5735:
5731:
5727:
5723:
5719:
5711:
5703:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5685:
5681:
5677:
5673:
5669:
5662:
5654:
5650:
5645:
5640:
5636:
5632:
5628:
5624:
5620:
5613:
5611:
5609:
5600:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5572:
5568:
5564:
5560:
5556:
5549:
5541:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5513:
5509:
5505:
5498:
5490:
5486:
5482:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5464:
5460:
5456:
5449:
5441:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5423:
5419:
5415:
5411:
5407:
5400:
5392:
5388:
5384:
5380:
5376:
5372:
5365:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5337:
5330:
5322:
5318:
5314:
5310:
5306:
5302:
5295:
5287:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5269:
5265:
5261:
5257:
5253:
5246:
5238:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5220:
5216:
5212:
5208:
5204:
5202:
5193:
5185:
5181:
5177:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5144:
5136:
5132:
5128:
5124:
5120:
5116:
5109:
5101:
5097:
5096:
5091:
5085:
5077:
5073:
5069:
5065:
5061:
5057:
5053:
5049:
5042:
5034:
5030:
5026:
5022:
5018:
5014:
5007:
4999:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4983:
4979:
4972:
4964:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4948:
4944:
4940:
4936:
4929:
4921:
4917:
4913:
4909:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4889:
4882:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4862:
4858:
4854:
4847:
4845:
4836:
4832:
4828:
4824:
4820:
4816:
4809:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4789:
4785:
4781:
4777:
4773:
4766:
4758:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4740:
4736:
4732:
4728:
4724:
4717:
4709:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4691:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4675:
4668:
4660:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4632:
4628:
4625:(5): e19105.
4624:
4620:
4616:
4609:
4601:
4597:
4593:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4575:
4571:
4567:
4560:
4552:
4548:
4544:
4540:
4536:
4532:
4528:
4524:
4517:
4509:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4481:
4477:
4473:
4466:
4458:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4432:
4425:
4417:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4376:
4368:
4364:
4360:
4356:
4352:
4348:
4344:
4340:
4333:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4309:
4305:
4301:
4297:
4290:
4282:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4254:
4250:
4246:
4239:
4231:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4213:
4209:
4205:
4201:
4197:
4190:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4133:
4131:
4122:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4081:
4073:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4040:
4038:
4029:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3988:
3980:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3947:
3943:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3931:
3929:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3885:
3877:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3834:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3793:
3785:
3779:
3771:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3728:
3720:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3664:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3621:
3619:
3617:
3608:
3604:
3600:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3582:
3578:
3574:
3567:
3565:
3563:
3561:
3552:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3522:
3518:
3511:
3509:
3500:
3494:
3486:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3445:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3396:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3345:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3294:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3243:
3235:
3231:
3225:
3217:
3213:
3207:
3200:
3196:
3191:
3189:
3187:
3179:
3175:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3161:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3108:
3106:
3096:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3010:glycosylation
3007:
3003:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2976:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2960:
2950:
2948:
2937:
2935:
2930:
2927:
2923:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2911:osteopetrosis
2908:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2889:
2877:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2838:
2823:
2819:
2811:
2810:phagolysosome
2807:
2806:mycobacterial
2798:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2767:blastomycosis
2764:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2734:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2686:
2678:
2662:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2624:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2580:
2576:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2550:serologically
2547:
2542:
2538:
2530:
2522:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2477:
2473:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2442:proliferation
2439:
2438:hematopoiesis
2435:
2432:trafficking,
2431:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2401:
2399:
2394:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2366:(IFNGR1) and
2365:
2359:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2328:
2323:
2319:
2312:
2307:
2303:
2300:
2290:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2269:; upregulate
2268:
2264:
2261:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2234:, as well as
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2145:immune system
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2085:proliferation
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1966:
1959:
1953:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1892:
1885:
1884:ChEMBL1201564
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1816:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1789:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1756:
1751:
1743:
1738:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1681:Clinical data
1679:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1616:
1611:
1607:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1509:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1489:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1445:
1439:
1435:
1432:
1426:
1424:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1400:
1398:
1392:
1388:
1385:
1379:
1377:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1362:RefSeq (mRNA)
1360:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1283:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1263:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
688:
686:
683:
682:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
647:
645:
642:
641:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
621:
619:
616:
615:
612:
611:Gene ontology
608:
604:
592:
587:
583:
578:
575:
573:
569:
561:
556:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
508:
505:
501:
496:
493:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
446:
443:
439:
434:
431:
430:
427:
425:
421:
419:
418:
414:
413:
410:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
384:
379:
375:
371:
366:
356:
352:
345:
338:
332:
325:
317:
313:
309:
304:
300:
295:
291:
283:
278:
274:
270:
265:
255:
251:
244:
237:
231:
224:
220:
214:
210:
206:
201:
197:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
140:
135:
128:
123:
118:
107:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
83:
78:
75:
74:
70:
67:
60:
56:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
10203:
10202:
10134:Lestaurtinib
10125:
10095:
10033:Ritlecitinib
9965:Lestaurtinib
9912:Upadacitinib
9741:Fontolizumab
9732:
9720:
9717:
9696:
9685:Rontalizumab
9666:
9524:
9479:Pegacaristim
9470:
9429:
9399:
9392:M-CSF (CSF1)
9372:Mavrilimumab
9368:
9362:Sargramostim
9352:Molgramostim
9337:Ecogramostim
9333:
9306:Nartograstim
9277:
9270:G-CSF (CSF3)
9255:Peginesatide
9235:Epoetin zeta
9200:Epoetin beta
9195:Epoetin alfa
9166:
9043:
9031:
9022:
8991:
8983:By function/
8820:
8694:IL28/IFNL2+3
7960:Sipuleucel-T
7928:thiazolidine
7782:Immunocyanin
7744:Interleukins
7733:
7709:
7648:
7617:Sargramostim
7612:Molgramostim
7438:Filociclovir
7350:
7313:
7261:
7209:Tromantadine
7196:
7129:
7103:
7086:Trifluridine
7074:
7049:
7024:Valaciclovir
7013:
6900:
6885:
6870:
6815:
6788:
6730:
6726:
6696:(316): pe1.
6693:
6689:
6664:
6660:
6638:(1): 87–94.
6635:
6631:
6598:
6594:
6568:
6564:
6539:
6535:
6514:
6467:
6463:
6453:
6418:
6414:
6404:
6369:
6365:
6355:
6310:
6306:
6296:
6251:
6247:
6237:
6202:
6198:
6188:
6163:
6159:
6153:
6128:
6124:
6118:
6083:
6079:
6069:
6042:
6038:
6028:
5993:
5989:
5979:
5942:
5938:
5928:
5901:
5897:
5887:
5850:
5846:
5836:
5809:
5805:
5795:
5768:
5764:
5754:
5724:(1): 20–29.
5721:
5717:
5710:
5675:
5671:
5661:
5626:
5622:
5562:
5558:
5548:
5511:
5507:
5497:
5465:(1): 64–79.
5462:
5458:
5448:
5413:
5409:
5399:
5374:
5370:
5364:
5339:
5335:
5329:
5304:
5300:
5294:
5259:
5255:
5245:
5210:
5206:
5200:
5192:
5157:
5153:
5143:
5118:
5114:
5108:
5093:
5084:
5051:
5047:
5041:
5016:
5012:
5006:
4981:
4977:
4971:
4938:
4934:
4928:
4895:
4891:
4881:
4856:
4852:
4818:
4814:
4808:
4775:
4771:
4765:
4730:
4726:
4716:
4681:
4677:
4667:
4622:
4618:
4608:
4573:
4569:
4559:
4529:(1): 51–57.
4526:
4522:
4516:
4479:
4475:
4465:
4438:
4434:
4424:
4389:
4385:
4375:
4342:
4338:
4332:
4299:
4295:
4289:
4252:
4248:
4238:
4203:
4199:
4189:
4146:
4143:FEBS Letters
4142:
4094:
4090:
4080:
4053:
4049:
4001:
3997:
3987:
3960:
3956:
3894:
3890:
3884:
3843:
3839:
3833:
3798:
3792:
3778:
3741:
3737:
3727:
3692:
3688:
3634:
3630:
3580:
3576:
3524:
3520:
3493:
3458:
3454:
3444:
3409:
3405:
3395:
3354:
3350:
3344:
3303:
3299:
3293:
3252:
3248:
3242:
3233:
3224:
3215:
3206:
3144:
3125:
3116:microtubules
3109:
3102:
3082:
3079:Interactions
3073:angiogenesis
3065:osteoporosis
3057:
3033:
3021:
2995:
2977:
2957:The goal of
2956:
2943:
2931:
2919:
2915:
2904:
2892:
2886:
2883:
2870:trophoblasts
2866:
2864:of decidua.
2844:
2799:
2793:, pulmonary
2747:tuberculosis
2740:
2701:
2691:2 cells and
2658:
2634:retroviruses
2604:class II MHC
2570:activity of
2554:
2518:
2498:
2482:
2455:
2407:
2395:
2391:
2361:
2344:
2326:
2317:
2310:
2296:
2256:
2250:(TGF-β) and
2189:
2106:
2046:
2038:
2035:tuberculosis
2023:supernatants
2019:Mantoux test
1990:
1978:
1974:
1973:
1962:
1956:
1441:
1420:
1394:
1373:
1349:
1330:
1304:
1285:
1259:
1240:
1220:
1215:
422:
415:
381:118,281,797
368:118,276,951
142:External IDs
85:
29:
10144:Quizartinib
10139:Midostaurin
10028:Peficitinib
9990:Ruxolitinib
9985:Peficitinib
9940:Baricitinib
9902:Ruxolitinib
9897:Peficitinib
9892:Oclacitinib
9887:Momelotinib
9872:Baricitinib
9867:Abrocitinib
9775:Interleukin
9733:Antibodies:
9690:Sifalimumab
9675:Faralimomab
9670:Anifrolumab
9667:Antibodies:
9489:Romiplostim
9474:Eltrombopag
9443:SCF (c-Kit)
9369:Antibodies:
9357:Regramostim
9291:Lenograstim
8911:IL17 family
8652:IL10 family
8571:IL12 family
8423:(grouped by
8411:Interleukin
8334:Lymphotoxin
7904:Thymosin α1
7899:Thymopentin
7884:Mifamurtide
7848:beta-glucan
7752:Aldesleukin
7641:Interferons
7600:Lenograstim
7477:from market
7447:Taribavirin
7339:Telbivudine
7305:Hepatitis B
7291:Tecovirimat
7286:Methisazone
7081:Idoxuridine
7042:Famciclovir
7038:Penciclovir
7029:Ganciclovir
6978:Herpesvirus
6969:Baltimore I
6950:(primarily
6853:PDB gallery
6601:: 180–190.
5904:: 843–847.
5580:2445/190198
5160:(1): 7–15.
4892:Biologicals
3040:necroptosis
3014:recombinant
2947:fibronectin
2779:berylliosis
2771:sarcoidosis
2653:macrophages
2600:class I MHC
2572:macrophages
2440:, and cell
2279:macrophages
2220:interleukin
2129:macrophages
2073:macrophages
2007:lymphocytes
1995:interferons
1950: g·mol
1753:Identifiers
1715:MedlinePlus
1687:Trade names
1539:Identifiers
526:bone marrow
514:granulocyte
472:gallbladder
452:granulocyte
280:68,159,740
267:68,154,768
120:Identifiers
10220:Categories
10129:Emfilermin
9980:Pacritinib
9882:Filgotinib
9848:inhibitors
9736:Emapalumab
9508:Interferon
9433:Agerafenib
9423:Mirimostim
9413:Lanimostim
9347:Milodistim
9296:Leridistim
9281:Filgrastim
9122:modulators
9018:Lymphokine
8856:IL1B/IL1F2
8851:IL1A/IL1F1
8847:IL1 family
8711:Interferon
8699:IL29/IFNL1
7877:Roquinimex
7865:Plerixafor
7797:Tasonermin
7787:Pegademase
7757:Oprelvekin
7587:Filgrastim
7547:Endogenous
7452:Moroxydine
7409:Interferon
7329:Lamivudine
7278:Poxviridae
7268:Rifampicin
7239:Resiquimod
7203:Fomivirsen
7187:Letermovir
7177:Amenamevir
7136:Cytarabine
7121:Sorivudine
7090:+tipiracil
7056:Vidarabine
6948:antivirals
4778:(1): 1–6.
4482:: 925135.
3201:, May 2017
3180:, May 2017
3157:References
3141:Regulation
2964:durvalumab
2909:(CGD) and
2880:Production
2711:osteoclast
2697:Th17 cells
2667:1 cells: T
2638:TRIM5alpha
2548:and it is
2546:interferon
2527:1 cells),
2507:, and the
2466:homodimers
2356:See also:
2015:peritoneal
2011:tuberculin
1999:leukocytes
1939:Molar mass
1844:21K6M2I7AG
1819:ChemSpider
1788:98059-61-1
1779:CAS Number
1762:IUPAC name
1625:structures
660:perikaryon
456:lymph node
426:(ortholog)
163:HomoloGene
10236:Cytokines
10154:Sunitinib
10149:Sorafenib
10058:ZM-449829
10048:WHI-P 154
10038:TCS-21311
9975:NSC-33994
9930:Atiprimod
9718:Agonists:
9700:Bifarcept
9525:Agonists:
9471:Agonists:
9403:Cilmostim
9400:Agonists:
9377:Namilumab
9334:Agonists:
9278:Agonists:
9167:Agonists:
9130:Chemokine
8896:33/IL1F11
8861:1Ra/IL1F3
8508:IL6 like/
8225:CXCL8/IL8
8023:Chemokine
8015:By family
8008:cytokines
7933:Pidotimod
7841:Exogenous
7828:Vitamin D
7823:Poly ICLC
7792:Prolactin
7555:Cytokines
7487:Phase III
7475:Withdrawn
7443:Ribavirin
7394:Cidofovir
7344:Clevudine
7334:Lobucavir
7324:Entecavir
7235:Imiquimod
7192:Maribavir
7182:Docosanol
7157:Foscarnet
7111:Brivudine
7096:Edoxudine
7020:Aciclovir
6998:activated
6988:inhibitor
6945:DNA virus
6735:CiteSeerX
5765:Structure
5514:(1): 49.
5184:207014054
5054:: f5687.
4898:: 52–60.
4859:: 48–60.
4800:207489059
4345:: 30–40.
3957:Structure
3949:;
3151:microRNAs
3127:Chlamydia
3120:acyclovir
3036:apoptosis
3006:autophagy
3002:apoptosis
2966:to treat
2743:granuloma
2629:migration
2627:leukocyte
2559:Promotes
2426:apoptosis
2404:Signaling
2345:Figure 3.
2327:Figure 2.
2311:Figure 1.
2297:The IFNG
2293:Structure
2163:(NK) and
2121:bacterial
1993:class of
1983:dimerized
1707:Monograph
1701:Drugs.com
1691:Actimmune
1583:IPR002069
1547:IFN gamma
1444:NP_032363
1423:NP_000610
1397:NM_008337
1376:NM_000619
1206:Orthologs
670:cytoplasm
171:GeneCards
10197:Medicine
10053:ZM-39923
9970:NSC-7908
9935:AZD-1480
9826:instead.
9806:instead.
9786:instead.
9762:instead.
9680:MEDI-545
9454:instead.
9382:Otilimab
9185:CNTO-530
9141:instead.
9013:Monokine
8542:+non IL
8427:subunit)
8425:receptor
8396:TNFSF13B
8344:TNFC/LTB
8339:TNFB/LTA
7945:vaccines
7909:Thymulin
7853:Lentinan
7629:Ancestim
7361:Adefovir
7263:assembly
7254:Vaccinia
7131:cytosine
6757:17363708
6718:85320208
6710:16391178
6681:16375755
6652:15638726
6623:25378236
6615:15361241
6585:12401479
6556:11900986
6494:23746840
6445:18061676
6396:14722737
6388:11832212
6347:16020528
6288:16959883
6229:25298471
6180:12088678
6145:15245740
6110:12388715
6061:19906941
5971:24567732
5920:23175340
5879:27027876
5787:10986460
5746:12800448
5738:28803068
5702:25867264
5653:30039553
5599:36171009
5540:33005420
5489:46922378
5481:29856726
5440:26694988
5321:18620137
5286:33354116
5237:30911578
5176:25335475
5135:26634868
5076:27716008
5068:24055923
5033:18991804
4963:46986837
4920:28204059
4912:27810255
4873:27794496
4792:24188446
4757:10899912
4708:19026454
4659:21559306
4619:PLOS ONE
4600:90897269
4592:25092892
4551:28504428
4543:22011444
4508:22474485
4457:30433869
4416:31732166
4386:Immunity
4367:73482632
4359:30784898
4339:Cytokine
4324:15862242
4316:14525967
4281:29780381
4230:24555472
4181:45942972
4121:15270718
4028:19833085
3998:Immunity
3979:10986460
3868:25592534
3825:17981204
3770:30254639
3744:: 2061.
3719:30191398
3663:29780381
3599:15864272
3551:10688427
3436:29861335
3387:32651832
3328:17838106
3197:–
3176:–
3099:Diseases
3085:interact
3054:Barriers
2997:in vitro
2988:melanoma
2862:necrosis
2858:decidual
2703:NK cells
2661:cytokine
2646:Tetherin
2568:lysosome
2563:activity
2537:NK cells
2434:cytokine
2192:T helper
2171:Th1 and
2115:against
2103:Function
2061:T helper
2057:adaptive
1987:cytokine
1985:soluble
1965:(verify)
1799:DrugBank
1729:ATC code
1642:RCSB PDB
1578:InterPro
1492:Wikidata
1185:Sources:
538:duodenum
464:appendix
448:testicle
10185:Biology
10171:Portals
9995:SD-1008
9170:ARA-290
8901:18/IL1G
8643:Type II
8575:IL12RB1
8481:β chain
8435:γ chain
8391:TNFSF13
8386:TNFSF11
8381:TNFSF10
8063:/RANTES
7718:natural
7662:natural
7105:thymine
7076:uridine
7051:adenine
7015:guanine
6954:, also
6795:PDBe-KB
6785:UniProt
6485:3804311
6436:2678893
6338:1180788
6315:Bibcode
6279:1599917
6256:Bibcode
6221:1907934
6020:9060466
6011:2132479
5962:3915238
5870:4814063
5828:7673114
5693:4453666
5644:6143921
5590:9528578
5531:7526126
5431:4985031
5391:8432915
5356:9532976
5277:7735154
5228:6414489
4998:1320672
4955:1372855
4835:2447775
4748:2193246
4699:2789833
4650:3085516
4627:Bibcode
4499:3312336
4407:6892583
4272:5945880
4255:: 847.
4221:4313732
4173:1901275
4151:Bibcode
4112:1134092
4072:9556569
4019:2774226
3919:1902591
3899:Bibcode
3891:Science
3876:4386692
3848:Bibcode
3761:6141705
3710:6235777
3654:5945880
3637:: 847.
3607:1472195
3542:4154595
3521:Allergy
3485:6403645
3476:2186972
3428:4321289
3379:5783715
3359:Bibcode
3351:Science
3336:1366348
3308:Bibcode
3300:Science
3285:4275528
3277:6180322
3257:Bibcode
3199:Ensembl
3178:Ensembl
3023:E. coli
2751:leprosy
2721:in the
2594:B cells
2561:NK cell
2299:monomer
2267:B cells
2216:B cells
2214:), and
2181:antigen
2119:, some
2077:B cells
1991:type II
1900:Formula
1808:DB00033
1745:)
1739: (
1737:L03AB03
1721:a601152
1558:PF00714
1318:UniProt
1273:Ensembl
1212:Species
1191:QuickGO
522:jejunum
401:pattern
127:Aliases
10089:Others
9955:CYT387
9945:CHZ868
9834:Others
9590:IFNA21
9586:IFNA17
9582:IFNA16
9578:IFNA14
9574:IFNA13
9570:IFNA10
8891:IL1F10
8788:IFNA21
8783:IFNA17
8778:IFNA16
8773:IFNA14
8768:IFNA13
8763:IFNA10
8420:Type I
8376:TNFSF9
8371:TNFSF8
8366:TNFSF7
8361:TNFSF6
8351:TNFSF4
8286:CX3CL1
8270:CXCL17
8265:CXCL16
8260:CXCL15
8255:CXCL14
8250:CXCL13
8245:CXCL12
8240:CXCL11
8235:CXCL10
8057:/MIP1β
8051:/MIP1α
7607:GM-CSF
7470:WHO-EM
7356:NtRTIs
7319:NARTIs
7116:FV-100
6807:(MeSH)
6790:P01579
6765:254247
6763:
6755:
6737:
6716:
6708:
6679:
6650:
6621:
6613:
6583:
6554:
6523:
6492:
6482:
6443:
6433:
6394:
6386:
6345:
6335:
6286:
6276:
6227:
6219:
6178:
6143:
6108:
6101:136787
6098:
6059:
6018:
6008:
5969:
5959:
5945:: 15.
5918:
5877:
5867:
5826:
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