Iraqi Ground Forces

2314: 779: 2465: 397: 1323:

would exploit the success passing though the Golani's lines and seize the town itself. The Golani attack to the north made good progress - despite the Alexandronis failing to execute their feint - and took a series of hills, villages and police posts en route to Nablus. The Iraqi defenders responded slowly and Israeli infantry repeatedly occupied key positions before Iraqi armoured car battalions arrived. The Golanis outmaneuvered the Iraqi forces in a series of skirmishes, outflanking and mauling them before they could retreat on multiple occasions. The Iraqis kept launching determined attacks against positions already occupied by the Israelis who, by then dug in, easily threw them back. The Israelis were now in a good position to assault Jenin.

2952: 1351:, was keen to upgrade the Iraqi Army as part of a wider effort to defend against a feared Soviet invasion in the event of war. A British MELF advisory team was dispatched there in November–December 1950. The team estimated that Iraqi's forces of the time, two divisions and a mechanized brigade, but deemed ill-equipped and 'not up to establishment' would have to be increased, and a total of four divisions, three additional brigades, and more artillery units would be needed. The shortage of trained technical personnel was 'grave,' and the Iraqis were 'incapable of maintaining even the limited equipment already in their possession.' In January 1951 the British 2860: 3211: 1600:

two mechanised infantry divisions with ten more forming ("several are probably already operational"). The first new divisions were created in 1981 when the 11th and 12th Border Guard Divisions were converted into infantry formations and the 14th Infantry Division was formed. Yet the rise in number of divisions is misleading, because during the war Iraqi divisions abandoned a standard organisation with permanent ('organic') brigades assigned to each division. Instead division headquarters were assigned a mission or sector and then assigned brigades to carry out the task - up to eight to ten brigades on some occasions.

2448:. At the time, the IFGC was commanded by Lt. Gen. Abdul-Qadar. In 2006 the ten planned divisions began to be certified and assume battlespace responsibility: the 6th and 8th before June 26, 2006, the 9th on June 26, 2006, the 5th on July 3, 2006, the 4th on August 8, 2006, and the 2nd on December 21, 2006. After divisions were certified, they began to be transferred from U.S. operational control to Iraqi control of the IGFC. The 8th Division was transferred on September 7, 2006, and the 3rd Division on December 1, 2006. Another unspecified division also was transferred to IGFC control. Also transferred to the Iraqi 2556:, people affiliated with terrorist organizations, and anyone with human rights violations or crimes against humanity were prohibited from entering the new army. However the army was infiltrated by a multitude of groups ranging from local militias to foreign insurgents. This has led to highly publicized deaths and compromised operations (perhaps the most prominent being the attack on a US military base near Mosul in December 2004. More than 20 people, including 13 American servicemen, were killed when a suicide bomber wearing an Iraqi military uniform detonated his vest inside a dining tent). 7362: 1169: 1797:

figures still maintain fatalities could have been as high as 200,000. A report commissioned by the U.S. Air Force, estimated 10,000-12,000 Iraqi combat deaths in the air campaign and as many as 10,000 casualties in the ground war. This analysis is based on Iraqi prisoner of war reports. It is known that between 20,000 and 200,000 Iraqi soldiers were killed. According to the Project on Defense Alternatives study, 3,664 Iraqi civilians and between 20,000 and 26,000 military personnel were killed in the conflict. 75,000 Iraqi soldiers were wounded in the fighting.

1040: 667: 289: 2058: 1382: 2943:

manning of each brigade. nits were weaker and many were too demoralized or lightly equipped to do more than hold in place. A year later, by January 2016, significant progress has been made in terms of available forces albeit largely by shuffling around personnel and raising around a dozen new and very small 1,000-strong brigades." The new 15th and 16th Divisions have been identified, which appear to comprise some of the new brigades that Knights mentions, including the 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 75th, and 76th.

1934: 3276: 2994:

logistics battalions, 2 support battalions, 5 Regional Support Units, and 91 Garrison Support Units were intended to provide logistics and support for each division, with Taji National Depot providing depot-level maintenance and resupply. Each battalion, brigade, and division headquarters was to be supported by a Headquarters and Service Company (HSC) providing logistical and maintenance support. The army was also planned to include 17 Strategic Infrastructure Battalions and an

2107: 7355: 1654: 7369: 3139: 9204: 9214: 1998: 2401: 3327: 1584: 8084: 7348: 7110: 3607: 1510: 66: 3303:(TACOM) stated that they would award a contract worth $ 259,321,656 to ANHAM Joint Venture in exchange for procuring the necessary equipment (and providing its required training) for a minimum of 15 and a maximum of 35 battalions. The minimum bid would begin to be delivered immediately and further orders could be placed until the maximum of 35 battalion sets or September 2006 after the first order was fully delivered. 1161:

at noon the Israelis were reinforced by another battalion. This new balance of combat power lead the exhausted and bloodied Iraqis to decide they did not possess the strength to dislodge the Israelis, and they retired from the field. After these defeats, the ALA took several months to resume operations, but by then most of its Iraqi contingent had joined the main Iraqi expeditionary force that had arrived in northern

301: 9224: 1566:, two infantry brigades, twelve artillery battalions, and a special forces brigade. The two armoured divisions were, Pollack says, 'unquestionably the best formations of the Iraqi Army.' Yet during their operations on the Golan Heights, their performance was awful in virtually every category of military effectiveness. Military intelligence, initiative, and small unit independent action was virtually absent. 9234: 1750: 1336:

eventually retook the southwestern hill from the exhausted Israelis. A fierce battle developed for control of Jenin itself, and although in a continuous stalemate, the Iraqi commander kept feeding fresh troops into the fight until the Israelis concluded that holding the town was not worth the price in casualties and pulled back to the hills north of Jenin. They suffered heavy casualties in the

6512: 4346:, pp. 173–175, citing among others Tzvi Ofer, 'The Iraqi Army in the Yom Kippur War,' transl. 'Hatzav,' Tel Aviv: Ma'arachot, 1986, p.128-65. Pollack notes that the various accounts of Iraqi operations on the Golan Heights are highly contradictory. He relies on Ofer, 1986, which is an Israeli General Staff critique of the official Iraqi General Staff analysis of the battle. 2796:. The MiTTs provided intelligence, communications, fire support, logistics and infantry tactics advice. Larger scale operations were often done jointly with U.S. forces. The training aimed to make the battalion self-sustainable tactically, operationally and logistically so that the battalion would have been prepared to take over responsibility for a particular area. 2055:, including Basitin, Shush, and Dezful sectors. Maj Gen Hisham Sahab al-Fakhri, previously 10th Armoured Division commander, was appointed as the corps commander. 1st Mechanised, 10th Armoured, and 14th Infantry Division were allocated to the corps, leaving 3rd Corps with 3rd and 9th Armoured, 5th Mechanised, and 11th Infantry Divisions. 2576:"..for all the U.S. efforts, Iraq’s special operations forces continued being flown to their targets on American helicopters and relied heavily on U.S. intelligence to plan their missions. Iraqi tank crews, artillery batteries, and infantry battalions had been trained separately and were not practiced in combined arms warfare. 2537:

mid-Euphrates region, and Ninawa, and others would follow. Initially coalition leaders welcomed the idea of regional commands that could create unity of Iraqi effort, but their enthusiasm faded as Maliki began to use the new headquarters to bypass the formal chain of command," which came to resemble the operating mode of the

6861: 3595:(SIGIR) notes that out of the 370,000 weapons turned over to the U.S. since the fall of Saddam's regime, only 12,000 serial numbers have been recorded. The lack of proper accounting for these weapons makes the acquisition of small arms by anti-governmental forces such as insurgents or sectarian militias much easier. 1130:

town, the Israelis attacked at night under cover of a rainstorm and surprised the defenders. The Arabs resisted fiercely and forced the Israelis to fight house to house but ultimately were ejected from the town. After this defeat, the Arab force gave up the last police fort without a fight and withdrew.

3058:

is a new military formation intended to include members from the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 12th IA divisions that melted away during the rapid advance of ISIS in June 2014. This formation will almost certainly include volunteer fighters, most likely displaced persons from Mosul, who reside in refugee camps.

2396:

area which they were ordered to attack. In September 2004, a senior member of the National Guard, General Talib al-Lahibi was arrested on suspicion of having links with insurgent groups. In December 2004, it was announced that the Iraqi National Guard would be dissolved. At this time its strength was

1599:

doubled the size of the Iraqi Army. In 1981, Pollack writes it numbered 200,000 soldiers in 12 divisions and 3 independent brigades, but by 1985, it reached 500,000 men in 23 divisions and nine brigades. An April 1983 CIA estimate suggests that Iraq had at that time five armoured; seven infantry; and

1549:

Following the Arab defeat in 1967, Jordan became a hotbed of Palestinian activity. During this time PLO elements attempted to create a Palestinian state within Jordan caused the Jordanians to launch their full military force against the PLO. As they were doing this Syria invaded Jordan and Iraq moved

1322:

The Israeli preemptive offensive began on the night of 28 May and caught the Iraqis by surprise. The plan called for the Alexandroni Brigade to make a diversionary attack against Tulkarm, while the Golanis would drive south toward Jenin; holding the high ground to the north. Then, the Carmeli Brigade

734:

in 1936. Upon achieving independence in 1932, political tensions arose over the continued British presence in Iraq, with Iraq's government and politicians split between those considered pro-British and those who were considered anti-British. The pro-British faction was represented by politicians such

2982:

commented in 2007 that "It is important to note that in the initial fielding plan, five army divisions would be tied to the regions from where they were recruited and the other five would be deployable throughout Iraq. This was partially due to the legacy of some army divisions being formed from the

2850:

Budget problems continued to hinder the manning of combat support and combat service support units. The lack of soldiers entering boot camp is forcing Iraqi leaders at all levels to face the dual challenge of manning and training enabler units out of existing manpower. In the 2015 Pentagon budget, a

1983:

on May 23, 2003, after its decisive defeat. Bremer said that it was not feasible to reconstitute the armed forces. His justifications for the disbandment included postwar looting, which had destroyed all the bases; that the largely Shiite draftees of the army would not respond to a recall plea from

1796:

While the exact number of Iraqi combat casualties has yet to be firmly determined, sources agree that the losses were substantial. Immediate estimates said up to 100,000 Iraqis were killed. More recent estimates indicate that Iraq probably sustained between 20,000 and 35,000 fatalities, though other

1160:

held by Iraqi ALA irregulars. The Palmach secured a foothold with a surprise night attack that took the monastery dominating the ridge. In the morning the Iraqis launched a furious counterattack that evolved into an extremely tough fight, but eventually the Iraqis called off their attack to regroup;

1078:

having a force of 100 aircraft (mostly British); sending initially 5,000 men in four infantry brigades and an armoured battalion with corresponding support personnel. Iraq continuously sent reinforcements to its expeditionary force, peaking at 15–18,000 men. Iraq also contributed 2,500 volunteers to

3298:

In February 2004 the U.S. government announced that Nour USA was awarded a $ 327,485,798 contract to procure equipment for both the Iraqi Army and the Iraqi National Guard; however, this contract was canceled in March 2004 when an internal Army investigation (initiated due to complaints from losing

2942:

Michael Knights wrote in 2016 that the rebuilding from the mid-2014 disaster had been steady but "very slow". "By January 2015 a fair number of brigades had been salvaged and a couple of new brigades were built but the overall frontline combat strength of the ISF was halved due to attrition in the

2536:

In late 2008, United States personnel were worried by Prime Minister Maliki's attempt to exert control over the Iraqi Army and police by proliferating regional operations commands. "Using the Baghdad Operations Command as his precedent, Maliki created other regional commands in Basrah, Diyala, the

2321:

Based on Bush administration expectations that coalition forces would be welcomed as liberators after the overthrow of the Hussein regime, prewar planners had only been expecting little if any resistance from the Iraqi people. Thus the new army was initially focused on external defence operations.

559:

In 1922, the army totalled 3,618 men. This was well below the 6,000 men requested by the Iraqi monarchy and even less than the limit set by the British of 4,500. Unattractive salaries hindered early recruiting efforts. At this time, the United Kingdom maintained the right to levy local forces like

3008:

As of July 2009, the Iraqi Army had 14 divisions (1st-12th, 14th, and 17th, the designation 13 not being used), containing 56 brigades or 185 combat battalions. The designations "15th" and "16th" had been reserved for forces to be formed from the Kurds (which did not eventuate). Each division had

2993:

report of August 2006, plans at that time called for the Iraqi Army to be built up to an approximately 137,500-person force. This was based around an Army with 9 infantry divisions and one mechanised division consisting of 36 brigades and 112 battalions. Nine Motorized Transportation Regiments, 5

2579:

Logistics remained a challenge, and the Iraqi Army had an enormous and costly maintenance backlog. The Iraqis had no counter-battery radar system to pinpoint the location of rocket attacks on the Green Zone—the fortified sanctuary that served as the seat of the Iraqi government—or, as yet, an air

2433:

Coalition support limited to logistics and strategic planning, whilst another 20-30 battalions still needed major Coalition support to carry out their operations. As of October 5, 2005 the Iraqi Army had 90 battalions trained well enough to be "deployed independently", without United States help.

1466:

gained independence from Britain and Iraq claimed sovereignty over Kuwait. As in the 1930s, Qasim based Iraq's claim on the assertion that Kuwait had been a district of the Ottoman province of Basra, unjustly severed by the British from the main body of Iraqi state when it had been created in the

2076:

6th Corps – Malovany 2017 writes that on 25 March 1985, an army meeting chaired by Saddam in Baghdad decided to transform the East Tigris Headquarters into a regular corps, the 6th Corps. It was to be reinforced with four additional divisions; as the 35th Division had been transferred to the 4th

1355:

wrote that the Iraqi Army's ability '..to wage modern warfare against a first class enemy is practically nil ... in its present state, the Iraqi army would be entirely incapable of remaining an effective force for more than ten hours of battle ... must be used in war in cooperation with a field

1129:

in April. The Israelis brought a new battalion in May and immediately took one of the forts. With the arrival of another battalion, the Israelis assaulted the town itself under cover of mortar fire but the Arabs succeeded in forcing back repeated assaults. Four days after the first attack in the

2855:

fighters". The same November 2014 article contended that corruption is endemic in the Iraqi Army. It quoted Col. Shaaban al-Obeidi of the internal security forces, who told the paper: "Corruption is everywhere." The article claimed that one Iraqi general is known as "chicken guy" because of his

1283:

road. The Israeli attacks were extremely heavy, prompting the Jordanians to plead with the Iraqis to attack to draw off Israeli forces from Latrum; either northwest toward Haifa or north into Galilee. The Iraqi army was slow to respond and only launched two half-hearted attacks that were easily

3226:

Soldiers later go on to enroll in more specific advanced courses targeted for their respective fields. This could involve going to the Military Intelligence School, the Signal School, the Bomb Disposal School, the Combat Arms Branch School, the Engineer School, and the Military Police School.

3222:

Iraqi Army recruits undergo a standard eight-week basic training course that includes basic soldiering skills, weapons marksmanship and individual tactics. Former soldiers are eligible for an abbreviated three-week "Direct Recruit Replacement Training" course designed to replace regular basic

2432:

supported by U.S. allies. It was impeded by domestic instability, infiltration by insurgents, and high desertion rates. By June 2005, the number of battalions in the new army had grown to around 115. Out of this number, it was deemed that 80 were able to carry out operations in the field with

1689:

divisions were included. Eisenstadt notes that four Republican Guards security divisions were formed between the invasion of Kuwait and the outbreak of war. They remained in Iraq during the war. Although the coalition ground forces believed they faced approximately 545,000 Iraqi troops at the

2811:

argued that the roughly twelve advisors per Iraqi battalion (approximately 500 troops) was less than half the sufficient amount needed to efficiently implement the combat advisory effort. Krepinevich argues that officers try to avoid taking on advisory tasks due to the US Army's practice of

1335:

launched a clumsy frontal night assault but still managed to push off the Iraqis off both hills in a protracted battle. The next morning the Iraqis brought up fresh forces and counterattacked with a reinforced battalion, with artillery support and inaccurate (albeit helpful) airstrikes, that

1604:

The war came at a great cost in lives and economic damage - a half a million Iraqi and Iranian soldiers as well as civilians are believed to have died in the war with many more injured and wounded - but brought neither reparations nor change in borders. The conflict is often compared to

1525:

was deployed in eastern Jordan. However, the Israeli attack against the West Bank unfolded so quickly that the Iraqi force could not organise itself and reach the front before Jordan ceased fighting. Repeated Israeli airstrikes also held them up so that by the time they did reach the

3075:

estimated that the Army was about 180,000 strong, with three SF brigades, a ranger brigade HQ which supervised one ranger battalion; the 9th Armoured Division (2 armoured brigades, 2 mech bdes); the 5th, 8th & 10th Divisions with four mechanised infantry brigades each; the

3349:, with the intent to transfer them to Iraq as a gift. Domestic political opposition in Switzerland successfully froze the sale, fearing that the export would violate the country's longstanding tradition of neutrality as well as perhaps make Switzerland a target for terrorism. 2379:

by July 2004) was formed. Coalition commanders formed these militia-type units separately in each area; only later were they gradually brought together as one force. There were several instances where they have refused to take military action against fellow Iraqis, such as in

1196:, allowing the combat units to cross into Palestine. Over 3,000 Iraqi soldiers with armor and air support were unable to defeat less than 50 lightly armed Jewish defenders. After the crossing, the Iraqis immediately launched a frontal assault against the Israeli settlement of 3150:

There are three levels of troop capability in the new army: one, two, and three. Level three refers to troops that have just completed basic training, level two refers to troops that are able to work with soldiers, and level one refers to troops that can work by themselves.

2452:

were smaller logistics units: on November 1, 2006, the 5th Motor Transport Regiment (MTR) was the fifth of nine MTRs to be transferred to the Iraqi Army divisions. 2007 plans included, MNF-I said, great efforts to make the Iraqi Army able to sustain itself logistically.

1267:

in two. While setting down the Iraqis were reinforced by another infantry brigade and another armoured battalion. The build-up continued steadily, with the expeditionary force reaching seven or eight infantry brigades, an armoured brigade and three air force squadrons.

692:

There were doubts about the army's actual capabilities, however. In 1928, the number of British officers commanding Iraqi units was increased because Iraqi officers were slow to adapt to modern warfare. The army's first real test occurred in 1931, when Kurdish leader

927:

against the Iraqis. By this time, the army had grown significantly. It had four infantry divisions with some 60,000 men. At full strength, each division had three infantry brigades (3 battalions each) plus supporting units - including artillery brigades. The Iraqi

1098:, with 2,500 Syrian volunteers providing a third of the force, with another third provided by the Iraqis; the rest being Arab Palestinians, Lebanese and other Muslims. Its commander Fawzi was also Syrian, with the costs being paid by members of the Arab League. 2420:

was established to assist the Iraqi military, including the army. On September 20 the provisional Fallujah Brigade dissolved after being sent in to secure the city. The Fallujah Brigade experiment of using former insurgents to secure a city was not repeated.

908:. An Iraqi envoy was sent to demand that no movements, either ground or air, were to take place from the base. The British refused the demand and then themselves demanded that the Iraqi units leave the area at once. In addition, the British landed forces at 1145:; forcing the Irgun to ask for help from the Haganah after two days of fighting. Heavy fighting continued with British units intervening on behalf of the Arabs and losing a number of tanks against Irgun ambushes. Jaffa would fall to the Israelis on 13 May. 2967:, the force had grown to nine divisions. By 1990, with wartime expansion, the force had grown greatly to at least 56 divisions, making the Iraqi army the fourth largest army in the world and one of the strongest in the Middle East. After the defeat in the 1284:

defeated by local Israeli forces. Nevertheless, Haganah commanders pinpointed the Iraqi presence, by its size and location, to be a dangerous threat in a possible offensive. The Israelis decided to launch a preemptive attack south from Galilee to take

3830: 2544:

Divisions are forming engineer, logistics, mortar, and other units by identifying over-strength units, such as the Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) battalions and other headquarters elements, and then transferring them as needed.

1340:, but they managed to hold on to their positions and could absorb the losses. Overall, the Iraqi troops distinguished themselves at Jenin, even impressing their Israeli opponents. Active Iraqi involvement in the war effectively ended at this point. 1781: — which could have inflicted significant casualties on the attacking forces. Urban combat reduces the range at which fighting occurs and can negate some of the technological advantage that well equipped forces enjoy. Iraqis also tried to use 724:

would end its official mandate on the condition that the Iraqi government would allow British advisers to take part in government affairs, allow British military bases to remain, and a requirement that Iraq assist the United Kingdom in wartime.

1006:

send limited assistance, but both were too late and far from adequate. Britain pulled together a small force from its armies in the Levant, which handily defeated the much larger but thoroughly incompetent Iraqi army and air force, marched on

3009:

four line brigades, an engineering regiment, and a support regiment. However both the 6th Division and the 17th Division only had three manoeuvre brigades each. By April 2010, the combat battalion total had risen to 197 combat battalions.

678:

With the majority under control, the unruly tribes kept in line and a national identity across the heterogeneous population, the army would serve as a modernizing and socializing force that would help to weld together the backward Ottoman

877:

still governed the country, exercising veto over Iraqi foreign and national security policy. The Iraqi high command saw the opportunity to rid themselves of their colonial master when Britain saw itself in a vulnerable position against

2851:

further $ 1.3 billion has been requested to provide weapons for the Iraqi Army. However, the New York Times reported that "some of the weaponry recently supplied by the army has already ended up on the black market and in the hands of

1330:

took over the spearhead of the Israeli attack, it began to run into them. An Iraqi brigade had fortified itself in the city by the time the Israelis reached Jenin on 3 June, and on the two hills dominating the city from the south. The

3314:

to the Iraqi Army, with the refurbishment contract going to Defense Solutions to bring the tanks up to operational status for an estimated 4.5 million dollars US. After a delay in the payment of funds from the Iraqi government, the

6284: 1950:

division and other units in western Iraq. Malovany's description of deployments generally follows this pattern; A special headquarters was established on the eve of the war called the "Great Day" to command forces defending the

2831:. Nineteen Iraqi Army brigades and six Federal Police brigades disintegrated, a quarter of Iraq's security forces. These losses comprised all of the Ninawa-based 2nd and 3rd Iraqi Army divisions; most of the Salah al-Din-based 4726: 1804:(IISS) estimated the army's composition immediately after the 1991 war as six 'armoured'/'mechanised' divisions, 23 infantry divisions, eight Republican Guard divisions and four Republican Guard internal security divisions. 1538:

ten Iraqis were killed and 30 Iraqis were wounded, especially as the main battle was in Jerusalem. Fighting also raged in other areas of the West Bank, where Iraqi commandos and Jordanian soldiers defended their positions.

1892:

and the Kuwaiti border, had the 6th Armored Division, the 51st Mechanized Division, and the 11th Infantry Division. The 11th Infantry Division defended An Nasiriyah and As Samawah to the southeast on the approaches to An

3067:

basing the new division in Iraqi Kurdistan and giving the force responsibility for clearing Mosul." The 19th Division was not listed in either the Institute's 2017 listing of units, or the IISS Military Balance 2022.

1493:). Nine months later `Abd as-Salam Muhammad `Arif led a successful coup against the Ba'ath government. On 13 April 1966, President Abdul Salam Arif died in a helicopter crash and was succeeded by his brother, General 763:

to demand that the Cabinet resign. From that year to 1941, five army coups occurred during each year led by the chief officers of the army against the government to pressure the government to concede to Army demands.

1690:

beginning of the ground campaign, the quantitative descriptions of the Iraqi army at the time were exaggerated, for a variety of reasons. Many of the Iraqi troops were also young, under-resourced and poorly trained

2211:(serious morale problems before invasion; expected anti-Saddam regime outbreaks in Basra and Az Zubayr, had contingency plans for 'terminating enemy agents and mobs.' Surrendered during Iraqi Freedom 22 March 2003) 2085:, and the 25th Infantry Division from the 4th Corps. Malovany adds on the same page that during 1986 two more divisions joined the 6th Corps, an infantry division ("apparently the 50th") and the "Marshes" Division. 1742:

and other tanks of the Allied forces. U.S. M1A1s could effectively engage and destroy Iraqi tanks from well outside the distance (e.g. 8,200 ft to Iraqi ranges of 6,600 ft) that Iraqi tanks could engage.

824:

resigned and Rashid Ali al-Gaylani took his place as Prime Minister. Rashid Ali also proclaimed himself chief of a "National Defence Government." He did not overthrow the monarchy, but installed a more compliant

7018:

Building Iraqi security forces : hearing before the Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats and International Relations of the Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives, March 14,

1701:

The wide range of suppliers of Iraqi equipment resulted in a lack of standardization. It additionally suffered from poor training and poor motivation. The majority of Iraqi armoured forces still used old Chinese

1546:, was given responsibility to find a solution. It was clear that it was impossible to defeat the Kurds by military means and in 1970 a political agreement was reached between the rebels and the Iraqi government. 1319:, as it was considered an essential target and an important commercial center, and it would split Israeli communications between north and south - thus denying the Israelis movement between their internal lines. 1684:

began, the force comprised 47 infantry divisions plus 9 armoured and mechanised divisions, grouped in 7 corps. This gave a total of about 56 army divisions, and total land force divisions reached 68 when the 12

497:

in 1927. The British recruited former Ottoman officers to man junior and middle ranks of the new Iraqi officer corps, with senior commands, as well as most training positions, being manned by British officers.

1984:

their former commanders, who were primarily Sunnis, and that recalling the army "would be a political disaster because to the vast majority of Iraqis it was a symbol of the old Baathist-led Sunni ascendancy".

3820: 5777: 3162:

in Baghdad on September 27, 2005, with 300 trainers. Training at bases in Norway, Italy, Jordan, Germany, and Egypt has also taken place and 16 NATO countries have allocated forces to the training effort.

2514:(later renamed to Operation Mother of Two Springs) in Mosul and surrounding areas of Nineveh Governorate. Iraq became one of the top purchasers of U.S. military equipment with the Iraqi army trading its 1428:, he faced growing opposition from pro-Egypt officers in the Iraqi army. `Arif, who wanted closer cooperation with Egypt, was stripped of his responsibilities and thrown in prison. When the garrison in 2983:

National Guard units and has caused some complications in terms of making these forces available for operations in all areas of Iraq, and the military becoming a truly national, non-sectarian force."

2346: 1569:

After the war, Iraq started a major military build-up. Active duty manpower doubled, and so did number of divisions, from six to twelve, of which four were now armoured and two mechanised infantry.

6055: 6976:

Kevin M. Woods, Williamson Murray, and Thomas Holaday, with Mounir Elkhamri, 'Saddam's War: An Iraqi military perspective of the Iran–Iraq War,' McNair Papers 70, INSS/NDU, Washington DC, 2009.

5626: 2341:

with the responsibility of training and development of the new army. On August 2, 2003, the first battalion of new Iraqi Army recruits started a nine-week training course at a training base in

2909:

A much later report from Small Wars Journal said that in "..2013 and 2014 the 7th Division of the Iraqi Army, 99% Sunni, fought IS virtually alone, until it was almost completely destroyed."

1359:

In May 1955 the British finally withdrew from Iraq. The Iraqi authorities said during the withdrawal negotiations that a motorised infantry brigade was to be formed, based at the previous

7029:

Cordesman, Anthony H.: Prepared Statement before the Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats, and International Relations of the Committee on Government Reform, March 14, 2005

377:

article suggested that, between 2004 and 2014, the U.S. had provided the Iraqi Army with $ 25 billion in training and equipment in addition to an even larger sum from the Iraqi treasury.

3482:

In December 2009, Ukraine has signed a deal to deliver $ 550 million worth of arms to Iraq, the agreement with the Iraqi ministry of defense calls for Ukraine to produce and deliver 420

4718: 2835:; all of the Kirkuk-based 12th Iraqi Army division; plus at least five southern Iraqi Army brigades that had previously been redeployed to the Syrian border." Islamic State managed to 1467:

1920s. Britain reacted strongly to Iraq's claim and sent troops to Kuwait to deter Iraq. Qāsim was forced to back down and in October 1963, Iraq recognized the sovereignty of Kuwait.

6122: 983:

All these "mechanized" infantry units were transported by trucks. The authorized manpower of the Iraqi Infantry Brigades at full strength were of 26 officers and 820 other ranks, 46

2208: 609:

By the late 1920s, the threat of Turkish attack diminished, with the Iraqi army refocusing on new, internal missions. While the British command still worried about both Turkish and

567:

In 1924, the army grew to 5,772 men and, by the following year, had grown even more to reach 7,500 men - maintaining this size until 1933. The force's order of battle consisted of:

6989: 2313: 6292: 1811:

The IISS gave the Iraqi Army's force structure as of 1 July 1997 as seven Corps headquarters, six armoured or mechanised divisions, 12 infantry divisions, six RGF divisions, four

613:

encroachment on the Iraqi territory - as both of these states were considerably more cohesive and with superior armies -, the new focus shifted towards internal security against

7024:

Rebuilding Iraq: Resource, Security, Governance, Essential Services, and Oversight Issues: United States General Accounting Office Report to Congressional Committees, June, 2004

4928:

Charles Tiefer, "The Iraq Debacle: The Rise and Fall of Procurement-Aided Unilateralism as a Paradigm of Foreign War," University of Pennsylvania Journal of Int'l Law 29 (2007).

2277: 9263: 3417:

to sell weapons and military equipment, the defence ministry said in March 2008. It did not specify the weapons but Serbian military experts believe they include Serbian-made

3101: 1208:

coordination - which left the Israelis with the breathing space to redeploy their small force along internal lines and defeat each attack in turn. The Iraqis launched clumsy

2609: 2444:. The IGFC was established to exercise command and control of assigned Iraqi Army forces and, upon assuming Operational Control, to plan and direct operations to defeat the 2397:

officially over 40,000 men. Its units became part of the army. The absorption of the ING by the regular army appears to have taken place on January 6, 2005, Iraqi Army Day.

5568: 552:

elites from the region for appointments to government and ministry offices in Iraq. The British and the Iraqis formalized the relationship between the two nations with the

8466: 7323: 5235: 2695: 1501:

of 1967, the Ba'ath Party felt strong enough to retake power (17 July 1968). Ahmad Hasan al-Bakr became president and chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council (RCC).

5461: 2757: 2456:

As of June 26, 2006, three Iraqi divisions, 18 brigades and 69 battalions were responsible for their own areas of operations (including two police commando battalions).

3299:

bidders) revealed that Army procurement officers in Iraq were violating procedures with sloppy contract language and incomplete paperwork. On May of that same year the

3504:. The T-90SK is a command variant equipped additional radios and navigation equipment. As of 2018, 36 had been delivered and have been assigned to 35th Brigade of the 3025: 3021: 1773:

of the latest US and British tanks of the coalition the results were disastrous. The Iraqi forces also failed to utilize the advantage that could be gained from using

1307:

At the same time, the Iraqis were planning the exact offensive the Israelis feared. As the first truce was approaching, the general headquarters of the Arab forces in

1181: 4994:"Prepared Statement before the House Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats, and International Relations regarding the training of Iraqi Security Forces" 2920:, in Iraq from 2013 until July 2014, as estimating that "the army has only five functioning divisions ... whose fighting readiness ranges between 60 and 65 percent." 7160: 5953: 3698: 5769: 4835: 628:

of western and southern Iraq. The British concluded the Iraqi army was not capable of handling either the Turks or the Persians, with the RAF (supported by the

6076: 3793: 3085: 3055: 3040: 2749: 2184: 1908: 1315:

to take control of a number of Israeli settlements in order to strengthen their position at the ceasefire talks. It was decided to take control of the port of

5721: 2356:. The Fifth Battalion was among the new Iraqi units that fought in Fallujah. In June 2004, the CMATT was dissolved, and passed on its responsibilities to the 1027:

during this period. The army was not disbanded, however. Instead, it was maintained to hinder possible German offensive actions via the southern parts of the

4367: 2906:, was by October 2014 reporting to informal "militias' chain of command," not to the Iraqi Army, according to several U.S. and coalition military officials. 2357: 1224:

before they could even reach the target settlement. These defeats convinced the Iraqi army to abandon this sector of the front and try their luck elsewhere.

6877: 6263: 1263:

that were too weak to pose much of a threat to the Israelis, but the arrival of the powerful Iraqi force led the Arabs to believe they would be able to cut

1200:, only to be quickly driven back. The Iraq army tried again the next day, with their armour attacking from the south and their infantry from the north. The 3214:

Iraqi soldiers assigned to 71st Iraqi Army Brigade move closer to an objective, seeking a new location for cover during a simulated exercise under fire at

152: 6052: 8495: 368: 5848: 8765: 7457: 3001:

The Iraqi Army consists of nine regional joint commands. The Joint Operational Commands fall under the command of the National Operations Center. The

2077:

Corps, and the 32nd Division was with the East Tigris HQ, the new line-up would consist of the 32nd Division as before; the 12th Armoured Division and

1914: 1896: 5883: 5623: 3723: 3287:, or was looted during the chaotic aftermath shortly after the fall of the Hussein regime. Among these were more than 20,000 sets of body armor. Four 1815:

Brigades, 10 commando, and two Special Forces Brigades. It was estimated to number 350,000 personnel, including 100,000 recently recalled reservists.

6193: 5506: 4701: 3592: 3017: 2975:

formations. The new army formed after 2003 was initially planned to be three divisions strong, but was then raised to ten divisions, and more later.

1059:

was the first combat experience of independent Iraqi forces after the Second World War, and its first war outside its territory. Baghdad joined the

778: 8379: 7439: 7316: 1344: 1125:. The strength of the natural position allowed the ALA, together with some local Arab militiamen, to defeat two Israeli attacks by elements of the 7098: 3300: 2815:

Advisors remained after all U.S. combat brigades left Iraq in August 2010. These troops were required to leave Iraq by 31 December 2011 under an

6440: 2484:, and stationed in Basra, were ready in a tactical overwatch role. Their participation was limited to the provision of embedded training teams. 2436:

On May 3, 2006, a significant command-and-control development took place. The Iraqi Army command and control center opened in a ceremony at the

1243:

region of northern Samaria. That was a key sector for the Arab war effort because it was the ideal jumping point for an attack westward against

6904:

James Dobbins, Seth G. Jones, Keith Crane, Andrew Rathmell, Brett Steele, The UN's Role in Nation-Building: From the Congo to Iraq (CPA period)

6363: 5634: 5255: 5185: 3754: 1976: 1730:, and their effectiveness in modern combat was very limited. The Iraqis failed to find effective countermeasures to the thermal sights and the 5770:"The Iraqi Military, The US-led Coalition and the Mosul Operation: The Risk of Snatching Defeat from the Jaws of Victory – Small Wars Journal" 5480: 2935:(circa September 2014) and the Iraqi Army chief of operations, General Aboud Kanbar. Lieutenant General Riyadh Tawfiq, the former head of the 2580:

force that could protect the nation’s skies. In short, Barbero concluded, Iraq had a “checkpoint army” that was very much a work in progress."

7788: 7783: 7778: 7773: 7768: 7763: 7644: 6601: 6588: 5280: 3654: 3072: 3059:

The.. sectarian composition of the unit will be important to watch. The formation of the division was initially proposed by Defense Minister

1801: 1109:

in April and May 1948. A force of 600 Syrian and Iraqi ALA irregulars were sent to defend this key town, which controlled access between the

6242: 6219: 5748: 493:

in eastern Kurdistan. This led the British to form the Iraqi Army on 6 January 1921 (later to be marked as Iraqi Army Day), followed by the

7233: 7017: 6151: 6118: 5411:"Abadi Visits the Headquarters of the Commander of Ninewa Operations," Sumaria, July 9, 2017, via Duri-Agri, Kassim, and Martin, 2017, 221. 2621:

Rusafa Area Command (RAC) – Eastern Baghdad. Responsible for the Adhamiyah, Rusafa, Sadr City, New Baghdad, and Karadah Security Districts.

2301:

The 65th Special Forces Brigade, 66th Special Forces Brigade, 68th Special Forces Brigade, and 440th Marine Brigade were active during the

1578: 636:

duties. Nevertheless, the army enjoyed considerable prestige, with the country's elites seeing the army as a national consolidating force:

5395: 5345: 5108: 4993: 7309: 6986: 6540: 3264: 2481: 2330: 409: 6308: 5820: 6014: 3270: 1542:

Barzānī and the Kurds who had begun a rebellion in 1961 were still causing problems in 1969. The secretary-general of the Ba`th party,

709:. The Iraqi army's dismal performance did not impress, and the situation required the intervention of British troops to restore order. 509:. The United Kingdom provided support and training to the Iraqi Army and the Iraqi Air Force through a small military mission based in 7076: 5210: 5070: 5044: 2464: 1121:

was protected by two police forts built into the rock of the hills, forming a formidable position; and also a priority target for the

363:

in 2003, the Iraqi Army was rebuilt along U.S. lines with enormous amounts of U.S. military assistance at every level. Because of the

8383: 6614: 6174: 5147: 3758: 2553: 7071: 2661:– Mosul. The command dissolved in 2014, but them was reformed in April 2015. It held responsibility for all anti-ISIS operations in 998:

Hostilities between the British and the Iraqis lasted from 2 May to 30 May 1941. The German government dispatched an aviation unit,

396: 8755: 2816: 2317:

Iraqi Asad Babil tanks and an M113 APC from the Iraqi 9th Mechanized Division pass through a highway checkpoint in Mushahada, Iraq.

1216:

hunter-killer teams. Several days later, Mahmud tried to attack another Jewish settlement in the same area, but the troops did not

5649: 5371: 2807:

reported that only around 4000 U.S. forces were embedded with Iraqi units at a rate of 10 per battalion. Former U.S. Army analyst

1850:. The Republican Guard consisted of between 50,000 and 60,000 troops (although some sources indicate a strength of up to 80,000). 7447: 5908: 5572: 2322:

The new Army was originally intended to comprise 27 battalions in three divisions numbering 40,000 soldiers in three years time.

6031: 5232: 2618:

Karkh Area Command (KAC) – Western Baghdad. Responsible for the Kadhimiyah, Karkh, Mansour, Bayaa, and Doura Security Districts.

2371:

While the regular army was being formed, U.S. commanders around the country needed additional troops more quickly, and thus the

7992: 7695: 5465: 5017: 3493:

announced it had struck deals with Iraq that would see Baghdad spend $ 5 billion on U.S.-made weapons, equipment and training.

2879:

offensive in the north of Iraq, it was reported that ISIL ""took the weapons stores of the 2nd and 3rd Iraqi army divisions in

1808:

for 18 July 1992 stated that 10,000 troops from five divisions were fighting against Shia Muslims in the southern marshlands.

367:

that began shortly after the invasion, the Iraqi Army was later designed to initially be a counter-insurgency force. With the

8071: 7066: 7007: 6813: 6534: 6402: 6341: 4197: 3533: 2533:. Following a four-day amnesty for insurgents to turn over weapons, the Iraqi Army moved into the provincial capital Amarah. 2338: 170: 8049: 6819: 5994: 2827:

In the summer of 2014, large elements of the Iraqi army were routed by a much smaller and less well-equipped force from the

2503:

agreed to let Iraqi forces into the remaining portion of the city. On May 20, troops from the Iraqi Army 3rd Brigade of the

1474: 9268: 8507: 8414: 7278: 7243: 4748: 2876: 2852: 2828: 2487:

In April–June 2008, two brigades of the Iraqi Army 11th Division, supported by US forces, moved into the southern third of

6622:

Levey, Zach (March 2004). "Britain's Middle East Strategy, 1950-52: General Brian Robertson and the 'Small' Arab States".

6499:

Godfroy, Jeanne F.; Morton, Matthew D.; Powell, James S.; Zais, Matthew M. (2019b). Rayburn, Joel; Sobchak, Frank (eds.).

5946: 5125: 8409: 7258: 7251: 7091: 5436: 4486: 3490: 2987: 2812:

prioritising the promotion of officers that have served with a U.S. unit over ones that have served with foreign forces.

2800: 2429: 1068: 5523: 3283:

Virtually all of the equipment used by the former Iraqi Army was either destroyed by the U.S. and British forces during

2472:

On March 25, 2008, the Iraqi Army launched its first solely planned and executed high-profile division-level operation,

8760: 8676: 8399: 8364: 7023: 6795:

A Justified Heaping of the Blame?, in Stoker (ed). "Military Advising and Assistance: From Mercenaries to Privatization

6695: 4827: 3666: 4272: 1868:

consisted of the 5th Mechanized Division, 2nd Infantry Division, 8th Infantry Division and the 38th Infantry Division.

8804: 7849: 7042: 6919: 6855: 6775: 6741: 6714: 6676: 6565: 6421: 4552: 4532: 4494: 632:) shouldering the full responsibility for external defense. Henceforth, the Iraqi army was increasingly relegated to 227: 6845: 6072: 3783: 2040:. In 2003, Nasiriyah was the headquarters of the Iraqi Army's 3rd Corps, composed of the 11th ID, 51st Mech ID, and 1853:

In January 2003, before the start of the invasion of Iraq in March 2003, the force was primarily located in eastern

1292:, and cut the Iraqi supply lines across the Jordan River. To achieve that the Israelis would employ three brigades: 8892: 8877: 8473: 8461: 7462: 7283: 7228: 7200: 5713: 3248: 3155: 2593: 1785:, but the implementation failed due to the lack of skill of their commanders and the preventive air strikes of the 748: 534: 364: 6259: 5000: 2507:

and a brigade from the 9th Division moved into the northern districts of Sadr City and began clearing operations.

1450:

in conjunction with Iraqi claims over the small neighbouring state, led to a crisis with British military forces (

8750: 8736: 8488: 8138: 8002: 7265: 7165: 6351: 5129: 3199: 3108: 2995: 2549: 2477: 1782: 1251:

coast (which was only 15 km wide) and break the country in half; it would also guard the right flank of the

818: 739:

who did not oppose a continued British presence. The anti-British faction was represented by politicians such as

670:

Mountain gun of the Iraqi Army column, 'Dicol', shelling Shirwan-A-Mazin from a hillside at Kani-Ling during the

474: 5325: 3170:

has also conducted a variety of training programs for both enlisted soldiers and officers including training as

1550:

a brigade in Rihab, Jordan. Otherwise the only Iraqi activity was that they fired upon some Jordanian aircraft.

1180:

in early April 1948, with one infantry brigade and a supporting armoured battalion under the command of General

8354: 8017: 8007: 7907: 7816: 7288: 7084: 5843: 3635: 3342: 3252: 3195: 2979: 2917: 2836: 2804: 2044:—all at around 50 percent strength. The 51st operated south covering the oilfields, and the 6th was north near 1922: 1064: 429: 7892: 7877: 7826: 7609: 7429: 7223: 6464: 5855: 3093: 3064: 2951: 2684: 2281: 2189: 1879: 963: 564:

which were under direct British control. With a strength of 4,984 men, the Iraq Levies outnumbered the army.

7872: 7739: 2480:

support only in air support, logistics and via embedded advisors. Also, a British infantry brigade, part of

1439:

The creation of the new Fifth Division, consisting of mechanized infantry, was announced on 6 January 1959,

9258: 8500: 7649: 5872: 5546: 3712: 2417: 2246: 2082: 2078: 2037: 1926: 1904: 1847: 1376: 1094:, launching its first offensive in February 1948. With a force around 6,000 men it was mainly organized by 217: 6837:

On Point II Transition to the New Campaign: The U.S. Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom May 2003-January 2005

6190: 5503: 4699: 3460:

In August 2008, the United States proposed military sales to Iraq, which will include the latest upgraded

3063:

on November 4, 2014 during a visit to Iraqi Kurdistan. During that visit he requested assistance from the

829:. He also attempted to restrict the rights of the British which were granted them under the 1930 treaty. 811: 773: 9049: 8814: 8777: 8709: 8478: 7961: 7729: 7629: 7604: 7594: 7521: 7208: 7185: 7145: 4524: 3521: 3389: 3291:

tanks however have been recovered from an old army base in al-Muqdadiyah and are now in service with the

3013: 3002: 2928: 2445: 2437: 2365: 381: 247: 207: 192: 485:. In 1920, Turkish troops penetrated into Iraqi Kurdistan and forced the small British garrisons out of 9227: 8902: 8882: 8724: 8714: 8704: 8404: 8394: 8173: 7332: 7213: 7130: 7106: 6943: 4648: 3112: 2936: 2658: 2193: 717: 553: 17: 3688:

Al-Marashi and Salama note that the eighty-third anniversary of Iraqi Army Day was celebrated in 2004.

3486:

armored personnel carriers, six AN-32B military transport planes and other military hardware to Iraq.

2364:) with the new focus on providing security for the Iraqi people from the emerging threat posed by the 794:, 1946. Left to right: Sergeant Macko Shmos, Lance Corporal Adoniyo Odisho and Corporal Yoseph Odisho. 8854: 8699: 8269: 8064: 7966: 7122: 5091:

Cordesman and Baetjer, 2006, p.147-148. On the ING, see Neil Barnett, 'Iraq's turbulent transition,'

3625: 3517: 3210: 3167: 2384:, deserted, or allegedly aided the resistance. It is alleged that most guardsmen were drawn from the 2372: 1766: 1535: 1056: 187: 6374: 5569:""7th Iraqi Army Division now Controlled by Iraqi Government", MNF-I Press Release November 03 2007" 5251: 5177: 2859: 8941: 8912: 8556: 8029: 7982: 7680: 7502: 5922: 5487: 5277: 5092: 4814: 3576:

though they have received assistance from the U.S. in the form of American-made weapons, including

3240: 2793: 2725: 2511: 2353: 2345:. They graduated on October 4, 2003. In the interim, the new army had been formally established by 1972: 1812: 1805: 1758: 1595:

Later, Saddam Hussein, looking to build fighting power against Iran soon after the outbreak of the

1272: 887: 232: 5744: 3051:. In November 2014 the first units of the new 15th and 16th Divisions held graduation ceremonies. 2596:, Federal Police, Emergency Police, Oil Police, FPS, etc. in their command as well as Iraqi Army. 9169: 8917: 8581: 8314: 8024: 7977: 7956: 7887: 7844: 7734: 7589: 7047: 6936:

Huggins, William D. The Republican Guards and Saddam Hussein's Transformation of the Iraqi Army,

6239: 6211: 3471:

In December 2008, the United States approved a $ 6 billion arms deal with Iraq that included 140

2803:

reported that 6000 advisors in 480+ teams were embedded with Iraqi units. However, in April, the

1642: 1348: 837: 413: 7028: 6143: 5312: 5027: 3685: 8872: 8731: 8601: 8576: 8446: 8198: 7927: 7584: 7579: 6758: 5388: 5338: 5105: 3128: 3116: 3054:

The Institute for the Study of War said in their 29 December 2014 situation report that "..The

3044: 2972: 2473: 2061: 1686: 1661: 1482: 1337: 984: 6707:

The Mediterranean And Middle East: Volume II The Germans Come To The Help Of Their Ally (1941)

6668: 6524: 6097: 1609:, in that the tactics used closely mirrored those of the 1914–1918 war, including large scale 513:; providing weapons and training to defeat the anticipated Turkish invasion of northern Iraq. 9237: 8976: 8844: 8456: 8329: 8308: 8228: 8188: 8079: 7987: 7705: 7557: 7408: 7177: 7114: 6953: 6305: 5811: 5252:"Pentagon Press Briefing June 23, 2006, with Secretary Donald Rumsfeld and Gen. George Casey" 4549:"Wages of War - Appendix 2: Iraqi Combatant and Noncombatant Fatalities in the 1991 Gulf War" 3573: 3561: 3284: 3255:. Much of the Iraqi officer training programme is copied directly from the Sandhurst course. 3244: 3143: 2913: 2376: 2352:

In April 2004, several Iraqi battalions refused to fight as part of the force engaged in the

2217:

Eisenstadt reported 'about eight infantry divisions remain unaccounted for' as of March 1993.

1960: 1824: 1271:

In late May, the Haganah launched a major assault against the Arab Legion's positions in the

1095: 803: 740: 728:

The new state was weak and the regime survived for only four years, when it was toppled in a

538: 360: 6660: 6011: 2548:

Problems include infiltration and an insufficient US advisory effort. Former members of the

1722:

from the 1970s in 1991. These vehicles were not equipped with up-to-date equipment, such as

999: 556:. With Faisal's ascension to the throne, the Iraqi Army became the Royal Iraqi Army (RIrA). 9071: 8953: 8887: 8849: 8745: 8671: 8666: 8591: 8439: 8057: 7821: 7690: 7634: 7572: 7567: 7562: 5206: 5066: 5040: 3525: 3338: 3097: 2888: 2840: 2740: 2717: 2646: 2640: 2633:– Taji – Division certified and assumes responsibility of the battle space of the northern 2568:, Commanding General, MNSTC-I, made an assessment of the Iraqi Armed Forces' shortcomings. 2272: 2266: 2256: 2175: 1731: 1260: 1080: 1015:) and their prime minister, Rashid Ali al-Gaylani. In their place the British re-installed 807: 702: 671: 400:

An Iraqi soldier assigned to the Security Battalion, Nineveh Operations Command, fires his

6768:

Iraq Between the Two World Wars: The Creation and Implementation of a Nationalist Ideology

6171: 5155: 3747: 3092:

with two infantry brigades; the 11th Infantry Division with three light inf brigades; the

743:

who demanded that remaining British influence in the country be removed. In 1936, General

8: 9013: 8971: 8897: 8772: 8694: 8223: 8193: 8178: 7758: 7670: 7470: 3788: 3505: 3438: 3430: 3316: 3292: 3089: 3081: 3077: 2899: 2892: 2884: 2832: 2772: 2766: 2731: 2707: 2701: 2678: 2668: 2634: 2630: 2624: 2504: 2425: 2323: 2240: 2227: 2169: 2163: 2153: 2147: 2141: 2135: 2121: 2041: 1968: 1947: 1843: 1839: 1695: 1563: 1522: 1478: 1293: 1168: 1044: 988: 937: 933: 929: 852: 841: 625: 620:

Those threats to the integrity of the nascent Iraqi state were separatist revolts by the

182: 6500: 5233:

IA 5th MTR driving toward success - Daily article on www.mnf-iraq.com, 20 November 2006.

3096:

with five infantry brigades; the 16th Infantry Division with two infantry brigades; the

2150:, active from at least 1941. As 4th Mountain Infantry Division, served in Iran–Iraq War. 2048:, which left three brigade-sized elements of the 11th ID to guard the An Nasiriyah area. 1352: 9144: 9139: 9124: 9086: 9061: 8998: 8859: 8794: 8429: 8238: 8153: 7685: 7547: 7386: 7135: 6647: 6639: 6330: 5646: 5368: 4468: 3825: 3553: 2903: 2895:)," said Jabbar Yawar, secretary-general of the Kurkish Ministry of Peshmerga Affairs. 2808: 2711: 2530: 2496: 2052: 1875: 1673: 1622: 1425: 1406: 1398: 1390: 1256: 1020: 970: 698: 337: 329: 109: 8986: 7056: 3516:

The average Iraqi soldier is equipped with an assortment of uniforms ranging from the

2792:

Up until 2010–2011, all Iraqi Army battalions were supposed to have had embedded U.S.

1039: 666: 9213: 9164: 9129: 8966: 8907: 8809: 8719: 8689: 8684: 8551: 8546: 8530: 8419: 8359: 8279: 8274: 8183: 7948: 7916: 7639: 7552: 7537: 7361: 7301: 7038: 6915: 6851: 6809: 6781: 6771: 6747: 6737: 6720: 6710: 6691: 6672: 6661: 6651: 6571: 6561: 6530: 6478: 6427: 6417: 6398: 6337: 6035: 4528: 4490: 4460: 4203: 4193: 3662: 2964: 2932: 2653:

The 17th Division commander has been reported as Staff Maj. Gen. Ali Jassam Mohammad.

2650: 2569: 2289: 2250: 2235: 2115: 1964: 1952: 1739: 1727: 1596: 1588: 1494: 1490: 1421: 1402: 1248: 1213: 686: 659: 633: 614: 602: 542: 222: 197: 6356:"Coalition Provisional Authority Order No. 22 of 2003, Creation of a New Iraqi Army" 5849:"The Continuing Challenge of Building the Iraqi Security Forces (note 53, page 120)" 5324:

Gordon, "Degrade and Destroy," 2022, p.10. Text also visible at a separate article,

3039:, a number of new Iraqi formations and units were created. Among them was (finally) 1394: 730: 371:

in 2010, Iraqi forces have assumed full responsibility for the nation's security. A

9056: 8991: 8981: 8655: 8636: 8631: 8626: 8566: 8541: 8012: 7854: 7542: 7378: 7368: 6631: 4066: 3446: 3191: 3060: 3047:'s 3rd Brigade arrived in 2015, and operational by November 2015 after fighting in 2963:

with a force of four divisions. A fifth was formed in 1959. By the outbreak of the

2449: 2285: 2157: 2092: 2029: 2019: 2013: 2006: 1885: 1871: 1861: 1681: 1677: 1626: 1517:

armored car, 1970s. Iraq ordered about 250 of these vehicles between 1968 and 1976.

1486: 1138: 1084: 1003: 898: 890: 756: 592: 526: 453: 252: 165: 3468:

armored vehicles, modern radios, all to be valued at an estimated $ 2.16 billion.

2584:

The response from Iraqi officials was that U.S. troops would have to stay longer.

2057: 1090:

Before the Arab League resolution to attack Israel, the ALA was used to fight the

919:

broke out between the British and Rashid Ali's new government when the British at

288: 9154: 9119: 9008: 9003: 8922: 8833: 8571: 8424: 8336: 8324: 8248: 8243: 8233: 8168: 8143: 8128: 8115: 8103: 7919: 7882: 7798: 7599: 7526: 7492: 7487: 7452: 7396: 7155: 6993: 6909: 6803: 6635: 6312: 6246: 6197: 6178: 6059: 6018: 5998: 5992:

Post-War Iraq:Foreign Contributions to Training, Peacekeeping, and Reconstruction

5653: 5630: 5510: 5375: 5284: 5239: 5112: 4705: 4276: 3620: 3223:

training to be followed by more training once they have been assigned to a unit.

3194:

have begun taking Iraqi applicants, with Iraqi cadets being enrolled at both the

3183: 2960: 2924: 2662: 2565: 2156:, activated 1959. Served in Iran–Iraq War. As 5th Mechanised Division, fought in 1471: 1459: 1433: 1332: 1327: 1297: 1209: 1201: 1185: 1102: 1075: 916: 821: 752: 713: 706: 494: 478: 441: 436:, comprising several battalions of troops whose main mission was to garrison the 348: 177: 6355: 4752: 3186:. Beyond the various courses and programs being held in-country, both American 1769:

which, while perfectly well suited to older Iranian tanks, against the advanced

1694:. Saddam did not trust the army; among counterbalancing security forces was the 1436:

to return from exile in the Soviet Union to help suppress the pro-Nāsir rebels.

452:. The Levies were adequate for their intended mission of defending airfields of 9134: 9109: 8389: 8319: 7938: 7808: 7749: 7614: 7336: 7001: 6705:

Playfair, Ian Stanley Ord; Flynn, F.C.; Molony, C. J. C.; Toomer, S.E. (2004).

6448: 5133: 5126:"Iraqi command and control center opens doors amidst turnover of new territory" 4807: 3569: 3541: 3497: 3104:; and the Prime Minister's Security Force division of three infantry brigades. 2939:, was appointed as the new head of the IGFC and the Mosul Liberation Command. 2864: 2538: 2361: 2231: 1770: 1610: 1559: 1543: 1356:

force of efficiency and stamina' which would have to do most of the fighting.'

1301: 1217: 1197: 1189: 1126: 1114: 1067:

in Palestine, and in May 1948 sent a sizeable force to help crush the recently

791: 721: 530: 505:

Brigade consisted of ex-Iraqi-Ottoman officers, whose barracks were located in

502: 425: 373: 356: 344: 212: 91: 6482: 5991: 5647:

First Vietnamese-American to Serve as a Military Advisor to the New Iraqi Army

1933: 951:

Also based within Baghdad was the Independent Mechanized Brigade composed of:

9252: 9207: 9159: 9149: 9114: 9066: 9043: 9018: 8782: 8611: 8606: 8483: 8284: 8133: 7997: 7700: 7354: 6724: 6516: 5326:

https://lithub.com/how-isis-filled-the-power-vacuum-left-by-us-forces-in-iraq

4464: 4207: 3653: 3361: 3275: 3187: 3179: 3159: 3032: 2844: 2672: 2409: 1774: 1723: 1658: 1360: 1205: 1142: 1024: 920: 905: 866: 760: 694: 467: 6847:

Ragged Edge: A US Marine's Account of Leading the Iraqi Army Fifth Battalion

6785: 6751: 6575: 2051:

4th Corps – established 22 October 1981 to take over the northern sector of

2032:– established before Iran-Iraq War. In 1978 reported to be headquartered at 1141:, but were stopped cold by a similar-sized force of Iraqi ALA irregulars in 9033: 8799: 8596: 8304: 8299: 8289: 8123: 7831: 7675: 7619: 7413: 7218: 6431: 5547:"Iraqi army remains on defensive as extent of June debacle becomes clearer" 4269: 3549: 3450: 3385: 2441: 2106: 1889: 1707: 1703: 1665: 1618: 1527: 1451: 1414: 1410: 1193: 1028: 1016: 945: 894: 879: 848: 799: 736: 705:. Iraqi army units were badly mauled by tribesmen under Shaykhs Mahmud and 486: 417: 7050:

Iraqi Force Development: A Current Status Report July 2005 – February 2006

7013:

www.365iniraq.com Articles and pictures from an Iraqi Army transition team

6954:

Michael Knights, "Free rein: domestic security forces take over in Iraq,"

5293: 5207:"Iraqis to Command Four Northern Divisions by February, U.S. General Says" 4620: 4548: 2779:

Province – transferred to Iraqi Ground Forces Command on November 1, 2007.

2202:

26th, 27th, 28th, 28th, 30th, 31st, 33rd, 34th, 36th, 37th, 38th Divisions

1558:

Iraq sent a 60,000 man expeditionary force to the Syrian front during the

9217: 9179: 9028: 8864: 8789: 8586: 8148: 8034: 7661: 5437:"Inside the Collapse of the Iraqi Army's 2nd Division - War on the Rocks" 4698:

Iraqi Security and Military Force Developments: A Chronology, 2, 4, 6, 7

3612: 3565: 3472: 3461: 3457:

in September and November to discuss boosting military ties with Serbia.

3426: 3422: 3346: 2752:– HQ Basrah – division commander Maj. Gen. Abdul Aziz Noor Swady al Dalmy 2613: 2592:

Each of the joint and multi-agency operational commands also include the

2491:. They were tasked to stop rocket and mortar attacks on US bases and the 1980: 1778: 1754: 1653: 1630: 1614: 1606: 1514: 1498: 1364: 1252: 1212:, with the unprotected tanks and armoured cars being easily destroyed by 1110: 1060: 783: 641: 629: 561: 546: 477:. This province corresponds to the northern third of modern Iraq, mainly 433: 421: 202: 6441:"Iraqi Security Forces and Popular Mobilization Forces: Order of Battle" 5231:

MTRs transferred in order of event: 8th, 4th, 6th, 5th and 1st (2 Nov).

4472: 4448: 3998: 3699:"Saudi Chief of General Staff Receives Commander of Iraqi Ground Forces" 3138: 2026:, comprising the 17th Armoured Division and the 51st Mechanised Division 140: 8294: 7512: 7401: 7391: 7150: 7140: 6948:

Loose Ends: Iraq's Security Forces between U.S. Drawdown and Withdrawal

6643: 5419: 5417: 4989: 3630: 3585: 3442: 2868: 2523: 2500: 2492: 2334: 1455: 1405:

along with members of the royal family were murdered. The coup brought

1381: 859: 744: 645: 522: 7467:

General Command of the Armed Forces, Resistance and Liberation in Iraq

7067:

Blog on Iraqi Forces by Former Naval Intelligence Officer D. J. Elliot

6502:

The US Army in the Iraq War, Volume 2: Surge and Withdrawal, 2007–2011

5666: 4861: 3392:(option for 1,050) for delivery by November 2008. Greece donated 100 3279:

The 2nd Brigade, 1st Iraqi Division took delivery of 10 armored HMMWVs

3142:

An Iraqi Army T-72 tank performs a live-fire training exercise at the

2552:, members of the intelligence services, senior level officials of the 9104: 9076: 9023: 8561: 8253: 8213: 7971: 7724: 7624: 7531: 6215: 6053:

Iraq Receives T-72s & BMPs - With Another Armored Brigade Planned

5681: 4636: 4293: 3577: 3357: 3331: 3251:

model, chosen in part due to its shorter graduation time compared to

3215: 3016:

combatant brigades and were not assigned to a division. They are the

2744: 2735: 2519: 2488: 2405: 2400: 2269:, served in Iran–Iraq War, Persian Gulf War with Jihad Forces (corps) 2045: 2033: 1997: 1735: 1691: 1638: 1531: 1276: 1240: 1157: 1074:. The Iraqi Army by then boasted 21,000 men in 12 brigades, with the 992: 924: 787: 599: 575: 506: 340:. The current commander is Lieutenant General Qassim Muhammad Salih. 6364:"CPA-IRAQ.org: Homepage of The New Iraq - New Iraqi Army Graduation" 5414: 3326: 3084:

with three motorised infantry brigades and an infantry brigade; the

1583: 1011:

and ousted the military commanders (that were sentenced to death by

404:

rifle during night range training at Camp Taji, Iraq, April 3, 2016.

8621: 8451: 8434: 8208: 8203: 6997: 6462:

Eisenstadt, Michael (1993). "The Iraqi Armed Forces Two Years On".

6439:

Dury-Agri, Jessa Rose; Kassim, Omer; Martin, Patrick (2017-11-01).

4598: 4596: 3545: 3454: 3373: 3369: 3175: 2968: 2776: 2381: 2342: 2302: 2260: 2179: 2129: 2125: 2111: 2023: 1955:

district in west Iraq and the axes leading from it towards Baghdad.

1836: 1828: 1765:

The Iraqi tank guns were supplied with older generation steel core

1440: 1280: 904:

On April 30, Iraqi Army units took the high ground to the south of

716:

was granted official independence. This was in accordance with the

585: 572: 490: 437: 242: 237: 6508:. Carlisle, PA: United States Army War College Press. p. 668. 5714:"ISIS weapons windfall may alter balance in Iraq, Syria conflicts" 4806:

Craig Smith, "In Documents, Glimpses of Failed Plan for Defence,"

3784:"Iraq Withdrawal: U.S. Abandoning Plans To Keep Troops In Country" 3330:

A convoy of 1st Motor Transport Regiment, 1st Iraqi Army Division

2643:– East Baghdad (probably planned to become a mechanized division). 2249:, served in Iran–Iraq War, disbanded after First Battle of Basrah/ 1680:, the army was estimated to number 1,000,000 men. Just before the 1509: 1083:(ALA), an irregular force commanded by the former Ottoman officer 1023:

and his assassination in 1958. Nuri al-Said pursued a largely pro-

991:

heavy machine guns (in two platoons of 4 MGs each) and 4 anti-air

9081: 9038: 8218: 8163: 7864: 6973:

Owen West, The Snake Eaters: Counterinsurgency Advisors in Combat

6663:

Iraq 1941: The Battles for Basra, Habbaniya, Fallujah and Baghdad

6515:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

5819:. Baghdad: Al-Bayan Center for Planning and Studies. p. 22. 4334:

Follow me- The story of the Six Day War 2. Six Day War- Tom Segev

3895: 3476: 3465: 3407:

HMMWVs purchased for IA with delivery complete by end July 2006.

3307: 2604: 2599:

As of the Fall of 2012, the Iraqi Army was organized as follows:

2002: 1963:

the Iraqi Army was defeated in a number of battles, including by

1432:

rebelled against Qāsim's policies, he allowed the Kurdish leader

1316: 1312: 1236: 1162: 1153: 1149: 1122: 1012: 1008: 681: 652: 582: 510: 424:. Before that, from 1533 to 1918, Iraq was under the rule of the 119: 6926:

Includes very useful thoughts on Iraq Army personnel 'laziness.'

4593: 460:

forced the British to expand Iraq's indigenous military forces.

8961: 8616: 6492:

The Great War For Civilisation; The Conquest of the Middle East

6350: 6260:"Ukraine to sell $ 550 million of arms to Iraq | Politics" 3961: 3959: 3957: 3955: 3529: 3434: 3410: 3381: 3365: 3048: 2971:

in 1991, force size dropped to around 23 divisions, as well as

2761: 2199:

16th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th Divisions,

1900: 1865: 1634: 1587:

Iraqi commanders discussing strategy on the battlefront, 1986.

1463: 1447: 1289: 1264: 1228: 1221: 1177: 1091: 1071: 941: 826: 482: 463: 457: 445: 325: 317: 300: 4958: 4931: 4910: 4828:"CNN.com - Iraqi army division gives up fight - Mar. 22, 2003" 3866: 2891:

in the areas near Kirkuk, and another division in Diyala (the

2205:

39th, 42nd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th Divisions

1749: 1648: 655:

to control the independent tribes who resisted centralization;

9174: 8158: 7715: 6805:

No True Glory: A Frontline Account of the Battle for Fallujah

4948: 4946: 4158:

The Edge of the Sword: Israel's War of Independence 1947-1949

3581: 3537: 3483: 3418: 3404: 3400: 3393: 3171: 2880: 2515: 2393: 2172:. As 8th Mountain Infantry Division, served in Iran–Iraq War. 2065: 1918: 1832: 1429: 1308: 1285: 1244: 1232: 1134: 1118: 1106: 1048: 956: 909: 621: 549: 401: 7012: 5909:"Iraq: US-Trained Units Lead Counterattack On Islamic State" 4430: 4428: 4426: 3952: 2005:

tank of the 5th Mechanized Division which saw action in the

1831:, the army consisted of 375,000 troops, organized into five 8369: 8346: 8089: 8083: 7347: 7109: 6526:

On Point: The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom

4680: 4572: 4417: 3591:

However weapons registration is poor. A 2006 report by the

3501: 3414: 3353: 3320: 3311: 3288: 3236: 3036: 2389: 2385: 1938: 1854: 1786: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1259:. Previously, this sector had been held by elements of the 610: 449: 385: 343:

The Iraqi Army in its modern form was first created by the

81: 71: 6667:. Campaign. Oxford, New York: Osprey Publishing. pp. 6611:

The Long Haul: Rebooting U.S. Security Cooperation in Iraq

6475:

The Man on Horseback: The Role of the Military in Politics

6416:. Mazal Holocaust Collection. New York: Harper & Row. 4943: 4668: 4100: 2912:

The October 2014 Reuters report quoted Lieutenant General

1176:

The first Iraqi forces of the expeditionary force reached

1137:

assaulted the Arab town of Jaffa with 600 men, initiating

7008:

Blog on Iraqi Forces by Former Naval Intelligence Officer

6885:. Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution. p. 10 6704: 6249:, Strategy Page (December 18, 2008). Retrieved 20.02.2015 4489:(distributed by Airlife Publishing Ltd. in UK), 1992/93, 4423: 4318: 4316: 4214: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4127: 4125: 4123: 4121: 4119: 4117: 4115: 4090: 4088: 4044: 4042: 4040: 4038: 4036: 4034: 4032: 4030: 4028: 4004: 3918: 3916: 3914: 3912: 3910: 3557: 2856:

reputation for selling the soldiers' poultry provisions.

2769:– suffered heavy casualties from ISIS in Fallujah in 2014 1790: 473:

as part of their country, during their resistance to the

6498: 5687: 5299: 3971: 3928: 3856: 3854: 3852: 3850: 3848: 3235:

The Iraqi Armed Service and Supply Institute located in

2124:, active from at least 1941. 1st Mechanised Division in 1043:

Iraqi army troops led by Taher Abdel Ghafour and with a

832:

The Golden Square was commanded by the "Four Colonels":

6839:. Fort Leavenworth, KS: Combat Studies Institute Press. 4970: 4779: 4767: 2036:

and to consist of 1st and 5th Mechanised Divisions and

1921:, covering border areas with Syria and Turkey, had the 328:: الجيش العراقي), is the ground force component of the 7331: 6911:

Embedded: A Marine Corps Adviser Inside the Iraqi Army

6119:"Global MRAP: The International Light Armored Vehicle" 5791: 4898: 4886: 4849: 4385: 4373: 4349: 4313: 4226: 4164: 4112: 4085: 4025: 4015: 4013: 3988: 3986: 3907: 3885: 3883: 3881: 3544:, and radio. Their light weapons consist of stocks of 3323:

over a three-day period starting on November 8, 2005.

1326:

Iraqi reinforcements kept arriving north and when the

912:

and the Iraqis demanded that these forces be removed.

408:

The modern Iraqi armed forces were established by the

9264:

Military units and formations of Iraq in the Iraq War

7072:

Russia's Bunker-Smashing Rockets Have Arrived in Iraq

6950:(Baghdad/Washington/Brussels: ICG, October 26, 2010). 6523:

Fontenot, Gregory; Degen, E. J.; Tohn, David (2004).

6438: 6395:

The Iraq War: Strategy, Tactics, and Military Lessons

5693: 5595:

Measuring Stability and Security in Iraq (March 2007)

5423: 3845: 2408:

training under the supervision of soldiers of the US

1757:

of Iraqi-occupied Kuwait on 2 August 1990 during the

6736:. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press. 4518: 4310:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2002, p.165 3940: 3815: 3813: 3811: 3602: 3239:

plays a significant role in training aspiring Iraqi

2144:, active from at least 1941. Served in Iran–Iraq War 2099: 1987: 1613:, manned machine-gun posts, bayonet charges, use of 1393:

lasted until 1958, when it was overthrown through a

153:

List of current equipment of the Iraqi Ground Forces

7057:

America's old Humvees add new luster to Iraqi fleet

6315:- Special Inspector General For Iraq Reconstruction 6285:"Iraq spends 5 billion dollars on US defence deals" 6212:"Iraq orders Abrams tanks through US FMS programme" 4583: 4581: 4500: 4250: 4238: 4137: 4073: 4010: 3983: 3878: 2955:

Iraqi Special Operations Forces training April 2011

2529:In June 2008 the army moved troops to the southern 1363:, a location that had been occupied by the British 320:: القوات البرية العراقية), also referred to as the 7458:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries 6329: 5972: 5605: 5603: 4447:Watts, Barry D. (1995). Gordon, Michael R. (ed.). 1470:Qāsim was assassinated in February 1963, when the 1443:. Qāsim was also promoted to the rank of general. 1255:, which was concentrated to the south, around the 862:, commander of the Independent Mechanized Brigade; 7932:Mujahideen Battalions of the Salafi Group of Iraq 6522: 6414:Elusive Victory: The Arab-Israeli Wars, 1947-1974 6144:"Armor: Cougars Cousin Badger Arrives in Baghdad" 5313:General: Suicide bomber was wearing Iraqi uniform 4662: 4642: 4602: 3808: 3593:Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction 3384:(option for 1,200) for delivery by Jan 2007. 573 3205: 2787: 2720:– Tikrit – split off from 4 Division in mid-2008. 2358:Multi-National Security Transition Command – Iraq 2280:, sat passive then elements destroyed by British 2064:of the Iraq Army at the Gizlani military base in 1878:(CNN) had the 3rd Armored Division (HQ Jalawia), 1019:, which dominated the politics of Iraq until the 873:Although Iraq was nominally independent, Britain 9250: 6555: 6327: 5745:"Power failure in Iraq as militias outgun state" 5023: 4797:See Gulf War Air Power Survey, Vol. I, pg 68/97. 4578: 3965: 3901: 3872: 3821:"Graft Hobbles Iraq's Military In Fighting Isis" 3681: 3511: 3005:does not directly command the army's divisions. 2704:– Tikrit – Division certified on August 8, 2006. 2468:Iraqi army battalion trains for urban operations 2392:majority in northern Iraq, rather than from the 2326:was engaged to train the first nine battalions. 2221: 2022:– reorganised as an armoured corps for the 1991 786:ground crews of the RAF, arrive at the docks at 545:in 1920. Likewise, British authorities selected 5990:Jeremy M. Sharp and Christopher M. Blanchard - 5600: 5481:"The Advisor, MNSTC-I Newsletter, July 8, 2006" 5209:. U.S. Department of defense. 1 December 2006. 3301:U.S. Army Tank-automotive and Armaments Command 3088:with five motorised and infantry brigades; the 2308: 1534:was in Israeli hands. During the course of the 1247:to split the narrow Israeli corridor along the 948:, on the main rail line from Baghdad to Basra. 886:were supported by the pro-Nazi and anti-Jewish 456:, but the threat of war with the newly forming 6808:. Random House Publishing Group. p. 118. 5635:Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments 4297:, 'New Division for Iraq Army,' 7 January 1959 4190:War in Palestine, 1948: Strategy and Diplomacy 4060: 3755:Center for Strategic and International Studies 3115:funded component that reports directly to the 1977:Coalition Provisional Authority Order Number 2 8065: 7807: 7484:Popular Resistance for the Liberation of Iraq 7317: 7092: 6602:International Institute for Strategic Studies 6589:International Institute for Strategic Studies 6191:Serbia seals multimillion arms deal with Iraq 6032:"Searching for Saddam's Tactical Body Armour" 3655:International Institute for Strategic Studies 3100:with four infantry brigades; the independent 3073:International Institute for Strategic Studies 2819:between the U.S. and Iraqi governments. 1802:International Institute for Strategic Studies 1311:ordered the commander of the Iraqi forces in 380:The Army extensively collaborated with Iraqi 7234:Private Security Company Association of Iraq 6940:Vol. 2, No. 1 (Spring 1994), pp. 31–35. 6734:Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness 1948-91 5609:Iraq - Post-Saddam Governance and Security, 3479:combat vehicles for elite Iraqi army units. 1857:. The five corps were organised as follows: 1664:destroyed while buried in the sand north of 1462:) deployed to Kuwait for a period. In 1961, 1413:and established friendly relations with the 747:, who had won a reputation from suppressing 6987:Iran's Militias Are Taking Over Iraq's Army 6933:. Beirut: Arab Scientific Publishers, 2006. 6843: 6834: 6529:. Naval Institute Press. pp. 222–232. 6328:Al-Marashi, Ibrahim; Salama, Sammy (2008). 5524:"Iraqi Bedouins seek role in secure future" 4976: 4964: 4952: 4937: 4916: 4810:, 10 April 2003, cited in Ahmed S. Hashim, 4160:. London: G. P. Putnam's Sons. p. 169. 3265:List of current equipment of the Iraqi Army 2331:Coalition Military Assistance Training Team 1649:Invasion of Kuwait and the Persian Gulf War 1063:in their opposition to the creation of the 8072: 8058: 7324: 7310: 7099: 7085: 6844:Zacchea, Michael; Kemp, Ted (2017-04-01). 6835:Wright, Donald R.; Reese, Timothy (2008). 6461: 6332:Iraq's Armed Forces: An Analytical History 5947:"Iraq Situation Report: January 1-2, 2015" 5865: 5711: 5587: 5106:Training the Iraqi Army - Revisited, Again 4988: 4892: 4812:Insurgency and Counter-insurgency in Iraq, 4716: 4434: 3713:"Measuring Security and Stability in Iraq" 3441:), ammunition and explosives and about 20 3319:received the tanks at its headquarters in 3271:List of former equipment of the Iraqi Army 2518:assault rifles for the more accurate U.S. 1343:By the beginning of 1951, British General 1239:strategic triangle in May, that being the 8380:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region 7481:Political Media Organ of the Ba'ath Party 6615:Washington Institute for Near East Policy 6556:Ghareeb, Edmund; Dougherty, Beth (2004). 6392: 5907:Freedberg, Sydney J. (November 5, 2015). 5906: 4674: 4658: 4630: 4615: 4614:Deployed 'east of Baghdad,' according to 2875:In late June 2014, after the large-scale 2698:– Sulamaniyah, Diyala, Kirkuk, Salahadin 2243:, served in Yom Kippur War, Iran–Iraq War 2081:transferred both from the 2nd Corps; the 8204:Kassite dynasty of the Babylonian Empire 6685: 5639: 5544: 5178:"US hands over control of Iraq military" 5148:"US hands over control of Iraq military" 4867: 4785: 4773: 4686: 4654: 4626: 4270:"The Assyrian Levies, The Final Chapter" 4232: 4220: 3705: 3661:(1st ed.). Routledge. p. 358. 3325: 3274: 3209: 3158:(NTM-I) opened a Joint Staff College in 3137: 2950: 2858: 2463: 2399: 2360:(MNSTC-I) (initially headed by Lt. Gen. 2347:Coalition Provisional Authority Order 22 2312: 2105: 2056: 1996: 1932: 1882:(HQ Amerli), and 34th Infantry Division. 1818: 1748: 1652: 1582: 1579:Order of battle during the Iran–Iraq War 1508: 1380: 1167: 1038: 1034: 777: 665: 395: 272:Lieutenant General Qassim Muhammad Salih 7448:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order 6792: 6770:. New York: Columbia University Press. 6731: 6608: 6047: 6045: 5809: 5797: 5699: 5667:"U.S. ending combat operations in Iraq" 4904: 4855: 4519:Keaney, Thomas; Eliot A. Cohen (1993). 4391: 4379: 4355: 4343: 4322: 4175: 4131: 4106: 4094: 4048: 3922: 3860: 3146:, in Besmaya, Baghdad, 28 October 2008. 3080:with 2 mech inf bde and 1 inf bde; the 2690:16th Division - 75th, 76, 91st Brigades 1946:Western Desert Force, consisting of an 1903:and the border with Iran, included the 1227:The expeditionary force moved into the 751:(and also responsible for the ruthless 14: 9251: 7993:Jamaat Jaysh Ahl al-Sunnah wa-l-Jamaah 7696:Islamic Front for the Iraqi Resistance 6709:. London: Naval & Military Press. 6543:from the original on 18 September 2015 6240:"Procurement: Iraq Buys What It Knows" 5742: 5389:"Microsoft Word – OOBpage5-IGFC-M.rtf" 5339:"Microsoft Word – OOBpage7-IGFC-B.rtf" 5290:(5/22/2008). Retrieved 11 October 2014 4751:. Marine Corps Gazette. Archived from 3548:-era arms, namely the Tabuk series of 3496:In 2016, Iraq finalized an order with 2675:, but them was reformed in April 2015. 2110:Exhibit "The Iraqi soldier" about the 1793:on communication centers and bunkers. 1172:Arab offensive, 15 May – 10 June 1948. 521:In August 1921, the British installed 8939: 8831: 8653: 8528: 8101: 8053: 7935:Islamic Salafist Boy Scout Battalions 7305: 7080: 6875: 6765: 6658: 6621: 6472: 6411: 6012:Iraqi Security Forces Order of Battle 5978: 5969:IISS 2020, p351 and Military Balance+ 5873:"United States Department of Defense" 5213:from the original on 30 November 2009 5073:from the original on 28 February 2007 4692: 4446: 4256: 4244: 4155: 4143: 4079: 4019: 3992: 3977: 3946: 3934: 3889: 3796:from the original on 30 December 2011 2991:Measuring Safety and Security in Iraq 2714:– Division certified on July 3, 2006. 1979:issued by U.S. Administrator of Iraq 1625:by Iran, and Iraq's extensive use of 976:One "mechanized" machine-gun company; 481:, and includes the rich oilfields of 171:Mediterranean and Middle East theatre 9233: 9175:Mesopotamian spring festival (Akitu) 7279:Iraq and weapons of mass destruction 6964:The Iraqi Army in the Yom Kippur War 6907: 6822:from the original on 12 October 2017 6801: 6756:Also see Pollack's book reviewed in 6595: 6582: 6489: 6209: 6042: 5724:from the original on 13 October 2017 5545:Prothero, Mitchell (July 14, 2014). 5369:This Week in Iraq – MNF-I Newsletter 5278:"Iraqi forces load up on U.S. arms," 5258:from the original on 12 January 2009 4740: 4719:"How I Didn't Dismantle Iraq's Army" 4587: 4506: 3833:from the original on 13 October 2017 3647: 2877:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant 2510:In May, Iraqi army forces launched 1370: 617:menacing to breakdown the country. 533:. Faisal had been forced out as the 432:. At first, the British created the 9223: 7252:Iraqi National Intelligence Service 6879:The Iraqi Counter Terrorism Service 5424:Dury-Agri, Kassim & Martin 2017 5041:"US arrests senior Iraqi commander" 4487:United States Naval Institute Press 4485:Norman Friedman, "Desert Victory," 4187: 3748:"The Gulf Military Balance in 2010" 3540:ballistic helmet, Generation I OTV 3491:United States Department of Defense 3388:APCs for delivery by Jan 2007. 756 2988:United States Department of Defense 2801:United States Department of Defense 2505:1st (Iraqi Reaction Force) Division 2430:United States Department of Defense 2424:Army training was transferred from 2016:– established before Iran-Iraq War. 1929:, 7th, and 16th Infantry Divisions. 1718:from the 1950s and 1960s, and some 1446:In 1961, an Army build up close to 979:One "mechanized" artillery brigade. 516: 24: 6898: 6591:– via Routledge for the ISS. 6477:. New York: Frederick A. Praeger. 5952:. Institute for the Study of War. 5154:. 7 September 2006. Archived from 5047:from the original on 31 March 2007 4717:Bremer III, L. Paul (2007-09-06). 4192:. London: Routledge. p. 232. 3764:from the original on 9 August 2010 3464:battle tanks, attack helicopters, 2572:summarized Barbero's findings as: 2482:Multi-National Division South-East 1975:. The Iraqi Army was disbanded by 1521:During the Six-Day War, the Iraqi 755:), was named Chief of the General 475:partitioning of the Ottoman Empire 25: 9280: 7850:Kataib Rouh Allah Issa Ibn Miriam 6980: 6034:. 6 November 2005. Archived from 5813:The Future of Iraq's Armed Forces 5712:Abdulrahim, Raja (29 June 2014). 5067:"Iraq to dissolve National Guard" 4749:"Fighting Through the Fog of War" 3429:machine guns, anti-tank weapons ( 3012:Three of the 56 brigades are not 2388:majority in Southern Iraq or the 2333:(CMATT), headed by Major General 2253:, July 1982. Reformed after 2003. 2100:Infantry and mechanised divisions 1988:Formations of the army, 1922–2003 1553: 1204:was poorly implemented - lacking 915:At 0500 hours on 2 May 1941, the 806:and members of the anti-British " 9232: 9222: 9212: 9203: 9202: 8508:2021–2022 Iraqi political crisis 8082: 7367: 7360: 7353: 7346: 7229:Department of Border Enforcement 7108: 6690:. University Press of Kentucky. 6560:. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. 6510: 6336:. Oxon and New York: Routledge. 6299: 6277: 6252: 6233: 6210:Foss, Christopher (2008-08-12). 6203: 6184: 6165: 6136: 6111: 6090: 6073:"Iraq's T-72s: Payment Received" 6065: 6024: 6004: 6001:- Congressional Research Service 5984: 5963: 5959:from the original on 2016-03-03. 5939: 5915: 5900: 5837: 5803: 5762: 5736: 5705: 5659: 5616: 5561: 5538: 5516: 5497: 5473: 5454: 5429: 5401:from the original on 2008-02-27. 4746: 4368:Prospects for Iraq, 1 April 1983 3605: 3552:copies and derivatives like the 3413:has signed a US$ 230m deal with 3341:gained approval to purchase 180 3249:Royal Military Academy Sandhurst 3247:. The training is based on the 3122: 3024:formed in January 2008, and the 3020:formed in the fall of 2008, the 2843:and Iraq's second largest city, 2594:Department of Border Enforcement 1572: 1477:under the leadership of General 1397:by the Iraqi Army, known as the 1385:A group of Iraqi soldiers, 1958. 1148:On 29 April, units of the élite 759:and successfully pressured King 299: 287: 64: 8987:Iraqi Turkmen/Turkoman dialects 8410:1979–1980 Shia uprising in Iraq 8400:1974–1975 Shatt al-Arab clashes 8139:Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period 7266:Iraqi Falcons Intelligence Cell 6864:from the original on 2017-10-12 6352:Coalition Provisional Authority 6266:from the original on 2014-09-10 6222:from the original on 2008-09-13 6154:from the original on 2012-10-28 6125:from the original on 2012-10-19 6079:from the original on 2006-04-04 5889:from the original on 2007-09-11 5826:from the original on 2017-09-21 5810:Knights, Michael (March 2016). 5780:from the original on 2017-10-13 5751:from the original on 2017-10-24 5743:Parker, Ned (21 October 2015). 5405: 5381: 5362: 5351:from the original on 2008-02-27 5331: 5318: 5305: 5270: 5244: 5225: 5199: 5188:from the original on 2018-01-04 5170: 5140: 5118: 5098: 5085: 5059: 5033: 4982: 4922: 4873: 4838:from the original on 2016-07-10 4820: 4800: 4791: 4729:from the original on 2009-04-23 4710: 4663:Fontenot, Degen & Tohn 2004 4643:Fontenot, Degen & Tohn 2004 4608: 4603:Fontenot, Degen & Tohn 2004 4566: 4555:from the original on 2009-04-16 4541: 4512: 4479: 4440: 4420:Military Balance 1989-90, p.101 4410: 4397: 4361: 4337: 4328: 4300: 4286: 4262: 4181: 4149: 4054: 3729:from the original on 2007-09-11 3520:, the 6 color "Chocolate Chip" 2996:Iraqi Special Operations Forces 2526:rifles, among other equipment. 2474:Operation Charge of the Knights 2209:51st Mechanised Division (Iraq) 1409:to power. He withdrew from the 936:were stationed in Baghdad. The 361:invasion of Iraq by U.S. forces 332:. It was formerly known as the 8270:Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia 7817:Nineveh Plain Protection Units 6802:West, Bing (7 December 2011). 6445:Institute for the Study of War 6373:. October 2003. Archived from 6200:- International Herald Tribune 5854:. 27 June 2007. Archived from 5844:House Armed Services Committee 5462:"Daily story on MNF-I Webpage" 4870:, pp. 244, 245, 267, 288. 3776: 3740: 3691: 3675: 3636:Uniforms of Iraqi Armed Forces 3206:Recruits and enlisted soldiers 3196:United States Military Academy 3028:formed in the spring of 2009. 2980:House Armed Services Committee 2918:Office of Security Cooperation 2805:Congressional Research Service 2788:U.S. Military Transition Teams 2259:, served in Iran–Iraq War, in 1823:In the days leading up to the 1668:during Operation Desert Storm. 1562:. It consisted of the 3rd and 1504: 944:, and the 4th Division was in 815:against the current government 430:Military of the Ottoman Empire 13: 1: 8529: 7827:Qaraqosh Protection Committee 7610:Harakat Ansar Allah al-Awfiya 7430:Facilities Protection Service 7224:Facilities Protection Service 6793:Spearin, Christopher (2008). 6558:Historical Dictionary of Iraq 6321: 3512:Uniforms and personal weapons 3425:5.56 mm assault rifles, 3065:Kurdistan Regional Government 2867:wearing masks and armed with 2671:– dissolved and collapsed in 2603:National Operations Center – 2222:Armoured divisions up to 2003 1220:their route properly and got 651:Said strong army would allow 228:Kurdistan Region–PKK conflict 8766:in ISIL-controlled territory 8654: 7259:General Security Directorate 6970:, Tel Aviv: Ma'arachot, 1986 6732:Pollack, Kenneth M. (2002). 6636:10.1080/00263200412331301987 6598:The Military Balance 1997-98 5593:U.S. Department of Defense, 5132:. 2006-05-04. Archived from 5024:Al-Marashi & Salama 2008 4817:, Ithaca, New York, 2006, 9. 4449:""Friction in the Gulf War"" 3966:Ghareeb & Dougherty 2004 3902:Al-Marashi & Salama 2008 3873:Al-Marashi & Salama 2008 3757:. 22 April 2010. p. 2. 3682:Al-Marashi & Salama 2008 3390:Iraqi Light Armored Vehicles 3345:APCs in good condition from 3258: 3156:NATO Training Mission – Iraq 2946: 2822: 2418:NATO Training Mission - Iraq 2309:Rebuilding an Army from 2003 2247:9th Armoured Division (Iraq) 2230:, active by 1967, served in 1101:Iraqi forces received their 798:In early April 1941, during 767: 47:; 103 years ago 7: 9269:1921 establishments in Iraq 8940: 8832: 8677:Council of Representatives 8415:Weapons of mass destruction 8102: 8018:Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad 8008:Jaish al-Ta'ifa al-Mansurah 7962:Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan 7630:Liwa Abu al-Fadhal al-Abbas 7605:Abu al-Fadl al-Abbas Forces 7595:Harakat Hezbollah al-Nujaba 7522:Popular Mobilization Forces 7186:Popular Mobilization Forces 6908:Gray, Wesley (2013-08-10). 6393:Cordesman, Anthony (2003). 6172:Serbia signs Iraq arms deal 5130:Multi-National Force – Iraq 4525:Department of the Air Force 3722:. August 2006. p. 52. 3598: 3230: 3133: 3014:Iraqi Ground Forces Command 3003:Iraqi Ground Forces Command 2998:brigade of two battalions. 2929:Iraqi Ground Forces Command 2610:Baghdad Operational Command 2564:In 2011 Lieutenant General 2478:Multi-National Force – Iraq 2438:Iraqi Ground Forces Command 2296: 2192:, served in Iran–Iraq War ( 2178:, served in Iran–Iraq War, 2138:, active from at least 1941 1917:, with its headquarters at 1911:and 18th Infantry Division. 1152:assaulted positions on the 382:Popular Mobilization Forces 208:1973 Samita border skirmish 10: 9285: 8405:1977 Shia uprising in Iraq 7645:Islamic Resistance in Iraq 6956:Jane's Intelligence Review 6944:International Crisis Group 6465:Jane's Intelligence Review 6010:DJ Elliott and CJ Radin - 5669:. NBC News. 18 August 2010 5504:Page 9: IGFC Basrah Sector 5043:. BBC. 26 September 2004. 4497:, pages 117-119, 443, 446. 4370:, accessed September 2020. 4063:The Arab-Israeli War, 1948 4061:O'Ballance, Edgar (1956). 3720:U.S. Department of Defense 3449:. Iraq's defence Minister 3268: 3262: 3126: 3113:Ministry of Defence (Iraq) 3041:a division numbered "16th" 2937:Ninewa Operational Command 2898:Reuters reported that the 2696:Diyala Operational Command 2659:Ninewa Operational Command 2214:53rd, 54th, 56th Divisions 2194:Operation Beit-ol-Moqaddas 2116:Fort Lewis Military Museum 1576: 1374: 1253:Transjordanian Arab Legion 897:and Arab guerrilla leader 771: 718:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1930 554:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1922 428:and fought as part of the 391: 9198: 9097: 8952: 8948: 8935: 8840: 8827: 8662: 8649: 8537: 8524: 8345: 8262: 8114: 8110: 8097: 7967:Black Banner Organization 7947: 7915: 7906: 7863: 7797: 7748: 7714: 7660: 7650:Kata'ib Sayyid al-Shuhada 7511: 7501: 7438: 7377: 7343: 7274: 7242: 7199: 7176: 7121: 7061:Christian Science Monitor 6938:The Arab Studies Journal, 6914:. Naval Institute Press. 6686:Malovany, Pesach (2017). 6609:Knights, Michael (2015). 6585:The Military Balance 2022 6412:Dupuy, Trevor N. (1978). 5238:29 September 2007 at the 5069:. BBC. 29 December 2004. 4521:Gulf War Air Power Survey 3659:The Military Balance 2024 3626:Iraqi Army Ranks Insignia 3518:Desert Camouflage Uniform 3241:non-commissioned officers 3168:Multi-National Force Iraq 3109:Counter-Terrorism Service 3043:which was "new" when the 2959:The Iraqi Army began the 2923:The new government under 2794:Military transition teams 2758:Anbar Operational Command 2499:—a month of fighting—the 2373:Iraqi Civil Defense Corps 2263:with Jihad Forces (corps) 2166:, served in Iran–Iraq War 1133:On 25 April, the Israeli 1021:overthrow of the monarchy 962:Armoured car company (14 955:Light Tank Company (Fiat 869:, chief of the Air Force. 369:withdrawal of U.S. troops 295: 281: 276: 266: 261: 158: 148: 136: 125: 115: 105: 97: 87: 77: 59: 41: 36: 31: 8756:in Saddam Hussein's Iraq 8667:Administrative divisions 8030:Wakefulness and Holy War 8003:Mujahideen Shura Council 7983:Hassan Al-Basri Brigades 7878:Êzîdxan Protection Force 7730:Kurdistan Workers' Party 7681:1920 Revolution Brigades 6850:. Chicago Review Press. 6766:Simon, Reeva S. (1986). 6051:Defense Industry Daily, 5622:Andrew F. Krepinevich, 5597:, p. 23, p. 25 5095:, 8 September 2004, p.23 4815:Cornell University Press 4453:Naval War College Review 4407:, Cambridge, 2008, p.171 4405:A History of Modern Iran 4268:Solomon (Sawa) Solomon, 3641: 3528:, the U.S. Marine Corps 3026:2nd Presidential Brigade 3022:1st Presidential Brigade 2726:Basra Operations Command 2550:Special Republican Guard 2476:in Basra. They received 2416:On August 14, 2004, the 2354:First Battle of Fallujah 1992: 1835:. In all, there were 11 1813:Special Republican Guard 1783:Soviet military doctrine 1777: — fighting within 1761:that began the Gulf War. 1759:Iraqi invasion of Kuwait 1377:Iraqi Republic (1958–68) 1065:Jewish national homeland 893:, the German ambassador 888:Grand Mufti of Jerusalem 658:The army would create a 541:in the aftermath of the 233:Iraqi invasion of Kuwait 218:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War 101:180,000 personnel (2023) 8315:Mandate for Mesopotamia 8189:First Babylonian Empire 8025:Shield of Islam Brigade 7978:Abu Bakr Al-Salafi Army 7957:Al-Mustafa Army in Iraq 7888:Sinjar Resistance Units 7845:Syriac Military Council 7779:Brigade of Imam Hussein 7735:Kurdistan Freedom Hawks 7048:Cordesman, Anthony H., 7033:Cordesman, Anthony H., 5611:CRS Report for Congress 4977:Zacchea & Kemp 2017 4965:Wright & Reese 2008 4953:Wright & Reese 2008 4938:Wright & Reese 2008 4917:Wright & Reese 2008 4575:Military Balance 1992-3 4156:Lorch, Netanel (1961). 3574:Al-Kadesih sniper rifle 3524:, the woodland-pattern 3380:) APCs were ordered in 3317:9th Mechanised Division 3086:14th Motorised Division 3078:7th Mechanised Division 2833:4th Iraqi Army division 2718:12th Motorized Division 2587: 2559: 2459: 2440:(IFGC) headquarters at 2337:, was organized by the 1923:1st Mechanised Division 1617:across trenches and on 1424:distanced himself from 1349:Middle East Land Forces 1338:Israeli attack on Jenin 1105:with the ALA defending 838:Salah ed-Din es-Sabbagh 685:into a modern, unified 672:anti-Barzani operations 529:as the client ruler of 248:War in Iraq (2013–2017) 193:First Iraqi–Kurdish War 8474:Insurgency (2011–2013) 8395:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 8199:Middle Assyrian Empire 7580:Saraya Ansar al-Aqeeda 6931:Before History Left Us 6759:International Security 6688:Wars of Modern Babylon 6659:Lyman, Robert (2005). 5927:www.globalsecurity.org 5923:"Army Order of Battle" 5104:The Long War Journal, 3562:Type 56 assault rifles 3489:In February 2009, the 3337:On July 29, 2005, the 3334: 3280: 3219: 3147: 3129:Military ranks of Iraq 3117:Prime Minister of Iraq 3098:17th Commando Division 3094:15th Infantry Division 3082:6th Motorised Division 3045:82nd Airborne Division 2956: 2872: 2799:As of March 2007, the 2702:4th Motorised Division 2679:3rd Motorised Division 2647:17th Commando Division 2641:11th Infantry Division 2625:6th Motorised Division 2582: 2469: 2413: 2318: 2278:52nd Armoured Division 2273:17th Armoured Division 2267:12th Armoured Division 2257:10th Armoured Division 2132:. Reformed after 2003. 2119: 2069: 2009: 1967:in the north, and the 1942: 1909:14th Infantry Division 1880:15th Infantry Division 1762: 1687:Iraqi Republican Guard 1676:which led to the 1991 1669: 1592: 1564:6th Armoured Divisions 1518: 1386: 1347:, Commander-in-Chief, 1173: 1052: 987:light machine guns; 8 795: 774:1941 Iraqi coup d'état 701:tribes and rose up in 675: 640:A strong army ensured 560:the British-officered 405: 37:القوات البرية العراقية 8761:in post-invasion Iraq 8467:U.S. troop withdrawal 8229:Neo-Babylonian Empire 7988:Jamaat Ansar al-Sunna 7893:Êzîdxan Women's Units 7706:Harakat Ahrar al-Iraq 7558:Special Groups (Iraq) 7534:'s Mahdi Army faction 7409:Iraqi security forces 7115:Iraqi security forces 7037:, Praeger/CSIS, 2006 7035:Iraqi Security Forces 6876:Witty, David (2015). 6490:Fisk, Robert (2005). 6473:Finer, S. E. (1962). 6098:"Defense News (dead)" 5093:Jane's Defence Weekly 3657:(February 13, 2024). 3451:Abdul-Qadir al-Obaidi 3329: 3278: 3245:commissioned officers 3218:, Iraq, Nov. 18, 2015 3213: 3144:Besmaya Gunnery Range 3141: 3102:17th Infantry Brigade 3090:1st Infantry Division 2954: 2887:in Salah al Din, the 2862: 2773:7th Infantry Division 2767:1st Infantry Division 2732:8th Commando Division 2708:5th Infantry Division 2612:– Baghdad – Lt. Gen. 2574: 2512:Operation Lion's Roar 2467: 2403: 2339:Department of Defense 2316: 2282:1st Armoured Division 2241:6th Armoured Division 2228:3rd Armoured Division 2109: 2083:4th Infantry Division 2079:2nd Infantry Division 2060: 2038:9th Armoured Division 2000: 1961:2003 invasion of Iraq 1937:Abandoned Iraqi Army 1936: 1905:10th Armored Division 1825:2003 invasion of Iraq 1819:U.S. invasion in 2003 1806:Jane's Defence Weekly 1752: 1656: 1586: 1523:3rd Armoured Division 1512: 1384: 1171: 1143:house to house combat 1076:Royal Iraqi Air Force 1057:1948 Arab–Israeli War 1042: 1035:1948 Arab–Israeli War 971:"mechanized" infantry 853:1st Infantry Division 842:3rd Infantry Division 804:Rashid Ali al-Gaylani 781: 741:Rashid Ali al-Gaylani 669: 399: 188:1948 Arab–Israeli War 8710:Council of Ministers 8592:Mesopotamian Marshes 7822:Nineveh Plain Forces 7691:Islamic Army in Iraq 7590:Kata'ib Jund al-Imam 7568:Promised Day Brigade 7418:Iraqi Police Service 7209:Ministry of Interior 6613:. Washington, D.C.: 6289:www.khaleejtimes.com 6148:www.strategypage.com 5774:smallwarsjournal.com 5688:Godfroy et al. 2019b 5624:Send in the Advisers 5394:. Long War Journal. 5300:Godfroy et al. 2019b 4665:, pp. 101, 138. 4657:, pp. 662–663; 4629:, pp. 662–663; 4403:Abrahamian, Ervand, 4005:Playfair et al. 2004 3829:. 23 November 2014. 3536:. Nearly all have a 3506:9th Armored Division 3339:United Arab Emirates 3310:agreed to donate 77 3200:US Air Force Academy 2841:Al Anbar Governorate 2631:9th Armored Division 2377:Iraqi National Guard 2349:of August 18, 2003. 2042:6th Armored Division 1081:Arab Liberation Army 891:Haj Amin al-Husseini 697:unified a number of 624:and by the powerful 466:claimed the Ottoman 9259:Iraqi Ground Forces 8972:Mesopotamian Arabic 8778:Freedom of religion 8224:Neo-Assyrian Empire 8194:Old Assyrian Period 8179:Neo-Sumerian Empire 7759:Iraqi Turkmen Front 7671:Tribal Mobilization 7585:Kata'ib al-Imam Ali 7214:Ministry of Justice 7190:Tribal Mobilization 7131:Ministry of Defence 7052:, February 15, 2006 6624:Middle East Studies 6354:(August 18, 2003). 6306:Reports to Congress 5880:www.defenselink.mil 4967:, pp. 448–449. 4940:, pp. 433–436. 4919:, pp. 433–434. 4755:on December 1, 2008 4689:, pp. 662–663. 4645:, p. 101, 138. 4188:Tal, David (2004). 4109:, pp. 150–151. 4069:. pp. 84, 115. 3980:, pp. 157–158. 3937:, pp. 116–119. 3792:. 15 October 2011. 3789:The Huffington Post 3396:to the Iraqi Army. 2900:5th Division (Iraq) 2635:Baghdad Governorate 2426:Vinnell Corporation 2324:Vinnell Corporation 1969:Battle of Nasiriyah 1479:Ahmed Hasan al-Bakr 1345:Sir Brian Robertson 1275:police fort on the 1184:. On 15 May, Iraqi 1045:Humber Armoured Car 851:, commander of the 840:, commander of the 644:dominance over the 355:British control of 314:Iraqi Ground Forces 183:1943 Barzani revolt 32:Iraqi Ground Forces 8903:Telecommunications 8878:Foreign Investment 8815:Wars and conflicts 8751:in pre-Saddam Iraq 8715:Presidency Council 8501:2019–2021 protests 8430:Invasion of Kuwait 8254:Sassanid Asorestan 8249:Parthian Babylonia 8244:Seleucid Babylonia 8239:Achaemenid Assyria 8154:Jemdet Nasr period 7686:Jaish al-Rashideen 7615:Quwwat Sahl Ninawa 7548:Soldiers of Heaven 7387:Iraqi Armed Forces 7136:Iraqi Armed Forces 6992:2015-02-04 at the 6958:(November 4, 2010) 6311:2010-02-22 at the 6245:2013-05-30 at the 6196:2008-12-11 at the 6177:2008-04-04 at the 6058:2007-04-07 at the 6021:- Long War Journal 6017:2008-02-27 at the 5997:2015-09-24 at the 5652:2007-12-16 at the 5629:2007-09-27 at the 5575:on 12 January 2009 5513:- Long War Journal 5509:2008-02-27 at the 5374:2006-07-11 at the 5302:, pp. 282–83. 5283:2012-03-14 at the 5158:on 16 January 2009 5111:2007-04-08 at the 4723:The New York Times 4704:2008-02-27 at the 4275:2011-07-22 at the 3826:The New York Times 3572:machine guns, and 3554:Tabuk Sniper Rifle 3502:T-90S and SK tanks 3335: 3281: 3220: 3192:military academies 3148: 3071:In late 2020, the 2957: 2931:commander General 2904:Diyala Governorate 2873: 2809:Andrew Krepinevich 2712:Diyala Governorate 2627:– Western Baghdad. 2531:Maysan Governorate 2497:Siege of Sadr City 2470: 2414: 2375:(which became the 2319: 2120: 2070: 2053:Khuzestan Province 2010: 1943: 1827:and the following 1763: 1728:laser rangefinders 1696:Iraqi Popular Army 1674:Invasion of Kuwait 1672:By the eve of the 1670: 1633:) against Iranian 1623:human wave attacks 1593: 1536:Jordanian Campaign 1519: 1407:Abd al-Karim Qasim 1399:14 July Revolution 1391:Hashemite monarchy 1387: 1257:Jerusalem corridor 1202:double envelopment 1174: 1092:Jewish settlements 1053: 1000:Fliegerführer Irak 969:Two battalions of 796: 676: 615:centrifugal forces 458:Republic of Turkey 406: 330:Iraqi Armed Forces 110:Iraqi Armed Forces 9246: 9245: 9194: 9193: 9190: 9189: 9180:Mandaean New Year 8931: 8930: 8823: 8822: 8805:Political parties 8700:Foreign relations 8645: 8644: 8552:Lower Mesopotamia 8547:Upper Mesopotamia 8520: 8519: 8516: 8515: 8280:Abbasid Caliphate 8275:Umayyad Caliphate 8184:Isin-Larsa period 8047: 8046: 8043: 8042: 7902: 7901: 7840: 7839: 7784:Sayyid al-Shuhada 7640:Liwa Ali al-Akbar 7635:Jaysh al-Mu'ammal 7573:Kata'ib Hezbollah 7563:Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq 7553:Free Iraqi Forces 7538:Badr Organization 7424:Supporting Forces 7299: 7298: 7161:Air Defence Force 6815:978-0-307-80834-9 6762:, Vol. 28, No. 2. 6536:978-1-59114-279-9 6404:978-0-89206-432-8 6343:978-0-415-40078-7 6181:- IraqUpdates.com 5718:Los Angeles Times 5526:. 25 January 2010 5182:www.aljazeera.com 4879:Kenneth Pollack, 4677:, pp. 45–46. 4308:A History of Iraq 4223:, pp. 41–43. 4199:978-0-203-49954-2 4067:Faber & Faber 3904:, pp. 23–24. 3285:the 2003 invasion 2986:According to the 2933:Ali Ghaidan Majid 2637:on June 26, 2006. 2292:in February 1991. 2290:Battle of Norfolk 2251:Operation Ramadan 1973:Battle of Baghdad 1965:Task Force Viking 1848:armored divisions 1846:divisions, and 3 1589:Wafiq Al-Samarrai 1495:Abdul Rahman Arif 1403:Faisal II of Iraq 1371:Republic declared 1182:Nur ad-Din Mahmud 1117:(Lake Kinneret). 940:was stationed in 660:national identity 634:internal security 543:Franco-Syrian War 444:(RAF) with which 338:coup of July 1958 307: 306: 198:Operation Vantage 16:(Redirected from 9276: 9236: 9235: 9226: 9225: 9216: 9206: 9205: 8950: 8949: 8937: 8936: 8868: 8829: 8828: 8680: 8651: 8650: 8637:Sinjar Mountains 8627:Zagros Mountains 8567:Hamrin Mountains 8526: 8525: 8489:Mosul liberation 8462:Iraqi insurgency 8384:National Command 8373: 8209:Simurrum culture 8112: 8111: 8099: 8098: 8088: 8087: 8086: 8074: 8067: 8060: 8051: 8050: 8013:Al-Qaeda in Iraq 7949:Salafi Jihadists 7913: 7912: 7873:Asayîşa Êzîdxanê 7805: 7804: 7740:Asayîşa Êzîdxanê 7676:Awakening groups 7543:Sheibani Network 7509: 7508: 7379:Iraqi government 7372: 7371: 7365: 7364: 7358: 7357: 7351: 7350: 7326: 7319: 7312: 7303: 7302: 7113: 7112: 7101: 7094: 7087: 7078: 7077: 7063:, March 17, 2008 6929:Hamdani, Ra'ad. 6925: 6894: 6892: 6890: 6884: 6872: 6870: 6869: 6840: 6831: 6829: 6827: 6798: 6789: 6755: 6728: 6701: 6682: 6666: 6655: 6618: 6605: 6592: 6579: 6552: 6550: 6548: 6514: 6513: 6509: 6507: 6495: 6494:. Fourth Estate. 6486: 6469: 6458: 6456: 6455: 6435: 6408: 6389: 6387: 6385: 6379: 6371:www.cpa-iraq.org 6368: 6359: 6347: 6335: 6316: 6303: 6297: 6296: 6291:. Archived from 6281: 6275: 6274: 6272: 6271: 6256: 6250: 6237: 6231: 6230: 6228: 6227: 6207: 6201: 6188: 6182: 6169: 6163: 6162: 6160: 6159: 6140: 6134: 6133: 6131: 6130: 6115: 6109: 6108: 6106: 6104: 6094: 6088: 6087: 6085: 6084: 6069: 6063: 6049: 6040: 6039: 6028: 6022: 6008: 6002: 5988: 5982: 5976: 5970: 5967: 5961: 5960: 5958: 5951: 5943: 5937: 5936: 5934: 5933: 5919: 5913: 5912: 5904: 5898: 5897: 5895: 5894: 5888: 5877: 5869: 5863: 5862: 5861:on 27 June 2007. 5860: 5853: 5841: 5835: 5834: 5832: 5831: 5825: 5818: 5807: 5801: 5795: 5789: 5788: 5786: 5785: 5766: 5760: 5759: 5757: 5756: 5740: 5734: 5733: 5731: 5729: 5709: 5703: 5697: 5691: 5685: 5679: 5678: 5676: 5674: 5663: 5657: 5643: 5637: 5620: 5614: 5607: 5598: 5591: 5585: 5584: 5582: 5580: 5571:. Archived from 5565: 5559: 5558: 5556: 5554: 5542: 5536: 5535: 5533: 5531: 5520: 5514: 5501: 5495: 5494: 5492: 5486:. Archived from 5485: 5477: 5471: 5470:, August 9, 2006 5469: 5464:. Archived from 5458: 5452: 5451: 5449: 5448: 5441:War on the Rocks 5433: 5427: 5421: 5412: 5409: 5403: 5402: 5400: 5393: 5385: 5379: 5366: 5360: 5359: 5357: 5356: 5350: 5343: 5335: 5329: 5322: 5316: 5309: 5303: 5297: 5291: 5274: 5268: 5267: 5265: 5263: 5248: 5242: 5229: 5223: 5222: 5220: 5218: 5203: 5197: 5196: 5194: 5193: 5174: 5168: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5144: 5138: 5137: 5122: 5116: 5102: 5096: 5089: 5083: 5082: 5080: 5078: 5063: 5057: 5056: 5054: 5052: 5037: 5031: 5021: 5015: 5014: 5012: 5011: 5005: 4999:. Archived from 4998: 4986: 4980: 4974: 4968: 4962: 4956: 4950: 4941: 4935: 4929: 4926: 4920: 4914: 4908: 4902: 4896: 4890: 4884: 4877: 4871: 4865: 4859: 4853: 4847: 4846: 4844: 4843: 4824: 4818: 4804: 4798: 4795: 4789: 4783: 4777: 4771: 4765: 4764: 4762: 4760: 4744: 4738: 4737: 4735: 4734: 4714: 4708: 4696: 4690: 4684: 4678: 4672: 4666: 4652: 4646: 4640: 4634: 4624: 4618: 4612: 4606: 4600: 4591: 4585: 4576: 4570: 4564: 4563: 4561: 4560: 4545: 4539: 4538: 4516: 4510: 4504: 4498: 4483: 4477: 4476: 4444: 4438: 4432: 4421: 4414: 4408: 4401: 4395: 4389: 4383: 4377: 4371: 4365: 4359: 4353: 4347: 4341: 4335: 4332: 4326: 4320: 4311: 4306:Tripp, Charles. 4304: 4298: 4290: 4284: 4283:4Q,93, V16, No4. 4281:Nineveh Magazine 4266: 4260: 4254: 4248: 4242: 4236: 4230: 4224: 4218: 4212: 4211: 4185: 4179: 4173: 4162: 4161: 4153: 4147: 4141: 4135: 4129: 4110: 4104: 4098: 4092: 4083: 4077: 4071: 4070: 4058: 4052: 4046: 4023: 4017: 4008: 4002: 3996: 3990: 3981: 3975: 3969: 3963: 3950: 3944: 3938: 3932: 3926: 3920: 3905: 3899: 3893: 3887: 3876: 3870: 3864: 3858: 3843: 3842: 3840: 3838: 3817: 3806: 3805: 3803: 3801: 3780: 3774: 3773: 3771: 3769: 3763: 3752: 3744: 3738: 3737: 3735: 3734: 3728: 3717: 3709: 3703: 3702: 3695: 3689: 3679: 3673: 3672: 3651: 3615: 3610: 3609: 3608: 3560:and the Chinese 3447:trainer aircraft 3364:were donated by 3061:Khaled al-Obaidi 2973:Republican Guard 2969:Persian Gulf War 2839:large swaths of 2681:– Formed in 2005 2495:. Following the 2450:chain of command 2446:Iraqi insurgency 2366:Iraqi insurgency 2303:Persian Gulf War 2286:Operation Granby 2261:Persian Gulf War 2180:Persian Gulf War 2158:Battle of Khafji 2126:Persian Gulf War 2093:Persian Gulf War 2007:Battle of Khafji 1948:armored infantry 1915:5th Corps (Iraq) 1682:Persian Gulf War 1678:Persian Gulf War 1627:chemical weapons 1497:. Following the 1487:Abdul Salam Arif 1353:Military Attaché 1210:frontal assaults 1139:Operation Hametz 1085:Fawzi al-Qawuqji 964:Vickers Crossley 899:Fawzi al-Qawuqji 761:Ghazi bin Faisal 517:Royal Iraqi Army 487:as-Sulaymaniyyah 454:RAF Iraq Command 365:Iraqi insurgency 359:. Following the 349:inter-war period 334:Royal Iraqi Army 303: 291: 253:Syrian Civil War 166:Second World War 131: 70: 68: 67: 55: 53: 48: 29: 28: 21: 9284: 9283: 9279: 9278: 9277: 9275: 9274: 9273: 9249: 9248: 9247: 9242: 9186: 9170:Public holidays 9093: 8944: 8927: 8866: 8836: 8819: 8678: 8658: 8641: 8572:Iraqi Kurdistan 8562:Euphrates river 8533: 8512: 8479:War (2014–2017) 8425:Operation Opera 8371: 8341: 8337:Arab Federation 8325:Kingdom of Iraq 8258: 8234:Fall of Babylon 8169:Akkadian Empire 8144:Samarra culture 8129:Hassuna culture 8106: 8093: 8081: 8080: 8078: 8048: 8039: 7943: 7939:Mohammad's Army 7928:Mujahideen Army 7898: 7883:Sinjar Alliance 7859: 7855:Babylon Brigade 7836: 7799:Assyrian/Syriac 7793: 7789:Bashir Regiment 7744: 7710: 7656: 7600:Saraya al-Jihad 7497: 7493:Free Iraqi Army 7488:Al-Abud Network 7478:Patriotic Front 7453:Fedayeen Saddam 7434: 7421:National Police 7397:Iraqi Air Force 7373: 7366: 7359: 7352: 7345: 7339: 7330: 7300: 7295: 7270: 7238: 7201:Law enforcement 7195: 7172: 7117: 7107: 7105: 6994:Wayback Machine 6983: 6922: 6901: 6899:Further reading 6888: 6886: 6882: 6867: 6865: 6858: 6825: 6823: 6816: 6778: 6744: 6717: 6698: 6679: 6568: 6546: 6544: 6537: 6511: 6505: 6453: 6451: 6424: 6405: 6383: 6381: 6377: 6366: 6362: 6344: 6324: 6319: 6313:Wayback Machine 6304: 6300: 6283: 6282: 6278: 6269: 6267: 6258: 6257: 6253: 6247:Wayback Machine 6238: 6234: 6225: 6223: 6208: 6204: 6198:Wayback Machine 6189: 6185: 6179:Wayback Machine 6170: 6166: 6157: 6155: 6142: 6141: 6137: 6128: 6126: 6117: 6116: 6112: 6102: 6100: 6096: 6095: 6091: 6082: 6080: 6071: 6070: 6066: 6060:Wayback Machine 6050: 6043: 6030: 6029: 6025: 6019:Wayback Machine 6009: 6005: 5999:Wayback Machine 5989: 5985: 5977: 5973: 5968: 5964: 5956: 5949: 5945: 5944: 5940: 5931: 5929: 5921: 5920: 5916: 5905: 5901: 5892: 5890: 5886: 5875: 5871: 5870: 5866: 5858: 5851: 5847: 5842: 5838: 5829: 5827: 5823: 5816: 5808: 5804: 5796: 5792: 5783: 5781: 5768: 5767: 5763: 5754: 5752: 5741: 5737: 5727: 5725: 5710: 5706: 5698: 5694: 5686: 5682: 5672: 5670: 5665: 5664: 5660: 5654:Wayback Machine 5644: 5640: 5631:Wayback Machine 5621: 5617: 5608: 5601: 5592: 5588: 5578: 5576: 5567: 5566: 5562: 5552: 5550: 5543: 5539: 5529: 5527: 5522: 5521: 5517: 5511:Wayback Machine 5502: 5498: 5490: 5483: 5479: 5478: 5474: 5460: 5459: 5455: 5446: 5444: 5435: 5434: 5430: 5422: 5415: 5410: 5406: 5398: 5391: 5387: 5386: 5382: 5378:, June 26, 2006 5376:Wayback Machine 5367: 5363: 5354: 5352: 5348: 5341: 5337: 5336: 5332: 5323: 5319: 5310: 5306: 5298: 5294: 5285:Wayback Machine 5275: 5271: 5261: 5259: 5250: 5249: 5245: 5240:Wayback Machine 5230: 5226: 5216: 5214: 5205: 5204: 5200: 5191: 5189: 5176: 5175: 5171: 5161: 5159: 5146: 5145: 5141: 5124: 5123: 5119: 5113:Wayback Machine 5103: 5099: 5090: 5086: 5076: 5074: 5065: 5064: 5060: 5050: 5048: 5039: 5038: 5034: 5022: 5018: 5009: 5007: 5006:on May 23, 2005 5003: 4996: 4987: 4983: 4975: 4971: 4963: 4959: 4951: 4944: 4936: 4932: 4927: 4923: 4915: 4911: 4903: 4899: 4893:Eisenstadt 1993 4891: 4887: 4881:Armies of Sand, 4878: 4874: 4866: 4862: 4854: 4850: 4841: 4839: 4832:edition.cnn.com 4826: 4825: 4821: 4805: 4801: 4796: 4792: 4784: 4780: 4772: 4768: 4758: 4756: 4745: 4741: 4732: 4730: 4715: 4711: 4706:Wayback Machine 4697: 4693: 4685: 4681: 4673: 4669: 4653: 4649: 4641: 4637: 4625: 4621: 4613: 4609: 4601: 4594: 4586: 4579: 4571: 4567: 4558: 4556: 4547: 4546: 4542: 4535: 4517: 4513: 4505: 4501: 4484: 4480: 4459:(4): 94, 106n. 4445: 4441: 4435:Eisenstadt 1993 4433: 4424: 4415: 4411: 4402: 4398: 4390: 4386: 4378: 4374: 4366: 4362: 4354: 4350: 4342: 4338: 4333: 4329: 4321: 4314: 4305: 4301: 4291: 4287: 4277:Wayback Machine 4267: 4263: 4255: 4251: 4243: 4239: 4231: 4227: 4219: 4215: 4200: 4186: 4182: 4174: 4165: 4154: 4150: 4142: 4138: 4130: 4113: 4105: 4101: 4093: 4086: 4078: 4074: 4059: 4055: 4047: 4026: 4018: 4011: 4003: 3999: 3991: 3984: 3976: 3972: 3964: 3953: 3945: 3941: 3933: 3929: 3921: 3908: 3900: 3896: 3888: 3879: 3871: 3867: 3859: 3846: 3836: 3834: 3819: 3818: 3809: 3799: 3797: 3782: 3781: 3777: 3767: 3765: 3761: 3750: 3746: 3745: 3741: 3732: 3730: 3726: 3715: 3711: 3710: 3706: 3697: 3696: 3692: 3680: 3676: 3669: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3621:Iraqi Air Force 3611: 3606: 3604: 3601: 3532:, or Jordanian 3514: 3273: 3267: 3261: 3233: 3208: 3184:military police 3136: 3131: 3125: 3018:Baghdad Brigade 2961:Anglo-Iraqi War 2949: 2925:Haider al-Abadi 2916:, Chief of the 2825: 2790: 2775:– Ramadi, West 2663:Ninewa Province 2590: 2566:Michael Barbero 2562: 2462: 2311: 2299: 2224: 2102: 2062:Senior generals 1995: 1990: 1821: 1753:Iraqi tanks in 1746: 1651: 1603: 1591:is center-left. 1581: 1575: 1556: 1507: 1379: 1373: 1333:Carmeli Brigade 1328:Carmeli Brigade 1288:, and possibly 1135:Irgun Zvi Leumi 1103:baptism of fire 1072:state of Israel 1047:in the city of 1037: 917:Anglo-Iraqi War 822:Taha al-Hashimi 776: 770: 753:Simele massacre 714:Kingdom of Iraq 707:Mustafa Barzani 519: 495:Iraqi Air Force 479:Iraqi Kurdistan 442:Royal Air Force 394: 310: 283: 268: 257: 178:Anglo-Iraqi War 143: 129: 65: 63: 51: 49: 46: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9282: 9272: 9271: 9266: 9261: 9244: 9243: 9241: 9240: 9230: 9220: 9210: 9199: 9196: 9195: 9192: 9191: 9188: 9187: 9185: 9184: 9183: 9182: 9177: 9167: 9162: 9157: 9152: 9147: 9142: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9101: 9099: 9095: 9094: 9092: 9091: 9090: 9089: 9084: 9079: 9074: 9069: 9059: 9054: 9053: 9052: 9047: 9041: 9036: 9031: 9026: 9021: 9016: 9011: 9006: 8996: 8995: 8994: 8989: 8984: 8979: 8974: 8964: 8958: 8956: 8946: 8945: 8933: 8932: 8929: 8928: 8926: 8925: 8920: 8915: 8910: 8908:Transportation 8905: 8900: 8898:Stock Exchange 8895: 8893:Reconstruction 8890: 8885: 8880: 8875: 8873:Infrastructure 8870: 8862: 8857: 8852: 8847: 8841: 8838: 8837: 8825: 8824: 8821: 8820: 8818: 8817: 8812: 8807: 8802: 8797: 8792: 8787: 8786: 8785: 8780: 8775: 8770: 8769: 8768: 8758: 8753: 8743: 8742: 8741: 8740: 8739: 8732:Prime Minister 8729: 8728: 8727: 8717: 8712: 8702: 8697: 8692: 8687: 8682: 8674: 8669: 8663: 8660: 8659: 8647: 8646: 8643: 8642: 8640: 8639: 8634: 8629: 8624: 8619: 8614: 8609: 8604: 8599: 8594: 8589: 8584: 8579: 8574: 8569: 8564: 8559: 8554: 8549: 8544: 8538: 8535: 8534: 8522: 8521: 8518: 8517: 8514: 8513: 8511: 8510: 8505: 8504: 8503: 8493: 8492: 8491: 8486: 8476: 8471: 8470: 8469: 8464: 8459: 8449: 8444: 8443: 8442: 8440:1991 uprisings 8432: 8427: 8422: 8417: 8412: 8407: 8402: 8397: 8392: 8390:Saddam Hussein 8387: 8376: 8375: 8367: 8362: 8357: 8351: 8349: 8343: 8342: 8340: 8339: 8334: 8333: 8332: 8322: 8320:Mandatory Iraq 8317: 8312: 8309:Mamluk dynasty 8302: 8297: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8277: 8272: 8266: 8264: 8260: 8259: 8257: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8236: 8231: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8201: 8196: 8191: 8186: 8181: 8176: 8174:Gutian dynasty 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8146: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8120: 8118: 8108: 8107: 8095: 8094: 8077: 8076: 8069: 8062: 8054: 8045: 8044: 8041: 8040: 8038: 8037: 8032: 8027: 8022: 8021: 8020: 8015: 8010: 8005: 7995: 7990: 7985: 7980: 7975: 7969: 7964: 7959: 7953: 7951: 7945: 7944: 7942: 7941: 7936: 7933: 7930: 7924: 7922: 7910: 7904: 7903: 7900: 7899: 7897: 7896: 7895: 7890: 7880: 7875: 7870: 7868: 7861: 7860: 7858: 7857: 7852: 7847: 7841: 7838: 7837: 7835: 7834: 7829: 7824: 7819: 7813: 7811: 7809:Nineveh Plains 7802: 7795: 7794: 7792: 7791: 7786: 7781: 7776: 7771: 7766: 7761: 7755: 7753: 7746: 7745: 7743: 7742: 7737: 7732: 7727: 7721: 7719: 7712: 7711: 7709: 7708: 7703: 7698: 7693: 7688: 7683: 7678: 7673: 7667: 7665: 7658: 7657: 7655: 7654: 7653: 7652: 7642: 7637: 7632: 7627: 7622: 7617: 7612: 7607: 7602: 7597: 7592: 7587: 7582: 7577: 7576: 7575: 7570: 7565: 7555: 7550: 7545: 7540: 7535: 7529: 7524: 7518: 7516: 7506: 7499: 7498: 7496: 7495: 7490: 7485: 7482: 7479: 7476: 7473: 7468: 7465: 7460: 7455: 7450: 7444: 7442: 7436: 7435: 7433: 7432: 7427: 7426: 7425: 7422: 7419: 7411: 7406: 7405: 7404: 7399: 7394: 7383: 7381: 7375: 7374: 7344: 7341: 7340: 7337:Iraqi conflict 7329: 7328: 7321: 7314: 7306: 7297: 7296: 7294: 7293: 7292: 7291: 7286: 7275: 7272: 7271: 7269: 7268: 7263: 7254: 7248: 7246: 7240: 7239: 7237: 7236: 7231: 7226: 7221: 7216: 7211: 7205: 7203: 7197: 7196: 7194: 7193: 7192: 7191: 7182: 7180: 7174: 7173: 7171: 7170: 7169: 7168: 7166:Special Forces 7163: 7158: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7133: 7127: 7125: 7119: 7118: 7104: 7103: 7096: 7089: 7081: 7075: 7074: 7069: 7064: 7054: 7045: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7015: 7010: 7006:D. J. Elliot, 7004: 7002:Bloomberg News 6982: 6981:External links 6979: 6978: 6977: 6974: 6971: 6960: 6951: 6941: 6934: 6927: 6920: 6905: 6900: 6897: 6896: 6895: 6873: 6856: 6841: 6832: 6814: 6799: 6790: 6776: 6763: 6742: 6729: 6715: 6702: 6697:978-0813169439 6696: 6683: 6677: 6656: 6619: 6606: 6593: 6580: 6566: 6553: 6535: 6520: 6496: 6487: 6470: 6459: 6449:Washington DC. 6436: 6422: 6409: 6403: 6390: 6360: 6348: 6342: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6317: 6298: 6295:on 2011-06-08. 6276: 6251: 6232: 6202: 6183: 6164: 6135: 6110: 6089: 6064: 6041: 6038:on 2016-08-16. 6023: 6003: 5983: 5971: 5962: 5938: 5914: 5899: 5882:. p. 52. 5864: 5836: 5802: 5790: 5761: 5735: 5704: 5692: 5680: 5658: 5638: 5615: 5599: 5586: 5560: 5537: 5515: 5496: 5493:on 2006-11-12. 5472: 5468:on 2007-09-13. 5453: 5428: 5413: 5404: 5380: 5361: 5330: 5317: 5311:USATODAY.com, 5304: 5292: 5276:Ceerwan Aziz, 5269: 5243: 5224: 5198: 5169: 5139: 5136:on 2006-07-08. 5117: 5097: 5084: 5058: 5032: 5016: 4992:(2005-03-14). 4981: 4969: 4957: 4955:, p. 435. 4942: 4930: 4921: 4909: 4907:, p. 229. 4897: 4885: 4872: 4860: 4858:, p. 205. 4848: 4819: 4808:New York Times 4799: 4790: 4788:, p. 277. 4778: 4776:, p. 168. 4766: 4739: 4709: 4691: 4679: 4675:Cordesman 2003 4667: 4661:, p. 46; 4659:Cordesman 2003 4647: 4635: 4631:Cordesman 2003 4619: 4616:Cordesman 2003 4607: 4605:, p. 153. 4592: 4577: 4565: 4540: 4533: 4511: 4509:, p. 853. 4499: 4478: 4439: 4437:, p. 124. 4422: 4409: 4396: 4394:, p. 208. 4384: 4382:, p. 207. 4372: 4360: 4358:, p. 182. 4348: 4336: 4327: 4325:, p. 167. 4312: 4299: 4285: 4261: 4249: 4237: 4225: 4213: 4198: 4180: 4178:, p. 153. 4163: 4148: 4136: 4134:, p. 151. 4111: 4099: 4097:, p. 448. 4084: 4072: 4053: 4051:, p. 150. 4024: 4009: 4007:, p. 182. 3997: 3982: 3970: 3951: 3949:, p. 116. 3939: 3927: 3925:, p. 149. 3906: 3894: 3877: 3875:, p. 206. 3865: 3863:, p. 148. 3844: 3807: 3775: 3739: 3704: 3690: 3674: 3668:978-1032780047 3667: 3645: 3643: 3640: 3639: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3623: 3617: 3616: 3600: 3597: 3542:ballistic vest 3513: 3510: 3498:Uralvagonzavod 3475:tanks and 400 3439:M90 "Strsljen" 3362:FV103 Spartans 3263:Main article: 3260: 3257: 3232: 3229: 3207: 3204: 3188:staff colleges 3180:quartermasters 3135: 3132: 3127:Main article: 3124: 3121: 2948: 2945: 2927:dismissed the 2865:special forces 2824: 2821: 2789: 2786: 2785: 2784: 2783: 2782: 2781: 2780: 2770: 2755: 2754: 2753: 2747: 2738: 2723: 2722: 2721: 2715: 2705: 2693: 2692: 2691: 2688: 2687:Formed in 2015 2682: 2676: 2656: 2655: 2654: 2644: 2638: 2628: 2622: 2619: 2589: 2586: 2570:Michael Gordon 2561: 2558: 2539:Saddam Hussein 2461: 2458: 2362:David Petraeus 2310: 2307: 2298: 2295: 2294: 2293: 2275: 2270: 2264: 2254: 2244: 2238: 2232:Yom Kippur War 2223: 2220: 2219: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2197: 2187: 2182: 2173: 2167: 2161: 2151: 2145: 2139: 2133: 2101: 2098: 2097: 2096: 2091:Jihad Forces ( 2089: 2086: 2074: 2071: 2049: 2027: 2017: 1994: 1991: 1989: 1986: 1957: 1956: 1931: 1930: 1912: 1894: 1883: 1869: 1820: 1817: 1771:Chobham Armour 1724:thermal sights 1710:, Soviet-made 1650: 1647: 1611:trench warfare 1574: 1571: 1560:Yom Kippur War 1555: 1554:Yom Kippur War 1552: 1544:Saddam Hussein 1515:Panhard AML-60 1506: 1503: 1485:) and Colonel 1483:prime minister 1375:Main article: 1372: 1369: 1190:pontoon bridge 1127:Golani Brigade 1115:Sea of Galilee 1036: 1033: 1025:western policy 981: 980: 977: 974: 967: 960: 871: 870: 863: 856: 845: 819:Prime Minister 772:Main article: 769: 766: 749:tribal revolts 722:United Kingdom 720:, whereby the 664: 663: 656: 649: 607: 606: 596: 589: 579: 531:Mandatory Iraq 518: 515: 503:Musa al-Kadhim 426:Ottoman Empire 410:United Kingdom 393: 390: 374:New York Times 357:Mandatory Iraq 345:United Kingdom 308: 305: 304: 297: 293: 292: 285: 282:Identification 279: 278: 274: 273: 270: 264: 263: 259: 258: 256: 255: 250: 245: 240: 235: 230: 225: 220: 215: 213:Yom Kippur War 210: 205: 200: 195: 190: 185: 180: 175: 174: 173: 162: 160: 156: 155: 150: 146: 145: 138: 134: 133: 127: 123: 122: 117: 113: 112: 107: 103: 102: 99: 95: 94: 92:Ground warfare 89: 85: 84: 79: 75: 74: 61: 57: 56: 43: 39: 38: 34: 33: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9281: 9270: 9267: 9265: 9262: 9260: 9257: 9256: 9254: 9239: 9231: 9229: 9221: 9219: 9215: 9211: 9209: 9201: 9200: 9197: 9181: 9178: 9176: 9173: 9172: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9102: 9100: 9096: 9088: 9085: 9083: 9080: 9078: 9075: 9073: 9070: 9068: 9065: 9064: 9063: 9060: 9058: 9055: 9051: 9048: 9045: 9044:Iraqi Turkmen 9042: 9040: 9037: 9035: 9032: 9030: 9027: 9025: 9022: 9020: 9017: 9015: 9012: 9010: 9007: 9005: 9002: 9001: 9000: 8997: 8993: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8969: 8968: 8965: 8963: 8960: 8959: 8957: 8955: 8951: 8947: 8943: 8938: 8934: 8924: 8921: 8919: 8916: 8914: 8911: 8909: 8906: 8904: 8901: 8899: 8896: 8894: 8891: 8889: 8886: 8884: 8881: 8879: 8876: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8863: 8861: 8858: 8856: 8853: 8851: 8848: 8846: 8843: 8842: 8839: 8835: 8830: 8826: 8816: 8813: 8811: 8808: 8806: 8803: 8801: 8798: 8796: 8793: 8791: 8788: 8784: 8781: 8779: 8776: 8774: 8771: 8767: 8764: 8763: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8748: 8747: 8744: 8738: 8735: 8734: 8733: 8730: 8726: 8723: 8722: 8721: 8718: 8716: 8713: 8711: 8708: 8707: 8706: 8703: 8701: 8698: 8696: 8693: 8691: 8688: 8686: 8683: 8681: 8679:(legislative) 8675: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8664: 8661: 8657: 8652: 8648: 8638: 8635: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8618: 8615: 8613: 8612:Syrian Desert 8610: 8608: 8607:Shatt al-Arab 8605: 8603: 8600: 8598: 8595: 8593: 8590: 8588: 8585: 8583: 8580: 8578: 8575: 8573: 8570: 8568: 8565: 8563: 8560: 8558: 8555: 8553: 8550: 8548: 8545: 8543: 8542:Faw peninsula 8540: 8539: 8536: 8532: 8527: 8523: 8509: 8506: 8502: 8499: 8498: 8497: 8494: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8484:Fall of Mosul 8482: 8481: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8468: 8465: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8457:U.S. invasion 8455: 8454: 8453: 8450: 8448: 8445: 8441: 8438: 8437: 8436: 8433: 8431: 8428: 8426: 8423: 8421: 8420:Iran–Iraq War 8418: 8416: 8413: 8411: 8408: 8406: 8403: 8401: 8398: 8396: 8393: 8391: 8388: 8385: 8381: 8378: 8377: 8374: 8368: 8366: 8363: 8361: 8358: 8356: 8353: 8352: 8350: 8348: 8344: 8338: 8335: 8331: 8328: 8327: 8326: 8323: 8321: 8318: 8316: 8313: 8310: 8306: 8303: 8301: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8285:Buyid dynasty 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8267: 8265: 8261: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8185: 8182: 8180: 8177: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8134:Halaf culture 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8121: 8119: 8117: 8113: 8109: 8105: 8100: 8096: 8091: 8085: 8075: 8070: 8068: 8063: 8061: 8056: 8055: 8052: 8036: 8033: 8031: 8028: 8026: 8023: 8019: 8016: 8014: 8011: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8001: 8000: 7999: 7998:Islamic State 7996: 7994: 7991: 7989: 7986: 7984: 7981: 7979: 7976: 7973: 7970: 7968: 7965: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7955: 7954: 7952: 7950: 7946: 7940: 7937: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7926: 7925: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7914: 7911: 7909: 7905: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7885: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7862: 7856: 7853: 7851: 7848: 7846: 7843: 7842: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7823: 7820: 7818: 7815: 7814: 7812: 7810: 7806: 7803: 7800: 7796: 7790: 7787: 7785: 7782: 7780: 7777: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7767: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7747: 7741: 7738: 7736: 7733: 7731: 7728: 7726: 7723: 7722: 7720: 7717: 7713: 7707: 7704: 7702: 7701:Hamas of Iraq 7699: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7689: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7662:Sunni Islamic 7659: 7651: 7648: 7647: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7621: 7618: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7608: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7591: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7574: 7571: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7560: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7541: 7539: 7536: 7533: 7530: 7528: 7525: 7523: 7520: 7519: 7517: 7514: 7510: 7507: 7504: 7500: 7494: 7491: 7489: 7486: 7483: 7480: 7477: 7474: 7472: 7469: 7466: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7456: 7454: 7451: 7449: 7446: 7445: 7443: 7441: 7437: 7431: 7428: 7423: 7420: 7417: 7416: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7403: 7400: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7390: 7389: 7388: 7385: 7384: 7382: 7380: 7376: 7370: 7363: 7356: 7349: 7342: 7338: 7334: 7327: 7322: 7320: 7315: 7313: 7308: 7307: 7304: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7281: 7280: 7277: 7276: 7273: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7260: 7255: 7253: 7250: 7249: 7247: 7245: 7241: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7222: 7220: 7217: 7215: 7212: 7210: 7207: 7206: 7204: 7202: 7198: 7189: 7188: 7187: 7184: 7183: 7181: 7179: 7175: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7146:Army Aviation 7144: 7142: 7139: 7138: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7128: 7126: 7124: 7120: 7116: 7111: 7102: 7097: 7095: 7090: 7088: 7083: 7082: 7079: 7073: 7070: 7068: 7065: 7062: 7058: 7055: 7053: 7051: 7046: 7044: 7043:0-275-98908-9 7040: 7036: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7016: 7014: 7011: 7009: 7005: 7003: 6999: 6996:(Feb. 2015), 6995: 6991: 6988: 6985: 6984: 6975: 6972: 6969: 6965: 6961: 6959: 6957: 6952: 6949: 6945: 6942: 6939: 6935: 6932: 6928: 6923: 6921:9781612514062 6917: 6913: 6912: 6906: 6903: 6902: 6881: 6880: 6874: 6863: 6859: 6857:9781613738443 6853: 6849: 6848: 6842: 6838: 6833: 6821: 6817: 6811: 6807: 6806: 6800: 6796: 6791: 6787: 6783: 6779: 6777:0-231-06074-2 6773: 6769: 6764: 6761: 6760: 6753: 6749: 6745: 6743:0-8032-3733-2 6739: 6735: 6730: 6726: 6722: 6718: 6716:1-84574-065-3 6712: 6708: 6703: 6699: 6693: 6689: 6684: 6680: 6678:1-84176-991-6 6674: 6670: 6665: 6664: 6657: 6653: 6649: 6645: 6641: 6637: 6633: 6629: 6625: 6620: 6616: 6612: 6607: 6603: 6599: 6596:IISS (1997). 6594: 6590: 6586: 6583:IISS (2022). 6581: 6577: 6573: 6569: 6567:0-8108-4330-7 6563: 6559: 6554: 6542: 6538: 6532: 6528: 6527: 6521: 6518: 6517:public domain 6504: 6503: 6497: 6493: 6488: 6484: 6480: 6476: 6471: 6468:(March 1993). 6467: 6466: 6460: 6450: 6446: 6442: 6437: 6433: 6429: 6425: 6423:0-06-011112-7 6419: 6415: 6410: 6406: 6400: 6396: 6391: 6380:on 2004-07-01 6376: 6372: 6365: 6361: 6357: 6353: 6349: 6345: 6339: 6334: 6333: 6326: 6325: 6314: 6310: 6307: 6302: 6294: 6290: 6286: 6280: 6265: 6261: 6255: 6248: 6244: 6241: 6236: 6221: 6217: 6213: 6206: 6199: 6195: 6192: 6187: 6180: 6176: 6173: 6168: 6153: 6149: 6145: 6139: 6124: 6120: 6114: 6099: 6093: 6078: 6074: 6068: 6061: 6057: 6054: 6048: 6046: 6037: 6033: 6027: 6020: 6016: 6013: 6007: 6000: 5996: 5993: 5987: 5980: 5975: 5966: 5955: 5948: 5942: 5928: 5924: 5918: 5910: 5903: 5885: 5881: 5874: 5868: 5857: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5822: 5815: 5814: 5806: 5800:, p. 18. 5799: 5794: 5779: 5775: 5771: 5765: 5750: 5746: 5739: 5723: 5719: 5715: 5708: 5701: 5696: 5689: 5684: 5668: 5662: 5655: 5651: 5648: 5642: 5636: 5632: 5628: 5625: 5619: 5612: 5606: 5604: 5596: 5590: 5574: 5570: 5564: 5548: 5541: 5525: 5519: 5512: 5508: 5505: 5500: 5489: 5482: 5476: 5467: 5463: 5457: 5442: 5438: 5432: 5426:, p. 21. 5425: 5420: 5418: 5408: 5397: 5390: 5384: 5377: 5373: 5370: 5365: 5347: 5340: 5334: 5327: 5321: 5314: 5308: 5301: 5296: 5289: 5286: 5282: 5279: 5273: 5257: 5253: 5247: 5241: 5237: 5234: 5228: 5212: 5208: 5202: 5187: 5183: 5179: 5173: 5157: 5153: 5149: 5143: 5135: 5131: 5127: 5121: 5114: 5110: 5107: 5101: 5094: 5088: 5072: 5068: 5062: 5046: 5042: 5036: 5029: 5025: 5020: 5002: 4995: 4991: 4985: 4978: 4973: 4966: 4961: 4954: 4949: 4947: 4939: 4934: 4925: 4918: 4913: 4906: 4901: 4894: 4889: 4882: 4876: 4869: 4868:Malovany 2017 4864: 4857: 4852: 4837: 4833: 4829: 4823: 4816: 4813: 4809: 4803: 4794: 4787: 4786:Malovany 2017 4782: 4775: 4774:Malovany 2017 4770: 4754: 4750: 4743: 4728: 4724: 4720: 4713: 4707: 4703: 4700: 4695: 4688: 4687:Malovany 2017 4683: 4676: 4671: 4664: 4660: 4656: 4655:Malovany 2017 4651: 4644: 4639: 4633:, p. 46. 4632: 4628: 4627:Malovany 2017 4623: 4617: 4611: 4604: 4599: 4597: 4589: 4584: 4582: 4574: 4569: 4554: 4550: 4544: 4536: 4534:0-16-041950-6 4530: 4526: 4522: 4515: 4508: 4503: 4496: 4495:1-55750-255-2 4492: 4488: 4482: 4474: 4470: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4443: 4436: 4431: 4429: 4427: 4419: 4413: 4406: 4400: 4393: 4388: 4381: 4376: 4369: 4364: 4357: 4352: 4345: 4340: 4331: 4324: 4319: 4317: 4309: 4303: 4296: 4295: 4289: 4282: 4278: 4274: 4271: 4265: 4259:, p. 64. 4258: 4253: 4247:, p. 63. 4246: 4241: 4235:, p. 43. 4234: 4233:Malovany 2017 4229: 4222: 4221:Malovany 2017 4217: 4209: 4205: 4201: 4195: 4191: 4184: 4177: 4172: 4170: 4168: 4159: 4152: 4146:, p. 51. 4145: 4140: 4133: 4128: 4126: 4124: 4122: 4120: 4118: 4116: 4108: 4103: 4096: 4091: 4089: 4082:, p. 18. 4081: 4076: 4068: 4064: 4057: 4050: 4045: 4043: 4041: 4039: 4037: 4035: 4033: 4031: 4029: 4022:, p. 26. 4021: 4016: 4014: 4006: 4001: 3995:, p. 21. 3994: 3989: 3987: 3979: 3974: 3967: 3962: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3948: 3943: 3936: 3931: 3924: 3919: 3917: 3915: 3913: 3911: 3903: 3898: 3892:, p. 25. 3891: 3886: 3884: 3882: 3874: 3869: 3862: 3857: 3855: 3853: 3851: 3849: 3832: 3828: 3827: 3822: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3795: 3791: 3790: 3785: 3779: 3760: 3756: 3749: 3743: 3725: 3721: 3714: 3708: 3700: 3694: 3687: 3683: 3678: 3670: 3664: 3660: 3656: 3650: 3646: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3622: 3619: 3618: 3614: 3603: 3596: 3594: 3589: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3559: 3556:, the Soviet 3555: 3551: 3547: 3543: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3523: 3519: 3509: 3507: 3503: 3499: 3494: 3492: 3487: 3485: 3480: 3478: 3474: 3469: 3467: 3463: 3458: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3406: 3402: 3397: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3372:and UAE. 600 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3350: 3348: 3344: 3340: 3333: 3328: 3324: 3322: 3318: 3313: 3309: 3306:In May 2005, 3304: 3302: 3296: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3277: 3272: 3266: 3256: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3228: 3224: 3217: 3212: 3203: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3181: 3177: 3173: 3169: 3164: 3161: 3160:ar Rustamiyah 3157: 3152: 3145: 3140: 3130: 3123:Rank insignia 3120: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3105: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3074: 3069: 3066: 3062: 3057: 3056:19th Division 3052: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3033:Fall of Mosul 3029: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3010: 3006: 3004: 2999: 2997: 2992: 2989: 2984: 2981: 2976: 2974: 2970: 2966: 2965:Iran–Iraq War 2962: 2953: 2944: 2940: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2926: 2921: 2919: 2915: 2914:Mick Bednarek 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902:, located in 2901: 2896: 2894: 2890: 2889:12th division 2886: 2882: 2878: 2871:, March 2020. 2870: 2869:M4A1 carbines 2866: 2861: 2857: 2854: 2853:Islamic State 2848: 2846: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2829:Islamic State 2820: 2818: 2813: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2797: 2795: 2778: 2774: 2771: 2768: 2765: 2764: 2763: 2759: 2756: 2751: 2750:14th Division 2748: 2746: 2742: 2741:10th Division 2739: 2737: 2733: 2730: 2729: 2727: 2724: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2709: 2706: 2703: 2700: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2689: 2686: 2685:15th Division 2683: 2680: 2677: 2674: 2673:Fall of Mosul 2670: 2667: 2666: 2664: 2660: 2657: 2652: 2648: 2645: 2642: 2639: 2636: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2616: 2615: 2611: 2608: 2607: 2606: 2602: 2601: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2571: 2567: 2557: 2555: 2551: 2546: 2542: 2540: 2534: 2532: 2527: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2508: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2485: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2466: 2457: 2454: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2434: 2431: 2427: 2422: 2419: 2411: 2410:82nd Airborne 2407: 2402: 2398: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2378: 2374: 2369: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2355: 2350: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2327: 2325: 2315: 2306: 2304: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2276: 2274: 2271: 2268: 2265: 2262: 2258: 2255: 2252: 2248: 2245: 2242: 2239: 2237: 2236:Iran–Iraq War 2233: 2229: 2226: 2225: 2216: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2198: 2195: 2191: 2190:15th Division 2188: 2186: 2185:14th Division 2183: 2181: 2177: 2176:11th Division 2174: 2171: 2168: 2165: 2162: 2159: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2140: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2117: 2113: 2108: 2104: 2103: 2094: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2080: 2075: 2072: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2054: 2050: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2028: 2025: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2012: 2011: 2008: 2004: 1999: 1985: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1954: 1949: 1945: 1944: 1940: 1935: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1913: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1884: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1870: 1867: 1863: 1860: 1859: 1858: 1856: 1851: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1816: 1814: 1809: 1807: 1803: 1798: 1794: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1775:urban warfare 1772: 1768: 1760: 1756: 1751: 1747: 1744: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1699: 1697: 1693: 1688: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1667: 1663: 1660: 1659:EE-9 Cascavel 1655: 1646: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1601: 1598: 1597:Iran–Iraq War 1590: 1585: 1580: 1573:Iran–Iraq war 1570: 1567: 1565: 1561: 1551: 1547: 1545: 1540: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1524: 1516: 1511: 1502: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1473: 1468: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1444: 1442: 1437: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1418: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1383: 1378: 1368: 1366: 1362: 1361:RAF Habbaniya 1357: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1341: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1320: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1305: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1269: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1249:Mediterranean 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1225: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1206:infantry-tank 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1170: 1166: 1164: 1159: 1155: 1154:Katamon Ridge 1151: 1146: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1131: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1099: 1097: 1093: 1088: 1086: 1082: 1077: 1073: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1050: 1046: 1041: 1032: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1005: 1001: 996: 994: 990: 986: 978: 975: 972: 968: 965: 961: 958: 954: 953: 952: 949: 947: 943: 939: 935: 934:3rd Divisions 931: 926: 922: 921:RAF Habbaniya 918: 913: 911: 907: 906:RAF Habbaniya 902: 900: 896: 892: 889: 885: 881: 876: 868: 867:Mahmud Salman 864: 861: 857: 854: 850: 846: 843: 839: 835: 834: 833: 830: 828: 823: 820: 816: 814: 810:" launched a 809: 808:Golden Square 805: 801: 793: 789: 785: 780: 775: 765: 762: 758: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 733: 732: 726: 723: 719: 715: 712:In 1932, the 710: 708: 704: 700: 696: 695:Ahmed Barzani 690: 688: 684: 683: 673: 668: 661: 657: 654: 650: 647: 643: 639: 638: 637: 635: 631: 627: 623: 618: 616: 612: 604: 601: 597: 594: 590: 587: 584: 580: 577: 574: 570: 569: 568: 565: 563: 557: 555: 551: 548: 544: 540: 536: 535:King of Syria 532: 528: 524: 514: 512: 508: 504: 499: 496: 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 470: 465: 461: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 419: 415: 412:during their 411: 403: 398: 389: 387: 383: 378: 376: 375: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 341: 339: 336:up until the 335: 331: 327: 323: 319: 315: 309:Military unit 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 280: 275: 271: 265: 260: 254: 251: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 231: 229: 226: 224: 223:Iran–Iraq War 221: 219: 216: 214: 211: 209: 206: 204: 201: 199: 196: 194: 191: 189: 186: 184: 181: 179: 176: 172: 169: 168: 167: 164: 163: 161: 157: 154: 151: 147: 142: 139: 137:Anniversaries 135: 128: 124: 121: 118: 114: 111: 108: 104: 100: 96: 93: 90: 86: 83: 80: 76: 73: 62: 58: 44: 40: 35: 30: 27: 19: 9072:Christianity 8954:Demographics 8888:Oil reserves 8883:Oil Industry 8850:Central Bank 8746:Human rights 8672:Constitution 8617:Tigris river 8597:Persian Gulf 8305:Ottoman Iraq 8290:Qara Qoyunlu 8124:Ubaid period 7832:Dwekh Nawsha 7774:92nd Brigade 7769:52nd Brigade 7620:Mukhtar Army 7513:Shia Islamic 7471:Popular Army 7414:Iraqi Police 7333:Armed groups 7256: 7244:Intelligence 7219:Iraqi Police 7178:Paramilitary 7060: 7049: 7034: 6967: 6963: 6955: 6947: 6937: 6930: 6910: 6887:. Retrieved 6878: 6866:. Retrieved 6846: 6836: 6824:. Retrieved 6804: 6797:. Routledge. 6794: 6767: 6757: 6733: 6706: 6687: 6662: 6630:(2): 58–79. 6627: 6623: 6610: 6597: 6584: 6557: 6545:. Retrieved 6525: 6501: 6491: 6474: 6463: 6444: 6413: 6394: 6382:. Retrieved 6375:the original 6370: 6331: 6301: 6293:the original 6288: 6279: 6268:. Retrieved 6254: 6235: 6224:. Retrieved 6205: 6186: 6167: 6156:. Retrieved 6147: 6138: 6127:. Retrieved 6113: 6101:. Retrieved 6092: 6081:. Retrieved 6067: 6036:the original 6026: 6006: 5986: 5974: 5965: 5941: 5930:. Retrieved 5926: 5917: 5902: 5891:. Retrieved 5879: 5867: 5856:the original 5839: 5828:. Retrieved 5812: 5805: 5798:Knights 2015 5793: 5782:. Retrieved 5773: 5764: 5753:. Retrieved 5738: 5726:. Retrieved 5717: 5707: 5702:, p. 7. 5700:Knights 2015 5695: 5683: 5671:. Retrieved 5661: 5641: 5618: 5610: 5594: 5589: 5577:. Retrieved 5573:the original 5563: 5551:. Retrieved 5540: 5528:. Retrieved 5518: 5499: 5488:the original 5475: 5466:the original 5456: 5445:. Retrieved 5443:. 2014-07-01 5440: 5431: 5407: 5383: 5364: 5353:. Retrieved 5333: 5320: 5307: 5295: 5287: 5272: 5260:. Retrieved 5246: 5227: 5215:. Retrieved 5201: 5190:. Retrieved 5181: 5172: 5160:. Retrieved 5156:the original 5152:Iraq Updates 5151: 5142: 5134:the original 5120: 5100: 5087: 5075:. Retrieved 5061: 5049:. Retrieved 5035: 5019: 5008:. Retrieved 5001:the original 4984: 4972: 4960: 4933: 4924: 4912: 4905:Spearin 2008 4900: 4888: 4880: 4875: 4863: 4856:Pollack 2002 4851: 4840:. Retrieved 4831: 4822: 4811: 4802: 4793: 4781: 4769: 4757:. Retrieved 4753:the original 4747:Rohr, Karl. 4742: 4731:. Retrieved 4722: 4712: 4694: 4682: 4670: 4650: 4638: 4622: 4610: 4568: 4557:. Retrieved 4543: 4520: 4514: 4502: 4481: 4456: 4452: 4442: 4412: 4404: 4399: 4392:Pollack 2002 4387: 4380:Pollack 2002 4375: 4363: 4356:Pollack 2002 4351: 4344:Pollack 2002 4339: 4330: 4323:Pollack 2002 4307: 4302: 4292: 4288: 4280: 4264: 4252: 4240: 4228: 4216: 4189: 4183: 4176:Pollack 2002 4157: 4151: 4139: 4132:Pollack 2002 4107:Pollack 2002 4102: 4095:Pollack 2002 4075: 4062: 4056: 4049:Pollack 2002 4000: 3973: 3942: 3930: 3923:Pollack 2002 3897: 3868: 3861:Pollack 2002 3835:. Retrieved 3824: 3798:. Retrieved 3787: 3778: 3766:. Retrieved 3742: 3731:. Retrieved 3719: 3707: 3693: 3677: 3658: 3649: 3590: 3550:Zastava M-70 3515: 3495: 3488: 3481: 3470: 3459: 3409: 3398: 3386:Otokar Akrep 3377: 3351: 3336: 3305: 3297: 3293:1st Division 3282: 3234: 3225: 3221: 3165: 3153: 3149: 3106: 3070: 3053: 3030: 3011: 3007: 3000: 2990: 2985: 2977: 2958: 2941: 2922: 2911: 2908: 2897: 2893:5th Division 2885:4th division 2874: 2849: 2826: 2814: 2798: 2791: 2669:2nd Division 2598: 2591: 2583: 2578: 2575: 2563: 2554:Ba'ath Party 2547: 2543: 2535: 2528: 2509: 2486: 2471: 2455: 2442:Camp Victory 2435: 2423: 2415: 2370: 2351: 2328: 2320: 2300: 2170:8th Division 2164:7th Division 2154:5th Division 2148:4th Division 2142:3rd Division 2136:2nd Division 2122:1st Division 1958: 1941:tanks, 2003. 1890:An Nasiriyah 1852: 1822: 1810: 1799: 1795: 1764: 1745: 1740:Challenger 1 1732:sabot rounds 1700: 1671: 1666:Saudi Arabia 1619:no-mans land 1602: 1594: 1568: 1557: 1548: 1541: 1528:Jordan River 1520: 1472:Ba'ath Party 1469: 1445: 1438: 1426:Abd an-Nāsir 1419: 1415:Soviet Union 1411:Baghdad Pact 1388: 1358: 1342: 1325: 1321: 1306: 1270: 1226: 1194:Jordan River 1175: 1147: 1132: 1111:Huleh Valley 1100: 1089: 1054: 1029:Soviet Union 1017:Nuri al-Said 997: 982: 950: 946:Al Diwaniyah 938:2nd Division 914: 903: 895:Fritz Grobba 883: 880:Nazi Germany 874: 872: 849:Kamal Shahib 831: 812: 800:World War II 797: 784:Iraqi Levies 737:Nuri as-Said 729: 727: 711: 691: 687:Iraqi nation 680: 677: 674:, June 1932. 619: 608: 566: 558: 520: 500: 468: 462: 407: 388:operations. 384:during anti- 379: 372: 352: 342: 333: 321: 313: 311: 106:Part of 26: 9228:WikiProject 9029:Marsh Arabs 9014:Circassians 8695:Foreign aid 8587:Mesopotamia 8149:Uruk period 8035:White Flags 7917:Nationalist 6962:Tzvi Ofer, 5747:. Reuters. 5645:PRWeb.com, 5553:January 29, 5549:. McClatchy 4759:29 December 4416:Brassey's, 3837:22 February 3613:Iraq portal 3586:M4 carbines 3584:rifles and 3566:Zastava M72 3473:M1A1 Abrams 3462:M1A1 Abrams 3427:Zastava M84 3423:Zastava M21 3421:hand guns, 3347:Switzerland 3154:Members of 2614:Abud Qanbar 1981:Paul Bremer 1959:During the 1779:Kuwait City 1767:penetrators 1755:Kuwait City 1662:armored car 1657:Iraqi Army 1643:Iraqi Kurds 1641:as well as 1631:mustard gas 1615:barbed wire 1607:World War I 1530:the entire 1513:Iraqi Army 1505:Six-Day War 1499:Six-Day War 1395:coup d'état 1365:Iraq Levies 1294:Alexandroni 1192:across the 1178:Transjordan 1069:independent 1061:Arab states 959:tankettes); 925:air strikes 813:coup d'état 731:coup d'état 703:open revolt 630:Iraq Levies 562:Iraq Levies 448:controlled 434:Iraq Levies 422:World War I 347:during the 203:Six-Day War 159:Engagements 144:(January 6) 116:Garrison/HQ 9253:Categories 9145:Television 9125:Literature 9087:Irreligion 9062:Secularism 8999:Minorities 8867:(currency) 8860:Corruption 8705:Government 8496:Insurgency 8295:Aq Qoyunlu 8116:Chronology 7908:Insurgents 7527:Mahdi Army 7505:and others 7475:New Return 7440:Ba'athists 7402:Iraqi Navy 7392:Iraqi Army 7284:Biological 6966:, transl. 6868:2017-09-01 6600:. London: 6587:. London: 6483:1086799768 6454:2023-01-04 6452:Retrieved 6322:References 6270:2018-03-10 6226:2008-10-07 6158:2012-09-25 6129:2012-09-25 6103:11 October 6083:2007-09-07 5979:Witty 2015 5932:2023-01-04 5893:2007-09-07 5830:2017-10-14 5784:2017-10-12 5755:2017-10-12 5728:12 October 5579:11 October 5530:11 October 5447:2017-10-12 5355:2008-04-05 5262:11 October 5217:11 October 5192:2018-01-03 5077:11 October 5051:11 October 5026:, p. 5010:2008-10-07 4990:Kalev Sepp 4883:2019, 162. 4842:2018-05-27 4733:2010-05-04 4559:2009-06-20 4257:Levey 2004 4245:Levey 2004 4144:Dupuy 1978 4080:Dupuy 1978 4065:. London: 4020:Lyman 2005 3993:Lyman 2005 3978:Finer 1962 3947:Simon 1986 3935:Simon 1986 3890:Lyman 2005 3733:2007-09-07 3701:. Defaiya. 3684:, p. 3631:Iraqi Navy 3360:, and 100 3358:APC Talhas 3269:See also: 3253:West Point 3031:After the 2651:Mahmadiyah 2501:Mahdi Army 2493:Green Zone 2335:Paul Eaton 1925:, and the 1893:Nasiriyah. 1844:mechanized 1692:conscripts 1577:See also: 1475:took power 993:Lewis guns 860:Fahmi Said 745:Bakr Sidqi 598:One field 595:regiments, 576:battalions 322:Iraqi Army 262:Commanders 18:Iraqi Army 9165:Squatting 9130:Education 9077:Mandaeism 9046:/Turkoman 9024:Mandaeans 9009:Assyrians 9004:Armenians 8967:Languages 8855:Companies 8810:Judiciary 8720:President 8690:Elections 8685:Democracy 8531:Geography 8447:Sanctions 8365:2003–2011 8360:1968–2003 8355:1958–1968 8214:Babylonia 7972:Abu Theeb 7764:16Brigade 7725:Peshmerga 7625:Hezbollah 7532:Abu Deraa 7156:Air Force 6725:276341649 6652:144247141 5673:18 August 5288:USA Today 5254:. MNF-I. 5162:3 January 4588:IISS 1997 4507:Fisk 2005 4465:0028-1484 4294:The Times 4208:647395884 3431:M79 "Osa" 3378:Ain Jaria 3332:KrAZ-6322 3259:Equipment 3216:Camp Taji 3176:engineers 2978:The U.S. 2947:Structure 2823:2014–2016 2817:agreement 2745:Nasiriyah 2736:Diwaniyah 2728:– Basrah 2710:(Iron) – 2489:Sadr City 2406:commandos 2088:7th Corps 2073:5th Corps 2068:, 1960's. 2046:Al Amarah 2034:Nasariyah 2030:3rd Corps 2020:2nd Corps 2014:1st Corps 2001:Modified 1897:4th Corps 1886:3rd Corps 1872:2nd Corps 1862:1st Corps 1840:divisions 1736:M1 Abrams 1639:civilians 1629:(such as 1532:West Bank 1491:president 1277:Jerusalem 1241:West Bank 1186:engineers 1158:Jerusalem 1156:south of 923:launched 884:golpistas 788:Liverpool 768:1941 coup 648:majority; 600:artillery 586:regiments 523:Hashemite 507:Kadhimyah 269:commander 149:Equipment 9208:Category 9057:Religion 9034:Persians 8918:Railways 8913:Airlines 8795:Military 8656:Politics 8632:Wildlife 8622:Umm Qasr 8452:Iraq War 8435:Gulf War 8347:Republic 8300:Safavids 8263:638–1958 7974:'s group 7867:militias 7801:militias 7752:militias 7718:militias 7664:militias 7515:militias 7503:Militias 7289:Chemical 7123:Military 6998:Eli Lake 6990:Archived 6862:Archived 6820:Archived 6786:12949947 6752:49225708 6576:52301709 6541:Archived 6397:. CSIS. 6309:Archived 6264:Archived 6243:Archived 6220:Archived 6194:Archived 6175:Archived 6152:Archived 6123:Archived 6077:Archived 6056:Archived 6015:Archived 5995:Archived 5954:Archived 5884:Archived 5821:Archived 5778:Archived 5749:Archived 5722:Archived 5650:Archived 5627:Archived 5507:Archived 5396:Archived 5372:Archived 5346:Archived 5281:Archived 5256:Archived 5236:Archived 5211:Archived 5186:Archived 5109:Archived 5071:Archived 5045:Archived 4836:Archived 4727:Archived 4702:Archived 4553:Archived 4473:44637661 4273:Archived 3831:Archived 3794:Archived 3759:Archived 3724:Archived 3599:See also 3546:Cold War 3455:Belgrade 3453:visited 3443:Lasta 95 3403:and 400 3374:AMZ Dzik 3370:Pakistan 3231:Officers 3198:and the 3134:Training 2777:Al Anbar 2541:regime. 2382:Fallujah 2343:Qaraqosh 2297:Brigades 2130:Iraq War 2112:Gulf War 2095:of 1991) 2024:Gulf War 1971:and the 1837:infantry 1829:Iraq War 1734:used by 1708:Type 69s 1704:Type 59s 1441:Army Day 1281:Tel Aviv 1222:ambushed 1188:built a 1113:and the 875:de facto 865:Colonel 858:Colonel 847:Colonel 836:Colonel 682:vilayets 593:mountain 573:infantry 527:Faisal I 491:Rawanduz 471:of Mosul 353:de facto 277:Insignia 243:Iraq War 238:Gulf War 141:Army Day 9238:Commons 9155:Smoking 9120:Culture 9115:Cuisine 9098:General 9082:Yazidis 9039:Solluba 8992:Persian 8982:Kurdish 8977:Aramaic 8942:Society 8923:Tourism 8834:Economy 8582:Islands 8557:Borders 8382: ( 8372:present 8307:(incl. 8219:Assyria 8164:Subartu 8104:History 7920:Salafis 7750:Turkmen 7716:Kurdish 7463:Al-Awda 7335:in the 7261:(2004)) 6826:10 July 6644:4289899 6547:16 June 6432:4004996 6384:July 1, 3800:24 June 3500:for 73 3477:Stryker 3466:Stryker 3308:Hungary 2837:conquer 2605:Baghdad 2428:to the 2390:Kurdish 2284:during 1899:, near 1888:, near 1874:, near 1864:, near 1434:Barzānī 1401:. King 1317:Netanya 1313:Shechem 1298:Carmeli 1237:Tulkarm 1163:Samaria 1150:Palmach 1123:Haganah 1051:, 1948. 1013:hanging 1009:Baghdad 989:Vickers 699:Kurdish 653:Baghdad 611:Persian 603:battery 583:cavalry 537:by the 511:Baghdad 469:vilayet 440:of the 414:mandate 392:History 267:Current 120:Baghdad 60:Country 50: ( 42:Founded 9218:Portal 9160:Sports 9135:Health 9110:Cinema 8962:Iraqis 8865:Dinar 8800:Police 8602:Places 8092:topics 7865:Yazidi 7041: 6968:Hatzav 6918: 6889:5 June 6854: 6812: 6784: 6774: 6750: 6740: 6723: 6713: 6694: 6675: 6650: 6642: 6574: 6564: 6533: 6481: 6430: 6420: 6401: 6340: 6216:Jane's 6062:, 2005 5656:, 2006 5613:, p.41 5315:, 2004 5115:, 2005 4531: 4493: 4471: 4463: 4206: 4196: 3768:3 July 3665: 3564:, the 3530:MARPAT 3445:basic 3437:, and 3435:Bumbar 3411:Serbia 3382:Poland 3366:Jordan 3343:M113A1 3182:, and 3172:medics 3049:Ramadi 2883:, the 2863:Iraqi 2762:Ramadi 2404:Iraqi 1901:Amarah 1876:Diyala 1866:Kirkuk 1714:& 1635:troops 1464:Kuwait 1458:, and 1448:Kuwait 1309:Zarqaa 1302:Golani 1290:Nablus 1273:Latrun 1265:Israel 1229:Nablus 1198:Gesher 1002:, and 942:Kirkuk 882:. The 827:regent 782:Three 626:tribes 581:Three 539:French 483:Kirkuk 464:Ankara 446:London 420:after 326:Arabic 318:Arabic 284:symbol 130: 126:Colors 69: 9150:Music 9140:Media 9067:Islam 9019:Kurds 8845:Banks 8783:Women 8577:Lakes 8370:2011– 8330:Kings 8159:Sumer 6883:(PDF) 6648:S2CID 6640:JSTOR 6506:(PDF) 6378:(PDF) 6367:(PDF) 5957:(PDF) 5950:(PDF) 5887:(PDF) 5876:(PDF) 5859:(PDF) 5852:(PDF) 5824:(PDF) 5817:(PDF) 5491:(PDF) 5484:(PDF) 5399:(PDF) 5392:(PDF) 5349:(PDF) 5342:(PDF) 5004:(PDF) 4997:(PDF) 4469:JSTOR 3762:(PDF) 3751:(PDF) 3727:(PDF) 3716:(PDF) 3642:Notes 3582:M16A4 3578:M16A2 3538:PASGT 3484:BTR-4 3419:CZ-99 3405:M1151 3401:M1114 3394:BMP-1 3356:, 44 3354:M113s 3312:T-72s 3111:is a 2881:Mosul 2845:Mosul 2734:– HQ 2649:– HQ 2516:AK-47 2394:Sunni 2066:Mosul 1993:Corps 1953:Anbar 1919:Mosul 1833:corps 1720:T-72s 1716:T-62s 1712:T-55s 1430:Mosul 1422:Qāsim 1420:When 1286:Jenin 1245:Haifa 1233:Jenin 1218:scout 1119:Zefat 1107:Zefat 1096:Syria 1049:Jenin 1004:Italy 957:L3/35 910:Basra 757:Staff 642:Sunni 622:Kurds 547:Sunni 525:King 438:bases 416:over 402:AK-47 9050:Jews 8773:LGBT 8737:List 8725:List 8090:Iraq 7151:Navy 7141:Army 7039:ISBN 7019:2005 6916:ISBN 6891:2016 6852:ISBN 6828:2016 6810:ISBN 6782:OCLC 6772:ISBN 6748:OCLC 6738:ISBN 6721:OCLC 6711:ISBN 6692:ISBN 6673:ISBN 6572:OCLC 6562:ISBN 6549:2015 6531:ISBN 6479:OCLC 6428:OCLC 6418:ISBN 6399:ISBN 6386:2004 6338:ISBN 6105:2014 5730:2017 5675:2010 5581:2014 5555:2020 5532:2014 5264:2014 5219:2014 5164:2018 5079:2014 5053:2014 4761:2008 4573:IISS 4529:ISBN 4491:ISBN 4461:ISSN 4418:IISS 4204:OCLC 4194:ISBN 3839:2017 3802:2013 3770:2013 3663:ISBN 3580:and 3568:and 3522:DBDU 3415:Iraq 3399:713 3376:-3 ( 3352:173 3321:Taji 3289:T-55 3243:and 3237:Taji 3190:and 3166:The 3107:The 3037:ISIS 2588:2012 2560:2011 2522:and 2520:M-16 2460:2008 2386:Shia 2329:The 2128:and 2003:T-55 1939:T-72 1855:Iraq 1842:, 3 1800:The 1789:and 1787:USAF 1706:and 1637:and 1452:land 1389:The 1300:and 1079:the 1055:The 985:Bren 932:and 646:Shia 591:Two 571:Six 550:Arab 501:The 489:and 450:Iraq 418:Iraq 386:ISIL 312:The 296:Flag 98:Size 88:Role 82:Army 78:Type 72:Iraq 52:1921 45:1921 9105:Art 8790:Law 6632:doi 5028:212 3686:206 3570:PKM 3558:AKM 3534:KA7 3526:BDU 3035:to 2524:M-4 2114:in 1927:4th 1791:RAF 1726:or 1460:air 1456:sea 1261:ALA 930:1st 735:as 351:of 132:Red 9255:: 7059:, 7000:, 6946:, 6860:. 6818:. 6780:. 6746:. 6719:. 6671:. 6669:96 6646:. 6638:. 6628:40 6626:. 6570:. 6539:. 6447:. 6443:. 6426:. 6369:. 6287:. 6262:. 6218:. 6214:. 6150:. 6146:. 6121:. 6075:. 6044:^ 5925:. 5878:. 5846:, 5776:. 5772:. 5720:. 5716:. 5633:- 5602:^ 5439:. 5416:^ 5344:. 5184:. 5180:. 5150:. 5128:. 4945:^ 4834:. 4830:. 4725:. 4721:. 4595:^ 4580:^ 4551:. 4527:. 4523:. 4467:. 4457:48 4455:. 4451:. 4425:^ 4315:^ 4279:, 4202:. 4166:^ 4114:^ 4087:^ 4027:^ 4012:^ 3985:^ 3954:^ 3909:^ 3880:^ 3847:^ 3823:. 3810:^ 3786:. 3753:. 3718:. 3588:. 3508:. 3433:, 3368:, 3295:. 3202:. 3178:, 3174:, 3119:. 2847:. 2760:– 2743:– 2665:. 2368:. 2305:. 2234:, 1907:, 1738:, 1698:. 1645:. 1621:, 1454:, 1417:. 1367:. 1304:. 1296:, 1214:AT 1165:. 1087:. 1031:. 995:. 966:); 901:. 817:. 802:, 792:UK 790:, 689:. 8386:) 8311:) 8073:e 8066:t 8059:v 7325:e 7318:t 7311:v 7257:( 7100:e 7093:t 7086:v 6924:. 6893:. 6871:. 6830:. 6788:. 6754:. 6727:. 6700:. 6681:. 6654:. 6634:: 6617:. 6604:. 6578:. 6551:. 6519:. 6485:. 6457:. 6434:. 6407:. 6388:. 6358:. 6346:. 6273:. 6229:. 6161:. 6132:. 6107:. 6086:. 5981:. 5935:. 5911:. 5896:. 5833:. 5787:. 5758:. 5732:. 5690:. 5677:. 5583:. 5557:. 5534:. 5450:. 5358:. 5328:. 5266:. 5221:. 5195:. 5166:. 5081:. 5055:. 5030:. 5013:. 4979:. 4895:. 4845:. 4763:. 4736:. 4590:. 4562:. 4537:. 4475:. 4210:. 3968:. 3841:. 3804:. 3772:. 3736:. 3671:. 2412:. 2288:/ 2196:) 2160:. 2118:. 1489:( 1481:( 1279:- 1235:– 1231:– 973:; 855:; 844:; 662:. 605:. 588:, 578:, 324:( 316:( 54:) 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

Iraqi Ground Forces

Index