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arrived at Al-Khoder, where he was able to occupy it after he encountered resistance from the rebels. While moving towards the city of
Samawah, the British forces burned down the villages on both sides of the Euphrates River near the town of Al-Khoder. On the 12th of the same month, the British forces arrived near Samawah and approached the city on the next day, where they faced strong resistance from the rebels stationed around the city. After a fierce battle, the rebels withdrew from their fortified positions. On the 14th day, when the British troops entered the city facing no resistance, they broke the siege of the British forces, which were confined to the coast of Hassija near the city. On the 12th of November, a battle took place between the British forces and the rebels of Bani Hajim clans at Sawir Bridge, also known as the Imam Abdullah Bridge, located 6 km north of the city of Samawah, in which 50 people were killed and more wounded. The number of British deaths was between 40 and 50. Due to this battle, General Kongham summoned a person named Mr Mohamed to negotiate with the Bani Hejim tribes. After negotiations between the two sides, an agreement on the conditions of withdrawal was finally signed in the city of Samawah between the parties on 20 November with the Bani Hajim and Fakhoudha tribes. Al-Rumaitha town was handed over after signing this agreement between the two parties. It should also be noted that the British did not arrest any of the elders of Bani Hajim.
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Ottoman flag. The rebels appointed
Khurshid Bek as the ruler of the city. The clans of Qazarbat also attacked the British, occupied the town and looted its building of the governmental Sarai. On the morning of 16 August, the Khanaqin revolutionists, led by Karim Khurshid Bek, attacked the Bawa Mahmoud camp, where the British army was holed up after the arrival of the reinforcements. A battle ensued between the two teams, ending with the defeat of the rebels, leaving 15 dead. On 19 August, a British force led by Colonel Kaskel arrived in the vicinity of Khanaqin without any resistance. The latter, along with his forces, punished the villages that joined the revolution. The next day, the colonel succeeded in conquering Khanaqin. On the evening of 24 August, the siege was lifted from the garrison of Qargan, where British soldiers were holed up, and the governor of Qarlzabat Ahmed Dara had taken refuge there. On 27 August, the British forces took control of the town of Qazelerbat.
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withdrew from the village of Al-Khoder and the rebels tightened the siege on them day after day. On 26 August, three warships and two regular ships moved from
Nasiriyah to rescue the forces in Samawah. After fierce battles between the rebels and the ships, two warships and a regular ship reached the Samawah guards after the withdrawal of one of the warships on 27 August and returned to Nasiriyah. The rebels managed to seize one of the regular ships. The station fell into the hands of the rebels after fierce battles between them and the British forces when the British forces tried to get out of the station camp by train, a large number of bodies fell from both sides during the confrontations. After this battle, the rebels besieged the main guards camp, which was led by Colonel Hai and asked him to surrender, but Colonel Hai rejected the request. The siege lasted for about two months until they were rescued on 14 November.
814:) on 14 August, where Bani Tamim clan attacked the town, people of the town have cooperated with the clan as happened in the town of Khalis, but the governmental Sarai, where the British and the soldiers of the Shabana were staying, failed to surrender to the rebels. After hours of confrontation between the two sides, the rebels managed to take control of the Governmental Sarai (Qushla). In the evening, five Britons serving in the Sarai were killed in the battle. After controlling the town, the rebels cut off the railway running through the town. In Shahraban, after the rebels managed to control the town, there was a big conflict between the town elders and the Bani Tamim clan, which resulted in battles between them. On 7 September, the British troops, led by General Kongham, arrived near the town. After an unequal battle between the clans and the British troops, the latter managed to enter the town on 9 September.
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and
Koumouna families fought to establish Islamic rule throughout Iraq. In addition to the families fighting, the Shi'ite tribes encouraged the people to keep resisting British rule. Both factions fought ruthlessly and fought the British effectively. This was the strongest resistance the British had encountered. The Al-Awad family was often mentioned by Gertrude Bell in her letters, such as those sent from Baghdad. There was great carnage in Karbala, and many families were sent to prison camps on various islands. Some returned, but many did not survive. Women and their children were alone; their men were missing, some ran away to seek refuge, and many gathered in their houses, so if they died, they all died at once. Some families and militiamen agreed with the British that they would be rewarded with land and beautiful houses if they fought on the British side.
720:. On 30 July, Hadi al-Maqoutar arrived from the city of Najaf to incite the inhabitants of the village to join the revolt. He succeeded, as the tribes living in that area began to sabotage the railway and telegraph lines passing through the area. The commander of the British forces in Iraq, General Haldane, ordered the forces stationed at the Khadr train station to withdraw immediately to the city of Nasiriyah, where the tribes that joined the revolution then attacked the station. This was on 13 August, when they were shooting towards the station. The station had a regular train and two armoured trains, but soon, an incident happened to the first armoured vehicle, which led to a problem. The British troops went by regular train only, and the train arrived at Ur's station safely in the same evening.
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Nasiriyah, he wrote a report to the
British governor in Baghdad, Arnold Wilson. The assistant of the political ruler of the town, Captain Platts and his British companions, managed to escape from the town on 1 September by a British steamer anchored there and the ship steered them safely towards Nasiriyah. There was no looting for the town of Souq al-Sheioukh, as the rest of the towns of lewaa Muntafiq suffered from looting and destruction of the governmental Sarai. Sheioukh Muhammad Hassan al-Haidar managed to preserve all these properties. On 4 September, two military ships left Nasiriyah and the two ships arrived at the Hawar, located south of Souq al-Sheioukh. Both were heavily armed by the rebels and a battle between the two sides lasted for approximately half an hour.
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tribe managed to liberate the region of
Toureej without resistance. The rebel tribes were headed by Umran Saadoun al-Abbasi. The revolutionaries were subjected to bombing by British aircraft and other types of weapons. The masses of the rebel clans headed to the Siddat al-Hindi. The British military commander considered this a threat to Baghdad, especially after the rebels attacked the railway from Hilla to Baghdad and Bani Hassan drowned the British battleship Firefly in the Euphrates.
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773:'messengers' to other parts of the country to spread the news of rebellion. The most prominent tribe in the Diyala region at the time was the 'Azza. Their sheikh, Habib al-Khayizran, was apprehensive of the hazardous venture. However, he was arrested not long after, and soon after his release he expressed his support of the revolt. Diyala had a vital geographical position at the time, as many railways to Persia crossed through it. This line was swiftly cut off by the rebels.
643:. The use of aircraft shifted the advantage to the British and played a huge role in ending the revolt. Some tribes worked against the revolt since they were recognised by the British authorities and profited from the acknowledgement. Eventually, the rebels began to run low on supplies and funding and could not support the revolt for much longer, and the British forces had become more effective. The revolt ended in October 1920, when the rebels surrendered Najaf and
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mountain to negotiate with
Ibrahim Khan, and as soon as the former arrived at the mountain, he was surprised by the rebels arresting him. The rebels attacked the town and occupied the governmental Sarai and took down the British flag. As soon as the news of the occupation of the town by the rebels reached Kirkuk's ruler, Major Lunkerk, he moved with his army towards the town. After a bloody battle, the British forces conquered the town.
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On 14 August, the Dalw clan, under the leadership of its leader Khesro Bek, attacked the city of
Khanaqin. The city was occupied with little resistance. The rebels and those with them looted Dar al-Saray and all the governmental departments in the city. They took down the British flag and took up the
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Discontent with
British rule materialised in May 1920 with the onset of mass meetings and demonstrations in Baghdad. The start of the revolution was centred on peaceful protests against British rule. There were large gatherings at both Sunni and Shia mosques, which showed that cooperation between the
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The commander of the
British forces in Iraq sent a telegram to General Kongham, who was busy quelling the rebellion in the Diyala region, asking him to return to Baghdad on 16 September. On 1 October, General Kongham moved his forces from the city of Ur, heading north. On the sixth of that month, he
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were divided into two sections, one of which was led by Colonel "Hai" and camped on the river in a place called Hsija coast near the city and the second was led by Captain "Rasel" and encamped around the city train station that was near the city wall. Both sections became encircled after the British
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One of the results of that battle was the evacuation of the British from many regions in Musayyib and Hindi and the joining of the clans of Daghara and Afaf, and the liberation of the rest of the surrounding areas. The rebel clans advanced toward the Tahmaziyya, and in the meantime, the Bani Hassan
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A key part of the revolt took place in Karbala, with families from all segments of society fighting together, such as the Al-Awad and the Koumouna families. All of them were united by a proclamation to stand together and fight for their right to an independent nation. The faction led by the Al-Awad
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The arrest of Sheikh Shaalan Abu al-Jun had caused unrest. It resulted in his followers wrecking railway systems and other infrastructure, such as bridges. The attacks were supported by various Iraqi officers, which made the attacks appear to be well-coordinated and potent. The group of rebels grew
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An armed revolt broke out in late June 1920. Ayatollah al-Shirazi issued another fatwa which read, "It is the duty of the Iraqis to demand their rights. In demanding them they should maintain peace and order. But if the English prevent them from obtaining their rights it is permitted to make use of
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At the end of July, the majority of the southern and mid-Euphrates area was controlled by the rebels. This inspired Kurds in southern Kurdistan to start a rebellion of their own. They succeeded in seizing a number of towns, but the insurgency quickly fizzled out, as they proved to lack a unifying
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The British were worried that the incident in al Rumaitha would spread to other parts of the region, and would become a widespread issue. It was theorised that the uprising was orchestrated by outsiders from Najaf, who opposed the British Mandate, rather than it being a general attack against the
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defensive force." This seemed to encourage armed revolt. The British authorities tried to counter this by arresting a sheikh of the Zawalim tribe. Later, an armed band of loyal tribal warriors stormed the prison and set him free. The revolt soon gained momentum as the British garrisons in the mid-
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A force from the Bani Hassan clan took control of the Kifl region south of Hilla, calling on the occupying authorities to send a large force called Bertil. Orders were issued to shoot at them when the revolutionaries appeared. The revolutionaries inferred the location of the force; they tried to
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On 27 August, the governor of Nasiriyah, Mager Dijbren, who was a former political governor in 1918, visited the town of Suq al-Sheioukh. Where he met with the chiefs of the town and tried to convince them not to join the revolution. As soon as Magoger Digber has returned to the city of
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On 22 August, Ibrahim Khan, one of the leaders of the Dalw clan, went with his companions to ascend to the top of Jabal Baba Shah Sawar, overlooking the city of Kafri, and opened fire on the governmental Sarai in the town. The assistant of the town's ruler, Captain Salmon, went himself to the
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flew missions totaling 4,008 hours, dropped 97 tons of bombs and fired 183,861 rounds for the loss of nine men killed, seven wounded and 11 aircraft destroyed behind rebel lines. The revolt caused British officials to drastically reconsider their strategy in Iraq. The revolt cost the British
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The British failed to keep the revolt confined to the southern and central parts of the Euphrates region. Tribes along the Diyala River, which is in the northwestern part, had joined the revolt around late July. Their participation was fueled by a tactic of the rebels, in which they sent out
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For Iraqis, the revolt served as part of the founding of Iraqi nationalism although this conclusion is debated by scholars. It also showed unprecedented co-operation between Shia and Sunni Muslims, although this co-operation did not last much longer than the end of the revolt.
525:. The objectives of the revolution were independence from British rule and the creation of an Arab government. The revolt achieved some initial success, but by the end of October 1920, the British had suppressed the revolt, although elements of it dragged on until 1922.
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force. Most leaders were content to fall under British rule, as it provided them with a bureaucratic and consistent system. They eventually faltered on choosing a single leader, and lacked communication when it came to organising a successful revolution.
695:) of the rebellion assembled on the 11th of July 1920 and wrote a letter to the district's British Political Officer, in which they requested for Iraq to gain independence. This request was denied, and the leaders declared a revolt as a response.
588:"declaring that service in the British administration was unlawful". There was growing resentment toward new British policies, such as new land ownership laws. This upset tribal leaders, especially when it came to a new tax for burial in the
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region were weak and the armed tribes much stronger. By late July, the armed tribal rebels controlled most of the mid-Euphrates region. The success of the tribes caused the revolt to spread to the lower Euphrates and all around Baghdad.
1321:
al-Rahimi, 'Abd al-Halim, Al-haraka al-Islamiyya fi al-'Iraq: al-juthur alfikriyya wa al-waqi' al-tarikhi (1900–24) (The Islamic Movement in Iraq: Ideological Roots and Historical Situation, 1900–1924), Dar al-'alamiyya, Beirut, 1985,
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907:, British officials discussed the future of Iraq. The British now wanted to control Iraq through more indirect means, mainly by installing former officials friendly to the British government. They eventually decided to install
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As the Assyrian manned force became more disciplined they rendered excellent service; during the Arab rebellion of the 1920s, they displayed, under conditions of the greatest trial, steadfast loyalty to their British officers.
80:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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In 1920, the Assyrians had given proof of their great discipline and fighting qualities when the Assyrian camps at Mindan and Baquba were attacked by Arab forces, with the Assyrians defeating and driving off the Arabs.
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for the territories that the defeated Central Powers had occupied began to take shape. The principle was that the territories should eventually become independent, albeit under the tutelage of one of the victorious
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two main sects of Iraqi society was possible. At one of the larger meetings, 15 representatives were nominated to present the case for Iraqi independence to the British officials. Acting Civil Commissioner,
580:. In Iraq, the British administration fired most of the former Ottoman officials, and the new administration had mainly British officials. Many Iraqis began to fear that Iraq would be incorporated into the
596:, where Shia from worldwide came to be buried. Meetings between Shia ulema and tribal leaders discussed strategies for peaceful protests, but they considered violent action if they failed to get results.
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government 40 million pounds, which was twice the amount of the annual budget allotted for Iraq and a huge factor in reconsidering their strategy in Iraq. It had cost more than the entire British-funded
676:, had instructed deputy Lieutenant P. T. Hyatt in al-Rumaitha to arrest him, which caused the Zawalim Tribe, under the leadership of Sheikh Ghathith Harjan, to revolt and rescue him from prison.
873:: he would have written a secret memorandum with the text:"I do not understand this sqeamishness about the use of gas. I am strongly in favour of using poison gas against uncivilised tribes."
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793:. One officer believes the reason that the Assyrians displayed such excellence was due to the Assyrians believing that they would be given independence after the revolution by the British.
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during World War I and he enjoyed good relations with certain important officials. British officials also thought installing Faysal as king would prevent Faysal from fighting
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British officers claim the Assyrians were veterans and skilled against their enemies, most of the men who signed up to the British army were indeed veterans from the
903:, decided a new administration was needed in Iraq as well as the British colonies in the Middle East so-called for a large conference in Cairo. In March 1921 at the
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George Curzon, "Note on the Mesopotamia-Persia Situation by Sir Percy Cox" (official memorandum, The National Archives, Kew: 30 July 1920), CAB 24/110/15.
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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Prolonged conflicts are listed in the decade when initiated; ongoing conflicts are marked italic, and conflicts with +100,000 killed with bold.
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Admiralty, "Admiralty. Weekly Intelligence Summary. No. 16." (official memorandum, The National Archives, Kew: 23 October 1920), CAB 24/114/17.
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countries. People in Ottoman provinces began to fear the Mandate concept since "it seemed to suggest European imperial rule by another name".
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Edward S Montagu, "The Causes of the Outbreak in Mesopotamia." (official memorandum, The National Archives, Kew: August 1920), CAB 24/110/90.
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and Shia religious communities cooperated during the revolution as well as tribal communities, the urban masses, and many Iraqi officers in
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Critics have compared these airbombardments with the airbombardment in 1937 on the Basque town Guernica by the German and Italian airforces
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Winston S Churchill, "Situation in Mesopotamia." (official memorandum, The National Archives, Kew: 02 September 1920), CAB 24/111/29.
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was a prominent Shia leader of the revolt. Using heavy artillery and aerial bombardment, the uprising was suppressed by the British.
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Lieb, Peter. "Suppressing Insurgencies in Comparison: The Germans in the Ukraine, 1918, and the British in Mesopotamia, 1920,"
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Amarilyo, Eli. "History, Memory and Commemoration: The Iraqi Revolution of 1920 and the Process of Nation Building in Iraq."
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Arabic Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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crawl over them. The British forces suffered heavy losses, after which they issued orders to withdraw.
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Vinogradov, Amal. "The 1920 Revolt in Iraq Reconsidered: The Role of Tribes in National Politics,"
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Vinogradov, Amal. "The 1920 Revolt in Iraq Reconsidered: The Role of Tribes in National Politics,"
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Vinogradov, Amal. "The 1920 Revolt in Iraq Reconsidered: The Role of Tribes in National Politics,"
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Vinogradov, Amal. "The 1920 Revolt in Iraq Reconsidered: The Role of Tribes in National Politics,"
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Vinogradov, Amal. "The 1920 Revolt in Iraq Reconsidered: The Role of Tribes in National Politics,"
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4833:
4768:
4720:
4634:
4368:
4066:
3160:
3148:
3124:
3022:
3016:
2914:
2282:
2168:
2138:
1547:
874:
612:
272:
5262:
4903:
4763:
4758:
4614:
4492:
3765:
2835:
2709:
2360:
2330:
2113:
1971:
1615:
669:
496:
194:
145:
2655:
1625:
879:]. - Around 1,000 British and Indian soldiers died during the revolt. The
4878:
4735:
4582:
4577:
4523:
4502:
4429:
3887:
3839:
3834:
3563:
3545:
3112:
2757:
2553:
2487:
2294:
2144:
1882:
Reclaiming Iraq: the 1920 revolution and the founding of the modern state
1260:
Reclaiming Iraq: The 1920 Revolution and the Founding of the Modern State
1066:
Tauber, Eliezer; Ṭaʼuber, Eliʻezer; Ṭa'uber, Eliʿezer (23 January 1995).
975:
Reclaiming Iraq: The 1920 Revolution and the Founding of the Modern State
916:
885:
866:
661:
549:
518:
1864:
Persian Gulf Command: A History of the Second World War in Iran and Iraq
4813:
4730:
4725:
4654:
2559:
2481:
2192:
2029:
1600:
1576:
811:
504:
102:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
4497:
2974:
2727:
2547:
1527:
620:
508:
1592:
5237:
4946:
4442:
4242:
4182:
2703:
1165:
854:
698:
729:
691:
644:
492:
4432:
and later conflicts (after 1914) of at least 100 fatalities each
77:
3524:
664:
town. The Dhuwalim (Or Zawalim) Tribe, which was led by Sheikh
541:, which is often seen as a precursor to the 1920 Iraqi revolt.
606:
Alleged British use of chemical weapons in Mesopotamia in 1920
5041:
3573:
683:
593:
585:
538:
522:
1262:. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press. pp. 1–223.
1219:. London: London: I.B. tauris & Co Ltd. pp. 52–84.
1166:"Political Awakenings in an Artificial State: Iraq, 1914-20"
1012:
Air Power in Small Wars - the British air control experience
869:, in which Winston Churchill played probably a pivotal role
3448:
3441:
3436:
3381:
3374:
3324:
3317:
3252:
3227:
1154:. The Arab Institute for Research and Publishing, 1973, 307
911:
as King of Iraq, as part of what was informally called the
636:
1745:
1743:
767:
499:, including protests by embittered officers from the old
1787:
1785:
1363:
1108:, Jonathan Glancey, 19 April 2003, Retrieved 16.05.2012.
1065:
1922:
Britain in Iraq: contriving king and country, 1914-1932
1740:
1897:
Enemy on the Euphrates: The Battle for Iraq, 1914–1921
1851:. The Arab Institute for Research and Publishing, 1973
1782:
1695:
1516:الحسناوي يسأل و العباسي يجيب حسين ال علي ال عبيد ص18.
1351:
736:
997:
The new Cambridge modern history. Volume xii. p.293.
805:
73:
5357:
20th-century military history of the United Kingdom
915:. Faysal had worked with the British before in the
69:
a machine-translated version of the Arabic article.
5052:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
650:
495:in the summer of 1920 with mass demonstrations by
4210:Islamic insurgency in Saudi Arabia (2000–present)
3484:2020 Kurdish protests in Sulaymaniyah Governorate
1116:
1114:
5308:
1856:Western Imperialism in the Middle East 1914–1958
699:Spread of the revolution to the Middle Euphrates
576:, as Iraq was called in the Western world and a
455:(later reinforced with an additional 15,414 men)
4363:Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present)
3190:
1765:. Edinburgh and London: W. Blackwood and Sons.
1111:
98:accompanying your translation by providing an
60:Click for important translation instructions.
47:expand this article with text translated from
5082:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
4529:Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine
4458:
3673:Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine
3510:
3176:
1957:
977:. University of Texas Press. pp. 10–11.
1936:International Journal of Middle East Studies
1793:International Journal of Middle East Studies
1777:International Journal of Middle East Studies
1346:International Journal of Middle East Studies
1333:International Journal of Middle East Studies
1310:International Journal of Middle East Studies
1246:International Journal of Middle East Studies
689:and got more support. A few of the leaders (
3526:List of modern conflicts in the Middle East
942:List of modern conflicts in the Middle East
810:It was announced in the town of Shahraban (
776:
745:
635:, authorised immediate reinforcements from
4465:
4451:
3517:
3503:
3183:
3169:
1964:
1950:
1927:Spector S. Reeva and Tejirian H. Eleanor.
1821:
1369:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1197:
1195:
1157:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1033:Iraq's Armed Forces: An Analytical History
1005:
1003:
909:Faisal I bin Al-Hussein bin Ali Al-Hashemi
875:https://web.archive.org/web/20150110002152
817:
684:Declaration of the Revolution in the South
615:, dismissed their demands as impractical.
144:
1894:
1357:
1146:
1144:
796:
5162:Coat of arms of the United Arab Republic
5092:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation
5057:Independence Party (Mandatory Palestine)
4409:Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)
1849:Iraq: 1908–1921, A Socio-Political Study
1759:Haldane, James Aylmer Lowthorpe (1922).
1613:
1574:
1525:
1181:
1179:
1152:Iraq: 1908–1921, A Socio-Political Study
1121:A Report on Mesopotamia by T.E. Lawrence
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
723:
5037:Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction)
5022:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
4082:Consolidation of the Iranian Revolution
1861:
1758:
1752:
1577:"Iraq and the Problem of the Assyrians"
1276:
1214:
1192:
1086:
1000:
923:and damaging British-French relations.
768:British forces and the Rebels in Diyala
716:is a small village on the left bank of
655:
572:in April 1920, Britain was awarded the
14:
5309:
5032:Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction)
1808:. Cambridge University Press, 2007, 44
1299:. Cambridge University Press, 2007, 43
1257:
1205:. Cambridge University Press, 2007, 41
1189:. Cambridge University Press, 2007, 40
1163:
1141:
1069:The Formation of Modern Syria and Iraq
972:
826:
708:
5322:Rebellions against the British Empire
4446:
3498:
3164:
1945:
1762:The Insurrection in Mesopotamia, 1920
1570:
1568:
1566:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1176:
1050:
754:
4472:
3407:1983–1986 Kurdish rebellions in Iraq
2223:Regulator Movement in North Carolina
1866:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
703:
535:an anti-British rebellion took place
29:
5072:National Liberation Front (Algeria)
1938:, Vol.3, No.2 (Apr., 1972): 123–139
853:, Major J. E. Barlow, stationed in
835:
639:that included two squadrons of the
24:
5012:Arab Socialist Union Party (Syria)
4534:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
4319:Insurgency in Egypt (2013–present)
3744:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
1924:(Columbia University Press, 2007).
1917:. Cambridge University Press, 2007
1815:
1563:
1233:
1031:Ibrahim Al-Marashi, Sammy Salama:
1009:Lieutenant Colonel David J. Dean:
737:The Fall of Samawah to the British
25:
5388:
5077:Palestine Liberation Organization
4156:1987 Sharjawi coup d'état attempt
1972:Colonial conflicts involving the
1931:. Columbia University Press, 2004
1620:. I.B. Tauris. pp. 151–159.
806:Rebels taking control of Shahrban
599:
474:11 aircraft destroyed 600 Missing
5291:
5290:
5017:Arabian Peninsula People's Union
4700:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
4194:Terror campaign in Egypt (1990s)
3447:
3440:
3380:
3373:
3323:
3316:
3251:
3226:
3201:
507:regions of the middle and lower
428:
412:
396:
385:
374:
363:
352:
341:
330:
319:
308:
288:
277:
266:
219:
34:
18:Iraqi revolt against the British
4660:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
4376:Yemeni civil war (2014–present)
4345:Syrian War spillover in Lebanon
4099:1979–1980 Shia uprising in Iraq
3402:1979–1980 Shia uprising in Iraq
3345:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
2048:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
1929:The Creation of Iraq, 1914–1921
1858:. Oxford University Press, 2006
1798:
1769:
1731:
1722:
1713:
1704:
1686:
1677:
1668:
1659:
1650:
1607:
1554:
1519:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1456:
1447:
1438:
1429:
1420:
1411:
1402:
1393:
1384:
1375:
1348:, Vol.3, No.2 (Apr., 1972): 137
1338:
1335:, Vol.3, No.2 (Apr., 1972): 136
1325:
1315:
1312:, Vol.3, No.2 (Apr., 1972): 135
1302:
1251:
1248:, Vol.3, No.2 (April 1972): 127
1208:
651:The Beginning of the Revolution
200:British Mandate for Mesopotamia
5102:Union of Arab Republics (1972)
4864:Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz
3422:1996 Iraqi coup d'état attempt
3355:1966 Iraqi coup d'état attempt
3350:1965 Iraqi coup d'état attempt
3268:1931–1932 Ahmed Barzani revolt
2151:Father Rale's War/Dummer's War
1795:, Vol.3, No.2 (Apr. 1972): 139
1779:, Vol.3, No.2 (Apr. 1972): 138
1129:
1025:
991:
966:
552:, the idea put forward by the
443:Other heads of iraqi tribesmen
187:Greater autonomy given to Iraq
110:{{Translated|ar|ثورة_العشرين}}
108:You may also add the template
13:
1:
5362:Iraq–United Kingdom relations
4146:1986 Egyptian conscripts riot
3787:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
3437:Republic of Iraq (since 2003)
2548:Black War (Van Diemen's Land)
2392:Castle Hill convict rebellion
1889:Small Wars & Insurgencies
1617:A Modern History of the Kurds
959:
528:
348:Muhammad Hasan Abi al-Mahasin
5047:Federation of Arab Republics
5007:Arab Socialist Union (Libya)
4997:Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)
4598:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
4546:Arab separatism in Khuzestan
4350:Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013)
4337:Turkish involvement in Syria
4221:al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen
4052:Political violence in Turkey
3986:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
3893:Yemeni–Adenese clan violence
3772:Italian bombing of Palestine
3734:1935–1936 Iraqi Shia revolts
3683:Arab separatism in Khuzestan
3370:Republic of Iraq (1968–2003)
3278:1935–1936 Iraqi Shia revolts
1822:Al-Haydari, Ibrahim (2017).
860:
791:Assyrian war of independence
647:to the British authorities.
7:
5347:1920s in the United Kingdom
5172:Flag of the Arab Federation
5002:Arab Socialist Union (Iraq)
4992:Arab Socialist Action Party
3602:Turkish War of Independence
3586:Unification of Saudi Arabia
3263:1922 Mahmud Barzanji revolt
3248:Kingdom of Iraq (1921–1958)
3213:1919 Mahmud Barzanji revolt
1532:. Saqi Books. p. 303.
930:
851:Assistant Political Officer
844:
10:
5393:
5143:On the Way of Resurrection
5136:The Battle for One Destiny
5067:Lebanese National Movement
4508:Third International Theory
4267:Iran–Israel proxy conflict
4261:Houthi insurgency in Yemen
4250:Balochi insurgency in Iran
4226:1999 Shia uprising in Iraq
4062:1977 Shia uprising in Iraq
4057:Islamist uprising in Syria
4035:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
3924:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964
3810:Kurdish separatism in Iran
3729:Goharshad Mosque rebellion
3427:1999 Shia uprising in Iraq
3397:1977 Shia uprising in Iraq
3313:Iraqi Republic (1958–1968)
3223:Mandatory Iraq (1920–1932)
3191:Protests and coups in Iraq
3065:Jewish revolt in Palestine
2710:Fenian Rebellion in Canada
2355:Dwyer's guerrilla campaign
2247:American Revolutionary War
1826:(in Arabic). Dar al Saqi.
728:The guards of the city of
603:
72:Machine translation, like
5286:
5195:
5152:
5120:
5097:Unified Political Command
4987:Arab Nationalist Movement
4932:
4884:Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi
4744:
4713:
4680:1969 Sudanese coup d'état
4551:1979 Khuzestan insurgency
4516:
4480:
4425:
4388:
4293:
4234:
4174:
4107:
4025:Black September in Jordan
4017:
3916:
3860:
3757:
3701:
3655:
3532:
3435:
3368:
3360:17 July Revolution (1968)
3340:Ramadan Revolution (1963)
3311:
3303:14 July Revolution (1958)
3246:
3221:
3196:
2899:
2836:Jameson Raid South Africa
2370:
2123:
1984:
1884:(U of Texas Press, 2012).
1749:علي الوردي ج:5(ب). ص:113.
1728:علي الوردي ج:5(ب). ص:111.
1489:علي الوردي ج:5(ب). ص:161.
1480:علي الوردي ج:5(ب). ص:162.
1471:علي الوردي ج:5(ب). ص:157.
1462:علي الوردي ج:5(ب). ص:156.
1444:علي الوردي ج:5(أ). ص:308.
1435:علي الوردي ج:5(أ). ص:307.
1426:علي الوردي ج:5(أ). ص:305.
1417:علي الوردي ج:5(أ). ص:304.
1408:علي الوردي ج:5(أ). ص:300.
1399:علي الوردي ج:5(أ). ص:299.
1390:علي الوردي ج:5(أ). ص:298.
1082:– via Google Books.
485:Iraqi War of Independence
464:
447:
259:
212:
152:
143:
139:Iraqi War of Independence
138:
49:the corresponding article
5367:Military history of Iraq
5342:Revolutions of 1917–1923
4605:1952 Egyptian revolution
4127:Kurdish–Turkish conflict
4122:1980 Turkish coup d'état
3941:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War
3873:1953 Iranian coup d'état
3868:1952 Egyptian revolution
3596:1919 Egyptian revolution
3579:Mount Lebanon starvation
3479:2019–2021 Iraqi protests
3474:2015–2018 Iraqi protests
3469:2012–2013 Iraqi protests
3392:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War
3298:1948 Al-Wathbah uprising
3047:Arab revolt in Palestine
2644:Second Anglo-Burmese War
2386:Second Anglo-Maratha War
2277:Australian frontier wars
1862:Jackson, Ashley (2018).
1710:علي الوردي ج:5(ب). ص:77.
1701:علي الوردي ج:5(ب). ص:76.
1683:علي الوردي ج:5(ب). ص:75.
1674:علي الوردي ج:5(ب). ص:74.
1665:علي الوردي ج:5(ب). ص:52.
1656:علي الوردي ج:5(ب). ص:51.
1614:McDowall, David (2021).
1215:Dockter, Warren (2015).
777:Battles of the Assyrians
746:Situation within Karbala
680:British administration.
418:Habib al-Khaizaran
183:Iraqi political victory
181:British military victory
5258:Palestinian nationalism
5177:Flag of the Arab Revolt
4670:1966 Syrian coup d'état
4650:1963 Syrian coup d'état
4630:1961 Syrian coup d'état
4356:War in Iraq (2013–2017)
4204:Iraqi Kurdish Civil War
4199:Yemeni Civil War (1994)
4009:1966 Syrian coup d'état
3936:First Iraqi–Kurdish War
3777:Allied invasion of Iraq
3724:Saudi–Yemeni War (1934)
3647:Mahmud Barzanji revolts
3417:Iraqi Kurdish Civil War
3041:Second Mohmand campaign
2776:Third Anglo-Burmese War
2740:Second Anglo-Afghan War
2542:First Anglo-Burmese War
2518:Third Anglo-Maratha War
2349:Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
2259:Second Anglo-Mysore War
2253:First Anglo-Maratha War
1895:Rutledge, Ian (2015a).
1575:Stafford, R.S. (1934).
818:Khanaqin and Qazelarbat
574:Mandate for Mesopotamia
119:For more guidance, see
4685:1969 Libyan revolution
4563:1941 Iraqi coup d'état
4301:2011 Bahraini uprising
4285:South Yemen insurgency
4166:Abu Nidal's executions
4151:1986 Damascus bombings
3930:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
3782:Syria–Lebanon campaign
3552:Middle Eastern theatre
3288:1941 Iraqi coup d'état
3283:1936 Iraqi coup d'état
2981:Third Anglo-Afghan War
2866:First Mohmand campaign
2590:First Anglo-Afghan War
2289:Third Anglo-Mysore War
1842:Middle Eastern Studies
1824:The tragedy of Karbala
1526:Rutledge, Ian (2015).
1258:Kadhim, Abbas (2014).
1164:Haddad, Fanar (2012).
1018:7 January 2017 at the
973:Kadhim, Abbas (2012).
797:Influence in Kurdistan
674:Clive Kirkpatrick Daly
489:Great Iraqi Revolution
402:Dhari ibn Mahmud
370:Mirza Mahdi al-Shirazi
284:Clive Kirkpatrick Daly
260:Commanders and leaders
5243:Jordanian nationalism
4977:Arab Islamic Republic
4972:Arab Higher Committee
4849:Rashid Ali al-Gaylani
4829:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
4640:North Yemen civil war
4573:Arab–Israeli conflict
4141:South Yemen civil war
4040:Shatt al-Arab clashes
3965:Mar. 1963 Syrian coup
3954:North Yemen civil war
3903:1958 Iraqi revolution
3830:1948 Arab–Israeli War
3824:Arab–Israeli conflict
3693:Sheikh Said rebellion
3557:Battle of Robat Karim
3238:1920 Iraqi Revolution
2638:Second Anglo-Sikh War
2295:Cotiote (Wayanad) War
2181:French and Indian War
1626:10.5040/9780755600762
1581:International Affairs
724:Battle of Al-Bawakher
578:mandate for Palestine
537:in the Iraqi city of
465:Casualties and losses
359:Mirza Taqi al-Shirazi
121:Knowledge:Translation
92:copyright attribution
5372:Iraqi revolt of 1920
5332:20th century in Iraq
5278:Tunisian nationalism
5248:Lebanese nationalism
5208:Egyptian nationalism
5203:Algerian nationalism
5107:United Arab Republic
4982:Arab Liberation Army
4962:Arab Ba'ath Movement
4819:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
4280:Fatah–Hamas conflict
4216:Operation Desert Fox
4189:1991 Iraqi uprisings
4183:Gulf War (1990–1991)
4094:Grand Mosque seizure
4072:Yemenite War of 1979
4030:Yemenite War of 1972
3970:Nov. 1963 Iraqi coup
3960:Feb. 1963 Iraqi coup
3714:Ahmed Barzani revolt
3625:Turkish–Armenian War
3412:1991 Iraqi uprisings
3273:1933 Simele massacre
2800:Hunza–Nagar Campaign
2608:First Anglo-Sikh War
2584:Egyptian–Ottoman War
1847:Atiyyah, Ghassan R.
1150:Atiyyah, Ghassan R.
953:Al-Mas' Ala Al-Kubra
656:Al Rumaitha incident
546:Treaty of Versailles
326:Ja'far Abu al-Timman
236:Kingdom of Kurdistan
5268:Sahrawi nationalism
4625:1959 Mosul uprising
4558:Great Syrian Revolt
4428:This list includes
4396:2021 Beirut clashes
4256:2004 Qamishli riots
4133:Turkey–PKK conflict
4089:1979 Qatif Uprising
3908:1959 Mosul uprising
3898:1958 Lebanon crisis
3845:1973 Yom Kippur War
3816:Iran crisis of 1946
3804:Al-Wathbah uprising
3794:1943 Barzani revolt
3688:Great Syrian Revolt
3668:Iraqi Revolt (1920)
3591:Simko Shikak revolt
3459:2011 Iraqi protests
3335:1959 Mosul uprising
3293:1943 Barzani revolt
3053:Waziristan campaign
2987:Waziristan campaign
2680:Revolt of Rajab Ali
2157:War of Jenkins' Ear
1844:51.1 (2015): 72–92.
1035:, Routledge, 2008,
947:San Remo conference
921:the French in Syria
849:The British had an
827:Revolution in Kafri
718:the Euphrates River
709:Battle of Al-Khodar
570:San Remo Conference
477:2,050–10,000 killed
472:1,100–1,800 wounded
434:Omar al-Alwan
5337:Rebellions in Asia
5317:Rebellions in Iraq
5273:Syrian nationalism
5253:Libyan nationalism
5213:Greater Mauritania
5129:The Arab Awakening
5112:United Arab States
5087:Rejectionist Front
4894:Gamal Abdel Nasser
4705:Yemeni unification
4695:Lebanese Civil War
4675:17 July Revolution
4645:Ramadan Revolution
4620:14 July Revolution
4077:Iranian Revolution
4046:Lebanese Civil War
3992:1948 Palestine war
3739:1935 Yazidi revolt
3630:Franco-Turkish War
2927:Bambatha Rebellion
2842:Anglo-Zanzibar War
2830:Chitral Expedition
2764:Anglo-Egyptian War
2536:Anglo-Ashanti wars
2241:Lord Dunmore's War
2199:Anglo-Cherokee War
2108:King William's War
1891:23 (2012): 627–647
1719:Wilson: vol2.p371.
913:Sharifian Solution
897:Colonial Secretary
755:The fight in Najaf
666:Shaalan Abu al-Jun
337:Shaalan Abu al-Jun
100:interlanguage link
5327:Conflicts in 1920
5304:
5303:
5233:Iraqi nationalism
4924:Constantin Zureiq
4774:Abdul Rahman Arif
4754:Butrus al-Bustani
4440:
4439:
3663:Franco-Syrian War
3620:Greco-Turkish War
3608:Anglo-Turkish War
3574:Assyrian genocide
3569:Armenian genocide
3540:Italo-Turkish War
3492:
3491:
3158:
3157:
3089:Malayan Emergency
2999:Malabar rebellion
2860:Siege of Malakand
2806:Anglo-Manipur War
2662:Anglo-Persian War
2211:Anglo-Spanish War
2163:King George's War
2084:King Philip's War
2060:Anglo-Spanish War
1920:Sluglett, Peter.
1915:A History of Iraq
1873:978-0-300-22196-1
1854:Fieldhouse, D.K.
1806:A History of Iraq
1635:978-0-7556-0076-2
1539:978-0-86356-170-2
1297:A History of Iraq
1203:A History of Iraq
1187:A History of Iraq
901:Winston Churchill
871:Winston Churchill
704:The Samawah Front
633:Winston Churchill
554:League of Nations
513:Mehdi Al-Khalissi
481:
480:
381:Mehdi Al-Khalissi
315:Muhsin Abu-Tabikh
273:Sir Arnold Wilson
253:Kurdish tribesmen
246:Haras Al-Istiqlal
208:
207:
191:Faysal ibn Husayn
132:
131:
61:
57:
16:(Redirected from
5384:
5377:1920s in Baghdad
5294:
5293:
5167:Eagle of Saladin
4874:Amin al-Husseini
4839:Faisal I of Iraq
4809:Sultan al-Atrash
4804:Mansur al-Atrash
4779:Abdul Salam Arif
4588:War of Attrition
4474:Arab nationalism
4467:
4460:
4453:
4444:
4443:
4402:Israel–Hamas war
4329:Syrian civil war
4312:Sinai insurgency
4273:2006 Lebanon War
3948:Dhofar Rebellion
3883:Cyprus Emergency
3878:Jebel Akhdar War
3850:1982 Lebanon War
3840:1967 Six-Day War
3749:Dersim rebellion
3709:Ararat rebellion
3613:Al-Jazeera Front
3519:
3512:
3505:
3496:
3495:
3464:2011 Duhok riots
3452:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3385:
3384:
3378:
3377:
3328:
3327:
3321:
3320:
3256:
3255:
3231:
3230:
3206:
3205:
3198:OETA (1918–1920)
3185:
3178:
3171:
3162:
3161:
3107:Cyprus Emergency
2933:Maritz rebellion
2921:Tibet expedition
2854:Benin Expedition
2674:Indian Rebellion
2668:Second Opium War
2650:Eureka Rebellion
2626:British Honduras
2602:New Zealand Wars
2187:Seven Years' War
2133:Queen Anne's War
1966:
1959:
1952:
1943:
1942:
1913:Tripp, Charles.
1910:
1877:
1837:
1809:
1804:Tripp, Charles.
1802:
1796:
1789:
1780:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1756:
1750:
1747:
1738:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1720:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1693:
1690:
1684:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1666:
1663:
1657:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1572:
1561:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1508:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1490:
1487:
1481:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1454:
1451:
1445:
1442:
1436:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1418:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1400:
1397:
1391:
1388:
1382:
1379:
1373:
1367:
1361:
1355:
1349:
1342:
1336:
1329:
1323:
1319:
1313:
1306:
1300:
1295:Tripp, Charles.
1293:
1274:
1273:
1255:
1249:
1242:
1231:
1230:
1212:
1206:
1201:Tripp, Charles.
1199:
1190:
1185:Tripp, Charles.
1183:
1174:
1173:
1161:
1155:
1148:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1126:, 22 August 1920
1124:The Sunday Times
1118:
1109:
1099:
1084:
1083:
1063:
1048:
1029:
1023:
1007:
998:
995:
989:
988:
970:
937:RAF Iraq Command
905:Cairo Conference
836:Souq al-Sheioukh
544:After the Peace
440:
433:
432:
431:
424:
417:
416:
415:
408:
401:
400:
399:
390:
389:
388:
379:
378:
377:
368:
367:
366:
357:
356:
355:
346:
345:
344:
335:
334:
333:
324:
323:
322:
313:
312:
311:
303:
293:
292:
282:
281:
271:
270:
224:
223:
160:May–October 1920
154:
153:
148:
136:
135:
111:
105:
78:Google Translate
59:
55:
38:
37:
30:
21:
5392:
5391:
5387:
5386:
5385:
5383:
5382:
5381:
5307:
5306:
5305:
5300:
5282:
5218:Greater Morocco
5191:
5187:Pan-Arab colors
5182:Hawk of Quraish
5148:
5116:
4967:Arab Federation
4928:
4914:Abdullah Rimawi
4889:Mostéfa Merarda
4844:Muammar Gaddafi
4824:Ahmed Ben Bella
4799:Jamal al-Atassi
4789:Bashar al-Assad
4740:
4709:
4690:Black September
4568:Anglo-Iraqi War
4512:
4476:
4471:
4441:
4436:
4434:
4421:
4384:
4306:Egyptian Crisis
4289:
4230:
4170:
4103:
4013:
4002:Second Intifada
3912:
3856:
3753:
3719:Simele massacre
3697:
3678:Adwan Rebellion
3651:
3528:
3523:
3493:
3488:
3446:
3439:
3431:
3379:
3372:
3364:
3322:
3315:
3307:
3250:
3242:
3225:
3217:
3200:
3192:
3189:
3159:
3154:
3095:Kenya Emergency
2901:
2895:
2890:Second Boer War
2884:Boxer Rebellion
2812:Pahang Uprising
2692:Ambela campaign
2614:Río de la Plata
2596:First Opium War
2578:Aden Expedition
2410:Río de la Plata
2372:
2366:
2337:Irish Rebellion
2229:First Carib War
2125:
2119:
2042:Confederate War
2036:Irish Rebellion
1986:
1980:
1970:
1907:
1880:Kadhim, Abbas.
1874:
1834:
1818:
1816:Further reading
1813:
1812:
1803:
1799:
1790:
1783:
1774:
1770:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1741:
1737:Haldane - p296.
1736:
1732:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1692:Haldane - p158.
1691:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1660:
1655:
1651:
1636:
1612:
1608:
1593:10.2307/2603135
1573:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1540:
1524:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1475:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1453:Haldane - p223.
1452:
1448:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1403:
1398:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1370:Al-Haydari 2017
1368:
1364:
1356:
1352:
1343:
1339:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1316:
1307:
1303:
1294:
1277:
1270:
1256:
1252:
1243:
1234:
1227:
1213:
1209:
1200:
1193:
1184:
1177:
1162:
1158:
1149:
1142:
1134:
1130:
1119:
1112:
1100:
1087:
1080:
1064:
1051:
1030:
1026:
1020:Wayback Machine
1008:
1001:
996:
992:
985:
971:
967:
962:
933:
863:
847:
838:
829:
820:
808:
799:
779:
770:
757:
748:
739:
726:
711:
706:
701:
686:
658:
653:
641:Royal Air Force
608:
602:
531:
473:
471:
456:
454:
442:
436:
429:
427:
426:
420:
413:
411:
410:
404:
397:
395:
394:
392:Mahmud Barzanji
386:
384:
383:
375:
373:
372:
364:
362:
361:
353:
351:
350:
342:
340:
339:
331:
329:
328:
320:
318:
317:
309:
307:
299:
295:Gerard Leachman
287:
286:
276:
275:
265:
218:
182:
172:
128:
127:
126:
109:
103:
62:
56:(November 2018)
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5390:
5380:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5302:
5301:
5299:
5298:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5281:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5199:
5197:
5196:Related topics
5193:
5192:
5190:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5158:
5156:
5150:
5149:
5147:
5146:
5139:
5132:
5124:
5122:
5118:
5117:
5115:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5062:Islamic Legion
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4952:Al-Mourabitoun
4949:
4944:
4938:
4936:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4926:
4921:
4919:Hamdeen Sabahi
4916:
4911:
4909:Fuad al-Rikabi
4906:
4901:
4899:Adnan Pachachi
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4869:Saddam Hussein
4866:
4861:
4859:Sati' al-Husri
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4794:Hafez al-Assad
4791:
4786:
4784:Zaki al-Arsuzi
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4750:
4748:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4717:
4715:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4665:Aden Emergency
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4610:Iraqi Intifada
4607:
4602:
4601:
4600:
4595:
4593:Yom Kippur War
4590:
4585:
4580:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4554:
4553:
4543:
4538:
4537:
4536:
4526:
4520:
4518:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4488:Arab socialism
4484:
4482:
4478:
4477:
4470:
4469:
4462:
4455:
4447:
4438:
4437:
4426:
4423:
4422:
4420:
4419:
4416:Red Sea crisis
4412:
4405:
4398:
4392:
4390:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4381:
4380:
4366:
4359:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4341:
4340:
4324:
4323:
4322:
4315:
4303:
4297:
4295:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4276:
4275:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4246:
4238:
4236:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4178:
4176:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4163:
4161:Mecca massacre
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4137:
4136:
4124:
4119:
4111:
4109:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4085:
4084:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4021:
4019:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4011:
4006:
4005:
4004:
3999:
3997:First Intifada
3994:
3982:
3980:1964 Hama riot
3977:
3975:Aden Emergency
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3950:
3945:
3944:
3943:
3938:
3926:
3920:
3918:
3914:
3913:
3911:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3864:
3862:
3858:
3857:
3855:
3854:
3853:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3820:
3819:
3818:
3806:
3801:
3799:Al-Waziri coup
3796:
3791:
3790:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3761:
3759:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3705:
3703:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3659:
3657:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3649:
3644:
3643:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3616:
3615:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3542:
3536:
3534:
3530:
3529:
3522:
3521:
3514:
3507:
3499:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3455:
3453:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3388:
3386:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3331:
3329:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3259:
3257:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3234:
3232:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3209:
3207:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3165:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3152:
3146:
3140:
3134:
3128:
3122:
3116:
3110:
3104:
3098:
3092:
3086:
3080:
3074:
3068:
3062:
3056:
3050:
3044:
3038:
3035:Barzani revolt
3032:
3026:
3020:
3014:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2990:
2984:
2978:
2972:
2966:
2960:
2954:
2948:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2924:
2918:
2912:
2905:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2887:
2881:
2875:
2872:Tirah campaign
2869:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2845:
2839:
2833:
2827:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2803:
2797:
2791:
2785:
2782:Central Africa
2779:
2773:
2767:
2761:
2755:
2752:First Boer War
2749:
2743:
2737:
2734:Anglo-Zulu War
2731:
2725:
2719:
2713:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2689:
2683:
2677:
2671:
2665:
2659:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2635:
2629:
2623:
2617:
2611:
2605:
2599:
2593:
2587:
2581:
2575:
2569:
2563:
2557:
2551:
2545:
2539:
2533:
2527:
2521:
2515:
2509:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2479:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2449:
2443:
2437:
2431:
2425:
2422:Froberg mutiny
2419:
2413:
2407:
2401:
2395:
2389:
2383:
2376:
2374:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2358:
2352:
2346:
2340:
2334:
2328:
2322:
2316:
2310:
2304:
2298:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2268:
2262:
2256:
2250:
2244:
2238:
2232:
2226:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2190:
2184:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2142:
2136:
2129:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2111:
2105:
2102:Williamite War
2099:
2093:
2087:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2045:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2021:
2015:
2009:
2003:
1997:
1990:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1978:British Empire
1969:
1968:
1961:
1954:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1911:
1905:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1872:
1859:
1852:
1845:
1838:
1832:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1797:
1781:
1768:
1751:
1739:
1730:
1721:
1712:
1703:
1694:
1685:
1676:
1667:
1658:
1649:
1634:
1606:
1587:(2): 159–185.
1562:
1553:
1538:
1518:
1509:
1500:
1491:
1482:
1473:
1464:
1455:
1446:
1437:
1428:
1419:
1410:
1401:
1392:
1383:
1374:
1362:
1358:Rutledge 2015a
1350:
1337:
1324:
1314:
1301:
1275:
1268:
1250:
1232:
1225:
1207:
1191:
1175:
1156:
1140:
1128:
1110:
1085:
1078:
1072:. Frank Cass.
1049:
1024:
999:
990:
983:
964:
963:
961:
958:
957:
956:
949:
944:
939:
932:
929:
892:in 1917–1918.
890:Ottoman Empire
862:
859:
846:
843:
837:
834:
828:
825:
819:
816:
807:
804:
798:
795:
778:
775:
769:
766:
756:
753:
747:
744:
738:
735:
725:
722:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
685:
682:
657:
654:
652:
649:
601:
600:The Revolution
598:
590:Wadi-us-Salaam
582:British Empire
548:in 1919 after
530:
527:
479:
478:
475:
467:
466:
462:
461:
458:
450:
449:
445:
444:
305:
262:
261:
257:
256:
255:
254:
251:
250:Arab tribesmen
248:
243:
238:
228:
226:United Kingdom
215:
214:
210:
209:
206:
205:
204:
203:
197:
188:
178:
174:
173:
168:
166:
162:
161:
158:
150:
149:
141:
140:
130:
129:
125:
124:
117:
106:
84:
81:
70:
63:
44:
43:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5389:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5297:
5289:
5288:
5285:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5228:Greater Yemen
5226:
5224:
5223:Greater Syria
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5200:
5198:
5194:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5155:
5151:
5145:
5144:
5140:
5138:
5137:
5133:
5131:
5130:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5119:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4937:
4935:
4934:Organizations
4931:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4854:George Habash
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4834:Izzat Darwaza
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4769:Yasser Arafat
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4747:
4746:Personalities
4743:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4721:Arab identity
4719:
4718:
4716:
4712:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4635:Arab Cold War
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4575:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4535:
4532:
4531:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4515:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4479:
4475:
4468:
4463:
4461:
4456:
4454:
4449:
4448:
4445:
4433:
4431:
4424:
4418:
4417:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4406:
4404:
4403:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4387:
4379:
4378:
4377:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4369:Yemeni crisis
4367:
4365:
4364:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4339:
4338:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4331:
4330:
4325:
4321:
4320:
4316:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4308:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4292:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4274:
4271:
4270:
4269:
4268:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4251:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4233:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4211:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4184:
4180:
4179:
4177:
4173:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4135:
4134:
4130:
4129:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4117:
4116:Iran–Iraq War
4113:
4112:
4110:
4106:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4067:NDF Rebellion
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4047:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4016:
4010:
4007:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3955:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3931:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3915:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3859:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3756:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3700:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3654:
3648:
3645:
3641:
3640:United States
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3604:
3603:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3520:
3515:
3513:
3508:
3506:
3501:
3500:
3497:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3450:
3443:
3438:
3434:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3376:
3371:
3367:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3326:
3319:
3314:
3310:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3254:
3249:
3245:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3224:
3220:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3199:
3195:
3186:
3181:
3179:
3174:
3172:
3167:
3166:
3163:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3023:Ikhwan revolt
3021:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2898:
2891:
2888:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2470:Spice Islands
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2428:Santo Domingo
2426:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2369:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2217:Pontiac's War
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2169:Carnatic Wars
2167:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2139:Tuscarora War
2137:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2122:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1967:
1962:
1960:
1955:
1953:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1906:9780863567674
1902:
1898:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1857:
1853:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1833:9786144253144
1829:
1825:
1820:
1819:
1807:
1801:
1794:
1788:
1786:
1778:
1772:
1764:
1763:
1755:
1746:
1744:
1734:
1725:
1716:
1707:
1698:
1689:
1680:
1671:
1662:
1653:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1618:
1610:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1557:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1535:
1531:
1530:
1522:
1513:
1504:
1495:
1486:
1477:
1468:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1432:
1423:
1414:
1405:
1396:
1387:
1378:
1372:, p. 93.
1371:
1366:
1359:
1354:
1347:
1341:
1334:
1328:
1318:
1311:
1305:
1298:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1271:
1269:9780292756892
1265:
1261:
1254:
1247:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1228:
1226:9781780768182
1222:
1218:
1211:
1204:
1198:
1196:
1188:
1182:
1180:
1171:
1167:
1160:
1153:
1147:
1145:
1137:
1132:
1125:
1122:
1117:
1115:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1081:
1079:9780714645575
1075:
1071:
1070:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1028:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1006:
1004:
994:
986:
984:9780292739246
980:
976:
969:
965:
955:
954:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
934:
928:
924:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
893:
891:
887:
882:
878:
876:
872:
868:
858:
856:
852:
842:
833:
824:
815:
813:
803:
794:
792:
787:
783:
774:
765:
761:
752:
743:
734:
731:
721:
719:
715:
696:
694:
693:
681:
677:
675:
671:
667:
663:
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
629:War Secretary
625:
622:
616:
614:
613:Arnold Wilson
607:
597:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
566:
564:
559:
555:
551:
547:
542:
540:
536:
526:
524:
520:
516:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
476:
469:
468:
463:
459:
452:
451:
446:
441:
439:
425:
423:
409:
407:
393:
382:
371:
360:
349:
338:
327:
316:
306:
304:
302:
296:
291:
285:
280:
274:
269:
264:
263:
258:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
233:
232:
231:Iraqi rebels
229:
227:
222:
217:
216:
211:
201:
198:
196:
193:installed as
192:
189:
186:
185:
184:
179:
176:
175:
171:
167:
164:
163:
159:
156:
155:
151:
147:
142:
137:
134:
122:
118:
115:
107:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
82:
79:
75:
71:
68:
65:
64:
58:
52:
50:
45:You can help
41:
32:
31:
19:
5352:1920 in Iraq
5263:Pan-Islamism
5141:
5134:
5127:
5027:Ba'ath Party
4904:Ameen Rihani
4764:Jassem Alwan
4759:Michel Aflaq
4615:Algerian War
4541:Iraqi Revolt
4540:
4427:
4414:
4407:
4400:
4374:
4373:
4361:
4354:
4335:
4327:
4326:
4317:
4310:
4265:
4248:
4241:
4209:
4181:
4131:
4114:
4044:
3984:
3952:
3928:
3822:
3808:
3766:World War II
3764:
3667:
3600:
3544:
3237:
2993:Iraqi Revolt
2992:
2848:Matabeleland
2824:North Borneo
2818:Matabeleland
2770:Saskatchewan
2572:Upper Canada
2566:Lower Canada
2524:Persian Gulf
2440:Persian Gulf
2380:Newfoundland
2361:Polygar Wars
2331:Kandyan Wars
2283:Nootka Sound
1935:
1928:
1921:
1914:
1896:
1888:
1881:
1863:
1855:
1848:
1841:
1823:
1805:
1800:
1792:
1776:
1771:
1761:
1754:
1733:
1724:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1688:
1679:
1670:
1661:
1652:
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501:Ottoman Army
488:
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437:
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180:
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96:edit summary
87:
54:
46:
4957:Arab Ba'ath
4879:Salah Jadid
4736:Arabization
4583:Six-Day War
4578:Suez Crisis
4524:Arab Revolt
4503:Pan-Arabism
4430:World War I
3888:Suez Crisis
3835:Suez Crisis
3564:Arab Revolt
3546:World War I
3113:Suez Crisis
3011:Transjordan
2915:West Africa
2892:(1899–1902)
2886:(1898–1901)
2878:Six-Day War
2826:(1894–1905)
2814:(1891–1895)
2794:Mashonaland
2758:Mahdist War
2698:Shimonoseki
2628:(1847–1901)
2538:(1824–1901)
2506:Cape Colony
2404:Cape Colony
2363:(1799–1805)
2357:(1799–1803)
2345:(1798–1800)
2333:(1796–1818)
2307:Cape Colony
2297:(1793–1806)
2279:(1788–1934)
2175:Nova Scotia
2145:Yamasee War
2116:(1694–1700)
2090:Child's War
2078:2nd Tangier
2072:1st Tangier
2068:(1655–1739)
2018:Saint Kitts
1996:(1593–1603)
917:Arab Revolt
886:Arab rising
867:Mustard gas
662:Al-Rumaitha
550:World War I
457:63 aircraft
5311:Categories
5121:Literature
4814:Tariq Aziz
4731:Arab world
4726:Arab Union
4655:Dhofar War
3017:Pink's War
2909:Somaliland
2746:Basutoland
2500:Guadeloupe
2482:Xhosa Wars
2464:Seychelles
2446:Guadeloupe
2434:Martinique
2301:Rohilkhand
2265:Gold Coast
2235:Rohilkhand
2193:Bengal War
2030:Pequot War
1041:0415400783
960:References
812:Miqdadiyah
604:See also:
556:to create
529:Background
5154:Symbolism
4498:Nasserism
4493:Ba'athism
3149:Falklands
3145:(1963–67)
3139:(1962–66)
3133:(1962–90)
3121:(1962–76)
3109:(1955–59)
3103:(1954–59)
3097:(1952–60)
3091:(1948–60)
3085:(1946–50)
3077:Indonesia
3073:(1945–46)
3071:Indochina
3067:(1944–48)
3055:(1936–39)
3049:(1936–39)
3037:(1931–32)
3031:(1930–31)
3025:(1927–30)
3007:(1922–24)
3005:Kurdistan
2989:(1919–20)
2965:(1916–17)
2945:Nyasaland
2941:(1914–15)
2935:(1914–15)
2923:(1903–04)
2917:(1901–02)
2911:(1900–20)
2874:(1897–98)
2868:(1897–98)
2850:(1896–97)
2820:(1893–94)
2784:(1886–89)
2760:(1881–99)
2754:(1880–81)
2748:(1880–81)
2742:(1879–80)
2730:(1875–76)
2716:Abyssinia
2712:(1866–71)
2706:(1864–65)
2694:(1863–64)
2686:Kagoshima
2682:(1857–58)
2676:(1857–59)
2670:(1856–60)
2664:(1856–57)
2658:(1854–56)
2656:Åland War
2640:(1848–49)
2616:(1845–50)
2610:(1845–46)
2604:(1845–72)
2598:(1839–42)
2592:(1839–42)
2586:(1839–41)
2574:(1837–38)
2568:(1837–38)
2562:(1831–33)
2556:(1831–32)
2550:(1828–32)
2544:(1824–26)
2520:(1817–18)
2496:(1814–16)
2490:(1812–15)
2484:(1811–79)
2478:(1810–11)
2458:Mauritius
2430:(1808–09)
2412:(1806–07)
2388:(1803–05)
2351:(1798–99)
2321:(1795–96)
2315:(1795–96)
2291:(1789–92)
2267:(1781–82)
2261:(1779–84)
2255:(1775–82)
2249:(1775–83)
2237:(1773–74)
2231:(1769–73)
2225:(1765–71)
2219:(1763–66)
2213:(1762–63)
2201:(1758–61)
2195:(1756–65)
2189:(1756–63)
2183:(1754–63)
2177:(1749–55)
2171:(1746–63)
2165:(1744–48)
2159:(1740–42)
2153:(1722–25)
2147:(1715–17)
2141:(1711–15)
2135:(1702–13)
2110:(1688–97)
2104:(1688–91)
2092:(1686–90)
2086:(1675–78)
2062:(1654–60)
2056:(1654–67)
2050:(1649–53)
2044:(1641–53)
2032:(1634–38)
2002:(1609–46)
1644:243408490
1548:951245119
861:Aftermath
714:Al-Khodar
621:Euphrates
533:In 1918,
511:. Sheikh
509:Euphrates
491:began in
202:cancelled
114:talk page
51:in Arabic
5296:Category
5238:Islamism
4947:Al-Fatat
4714:Concepts
4481:Ideology
4243:Iraq War
3137:Malaysia
3059:Ethiopia
2957:Peshawar
2722:Manitoba
2704:Duar War
2000:Virginia
1899:. Saqi.
1016:Archived
931:See also
895:The new
855:Tal Afar
845:Tal Afar
672:, Major
558:mandates
453:120,000
448:Strength
165:Location
90:provide
27:Conflict
4942:Al-Awda
4517:History
3635:Revolts
3131:Sarawak
3083:Sarawak
2975:Nigeria
2963:Mohmand
2951:Nigeria
2902:century
2560:Malacca
2554:Jamaica
2512:Algiers
2452:Reunion
2398:Surinam
2373:century
2319:Grenada
2313:Jamaica
2205:Jamaica
2126:century
2066:Jamaica
1994:Ireland
1987:century
1974:English
1601:2603135
1045:page 15
730:Samawah
692:shuyukh
645:Karbala
568:At the
563:Entente
493:Baghdad
460:131,000
438:†
422:†
406:†
301:†
241:Al-ʽAhd
112:to the
94:in the
53:.
3151:(1982)
3127:(1962)
3125:Brunei
3115:(1956)
3079:(1945)
3061:(1943)
3043:(1935)
3019:(1925)
3013:(1923)
3001:(1921)
2995:(1920)
2983:(1919)
2977:(1918)
2971:(1917)
2969:Quebec
2959:(1915)
2953:(1915)
2947:(1915)
2929:(1906)
2880:(1899)
2862:(1897)
2856:(1897)
2844:(1896)
2838:(1896)
2832:(1895)
2808:(1891)
2802:(1891)
2796:(1890)
2790:(1888)
2788:Hazara
2778:(1885)
2772:(1885)
2766:(1882)
2736:(1879)
2724:(1870)
2718:(1868)
2700:(1864)
2688:(1863)
2652:(1854)
2646:(1852)
2634:(1848)
2632:Ceylon
2622:(1847)
2620:Canton
2580:(1839)
2532:(1823)
2530:Guiana
2526:(1819)
2514:(1816)
2508:(1815)
2502:(1815)
2472:(1810)
2466:(1810)
2460:(1810)
2454:(1810)
2448:(1810)
2442:(1809)
2436:(1809)
2424:(1807)
2418:(1807)
2406:(1806)
2400:(1804)
2394:(1804)
2382:(1800)
2339:(1798)
2327:(1795)
2325:Ceylon
2309:(1795)
2303:(1794)
2285:(1789)
2273:(1786)
2243:(1774)
2207:(1762)
2098:(1687)
2080:(1664)
2074:(1662)
2054:Acadia
2038:(1641)
2026:(1628)
2024:Quebec
2020:(1626)
2014:(1622)
2008:(1612)
2006:Swally
1903:
1870:
1830:
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1632:
1599:
1546:
1536:
1266:
1223:
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1039:
981:
497:Iraqis
297:
177:Result
5042:Fatah
4389:2020s
4294:2010s
4235:2000s
4175:1990s
4108:1980s
4018:1970s
3917:1960s
3861:1950s
3758:1940s
3702:1930s
3656:1920s
3533:1910s
3029:Tirah
2939:Tochi
2728:Perak
2494:Nepal
2416:Egypt
2343:Malta
2271:Assam
2114:Ghana
2012:Ormuz
1640:S2CID
1597:JSTOR
1138:, p7.
594:Najaf
586:fatwa
539:Najaf
523:Syria
519:Sunni
74:DeepL
3143:Aden
3119:Oman
3101:Oman
2900:20th
2476:Java
2371:19th
2124:18th
2096:Siam
1985:17th
1901:ISBN
1868:ISBN
1828:ISBN
1630:ISBN
1544:OCLC
1534:ISBN
1264:ISBN
1221:ISBN
1074:ISBN
1037:ISBN
979:ISBN
637:Iran
505:Shia
483:The
195:King
170:OETA
157:Date
88:must
86:You
67:View
2488:USA
1622:doi
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1322:219
881:RAF
487:or
76:or
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1742:^
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1052:^
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1002:^
899:,
857:.
631:,
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