325:
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273:
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283:
1597:
263:
1638:
442:
304:
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377:
364:
35:
522:
253:
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29:
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1118:. This was followed by another video in July 2015, in which Sheikh Muhammad Ali, identified as the IMU's spiritual leader, swears allegiance to ISIL. In August 2015, a video was released by the group in which its leader, Usman Ghazi, leads IMU fighters in taking an oath of allegiance to ISIL and Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. Ghazi also stated that the group should now be considered as fighters for ISIL's Afghanistan branch,
403:
338:
1435:, claimed he had been sent prior to 9/11 to warn the U.S. government of an impending attack and to persuade them to take military action against Al Qaeda's presence in Afghanistan. The aide claimed advance knowledge of the attack came from Yuldashev, which if true would indicate a high degree of cooperation between Al-Qaeda and the IMU.
1110:(ISIL) in September 2014, however it continued to cooperate closely with the Taliban in Afghanistan, according to Afghan government sources. In March 2015, a group of IMU militants in northern Afghanistan, led by Sadulla Urgenji, released a video in which they stated they no longer view the Taliban's
811:
made by the Tajik
Islamists, Yuldeshev and Namangani formed the IMU in 1998 with the aim of creating a militant Islamic opposition to Karimov in Uzbekistan. The IMU began moving towards the Afghan Taliban and away from their former and more moderate IRPT allies, who were in turn partially backing the
1008:
Members of the IMU began settling down in the region, with some starting families and becoming involved in local business. The group developed close ties with members of the
Taliban and al-Qaeda who had also taken refuge in the region, often serving as bodyguards for senior commanders. Tensions grew
677:. In 2016, it was reported that a new faction of Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan emerged after the group became part of ISIL. The new faction retained the group's name and was independent of ISIL. It has also indicated that it is loyal to al-Qaeda and the Taliban and shared their views against ISIL.
851:
were orchestrated in an unsuccessful attempt on
Karimov's life. Karimov placed the blame on the Islamists and the IMU in particular; however this attribution remains disputed, and it is possible the assassination attempt was the work of rival political and regional elites. Irrespective of who was
746:
Adolat assumed civil authority in
Namangan and quickly established a degree of order and security through the imposition of Sharia Law, which was ruthlessly enforced by Adolat's vigilante cadres. Initially tolerated by the newly installed President Karimov, Adolat became increasingly assertive,
972:
By 2001 the connections between the IMU and the
Taliban had become more overt, with media reports of Namangani had been appointed Deputy Defence Minister in the Taliban government, which the Taliban did not deny. In the spring the IMU again supplied the Taliban with 600 fighters for a renewed
882:
These raids had a major impact in
Central Asia, and resulted in considerable international pressure on Tajikistan, not least from Karimov, to expel the IMU from its base in the Tavildara Valley. The IRPT persuaded their former ally Namangani to abandon Tavildara in late 1999. Controversially,
778:
Namangani's combat experience in
Afghanistan saw him entrusted by the IRPT with the command of active units in the field, based out of the remote, mountainous Tavildara Valley region. He enjoyed considerable success in this role. Meanwhile, Yuldashev left Tajikistan on a tour of Afghanistan,
729:
in
Uzbekistan's Fergana Valley radicalized by his experiences, and became associated with a local Islamic ideologue, Tohir Yuldashev (born 1967). In the period of initial instability that followed Uzbekistan's sudden independence in 1991, Yuldeshev and Khojayev (now adopting the
2950:
On
December 9, an Islamic State supporter posted an Arabic-language statement on his Twitter account detailing the IMU's demise at the hands of the Taliban. According to this statement, the Taliban killed the remaining IMU fighters in Zabul, as well as Dadullah and 45 of his
852:
responsible, the result was an escalation in
Karimov's suppression of Islam, particularly in the traditionally observant Fergana Valley – a move which only increased the number of those fleeing Uzbekistan to join up with Namangani and the IMU in the Tavildara Valley.
993:, the IMU was largely destroyed while fighting alongside the Taliban, with Namangani being killed in November 2001 by a U.S. airstrike in northern Afghanistan. In March 2002, Yuldashev and many IMU members are believed to have fought against Coalition forces during
1013:
of disrespecting local customs, killing tribesmen, and involving themselves in local feuds. In early 2007, fighting broke out between Nazir's fighters and the Uzbeks, which resulted in hundreds of casualties on both sides and the expulsion of the IMU from much of
823:
Nevertheless, Namangani maintained his base in Tajikistan's Tavildara Valley, and was able to recruit large numbers of disaffected youth from the Fergana Valley, where economic hardship and religious persecution were continuing under Karimov's authoritarian rule.
709:. Many of these conscripts returned home impressed by the Islamic zeal of their opponents, and newly aware of the religious, cultural and linguistic characteristics they shared with their neighbours in the South; and which distinguished them from their rulers in
968:
Once again the raids were followed by a strategic retreat to Tavildara, and once again international pressure on the Tajik government saw Namangani agree to him and his men being flown by the Russians back to Afghanistan, where they arrived in January 2001.
1493:
on 16 October 2006 that the "Islamic Movement of Turkestan is the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan," and that Uzbek secret services manufactured the change in name. Juraqulov also said that the IMT was not a major security threat to Tajikistan or
1474:. Jones said that despite the death of Namangani, the "IMU is still active in the region -- particularly in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan -- and it represents a serious threat to the region and therefore to our interests."
1085:, claimed that the move to Afghanistan was natural as Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan was much more likely to find support in Afghanistan than in Pakistan. In Pakistan they were declared as foreign terrorist and Pakistan Army was killing them.
2822:"Hereby, on behalf of all members of our movement, in line with our sacred duties, I declare that we are in the same ranks with the Islamic State in this continued war between Islam and ," Usman Gazi wrote in an online statement on Sept 26.
1207:
descent. In 2011, of the 87 "martyrs" that the IMU listed on its website, only four were Uzbeks from Uzbekistan, while 64 were from Afghanistan, 10 from Tajikistan, six from Kyrgyzstan, and one each from Tatarstan, Germany and Pakistan.
1458:
in August 2001. Mahmood is said to have disclosed that bin Laden "insisted that he already had sufficient fissile material to build a bomb, having obtained it from former Soviet stockpiles through the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan."
1501:
Some analysts have asserted that rather than the image of a unified IMU under Namangani and Yuldeshev, it has always been an organization consisting of two poles: the radical, spiritual (Yuldeshev) and militant, criminal (Namangani).
976:
Uzbek government maintained contacts with Afghan Talibans during the final months of Taliban rule over Afghanistan. The contacts were aimed at convincing Talibans to hand over militants belonging to Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan.
1069:
The IMU became increasingly active in Afghanistan and was regularly cited as a terrorist threat by governments within and outside of the region. IMU fighters first started to become active in Afghanistan in 2007, fighting in the
883:
Namangani and his fighters were then flown from Tajikistan to northern Afghanistan in Russian military helicopters, a move which enraged Karimov who claimed the Russians were aiding the IMU in an attempt to undermine Uzbekistan.
2965:
1351:
In 2008, a number of men were arrested in eastern France, the Netherlands and Germany, for allegedly raising funds for the IMU between 2003 and 2008. Nine out of the ten men were convicted on 8 January 2013 in a Paris court.
3674:"Единый федеральный список организаций, в том числе иностранных и международных организаций, признанных в соответствии с законодательством Российской Федерации террористическими :: Федеральная Служба Безопасности"
902:
It is estimated in 2000 that the IMU was approximately 2000 strong, and in the spring they contributed around 600 fighters to the Taliban's offensive against Massoud, participating in the successful siege of
899:, in return for providing them with assistance in their battle with Massoud's Northern Alliance. The IMU established offices and training camps, and began expanding their recruitment of disaffected Uzbeks.
1269:
to be involved in organized criminal activities such as controlling and facilitating drug smuggling. The IMU is alleged by the United States of America to receive funding from the Taliban and Al-Qaeda.
2962:
859:
region of southern Kyrgyzstan, a region populated mainly by ethnic Uzbeks that is between Tavildara in Tajikistan and the Fergana Valley in Uzbekistan. Insurgents seized the Mayor of
2020:
2937:
1226:
On 30 September 2009, a man claiming to be a bodyguard of Tahir Yuldashev reported that Yuldashev had been killed in a US missile airstrike that occurred shortly after the death of
2710:
1215:. He was IMU's mufti, joining and then leaving ISIL in a video called (Muftiy Abu Zar Azzom Davla jamoatidan bezor buldi) (المفتي ابو ذر عزام يتبرأ من تأييد تنظيم الدولة).
1419:
man, one of 31 people kidnapped from a bus in Afghanistan in February 2015. The men threatened to kill more hostages unless their comrades are released from Afghan jails.
3375:
1234:. The next day, Pakistan and US officials confirmed this report. Almost a year later, the IMU website confirmed that Yuldashev had been killed on 27 August 2009 by a US
1078:. IMU commanders in northern Afghanistan integrated into the Taliban's shadow government, exercising governance in areas where the Afghan government's presence was weak.
751:, and was strong enough to outlaw Adolat and re-establish central control over the Fergana Valley region – traditionally one of the most Islamic regions in Central Asia.
1805:
1249:, had been appointed the group's new leader. In his first statement, Adil called on his followers to wage jihad in the southern portion of Kyrgyzstan, in the wake of
3809:
2925:
We saw reports from Afghanistan saying there were clashes and the main headquarters of the IMU, which joined to the Islamic State, was wiped out in Zabul Province.
1498:. "Everyone knows that it is in Uzbekistan that wants to create problems. For them, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan are just regrouping bases they're trying to reach."
3238:
3627:
3005:
1103:
After a period of declining relations between Afghan Talibans and Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU), the group pledged its allegiance Islamic State (IS).
1370:
An IMU suicide bomber was responsible for the December 2011 attack on the funeral of an Afghan government official in Takhar, killing 19 people, including
1074:
against Afghan and ISAF troops. From 2010 the IMU began to expand its presence into northern Afghanistan, particularly in ethnic Uzbek areas in and around
3164:
1828:
3398:
1180:
and the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan received Uyghur recruits from the diaspora in Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan. The movement's goal is the takeover of
931:
2595:
1100:. There were media reports in the following months that many IMU fighters and their families fled these military operations and moved to Afghanistan.
3480:
871:, as well as a helicopter to transport them to Afghanistan. Further incursions into Batken followed, with one raid resulted in a number of Japanese
1246:
3287:
1709:
747:
culminating in a demand that Karimov impose Sharia throughout Uzbekistan. However, by 1992 Karimov had successfully cemented his authority in
1996:
1218:
Afghan troops liquidated Ammar Sahib. Usman Ghazi, Abu Usman Adil, Tahir Yuldashev, and Juma Namangani were among the commanders of the IMU.
3424:
2311:
1122:. Following the pledge of allegiance, the Taliban launched an offensive against the IMU and forces loyal to dissident Taliban commander
763:
earlier in 1992. The civil war pitted Rahmonov's neo-communist forces against a loose coalition of democrats and Islamists known as the
2720:
655:
1865:
While the IMU still seeks to topple the Uzbek government, it now also wants to establish an Islamic Caliphate that spans Central Asia.
2560:
3699:
3309:
759:
Evading arrest, Yuldashev and Namagani fled to Tajikistan, where civil war was raging following a bloody but successful coup led by
2042:
1405:
1097:
973:
campaign against Massoud, while in Batken in Kyrgyzstan a number of sleepers armed the previous year executed a series of attacks.
807:
In 1997 Rahmonov and Nuri signed a peace agreement which saw Rahmonov agree to sharing power with the IRPT. Disillusioned with the
3789:
2912:
1129:
In June 2016, a new faction of the IMU announced itself, denouncing ISIL and expressing its loyalty to the Taliban and al Qaeda.
772:
2095:
1466:, the U.S. assistant secretary of state for Europe and Eurasia, testified on the threat of terrorism in Central Asia before the
1041:, with the goal of freeing militant Islamist prisoners held in Pakistani prisons. Close ties were also formed with the militant
3383:
3126:
2770:
1905:
1184:
and Central Asia. Uyghurs, Chechens, Uzbeks, Tajiks, Kyrgyz, Kazakhs and other ethnic groups flocked to serve under IMU leader
2886:
3652:
3183:
990:
674:
3450:
3077:
2611:
2470:
1884:
2801:
1250:
1107:
3799:
3349:
3328:
2742:
1510:
Countries and organizations below have officially listed the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan as a terrorist organization.
895:
Yuldeshev was able to exploit the contacts he had made on his earlier travels to negotiate freedom of operation from the
659:
647:
642:. Namangani was killed, while Yuldeshev and many of the IMU's remaining fighters escaped with remnants of the Taliban to
499:
172:
3713:
2684:
2155:
930:, and had been supplied with a pair of heavy transport helicopters by Bin Laden. Namangani led IMU fighters back to the
3770:
1780:
1253:. Adil was killed in an April 2012 US drone strike in Pakistan. In August 2012 the group announced that Adil's deputy,
1119:
919:
639:
525:
480:
3212:
2860:
3631:
2390:
2362:
2183:
1451:
3758:
2410:
3794:
2834:
484:
476:
3048:
787:, during which time he developed contacts with numerous Islamist groups. From 1995 to 1998 Yuldashev was based in
3814:
3428:
3353:
3310:"DEA Congressional Testimony – "Narco-Terrorism: International Drug Trafficking and Terrorism – a Dangerous Mix""
2890:
2838:
2747:
2415:
2289:
2159:
1931:
1909:
2500:
2334:
1382:
In April 2012, an estimated 150 IMU and TTP fighters launched a successful attack on Bannu Prison in Pakistan's
1126:
in Zabul Province, inflicting heavy casualties and effectively wiping out the group's presence in the province.
2665:
2507:
1177:
962:
961:, holding them hostage until they escaped on 12 August. In response, the United States classified the IMU as a
2441:
2578:
1467:
1235:
3402:
3265:
2639:
2592:
1755:
1734:
1409:
1398:
1330:, which left 33 militants, 10 policemen, and four civilian dead; however, an IMU splinter group called the
1282:. It produces high-quality videos, publishes audio and written statements, and has released newsletters in
196:
3145:
3107:
2533:
2072:
3484:
1470:' subcommittee on the Middle East and Central Asia, arguing that the greatest threats were the IMU, and
1341:
announced that it was seeking 23 suspected IMU members who Tajik authorities say attacked supporters of
1029:(TTP) in 2007, the IMU cooperated closely with him. The alliance between the two groups continued after
1979:
1447:
1355:
The IMU and Taliban were blamed for the 28 May 2011 bombing in Taloqan, Afghanistan, that killed a top
1954:"Country Reports on Terrorism 2017 - Foreign Terrorist Organizations: Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan"
1046:
1034:
1026:
3295:
3024:
1390:, who was convicted of involvement in a 2003 assassination attempt against then-Pakistani President
3804:
3458:
2561:"Asia Times Online :: Central Asian News and current affairs, Russia, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan"
2478:
2449:
1002:
638:
in the years 1999 and 2000. The IMU suffered heavy casualties in 2001–2002 during the American-led
2003:
303:
3558:
2775:
1327:
764:
623:
in 1990s. However, later on, relations between the Afghan Taliban and the IMU started declining.
276:
3187:
2963:
What Governments are doing; Listing of Terrorism Organisations - Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
2689:
A series of special reports on Operation Zarb-e-Azb by the newspaper's National Security Editor
2207:
2179:
1428:
1356:
844:
1037:
carried out joint attacks on the Pakistani State and eventually formed a combined unit called
879:, their subsequent release was reported to have followed the payment of a significant ransom.
855:
Later that year the IMU conducted its first verifiable operations, with an incursion into the
2096:"Northern Afghanistan and the New Threat to Central Asia - Foreign Policy Research Institute"
1853:
1338:
1089:
911:. The IMU also provided the Taliban with a useful degree of deniability, under pressure from
808:
694:
3738:
2268:
3603:
2616:
2028:
1684:
1115:
1093:
986:
927:
256:
3562:
3313:
2021:"Beijing, Kunming, Urumqi and Guangzhou: The Changing Landscape of Anti-Chinese Jihadists"
8:
3691:
3025:"They're Only Sleeping: Why militant Islamicists in Central Asia aren't going to go away"
2387:"Redesignation of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan as a Foreign Terrorist Organization"
2386:
2050:
1331:
768:
702:
3451:"The IMU Expansion in Afghanistan's Takhar Province: Jumping Off Point to Central Asia?"
2612:"The IMU Expansion in Afghanistan's Takhar Province: Jumping Off Point to Central Asia?"
2269:
They’re Only Sleeping – Why militant Islamicists in Central Asia aren’t going to go away
1191:
A number of the IMU's senior leaders and ideologues have been non-Uzbeks, including its
3695:
2358:
2136:
1463:
1439:
1383:
1371:
1360:
1071:
994:
813:
3759:
Organizations Proscribed by Ministry of Interior u/s 11-B-(1) r/w Schedule-I, ATA 1997
2329:
2327:
2325:
922:
intelligence sources claim the IMU were equipped with more advanced weaponry such as
3607:
2572:
1482:
1345:
1212:
1050:
1030:
817:
530:
266:
2285:
580:
84:
54:
3052:
2982:
2809:
2715:
2643:
2538:
2322:
2128:
1391:
1303:
1291:
1287:
1231:
1227:
1200:
1123:
1058:
1022:
1015:
998:
564:
286:
121:
109:
100:
88:
70:
58:
1415:
A video released by the IMU in April 2015 showed members of the group beheading a
1021:
Many of the retreating IMU members were sheltered by the local militant commander
494:
Islamic Movement of Turkestan (The government of Tajikistan claims to be an alias)
272:
3599:
3216:
3191:
2969:
2599:
2382:
1478:
1364:
1342:
1311:
1299:
1295:
1075:
1042:
915:
to expel Uighur militants the Taliban simply sent them north to the IMU's camps.
838:
792:
740:
472:
213:
185:
1953:
1049:, as the IMU's new leadership relocated the group to the Haqqani strongholds of
863:(the regional capital) and successfully extorted a ransom from the ill-prepared
3532:
3506:
3081:
3029:
2132:
2046:
1622:
1617:
1602:
1471:
1443:
1283:
1185:
1167:
1159:
950:
760:
736:
722:
596:
588:
550:
96:
66:
1096:
against militant groups in North Waziristan, in the wake of the IMU and TTP's
3783:
1643:
1416:
1307:
1192:
1155:
923:
670:
608:
600:
447:
226:
39:
1412:. At least 39 people were killed in the attack, including all 10 attackers.
282:
1387:
1245:
On 17 August 2010, the IMU announced that Yuldashev's long-serving deputy,
1151:
1143:
1010:
796:
767:(UTO). The UTO was led by the widely popular and highly respected Islamist
690:
584:
434:
262:
217:
209:
3108:"IMU cleric urges Pakistanis to continue sheltering jihadis in Waziristan"
1374:, an ethnic Uzbek Member of Parliament and former Tahkar Chief of Police.
1009:
with some locals however, with the Uzbeks accused by local Taliban leader
1254:
1163:
1111:
954:
908:
892:
784:
685:
During the Soviet era, Islam in Central Asia was officially suppressed –
631:
181:
162:
117:
3239:"Daily Times - Latest Pakistan News, World, Business, Sports, Lifestyle"
2140:
1710:"The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan's Enduring Influence on IS-Khurasan"
721:
One such soldier sent to fight in Afghanistan was the Uzbek paratrooper
3673:
3329:"Germany: Authorities Say Uzbekistan-Based Group Behind Terrorist Plot"
3266:"Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan confirms leader Tahir Yuldashev killed"
3165:"Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan faction emerges after group's collapse"
2232:
1829:"Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan faction emerges after group's collapse"
1495:
1486:
1171:
958:
943:
935:
864:
698:
643:
635:
627:
604:
460:
421:
382:
369:
2711:"Zarb-e-Azb operation: 120 suspected militants killed in N Waziristan"
1326:
The Government of Uzbekistan accused the IMU of being involved in the
1536:
1054:
872:
732:
725:(born 1969). Following the war, Khojayev returned to his hometown of
706:
521:
252:
152:
34:
3006:"A Nation Challenged – Qaeda's Grocery Lists And Manuals of Killing"
1025:, and when Mehsud turned against the Pakistani state and formed the
2835:"The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan Overshadows Afghan Battlefield"
1885:"Uzbekistan Experiences The Pitfalls Of Peacemaking In Afghanistan"
1664:
1490:
1204:
1181:
1146:
movement, its recruitment base expanded to include Central Asians (
1081:
Haji Seyit Dawud, director of the Afghan media-resources center in
949:
In August 2000 the IMU also kidnapped four U.S. mountain-climbers (
848:
788:
748:
726:
651:
616:
615:; however, in subsequent years, it reinvented itself as an ally of
572:
395:
296:
205:
176:
2676:
957:, Jason "Singer" Smith, and John Dickey) in the Kara-Su Valley of
3604:"U.S.: Diplomat sees growing terrorism challenge in Central Asia"
2743:"Militant Melting Pot: Extremists Flourish South Of Turkmenistan"
2640:"Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan commander killed in Afghan north"
1432:
1239:
1147:
904:
896:
868:
686:
620:
307:
2359:"Significant Terrorist Incidents, 1961-2003: A Brief Chronology"
292:
28:
3507:"Karachi airport: Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan claims attack"
2887:"Uzbek Group In Afghanistan Pledge Allegiance To Islamic State"
1580:
1558:
939:
856:
780:
743:
Islamist group in Namangan which they called Adolat (Justice).
710:
669:
In mid-2015, its leadership publicly pledged allegiance to the
612:
592:
408:
148:
3533:"Afghanistan kidnap video: Hostage beheaded 'by Uzbek gunmen'"
3425:"In Afghanistan, IMU-Taliban Alliance Chips Away At The Stone"
2442:"South Waziristan's Maulvi Nazir: The New Face of the Taliban"
1735:"Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan names Abu Usman as new leader"
1401:, resulting in the deaths of 4 civilians and all 5 attackers.
775:(IRPT) advocated a moderate and democratic brand of Islamism.
3246:
3213:"The News International: Latest News Breaking, Pakistan News"
2534:"Taliban, IMU form Ansar al Aseer to free jihadist prisoners"
1906:"The Growing Threat Of Militants In A Corner Of Central Asia"
1455:
1196:
1082:
912:
876:
576:
343:
330:
189:
2119:
Rashid, Ahmed (2001). "The Fires of Faith in Central Asia".
1712:. Global Network on Extremism & Technology. 3 March 2023
1106:
IMU leader Usman Ghazi declared the group's support for the
506:
3350:"Tajik Official says Uzbeks invented regional terror group"
1806:"The IMU is extinct: what next for Central Asia's jihadis?"
1033:
succeeded Baitullah as TTP leader in 2009, the IMU and the
886:
663:
356:
43:
3146:"IMU facilitator killed during night raid in Afghan north"
2471:"The Indigenization of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan"
1505:
1397:
The BBC reported that members of the IMU took part in the
673:(ISIL) and announced that the IMU was part of the group's
1785:
Center for International Security and Cooperation (CISAC)
1238:
drone strike in South Waziristan, and described him as a
1064:
860:
3376:"Ten on Trial in France for Funding Qaida-Linked Uzbeks"
2861:"Afghanistan vows action after IS-style beheading video"
2691:. News International, 2014 editorial. News International
2666:"The Islamic Movement Of Uzbekistan: An Evolving Threat"
2156:"Pakistan Blames IMU Militants For Afghan Border Unrest"
946:, and also into northern Uzbekistan, close to Tashkent.
3698:(c. 11, sched. 2). UK Public General Acts. 2000-07-20.
2286:"Tajikistan: Influential Islamic Politician Remembered"
3078:"The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan: Down but not out"
2771:"Militants Driven From Pakistan Flock to Afghan Towns"
1314:. The group also ran an Uzbek-language website called
1001:, suffering heavy casualties before retreating to the
832:
3620:
3483:. Associated Press. 15 December 2012. Archived from
3399:"France: 9 convicted for link to Uzbek terror group"
3127:"Former IMU cleric latest to denounce Islamic State"
2913:"The Islamic Movement Of Uzbekistan Comes Unraveled"
1729:
1727:
1045:
following the August 2009 killing of Yuldashev in a
938:, and from there launched multipronged attacks into
599:. Its original objective was to overthrow President
3481:"Militants attack airport in NW Pakistan; 9 killed"
2993:. French Centre for Research on Contemporary China.
2915:. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 28 November 2015
2802:"Uzbek militants declare support for Islamic State"
634:, the IMU launched a series of raids into southern
2208:"IMU Declares It Is Now Part Of The Islamic State"
1386:Province, freeing nearly 400 prisoners, including
619:. The group also maintained relations with Afghan
3645:
3396:
3175:
2435:
2433:
2340:. Institute for the Study of War. 27 January 2011
2227:
2225:
1724:
1404:In June 2014, the IMU claimed responsibility for
1195:former military commander, Abbas Mansur, and its
791:in Pakistan, where he established relations with
3781:
3443:
2210:. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 6 August 2015
1593:
3810:Organizations designated as terrorist by Canada
3004:Rohde, David; Chivers, C. J. (March 17, 2002).
2411:"German, Afghan Offensive In North Targets IMU"
1980:"The radical Islamic militants of central Asia"
1756:"IMU announces death of emir, names new leader"
1634:
3049:"On the Eve of 2014: Islamism in Central Asia"
2463:
2430:
2222:
1321:
1132:
754:
3042:
3040:
2983:"The Uyghurs in Xinjiang – The Malaise Grows"
2501:"Uzbek Militancy in Pakistan's Tribal Region"
2335:"Uzbek Militancy in Pakistan's Tribal Region"
1823:
1821:
1819:
3163:Roggio, Bill; Weiss, Caleb (June 14, 2016).
3003:
2930:
2312:"IMU said to seek control over Central Asia"
2043:"QE.I.10.01. ISLAMIC MOVEMENT OF UZBEKISTAN"
1924:
1750:
1748:
980:
689:were closed, and all contact with the wider
3551:
3382:. Satrapia. 3 December 2012. Archived from
3344:
3342:
3326:
3162:
2685:"Zarb-e-Azb: Gear up for the 'forever war'"
2567:. Archived from the original on 2009-06-20.
2202:
2200:
1527:
1348:on 28 September 2006, wounding two people.
1114:as leader and pledged allegiance to ISIL's
693:was severed. This isolation ended with the
666:and Afghan forces in northern Afghanistan.
558:
3417:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3037:
2938:"Wilayat Khorasan Stumbles in Afghanistan"
2735:
2351:
2172:
1816:
1377:
1251:ethnic violence against the Uzbek minority
907:, where they fought alongside Bin Laden's
16:1998–2015 Islamist militant group in Asia.
3592:
3320:
3016:
2604:
2233:"IMU Pledges Allegiance to Islamic State"
2093:
2065:
1745:
630:and Taliban-controlled areas of northern
3771:"List of terror groups published by UAE"
3339:
3327:Saidazimova, Gulnoza (2 February 2012).
3181:
2763:
2632:
2493:
2197:
2073:"Three groups active in Xinjiang banned"
1997:"Terrorist Organization Reference Guide"
1879:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1571:
1549:
1399:15 December 2012 Peshawar airport attack
887:Expansion into Taliban-ruled Afghanistan
42:used by the IMU and after allegiance to
3598:
3065:
2980:
2974:
2794:
2527:
2525:
2381:
2153:
1900:
1898:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1506:Designation as a terrorist organization
1477:Mahmadsaid Juraqulov, head of the anti-
802:
773:Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan
654:. The IMU then focused on fighting the
3782:
3731:
3666:
3268:. The Long War Journal. 16 August 2010
3260:
3258:
3256:
3171:. Foundation for Defense of Democracy.
3152:. Foundation for Defense of Democracy.
3143:
3124:
3105:
3022:
2531:
2118:
1758:. The Long War Journal. 4 August 2014.
1098:attack on Jinnah International Airport
1065:Return to Afghanistan and later events
3557:
3397:Press, Associated (January 8, 2013).
3205:
2439:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2246:
1870:
716:
3563:"Taleban 'warned US of huge attack'"
3184:"Tahir Yuldachev is dead: bodyguard"
3046:
2940:. Jamestown Foundation. 3 March 2016
2703:
2682:
2522:
1895:
1762:
1108:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
671:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
22:Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU)
3253:
3182:Yusufzai, Rahimullah (2009-09-30).
2683:Khan, Wajahat S (14 October 2014).
2375:
2180:"Country Reports on Terrorism 2011"
1960:. United States Department of State
1265:The IMU is alleged by the magazine
1142:While IMU was originally an ethnic
648:Federally Administered Tribal Areas
173:Federally Administered Tribal Areas
13:
3106:Roggio, Bill (November 23, 2011).
2591:Countering the IMU in Afghanistan
2243:
2002:. 13 December 2006. Archived from
1846:
1211:One of the mouthpieces of IMU was
1203:, a Pakistani national of Burmese
918:By the summer of 2000 Western and
833:Initial operations in Central Asia
14:
3826:
3739:"Foreign Terrorist Organizations"
3720:. 29 May 2002. pp. 0009–0022
3023:Rashid, Ahmed (14 January 2002).
2593:Countering the IMU in Afghanistan
2391:United States Department of State
2363:United States Department of State
2184:United States Department of State
2154:Sidikov, Alisher (July 2, 2003).
1452:Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission
1318:, which is no longer accessible.
3702:from the original on 2013-01-21.
3628:"Listed terrorist organisations"
3288:"Drug Trafficking in Uzbekistan"
3125:Roggio, Bill (August 30, 2016).
2532:Roggio, Bill (5 February 2013).
1856:. Institute for the Study of War
1781:"Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan"
1677:
1657:
1636:
1616:
1595:
1573:
1551:
1529:
1278:The IMU's media arm is known as
520:
485:Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
453:
440:
427:
414:
401:
388:
375:
362:
349:
336:
323:
302:
291:
281:
271:
261:
251:
33:
27:
3763:
3752:
3706:
3684:
3579:
3525:
3499:
3473:
3429:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
3390:
3368:
3354:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
3302:
3280:
3231:
3156:
3144:Roggio, Bill (April 12, 2012).
3137:
3118:
3099:
2997:
2956:
2905:
2891:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
2879:
2853:
2839:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
2827:
2748:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
2670:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
2658:
2585:
2553:
2416:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
2403:
2304:
2290:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
2278:
2160:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
2147:
2112:
2087:
2035:
2013:
1989:
1972:
1946:
1910:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
1889:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
697:(1979–1989), when thousands of
500:Designated as a terrorist group
151:in Uzbekistan and eventually a
3790:Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
2719:. 15 June 2014. Archived from
2508:Institute for the Study of War
2049:. 7 April 2011. Archived from
1798:
1702:
1431:, the Foreign Minister of the
1427:In September 2002, an aide to
1363:, and wounded the governor of
1334:later claimed responsibility.
963:Foreign Terrorist Organization
875:kidnapped. Although denied by
705:were sent to fight the Afghan
569:Исламское движение Узбекистана
543:Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
481:War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
1:
2440:Abbas, Hassan (14 May 2007).
1696:
1468:U.S. House of Representatives
1454:, had met Osama bin Laden in
1221:
1188:, who died in November 2001.
1137:
987:attacks of September 11, 2001
680:
3333:RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty
2075:. Dawn News. 23 October 2013
1854:"Tajikistan and Afghanistan"
1410:Jinnah International Airport
560:Oʻzbekiston islomiy harakati
477:Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)
7:
3714:"EUR-Lex - 32002R0881 - EN"
3653:"Currently listed entities"
3380:The Gazette of Central Asia
2448:. Vol. 5, no. 9.
1422:
1322:Claimed and alleged attacks
1133:Organization and leadership
755:Tajik civil war (1992–1997)
555:Ўзбекистон исломий ҳаракати
533:(Minority al-Qaeda faction)
10:
3831:
3800:Anti-Zionist organizations
3692:"Proscribed Organisations"
3047:Zenn, Jacob (2013-06-24).
2133:10.1215/07402775-2001-2001
1448:Sultan Bashiruddin Mahmood
1260:
836:
827:
626:Operating out of bases in
2577:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1035:Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan
1027:Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan
981:Overthrow of Taliban rule
799:based there at the time.
568:
554:
513:
498:
490:
468:
316:
310:(1998–2015, 2016–present)
299:(1998–2015, 2016–present)
245:
233:
195:
168:
158:
143:
131:
80:
50:
26:
21:
3459:The Jamestown Foundation
2479:The Jamestown Foundation
2450:The Jamestown Foundation
1273:
1257:, was their new leader.
1003:Tribal Areas of Pakistan
739:) established a radical
575:group formed in 1998 by
3795:Anti-Pakistan sentiment
3741:. State.gov. 2012-09-28
3095:(subscription required)
2790:(subscription required)
2776:The Wall Street Journal
1378:IMU attacks on Pakistan
1199:(religious authority),
1094:major military campaign
991:invasion of Afghanistan
765:United Tajik Opposition
640:invasion of Afghanistan
528:(Pro-ISIL faction only)
277:Turkistan Islamic Party
153:Central Asian Caliphate
3815:Salafi Jihadist groups
3718:Official Journal L 139
3188:The News International
2981:Castets, Rémi (2003).
2968:July 31, 2013, at the
2385:(September 25, 2002).
1429:Wakil Ahmad Muttawakil
1367:and a German general.
1357:Afghan National Police
1328:2004 Tashkent bombings
559:
3561:(September 7, 2002).
3292:www.eurasiacritic.com
2316:centralasiaonline.com
1450:, a scientist of the
1090:Pakistan Armed Forces
989:and the American-led
820:against the Taliban.
809:political concessions
3655:. Publicsafety.gc.ca
3602:(October 30, 2003).
3249:on January 12, 2012.
3219:on November 28, 2009
3169:The Long War Journal
3150:The Long War Journal
3131:the Long War Journal
3112:the Long War Journal
2617:Jamestown Foundation
2121:World Policy Journal
2029:Jamestown Foundation
2009:on 13 December 2006.
1739:The Long War Journal
1685:United Arab Emirates
1489:, told reporters in
1116:Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi
928:night-vision goggles
845:series of explosions
803:IMU formation (1998)
237:200–300 (after 2015)
108:Abu Usman Adil
3773:. 16 November 2014.
3487:on October 22, 2014
3316:on August 14, 2012.
1359:commander, General
1332:Islamic Jihad Union
703:Soviet Central Asia
169:Active regions
3696:Terrorism Act 2000
3587:Terror and Consent
3386:on April 13, 2014.
3084:. 20 November 2012
3010:The New York Times
2987:China Perspectives
2598:2011-04-29 at the
2275:, January 14, 2002
1649:25 September 2000
1481:department in the
1464:A. Elizabeth Jones
1440:Terror and Consent
1384:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1372:Alhaj Mutalib Baig
1361:Mohammed Daud Daud
1088:In June 2014, the
1072:Taliban insurgency
995:Operation Anaconda
814:Ahmad Shah Massoud
769:Said Abdullah Nuri
717:Adolat (1991–1992)
137:August 1998–2015
133:Dates of operation
3608:Radio Free Europe
3585:Bobbitt, Philip.
3356:. 17 October 2006
3298:on June 18, 2012.
2779:. 28 January 2015
2646:. 26 October 2010
2510:. 27 January 2011
2481:. 26 January 2012
1891:. 24 August 2019.
1741:. 17 August 2010.
1694:
1693:
1483:Interior Ministry
1346:Imomali Rakhmonov
1213:Abu Dher al Barmi
1162:) and as well as
1031:Hakimullah Mehsud
997:in Afghanistan's
818:Northern Alliance
695:Soviet–Afghan War
571:) was a militant
539:
538:
531:Jamaat Ansarullah
526:Khorasan Province
517:Succeeded by
267:Pakistani Taliban
3822:
3775:
3774:
3767:
3761:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3735:
3729:
3728:
3726:
3725:
3710:
3704:
3703:
3688:
3682:
3681:
3670:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3660:
3649:
3643:
3642:
3640:
3639:
3630:. Archived from
3624:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3600:Donovan, Jeffrey
3596:
3590:
3583:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3544:
3529:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3503:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3477:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3447:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3436:
3421:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3405:on June 25, 2013
3401:. Archived from
3394:
3388:
3387:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3361:
3346:
3337:
3336:
3324:
3318:
3317:
3312:. Archived from
3306:
3300:
3299:
3294:. Archived from
3284:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3262:
3251:
3250:
3245:. Archived from
3235:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3224:
3215:. Archived from
3209:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3190:. Archived from
3179:
3173:
3172:
3160:
3154:
3153:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3103:
3097:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3074:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3053:Hudson Institute
3044:
3035:
3034:
3020:
3014:
3013:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2978:
2972:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2947:
2945:
2934:
2928:
2927:
2922:
2920:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2898:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2817:
2812:. 7 October 2014
2798:
2792:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2739:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2707:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2644:Long War Journal
2636:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2608:
2602:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2576:
2568:
2557:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2539:Long War Journal
2529:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2505:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2437:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2383:Boucher, Richard
2379:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2339:
2331:
2320:
2319:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2292:. 10 August 2006
2282:
2276:
2266:
2241:
2240:
2239:. 1 August 2015.
2229:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2204:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2001:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1934:. 17 August 2016
1928:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1902:
1893:
1892:
1881:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1861:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1840:
1833:Long War Journal
1825:
1814:
1813:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1777:
1760:
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1752:
1743:
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1620:
1608:1 November 2002
1605:
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1576:
1561:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1539:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1513:
1512:
1392:Pervez Musharraf
1339:Tajik government
1280:Jundallah Studio
1232:Baitullah Mehsud
1228:Pakistan Taliban
1201:Abu Zar al-Burmi
1124:Mansoor Dadullah
1120:Wilayat Khorasan
1059:North Waziristan
1023:Baitullah Mehsud
1016:South Waziristan
999:Shahi Kot Valley
932:Tavildara Valley
761:Emomali Rahmonov
570:
562:
556:
524:
469:Battles and wars
459:
457:
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241:500–1,000 (2004)
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75:
63:
37:
31:
19:
18:
3830:
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3825:
3824:
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3819:
3805:Islamist groups
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3490:
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3479:
3478:
3474:
3464:
3462:
3461:. 26 April 2013
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3055:
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3021:
3017:
3002:
2998:
2979:
2975:
2970:Wayback Machine
2961:
2957:
2943:
2941:
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2935:
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2918:
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2896:
2894:
2893:. 30 March 2015
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2751:. 11 March 2015
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2620:. 26 April 2013
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2600:Wayback Machine
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2094:Bruce Pannier.
2092:
2088:
2078:
2076:
2071:
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2066:
2056:
2054:
2053:on June 9, 2013
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2040:
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2019:
2018:
2014:
2006:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1963:
1961:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1937:
1935:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1915:
1913:
1912:. 23 April 2011
1904:
1903:
1896:
1883:
1882:
1871:
1859:
1857:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1838:
1836:
1827:
1826:
1817:
1810:cacianalyst.org
1804:
1803:
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1637:
1635:
1615:
1596:
1594:
1574:
1572:
1552:
1550:
1530:
1528:
1508:
1479:organized crime
1425:
1380:
1365:Takhar Province
1343:Tajik President
1324:
1276:
1263:
1224:
1140:
1135:
1076:Takhar Province
1067:
1047:US drone strike
1043:Haqqani Network
983:
889:
847:in the capital
841:
839:Batken Conflict
835:
830:
805:
793:Osama bin Laden
757:
719:
683:
675:regional branch
656:Pakistan Forces
581:Tahir Yuldashev
535:
534:
529:
519:
491:Organization(s)
483:
479:
475:
473:Batken conflict
454:
452:
441:
439:
428:
426:
415:
413:
402:
400:
389:
387:
376:
374:
363:
361:
350:
348:
337:
335:
324:
322:
240:
238:
229:
224:
220:
216:
214:Salafi Jihadism
212:
208:
204:
186:Xinjiang region
184:
179:
147:Enforcement of
138:
132:
122:
116:
110:
107:
101:
95:
89:
71:
65:
59:
46:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3828:
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3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3777:
3776:
3762:
3751:
3730:
3705:
3683:
3665:
3644:
3619:
3591:
3578:
3550:
3539:. 7 April 2015
3524:
3513:. 11 June 2014
3498:
3472:
3442:
3416:
3389:
3367:
3338:
3319:
3301:
3279:
3252:
3230:
3204:
3174:
3155:
3136:
3117:
3098:
3082:Foreign Policy
3064:
3036:
3030:The New Yorker
3015:
2996:
2973:
2955:
2929:
2904:
2878:
2867:. 7 April 2015
2852:
2826:
2793:
2762:
2734:
2723:on 3 July 2014
2702:
2675:
2672:. 31 May 2014.
2657:
2631:
2603:
2584:
2552:
2521:
2492:
2462:
2429:
2402:
2374:
2350:
2321:
2303:
2277:
2273:The New Yorker
2242:
2221:
2196:
2186:. 31 July 2012
2171:
2146:
2111:
2086:
2064:
2047:United Nations
2034:
2031:. 23 May 2014.
2012:
1988:
1971:
1945:
1932:"The Diplomat"
1923:
1894:
1869:
1845:
1815:
1797:
1761:
1744:
1723:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1669:15 March 2013
1667:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:European Union
1612:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1603:United Kingdom
1590:
1589:
1587:
1586:February 2003
1584:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1507:
1504:
1472:Hizb ut-Tahrir
1444:Philip Bobbitt
1424:
1421:
1408:on Pakistan's
1379:
1376:
1323:
1320:
1275:
1272:
1267:Eurasia Critic
1262:
1259:
1247:Abu Usman Adil
1223:
1220:
1186:Juma Namangani
1178:Hizb ut-Tahrir
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1066:
1063:
1039:Ansar al-Aseer
985:Following the
982:
979:
951:Tommy Caldwell
888:
885:
867:government in
834:
831:
829:
826:
804:
801:
756:
753:
737:Juma Namangani
723:Juma Namangani
718:
715:
682:
679:
607:and create an
597:Fergana Valley
591:; both ethnic
589:Juma Namangani
537:
536:
515:
514:
511:
510:
503:
496:
495:
492:
488:
487:
470:
466:
465:
464:
463:
450:
437:
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411:
398:
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372:
359:
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333:
318:
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199:
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192:
170:
166:
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160:
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155:
145:
141:
140:
135:
129:
128:
97:Juma Namangani
85:Tohir Yoʻldosh
82:
78:
77:
67:Juma Namangani
55:Tohir Yoʻldosh
52:
48:
47:
40:Jihadist flags
38:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3827:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3772:
3766:
3760:
3755:
3740:
3734:
3719:
3715:
3709:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3687:
3679:
3675:
3669:
3654:
3648:
3634:on 2016-10-25
3633:
3629:
3623:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3595:
3588:
3582:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3554:
3538:
3534:
3528:
3512:
3508:
3502:
3486:
3482:
3476:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3446:
3431:. 9 June 2011
3430:
3426:
3420:
3404:
3400:
3393:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3371:
3355:
3351:
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3323:
3315:
3311:
3305:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3267:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3234:
3223:September 30,
3218:
3214:
3208:
3194:on 2022-06-10
3193:
3189:
3185:
3178:
3170:
3166:
3159:
3151:
3147:
3140:
3132:
3128:
3121:
3113:
3109:
3102:
3083:
3079:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3054:
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3043:
3041:
3032:
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3026:
3019:
3011:
3007:
3000:
2992:
2988:
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2977:
2971:
2967:
2964:
2959:
2952:
2939:
2933:
2926:
2914:
2908:
2892:
2888:
2882:
2866:
2862:
2856:
2841:. 12 May 2015
2840:
2836:
2830:
2823:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2766:
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2097:
2090:
2074:
2068:
2052:
2048:
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2038:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2016:
2005:
1998:
1992:
1981:
1975:
1959:
1955:
1949:
1933:
1927:
1911:
1907:
1901:
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1644:United States
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1243:
1242:, or martyr.
1241:
1237:
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966:
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947:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
924:sniper rifles
921:
916:
914:
910:
906:
900:
898:
894:
884:
880:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
853:
850:
846:
840:
825:
821:
819:
815:
812:ethnic-Tajik
810:
800:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
776:
774:
770:
766:
762:
752:
750:
744:
742:
738:
735:
734:
733:nom de guerre
728:
724:
714:
712:
708:
704:
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696:
692:
688:
678:
676:
672:
667:
665:
661:
657:
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649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
624:
622:
618:
614:
610:
609:Islamic state
606:
602:
601:Islam Karimov
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
566:
561:
552:
548:
544:
532:
527:
523:
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508:
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497:
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451:
449:
448:United States
438:
436:
425:
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399:
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360:
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347:
345:
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321:
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280:
278:
274:
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268:
264:
260:
258:
254:
250:
249:
248:
244:
239:~3,000 (2013)
236:
232:
228:
227:Islam Karimov
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
200:
198:
194:
191:
187:
183:
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119:
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92:
86:
83:
79:
76:
74:
68:
64:
62:
56:
53:
49:
45:
41:
36:
30:
25:
20:
3765:
3754:
3743:. Retrieved
3733:
3722:. Retrieved
3717:
3708:
3686:
3677:
3668:
3657:. Retrieved
3647:
3636:. Retrieved
3632:the original
3622:
3611:. Retrieved
3594:
3586:
3581:
3570:. Retrieved
3566:
3553:
3541:. Retrieved
3536:
3527:
3515:. Retrieved
3510:
3501:
3489:. Retrieved
3485:the original
3475:
3463:. Retrieved
3454:
3445:
3433:. Retrieved
3419:
3407:. Retrieved
3403:the original
3392:
3384:the original
3379:
3370:
3358:. Retrieved
3332:
3322:
3314:the original
3304:
3296:the original
3291:
3282:
3270:. Retrieved
3247:the original
3242:
3233:
3221:. Retrieved
3217:the original
3207:
3196:. Retrieved
3192:the original
3177:
3168:
3158:
3149:
3139:
3130:
3120:
3111:
3101:
3086:. Retrieved
3056:. Retrieved
3028:
3018:
3009:
2999:
2990:
2986:
2976:
2958:
2949:
2942:. Retrieved
2932:
2924:
2917:. Retrieved
2907:
2895:. Retrieved
2881:
2869:. Retrieved
2864:
2855:
2843:. Retrieved
2829:
2821:
2814:. Retrieved
2805:
2796:
2781:. Retrieved
2774:
2765:
2753:. Retrieved
2746:
2737:
2725:. Retrieved
2721:the original
2714:
2705:
2693:. Retrieved
2688:
2678:
2669:
2660:
2648:. Retrieved
2634:
2622:. Retrieved
2615:
2606:
2587:
2564:
2555:
2543:. Retrieved
2537:
2512:. Retrieved
2495:
2483:. Retrieved
2474:
2465:
2453:. Retrieved
2445:
2421:. Retrieved
2419:. 2009-07-23
2414:
2405:
2394:. Retrieved
2377:
2366:. Retrieved
2353:
2342:. Retrieved
2315:
2306:
2294:. Retrieved
2280:
2272:
2236:
2212:. Retrieved
2188:. Retrieved
2174:
2163:. Retrieved
2149:
2127:(1): 45–55.
2124:
2120:
2114:
2103:. Retrieved
2100:www.fpri.org
2099:
2089:
2077:. Retrieved
2067:
2055:. Retrieved
2051:the original
2037:
2024:
2015:
2004:the original
1991:
1974:
1964:19 September
1962:. Retrieved
1957:
1948:
1936:. Retrieved
1926:
1914:. Retrieved
1888:
1864:
1858:. Retrieved
1848:
1837:. Retrieved
1835:. 2016-06-14
1832:
1809:
1800:
1790:10 September
1788:. Retrieved
1784:
1738:
1714:. Retrieved
1704:
1627:27 May 2002
1509:
1500:
1476:
1461:
1438:In his book
1437:
1426:
1414:
1403:
1396:
1388:Adnan Rashid
1381:
1369:
1354:
1350:
1336:
1325:
1315:
1279:
1277:
1266:
1264:
1244:
1225:
1217:
1210:
1190:
1176:
1141:
1128:
1105:
1102:
1087:
1080:
1068:
1038:
1020:
1011:Maulvi Nazir
1007:
984:
975:
971:
967:
948:
917:
901:
890:
881:
854:
842:
822:
806:
797:Afghan Arabs
777:
758:
745:
731:
720:
691:Muslim world
684:
668:
660:Tribal Areas
625:
587:paratrooper
546:
542:
540:
516:
505:
435:Turkmenistan
221:
218:Anti-Zionism
210:Pan-Islamism
201:
159:Headquarters
139:2016–present
123:
111:
102:
90:
72:
60:
3559:Clark, Kate
3243:Daily Times
2919:20 December
2079:30 November
1938:30 November
1564:April 2003
1542:April 2003
1522:References
1446:noted that
1255:Usman Ghazi
1112:Mullah Omar
955:Beth Rodden
909:055 Brigade
893:Afghanistan
785:Middle East
632:Afghanistan
583:and former
507:See Section
222:Historical:
182:Afghanistan
163:Afghanistan
118:Usman Ghazi
3784:Categories
3745:2014-10-10
3724:2019-04-04
3678:www.fsb.ru
3659:2014-10-10
3638:2014-10-10
3613:2007-08-28
3589:. Pg. 120.
3572:2007-08-28
3491:17 October
3465:15 October
3435:15 October
3409:17 October
3198:2009-10-02
3088:10 October
3058:2014-10-10
2951:relatives.
2650:15 October
2624:10 October
2565:atimes.com
2545:10 October
2514:16 October
2485:15 October
2455:15 October
2423:2024-04-26
2396:2007-08-28
2368:2007-08-28
2344:2014-10-16
2237:EurasiaNet
2190:2014-10-10
2165:2008-07-03
2105:2023-04-24
2057:10 October
1916:13 October
1860:2014-10-09
1839:2016-06-15
1697:References
1496:Kyrgyzstan
1487:Tajikistan
1222:Leadership
1172:Westerners
1138:Membership
959:Kyrgyzstan
944:Kyrgyzstan
936:Tajikistan
873:geologists
843:In 1999 a
837:See also:
699:conscripts
681:Background
644:Waziristan
636:Kyrgyzstan
628:Tajikistan
605:Uzbekistan
579:ideologue
461:Uzbekistan
422:Tajikistan
383:Kyrgyzstan
370:Kazakhstan
3455:Jamestown
3360:9 October
3272:9 October
2475:Jamestown
2446:Jamestown
2296:9 October
2025:Jamestown
1537:Australia
1462:In 2003,
1406:an attack
1055:Miranshah
707:mujahedin
646:, in the
595:from the
317:Opponents
257:Jundallah
180:Northern
3700:Archived
3567:BBC News
2966:Archived
2944:15 April
2783:13 March
2755:13 March
2727:13 March
2695:13 March
2596:Archived
2573:cite web
2214:6 August
2141:40209731
1665:Pakistan
1516:Country
1491:Dushanbe
1423:Analysis
1236:Predator
1205:Rohingya
1182:Xinjiang
1168:Chechens
1160:Turkmens
1092:began a
849:Tashkent
816:and his
795:and the
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2921:2015
2899:2015
2873:2015
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2697:2015
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2547:2014
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