463:
2016:
2541:
2074:
it would be necessary to monitor mosques, clubs, ideology and social media contributions in context with fundamental Islam in order to protect the liberal, democratic and secular society. The organisation should get a similar role on islamic extremism as the
Documentation Centre of Austrian Resistance (DĂ–W) has on right wing extremism, according to the cabinet. Leading figures form the DĂ–W have principally welcomed the government's plan and confirmed that there is a need to take a closer look at the dangers of political Islam.
30:
4710:
2584:
1633:
1911:(Islamic Community in Vienna) in 1943. In late 1943 Salih Hadžialić, an employee of the Croatian embassy in Berlin, was installed as its president due to political pressure. Although the organization was formally dissolved as a private association in Vienna in 1948, it continued its activity in Salzburg and the American zone in general as of 1945. There it was reestablished under the name
2012:. Face veils in Austria are rare, with about 100-150 Muslim women wearing some type of face covering. Prior to the passing of the ban, thousands of people protested in Vienna in January 2017 to express opposition to the law. However, in European countries, that have introduced similar laws, the bans were upheld by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR).
2073:
In March 2019, cabinet announced that it aims to create a new institution, which should from 2020 monitor and document activities regarding political Islam in the country. Citing studies which show that a significant number of
Austrian Muslims hold anti-western and antisemitic views, Kurz said that
2357:
Turkish president Recep Tayyip ErdoÄźan, whose political style is described as increasingly authoritarian and undemocratic, and his
Islamic-conservative AKP Party gain huge election successes with Turkish citizens in Austria with up to 70 percent of votes. Critics see this as a clear sign of failed
2189:
The 2021 census in
Austria found that there were 745,608 Muslims living in the country, making up 8.3% of the population. Statistics Austria estimated in 2009 that 515,914 Muslims lived in Austria. Work by Ednan Aslan and Erol Yıldız that used data from the 2009 Statistics Austria report estimated
1954:
was passed by the
Austrian parliament, illegalizing foreign funding of mosques and paying salaries of imams. Contrary to reports in the media, the law does not regulate the version of the Koran that may be used in Austria, but central tenets of the religion must be presented to the authorities in
2340:
Almost 88% of
Austrian Muslims feel closely connected with Austria and more than 62% of Muslims have routine leisure time contact with people of other religions, according to the Bertelsmann survey from August 2017. The same survey was also implemented in Germany and several right-wing German
2531:
According to the MIPEX Index, access barriers to the labor market for immigrants are relatively low but unemployment is significantly more common among
Muslims than among the average population at large. Approximately 40% Muslims born in Austria leave school before age 17.
2567:(National Youth Representation) mainly focuses on interfaith dialogue with Catholics, Jews, Buddhists and other religious groups in the country. Muslim Youth Austria also campaigns against xenophobia and racism. Alevis in Austria have set up community groups such as the
1830:
in the 16th century, more
Muslims moved into the territory that makes up modern-day Austria. Muslims were expelled after the Habsburg Empire took control of the region once again in the late 17th century but a few were allowed to remain after the signing of the
2066:. The ban was motivated by protecting children from family pressure to wear the headscarf. According to an Austrian teacher's union, a ban for pupils aged up to 14 years should be considered as that is the religious legal age (German:
2622:
In April 2017, President
Alexander Van der Bellen said that there may come a day when we will have to ask all women in Austria to wear headscarves in solidarity with Muslim women and to fight what he referred to as "rampant
2510:
networks in the country and 60 locations were searched. During the raids, 70 people were apprehended on suspicion of belonging to a terrorist organization, money laundering and the financing of terrorist activities.
2373:
in 2013. Different approval rates also persisted after factors such as education, income, marital status, age and gender were taken into account, the study concluded that the reason is to some extent the religion.
2193:
The majority of
Muslims in Austria are Austrian citizens. The most common foreign citizenships among Muslims in Austria are Turkish (21.2%), Bosnian (10.1%), Kosovar (6.7%), Montenegrin (6.7%), and Serbian (6.7%).
1858:(Association of Progressive Islamite Academic Youth "Svijest"). After the Annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in October 1908 "Svijest" organized an action committee for gaining recognition of Islam in Austria (
2353:
have called the results concerning "close connection" superficial and too optimistic, because the study does not contain any information as to whether participants' values are compatible with western values
3618:
1989:. Anyone wearing clothes that obscure their face in public is liable to a fine of €150 and must remove the offending garment "on the spot" if ordered by police. Many activists and experts labeled the law
1915:(Moslem Religious Community Salzburg) under the protection of the U.S. Military Administration in Austria, where it was responsible for the religious care of about 1000 Muslim displaced persons.
3372:
3045:
Dautović, Rijad (2019). "40 Jahre seit Wiederherstellung der IRG-Wien. Warum die Islamische Religionsgemeinde Wien nicht erst 1979 gegründet wurde". In Dautović, Rijad; Hafez, Farid (eds.).
3020:
Dautović, Rijad (2019). "40 Jahre seit Wiederherstellung der IRG-Wien. Warum die Islamische Religionsgemeinde Wien nicht erst 1979 gegründet wurde". In Dautović, Rijad; Hafez, Farid (eds.).
3918:
2800:
2764:
2523:(Open Mosque Day) was first organized in October 2013 with the aim of building interfaith connections between Austrian Muslims and non-Muslims. The event has continued every year since.
2332:
foundation found that among Austrian Muslims, 64% were Sunni and 4% were Shia. Medien-Servicestelle Neue Ă–sterreicher estimated in 2010 that 10-20% of Austrian Muslims were Alevi.
2610:
survey 65 percent of Austrians supported the statement: "All further migration from mainly Muslim countries should be stopped", while 18 percent disagreed. In a 2018 poll by
3095:
2555:
Despite a large amount of Balkan Muslims in the country, most Muslim organizations in Austria are dominated by Turks. The largest Muslim organization in the country is the
4049:
2552:
There are 205 registered mosques in Austria with hundreds more unregistered prayer rooms. There are four mosques in the country that were purpose-built with minarets.
2358:
integration. In 2016 Sebastian Kurz, then foreign minister, from the Ă–VP and some FPĂ– members have urged participants of a pro-ErdoÄźan demonstration to leave Austria.
2366:
In an August 2017 survey by the Bertelsmann Stiftung foundation, 42% of Austrian Muslims said they were "highly religious" and 52% were "moderately religious."
3299:
3326:
1907:(Islamic Parish in Vienna), but which due to frictions with the local Nazi authorities was rather registered as a private association under the modified name
3781:
3133:
1840:
2939:
4277:
3767:
3729:
4302:
4047:
Kroissenbrunner, Sabine (July 2003). "Islam and Muslim Immigrants in Austria: Socio-Political Networks and Muslim Leadership of Turkish Immigrants".
3685:
1982:
In October 2017, the Austrian government passed a law named the "Prohibition on the Covering of the Face." The law was introduced by the center-left
1889:, its first president, to organize remaining and new Muslims in the country. However, the organization was promptly dissolved in 1939 following the
1854:(Islamite Academic Association "Zvijezda"). In 1907 some of its members split from it and established the second Muslim association in Vienna, the
3795:
2797:
2771:
3476:
2614:
45 percent answered that they would tolerate a street scene that is dominated by women wearing headscarves, 42 percent would not tolerate it.
4664:
3159:
541:
3978:Çakır, Alev; Schmidinger, Thomas (31 October 2014). "Austria". In Nielsen, Jørgen; Akgönül, Samim; Alibašić, Ahmet; Racius, Egdunas (eds.).
3950:Öktem, Kerem (30 October 2015). "Austria". In Scharbrodt, Oliver; Akgönül, Samim; Alibašić, Ahmet; Nielsen, Jørgen; Racius, Egdunas (eds.).
3519:
3537:
3187:
2750:
1826:
states that the first evidence of Muslims in Austria dates back to nomadic tribes from Asia that entered the region in 895. Following the
1564:
1862:). Austria recognized Muslims ("of the hanafite rite") as a religious society and regulated their religious freedoms with the so-called
1835:
in 1718. The Recognition Act in 1874 gave Christian and non-Christian communities including Muslims legal framework to be recognized as
3748:
1661:
2369:
Austrian Muslims show high fundamental religious values and hostility against other groups according to a study that was published by
4211:
4127:
3047:
Die Islamische Glaubensgemeinschaft in Österreich. 1909–1979–2019 - Beiträge zu einem neuen Blick auf ihre Geschichte und Entwicklung
3022:
Die Islamische Glaubensgemeinschaft in Österreich. 1909–1979–2019 - Beiträge zu einem neuen Blick auf ihre Geschichte und Entwicklung
2997:
Die Islamische Glaubensgemeinschaft in Österreich. 1909–1979–2019 - Beiträge zu einem neuen Blick auf ihre Geschichte und Entwicklung
1215:
4170:
3215:
3903:
4353:
4343:
3271:
3112:
17:
2563:
has two constituent members, the Austrian Turkish Islamic Union and the Islamic Federation. Muslim Youth Austria is part of the
2019:"Liebende Eltern (Loving parents)", painting about the discussion about the face-covering clothing, showing Austrian chancellor
462:
4829:
4246:
3885:
3070:
703:
4797:
3054:
3029:
3004:
1972:
1584:
526:
4180:
3354:
1534:
3089:
3087:
4944:
4261:
4160:
4016:
546:
3919:"Austrian President calls on all women to wear headscarves in solidarity with Muslims to fight 'rampant Islamophobia'"
3084:
1993:
arguing that it discriminated against Muslim women who wore religious face veils. Among the opponents of the law were
4949:
4859:
4657:
3989:
3961:
3649:
2731:
1030:
4095:
3416:
1683:
is the largest minority religion in the country, practiced by 7.9% of the total population in 2016 according to the
4484:
2370:
1903:
In late 1942 Muslims in Vienna headed by the student Muhidin Hećimović established a religious organization called
2599:, the two most impactful sources of anti-Muslim sentiment in Austria are the tabloid, Neue Kronenzeitung, and the
4904:
4414:
4297:
2995:
Dautović, Rijad (2019). "40 Jahre seit Wiederherstellung der IRG-Wien". In Dautović, Rijad; Hafez, Farid (eds.).
2954:
1285:
1130:
111:
4755:
4734:
4694:
4348:
1654:
1205:
4014:
Abid, Lise Jamila (August 2006). "Muslims in Austria: Integration through Participation in Austrian Society".
4175:
4120:
2687:
2674:
1886:
1559:
4699:
4689:
4650:
4165:
4150:
2197:
Almost 216,345 Austrian Muslims (38%) live in the capital, Vienna. Roughly 30% of Muslims live in northern
1684:
1225:
1065:
2411:
There is only one interpretation of the Koran (the Bible) and all Muslims (Christians) must adhere to it.
4934:
4609:
4434:
4338:
1482:
1300:
373:
234:
4083:
Radical Islam in Europe: Austrian government study concludes 45 % of Muslims unwilling to integrate
4939:
4459:
3391:
1827:
1230:
843:
561:
163:
3071:"Anerkennung der Anhänger der Islamischen Alevitischen Glaubensgemeinschaft als Religionsgesellschaft"
2015:
4974:
4969:
4924:
4884:
4814:
4790:
4619:
4292:
4231:
1647:
1594:
1539:
1529:
1492:
2028:
4834:
4539:
4534:
4113:
2600:
1997:
1604:
1405:
1400:
975:
224:
132:
4096:
Census 2001: Population 2001 according to religious affiliation, languages, origin and nationality
4899:
4874:
4864:
4849:
4824:
4819:
4681:
4256:
4221:
4216:
2024:
1878:
666:
3809:
4929:
4914:
4909:
4889:
4869:
4854:
4839:
4504:
4226:
4089:
4079:
Perspektiven und Herausforderungen in der Integration muslimischer MitbĂĽrgerInnen in Ă–sterreich
1574:
1365:
1145:
601:
219:
4919:
4894:
4879:
4844:
2820:
2009:
2001:
1983:
1870:
1832:
1058:
1025:
985:
728:
718:
506:
3373:"European Court of Human Rights upholds Belgium's ban on burqas and full-face Islamic veils"
4783:
4763:
4594:
4307:
3626:
3276:
2329:
1994:
1956:
1839:(religious societies). The largest number of Muslims came under Austrian control after the
1579:
1472:
1210:
1140:
1075:
903:
898:
788:
733:
606:
536:
229:
4709:
8:
4729:
4724:
4673:
4529:
4514:
4399:
4287:
4241:
4078:
3138:
1442:
1395:
1375:
1115:
1035:
1010:
915:
888:
838:
808:
798:
713:
673:
646:
631:
586:
521:
433:
291:
168:
59:
693:
4509:
4251:
4066:
4033:
3331:
3164:
2702:
2507:
1524:
1435:
1370:
1240:
1185:
1155:
1070:
995:
990:
970:
858:
848:
651:
403:
4082:
2422:
The rules of the Koran (the Bible) are more important to me than the laws of Austria.
4624:
4579:
4574:
4554:
4419:
4312:
4081:, Mathias Rohe, Universität Erlangen. May 2006 (summary by MilitantIslamMonitor.Org:
4070:
4037:
3985:
3957:
3673:
3424:
3192:
3050:
3025:
3000:
2198:
1968:
1569:
1554:
1497:
1457:
1452:
1420:
1290:
1220:
1195:
1170:
1125:
1110:
1080:
1015:
965:
945:
940:
935:
823:
768:
743:
576:
571:
551:
516:
501:
438:
423:
301:
153:
2474:
Western countries want to destroy Islam. (Muslims want to destroy Western culture.)
2201:
outside of Vienna and an equal number (30%) live in the southern states of Austria.
4614:
4604:
4559:
4524:
4479:
4474:
4464:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4424:
4409:
4404:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4058:
4025:
2697:
2692:
2540:
2052:
1712:
1619:
1517:
1487:
1477:
1425:
1385:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1325:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1295:
1280:
1275:
1265:
1260:
1235:
1175:
1150:
1135:
1090:
1040:
950:
925:
803:
793:
753:
723:
708:
688:
678:
661:
656:
621:
616:
566:
511:
486:
454:
428:
408:
393:
388:
383:
378:
368:
363:
358:
337:
332:
327:
244:
209:
204:
106:
4599:
4589:
4569:
4564:
4549:
4544:
4499:
4494:
4469:
4454:
4429:
4328:
4236:
4136:
3979:
3951:
3923:
3711:"Refworld | Continuing Human Rights Abuses Force Chechens to Flee to Europe"
3220:
2804:
2310:
2190:
that 573,876 Muslims lived in Austria in 2012, making up 6.8% of the population.
2048:
1716:
1614:
1467:
1447:
1430:
1415:
1410:
1390:
1360:
1355:
1330:
1320:
1253:
1190:
1180:
1160:
1100:
1095:
1085:
1020:
1005:
910:
883:
873:
833:
818:
813:
763:
758:
698:
636:
596:
491:
479:
418:
413:
398:
270:
239:
214:
199:
173:
158:
85:
64:
36:
4062:
3710:
3653:
3096:"Austria is taking controversial steps to tighten a 100-year-old 'Law on Islam'"
4629:
4584:
4519:
4489:
4363:
4333:
3304:
3247:
2226:
2036:
2020:
1986:
1964:
1847:
1700:
1609:
1599:
1589:
1502:
1462:
1380:
1350:
1165:
1105:
1045:
1000:
980:
955:
930:
893:
878:
853:
828:
738:
683:
626:
611:
591:
581:
556:
496:
306:
296:
265:
4029:
2636:
1928:(Community of Muslim believers in Austria) was organized in accordance to the
1823:
4963:
3520:"Austria's Muslims twice as likely as non-Muslims to hold anti-Semitic views"
3428:
2642:
2607:
2039:
announced that Austria would close seven mosques and deport 40 imams paid by
1960:
1933:
1549:
1544:
1200:
1120:
960:
920:
868:
863:
781:
748:
641:
531:
3115:(in German). Legal Information System of the Republic of Austria. 2016-06-08
3073:(in German). Legal Information System of the Republic of Austria. 2013-05-22
1850:
students in Vienna established the first Muslim association in Austria, the
4358:
3501:
2654:
2624:
2611:
2063:
1990:
1939:
In 2013, Austria granted the status of a recognized religious community to
1920:
1637:
4775:
4282:
4190:
3327:"Austrian Ban on Full-Face Veil in Public Places Comes into Force Sunday"
2668:
2648:
2502:
On 9 November 2020, Austrian authorities undertook police action against
2400:
Muslims (Christians) should return to the roots of Islam (Christianity).
2005:
1874:
1696:
3272:"Austria just slapped a burqa ban on the 150 women who dare to wear one"
3216:"Austrian face veil ban comes into force under new 'integration' policy"
2904:
Dautović, Rijad (2019). ""Islamitisch akademischer Verein 'Zvijezda'"".
2885:
Dautović, Rijad (2019). ""Islamitisch akademischer Verein 'Zvijezda'"".
2866:
Dautović, Rijad (2019). ""Islamitisch akademischer Verein 'Zvijezda'"".
1856:
Verein der fortschrittlichen islamitischen akademischen Jugend „Svijest"
4195:
4155:
2298:
2209:
The majority of Austrian Muslims have a Turkish or Bosniak background.
1955:
German. It also gives Muslims additional rights, such as the rights to
1897:
1708:
29:
4642:
1967:, said the changes were intended to "clearly combat" the influence of
3538:"Dokumentationsstelle für politischen Islam: DÖW grundsätzlich dafür"
2059:
and radicalisation were stated to have no place in Austrian society.
1891:
3686:"Österreich - Ausländer nach Staatsangehörigkeiten 2018 - Statistik"
1860:
Aktionskomitee zur Erlangung der Anerkennung des Islam in Ă–sterreich
4185:
2707:
2286:
2238:
2056:
4105:
3417:"Austria Closes 7 Mosques and Seeks to Expel Imams Paid by Turkey"
1918:
Substantive Muslim immigration to Austria began in the 1960s when
2262:
2044:
1692:
1679:
468:
2583:
3451:
2545:
2040:
1704:
1699:
denomination. Most Muslims came to Austria during the 1960s as
1688:
3810:"GroĂźrazzia gegen Muslimbruderschaft und Hamas in Ă–sterreich"
3134:"Wie Ă–sterreichs Islamgesetz die deutsche Debatte befruchtet"
3049:. Vienna, Hamburg: new academic press. pp. 101 and 102.
2999:. Vienna, Hamburg: new academic press. pp. 104 and 105.
2727:
2662:
2588:
2503:
2274:
2250:
1940:
1675:
3477:"Regierung plant Dokumentationsstelle fĂĽr politischen Islam"
2062:
In October 2018, Austria banned headscarves for children in
3904:"Umfrage: Hohe Werte fĂĽr politische Toleranz in Ă–sterreich"
3730:"Sind Muslime wirklich gut in den Arbeitsmarkt integriert?"
3300:"Austrian police force Muslim women to remove their burqas"
3242:
2728:"Muslim Population Growth in Europe Pew Research Center"
2485:
Percentage of people who agree with all three statements.
2433:
Percentage of people who agree with all three statements.
3024:. Vienna, Hamburg: new academic press. pp. 106–109.
1975:, Aiman Mazyek, called the law "positive and productive (
3796:"Kurz legt Erdogan-Anhängern Verlassen Österreichs nahe"
2658:
2008:, and Austrian Islamic Religious Authority spokeswoman
1877:, only a few Muslims remained in the border of the new
2751:"Zahl der Muslime in Ă–sterreich seit 2001 verdoppelt"
1924:
from Yugoslavia and Turkey moved to the country. The
1841:
Austro-Hungarian occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
3886:"What Do Europeans Think About Muslim Immigration?"
3782:"Türken in Österreich wählen zu 70 Prozent Erdogan"
3502:"Fundamentalismus-Studie: Hohe Werte in Ă–sterreich"
3452:"Kopftuchverbot fĂĽr VolksschĂĽler: "PrĂĽfen derzeit""
3160:"Austria face veil ban 'criminalises Muslim women'"
1963:in the military. The minister for Foreign Affairs,
1828:
Ottoman conquest of the Medieval kingdom of Hungary
3613:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3605:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2757:
2385:Percentage of people who agree with the statement
3768:"Die Muslimen-Studie von Bertelsmann ist haltlos"
3619:"Muslims in Europe: Integrated but not accepted?"
3355:"France's burqa ban upheld by human rights court"
2361:
4961:
3977:
3844:
3842:
3833:
3749:"Bertelsmann Studie zu Muslimen hat ihre TĂĽcken"
3592:
3590:
3577:
3575:
3188:"Austrian police force Muslims to remove burkas"
2982:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2921:
2919:
2838:
2815:
2813:
2559:(Community of Muslim believers in Austria). The
4092:From: Herder Korrespondenz, 2006/4, P. 200-2004
4046:
3602:
3243:"Austrian full-face veil ban comes into effect"
2849:
2847:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2781:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2573:Föderation der Aleviten Gemeinden in Österreich
1885:was set up by Zeki Aly, Mohammed Ali Binni and
2575:(Federation of Alevi Communities in Austria).
2452:I do not want to have homosexuals as friends.
4791:
4658:
4121:
3839:
3650:"Andreas Mölzer MdEP: Die Ortstafel-Groteske"
3587:
3572:
2971:
2916:
2810:
2651:, state secretary in the Federal Chancellery.
2557:Islamische Glaubensgemeinschaft in Ă–sterreich
1926:Islamische Glaubensgemeinschaft in Ă–sterreich
1655:
2844:
2827:
2738:
2571:(Muslim Alevi Community in Austria) and the
4805:
3446:
3444:
3093:
2569:Islamische Alevitische Glaubensgemeinschaft
2535:
1913:Moslemische religiöse Gemeinschaft Salzburg
1881:. In 1932 a private association called the
4798:
4784:
4665:
4651:
4128:
4114:
1852:Islamitisch akademischer Verein „Zvijezda"
1662:
1648:
4212:Reception of Islam in early modern Europe
3153:
3151:
3149:
2497:
1728:Muslim population in Austria by the year:
4090:Unique Legal Status - Muslims in Austria
4077:Study for Bundesministerium des Innern:
3441:
3044:
3019:
2994:
2903:
2884:
2865:
2582:
2539:
2014:
1936:also moved to Austria during the 1990s.
28:
4672:
4354:Hijab and burka controversies in Europe
4344:Liberal and progressive Islam in Europe
3981:Yearbook of Muslims in Europe, Volume 6
3953:Yearbook of Muslims in Europe, Volume 7
3916:
3746:
3389:
3297:
3185:
2526:
1871:collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire
14:
4962:
4247:Islamization of Bosnia and Herzegovina
3727:
3269:
3213:
3157:
3146:
1741:
4779:
4646:
4109:
3949:
3872:
3860:
3848:
3596:
3581:
3566:
3554:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3490:
2925:
2853:
2077:
1973:Central Council of Muslims in Germany
1932:in 1979. Many Muslim refugees of the
4181:Medieval Christian views on Muhammad
4013:
2796:Ă–sterreichischer Integrationsfonds:
4135:
3747:Hanfeld, Michael (September 2017).
3728:Kamann, Matthias (25 August 2017).
2937:
2645:, journalist, traveler, and writer.
2047:organisation as measures to thwart
42:by percentage of country population
24:
4262:Orientalism in early modern France
4017:Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs
4007:
3487:
2630:
1979:) for the discussion in Germany".
1736:
25:
4986:
3917:Dearden, Lizzie (28 April 2017).
3765:
3298:Nianias, Helen (2 October 2017).
3186:Nianias, Helen (2 October 2017).
3094:Elahe Izadi (February 26, 2015),
2578:
1896:Ehrenfels, being a critic of the
4708:
3270:Mohdin, Aamna (1 October 2017).
2953:(1 and 2): 12–15. Archived from
2371:WZB Berlin Social Science Center
1711:. There are also communities of
1631:
1216:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
542:Democratic Republic of the Congo
461:
4303:Nazi Germany and the Arab world
4298:Partition of the Ottoman Empire
3910:
3896:
3878:
3866:
3854:
3827:
3802:
3788:
3774:
3759:
3740:
3721:
3703:
3678:
3667:
3642:
3560:
3548:
3530:
3512:
3469:
3409:
3392:"Österrike stänger sju moskéer"
3383:
3365:
3347:
3319:
3291:
3263:
3235:
3207:
3179:
3158:Tahhan, Zena (2 October 2017).
3126:
3105:
3063:
3038:
3013:
2988:
2931:
2897:
2184:
1909:Islamische Gemeinschaft zu Wien
4756:Freedom of religion in Austria
4349:Religion in the European Union
3214:Bulman, May (1 October 2017).
2878:
2859:
2720:
2362:Religiosity and fundamentalism
2347:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
1816:2012 data, 2016 estimated data
1814:1971, 1981, 1991 and 2001 data
13:
1:
4176:Norman-Arab-Byzantine culture
2940:"Islamischer Kulturbund Wien"
2713:
2688:Baron Omar Rolf von Ehrenfels
2675:Baron Omar Rolf von Ehrenfels
2617:
2544:Mosque and Islamic centre in
2328:An August 2017 survey by the
2027:and a little Muslim child by
1887:Baron Omar Rolf von Ehrenfels
4166:Transmission of the Classics
3834:Çakır & Schmidinger 2014
3458:(in German). 25 October 2018
2983:Çakır & Schmidinger 2014
2839:Çakır & Schmidinger 2014
2807:(retrieved 17 December 2011)
2730:. 2024-07-10. Archived from
2204:
1685:Austrian Academy of Sciences
7:
4063:10.1080/0261928042000244826
3390:Nyheter, SVT (2018-06-08).
2681:
2335:
2323:
2314:
2302:
2290:
2278:
2266:
2254:
2242:
2230:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2107:
2104:
2101:
1905:Islamische Gemeinde zu Wien
10:
4991:
3942:
3483:(in German). 3 March 2019.
2514:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
1971:in Austria. The leader of
1722:
4811:
4748:
4717:
4706:
4680:
4372:
4321:
4270:
4204:
4143:
4050:Immigrants and Minorities
4030:10.1080/13602000600937770
3630:. August 2017. p. 12
2384:
1946:In February, 2015, a new
1813:
1754:—
2906:Wiener Geschichtsblätter
2887:Wiener Geschichtsblätter
2868:Wiener Geschichtsblätter
2601:Freedom Party of Austria
2536:Religious infrastructure
2463:You can not trust Jews.
1998:Alexander Van der Bellen
1585:Northern Mariana Islands
527:Central African Republic
4806:Islamophobia by country
4682:Christianity in Austria
4257:Islamization of Albania
4222:Anglo-Moroccan alliance
4217:Protestantism and Islam
4161:Islam in southern Italy
2665:as Tarek Farid Hussain.
2521:Tag der offenen Moschee
2025:Heinz-Christian Strache
2004:senior research fellow
1879:First Austrian Republic
1837:Religionsgesellschaften
1535:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
18:Islamophobia in Austria
4830:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4415:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4278:Islam in the Far North
4227:Ottoman wars in Europe
2592:
2565:Bundesjugendvertretung
2549:
2498:2020 raid on Islamists
2341:newspapers, including
2094:% of total population
2051:. In the announcement
2032:
2029:Matthias Laurenz Gräff
1883:Islamischer Kulturbund
1286:Bosnia and Herzegovina
448:
112:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4232:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
4171:Cultural transmission
3524:www.timesofisrael.com
2765:"Islam in Ă–sterreich"
2597:Rassismus Report 2014
2586:
2543:
2018:
2010:Carla Amina Baghajati
2002:Georgetown University
1866:(Islam Law) in 1912.
1833:Treaty of Passarowitz
1206:Saint Kitts and Nevis
704:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
547:Republic of the Congo
32:
4764:Call to Disobedience
4308:Islam and secularism
4151:Conquest of Hispania
4102:, Statistik Austria.
3627:Bertelsmann Stiftung
2561:Glaubensgemeinschaft
2527:Education and income
2330:Bertelsmann Stiftung
2035:In 2018, chancellor
1031:United Arab Emirates
467:World percentage of
4695:Old Catholic Church
4674:Religion in Austria
4322:Contemporary issues
4288:Islam and modernity
4242:Barbary slave trade
3508:. 12 December 2013.
3142:, February 25, 2015
3139:Suddeutsche Zeitung
3100:The Washington Post
2378:
1729:
1226:Trinidad and Tobago
1066:Antigua and Barbuda
4252:Russo-Turkish wars
3892:. 7 February 2017.
3766:KnauĂź, Ferdinand.
3421:The New York Times
3332:Morocco World News
3165:Al Jazeera English
3113:"Islamgesetz 2015"
2938:Aly, Zaki (1933).
2803:2014-03-04 at the
2703:Syrians in Austria
2627:" in the country.
2593:
2550:
2508:Muslim Brotherhood
2377:
2088:Muslim population
2078:Population by year
2053:parallel societies
2033:
2023:, vice chancellor
1727:
1687:. The majority of
1131:Dominican Republic
449:
4957:
4956:
4773:
4772:
4700:Eastern Orthodoxy
4690:Roman Catholicism
4640:
4639:
4339:Islamic terrorism
4313:Islamic democracy
4293:Islam in the USSR
3674:Bosnian Austrians
3193:Irish Independent
3056:978-3-7003-2172-9
3031:978-3-7003-2172-9
3006:978-3-7003-2172-9
2947:Moslemische Revue
2777:on March 4, 2014.
2595:According to the
2495:
2494:
2321:
2320:
2182:
2181:
2091:Total population
1969:Islamic extremism
1820:
1819:
1672:
1671:
562:Equatorial Guinea
447:
446:
16:(Redirected from
4982:
4975:Islam by country
4970:Islam in Austria
4800:
4793:
4786:
4777:
4776:
4712:
4667:
4660:
4653:
4644:
4643:
4620:Northern Ireland
4130:
4123:
4116:
4107:
4106:
4101:
4074:
4057:(2–3): 188–207.
4041:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3974:
3972:
3970:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3931:
3914:
3908:
3907:
3900:
3894:
3893:
3882:
3876:
3870:
3864:
3858:
3852:
3846:
3837:
3831:
3825:
3824:
3822:
3821:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3778:
3772:
3771:
3763:
3757:
3756:
3744:
3738:
3737:
3725:
3719:
3718:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3696:
3682:
3676:
3671:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3661:
3652:. Archived from
3646:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3623:
3615:
3600:
3594:
3585:
3579:
3570:
3569:, pp. 50–51
3564:
3558:
3552:
3546:
3545:
3544:. March 4, 2019.
3534:
3528:
3527:
3516:
3510:
3509:
3498:
3485:
3484:
3473:
3467:
3466:
3464:
3463:
3448:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3403:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3369:
3363:
3362:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3335:. 1 October 2017
3323:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3312:
3295:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3284:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3251:. 1 October 2017
3239:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3200:
3183:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3172:
3155:
3144:
3143:
3130:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3091:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3017:
3011:
3010:
2992:
2986:
2980:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2959:
2944:
2935:
2929:
2923:
2914:
2913:
2901:
2895:
2894:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2842:
2836:
2825:
2824:
2821:"DerStandard.at"
2817:
2808:
2794:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2770:. Archived from
2769:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2753:. 4 August 2017.
2747:
2736:
2735:
2724:
2698:Turks in Austria
2693:Arabs in Austria
2379:
2376:
2351:Wirtschaftswoche
2212:
2211:
2082:
2081:
1952:
1951:
1900:, fled Austria.
1743:
1738:
1730:
1726:
1664:
1657:
1650:
1638:Islam portal
1636:
1635:
1634:
1595:Papua New Guinea
1560:Marshall Islands
1530:Christmas Island
1493:Northern Ireland
465:
455:Islam by country
451:
450:
350:
319:
283:
257:
186:
145:
124:
98:
77:
51:
45:
44:
40:
21:
4990:
4989:
4985:
4984:
4983:
4981:
4980:
4979:
4960:
4959:
4958:
4953:
4807:
4804:
4774:
4769:
4744:
4718:Other religions
4713:
4704:
4676:
4671:
4641:
4636:
4540:North Macedonia
4368:
4329:Islam in Europe
4317:
4266:
4237:Barbary pirates
4200:
4139:
4137:Islam in Europe
4134:
4099:
4010:
4008:Further reading
4005:
3996:
3994:
3992:
3968:
3966:
3964:
3945:
3940:
3939:
3929:
3927:
3924:The Independent
3915:
3911:
3906:. Der Standard.
3902:
3901:
3897:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3871:
3867:
3859:
3855:
3847:
3840:
3832:
3828:
3819:
3817:
3808:
3807:
3803:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3780:
3779:
3775:
3764:
3760:
3745:
3741:
3726:
3722:
3709:
3708:
3704:
3694:
3692:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3672:
3668:
3659:
3657:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3633:
3631:
3621:
3617:
3616:
3603:
3595:
3588:
3580:
3573:
3565:
3561:
3553:
3549:
3536:
3535:
3531:
3518:
3517:
3513:
3500:
3499:
3488:
3475:
3474:
3470:
3461:
3459:
3450:
3449:
3442:
3433:
3431:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3401:
3399:
3388:
3384:
3379:. 11 July 2017.
3371:
3370:
3366:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3338:
3336:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3310:
3308:
3296:
3292:
3282:
3280:
3268:
3264:
3254:
3252:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3226:
3224:
3221:The Independent
3212:
3208:
3198:
3196:
3184:
3180:
3170:
3168:
3156:
3147:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3118:
3116:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3092:
3085:
3076:
3074:
3069:
3068:
3064:
3057:
3043:
3039:
3032:
3018:
3014:
3007:
2993:
2989:
2981:
2972:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2942:
2936:
2932:
2924:
2917:
2902:
2898:
2883:
2879:
2864:
2860:
2852:
2845:
2837:
2828:
2819:
2818:
2811:
2805:Wayback Machine
2795:
2782:
2774:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2758:
2749:
2748:
2739:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2716:
2684:
2661:doctor, hid in
2633:
2631:Notable Muslims
2620:
2581:
2538:
2529:
2517:
2500:
2364:
2338:
2326:
2207:
2187:
2080:
2068:religionsmĂĽndig
2049:political Islam
1949:
1948:
1815:
1725:
1701:migrant workers
1668:
1632:
1630:
1625:
1624:
1605:Solomon Islands
1520:
1510:
1509:
1406:North Macedonia
1256:
1246:
1245:
1061:
1051:
1050:
784:
774:
773:
482:
472:
443:
352:
348:
342:
321:
317:
311:
285:
281:
275:
259:
255:
249:
188:
184:
178:
147:
143:
137:
133:North Macedonia
126:
122:
116:
100:
96:
90:
79:
75:
69:
53:
49:
43:
41:
37:Islam in Europe
34:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4988:
4978:
4977:
4972:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4947:
4945:United Kingdom
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4809:
4808:
4803:
4802:
4795:
4788:
4780:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4759:
4758:
4752:
4750:
4746:
4745:
4743:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4721:
4719:
4715:
4714:
4707:
4705:
4703:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4686:
4684:
4678:
4677:
4670:
4669:
4662:
4655:
4647:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4633:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4610:United Kingdom
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4435:Czech Republic
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4376:
4374:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4366:
4364:Jihadi tourism
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4334:European Islam
4331:
4325:
4323:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4274:
4272:
4268:
4267:
4265:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4208:
4206:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4147:
4145:
4141:
4140:
4133:
4132:
4125:
4118:
4110:
4104:
4103:
4093:
4088:Anna Strobel:
4086:
4075:
4043:
4042:
4024:(2): 263–278.
4009:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3990:
3975:
3962:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3909:
3895:
3877:
3865:
3853:
3838:
3826:
3801:
3787:
3773:
3758:
3739:
3720:
3702:
3677:
3666:
3641:
3601:
3586:
3571:
3559:
3547:
3529:
3511:
3486:
3468:
3440:
3423:. 2018-06-08.
3408:
3382:
3364:
3361:. 1 July 2014.
3346:
3318:
3305:Brisbane Times
3290:
3262:
3248:Deutsche Welle
3234:
3206:
3178:
3145:
3125:
3104:
3083:
3062:
3055:
3037:
3030:
3012:
3005:
2987:
2970:
2930:
2915:
2896:
2877:
2858:
2843:
2826:
2809:
2780:
2756:
2737:
2734:on 2024-07-10.
2718:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2678:
2672:
2666:
2652:
2646:
2640:
2632:
2629:
2619:
2616:
2580:
2579:Discrimination
2577:
2537:
2534:
2528:
2525:
2516:
2513:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2471:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2430:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2383:
2363:
2360:
2337:
2334:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2206:
2203:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2166:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2096:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2079:
2076:
2037:Sebastian Kurz
2021:Sebastian Kurz
1987:Christian Kern
1965:Sebastian Kurz
1848:Bosnian Muslim
1818:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1756:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1724:
1721:
1695:belong to the
1670:
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1483:United Kingdom
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721:
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667:Western Sahara
659:
654:
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629:
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619:
614:
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374:Czech Republic
371:
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56:
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33:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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4950:United States
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4505:Liechtenstein
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3993:
3991:9789004283053
3987:
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3963:9789004308909
3959:
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3899:
3891:
3890:Chatham House
3887:
3881:
3874:
3869:
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3857:
3850:
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3814:tagesschau.de
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3670:
3656:on 2012-07-22
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3481:diepresse.com
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3016:
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2975:
2960:on 2021-10-28
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2670:
2667:
2664:
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2647:
2644:
2643:Muhammad Asad
2641:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2628:
2626:
2615:
2613:
2609:
2608:Chatham House
2604:
2602:
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2240:
2237:
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2210:
2202:
2200:
2195:
2191:
2168:
2167:
2154:
2153:
2140:
2139:
2126:
2125:
2112:
2111:
2098:
2097:
2083:
2075:
2071:
2069:
2065:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2013:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1985:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1961:pastoral care
1958:
1953:
1944:
1942:
1937:
1935:
1934:Yugoslav Wars
1931:
1927:
1923:
1922:
1916:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1899:
1895:
1893:
1888:
1884:
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1601:
1598:
1596:
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1591:
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1586:
1583:
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1578:
1576:
1575:New Caledonia
1573:
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1548:
1546:
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1522:
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1514:
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1504:
1501:
1499:
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1471:
1469:
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1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1366:Liechtenstein
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1250:
1249:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1231:United States
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1146:French Guiana
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1055:
1054:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
905:
902:
900:
897:
896:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
786:
783:
778:
777:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
668:
665:
664:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
602:Guinea-Bissau
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
484:
481:
476:
475:
470:
464:
460:
459:
456:
453:
452:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
356:
354:
351: < 1%
346:
345:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
325:
323:
315:
314:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
289:
287:
279:
278:
272:
269:
267:
264:
263:
261:
253:
252:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
220:Liechtenstein
218:
216:
213:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
192:
190:
182:
181:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
151:
149:
141:
140:
134:
131:
130:
128:
120:
119:
113:
110:
108:
105:
104:
102:
94:
93:
87:
84:
83:
81:
73:
72:
66:
63:
61:
58:
57:
55:
52: 95–100%
47:
46:
39:
38:
31:
27:
19:
4762:
4739:
4394:
4359:Islamophobia
4205:Early Modern
4054:
4048:
4021:
4015:
3995:. Retrieved
3980:
3969:28 September
3967:. Retrieved
3952:
3928:. Retrieved
3922:
3912:
3898:
3889:
3880:
3875:, p. 41
3868:
3863:, p. 48
3856:
3851:, p. 49
3836:, p. 60
3829:
3818:. Retrieved
3813:
3804:
3798:. July 2016.
3790:
3784:. June 2018.
3776:
3761:
3752:
3742:
3733:
3723:
3714:
3705:
3693:. Retrieved
3689:
3680:
3669:
3658:. Retrieved
3654:the original
3644:
3634:14 September
3632:. Retrieved
3625:
3599:, p. 52
3584:, p. 51
3562:
3557:, p. 50
3550:
3541:
3532:
3526:(in German).
3523:
3514:
3505:
3480:
3471:
3460:. Retrieved
3455:
3432:. Retrieved
3420:
3411:
3400:. Retrieved
3398:(in Swedish)
3395:
3385:
3376:
3367:
3359:The Guardian
3358:
3349:
3337:. Retrieved
3330:
3321:
3309:. Retrieved
3303:
3293:
3281:. Retrieved
3275:
3265:
3253:. Retrieved
3246:
3237:
3225:. Retrieved
3219:
3209:
3197:. Retrieved
3191:
3181:
3169:. Retrieved
3163:
3137:
3128:
3117:. Retrieved
3107:
3099:
3075:. Retrieved
3065:
3046:
3040:
3021:
3015:
2996:
2990:
2985:, p. 46
2962:. Retrieved
2955:the original
2950:
2946:
2933:
2928:, p. 46
2909:
2905:
2899:
2890:
2886:
2880:
2871:
2867:
2861:
2856:, p. 47
2841:, p. 45
2772:the original
2759:
2732:the original
2722:
2677:, journalist
2655:Aribert Heim
2625:Islamophobia
2621:
2612:Der Standard
2605:
2596:
2594:
2587:A Mosque in
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2530:
2520:
2518:
2501:
2368:
2365:
2356:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2339:
2327:
2215:Nationality
2208:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2185:Demographics
2072:
2067:
2064:kindergarten
2061:
2043:through the
2034:
1991:Islamophobic
1981:
1976:
1947:
1945:
1938:
1929:
1925:
1921:Gastarbeiter
1919:
1917:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1902:
1890:
1882:
1868:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1845:
1836:
1821:
1674:
1673:
1540:Cook Islands
1270:
1026:Turkmenistan
986:Saudi Arabia
729:South Africa
719:Sierra Leone
507:Burkina Faso
194:
146: 10–20%
125: 30–35%
99: 50–55%
78: 90–95%
35:
26:
4935:Switzerland
4905:Netherlands
4595:Switzerland
4535:Netherlands
4283:Orientalism
4191:Reconquista
4144:Middle Ages
4100:(in German)
3816:(in German)
3396:SVT Nyheter
3377:Independent
2671:, academic.
2669:Farid Hafez
2649:Muna Duzdar
2639:, historian
2637:Smail Balić
2395:Christians
2382:Statement
2218:Population
2006:Farid Hafez
1977:befruchtend
1950:Islamgesetz
1930:Islamgesetz
1875:World War I
1864:Islamgesetz
1824:Smail Balić
1580:New Zealand
1473:Switzerland
1401:Netherlands
1211:Saint Lucia
1141:El Salvador
976:Philippines
904:South Korea
899:North Korea
789:Afghanistan
734:South Sudan
607:Ivory Coast
230:Switzerland
225:Netherlands
187: 5–10%
4964:Categories
4940:Tajikistan
4530:Montenegro
4515:Luxembourg
4400:Azerbaijan
4373:By country
4196:Tatar yoke
4156:Al-Andalus
3873:Ă–ktem 2015
3861:Ă–ktem 2015
3849:Ă–ktem 2015
3820:2020-11-10
3660:2011-10-16
3597:Ă–ktem 2015
3582:Ă–ktem 2015
3567:Ă–ktem 2015
3555:Ă–ktem 2015
3542:Die Presse
3462:2018-10-28
3434:2018-06-09
3402:2018-06-09
3119:2013-06-08
3077:2013-05-24
2964:2021-03-18
2926:Ă–ktem 2015
2854:Ă–ktem 2015
2714:References
2618:Opposition
2606:In a 2017
2299:Pakistanis
2175:9,000,000
2161:8,464,000
2147:8,042,000
2133:7,755,000
2119:7,569,000
2105:7,500,000
1984:Chancellor
1957:halal food
1898:Nazi Party
1873:following
1869:After the
1822:Historian
1709:Yugoslavia
1565:Micronesia
1443:San Marino
1396:Montenegro
1376:Luxembourg
1116:Costa Rica
1036:Uzbekistan
1011:Tajikistan
916:Kyrgyzstan
889:Kazakhstan
839:East Timor
809:Bangladesh
799:Azerbaijan
714:Seychelles
674:Mozambique
647:Mauritania
632:Madagascar
522:Cape Verde
471:by country
434:San Marino
320: 1–2%
292:Luxembourg
284: 2–4%
258: 4–5%
169:Montenegro
60:Azerbaijan
4925:Sri Lanka
4885:Indonesia
4815:Australia
4510:Lithuania
4071:143680602
4038:145676748
3997:3 October
3984:. BRILL.
3956:. BRILL.
3429:0362-4331
3339:4 October
3311:4 October
3283:4 October
3255:4 October
3227:4 October
3199:4 October
3171:4 October
2205:Ethnicity
1995:President
1892:Anschluss
1843:in 1878.
1525:Australia
1436:Tatarstan
1371:Lithuania
1241:Venezuela
1186:Nicaragua
1156:Guatemala
1071:Argentina
996:Sri Lanka
991:Singapore
971:Palestine
859:Indonesia
849:Hong Kong
652:Mauritius
404:Lithuania
4835:Bulgaria
4730:Hinduism
4725:Buddhism
4625:Scotland
4580:Slovenia
4575:Slovakia
4555:Portugal
4420:Bulgaria
4186:Crusades
3734:Die Welt
3715:Refworld
3695:12 March
3690:Statista
3456:krone.at
2801:Archived
2708:Bosniaks
2682:See also
2392:Muslims
2343:Die Welt
2336:Identity
2324:Branches
2311:Iranians
2287:Chechens
2239:Bosniaks
2172:745,608
2158:570,876
2144:338,988
2130:158,776
2057:Islamism
1846:In 1904
1719:origin.
1555:Kiribati
1498:Scotland
1458:Slovenia
1453:Slovakia
1421:Portugal
1291:Bulgaria
1221:Suriname
1196:Paraguay
1171:Honduras
1126:Dominica
1111:Colombia
1081:Barbados
1059:Americas
1016:Thailand
966:Pakistan
946:Mongolia
941:Maldives
936:Malaysia
824:Cambodia
769:Zimbabwe
744:Tanzania
577:Ethiopia
572:Eswatini
552:Djibouti
517:Cameroon
502:Botswana
439:Slovakia
424:Portugal
302:Slovenia
154:Bulgaria
4900:Myanmar
4875:Iceland
4865:Germany
4860:Georgia
4850:Denmark
4825:Belgium
4820:Austria
4749:Related
4735:Judaism
4615:England
4605:Ukraine
4560:Romania
4525:Moldova
4485:Ireland
4480:Iceland
4475:Hungary
4465:Germany
4460:Georgia
4450:Finland
4445:Estonia
4440:Denmark
4425:Croatia
4410:Belgium
4405:Belarus
4395:Austria
4390:Armenia
4385:Andorra
4380:Albania
3943:Sources
3930:14 June
3753:Faz.net
2515:Culture
2263:Afghans
2255:100,000
2243:120,000
2231:400,000
2116:76,939
2102:22,267
2045:Diyanet
1941:Alevism
1806:700,000
1795:573,876
1787:+113.5%
1784:338,988
1776:+106.4%
1773:158,776
1765:+245.5%
1723:History
1693:Austria
1689:Muslims
1680:Austria
1620:Vanuatu
1518:Oceania
1488:England
1478:Ukraine
1426:Romania
1386:Moldova
1346:Ireland
1341:Iceland
1336:Hungary
1326:Germany
1316:Finland
1311:Estonia
1306:Denmark
1301:Czechia
1296:Croatia
1281:Belgium
1276:Belarus
1271:Austria
1266:Andorra
1261:Albania
1236:Uruguay
1176:Jamaica
1151:Grenada
1136:Ecuador
1091:Bolivia
1076:Bahamas
1041:Vietnam
951:Myanmar
926:Lebanon
844:Georgia
804:Bahrain
794:Armenia
754:Tunisia
724:Somalia
709:Senegal
694:RĂ©union
689:Nigeria
679:Namibia
662:Morocco
657:Mayotte
622:Liberia
617:Lesotho
567:Eritrea
537:Comoros
512:Burundi
487:Algeria
469:Muslims
429:Romania
409:Moldova
394:Iceland
389:Hungary
384:Finland
379:Estonia
369:Belarus
364:Armenia
359:Andorra
338:Ukraine
333:Ireland
328:Croatia
245:Denmark
210:Germany
205:Belgium
195:Austria
164:Georgia
107:Albania
4930:Sweden
4915:Poland
4910:Norway
4890:Israel
4870:Greece
4855:France
4840:Canada
4600:Turkey
4590:Sweden
4570:Serbia
4565:Russia
4550:Poland
4545:Norway
4500:Latvia
4495:Kosovo
4470:Greece
4455:France
4430:Cyprus
4271:Modern
4098:(PDF)
4069:
4036:
3988:
3960:
3427:
3277:Quartz
3053:
3028:
3003:
2912:: 408.
2893:: 404.
2874:: 400.
2546:Vienna
2315:12,452
2303:14,000
2291:25,000
2279:26,770
2267:50,720
2164:6.75%
2150:4.22%
2136:2.05%
2122:1.02%
2108:0.30%
2041:Turkey
2031:(2018)
1809:+22.0%
1798:+69.3%
1762:76,939
1751:22,267
1717:Afghan
1705:Turkey
1615:Tuvalu
1468:Sweden
1448:Serbia
1431:Russia
1416:Poland
1411:Norway
1391:Monaco
1361:Latvia
1356:Kosovo
1331:Greece
1321:France
1254:Europe
1191:Panama
1181:Mexico
1161:Guyana
1101:Canada
1096:Brazil
1086:Belize
1021:Turkey
1006:Taiwan
911:Kuwait
884:Jordan
874:Israel
834:Cyprus
819:Brunei
814:Bhutan
764:Zambia
759:Uganda
699:Rwanda
637:Malawi
597:Guinea
587:Gambia
492:Angola
480:Africa
419:Poland
414:Monaco
399:Latvia
349:
318:
282:
271:Serbia
256:
240:Norway
215:Greece
200:Sweden
185:
174:Russia
159:France
144:
123:
97:
86:Kosovo
76:
65:Turkey
50:
4920:Spain
4895:Italy
4880:India
4845:China
4740:Islam
4630:Wales
4585:Spain
4520:Malta
4490:Italy
4067:S2CID
4034:S2CID
3622:(PDF)
2958:(PDF)
2943:(PDF)
2775:(PDF)
2768:(PDF)
2663:Egypt
2589:Telfs
2504:Hamas
2275:Kurds
2251:Arabs
2227:Turks
2221:Year
2199:state
2178:8.3%
2169:2021
2155:2011
2141:2001
2127:1991
2113:1981
2099:1971
2085:Year
1803:2016
1792:2012
1781:2001
1770:1991
1759:1981
1748:1971
1703:from
1697:Sunni
1676:Islam
1610:Tonga
1600:Samoa
1590:Palau
1570:Nauru
1503:Wales
1463:Spain
1381:Malta
1351:Italy
1166:Haiti
1106:Chile
1046:Yemen
1001:Syria
981:Qatar
956:Nepal
931:Macau
894:Korea
879:Japan
854:India
829:China
739:Sudan
684:Niger
627:Libya
612:Kenya
592:Ghana
582:Gabon
557:Egypt
497:Benin
307:Spain
297:Malta
266:Italy
3999:2017
3986:ISBN
3971:2017
3958:ISBN
3932:2017
3697:2018
3636:2017
3425:ISSN
3341:2017
3313:2017
3285:2017
3257:2017
3229:2017
3201:2017
3173:2017
3051:ISBN
3026:ISBN
3001:ISBN
2910:74/4
2891:74/4
2872:74/4
2506:and
2488:43%
2480:25%
2477:66%
2469:11%
2466:63%
2458:15%
2455:69%
2436:55%
2428:13%
2425:73%
2417:18%
2414:79%
2406:27%
2403:65%
1959:and
1737:Pop.
1733:Year
1715:and
1713:Arab
1707:and
1550:Guam
1545:Fiji
1201:Peru
1121:Cuba
961:Oman
921:Laos
869:Iraq
864:Iran
782:Asia
749:Togo
642:Mali
532:Chad
4059:doi
4026:doi
3506:ORF
2798:PDF
2491:3%
2439:4%
2070:).
1691:in
1678:in
4966::
4065:.
4055:22
4053:.
4032:.
4022:26
4020:.
3921:.
3888:.
3841:^
3812:.
3751:.
3732:.
3713:.
3688:.
3624:.
3604:^
3589:^
3574:^
3540:.
3522:.
3504:.
3489:^
3479:.
3454:.
3443:^
3419:.
3394:.
3375:.
3357:.
3329:.
3302:.
3274:.
3245:.
3218:.
3190:.
3162:.
3148:^
3136:,
3098:,
3086:^
2973:^
2949:.
2945:.
2918:^
2908:.
2889:.
2870:.
2846:^
2829:^
2812:^
2783:^
2740:^
2659:SS
2657:,
2603:.
2519:A
2349:,
2345:,
2055:,
2000:,
1943:.
1742:±%
4799:e
4792:t
4785:v
4666:e
4659:t
4652:v
4129:e
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4061::
4040:.
4028::
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3934:.
3823:.
3770:.
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3699:.
3663:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
