5666:
northern border after all that has been expended on
Lebanon, the Israeli public will be outraged.19 This cannot be correct, given the history which is not challenged (even if unreported, for the most part). When it came to be recognized that the rockets still "rain down," the story was modified: "Israel's two military forays into Lebanon were military disasters that failed to provide long-term security for Israel's northern border."20 Security had indeed been at risk, as a result of Israel's unprovoked attacks from 1981, and to a large extent before. The phrase "military disaster" does not refer to the killing of some 20,000 Lebanese and Palestinians in 1982, overwhelmingly civilians, the destruction of much of southern Lebanon and the capital city of Beirut, or the terrible atrocities carried out by Israeli troops through the mid-1980s; rather, to Israel's failure to impose the "new order" it had proclaimed for Lebanon and its inability to maintain its occupation in full because of the casualties caused by unanticipated resistance ("terror"), forcing it back to its "security zone." The actual reasons for the 1982 invasion have never been concealed in Israel, though they are rated "X" here.21 A few weeks after the invasion began, Israel's leading academic specialist on the Palestinians, Yehoshua Porath, pointed out that the decision to invade "flowed from the very fact that the cease-fire had been observed" by the PLO, a "veritable catastrophe" for the Israeli government because it endangered the policy of evading a political settlement. The PLO was gaining respectability thanks to its preference for negotiations over terror. The Israeli government's hope, therefore, was to compel "the stricken PLO" to "return to its earlier terrorism," thus "undercutting the danger" of negotiations. As Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir later stated, Israel went to war because there was "a terrible danger... Not so much a military one as a political one." The invasion was intended to "undermine the position of the moderates within ranks" and thus to block "the PLO 'peace offensive"' and "to halt rise to political respectability" (strategic analyst Avner Yaniv); it should be called "the war to safeguard the occupation of the West Bank," having been motivated by Begin's "fear of the momentum of the peace process," according to Israeli Arabist and former head of military intelligence General Yehoshaphat Harkabi. U.S. backing for Israel's aggression, including the vetoing of Security Council efforts to stop the slaughter, was presumably based on the same reasoning. After its failure to impose the intended "New Order" in Lebanon in 1982, Israel attempted to hold on to as much of Lebanon as possible, though it was forced to withdraw to its "security zone" as resistance caused too many Israeli casualties. Meanwhile Israel conducted violent terror operations, notably the "iron fist" operations of 1985 under the direction of Prime Minister Shimon Peres. These went on through the 1980s.2
7406:: "After Camp David, a new mythology emerged perpetrated by Barak and his foreign minister Shlomo Ben-Ami, with the support of Dennis Ross, Clinton’s secretary of state Madeleine Albright, and to a considerable extent Clinton himself. The mythology holds that at Camp David, Barak made a generous and unprecedented offer to the Palestinians, only to be met by a shocking if not perverse rejection by Arafat who then ordered a violent uprising at just the moment when the chances for peace had never been greater. For example, shortly after the conclusion of Camp David, Ben-Ami gave a long interview with Haaretz, claiming that Arafat did not go to Camp David to reach a compromise settlement but rather treated the negotiations as "a huge camouflage net behind which he sought to undermine the very idea of two states for two nations. . . . Camp David collapsed over the fact that refused to get in the game. They refused to make a counterproposal . . . and didn’t succeed in conveying . . . that at some point the demands would have an end."49 The implied premise of Barak and Ben-Ami was that Arafat thought the Palestinians held all the cards, so that if he held out long enough, he would eventually reach his goal: the destruction of Israel in stages and the takeover of all of historic Palestine. This view became widely accepted in US and Israeli public opinion... This and other Camp David mythologies have been rejected, both at the time and in retrospect, by nearly all scholars and knowledgeable journalists and by most Israeli and US officials who participated in the negotiations. In particular, they were challenged in interviews and memoirs by the leading Israeli negotiators, among them Ron Pundak, Yossi Beilin, Oden Era, Shaul Arieli, Yossi Ginosser, Moshe Amirav, and General Amnon Lipkin-Shahak, chief of staff of the IDF in 1995–1998. As well, the mythologies were strongly—and subsequently, publicly—rejected by Israel’s leading military intelligence officials, including Ami Ayalon, the 2000 head of Shin Bet, and Matti Steinberg, his chief advisor—and by Amos Malka, head of the IDF’s military intelligence bureau, and his second in command, Ephraim Lavie."
9148:"This situation has not substantially changed: In late 2012, the World Bank reported that “access to Gaza remains highly controlled, and only consumer goods and construction material for donor-supervised projects are allowed in. Products from Gaza to the West Bank and Israeli markets.. are prohibited. Only small shipments of certain agricultural and manufactured products are exported to other markets through donor-supported projects. East Jerusalem, which is considered a highly lucrative market, is beyond reach.” The virtual ban on exports from Gaza has not been lifted to this day (August 2014). Israel has claimed security reasons, but since the prohibitions involved such items as furniture destined for PA schools in the West Bank,» citrus fruit to West Bank grocers, and textiles to Israeli companies,” it is difficult not to conclude that the restrictions have little if anything to do with security. Instead, their purpose clearly is to maintain the separation of Gaza and the West Bank. Indeed, Israeli security officials themselves have attribut- ed the export ban “to a political decision to separate Gaza from the West Bank.” The government terms the policy a “political-security” necessity.*° Significantly, “decisions regarding sale of goods from Gaza to the West Bank.. could only be made by the prime minister’s office.””’ Diminution of the Private Sector: Some Statistics Among the consequences of the blockade (worsened by severe economic restrictions and continuing military assaults) is the extreme degradation of Gaza’s private sector and productive base...The Israeli government officially justifies closure as a security measure despite the fact that the Israeli security establishment itself has stated that closure is of limited value against extremist attacks"
5618:, The Lebanese Quagmire: "The real driving force behind Israel's invasion of Lebanon, however, was Ariel Sharon, whose aims were much more ambitious and far-reaching. From his first day at the Defense Ministry, Sharon started planning the invasion of Lebanon. He developed what came to be known as the "big plan" for using Israel's military power to establish political hegemony in the Middle East. The first aim of Sharon's plan was to destroy the PLO's military infrastructure in Lebanon and to undermine it as a political organization. The second aim was to establish a new political order in Lebanon by helping Israel's Maronite friends, headed by Bashir Gemayel, to form a government that would proceed to sign a peace treaty with Israel. For this to be possible, it was necessary, third, to expel the Syrian forces from Lebanon or at least to weaken seriously the Syrian presence there. In Sharon's big plan, the war in Lebanon was intended to transform the situation not only in Lebanon but in the whole Middle East. The destruction of the PLO would break the backbone of Palestinian nationalism and facilitate the absorption of the West Bank into Greater Israel. The resulting influx of Palestinians from Lebanon and the West Bank into Jordan would eventually sweep away the Hashemite monarchy and transform the East Bank into a Palestinian state. Sharon reasoned that Jordan's conversion into a Palestinian state would end international pressures on Israel to withdraw from the West Bank. Begin was not privy to all aspects of Sharon's ambitious geopolitical scenario, but the two men were united by their desire to act against the PLO in Lebanon.15"
6697:: "The real driving force behind Israel’s invasion of Lebanon, however, was Ariel Sharon, whose aims were much more ambitious and far-reaching. From his first day at the Defense Ministry, Sharon started planning the invasion of Lebanon. He developed what came to be known as the “big plan” for using Israel’s military power to establish political hegemony in the Middle East. The first aim of Sharon’s plan was to destroy the PLO’s military infrastructure in Lebanon and to undermine it as a political organization. The second aim was to establish a new political order in Lebanon by helping Israel’s Maronite friends, headed by Bashir Gemayel, to form a government that would proceed to sign a peace treaty with Israel. For this to be possible, it was necessary, third, to expel the Syrian forces from Lebanon or at least to weaken seriously the Syrian presence there. In Sharon’s big plan, the war in Lebanon was intended to transform the situation not only in Lebanon but in the whole Middle East. The destruction of the PLO would break the backbone of Palestinian nationalism and facilitate the absorption of the West Bank into Greater Israel. The resulting influx of Palestinians from Lebanon and the West Bank into Jordan would eventually sweep away the Hashemite monarchy and transform the East Bank into a Palestinian state. Sharon reasoned that Jordan’s conversion into a Palestinian state would end international pressures on Israel to withdraw from the West Bank. Begin was not privy to all aspects of Sharon’s ambitious geopolitical scenario, but the two men were united by their desire to act against the PLO in Lebanon.15"}}
12285:, Military Resistance Comes Undone: "On February 25, 1994, an American Jewish settler named Baruch Goldstein walked into the Ibrahimi Mosque in the West Bank city of Hebron during prayer time. Standing behind the rows of kneeling figures in front of him, Goldstein opened fire. Within minutes, twenty-nine Muslim worshippers had been killed and close to one hundred injured. The atrocity jolted the nascent Israeli-Palestinian bilateral negotiations that had gathered pace in the wake of the First Intifada, prompted by the PLO’s strategic redirection in 1988. Less than six months before the Hebron attack, in September 1993, PLO chairman Yasser Arafat and Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin had awkwardly shaken hands in a widely publicized event on the South Lawn of the White House. The leaders had assembled in the American capital to sign the Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements, popularly known as the Oslo Accords, referring to the capital city where the secretive talks leading to the agreement had taken place. Following the signing, negotiations between Israel and the PLO in the form of a "peace process" were launched.1 Goldstein’s attack served as a reminder of the bloody challenges this process faced. Forty-one days after the shooting, once the time allotted for Muslim ritual mourning had been respected, a member of Hamas approached a bus stop in Afula, a city in northern Israel. Standing next to fellow passengers, the man detonated a suicide vest, killing seven Israelis. This was on April 6, 1994, a day that marked Hamas’s first lethal suicide bombing in Israel."
10595:
that formalizes the network of colonization.1 Under the mantle of security claims, the Jewish state has created in the
Palestinian territories one of the most efficient occupation regimes in history, which is, moreover, also cost-effective, for it is the international community's donor money to the Palestinian Authority that saves the occupier the burden of having to directly administer the territories. This leaves Israel free to cater to its insatiable security needs with draconic measures, such as limiting the Palestinians' freedom of movement, erecting walls that separate communities, dotting roads with checkpoints where innocent people are manhandled, activating sophisticated intelligence mechanisms that control the lives of an ever growing number of suspects, conducting surprise searches of private houses in the middle of the night, and carrying out arbitrary administrative detentions. If this were not enough, vigilantes among the settlers, some known as "the Youth of the Hills," constantly harass Palestinian communities, destroy orchard trees, and arbitrarily apply a "price tag" of punishments to innocent civilians for whatever terrorist attack might have been perpetrated by a Palestinian squad. Underlying this very serious problem of the unpardonable depravity of settlers' extremism is the even more serious problem that has to do with the involvement of the entire Israeli body politic in maintaining and continuously expanding a regime of dominance in the territories. For too long, the peace process has served as a curtain behind which the policy of practical annexation has flourished.
5398:, p. 216: "The disastrous defeat of the Arab states in the 1973 war also played a major role in convincing Arafat of the need for a compromise peace settlement.19 Arafat's decision to start peace negotiations with Israel led to the June 1974 PLO agreement to adopt a new strategy that called for a struggle for "every part of Palestine that is liberated" (emphasis added). Anziska writes that this constituted "an acceptance of a political solution on a limited piece of territory,"20 the first step, however vague, that opened the door for a Palestinian acceptance of a two-state solution...19.In a recent major work, historian Seth Anziska writes that the 1973 war "launched a new phase in the PLO's struggle, oriented toward partition and the acknowledgment of Israel's presence. In the aftermath of the October War, the PLO sought a place within the comprehensive diplomatic negotiations, which required political compromise and the eventual embrace of a state on far less territory than historic Palestine" (Anziska, Preventing Palestine, Kindle 25). Similarly, Bird writes: "By mid-1974 the PLO was rapidly moving away from a strategy of armed struggle and morphing into a political movement seeking international legitimacy" based on a two-state solution (Bird, The Good Spy, Kindle location 2560–75). For similar assessments of the importance of the 1974 PLO program, see Hart, Arafat, 10–11; Weinberger, "The Palestinian National Security Debate"; Nofal, "Yasir Arafat: A Mixed Legacy"; Tessler, A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Kindle 483–84; and Elgindy, Blind Spot, Kindle 88.
5446:, The Camp David Accords "The Camp David Accords were signed in an impressive ceremony in the White House on 17 September 1978. The two accords were entitled "A Framework for Peace in the Middle East" and "A Framework for the Conclusion of a Peace Treaty between Israel and Egypt." The former stated in its preamble, "The agreed basis for a peaceful settlement of the conflict between Israel and its neighbours is UN Security Council Resolution 242 in all its parts." The framework dealt with the West Bank and Gaza and envisaged nothing less than "the resolution of the Palestinian problem in all its aspects." Egypt, Israel, Jordan, and the representatives of the Palestinian people were to participate in the negotiations, which were to proceed in three stages. In the first, the ground rules would be laid for electing a "self-governing authority" for the territories, and the powers of this authority would be defined. In the second stage, once the self-governing authority had been established, a transitional period would begin. Israel's military government and its civilian administration would be withdrawn; Israel's armed forces would also be withdrawn and the remaining forces redeployed into specified security locations. In the third stage, not later than the third year after the beginning of the transitional period, negotiations would take place to determine the final status of the West Bank and Gaza. These negotiations had to recognize "the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people and their just requirements."
4450:, p. 108: "The repression of the revolt had an impact not only on the populace, but also on the Palestinians’ ability to fight thereafter, and on the already fractured capabilities of their national leadership. A high proportion of the Arab casualties included the most experienced military cadres and enterprising fighters.6 By the end of the revolt, most of the top Arab political leaders and thousands of other cadres, militants, and fighters were imprisoned, interned by the British in the Seychelles, in exile, or dead. The British also confiscated large quantities of arms and ammunition from the Arabs during the revolt, and continued to do so during later years.7 By the end of the revolt, existing political divisions within the Palestinian polity had become envenomed, leading to profound rifts between the majority supporting the revolt and a minority that had become alienated from the leadership: the consequence was assassinations, infighting, and further weakening of the Palestinian position. The impact of the revolt on the Palestinian economy was also severe, although some of that damage was self-inflicted, as a boycott of British and Jewish goods and of the mandatory government during the strike and the revolt simply opened up opportunities for the already larger Jewish-controlled sector of the economy of Palestine to expand further."
13848:
Awe," Haaretz (31 December 2010). The broad consensus among human rights organizations was that these police should overwhelmingly be classified as civilians because they did not take a direct part in hostilities and were not members of
Palestinian armed groups. The veracity of Israeli figures could be tested by scrutinizing the "under 16" subclassification. Whereas Israel alleged that 89 Palestinians under age 16 were killed, B'Tselem reported that 252 Palestinians under 16 were killed and that it had "copies of birth certificates and death certificates along with other documents regarding the vast majority of the minors who were killed." For critical analysis of Israeli casualty figures, see Public Committee against Torture in Israel (PCATI), No Second Thoughts: The changes in the Israeli Defense Forces' combat doctrine in light of "Operation Cast Lead" (2009), pp. 9–11. This study showed that Israel abruptly altered the figures it tabulated for Palestinian deaths, and concluded that "the casualty estimates provided by other sources (around 1,400 killed) are more credible than those provided by the IDF Spokesperson." Even the largely apologetic US Department of State 2009 Human Rights Report put the number of dead "at close to 1,400 Palestinians, including more than 1,000 civilians."
12122:, p. 221: "In any event, there was no legitimate security argument at all for the Israeli seizure of Arab East Jerusalem immediately after the 1967 war and for subsequently settling religious fanatics in the West Bank. The real motivating forces for most of the postwar Israeli expansionism into the West Bank and East Jerusalem were clearly "Greater Israel" nationalism and religious messianism. If anything, as many Israeli security experts pointed out at the time, the "need" to defend the settlers was a security liability...Israeli governments have long cited "security" as the reason they need to maintain occupation of Arab territories—but when Israel withdrew from Lebanon and Egyptian territory, the attacks against it ended. It is unlikely that an Israeli withdrawal from the Palestinian territories would have a different result—and if it did, there would be little to prevent Israel from reinvading and occupying those territories. Moreover, in those circumstances repression of any continuing Palestinian violence would have a legitimacy that it currently lacks. For these reasons, Israel has a security problem with the Palestinians only in the same way that colonial powers had “security problems” with nationalist uprisings that eventually forced them to withdraw."
6709:: "The PLO followed the Algiers resolutions with a concerted attempt to project a more moderate image. It made a special effort to gain respectability by dissociating the PLO from terrorism. Arafat issued a series of statements on the subject, which failed to satisfy the United States, so in the end the State Department virtually dictated the text that Arafat read at the opening of his press conference in Geneva on 14 December. “I repeat for the record,” stated Arafat, “that we totally and absolutely renounce all forms of terrorism, including individual, group and state terrorism. Between Geneva and Algiers we have made our position crystal clear.” The statement unconditionally accepted Resolutions 242 and 338 and clearly recognized Israel’s right to exist. All the conditions that Henry Kissinger had laid down in 1975 for dealing with the PLO had now been met. One of the last major foreign policy acts of the outgoing Reagan administration was to recognize the PLO and to open a substantive dialogue with it. This dialogue was conducted by the American ambassador in Tunis. President Reagan stated publicly that the special commitment of the United States to Israel’s security and well-being remained unshakable."}}
2306:
Employment in this sector dropped to 4% by 2010, with an overall unemployment rate of 40% at this time and 80% of the population living on less than 2 dollars a day. Fewer than 40 commercial items were allowed in to the Gaza Strip by 2009, compared to a list of 4,000 items before the start of the blockade. Fuel imports were restricted such that 95% of Gaza's industrial operations were forced to close, with the rest operating far below capacity. In aggregate, 100,000 out of the 120,000 employed in the private sector lost their jobs as a result of the blockade. Most critically for the economy has been the near complete ban on exports from the Gaza Strip. The number of truckloads carrying exports fell to 2% their pre-blockade numbers. Only exports to the
European market were allowed, a far less profitable market for Gazans than Israel and the West Bank. The products approved for export were primarily flowers and strawberries. The first export to the West Bank or Israel did not happen until 2012 and only in very limited quantities: up to four truckloads of furniture manufactured in Gaza were allowed through Israel for an exhibition in Amman.
1766:
11202:, Fateh, the PLO, and the PA: The Palestinian Para-State: "Outside Palestine, meanwhile, live between 4 and 6 million Palestinians (reliable figures are not available). They exist in situations ranging from the utter misery (since 1982) of those in refugee camps in Lebanon,2 to a wide diversity of conditions, some of them quite comfortable, in various other Arab countries, Europe, and the United States. These Palestinians 'of the diaspora' (al-shatat in Arabic) possess a variety of passports, laissez-passers, and refugee documents, some of which are looked upon with great suspicion by certain states, and some of them face harsh restrictions on their movement in consequence. The largest single group of Palestinians of the diaspora, between 2 and 3 million, carry Jordanian passports, and most of them live in Jordan. What unites the overwhelming majority of these 4 to 6 million people is that they or their parents or grandparents were obliged to leave their homes and became refugees in 1948 or afterward, and that they are barred from living in any part of their ancestral homeland, Palestine."
6721:: "To Shamir it was crystal clear, once again, that the PLO had not abandoned the path of terror. For him the PLO had always been and would forever remain a terrorist organization. His response to the momentous changes taking place in the Palestinian camp was a reaffirmation of his previous position: no to withdrawal from the occupied territories, no to recognition of the PLO, no to negotiation with the PLO, no to a Palestinian state. Shamir called the U.S. decision to enter into a dialogue with the PLO a “grave error.” He saw it as a threat to the long-standing American-Israeli collaboration in support of the territorial status quo. “For the PLO,” explained Shamir, “a Palestinian state is a minimum. Therefore, anyone who engages in negotiations with it in effect accepts this principle. What else can one talk about with the PLO, if not about a Palestinian state?” Vice-Premier Peres described the opening of the U.S.-PLO dialogue as “a sad day for all of us.” But he felt that Israel had to come up with its own peace initiative, since it was impossible to preserve the status quo."}}
5434:, THE FIRST MOMENT: BEGIN AND PALESTINIAN AUTONOMY IN 1982: "In addition to their central provision, for a peace treaty between the two countries, the Camp David Accords, agreed upon by Israel and Egypt under the aegis of the United States in 1978, called for negotiations for the establishment of a "Self-Governing Authority" (SGA) for the Arab population of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Jerusalem was to be excluded from its provisions. The accords stipulated "full autonomy for the inhabitants," but crucially, this did not apply to the land, which was to remain under full Israeli control. A bilateral peace treaty based on these accords was signed between Israel and Egypt in 1979, and Israel thereafter began a withdrawal of its forces from the occupied Egyptian Sinai Peninsula, which was completed in the spring of 1982. However, the modalities of the Palestinian-autonomy accords were a continuing source of dispute between the three signatories to the Camp David Accords, as well as with the Palestinians and other Arabs, and in the end they were never implemented."
12073:, Introduction: "Similarly, in this lexicon, "security" is an absolute priority of Israel's, the need for which is invariably described as rooted in genuine, deep-seated existential fears. "Israeli security" therefore takes precedence over virtually everything else, including international law and the human rights of others. It is an endlessly expansive concept that includes a remarkable multitude of things, such as whether pasta or generator parts can be brought into the Gaza Strip, or whether miserably poor Palestinian villagers can be allowed water cisterns.1 By contrast, in spite of the precarious nature of their situation, Palestinians are presumed not to have any significant concerns about their security. This is the case even though nearly half the Palestinian population have lived for more than two generations under a grinding military occupation without the most basic human, civil, or political rights, and the rest have for many decades been dispersed from their ancestral homeland, many of them living under harsh, authoritarian Arab governments."
5569:
political power of the PLO in
Lebanon, to install a friendly regime there, and then, freed from effective Palestinian resistance, to pursue its policy of settlement and annexation of occupied Palestine. With some degree of acquiescence from the USA, Israel invaded Lebanon in June 1982. The invasion culminated in a long siege of the western part of Beirut, mainly inhabited by Muslims and dominated by the PLO. The siege ended with an agreement, negotiated through the US government, by which the PLO would evacuate west Beirut, with guarantees for the safety of Palestinian civilians given by the Lebanese and US governments. At the same time, a presidential election resulted in the military head of the Kata'ib, Bashir Jumayyil, becoming president; he was assassinated soon afterwards and his brother Amin was then elected. The assassination was taken by Israel as an opportunity to occupy west Beirut, and this allowed the Kata'ib to carry out a massacre of Palestinians on a large scale in the refugee camps of Sabra and Shatila.
9005:: "Sharon’s plan was the latest in a long series of measures Israel had taken to separate the Gaza Strip from the West Bank. Although policies of isolation reach back to the 1950s, more contemporary measures began with the “soft quarantining” of Gaza after the signing of the Oslo Accords, including the gradual tightening of border crossings and the construction of barriers to geographically sever the coastal enclave from Israel.9 Sharon’s initiative also reflected a continuation of his use of the pretext of security to unilaterally consolidate Israel’s grip on the territories while avoiding any form of political engagement with the Palestinians.10 This goal was explicitly articulated by Sharon’s top aide, Dov Weisglass, in an interview several months later. “The disengagement is actually formaldehyde,” Weisglass told the Israeli newspaper Haaretz. “It supplies the amount of formaldehyde that is necessary so that there will not be a political process with the Palestinians.”"
3463:, Israeli figures reported the number of Palestinians killed at 1,166 Palestinian, 60 percent were classified as "terrorists" by Israeli officials. This discrepancy is partially due to Israel's classification of Gazan police, who did not take part in hostilities, as combatants. The broad consensus among human rights organizations is that these police were primarily civilians, as they did not actively participate in hostilities nor were they part of armed groups. The accuracy of Israeli casualty figures was further questioned based on the number of children killed. Israel reported 89 Palestinian minors killed, whereas the human rights organization B'Tselem reported 252, substantiating their figures with birth and death certificates and other documents in almost all cases. The Israeli figures also stand out against the figures published by the US Department of State, which reported the number killed "at close to 1,400 Palestinians, including more than 1,000 civilians."
12381:, Chapter 3: "Rather than building the wall on Israeli land or along the 1967 borders, however, the structure snaked through Palestinian territories, unilaterally seizing more than 10 percent of the West Bank, including whole neighborhoods around East Jerusalem as well as major settlement blocs that were integrated into this de facto border. The structure split whole Palestinian villages in half and had an immediate effect on the freedom of movement for Palestinians within the occupied territories. Jewish settlers living illegally within the same land continued to be linked into Israel through exclusive Jewish-only highways and bypass roads. On July 20, 2004, the International Court of Justice issued an advisory opinion ruling that the wall was illegal, to no effect.4 With Israel’s planned disengagement from the Gaza Strip and the construction of advanced "security" infrastructure, Sharon was actively restructuring the framework of Israel’s occupation."
2498:, in violation of international law. Israel seized a significant area further east of the city, eventually creating a barrier of Israeli settlements around the city, isolating Jerusalem's Palestinian population from the West Bank. Israel's policy of constructing sprawling Jewish neighborhoods surrounding the Palestinian sections of the city were aimed at making a repartition of the city almost impossible. In a further effort to change the demography of Jerusalem in favor of a Jewish majority, Israel discouraged Palestinian presence in the city while encouraging Jewish presence, as a matter of policy. Specifically, Israel introduced policies restricting the space available for the construction of Palestinian neighborhoods, delaying or denying building permits and raising housing demolition orders. Tensions in Jerusalem are primarily driven by provocations by Israeli authorities and Jewish extremists against Arabs in the city.
5349:
community converged on a framework for resolving the festering conflict. This framework comprised two elements rooted in fundamental principles of international law. The first called for Israel's full withdrawal from the occupied
Palestinian and other Arab territories in exchange for Palestinian-Arab recognition of Israel. The second called for establishing an independent State of Palestine on the Palestinian territories from which Israel would withdraw, i.e., the West Bank and Gaza, as well as a "just resolution" of the Palestinian refugee question.10 Land for peace and Palestinian self-determination secured through a two-state settlement: these principles for a reasonable if imperfect resolution of the Israel-Palestine conflict were eventually endorsed by an overwhelming consensus at the International Court of Justice (ICJ), in the political organs of the United Nations (UN), and of respected human rights organizations.11
1478:
Israeli military control in 1967. By the late 1970s, Palestinian leadership in the occupied territories and most Arab states supported a two-state settlement. In 1981, Saudi Arabia put forward a plan based on a two-state settlement to the conflict with support from the Arab League. Israeli analyst Avner Yaniv describes Arafat as ready to make a historic compromise at this time, while the
Israeli cabinet continued to oppose the existence of a Palestinian state. Yaniv described Arafat's willingness to compromise as a "peace offensive" which Israel responded to by planning to remove the PLO as a potential negotiating partner in order to evade international diplomatic pressure. Israel would invade Lebanon the following year in an attempt to undermine the PLO as a political organization, weakening Palestinian nationalism and facilitating the annexation of the West Bank into Greater Israel.
2214:. Besides the numerous fatalities, Amnesty said at least 261 Palestinians, including 67 children, had been gravely injured by Israeli use of live ammunition. In this same period, 45 Palestinians, including 6 children had been killed. Amnesty's review of 25 civilians deaths concluded that in no case was there evidence of the Palestinians posing an imminent threat. At the same time, over 8,000 Palestinians suffered serious injuries from other means, including rubber-coated metal bullets. Only one IDF soldier was convicted, killing a Palestinian attempting to enter Israel illegally. The soldier was demoted and given a 1-year sentence with a five-month suspension. The IDF answered the charges stating that its army held itself "to the highest of professional standards", adding that when there was suspicion of wrongdoing, it investigated and took action "where appropriate".
1630:
The disagreement between the two parties at Camp David was primarily on the acceptance (or rejection) of international consensus. For
Palestinian negotiators, the international consensus, as represented by the yearly vote in the UN General Assembly which passes almost unanimously, was the starting point for negotiations. The Israeli negotiators, supported by the American participants, did not accept the international consensus as the basis for a settlement. Both sides eventually accepted the Clinton parameters "with reservations" but the talks at Taba were "called to a halt" by Barak, and the peace process itself came to a stand-still. Ben-Ami, who participated in the talks at Camp David as Israel's foreign minister, would later describe the proposal on the table: "The Clinton parameters... are the best proof that Arafat was right to turn down the summit’s offers".
12448:
definite conclusions.116 Not just the ICJ, however, but also many respected human rights organizations expressed such worries. B'Tselem concluded that the "underlying reason" of the wall's route was "to establish facts on the ground that would perpetuate the existence of settlements and facilitate their future annexation into Israel." Likewise, Human Rights Watch concluded that the "existing and planned route of the barrier appears to be designed chiefly to incorporate and make contiguous with Israel illegal civilian settlements." Likewise, Amnesty
International concluded that Israel was building the wall to "consolidate its control over land which is being used for illegal Israeli settlements," and that "the very expensive and sophisticated structure of the fence/wall indicates that it is likely intended as a permanent structure."117
7174:, pp. 352 "In a letter to President Clinton, who presided over the proceedings, Palestinian representatives stated that their aim was implementation of U.N. Resolution 242 and that "e are willing to accept adjustments of the border between the two countries, on condition that they be equivalent in value and importance." Repeatedly the Palestinian negotiators asked: "Will you accept the June 4border ? Will you accept the principle of the exchange of territories?" The Israeli position was that "e can’t accept the demand for a return to the borders of June 1967as a pre-condition for the negotiation," while Clinton "literally yells," in response to the Palestinian view that "international legitimacy means Israeli retreat to the border of June 4,1967," that "his isn’t the Security Council here. This isn't the U.N. General Assembly.""
2846:, since the erection of the fence, terrorist acts have declined by approximately 90%. The decline in attacks can also be attributed to the permanent presence of Israeli troops inside and around Palestinian cities and increasing security cooperation between the IDF and the Palestinian Authority during this period. The barrier followed a route that ran almost entirely through land occupied by Israel in June 1967, unilaterally seizing more than 10% of the West Bank, including whole neighborhoods and settlement blocs, while splitting Palestinian villages in half with immediate effects on Palestinian's freedom of movement. The barrier, in some areas, isolated farmers from their fields and children from their schools, while also restricting Palestinians from moving within the West Bank or pursuing employment in Israel.
5290:, pp. 63–64, "The Zionists and their supporters rejoiced; the Arab delegations walked out of the plenum after declaring the resolution invalid. The Arabs failed to understand why the international community was awarding the Jews any part of Palestine. Further, as one Palestinian historian later put it, they could not fathom why 37 percent of the population had been given 55 percent of the land (of which they owned only 7 percent). Moreover, the Jews had been given the best agricultural lands (the Coastal Plain and Jezreel and Jordan Valleys) while the Arabs had received the 'bare and hilly' parts, as one Palestinian politician, 'Awni 'Abd al-Hadi, told a Zionist agent.162 More generally, 'the Palestinians failed to see why they should be made to pay for the Holocaust. . . . they failed to see why it was
691:
2241:
was further formalized with the implementation of an
Israeli closure regime in 1991, where Israel began requiring Gazans to obtain permits to exit the Gaza Strip and to enter the West Bank (cancelling the "general exit permit"). By treating the Gaza Strip as a separate entity, Israel has aimed to increase it's control over the West Bank while avoiding a political resolution to the conflict. The lack of territorial contiguity between Gaza and the West Bank and the absence of any "safe passage" explain the success of Israel's policy of separation. Harvard political economist Sara Roy describes the separation policy as motivated by Israeli rejection of territorial compromise, fundamentally undermining Palestinian political and economic cohesion and weakening national unity among Palestinians.
12617:, Chapter 6: "However, none of the rockets had a warhead of the size or lethality of the over 49,000 tank and artillery shells fired by Israel in 2014. The Soviet-designed 122mm Grad or Katyusha rocket commonly used by Hamas and its allies normally carried either a 44- or 66-pound warhead (compared with the 96-pound 155mm shells), although many were fitted with smaller warheads to increase their range. Most of the homemade Qassam rockets that were used had considerably smaller warheads. Together, the 4,000 Qassam, Katyusha, Grad, and other missiles that were fired from the Gaza Strip, and that reached Israel (many were so imprecise and poorly manufactured that they fell short and landed within the strip), would have likely had less explosive power in total than a dozen 2,000-pound bombs."
5630:: "On September 1 an IDF helicopter flew Gemayel to Nahariya, in northern Israel, where he met Begin, who had just been informed of the "Reagan Plan," the new American initiative for Israeli withdrawal from most of the occupied territories in exchange for Arab recognition and peace. By invading Lebanon, Begin had hoped to neutralize Palestinian nationalism and facilitate Israeli annexation, at least de facto, of the West Bank. But the invasion had brought home to the Americans the plight of the Palestinians and the imperative of resolving their problem, with Israeli withdrawal from the West Bank among the necessary preconditions. The Reagan initiative ruled out a final settlement that would involve either Israeli annexation of the territories or full-fledged Palestinian statehood.252"
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5025:, Chapter 1: "IN SPITE OF the sacrifices made—which can be gauged from the very large numbers of Palestinians who were killed, wounded, jailed, or exiled—and the revolt’s momentary success, the consequences for the Palestinians were almost entirely negative. The savage British repression, the death and exile of so many leaders, and the conflict within their ranks left the Palestinians divided, without direction, and with their economy debilitated by the time the revolt was crushed in the summer of 1939. This put the Palestinians in a very weak position to confront the now invigorated Zionist movement, which had gone from strength to strength during the revolt, obtaining lavish amounts of arms and extensive training from the British to help them suppress the uprising."}}
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general principle is that Arab areas are Palestinian and that Jewish areas are Israeli." The holy sites were to be split on the basis that Palestinians would have sovereignty over the Temple Mount/Noble sanctuary, while the Israelis would have sovereignty over the Western Wall. On refugees the plan suggested a number of proposals including financial compensation, the right of return to the Palestinian state, and Israeli acknowledgment of suffering caused to the Palestinians in 1948. Security proposals referred to a "non-militarized" Palestinian state, and an international force for border security. Both sides accepted Clinton's plan and it became the basis for the negotiations at the Taba Peace summit the following January.
2972:, the UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator in the occupied Palestinian territory, explained at the launch of the publication: "Gaza will have half a million more people by 2020 while its economy will grow only slowly. In consequence, the people of Gaza will have an even harder time getting enough drinking water and electricity, or sending their children to school". Gaylard present alongside Jean Gough, of the UN Children's Fund (UNICEF), and Robert Turner, of the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA). The report projects that Gaza's population will increase from 1.6 million people to 2.1 million people in 2020, leading to a density of more than 5,800 people per square kilometre.
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United States and Israel has been in consensus on a framework for resolving the conflict on the basis of international law. Various UN bodies and the ICJ have supported this position; every year, the UN General Assembly votes almost unamimously in favor of a resolution titled "Peaceful Settlement of the Question of Palestine." This resolution consistently affirms the illegality of the Israeli settlements, the annexation of East Jerusalem, and the principle of the inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by war. It also emphasizes the need for an Israeli withdrawal from the Palestinian territory occupied since 1967 and the need for a just resolution to the refugee question on the basis of UN resolution 194.
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Lebanon it incarcerated 15,000 persons, according to the International Committee of the Red Cross. The IDF continued north to Beirut, where it forced the PLO out of Lebanon. Israel claimed self-defense for its invasion, but the lack of PLO attacks into Israel during the previous year made that claim dubious. By invading Lebanon, Israel evidently sought to destroy the extensive Palestinian military and administrative infrastructure in Lebanon19 and, by removing the PLO, to convince the Arabs of the Gaza Strip and West Bank that they would get no help from the PLO.20 In the United States Harold Saunders, a former assistant secretary of state for Near Eastern and South Asian affairs, said that Israel aimed,
5013:, Chapter 1: "Of all the services Britain provided to the Zionist movement before 1939, perhaps the most valuable was the armed suppression of Palestinian resistance in the form of the revolt. The bloody war waged against the country’s majority, which left 10 percent of the adult male Arab population killed, wounded, imprisoned, or exiled,55 was the best illustration of the unvarnished truths uttered by Jabotinsky about the necessity of the use of force for the Zionist project to succeed. To quash the uprising, the British Empire brought in two additional divisions of troops, squadrons of bombers, and all the paraphernalia of repression that it had perfected over many decades of colonial wars."
5505:, The Third Declaration of War: "Nevertheless, after all this and despite an Israeli incursion in 1978—the Litani Operation—which left a swath of south Lebanon under the control of its proxy, the South Lebanese Army, the PLO was still standing. Indeed, it remained the strongest force in large parts of Lebanon, those that were not in the hands of foreign armies or their proxies, including West Beirut, Tripoli, Sidon, the Shouf Mountains, and much of the south. It would take one more military campaign to dislodge the PLO, and in 1982, American Secretary of State General Alexander Haig agreed to Ariel Sharon's plans for Israel to finish off the organization and with it Palestinian nationalism."
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deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law... Although East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights have been brought directly under Israeli law, by acts that amount to annexation, both of these areas continue to be viewed by the international community as occupied, and their status as regards the applicability of international rules is in most respects identical to that of the West Bank and Gaza.
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a border dispute, as opposed to those of military occupation (this framing was rebuffed by the ICJ in 2024 when the court stated that Israel continued to occupy the Gaza Strip even after the 2005 disengagement). Indeed, the intensified blockade policy was presented by Israeli officials as "economic warfare" intended to "keep the Gazan economy on the brink of collapse" at the "lowest possible level." Roy cites an Israeli Supreme Court's decision approving fuel cuts to Gaza as emblematic of the disabling of Gaza; the court deemed the fuel cuts permissible on the basis that they would not harm the population's "essential humanitarian needs."
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11214:, p. 265: "Refugees. Israel agreed that the refugee problem was a regrettable humanitarian issue, Barak stated, and would recognize the right of the Palestinians to return to their own state, but that "no right of return to Israeli territory would prevail." However, he continued, Israel was prepared to admit several hundred refugees annually for a ten- to fifteen-year period, under a family unification program. In a later interview, Barak made it clear that the "family unification program" was not based on any Palestinian rights: "No Israeli prime minister will accept even one refugee on the basis of the right of return.""
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into 3–4 parts containing 87–92% of the West Bank after having already given up 78% of historic Palestine. Thus, an Israeli offer of 91 percent of the West Bank (5,538 km of the West Bank translates into only 86 percent from the Palestinian perspective), including Arab parts of East Jerusalem and the entire Gaza Strip, as well as a stipulation that 69 Jewish settlements (which comprise 85% of the West Bank's Jewish settlers) would be ceded to Israel, no right of return to Israel, no sovereignty over the Temple Mount or any core East Jerusalem neighbourhoods, and continued Israel control over the Jordan Valley.
1133:. By the mid-1970s, the international community had converged on a framework to resolve the conflict. This included Israel's full withdrawal from the occupied territories in exchange for recognition by the Palestinians and other Arab nations, and the establishment of an independent Palestinian state in the West Bank and Gaza and a "just resolution" of the Palestinian refugee question. These principles, known as "land for peace" and Palestinian self-determination through a two-state settlement, were endorsed by the International Court of Justice, the United Nations, and international human rights organizations.
11238:, p. 251: "The Palestinian Position. Since 1948 the official or public position of Arafat, the PLO, Arafat’s successor Mahmoud Abbas, and the Palestinian Authority has been—and, rhetorically at least, still is—that the Palestinian refugees as well as their descendants have the right to return to their lands, homes, and villages. Arafat reiterated that "demand" at Camp David, though he and other Palestinian leaders repeatedly assured the Americans and the Israelis that their real goal was Israeli acceptance only of the "principle" of refugee return, as distinct from implementing that "right" in practice."
2866:, causing widespread psychological trauma and disruption of daily life. As a result of these attacks, Israelis living in southern Israel have had to spend long periods in bomb shelters. The relatively small payload carried on these rockets, Israel's advanced early warning system, American-supplied anti-missile capabilities, and network of shelters made the rockets rarely lethal. In 2014, out of 4,000 rockets fired from the Gaza Strip, only six Israeli civilians were killed. For comparison, the payload carried on these rockets is smaller than Israeli tank shells, of which 49,000 where fired in Gaza in 2014.
5410:, THE POLITICS OF WAR AND AFTEREFFECTS: "On the other hand, the war had given Israel a stinging slap in the face. The 1948, 1956, and 1967 wars had conditioned them to stunning victories over the Arabs and to Arab military (and political) incompetence; 1973 proved to be something else altogether. Many Israelis were now persuaded that the territories could not be held indefinitely by force and that continued occupation would necessarily lead to further bouts of painful warfare. At last, and for the first time since June 1967, most people were willing to contemplate giving up large chunks of land for peace."
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4766:, p. 348: "After reviewing Zionism and its consequences, I examined the onset of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict during the 1917–47 period, and argued that because the Zionists wanted to ensure a large Jewish majority in the coming state of Israel, their leaders repeatedly discussed the means by which most of the Palestinians could be expelled or induced to flee; the euphemism they employed was "transfer." The scholarship on "transfer"—especially by Israeli historians—leaves no doubt about its importance in the thinking of every major Zionist leader before and after the creation of Israel.
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fixture, altering the status quo. Israel's High Court, however, disagreed with the ICJ's conclusions, stating that they lacked a factual basis. Several human rights organizations, including B'Tselem, Human Rights Watch, and Amnesty International, echoed the ICJ's concerns. They suggested that the wall's route was designed to perpetuate the existence of settlements and facilitate their future annexation into Israel, and that the wall was a means for Israel to consolidate control over land used for illegal settlements. The sophisticated structure of the wall also indicated its likely permanence.
5715:, p. 354: "For just that reason, though, Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Defense Minister Ariel Sharon worried that the growing PLO moderation would increase the pressure on Israel to accept the creation of a Palestinian state. To prevent that, in 1982 they seized upon a pretext to again invade Lebanon and attack the PLO, this time on a far larger scale than in previous conflicts. The attacks resulted in tens of thousands of Lebanese civilian casualties; however, the PLO forces in southern Lebanon, still led by Arafat, who escaped Israeli efforts to kill him, were soon reconstituted."
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2337:, Israel's Security Cabinet approved a new system governing the blockade that would allow practically all non-military or dual-use items to enter the Gaza Strip. According to a cabinet statement, Israel would "expand the transfer of construction materials designated for projects that have been approved by the Palestinian Authority, including schools, health institutions, water, sanitation and more – as well as (projects) that are under international supervision." Despite the easing of the land blockade, Israel will continue to inspect all goods bound for Gaza by sea at the port of
8478:
and national sentiments attached to the history of the Jewish nation in the land of Israel. This policy has also been justified in terms of security interests, taking into consideration the dangerous geographic circumstances of Israel before 1967 (where Israeli areas on the Mediterranean coast were potentially threatened by Jordanian control of the West Bank ridge). The international community, for its part, has viewed this policy as patently illegal, based on the provisions of the Fourth Geneva Convention that prohibit moving populations to or from territories under occupation.
5422:, pp. 287: "The 1973 war was a traumatic event that promoted the disintegration of Israeli politics and culture. The myth of Israeli invincibility was shattered, and while some saw this as a good reason to become more insistent in the search for peace, others turned to God, toughening their positions on peace and territorial compromise. What added to the confusion and the erosion of self-confidence was the high number of deaths, about 3,000, compared with the few hundred in the 1967 war. A general sense of grief fell on the country and affected the government’s prestige."
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1743:, in January 2001. The proposition removed the "temporarily Israeli controlled" areas, and the Palestinian side accepted this as a basis for further negotiation. With Israeli elections looming the talks ended without an agreement but the two sides issued a joint statement attesting to the progress they had made: "The sides declare that they have never been closer to reaching an agreement and it is thus our shared belief that the remaining gaps could be bridged with the resumption of negotiations following the Israeli elections." The following month the
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war, they won psychologically and diplomatically as the world once again focused on the ongoing conflict.156 In 1973, the UN Security Council passed Resolution 338, affirming the land-for-peace framework enshrined in Resolution 242 and setting into motion what was to become known as the Middle East peace process. Palestinian control of the PLO and the rise of guerilla warfare, together with the shift ushered in by the 1973 War, would lay the groundwork for the PLO's political agenda and aggressive legal strategy throughout the decade that followed.
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3032:, the Israeli state promised free movement across regions. However, border closures, curfews, and checkpoints has significantly restricted Palestinian movement. In 2012, there were 99 fixed check points and 310 flying checkpoints. The border restrictions impacted the imports and exports in Palestine and weakened the industrial and agricultural sectors because of the constant Israeli control in the West Bank and Gaza. In order for the Palestinian economy to be prosperous, the restrictions on Palestinian land must be removed. According to
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violent uprising. This narrative suggested that Arafat was not interested in a two-state solution, but rather aimed to destroy Israel and take over all of Palestine. This view was widely accepted in US and Israeli public opinion. Nearly all scholars and most Israeli and US officials involved in the negotiations have rejected this narrative. These individuals include prominent Israeli negotiators, the IDF chief of staff, the head of the IDF's intelligence bureau, the head of the Shin Bet as well as their advisors.
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land is open for discussion. Palestinians claim any reduction of this claim is a severe deprivation of their rights. In negotiations, they claim that any moves to reduce the boundaries of this land is a hostile move against their key interests. Israel considers this land to be in dispute and feels the purpose of negotiations is to define what the final borders will be. In 2017 Hamas announced that it was ready to support a Palestinian state on the 1967 borders "without recognising Israel or ceding any rights".
12416:"terminate its breaches of international law; it is under an obligation to cease forthwith the works of construction of the wall being built in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including in and around East Jerusalem, to dismantle forthwith the structure therein situated." The court also observed that all states had an obligation "not to recognize the illegal situation resulting from the construction of the wall and not to render aid or assistance in maintaining the situation created by such construction."
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859:. The suppression of the revolt would leave at least 10% of the adult male population killed, wounded, imprisoned or exiled. In the first wave of organized violence, lasting until early 1937, most of the Arab groups were defeated by the British, and forced expulsion of much of the Arab leadership ensued. With much of the leadership in exile and the economy severely weakened, the Palestinians would struggle to confront the Zionist movement which was growing in strength, with the support of the British.
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12323:: "Far fewer Israelis were killed in Palestinian suicide bombs after the construction of the barrier (130 in 2003 and fewer than 25 in 2005), convincing most Israelis that it saved the lives of fellow Israelis and was necessary for their security. However, the decline in bombings can also be attributed to the permanent presence of Israeli troops inside and around Palestinian cities and increasing security cooperation between the IDF and the PA, particularly after the Second Intifada ended in 2005."
3440:. All numbers refer to casualties of direct conflict between Israelis and Palestinians including in IDF military operations, artillery shelling, search and arrest campaigns, barrier demonstrations, targeted killings, settler violence etc. The figures do not include events indirectly related to the conflict such as casualties from unexploded ordnance, etc., or events when the circumstances remain unclear or are in dispute. The figures include all reported casualties of all ages and both genders.
6795:, Chapter 14: "On the contrary, in August 1996 the PLO honored its commitment to revoke its original charter, which had denied the legitimacy of Israel and called for the armed liberation of all of Palestine. As well, by 1996 the PA and its police forces had become increasingly successful in their efforts to end the terrorism of Hamas and other Islamic extremists, even cooperating with the Israeli forces. As a result, there were now far fewer terrorist attacks than in the preceding few years.."
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that the defeat of the Palestinians in Lebanon would trigger a mass exodus of Palestinians to the East Bank of the River Jordan, which in turn would bring about the collapse of the Hashemite dynasty and the Palestinisation of the kingdom in a way that would allow Israel a free hand to assert her rule in Judaea and Samaria. Israel also believed that her victory in Lebanon would create a new political order in that country with an undisputed Christian hegemony.
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included allowing only small packets of margarine to prevent local food production. Gaza's GDP dramatically declined during this period as a result of these measures. Indeed, by April 2010 Israel restricted the entry of commercial items to Gaza to a list of 73 products, compared with 4,000 products which had previously been approved. The result was the virtual collapse of Gaza's private sector, which Roy describes as largely completed after the 2008 Israeli
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isolated events. In his later work, Morris considers the displacement the result of a national conflict initiated by the Arabs themselves. In a 2004 interview with Haaretz, he described the exodus as largely resulting from an atmosphere of transfer that was promoted by Ben-Gurion and understood by the military leadership. He also claimed that there "are circumstances in history that justify ethnic cleansing". He has been criticized by political scientist
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2957:(JWC). Moreover, Israel obligated itself in this agreement to provide water to supplement Palestinian production, and further agreed to allow additional Palestinian drilling in the Eastern Aquifer, also subject to the Joint Water Committee. The water that Israel receives comes mainly from the Jordan River system, the Sea of Galilee and two underground sources. According to a 2003 BBC article the Palestinians lack access to the Jordan River system.
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Europe and the uprooted and dispossessed Jews of North Africa and the Arab Middle East... No Israeli statesman, either in 1948 or in 2005, would conceive of peace based on the massive repatriation of Palestinian refugees as an offer the Jewish state could accept and yet survive. The ethos of Zionism was twofold; it was about demography – ingathering the exiles in a viable Jewish state with as small an Arab minority as possible – and land.
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9380:"Palmer Report Did Not Find Gaza Blockade Legal, Despite Media Headlines|Palmer Report Did Not Find Gaza Blockade Legal, Despite Media Headlines|Palmer Report Did Not Find Gaza Blockade Legal, Despite Media Headlines|Palmer Report Did Not Find Gaza Blockade Legal, Despite Media Headlines|Palmer Report Did Not Find Gaza Blockade Legal, Despite Media Headlines|Palmer Report Did Not Find Gaza Blockade Legal, Despite Media Headlines"
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instead prefer to pursue bilateral negotiation rather than resolving the conflict on the basis of international law. Netanyahu has criticized the Palestinians of purportedly trying to bypass direct talks, whereas Abbas has argued that the continued construction of Israeli-Jewish settlements is "undermining the realistic potential" for the two-state solution. Although Palestine has been denied full member status by the UN
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of settlement and annexation in occupied Palestine. The PLO had observed the latest ceasefire with Israel and shown a preference for negotiations over military operations. As a result, Israel sought to remove the PLO as a potential negotiating partner. Most Palestinian militants were defeated within several weeks, Beirut was captured, and the PLO headquarters were evacuated to Tunisia in June by Yasser Arafat's decision.
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2728:, adopted in 1948, "the refugees wishing to return to their homes and live at peace with their neighbours should be permitted to do so at the earliest practicable date, and that compensation should be paid for the property of those choosing not to return and for loss of or damage to property which, under principles of international law or in equity, should be made good by the Governments or authorities responsible."
2644:. The number of Palestinians who were expelled or fled from Israel was estimated at 711,000 in 1949. The descendants of all refugees (not just Palestinian refugees ) are considered by the UN to also be refugees. As of 2010 there are 4.7 million Palestinian refugees. Between 350,000 and 400,000 Palestinians were displaced during the 1967 Arab–Israeli war. A third of the refugees live in recognized refugee camps in
5458:, The Lebanon War: "The aim of "Operation Litani" was to kill as many guerrillas as possible and to destroy the military infrastructure—camps, munitions dumps, artillery pieces. A secondary aim was to expand, and create continuity between, the existing Christian-held enclaves on the Lebanese side of the border. By March 21, the IDF had taken all of the area south of the Litani (except for Tyre and its environs)."
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prevent Gazans from living in the West Bank. Indeed, Israeli policy treats the Gaza Strip as a "terminus" station, with family reunification between the West Bank and Gaza Strip only possible if the family agrees to permanently relocate to the Gaza Strip. The Israeli officials described the blockade as serving limited security value, instead referring to these restrictions as motivated by "political-security."
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with an emphasis on the negotiation process rather than on presenting a comprehensive solution to the conflict. As part of this process, fundamental issues of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict such as borders, access to resources, and the Palestinian right of return, have been left to "final status" talks. Such "final status" negotiations along the lines discussed in Madrid in 1991 have never taken place.
10639:: "The Israeli government proceeded to annex East Jerusalem. This act violated international law, and the United Nations General Assembly condemned it... Furthermore, Israel confiscated a large swath of land to the east of the city that would, in time, form a barrier of Israeli settlements surrounding the city, thus cutting off the Palestinian population of Jerusalem from its West Bank hinterland.2"
1613:(or Oslo I) was signed and set forward a framework for future Israeli–Palestinian negotiations, in which key issues would be left to "final status" talks. The stipulations of the Oslo agreements ran contrary to the international consensus for resolving the conflict; the agreements did not uphold Palestinian self-determination or statehood and repealed the internationally accepted interpretation of
752:, a public statement issued by the British government in 1917 during the First World War announcing support for the establishment of a "national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine. Weizmann would take on a maximalist interpretation of the declaration, in which negotiations on the future of the country were to happen directly between Britain and the Jews, excluding Arab representation. At the
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2157:. The expansion of settlements often involves the confiscation of Palestinian land and resources, leading to displacement of Palestinian communities and creating a source of tension and conflict. Settlements are often protected by the Israeli military and are frequently flashpoints for violence against Palestinians. Furthermore, the presence of settlements and Jewish-only bypass roads creates a
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said, 'is better than a close enemy.' Transfer was such an ideal solution that 'it must happen someday', he concluded. A strategy of phases, admittedly always vague and anything but an articulate plan of action, could only prevail if a solution could be found to the demographic problem. 'Transfer' was the magic formula. The idea of transfer for the Arabs had a long pedigree in Zionist thought.
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1519:, former deputy mayor of Jerusalem, observed that life became harsher for Palestinians during this period as state violence increased and Palestinian land continued to be expropriated as settlements expanded. Israeli foreign minister Shlomo Ben-Ami described the Oslo Accords as legitimizing "the transformation of the West Bank into what has been called a 'cartographic cheeseboard'."
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promised "full autonomy for the inhabitants," the land was to remain under Israeli control. A peace treaty based on these accords was signed in 1979, leading to Israel's withdrawal from the occupied Egyptian Sinai Peninsula by 1982. However, the specifics of the Palestinian-autonomy accords were disputed among the signatories and other Arab groups, and were never implemented.
756:, he would later famously share his interpretation of the declaration in his announcement of the goal "o make Palestine as Jewish as England is English." Partially in response to the Zionist movement, a Palestinian national movement would develop more concretely in the interwar period. The years that followed would see Jewish-Palestinian relations deteriorate dramatically.
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where every one of the core issues would be open to negotiation so that a reasonable point of equilibrium between the needs of the parties could be found. The Palestinians saw the negotiations as a step in a journey where they would get their rights as if this were a clear-cut process of decolonization based on "international legitimacy" and "all UN relevant resolutions."
3245:. According to Palestinians, the separated areas make it impossible to create a viable nation and fails to address Palestinian security needs; Israel has expressed no agreement to withdrawal from some Areas B, resulting in no reduction in the division of the Palestinian areas, and the institution of a safe pass system, without Israeli checkpoints, between these parts.
2675:, Palestinians claim the right of refugees to return to the lands, homes and villages where they lived before being driven into exile in 1948 and 1967. Arafat himself repeatedly assured his American and Israeli interlocutors at Camp David that he primarily sought the principle of the right of return to be accepted, rather than the full right of return, in practice.
2919:, the use of this water has been contentious in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Israel withdraws most water from these areas, but it also supplies the West Bank with approximately 40 million cubic metres annually, contributing to 77% of Palestinians' water supply in the West Bank, which is to be shared for a population of about 2.6 million.
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1949 armistice lines prior to June 5, 1967. Following the declaration, Arafat explicitly denounced all forms of terrorism and affirmed the PLO's acceptance of UN Resolutions 242 and 338, as well as the recognition of Israel's right to exist. All the conditions defined by Henry Kissinger for US negotiations with the PLO had now been met.
2509:, is located in the "new city" of West Jerusalem and has been since Israel's founding in 1948. After Israel annexed East Jerusalem in 1967, it assumed complete administrative control of East Jerusalem. Since then, various UN bodies have consistently denounced Israel's control over East Jerusalem as invalid. In 1980, Israel passed the
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1948 extensive secret discussions of transfer were held in the Zionist movement's highest bodies, including the Zionist Agency Executive, the Twentieth Zionist Congress, the World Convention of Ihud Po'alei Tzion (the top forum of the dominant Zionist world labour movement), and various official and semi-official transfer committees.
1244:. The peace process also had significant opposition among radical Islamic elements of Palestinian society, such as Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad, who immediately initiated a campaign of attacks targeting Israelis. Following hundreds of casualties and a wave of radical anti-government propaganda, Israeli Prime Minister
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have described a United Nations commission as ruling that Israel's blockade is "both legal and appropriate." However, Amnesty International has stated that this is "completely false," and that the cited UN report made no such claim. The Israeli Government's continued land, sea and air blockage is tantamount to
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published by the UN News website, stated that: "Of the $ 21.6 million, $ 5.7 will be allocated to UNRWA's 2012 Emergency Appeal for the occupied Palestinian territory, which will support programmes in the West Bank and Gaza aiming to mitigate the effects on refugees of the deteriorating situation they face."
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This fear would gradually be replaced by a broader sense of Palestinian national expression which included the rejection of the Zionist goal of turning the mostly Arab populated land into a Jewish homeland. From early on, the leadership of the Zionist movement had the idea of "transferring" (a euphemism for
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Its 2004 decision held that the construction of the wall in the West Bank, as opposed to along the 1949 armistice line, violated the Palestinian right to self-determination, contravened the Fourth Geneva Convention, and could not be justified as a measure of Israeli self-defense. It advised Israel to
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In general, Israeli policy towards holy places can be considered a success with regard to its primary goal: facilitating Israel's acceptance into the international community of nations. However, the repeated failure of the Muslim Affairs Department to fulfill its mandate of protecting the Muslim holy
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The real controversy hovering over all the litigation on the security barrier concerns the fate of the Israeli settlements in the occupied territories. Since 1967, Israel has allowed and even encouraged its citizens to live in the new settlements established in the territories, motivated by religious
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was that "Operation Peace for Galilee"—the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982—was undertaken to protect the civilian population from Palestinian gunners, and that "the rocket and shelling attacks on Israel's northern border" were ended by the operation, though "If rockets again rain down on Israel's
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In late 2012, a donation of $ 21.6 million was announced by the Government of the Netherlands—the Dutch government stated that the funds would be provided to the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), for the specific benefit of Palestinian children. An article,
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Since mid-June 2007, Israel's primary means of dealing with security concerns in the West Bank has been to cooperate with and permit United States-sponsored training, equipping, and funding of the Palestinian Authority's security forces, which with Israeli help have largely succeeded in quelling West
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Israel, along with the United States and the European Union, refer to any use of force by Palestinian groups as terroristic and criminal. This is in contrast to the consensus in international law which allows for Palestinians, as a people under illegal military occupation, to use lethal force against
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to return into a new Palestinian state, Israel insists that the return of this population into the current state of Israel would threaten the stability of the Jewish state; an influx of Palestinian refugees would lead to the end of the state of Israel as a Jewish state since a demographic majority of
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for the state of Palestine at the UN and for recognition on the 1967 borders. This campaign has received widespread support. The UN General Assembly votes every year almost unanimously in favor of a resolution calling for the establishment of a Palestinian state on the 1967 borders. The US and Israel
2325:
In January 2008, the Israeli government calculated how many calories per person were needed to prevent a humanitarian crisis in the Gaza Strip, and then subtracted eight percent to adjust for the "culture and experience" of the Gazans. Details of the calculations were released following Israeli human
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in Gaza. According to Gisha, travel restrictions from the Gaza Strip are not based on individual security concerns, rather, the general rule is that travel to Israel or the West Bank from Gaza is not permitted other than in "exceptional" cases. Israeli imposed travel restrictions aim in particular to
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The severing of Gaza from the West Bank hinterland reflects a paradigm shift in the framing of the conflict. After Hamas assumed power in 2007, Israel declared Gaza a "hostile territory," preferring to frame its obligations towards Gaza in terms of the law of armed conflict, over what it presented as
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Following the failed summit Palestinian and Israeli negotiators continued to meet in small groups through August and September 2000 to try to bridge the gaps between their respective positions. The United States prepared its own plan to resolve the outstanding issues. Clinton's presentation of the US
1608:
strove to find a peaceful solution through what became known as the Oslo peace process. A crucial milestone in this process was Arafat's letter of recognition of Israel's right to exist. Emblematic of the asymmetry in the Oslo process, Israel was not required to, and did not, recognize the right of a
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stood behind the stance that the PLO was a terrorist organization. He maintained a strict stance against any concessions, including withdrawal from occupied Palestinian territories, recognition of or negotiations with the PLO, and especially the establishment of a Palestinian state. Shamir viewed the
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The PLO's participation in diplomatic negotiations was dependent on its complete disavowal of terrorism and recognition of Israel's "right to exist." This stipulation required the PLO to abandon its objective of reclaiming all of historic Palestine and instead focus on the 22 percent which came under
1208:
In 1982, Israel, having secured its southern border with Egypt, sought to resolve the Palestinian issue by attempting to dismantle the military and political power of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in Lebanon. The goal was to establish a friendly regime in Lebanon and continue its policy
1167:
Following the end of the war, the UN Security Council passed Resolution 338, which confirmed the land-for-peace principle established in Resolution 242, initiating the Middle East peace process. The Arab defeat would play an important role in the PLO's willingness to pursue a negotiated settlement to
13847:
Israeli officials alleged that total Palestinian deaths came to 1,166, of whom at least 60 percent were "terrorists." The discrepancy in the ratio of Palestinian combatant to civilian deaths partly resulted from disagreement on the proper classification of Gazan police. See Shay Fogelman, "Shock and
11946:
A massive repatriation of Palestinian refugees would have clashed irreconcilably with the most vital and fundamental ethos of the new State of Israel, indeed with its very raison d'être, namely the consolidation of a Jewish state through the mass immigration of the survivors of the Nazi Holocaust in
8506:
It can thus clearly be concluded that the transfer of Israeli settlers into the occupied territories violates not only the laws of belligerent occupation but the Palestinian right of self-determination under international law. The question remains, however, whether this is of any practical value. In
7147:
Camp David failed because of the two sides' conflicting interpretations of the terms of reference of the peace process. The Israelis came to the negotiations with the conviction inherent in the letter of the Oslo Accords that this was an open-ended process where no preconceived solutions existed and
5568:
In 1982 the situation acquired a more dangerous dimension. The nationalist government in Israel, having secured its southern frontier by the peace treaty with Egypt, now tried to impose its own solution of the problem of the Palestinians. This involved an attempt to destroy both the military and the
5533:
This was that belt the Israeli government wished to destroy. Its first concerted effort to do so occurred in 1978, when 25,000 Israeli troops invaded Lebanon as far north as the Litani River. The operation failed to dislodge the PLO from its strongholds, although it did cause large-scale demographic
4332:
Currently, freedom of movement and access for Palestinians within the West Bank is the exception rather than the norm contrary to the commitments undertaken in a number of Agreements between GOI and the PA. In particular, both the Oslo Accords and the Road Map were based on the principle that normal
3248:
Under the Oslo Accords, as a security measure, Israel has insisted on its control over all land, sea and air border crossings into the Palestinian territories, and the right to set import and export controls. This is to enable Israel to control the entry into the territories of materials of military
2748:
states that most of Palestine's 700,000 refugees fled because of the "flail of war" and expected to return home shortly after a successful Arab invasion. He documents instances in which Arab leaders advised the evacuation of entire communities as happened in Haifa although recognizes that these were
2423:
Following the Oslo Accords, which was to set up regulative bodies to rein in frictions, Palestinian incitement against Israel, Jews, and Zionism continued, parallel with Israel's pursuance of settlements in the Palestinian territories, though under Abu Mazen it has reportedly dwindled significantly.
2309:
Even in the early years of Israeli imposed closure, the associated increased cost of doing business had a detrimental impact on trade. Goods transferred between the West Bank, Gaza, and Israel were required to be loaded onto Palestinian trucks initially and then off loaded onto Israeli trucks at the
1667:
Arafat rejected this offer, which Palestinian negotiators, Israeli analysts and Israeli Foreign Minister Shlomo Ben-Ami described as "unacceptable". According to the Palestinian negotiators the offer did not remove many of the elements of the Israeli occupation regarding land, security, settlements,
1663:
In July 2000, US President Bill Clinton convened a peace summit between Palestinian President Yasser Arafat and Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak. Barak reportedly put forward the following as "bases for negotiation", via the US to the Palestinian President: a non-militarized Palestinian state split
1532:
described the expectation that the "Palestinians will be better at establishing internal security than we were, because they will allow no appeals to the Sepreme Court and will prevent from criticizing the conditions there." Along these lines, Ben-Ami, who participated in the Camp David 2000 talks,
11683:
Under the heading of "Discrimination", the Committee cited Israel's Law of Return as discriminatory against Palestinian refugees because of Israel's refusal to readmit them. The committee said: "The Committee notes with concern that the Law of Return which permits any Jew from anywhere in the world
8105:
Human Rights Watch, “A Threshold Crossed: Israeli Authorities and the Crimes of Apartheid and Persecution,” April 27, 2021, hrw.org; Amnesty International, “Israel’s Apartheid Against Palestinians: Cruel System of Domination and Crime Against Humanity,” February 1, 2022, amnesty.org; Michael Sfard,
5700:
As a result, the PLO did not attack Israel from mid-I98r to mid-I982.16 But in June 1982 Israel again invaded Lebanon, and it used aerial bombardment to destroy entire camps of Palestine Arab refugees.17 By these means Israel killed 20,000 persons, mostly civilians,18 and while it occupied southern
5603:
Destroying the PLO's infrastructure in Lebanon as well as dismantling the last remaining Palestinian springboard in an Arab country for the military struggle against Israel, was the immediate operational objective of the war. But the architects of the invasion had far wider ambitions. They believed
3274:
In Gaza, the agricultural market suffers from economic boycotts and border closures and restrictions placed by Israel. The PA's Minister of Agriculture estimates that around US$ 1.2 billion were lost in September 2006 because of these security measures. This embargo was brought on by Hamas' refusal
3011:
Palestinian agriculture suffers from numerous problems including Israeli military and civilian attacks on farms and farmers, blockades to exportation of produce and importation of necessary inputs, widespread confiscation of land for nature reserves as well as military and settler use, confiscation
3007:
In Palestine, agriculture is a mainstay in the economy. The production of agricultural goods supports the population's sustenance needs and fuels Palestine's export economy. According to the Council for European Palestinian Relations, the agricultural sector formally employs 13.4% of the population
2964:
of the United Nations, water resources were confiscated for the benefit of the Israeli settlements in the Ghor. Palestinian irrigation pumps on the Jordan River were destroyed or confiscated after the 1967 war and Palestinians were not allowed to use water from the Jordan River system. Furthermore,
2814:
Throughout the conflict, Palestinian violence has been a concern for Israelis. Security concerns have historically been a key driver in Israeli political decision making, often expanding in scope and taking precedence over other considerations such as international law and Palestinian human rights.
2088:
Some Palestinians say they are entitled to all of the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem. Israel says it is justified in not ceding all this land, because of security concerns, and also because the lack of any valid diplomatic agreement at the time means that ownership and boundaries of this
1793:
of the European Union, Russia, the United Nations and the United States on 17 September 2002, was the Road Map for Peace. This plan did not attempt to resolve difficult questions such as the fate of Jerusalem or Israeli settlements, but left that to be negotiated in later phases of the process. The
1508:
The term "peace-process" refers to the step-by-step approach to resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Having originally entered into usage to describe the US mediated negotiations between Israel and surrounding Arab countries, notably Egypt, the term "peace-process" has grown to be associated
1343:
In 2011, a Palestinian Authority attempt to gain UN membership as a fully sovereign state failed. In Hamas-controlled Gaza, sporadic rocket attacks on Israel and Israeli air raids continued to occur. In November 2012, Palestinian representation in the UN was upgraded to a non-member observer state,
10389:
The Israelis came to the negotiations with the conviction inherent in the letter of the Oslo Accords that this was an open-ended process where no preconceived solutions existed and where every one of the core issues would be open to negotiation so that a reasonable point of equilibrium between the
5383:
The 1973 War demonstrated that Arabs could work together when needed and that Israel was not as invincible as it had believed. The war left its scars on Israel, which suffered over 2,500 dead, US$ 4 billion in direct monetary losses, and deflated confidence. Although the Arabs technically lost the
2853:
ruled that the construction of the barrier violated the Palestinian right to self-determination, contravened the Fourth Geneva Convention, and could not be justified as a measure of Israeli self-defense. The ICJ further expressed that the construction of the wall by Israel could become a permanent
2445:
Unilateral strategies and the rhetoric of hardline political factions, coupled with violence, have fostered mutual embitterment and hostility and a loss of faith in the possibility of reaching a peaceful settlement. Since the break down of negotiations, security has played a less important role in
2428:
schools have been found to have encouraged one-sided narrative and even hatred of the other side. Perpetrators of murderous attacks, whether against Israelis or Palestinians, often find strong vocal support from sections of their communities despite varying levels of condemnation from politicians.
2240:
Since 2006, Israel has enforced an official and explicit policy of enforcing "separation" between the West Bank and Gaza Strip. This separation policy has involved strict restrictions on imports, exports and travel to and from the Gaza Strip. This policy began to develop as early as the 1950s, but
1720:
Clinton's plan, eventually presented on 23 December 2000, proposed the establishment of a sovereign Palestinian state in the Gaza Strip and 94–96 percent of the West Bank plus the equivalent of 1–3 percent of the West Bank in land swaps from pre-1967 Israel. On Jerusalem, the plan stated that "the
1629:
failed to reach an agreement at Camp David in July 2000 and later at Taba in 2001. The interim period specified by Oslo had not built confidence between the two parties; Barak had failed to implement additional stages of the interim agreements and settlements expanded by 10% during his short term.
1163:
On October 6, 1973, a coalition of Arab forces consisting of mainly Egypt and Syria launched a surprise attack against Israel on the Jewish holy day of Yom Kippur. Egyptian and Syria had crossed over the ceasefire lines that were agreed upon prior to 1973. Egypt had in particular tried to reoccupy
1078:
then was put under the authority of the Egyptian military administrator, making it a de facto military occupation. In 1964, however, a new organization, the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), was established by Yasser Arafat. It immediately won the support of most Arab League governments and
961:
recommending the adoption and implementation of a plan to partition Palestine into an Arab state, a Jewish state and the City of Jerusalem. Palestinian Arabs were opposed to the partition. Zionists accepted the partition but planned to expand Israel's borders beyond what was allocated to it by the
764:
With the commitment to establishing a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine, the creation of the British Mandate in Palestine after the end of the first world war would allow for large-scale Jewish immigration. This would be accompanied by the development of a separate Jewish controlled
733:
that the landscape of Ottoman Palestine would start to significantly change. Land purchases, the eviction of tenant Arab peasants and armed confrontation with Jewish para-military units would all contribute to the Palestinian population's growing fear of territorial displacement and dispossession.
12447:
In its advisory opinion the ICJ voiced concern that "the construction of the wall and its associated régime create a 'fait accompli' on the ground that could well become permanent."115 Taking note of this ICJ concern, Israel's High Court rejoined that the ICJ lacked a "factual basis" for reaching
10684:
Arab-Jewish tensions stemmed from incidents in and around the Temple Mount (al-haram al-sharif) and provocative actions by Jewish extremists against Arabs. Particularly frustrating from a Palestinian viewpoint were the constant efforts made by the Israeli authorities to settle Jews in purely Arab
10594:
But the abject submission of the Palestinians and the ever deepening system of occupation and discrimination in the territories are Israel's sole and exclusive responsibility. As brilliantly explained by Michael Sfard, this is a system built on three pillars: the gun, the settlements, and the law
8408:
The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently
4751:
Thus the wishful and rather naive belief in Zionism's early years that the Palestinians could be 'spirited across the border', in Herzl's words, or that they would simply 'fold their tents and slip away', to use Zangwill's formulation, soon gave way to more realistic assessments. Between 1937 and
4713:
Probably the most appealing article in there commendation of the Commission was that about the 'forced transfer' of Arabs from the future Jewish state. To Ben-Gurion this was an 'unparalleled achievement'. It was 'the best of all solutions', according to Berl Katznelson. 'A distant neighbour', he
3633:
Three factors made Israel's territorial offer less forthcoming than it initially appeared. First, the 91 percent land offer was based on the Israeli definition of the West Bank, but this differs by approximately 5 percentage points from the Palestinian definition. Palestinians use a total area of
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Numerous foreign nations and international organizations have established bilateral agreements with the Palestinian and Israeli water authorities. It was estimated that a future investment of about US$ 1.1bn for the West Bank and $ 0.8bn for the Gaza Strip Southern Governorates was needed for the
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fired from Palestinian territories into Israel continues to be of great concern for Israeli defense officials. In 2006—the year following Israel's disengagement from the Gaza Strip—the Israeli government claimed to have recorded 1,726 such launches, more than four times the total rockets fired in
2317:
of Israel said that Israel is justified under international law to impose a blockade on an enemy for security reasons as Hamas "turned the territory under its de facto control into a launching pad of mortar and rocket attacks against Israeli towns and villages in southern Israel." Media headlines
2248:
The executive director of the Israeli human rights organization Gisha described Israeli policy towards Gaza between 2007 and 2010 as "explicitly punitive," controlling the entry of food based on calculated calorie needs to limit economic activity and enforce "economic warfare." These restrictions
1485:
formally consecrated this objective. This declaration, which was based on resolutions from the Palestine National Council sessions in the late 1970s and 1980s, advocated for the creation of a Palestinian state comprising the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem, within the borders set by the
847:. Following the death of al-Qassam at the hands of the British in late 1935, tensions erupted in 1936 into the Arab general strike and general boycott. The strike soon deteriorated into violence, and the Arab revolt was bloodily repressed by the British assisted by the British armed forces of the
2945:
While Israel's consumption of this water has decreased since it began its occupation of the West Bank, it still consumes the majority of it: in the 1950s, Israel consumed 95% of the water output of the Western Aquifer, and 82% of that produced by the Northeastern Aquifer. Although this water was
1671:
After the Camp David summit, a narrative emerged, supported by Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak and his foreign minister Shlomo Ben-Ami, as well as US officials including Dennis Ross and Madeleine Albright, that Yasser Arafat had rejected a generous peace offer from Israel and instead incited a
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In any case has the Law of Return, 1950 discriminatory effect for Palestinian Arab people since it allows any Jew to immigrate to Israel, while – at the same time – it deprives all native Palestinian Arab refugees residing outside the borders of the state of Israel of their fundamental right to
4794:
The concept of population transfer, as a facile solution to the twin problems of the Arab landless peasants and the creation of land reserves for Jewish settlement was for some time in the back of the minds of the 2ionist leadership. In fact, in private discussions with the British, the Zionist
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that grants citizenship to people of Jewish descent has been described as discriminatory against other ethnic groups, especially Palestinians that cannot apply for such citizenship under the law of return, to the territory which they were expelled from or fled during the course of the 1948 war.
2441:
The core issues of the conflict are borders, the status of settlements in the West Bank, the status of east Jerusalem, the Palestinian refugee right of return, and security. With the PLO's recognition of Israel's right to exist in 1982, the international community with the main exception of the
1545:
describes the Wye as having successfully reduced both violent and non-violent protests, both of which he considers to be "inconsistent with the spirit of Wye." Watson claims that the PA frequently violated its obligations to curb incitement and its record on curbing terrorism and other security
3443:
As reported by the Israeli human rights group B'Tselem, from 29 September 2000 to the year 2010, a total of 7,454 Palestinian and Israeli individuals were killed due to the conflict. According to the report, 1,317 of the 6,371 Palestinians were minors, and at least 2,996 did not participate in
3003:
became a state after the war in 1948, 77% of Palestine's land was used for the creation on the state. The majority of those living in Palestine at the time became refugees in other countries and this first land crisis became the root of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Because the root of the
1512:
The Oslo Accords of 1993 and 1995 built on the incremental framework put in place by the 1978 Camp David negotiations and the 1991 Madrid and Washington talks. The motivation behind the incremental approach towards a settlement was that it would "build confidence", but the eventual outcome was
1136:
The June 1967 war exerted a significant effect upon Palestinian nationalism, as Israel gained military control of the West Bank from Jordan and the Gaza Strip from Egypt. Consequently, the PLO was unable to establish any control on the ground and established its headquarters in Jordan, home to
922:
under British command, fighting Germans in North Africa. The more radical exiled faction of al-Husseini, however, tended to cooperate with Nazi Germany, and participated in the establishment of a pro-Nazi propaganda machine throughout the Arab world. The defeat of Arab nationalists in Iraq and
5490:
The collaboration was solidified and made public during Begin's first term. Begin was impressed by the pleas and the aristocratic manner of the Maronite leaders and several times declared "Israel will not allow genocide in Lebanon." In March 1978, Israeli forces temporarily occupied southern
5348:
During the June 1967 Arab-Israel War, Israel came into military occupation of the Palestinian West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and Gaza Strip. (Israel also occupied the Egyptian Sinai, Syrian Golan Heights, and two islands in the Gulf of Aqaba.) Already by the mid-1970s, the international
2305:
Since its initiation, blockade has had a detrimental impact on the private sector in Gaza, the primary driver of economic growth in Gaza. Prior to the blockade, Gaza imported 95% of its inputs for manufacturing and exported 85% of the finished products (primarily to Israel and the West Bank).
1171:
The Camp David Accords, agreed upon by Israel and Egypt in 1978, primarily aimed to establish a peace treaty between the two countries. The accords also proposed the creation of a "Self-Governing Authority" for the Arab population in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, excluding Jerusalem. While it
2516:
Many countries do not recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital, with exceptions being the United States, and Russia. The majority of UN member states and most international organisations do not recognise Israel's claims to East Jerusalem which occurred after the 1967 Six-Day War, nor its 1980
2284:
Although closure has a long history in Gaza dating back to 1991 when it was first imposed, it was made more acute after 2000 with the start of the second intifada. Closure was tightened further after the 2005 disengagement and then again in 2006, after Hamas’s electoral victory. Heightened
11617:
Makdisi rightly argues that almost every law of South African Apartheid has its equivalent in Israel today.18 A significant example is the Law of Return (1950), which even Kretzmer claims is explicitly discriminatory against Palestinian citizens.... The Law of Return, which determines the
1201:. This operation sought to dislodge the PLO from Lebanon while expanding the area under the control of the Israeli allied Christian militias in southern Lebanon. The operation succeeded in leaving a large portion of the south in control of the Israeli proxy which would eventually form the
2599:. During the Second Intifada Palestinian protesters looted and burned the site. Israeli security agencies routinely monitor and arrest Jewish extremists that plan attacks, though many serious incidents have still occurred. Israel has allowed almost complete autonomy to the Muslim trust (
11684:
to immigrate and thereby virtually automatically enjoy residence and obtain citizenship in Israel, discriminates against Palestinians in the Diaspora upon whom the Government of Israel has imposed restrictive requirements that make it almost impossible to return to their land of birth."
6315:
4941:. This was the backdrop to his agitation concerning Jewish rights at the Western (Wailing) Wall that led to the bloody riots of August 1929...e was the chief organizer of the riots of 1936 and the rebellion from 1937, as well as of the mounting internal terror against Arab opponents.
3233:). Israel has built additional highways to allow Israelis to traverse the area without entering Palestinian cities in Area A. The initial areas under Palestinian Authority control are diverse and non-contiguous. The areas have changed over time by subsequent negotiations, including
2293:
during October 7, 2023, was part of that same policy of separation and closure, characterized by the destruction of Gaza's infrastructure (especially housing) and the denial of food, water, electricity, and fuel to its population. On 9 October 2023, Israel declared war on Hamas and
1513:
instead a dramatic decline in mutual confidence. At each incremental stage, Israel further entrenched its occupation of the Palestinian territories, despite the PA upholding its obligation to curbing violent attacks from extremist groups, in part by cooperating with Israeli forces.
3488:. The UN Mine Action Centre identified the main risks as coming from "ERW left behind by Israeli aerial and artillery weapon systems, or from militant caches targeted by the Israeli forces." There are at least 15 confirmed minefields in the West Bank on the border with Jordan. The
2446:
Israeli concerns, trailing behind employment, corruption, housing and other pressing issues.Israeli policy had reoriented to focus on managing the conflict and the associated occupation of Palestinian territory, rather than reaching a negotiated solution. The expansion of
8106:
The Israeli Occupation of the West Bank and the Crime of Apartheid: Legal Opinion (Yesh Din, June 2022), yesh-din.org; B’Tselem, “A Regime of Jewish Supremacy from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea: This Is Apartheid,” position paper, January 12, 2021, btselem.org
1527:
Core to the Oslo Accords was the creation of the Palestinian Authority and the security cooperation it would enter into with the Israeli military authorities in what has been described as the "outsourcing" of the occupation to the PA. Just before signing the Oslo accord,
2165:. Amnesty International reports that Israeli settlements divert resources needed by Palestinian towns, such as arable land, water, and other resources; and, that settlements reduce Palestinians' ability to travel freely via local roads, owing to security considerations.
1223:
The first Palestinian uprising began in 1987 as a response to escalating attacks and the endless occupation. By the early 1990s, international efforts to settle the conflict had begun, in light of the success of the Egyptian–Israeli peace treaty of 1982. Eventually, the
4922:, Introduction: "Additionally, a separate Jewish-controlled sector of the economy was created through the exclusion of Arab labor from Jewish-owned firms under the slogan of “Avoda ivrit,” Hebrew labor, and the injection of truly massive amounts of capital from abroad."
1829:. The conference ended with the issuing of a joint statement from all parties. After the Annapolis Conference, the negotiations were continued. Both Mahmoud Abbas and Ehud Olmert presented each other with competing peace proposals. Ultimately no agreement was reached.
11103:
8803:
3483:
reported that more than 2,500 mine and explosive remnants of war casualties occurred between 1967 and 1998, at least 794 casualties (127 killed, 654 injured and 13 unknown) occurred between 1999 and 2008 and that 12 people had been killed and 27 injured since the
3229:, signed with the PLO, under which it acquired control over cities in the Palestinian territories (Area A) while the surrounding countryside came either under Israeli security and Palestinian civil administration (Area B) or complete Israeli civil administration (
1862:(2002). The peace initiative is a proposed solution to the Arab–Israeli conflict as a whole, and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in particular. The initiative was initially published on 28 March 2002, at the Beirut Summit, and agreed upon again in 2007 in the
1339:
upon Gaza, resulting in thousands of civilian casualties and billions of dollars in damage. By February 2009, a ceasefire was signed with international mediation between the parties, though the occupation and small and sporadic eruptions of violence continued.
3008:
and informally employs 90% of the population. Over the past 10 years, unemployment rates in Palestine have increased and the agricultural sector became the most impoverished sector in Palestine. Unemployment rates peaked in 2008 when they reached 41% in Gaza.
2432:
Both parties to the conflict have been criticized by third-parties for teaching incitement to their children by downplaying each side's historical ties to the area, teaching propagandist maps, or indoctrinate their children to one day join the armed forces.
1675:
No tenable solution was crafted which would satisfy both Israeli and Palestinian demands, even under intense US pressure. Clinton has long blamed Arafat for the collapse of the summit. In the months following the summit, Clinton appointed former US Senator
10390:
needs of the parties could be found. The Palestinians saw the negotiations as a step in a journey where they would get their rights as if this were a clear-cut process of decolonization based on 'international legitimacy' and 'all UN relevant resolutions.'
14631:
Salom Now! and METalks are two experimental initiatives which sought to rewrite the script of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. However, such popular, grassroots action is held hostage by some common enemies: despair, hatred, antipathy and distrust. (Jan
9017:: "But complete control over the West Bank-the obvious goal of the settlement enterprise and the separation barrier-cannot be achieved as long as Gaza remains a source of resistance and as along as the possiblity of a unified Palestinian state exists."
8086:
2517:
Jerusalem Law proclamation. The International Court of Justice in its 2004 Advisory opinion on the "Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory" described East Jerusalem as "occupied Palestinian territory".
12107:
The Israeli debate over the occupied territories is, then, not just an ideological divide between right and left; it is also overwhelmingly influenced by the all-encompassing "security network" that injects a security rationale into every political
1533:
described this process: "One of the meanings of Oslo was that the PLO was eventually Israel’s collaborator in the task of stifling the Intifada and cutting short what was clearly an authentically democratic struggle for Palestinian independence."
994:– strengthened by numerous Jewish veterans of World War II and foreign volunteers. By spring 1948, it was already clear that the Arab forces were nearing a total collapse, while Yishuv forces gained more and more territory, creating a large scale
712:
The Israeli–Palestinian conflict began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with the development of political Zionism and the arrival of Zionist settlers to Palestine. The modern political Zionist movement, with the goal of establishing a
1617:
that land cannot be acquired by war. With respect to access to land and resources, Noam Chomsky described the Oslo agreements as allowing "Israel to do virtually what it likes." The Oslo process was delicate and progressed in fits and starts.
1323:
unless Hamas agreed to accept prior Israeli–Palestinian agreements, forswear violence, and recognize Israel's right to exist, all of which Hamas rejected. After internal Palestinian political struggle between Fatah and Hamas erupted into the
12135:
8507:
other words, given the view of the international community that the Israeli settlements are illegal under the law if belligerent occupation, what purpose does it serve to establish that an additional breach of international law has occurred?
3308:
spoke with Palestinian security officers while touring malls and soccer fields in the West Bank. Mizrahi gave permission to allow Israeli tour guides into Bethlehem, a move intended to "contribute to the Palestinian and Israeli economies."
773:
starting in the 1920s and believed in the separation of Jewish and Arab economies and societies. During this period, the exclusionary nationalist ethos would grow to overpower the socialist ideals that the Second Aliyah had arrived with.
8061:
5491:
Lebanon, in an attempt to neutralize Palestinian guerilla groups and enlarge the territory controlled by Major Haddad, in an undertaking called Operation Litani (the river that more or less marked the boundary of the Israeli influence).
3968:
1494:
U.S. decision to engage in dialogue with the PLO as a mistake that threatened the existing territorial status quo. He argued that negotiating with the PLO meant accepting the existence of a Palestinian state and hence was unacceptable.
8238:
23612:
3287:, the Israeli military removed over 120 check points in 2010 and planned on disengaging from major Palestinian population areas. According to the IDF, terrorist activity in the West Bank decreased by 97% compared to violence in 2002.
2965:
the authorities did not allow any new irrigation wells to be drilled by Palestinian farmers, while it provided fresh water and allowed drilling wells for irrigation purposes at the Jewish settlements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
2450:
in the West Bank has led the majority of Palestinians to believe that Israel is not committed to reaching an agreement, but rather to a pursuit of establishing permanent control over this territory in order to provide that security.
3634:
5,854 square kilometers. Israel, however, omits the area known as No Man's Land (50 km near Latrun), post-1967 East Jerusalem (71 km), and the territorial waters of the Dead Sea (195 km), which reduces the total to 5,538 km
2341:. Despite these announcements, the economic situation did not substantially change and the virtual complete ban on exports remained in place. Only some consumer products and material for donor-sponsored projects was allowed in.
1164:
much of the area surrounding the Suez Canal, whilst the frontline with Syria was mainly situated around the north in the Golan Heights. The war concluded with an Israeli victory, with both sides suffering tremendous casualties.
2006:
nicknamed the "Apartheid law." Adalah described the Nation-State law as "constitutionally enshrining Jewish supremacy and the identity of the State of Israel as the nation-state of the Jewish people." The Nation-State law is a
16320:
8795:
2841:
following scores of suicide bombings and terrorist attacks in July 2003. Israel's coalition government approved the security barrier in the northern part of the green line between Israel and the West Bank. According to the
13174:
23607:
23214:
21373:
2736:
affirms the necessity for "achieving a just settlement of the refugee problem"; however, Resolution 242 does not specify that the "just settlement" must or should be in the form of a literal Palestinian right of return.
8421:
Pertile, Marco (2005). "'Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory': A Missed Opportunity for International Humanitarian Law?". In Conforti, Benedetto; Bravo, Luigi (eds.).
3108:
Fighting among rival Palestinian and Arab movements has played a crucial role in shaping Israel's security policy towards Palestinian militants, as well as in the Palestinian leadership's own policies. As early as the
913:
The renewed violence, which continued sporadically until the beginning of World War II, ended with around 5,000 causualties on the Arab side and 700 combined on the British and Jewish side total. With the eruption of
477:
in 1882. The local Arab population increasingly began to oppose Zionism, primarily out of fear of territorial displacement and dispossession. The Zionist movement garnered the support of an imperial power in the 1917
1032:. The overall fighting, leading to around 15,000 casualties, resulted in cease-fire and armistice agreements of 1949, with Israel holding much of the former Mandate territory, Jordan occupying and later annexing the
918:, the situation in Mandatory Palestine calmed down. It allowed a shift towards a more moderate stance among Palestinian Arabs under the leadership of the Nashashibi clan and even the establishment of the Jewish–Arab
22695:
5534:
disruptions in southern Lebanon as thousands of villagers, mainly Shi'as, fled their homelands for the area of Beirut. Pressure from the United States and the UN eventually compelled Israel to withdraw its troops.
1960:
652:
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7900:
2953:, both sides agreed to maintain "existing quantities of utilization from the resources." In so doing, the Palestinian Authority established the legality of Israeli water production in the West Bank, subject to a
24350:
10101:
1306:
continue to consider Israel to be the occupying power of the Gaza Strip as Israel controls Gaza Strip's airspace, territorial waters and controls the movement of people or goods in or out of Gaza by air or sea.
9639:
1540:
agreed on by the PA and Israel introduced a "zero tolerance" policy for "terror and violence." This policy was uniformly criticised by human rights organizations for its "encouragement" of human rights abuses.
8865:
7000:, pp. 211–236: "the Palestinian record of compliance with these obligations is at best mixed...the PA’s record on security cooperation has been mixed... The PA has a mixed record on fighting terror group"
4159:
2744:, although there is a wide consensus that violent expulsions by Zionist and Israeli forces were the main factor. Other factors include psychological warfare and Arab sense of vulnerability. Notably, historian
10429:
I was the Minister of Justice. I am a lawyer," Foreign Minister Tzipi Livni told her Palestinian interlocutors during a critical round of the peace process in 2007, "but I am against law—international law in
8083:
2176:, obtaining broad authority over civilian issues in the West Bank. In the first six months of 2023, 13,000 housing units were built in settlements, which is almost three times more than in the whole of 2022.
22543:
6156:
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16076:
2330:'s application to the high court. Israel's Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories, who drafted the plan, stated that the scheme was never formally adopted, this was not accepted by Gisha.
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proposal never made it beyond the first phase, whose goals called for a halt to both Israeli settlement construction and Israeli–Palestinian violence. Neither goal has been achieved as of November 2015.
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4033:"Confirmed figures reveal the true extent of the destruction inflicted upon the Gaza Strip; Israel's offensive resulted in 1,417 dead, including 926 civilians, 255 police officers, and 236 fighters"
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United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. December 2007. PDF. Tables on pages 5 and 7, all numbers refer to casualties of the direct conflict as defined therein (page 23).
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from 1987 until 2000, 1,551 Palestinians and 421 Israelis lost their lives. According to the database of the UNOffice for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - occupied Palestinian territory (
1320:
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2664:. The remainder live in and around the cities and towns of these host countries. Most Palestinian refugees were born outside Israel and are not allowed to live in any part of historic Palestine.
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Palestinians have voiced concerns regarding the welfare of Christian and Muslim holy places under Israeli control. Additionally, some Palestinian advocates have made statements alleging that the
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UN. On the next day, Palestine was swept by violence. For four months, under continuous Arab provocation and attack, the Yishuv was usually on the defensive while occasionally retaliating. The
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was strongly criticized for its treatment of alleged collaborators, rights groups complaining that those labeled collaborators were denied fair trials. According to a report released by the
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During the late 1960s, groups affiliated with the PLO became increasingly infamous for its use of international terror. In 1969 alone, these groups were responsible for hijacking 82 planes.
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1801:
The Israeli proposal of the exchange of territories at the Annapolis conference, according to The Economic Cooperation Foundation think-tank (blue to Israel, green to the Palestinian state)
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The Palestinian Authority has petitioned the Israeli military to allow Jewish tourists to visit West Bank cities as "part of an effort" to improve the Palestinian economy. Israeli general
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in 1970. The PLO defeat by the Jordanians caused most of the Palestinian militants to relocate to South Lebanon, where they soon took over large areas, creating the so-called "Fatahland".
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In places the barrier separated farmers from their lands, even children from their schools, while preventing Palestinians from travelling within the West Bank or seeking work in Israel.
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2536:—hold Jerusalem as an important setting for their religious and historical narratives. Jerusalem is the holiest city in Judaism, being the former location of the Jewish temples on the
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3456:(ICT) claimed that Israeli and Palestinian human rights groups overestimated the percentage of civilians killed since the IDF suspected many of those killed to be possible militants.
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border even for distances of 50-100 miles. These increased costs include the costs for security checks, clearance, storage, and spoilage, as well as increased transportation costs.
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peaked in the early 1970s, as Lebanon was used as a base to launch attacks on northern Israel and airplane hijacking campaigns worldwide, which drew Israeli retaliation. During the
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the establishment of the Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory has been considered illegal by the international community and by the majority of legal scholars.
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subsequent relocation of al-Husseini to Nazi-occupied Europe tied his hands regarding field operations in Palestine, though he regularly demanded that the Italians and the Germans
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Israelis did not have unrestricted access to the holy places in East Jerusalem during the period of Jordanian occupation. Since 1975, Israel has banned Muslims from worshiping at
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rejected the initiative as a "non-starter" because it required Israel to withdraw to pre-June 1967 borders. After the renewed Arab League endorsement in 2007, then-Prime Minister
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drawn entirely on Israel's own side of the pre-1967 border, the sources of the water are nevertheless from the shared groundwater basins located under both West Bank and Israel.
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1878:, to recognize "an independent Palestinian state with East Jerusalem as its capital" in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, as well as a "just solution" for the Palestinian refugees.
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2732:"reaffirms also the inalienable right of the Palestinians to return to their homes and property from which they have been displaced and uprooted, and calls for their return".
878:, accepted the recommendations on the basis that it would allow for further expansion, but some secondary Zionist leaders disapproved of it. The subsequent publication of the
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https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2024-02-27/ty-article-magazine/.premium/what-makes-the-plight-of-israels-displaced-citizens-different/0000018d-ea95-d1e0-a1dd-fbf529ed0000
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with the stated goal of destroying Hamas and controlling security in Gaza afterwards. Israel killed tens of thousands of Palestinians, including civilians and combatants and
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defeated Ehud Barak in the Israeli elections and was elected as Israeli prime minister on 7 February 2001. Sharon's new government chose not to resume the high-level talks.
11126:"General Progress Report and Supplementary Report of the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine, Covering the Period from 11 December 1949 to 23 October 1950"
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He incited and headed anti-Jewish riots in April 1920. ... He promoted the Muslim character of Jerusalem and ... injected a religious character into the struggle against
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As of 2023, there were about 500,000 Israeli settlers living in the West Bank, with another 200,000 living in East Jerusalem. In February 2023, Israel's Finance Minister
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on 14 May 1948, the Arab League decided to intervene on behalf of Palestinian Arabs, marching their forces into former British Palestine, beginning the main phase of the
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neighborhoods by purchasing Arab or church property, or to appropriate inhabited Arab property by legal means on the grounds that it had been originally owned by Jews
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I myself am on record as having said, "If I were a Palestinian, I would have rejected what was offered at the Camp David Summit." This book stands by this assertion.
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The international community, with the exception of the US and Israel, has been in consensus since the 1980s regarding a settlement of the conflict on the basis of a
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Anat el-Hashahar, an Israeli and founder of METalks, debates the Arab–Israeli conflict – from Oslo to Lebanon – with Khaled Diab, an Egyptian journalist and writer.
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return to their homes and villages from which they were expelled or took flight in the course of the 1948 war that broke out because of the establishment of Israel.
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Israel has since 1948 prevented the return of Palestinian refugees and refused any settlement permitting their return except in limited cases. On the basis of the
2011:, meaning that it has "quasi-constitutional status," and states that the right to exercise national self-determination in Israel is "unique to the Jewish people".
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5310:, p. 101, "... mainstream Zionist leaders, from the first, began to think of expanding the Jewish state beyond the 29 November partition resolution borders."
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fair for almost half of the Palestinian population—the indigenous majority on its own ancestral soil—to be converted overnight into a minority under alien rule.'"
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Palestinian and international authors have justified the right of return of the Palestinian refugees on several grounds: Several scholars included in the broader
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stated that Israeli forces employed reckless violence in the West Bank, and in some instances appeared to engage in wilful killings which would be tantamount to
1914:
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the idea of transfer was "inevitable and inbuilt into Zionism". The Arab population felt this threat as early as the 1880s with the arrival of the first aliyah.
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with a further 1,900,000 Palestinians displaced within Gaza and 135,000 Israeli evacuees. Up to 186,000 Palestinians dead due to indirect and direct causes per
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Evidently, the indigenous population also has a "security problem"; in fact, the Palestinians have already suffered the catastrophe that Israelis justly fear.
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1070:, which was later restored with Israeli withdrawal. The All-Palestine Government was completely abandoned by Egypt in 1959 and was officially merged into the
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who objected to the peace initiative. This struck a serious blow to the peace process, from which the newly elected government of Israel in 1996 backed off.
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Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel said that returning Palestinians might be a fifth column and a demographic threat to Israel as a Jewish state.
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The occupation of the West Bank, Gaza, East Jerusalem and the continued expansion of settlements in those areas have been justified on security grounds.
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8260:'Legal Consequences Arising from the Policies and practices of Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Including East Jerusalem:Advisory Opinion,'
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1874:. It offered full normalization of relations with Israel, in exchange for the withdrawal of its forces from all the occupied territories, including the
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Charges of incitement have been reciprocal, both sides interpreting media statements in the Palestinian and Israeli press as constituting incitement.
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4087:"2021 was the deadliest year since 2014, Israel killed 319 Palestinians in oPt 5-year record in house demolitions: 895 Palestinians lost their homes"
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1294:. Israel and its Supreme Court formally declared an end to occupation, saying it "had no effective control over what occurred" in Gaza. However, the
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882:, which sought to limit Jewish immigration to the region, was the breaking point in relations between British authorities and the Zionist movement.
738:) the Arab Palestinian population out of the land for the purpose of establishing a Jewish demographic majority. According to the Israeli historian
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There is significant debate within Israel about how to deal with the country's security concerns. Options have included military action (including
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In Israel, Palestinian suicide bombers have targeted civilian buses, restaurants, shopping malls, hotels and marketplaces. From 1993 to 2003, 303
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determined that the Palestinian territories constitute one political unit and that Israel's occupation since 1967, and the subsequent creation of
23586:
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3390:, 13,000 Israelis and Palestinians were killed in the conflict between 1948-97. Other estimates give 14,500 killed between 1948-2009. During the
2729:
672:
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9190:
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3301:, Israel has banned Jewish Israelis from entering Palestinian cities. However, Israeli Arabs are allowed to enter West Bank cities on weekends.
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declared, "There will be no electricity, no food, no fuel, everything is closed. We are fighting human animals and we are acting accordingly."
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erupted demanding independence and an end to British support for Zionism, which was suppressed by the British. Eventually tensions led to the
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Palestinian refugees are people who lost both their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab–Israeli conflict and the 1967
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International Law and the Arab-Israel Conflict: Extracts from "Israel and Palestine Assault on the Law of Nations" by Professor Julius Stone
6327:
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3113:, Arab forces fought each other while also skirmishing with Zionist and British forces, and internal conflicts continue to the present day.
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14455:– a web documentary produced by arte.tv, in which daily video-chronicles (2 min. each) show the life of 5 people (men, women, children) in
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of terrorist operatives), diplomacy, unilateral gestures toward peace, and increased security measures such as checkpoints, roadblocks and
2863:
1427:
and called for an immediate ceasefire. The Court issued an order requiring Israel to take all measures to prevent any acts contrary to the
1416:
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the conflict. Additionally, many Israelis began to believe that the area under Israeli occupation could not be held indefinitely by force.
839:
In the early 1930s, the Arab national struggle in Palestine had drawn many Arab nationalist militants from across the Middle East, such as
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and made official its policy of isolating it from the West Bank. Since then, Israel has framed its relationship with Gaza in terms of the
23518:
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23239:
23143:
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23121:
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19876:
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4059:"Report of the detailed findings of the independent commission of inquiry established pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution S-21/1"
3588:
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1681:
958:
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523:
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10699:
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6988:, pp. 211–236: "The Palestinian side has repeatedly run afoul of its obligation to refrain from incitement and hostile propaganda."
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1963:. As of 2022, all the major Israeli and international human rights organizations were in agreement that Israeli actions constituted the
623:. In recent years, public support for a two-state solution has decreased, with Israeli policy reflecting an interest in maintaining the
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expressed tentative support for the Initiative, but in 2018, he rejected it as a basis for future negotiations with the Palestinians.
1129:, Israel occupied the Palestinian West Bank, East Jerusalem, Gaza Strip, Egyptian Sinai, Syrian Golan Heights, and two islands in the
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to recognize Israel's right to statehood. As a result, the PA's 160,000 employees have not received their salaries in over one year.
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leadership put forward population transfer as a tentative suggestion but stopped short of formulating it into a proposal for action.
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14491:—An overview of the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians from 1948 through the present day. From the History Guy Website.
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5760:"Israel/Occupied Palestinian Territories: The conflict in Gaza: A briefing on applicable law, investigations and accountability"
2595:, a shrine considered sacred by both Jews and Muslims. Settlers established a yeshiva, installed a Torah scroll and covered the
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sector of the economy which was supported with large amounts of capital from abroad. The more ardent Zionist ideologues of the
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and the capital of the ancient Israelite kingdom. For Muslims, Jerusalem is the third holiest site, being the location of the
1193:, Palestinian militants continued to launch attacks against Israel while also battling opponents within Lebanon. In 1978, the
708:
as a crocodile, protected by a British officer, telling Palestinian Arabs: "Don't be afraid! I will swallow you peacefully..."
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4113:"Israel military says 2 civilians killed for every Hamas militant is a 'tremendously positive' ratio given combat challenges"
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and exploitation of natural resources, are illegal under international law. The court also ruled that Israel should pay full
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13175:"Mystery surrounds 'suicide' of Abu Nidal, once a ruthless killer and face of terror – Middle East, World – The Independent"
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second-class citizenship of Palestinians, is recognized as a fundamental principle in Israel and "is possibly even its very
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12695:"Till the Last Drop: The Palestinian Water Crisis in the West Bank, Hydrogeology and Hydropolitics of a Regional Conflict"
7705:"Saudi Prince al-Faisal tells Haaretz: Desire for peace exists both in Gaza and Ramallah – Israel Conference on Peace TLV"
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with the dismantlement of existing Israeli settlements and Palestinian crackdown on militant activity being one strategy.
1383:, which led to greater political strife in Israel and clashes in the Palestinian territories. This culminated in the 2023
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14545:
14497:– A non-profit news agency which provides credible, unbiased content, background and context from across the Middle East.
13206:
3583:
3382:). Of the Palestinian deaths 5,360 were in Gaza, 1,007 in the West Bank, 37 in Israel. Most were civilians on both sides.
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restrictions were imposed on imports and exports as well as on the movement of people, including Gaza’s labor force. The
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signed in September 2020, fearing the moves weaken the Arab Peace Initiative, regarding the UAE's move as "a betrayal."
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7482:"Excerpts: State Dept; Spokesman on Mideast Peace Prospects (Both sides accept Clinton's parameters with reservations)"
5729:
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conflict is with land, the disputes between Israel and Palestine are well-manifested in the agriculture of Palestine.
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Water as a human right: The understanding of water in the Arab countries of the Middle East – A four country analysis
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Breger, Marshall J.; Reiter, Yitzhak; Hammer, Leonard (2010). "Regulation of holy places in the West Bank and Gaza".
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fighting at the time of death. Palestinians killed 1,083 Israelis, including 741 civilians, of whom 124 were minors.
3394:, Israel killed an estimated 20,000 Palestinians and Lebanese, not including the 800-3500 Palestinians killed in the
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1601:
806:
619:. The US and Israel have instead preferred bilateral negotiations rather than resolving the conflict on the basis of
265:
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6654:
Yehuda Lukacs, ed., The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: A documentary record, 1967–1990 (Cambridge: 1992), pp. 477–79.
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on southern Israel from the Gaza Strip, killing more than 1,200 Israeli civilians and military personnel and taking
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While the PLO had adopted a program of pursuing a Palestinian state alongside Israel since the mid 1970s, the 1988
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9862:
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2881:. The legality and the wisdom of all of the above tactics have been called into question by various commentators.
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12369:, Chaper 19: "The barrier followed a route that ran almost entirely through land occupied by Israel in June 1967"
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8231:"Israel must end its occupation of Palestine to stop fuelling apartheid and systematic human rights violations"
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6379:
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3042:, the Palestinian economy lost $ 3.4bn (%35 of the annual GDP) to Israeli restrictions in the West Bank alone.
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1956:
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8951:"Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories: Trigger-happy: Israel's use of excessive force in the West Bank"
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there, creating a system of institutionalized discrimination against Palestinians under its occupation called
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9489:
5140:"The Banality of Brutality: British Armed Forces and the Repression of the Arab Revolt in Palestine, 1936–39"
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1376:, Hamas began planning an attack on Israel. In 2022, Netanyahu returned to power while headlining a hardline
1303:
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24643:
15591:
14676:
14485:– Renowned author and YouTube educator John Green gives a brief history lesson (13 minutes) on the conflict.
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4306:"Movement and Access Restrictions in the West Bank: Uncertainty and Inefficiency in the Palestinian Economy"
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2020:
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1118:
582:
318:
176:
58:
24576:
14646:
14642:
Website with information (articles, reports, maps, books, links, etc.) on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
12822:
12628:
8531:
8455:"Israel: The security barrier—between international law, constitutional law, and domestic judicial review"
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Some Palestinians have committed violent acts over the globe on the pretext of a struggle against Israel.
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1870:, it spelled out "final-solution" borders based explicitly on the UN borders established before the 1967
1810:
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and northern Israel, and other Iranian-backed militias in Syria. Iranian-backed militias also engaged in
1392:
852:
455:
11726:
11700:
7657:
4834:'The idea of transfer had accompanied the Zionist movement from its very beginnings', Tom Segev reports.
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of the population, according to the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
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2223:
2141:, but Israel disputes this. Those who justify the legality of the settlements use arguments based upon
1790:
1352:
broke out between Israel and Gaza, resulting in over 70 Israeli and over 2,000 Palestinian casualties.
1329:
628:
550:
252:
153:
14476:
8494:. International studies in human rights. Vol. 52. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 151–152.
5241:
5128:: "A white paper of 17 May 1939 abruptly reversed British support for Zionism and for a Jewish state."
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is considered by Israel as a provocative "unilateral" act that is inconsistent with the Oslo Accords.
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United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - occupied Palestinian territory (
13267:
12947:
12400:
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11994:
9559:
8648:
6263:"United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - occupied Palestinian territory"
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1702:
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1146:
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1007:
351:
44:
27:
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11014:
places in Israel has been a largely forgotten chapter in Israeli history that deserves reexamination
7449:
6030:"Urban battle from past Gaza war offers glimpse of what an Israeli ground offensive might look like"
3367:
1680:
to lead a fact-finding committee aiming to identify strategies for restoring the peace process. The
24618:
24157:
23987:
23323:
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23021:
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15872:
15557:
14537:
13725:
13601:
13110:
13091:
13040:
12847:
12340:
10997:
Debating Islam in the Jewish State: The Development of Policy toward Islamic Institutions in Israel
10185:
10094:"UNRWA Head Faces Questions at EU Parliament Over 'Hate Speech, Violence' in Palestinian Textbooks"
7281:
5553:
3548:
3160:
2911:
are of great political concern. Since Israel receives much of its water from two large underground
2227:
2206:
In a report published in February 2014 covering incidents over the three-year period of 2011–2013,
1855:
1428:
1067:
1037:
939:, would effectively overturn the White Paper and eventually lead to the withdrawal of the British.
848:
656:
542:
383:
122:
19168:
14671:
12661:
9252:
3901:
Kober, Avi (2005). "From Blitzkrieg To Attrition: Israel's Attrition Strategy and Staying Power".
890:
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As far as Israel is concerned, the jurisdiction of the Palestinian Authority is derived from the
3164:
2694:, Zionist paramilitary groups. A number have also characterized this as an ethnic cleansing. The
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2506:
2158:
2050:
1863:
995:
975:
644:
570:
13958:
13262:
12701:
11804:
11794:
11390:
Expulsion of the Palestinians: The Concept of "Transfer" in Zionist Political Thought, 1882–1948
11360:
11350:
10836:
Reprinted from: Rüdiger Wolfrum (Ed.), The Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (
8052:"Netanyahu: Israel Will Never Accept Arab Peace Initiative as Basis for Talks With Palestinians"
7965:
5876:
5866:
4566:"Anatomy of the 1936–39 Revolt: Images of the Body in Political Cartoons of Mandatory Palestine"
3991:"Palestinians killed by Israeli security forces in the Gaza Strip, before Operation "Cast Lead""
3386:
Studies provide aggregated casualty data for the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. According to the
1335:
The tensions between Israel and Hamas escalated until late 2008, when Israel launched operation
24698:
23136:
22842:
22749:
22429:
22362:
22206:
22066:
19201:
18717:
18713:
18190:
18121:
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18097:
17471:
17170:
17032:
16838:
16188:
16184:
15793:
15779:
15665:
15525:
14666:
13992:
13988:
The Hundred Years' War on Palestine: A History of Settler Colonialism and Resistance, 1917–2017
13423:
12971:
12392:
11079:
9322:
8349:
5362:
4063:
3485:
3395:
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PA–Israel efforts in the West Bank have "significantly increased investor confidence", and the
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attacked Israel. In 1994, Hamas initiated their first lethal suicide attack in response to the
2541:
2028:
1693:
1639:
1412:
843:
from Syria, who established the Black Hand militant group and had prepared the grounds for the
785:
as the sole enemy to his cause, initiating large-scale riots against the Jews as early as 1920
361:
14488:
11748:
Radley, K. René (1978). "The Palestinian Refugees: The Right to Return in International Law".
11398:
11388:
10919:
10696:
10124:
9941:
8614:
War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
8612:
8490:
Drew, Catriona (1997). "Self-determination and population transfer". In Bowen, Stephen (ed.).
8142:
Israel's Apartheid Against Palestinians: Cruel System of Domination and Crime Against Humanity
7508:
3072:
However, one of the most well-known and notorious terrorist acts was the capture and eventual
2682:
argue that the Palestinian refugees fled or were chased out or expelled by the actions of the
2588:
and particularly the sacred places in Jerusalem has been employed by nationalist politicians.
1985:
Israel's Apartheid Against Palestinians: Cruel System of Domination and Crime Against Humanity
1913:, was deeply divided, with most factions rejecting the plan. Palestinians have criticised the
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Human rights, self-determination and political change in the occupied Palestinian territories
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9522:
7843:
5790:"Human Rights Council Special Session on the Occupied Palestinian Territories, July 6, 2006"
4158:
Lev, G. (2024). The tragedy of Israel's 135,000 displaced citizens. Haaretz. Retrieved from
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573:. Two Palestinian uprisings against Israel and its occupation erupted in 1987 and 2000, the
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Policy publications on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict at the Berman Jewish Policy Archive
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14014:
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10214:"Israeli Soldier Indicted for Shooting Wounded Palestinian Assailant Released for Passover"
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9191:"Israel announces 'complete siege' of Gaza, cutting its electricity, food, water, and fuel"
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6380:"U.N. Court Says Israel Must Prevent Genocidal Acts in Gaza, But Doesn't Order a Ceasefire"
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in November 1995 and the election of Netanyahu in 1996, finally unraveling when Arafat and
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1384:
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1055:
971:
967:
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793:. Among the results of the violence was the establishment of the Jewish paramilitary force
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Amin al-Husseini, the leader of the Palestinian Arab national movement, immediately marked
699:
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616:
401:
302:
20:
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cite indications of Arab leaders' desire for the Palestinian Arab population to stay put.
935:
and Mandate authorities. Increased illegal immigration from Jewish refugees, along with a
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rather than seeking a permanent resolution to the conflict. In 2007, Israel tightened its
8:
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748:'s efforts to build British support for the Zionist movement would eventually secure the
636:
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589:
503:
479:
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198:
14301:
8282:
8178:"Defending the rule of law, enforcing apartheid - the double life of Israel's judiciary"
7987:
6290:"Proceedings instituted by South Africa against the State of Israel on 29 December 2023"
6231:"Has Israel invaded Gaza? The military has been vague, even if its objectives are clear"
4609:
3350:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
1797:
982:. On the Jewish side, the civil war was managed by the major underground militias – the
801:
resulted in the deaths of 133 Jews and 116 Arabs, with significant Jewish casualties in
569:, Israel has been occupying the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, known collectively as the
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20568:
20452:
19293:
19181:
19042:
18783:
18739:
18607:
17990:
17840:
17679:
17568:
16828:
16621:
16529:
16387:
16206:
16090:
15956:
15535:
15518:
15238:
15035:
13926:
13750:
13524:
13492:
13460:
13428:
13396:
13364:
13211:
12493:
12428:
11999:
11896:
11775:
11767:
11569:
11331:
11291:
11031:
10402:
10213:
10065:
10033:
9947:
9739:
9664:
9494:
9327:
9163:
8392:
8384:
7960:
7895:
7773:
7610:
7578:
7541:
7513:
7379:
7054:
6501:"Netanyahu says IDF will control Gaza after war, rejects notion of international force"
6183:
6062:"Hamas planned Oct. 7 from before 2014, with final decision made by 5 leaders – report"
5973:
5942:
5827:
5794:
4807:
4613:
4605:
4589:
4413:
4010:
3883:
3230:
3214:
3029:
2753:
for having seemingly changed his views for political, rather than historical, reasons.
2750:
2447:
2379:
2334:
2098:
2082:
1980:
1968:
1964:
1933:
1867:
1760:
1677:
1345:
1299:
1205:. Under United States pressure, Israeli forces would eventually withdraw from Lebanon.
1202:
1190:
919:
718:
608:
534:
510:. Increasing Jewish immigration led to tensions between Jews and Arabs which grew into
487:
443:
423:
24902:
14662:
Map of Israeli Settlements in the Gaza Strip Dec. 1993 (C.I.A./Univ. of Texas, Austin)
14530:
B'Tselem – The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories
14065:
8796:"Far-right Israeli Minister Lays Groundwork for Doubling West Bank Settler Population"
6927:
Dennis Ross and the Peace Process: Subordinating Palestinian Rights to Israeli "Needs"
6553:
6099:
2490:
map showing what the CIA regards as settlements, plus refugee camps, fences, and walls
25246:
24937:
24872:
24787:
24767:
24344:
24122:
24117:
23921:
23848:
23755:
23608:
Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory
23493:
23163:
23014:
22098:
22093:
19085:
19031:
19015:
19007:
18745:
18650:
18440:
17940:
17906:
17659:
17446:
17270:
17087:
17042:
16891:
16843:
16812:
16509:
15506:
15464:
15332:
15030:
14879:
14657:
Map of Israeli Settlements in the West Bank Dec. 1993 (C.I.A./Univ. of Texas, Austin)
14393:
14372:
14353:
14332:
14311:
14286:
14258:
14230:
14202:
14180:
14159:
14131:
14103:
14077:
14069:
14024:
13996:
13968:
13940:
13912:
13836:
13329:
13272:
12873:
Assaf, Karen; Attia, Bayoumi; Darwish, Ali; Wardam, Batir; Klawitter, Simone (2004),
12848:"Lack of sufficient services in Gaza could get worse without urgent action, UN warns"
12782:
12583:
12551:
12519:
12436:
12404:
12344:
12251:
12231:
12200:
12096:
12048:
12004:
11970:
11935:
11904:
11808:
11779:
11672:
11639:
11606:
11526:
11492:
11434:
11402:
11364:
11093:
11004:
10927:
10880:
10877:
Holy Places in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict : Confrontation and Co-Existence
10855:
10820:
10673:
10583:
10550:
10525:
10486:
10454:
10418:
10378:
10347:
10314:
10130:
9682:
9672:
8622:
8591:
8495:
8450:
8427:
8396:
8376:
8210:
7323:
7233:
7136:
7102:
7088:
7068:
7029:
6966:
6905:
6860:
6833:
6758:
6675:
6635:
6469:"Can Hamas actually be eliminated? This is what military and security analysts think"
6436:"Netanyahu dismisses international pressure: 'Nothing will stop us' destroying Hamas"
5880:
5832:
5689:
5654:
5592:
5557:
5522:
5479:
5372:
5337:
5217:
5164:
5078:
5044:
4872:
4823:
4783:
4740:
4702:
4659:
4617:
4597:
4532:
4482:
4366:
4221:
4192:
3945:
3887:
3807:
3776:
3738:
3593:
3136:, less than 45 percent of those killed were actually guilty of informing for Israel.
3066:
2878:
2838:
2199:
2150:
1976:
1950:
1824:
1614:
1274:
Following several years of unsuccessful negotiations, the conflict re-erupted as the
1142:
620:
593:
474:
14427:
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs – occupied Palestinian territory
11550:(1988). "On Recent Hebrew and Israeli Sources for the Palestinian Exodus, 1947–49".
9630:"UN envoy Prosor: Israel has no chance of stopping recognition of Palestinian state"
7383:
6925:
2926:
Palestinian villagers purchase water from water trucks in Khirbet A-Duqaiqah in the
1698:
25450:
25354:
25180:
24887:
24852:
24822:
24817:
24792:
24601:
24487:
24137:
24092:
24077:
24027:
24007:
23972:
23508:
23224:
22185:
22149:
21796:
21452:
19144:
18833:
18656:
18228:
18055:
17898:
17428:
17211:
17206:
17007:
16848:
16797:
16671:
16616:
16409:
16262:
15783:
15761:
15597:
15458:
15168:
15133:
15080:
14965:
14596:
14061:
13830:
11759:
11668:
11561:
11323:
11283:
10028:
9463:
9195:
8466:
8368:
7839:
7815:
7811:
7371:
6235:
5911:
5156:
4581:
3910:
3875:
3391:
2938:
2902:
2870:
2831:
2592:
2573:
2404:
2267:
2169:
2119:
1806:
1577:
1516:
1198:
1181:
1138:
1137:
hundreds of thousands of Palestinians, and supported the Jordanian army during the
937:
paramilitary campaign of resistance against British authorities by Zionist militias
875:
735:
357:
52:
19270:
12461:
8827:"Smotrich handed sweeping powers over West Bank, control over settlement planning"
3283:
In response to a weakening trend in Palestinian violence and growing economic and
3069:, where Israeli special forces successfully rescued the majority of the hostages.
25231:
25200:
25195:
25040:
24980:
24927:
24857:
24837:
24812:
24802:
24703:
24581:
24286:
24180:
24132:
24112:
24067:
23903:
23838:
23043:
22795:
22248:
22113:
22088:
22071:
21893:
21791:
21547:
21542:
20472:
19525:
18882:
18839:
18492:
18174:
18045:
17956:
17558:
17442:
17226:
17017:
16907:
16875:
16758:
15769:
15710:
15602:
15510:
15213:
15183:
15173:
15138:
15108:
14970:
14592:
14541:
14387:
13784:
13732:
13179:
12171:
11901:
Knowing Too Much: Why the American Jewish Romance with Israel is Coming to an End
11836:
11602:
11484:
10905:
The Fight for Jerusalem: Radical Islam, the West, and the Future of the Holy City
10759:
10703:
10015:
9914:
9404:
8289:
8266:
8090:
8024:
7992:
7863:
7689:
7666:
7454:
5275:
5068:
4858:
3728:
3479:(ERW) casualty data does not exist for the Palestinian territories. In 2009, the
3298:
3073:
2908:
2803:
1961:
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
1844:
1714:
1589:
1585:
1522:
1455:
1275:
1266:
1261:
1114:
867:
653:
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
578:
373:
14303:
The Oslo Accords: International Law and the Israeli-Palestinian Peace Agreements
13302:
12164:
11636:
Foundations of Civil and Political Rights in Israel and the Occupied Territories
9364:
9296:
6574:"U.S. and U.K. launch new wave of strikes, this time targeting Houthis in Yemen"
6147:"Exclusive: Qatar seeking Israel-Hamas deal to free 50 hostages and 3-day truce"
1461:
the Red Sea in protest, to which the United States responded with airstrikes in
647:
constitute one political unit and that Israel continues to illegally occupy the
25236:
25075:
24970:
24965:
24932:
24922:
24912:
24882:
24807:
24797:
24678:
24606:
24501:
24426:
24420:
24390:
24333:
24291:
24195:
24175:
24057:
24052:
23997:
23957:
23926:
23873:
23833:
23740:
23533:
22710:
22487:
22190:
22154:
21472:
19491:
19460:
19217:
18930:
18917:
18089:
18063:
17932:
17760:
17755:
17729:
17563:
17119:
17102:
17066:
17027:
16594:
16589:
16534:
15649:
15616:
15585:
15432:
15248:
15163:
15158:
15075:
15065:
14975:
14884:
14839:
14686:
14176:
The Shortest History of Israel and Palestine: From Zionism to Intifadas and ...
14010:
13982:
13954:
13665:"All wars in the 20th century, since 1900 | the Polynational War Memorial"
13634:
13566:
13303:"From 1947 to 2023: Retracing the complex, tragic Israeli-Palestinian conflict"
12917:"From 1947 to 2023: Retracing the complex, tragic Israeli-Palestinian conflict"
12821:. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2008. Archived from
11309:
11152:
9959:
9454:"Israel used 'calorie count' to limit Gaza food during blockade, critics claim"
8858:"Former US ambassador accuses Israel of 'creeping annexation' of the West Bank"
8292:
7375:
6119:
3879:
3613:
3406:
3234:
3120:, more than a thousand Palestinians were killed in a campaign initiated by the
3117:
3054:
2950:
2695:
2679:
2545:
2487:
2474:
2058:
1770:
1573:
1569:
1490:
1458:
1332:, and cooperation with Egypt allowed a ground blockade of the Egyptian border.
1295:
1218:
1158:
1066:
resulted in a short-term Israeli occupation of the Gaza Strip and exile of the
871:
870:
which recommended the partitioning of Palestine. The two main Zionist leaders,
745:
721:, grew out of the last two decades of the 19th century, largely in response to
695:
574:
495:
367:
22544:
Destruction of cultural heritage during the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
14432:
United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
13875:
9606:
6949:
Amnesty International, The United States, Israel and the Palestinian Authority
5037:
Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization
3914:
3699:
1278:
in September 2000. The violence, escalating into an open conflict between the
25364:
25342:
25241:
24867:
24847:
24782:
24734:
24648:
24355:
24002:
23952:
23898:
23863:
23853:
23801:
23786:
23781:
23730:
23720:
23710:
22816:
22553:
22103:
21575:
21293:
21277:
19019:
18298:
17882:
17734:
17503:
17313:
17124:
17022:
16688:
16599:
16546:
15972:
15253:
15243:
15228:
15208:
15203:
15148:
15143:
15123:
15118:
15113:
15055:
15005:
14753:
14569:
14254:
14073:
13276:
12008:
11800:
11582:
11356:
11008:
9686:
8380:
7542:"Israel moves to green light 2,200 new settlement units, recognizes outposts"
7237:
5836:
5168:
4601:
4593:
4585:
4518:
3326:
2858:
2717:
2510:
2399:
2370:
2231:
1890:
1886:
1875:
1859:
1778:
1656:
1648:
1605:
1597:
1564:
1529:
1349:
1130:
1110:
902:
766:
730:
389:
24351:
Attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq, Jordan, and Syria during the Israel–Hamas war
16439:
14524:
14438:
Academic, news, and similar sites (excluding Israeli or Palestinian sources)
14145:
11512:
11128:. United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine. 1950. Archived from
10819:. The Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies. pp. 21–26. Archived from
8354:"Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967"
5294:
fair for the Jews to be a minority in a unitary Palestinian state, while it
4472:
2756:
2069:, making it the longest military occupation in modern history. In 2024, the
2024:
1344:
and its mission title was changed from "Palestine (represented by PLO)" to "
866:
led to a shift in British policies in the region and the appointment of the
731:
ideologically Zionist immigrants in the decade preceding the First World War
651:
and Gaza Strip. The court also determined that Israeli policies violate the
537:, more than half of the mandate's predominantly Palestinian Arab population
25276:
24917:
24777:
24772:
24628:
24554:
24506:
24296:
24245:
24127:
24087:
24082:
24022:
24017:
24012:
23962:
23878:
23806:
23725:
22159:
22118:
22081:
21908:
21813:
21428:
20467:
19485:
19355:
19011:
18679:
17998:
17776:
17608:
17553:
17466:
16131:
15541:
15263:
15258:
15193:
15188:
15178:
15153:
15128:
15100:
15070:
15045:
14995:
14647:
Map of Palestinian Refugee Camps 1993 (UNRWA/C.I.A./Univ. of Texas, Austin)
14194:
14117:
14089:
14081:
14039:
13964:
13664:
13597:"Palestinian civilians suffer in Israel-Gaza crossfire as death toll rises"
13147:
12299:
12034:
11599:
The False Prophets of Peace: Liberal Zionism and the Struggle for Palestine
11454:
9982:
9805:
9458:
8583:
8322:
8122:
7891:"Saudi former intel chief slams Palestinian's criticism of UAE-Israel deal"
7199:
7015:
5862:
5640:
5064:
5040:
4352:
3803:
3724:
3226:
3034:
2927:
2745:
2709:
2687:
2577:
2569:
2537:
2529:
2470:
2466:
2299:
2108:
1925:
1894:
1774:
1748:
1740:
1652:
1559:
1229:
991:
979:
915:
739:
726:
722:
714:
466:
16452:
14477:
Aix Group – Joint Palestinian-Israeli-international economic working group
13554:
10852:
Contested Holy Places in Israel–Palestine: Sharing and Conflict Resolution
8471:
8454:
7802:"Abbas calls on Obama to enact Arab peace plan as soon as he takes office"
6593:
5868:
Power, Faith, and Fantasy: America in the Middle East, 1776 to the Present
2355:
1854:), also known as the Saudi Initiative, was first proposed by Crown Prince
1232:
of 1993, allowing the PLO to relocate from Tunisia and take ground in the
24892:
24749:
24596:
24591:
24537:
24516:
24383:
24260:
24032:
23893:
23883:
23868:
23771:
23750:
23735:
22901:
21945:
21217:
18729:
17890:
17863:
17719:
17513:
16514:
16194:
15452:
15340:
15085:
15050:
15040:
15025:
15015:
15000:
14990:
14985:
14950:
14904:
14043:
13699:
13036:"Palestinians lose billions to Israeli land bans, says World Bank report"
12731:
Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip
12044:
11547:
11384:
10343:
10250:
8084:'The ICJ Just Demolished One of Israel's Key Defenses of the Occupation,'
7207:
7098:
7025:
5650:
5475:
5160:
4819:
4726:
4643:
4090:
3972:
3603:
3428:
Figures include both Israeli civilians and security forces casualties in
3402:
3305:
2969:
2706:
2641:
2066:
1929:
1871:
1736:
1730:
1542:
1126:
1092:
1080:
1063:
1049:
963:
790:
566:
499:
345:
17328:
10755:"In curious twist, Russia recognizes West Jerusalem as Israel's capital"
8984:
8889:"Netanyahu hands Smotrich full authority to expand existing settlements"
8318:"Hamas presents new charter accepting a Palestine based on 1967 borders"
8283:‘Israel always sold the occupation as legal. The ICJ now terrifies them’
7704:
6533:"Three US troops killed in drone attack in Jordan, more than 30 injured"
2632:
2415:
recognition of sovereign Palestine by granting non-member state status.
2125:
2103:
24827:
24744:
24739:
24668:
24377:
24301:
24270:
24255:
24152:
19451:
19207:
18516:
17437:
15020:
15010:
14980:
14960:
14955:
14389:
The Writing on the Wall: Rethinking the International Law of Occupation
14244:
14216:
14052:
11771:
11573:
11335:
11295:
10960:"Extremists – Talking With Jewish Extremists | Israel's Next War?"
9396:
The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
9091:"What's the ICJ case against Israel's illegal occupation of Palestine?"
8644:"Historical, Legal, and Political Aspects of Israeli Settlement Policy"
8388:
4411:
4333:
Palestinian economic and social life would be unimpeded by restrictions
4312:
4135:"UN rights chief warns of heightened risk of 'atrocity crimes' in Gaza"
3532:
3433:
3058:
3039:
2661:
2062:
1910:
1626:
1328:, Hamas took full control of the area. In 2007, Israel imposed a naval
1237:
1106:
632:
435:
405:
344:
and 15,000 killed with a further 413,000 Palestinians displaced in the
23208:
United States complicity in Israeli war crimes in the Israel–Hamas war
3847:
War over Peace: One Hundred Years of Israel's Militaristic Nationalism
3012:
and destruction of wells, and physical barriers within the West Bank.
2995:
Economy of the State of Palestine § Israeli–Palestinian relations
2513:
declaring "Jerusalem, complete and united, is the capital of Israel."
1058:
militants' cross-border attacks into Israel, while Israel carried out
24511:
24190:
23195:
19431:
19196:
18644:
17548:
17498:
16119:
15218:
15090:
14909:
14672:
Map of Jericho and Vicinity Jan. 1994 (C.I.A./Univ. of Texas, Austin)
14585:
14456:
13960:
Brokers of Deceit: How the US Has Undermined Peace in the Middle East
13802:
13004:
Coping with Conflict: Poverty and Inclusion in the West Bank and Gaza
11089:
10920:"Targeting Heritage: The Abuse of Symbolic Sites in Modern Conflicts"
10900:
10282:
10061:"EU moves to stop funding Palestinian terrorists, inciting textbooks"
9772:
9706:
9527:
8736:"Jewish settler population in the West Bank surpasses half a million"
7834:
7741:
7639:"Annapolis joint declaration to focus on goals of final status talks"
7226:"Camp David and After: An Exchange (1. An Interview with Ehud Barak)"
6211:"Gaza war inflicts catastrophic damage on infrastructure and economy"
5906:
5213:
4736:
3941:
3608:
3472:
3429:
3101:
2933:
2657:
2585:
2115:
2054:
2042:
1932:
gave a cautious welcome to the plan. In 2015, Israeli Prime Minister
1706:
1443:
1404:
1336:
1233:
1102:
581:
respectively. Israel's occupation, which is now considered to be the
419:
14641:
12136:"Victims of Palestinian Violence and Terrorism since September 2000"
11796:
Righteous victims: a history of the Zionist-Arab conflict, 1881–2001
11763:
11565:
11352:
Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist–Arab conflict, 1881–2001
11327:
11287:
10545:
Scheindlin (November 2017). "The shrinking Two-State Constituency".
9801:"Abbas defies US with formal call for Palestinian recognition by UN"
9422:"2,279 Calories per Person: How Israel Made Sure Gaza Didn't Starve"
8372:
6262:
4565:
3421:
were killed in the conflict from 2008 to September 2023, before the
3348:. The reason given is: more deaths due to the war beginning in 2023.
3149:
2740:
Historically, there has been debate over the relative impact of the
25251:
24960:
24456:
23745:
21979:
21940:
16753:
14942:
14763:
14740:
12787:
12588:
12556:
12524:
12256:
9893:
The Israeli–Palestinian Peace Negotiations, 1999–2001: Within Reach
9556:"Reaction mixed to Israeli announcement on easing of Gaza blockade"
7927:
6598:
6578:
6558:
6282:
6104:
5210:
Military Preparations of the Arab Community in Palestine: 1945–1948
4276:"Canadian Policy on Key Issues in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict"
4249:
3125:
1898:
549:
was established on most of the former mandate's territory, and the
14579:
14016:
The Iron Cage: The Story of the Palestinian Struggle for Statehood
13798:"B'Tselem: 773 of Palestinians killed in Cast Lead were civilians"
12989:
10697:"Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel (Unofficial translation)"
7659:
Joint Understanding Read by President Bush at Annapolis Conference
6358:"Order respecting South Africa's request for provisional measures"
3660:
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
2236:
Economy of the Gaza Strip § Israeli policies and their impact
21830:
19132:
19038:
18913:
18723:
17714:
17669:
17644:
13560:
12666:
12466:
11869:
11489:
Under the Cover of War: The Zionist Expulsion of the Palestinians
10218:
9768:"Netanyahu: PA attempt to become a permanent UN member will fail"
9634:
9426:
8923:
8093:
8056:
7806:
7709:
7643:
7546:
6215:
6151:
6080:"In Israel and the U.S., 'apartheid' is the elephant in the room"
6034:
5970:"Gaza: Palestinian Rockets Unlawfully Targeted Israeli Civilians"
4938:
3410:
3285:
security cooperation between Israel and the Palestinian Authority
2912:
2683:
2649:
2525:
2502:
2202:
who was shot dead while reporting in the West Bank on 11 May 2022
1995:
1097:
1020:. This land is internationally recognized as belonging to Israel.
983:
894:
794:
778:
705:
462:
24409:
Palestinian sports during the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
14483:
Crash Course World History 223: Conflict in Israel and Palestine
10002:
9978:"Academic claims Israeli school textbooks contain bias - Israel"
8919:"Amnesty says some Israeli West Bank killings may be war crimes"
8118:"Israel is committing the crime of apartheid, rights group says"
3139:
2610:
was re-opened with the intent of causing the mosque's collapse.
482:
issued by Britain, which promised to support the creation of a "
400:
At least 42,509+ Palestinians and 1,668+ Israelis killed in the
19607:
19136:
19050:
18940:
17704:
17699:
17456:
17451:
14758:
14494:
14460:
11826:
11824:
11274:
Flapan, Simha (Summer 1987). "The Palestinian Exodus of 1948".
10924:
Marketing heritage: archaeology and the consumption of the past
10029:"EU holds PA funds after reform of antisemitic textbooks fails"
9863:"Palestinians win implicit U.N. recognition of sovereign state"
8519:
4164:
3437:
3000:
2764:
2645:
2596:
2393: Countries that have not recognised the State of Palestine
2338:
2130:
1270:
Aftermath of a Palestinian suicide bombing on a bus in Tel Aviv
932:
832:
782:
770:
562:
546:
470:
236:
14452:
13456:"UN: Israel has dismantled 20 percent of West Bank checkpoint"
12462:"Defense officials concerned as Hamas upgrades Qassam arsenal"
11665:
The Palestine Yearbook of International Law 2001–2002: Vol. 11
10608:"Overview of the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians"
8766:"Israel to ramp up settlement expansion in occupied West Bank"
8555:"Settlements grow on Arab land, despite promises made to U.S."
5070:
One State, Two States: Resolving the Israel/Palestine Conflict
3655:"Occupied Palestinian Territory: Overview Map | December 2011"
2786:
United States security assistance to the Palestinian Authority
1523:
Creation of the Palestinian Authority and Security Cooperation
1012:
862:
The cost and risks associated with the revolt and the ongoing
356:
654 Israeli and 19,085 Palestinian and Lebanese deaths in the
25055:
19554:
19549:
19340:
17739:
17709:
17654:
17543:
17533:
17475:
17432:
14803:
14798:
12757:"Oslo+21 and Water Problems in Palestine: A Story of Failure"
11175:
United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees
8020:"Netanyahu backs 'general idea' behind Arab Peace Initiative"
7357:"Visions in Collision – What Happened at Camp David and Taba"
7256:
6798:
6594:"What we know about US retaliatory strikes in Iraq and Syria"
6120:"Israeli-Palestinian death toll highest since 2005: UN envoy"
6100:"Israel judicial reform explained: What is the crisis about?"
5332:
Louwerse, Colter (16 April 2024). Stern-Weiner, Jamie (ed.).
4527:. Routledge Studies in Genocide and Crimes against Humanity.
4185:
The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: What Everyone Needs to Know
3097:
2834:
opened fire in a mosque, killing 29 people and injuring 125.
2691:
2653:
2564:
2533:
1902:
1782:
1744:
1438:, with Israel engaging in clashes with local militias in the
1431:, but did not order Israel to suspend its military campaign.
1388:
1145:. However, the Palestinian base in Jordan collapsed with the
987:
558:
341:
314:
298:
19:
For the current phase of the conflict beginning in 2023, see
14570:
A history of Israel, Palestine and the Arab-Israeli Conflict
13488:"Israel sets up trial program to expedite PA export process"
11821:
10710:. Passed by the Knesset on the 17th Av, 5740 (30 July 1980).
6410:"World Court stops short of Gaza ceasefire order for Israel"
4524:
Last Lectures on the Prevention and Intervention of Genocide
2276:
1893:
also supported the plan and officially asked U.S. President
18980:
14610:
Jewish and Israeli "peace movement" news and advocacy sites
14553:: Gaza affiliate of the International Commission of Jurists
14550:
13746:"B'Tselem: Since 2000, 7,454 Israelis, Palestinians killed"
13207:"Attempt to carry explosives device on El Al flight foiled"
9833:"Security Council rejects Palestinian statehood resolution"
9408:
7509:"Renewed Hope for Peace Talks as Arafat Returns to Mideast"
7153:
6940:
Human Rights Watch, An Analysis of the Wye River Memorandum
6473:
5197:. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine. 1946. pp. 38–49.
4412:
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica (26 October 2020).
2999:
The conflict has been about land since its inception. When
2600:
2387: Countries that have recognised the State of Palestine
1832:
966:
supported the Arab struggle by forming the volunteer-based
203:
Division of Israeli control and Palestinian control by the
14667:
Map of Jerusalem Mar. 1993 (C.I.A./Univ. of Texas, Austin)
14556:
14529:
14508:
OneVoice Movement – One Million Voices to End the Conflict
14426:
13360:"2009 W.Bank terror activity down by 97% compared to 2002"
11521:(Repr. ed.). Oxford: Oneworld Publications. pp.
11217:
8426:. Vol. 14. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 141.
7177:
6627:
4387:"The Roots of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: 1882–1914"
3799:
Politics and Society in Modern Israel: Myths and Realities
3278:
2895:
Water supply and sanitation in the Palestinian territories
2559:
1773:, center, discusses the peace process with Prime Minister
1472:
1117:. Each of these territories except the Sinai remain under
1016:
Land in the lighter shade represents territory within the
24415:
Options for a policy regarding Gaza's civilian population
13392:"PA security forces seize 17 bombs, transfer them to IDF"
11170:
10969:
10726:
9257:
9126:
GISHA, A Guide to the Gaza Closure: In Israel's own words
8307:, pp. 121–147, Eran, Oded. "Arab-Israel Peacemaking"
7606:"Mapping the dead in latest Israeli-Palestinian violence"
7204:
Arafat's War: The Man and His Battle for Israeli Conquest
6537:
6145:
Mills, Andrew; Hassan, Ahmed Mohamed (15 November 2023).
5733:
3045:
2484:
2195:
2139:
Israeli settlements to be illegal under international law
1979:
living in Israel, the West Bank and Gaza constituted the
1074:, to the detriment of the Palestinian national movement.
372:
1,010 Israelis and up to 3,354 Palestinian deaths in the
350:
6,373 Israeli and 3,000–13,000 Palestinian deaths in the
14534:
14512:
14431:
13520:"IDF mulls entry to West Bank cities by Jewish Israelis"
13098:
9910:"Some experts question extent of Palestinian incitement"
3866:"The 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon: the casualties".
3679:
1735:
The Israeli negotiation team presented a new map at the
927:. By the end of World War II, a crisis over the fate of
23670:
Defense for Children International – Palestine v. Biden
14574:
14199:
The Continuum Political Encyclopedia of the Middle East
12872:
12662:"How many Palestinians actually live in the West Bank?"
11427:
The Dark Side of Democracy: Explaining Ethnic Cleansing
9523:"Cabinet: All non-military items can enter Gaza freely"
9277:
7685:"Abbas admits he rejected 2008 peace offer from Olmert"
6776:
6774:
5902:"Hamas: Rockets will stop when Gaza borders are opened"
4864:
The Israel–Palestine Conflict: One Hundred Years of War
2837:
The Israeli government initiated the construction of a
2356:
United Nations and Recognition of Palestinian statehood
1026:
Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel
686:
Military operations of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
519:
22643:
Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus
21369:
Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus
14123:
The birth of the Palestinian refugee problem revisited
13030:
13028:
11312:(Winter 1992). "Observations on the Right of Return".
8706:"Chapter 3: Israeli Settlements and International Law"
8676:"Chapter 3: Israeli Settlements and International Law"
7574:"UN: Israeli-Palestinian violence nears 'catastrophe'"
7484:. Embassy of the United States, Israel. Archived from
3938:
Routledge Handbook on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
3087:
2426:
Schoolbooks published for both Israeli and Palestinian
1040:
was declared by the Arab League on 22 September 1948.
901:
carrying illegal Jewish immigrants from Europe at the
25326:
18993:
History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel
17396:
15285:
12997:"Poverty and the Labor Market: A Sheer Lack of Jobs?"
11580:
Childers, Irskine (12 May 1961). "The Other Exodus".
11461:. The Crimes of War Education Project. Archived from
10309:
Stern-Weiner, Jamie (November 2017). "Introduction".
6746:
6744:
6742:
6729:
6727:
1290:. In 2005, Israeli Prime Minister Sharon ordered the
942:
366:
1,962 Palestinians and 179–200 Israeli deaths in the
16:
Ongoing military and political conflict in the Levant
23647:
Legal Consequences of Israeli Policies and Practices
14564:
Jewish and Israeli academic, news, and similar sites
14048:"Counting the dead in Gaza: difficult but essential"
13868:"Country Overviews – Occupied Palestinian Territory"
9578:
9223:"Israel: Unlawful Gaza Blockade Deadly for Children"
7830:"Hamas' al-Zahar: Arab peace initiative impractical"
7651:
6771:
5313:
5103:
4839:
3466:
3454:
International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism
3057:
became a regular hijacking target. The hijacking of
2348:
Palestinian protesters in the Gaza Strip during the
1817:, United States. The conference aimed to revive the
1687:
1101:
During the Six-Day War in 1967, Israel captured the
418:
is an ongoing military and political conflict about
22954:
International recognition of the State of Palestine
14444:
U.S. Attempts at Peace between Israel and Palestine
13778:"Casualties in Operation Cast Lead: A closer look."
13025:
12941:
12842:
12840:
12397:
Justice for Some: Law and the Question of Palestine
11077:
10907:. Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing. pp. 5–6.
10669:
Continuum Political Encyclopedia of the Middle East
10499:
9943:
Religious Stereotyping and Interreligious Relations
9547:
9323:"Court extends remand of Israelis aboard Gaza ship"
9061:
9059:
9057:
9044:
9042:
9029:
9027:
9025:
9023:
6371:
5364:
Justice for Some: Law and the Question of Palestine
3447:
3254:
international recognition of the State of Palestine
3249:significance and of potentially dangerous persons.
2968:A report was released by the UN in August 2012 and
2362:
International recognition of the State of Palestine
2198:carrying photos of Palestinian-American journalist
1915:
Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement
1889:immediately embraced the initiative. His successor
1018:
borders of Israel at the conclusion of the 1948 war
809:, and the evacuation of Jews from Hebron and Gaza.
25066:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
18912:
16530:Insurgency in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
14652:Map of Israel 2008 (C.I.A./Univ. of Texas, Austin)
14618:, Published by Jews for Justice in the Middle East
13088:Palestine and the Palestinians in the 21st century
12903:The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: 100 Years of War
10874:
10720:Diamond, Jeremy; Labott, Elise (6 December 2017).
10181:"In Israel, an ugly tide sweeps over Palestinians"
9599:"Israeli minister says Palestinians losing UN bid"
9108:
9071:
7988:"Olmert gives cautious welcome to Arab peace plan"
6817:
6815:
6813:
6739:
6724:
4934:, p. 361, "al-Husseini, Hajj (Muhammad) Amin"
4816:Image and Reality of the Israel-Palestine Conflict
2810:. Eight people were killed, about 40 were injured.
1355:
1292:removal of Israeli settlers and soldiers from Gaza
1286:, lasted until 2004/2005 and led to approximately
1054:Through the 1950s, Jordan and Egypt supported the
22987:
22959:Israeli blockade of the Gaza Strip (2023–present)
18974:Laws and customs of the Land of Israel in Judaism
18423:
14629:Arabs and Israelis held hostage by a common enemy
14448:Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives
12894:
11995:"Olmert Rejects Right of Return for Palestinians"
11085:The Israel–Palestine Conflict Parallel discourses
10649:
10647:
10645:
9398:The Humanitarian Monitor. December Overview, 2011
9297:"Interception of the Gaza flotilla-Legal aspects"
8528:Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research
8044:
6320:
5938:"Abbas: No justification for Gaza rocket attacks"
4414:"Balfour Declaration | History & Impact"
3730:Six Days: How the 1967 War Shaped the Middle East
3259:
2014:
25362:
14716:
14037:
13321:
13106:"Palestinian Economic Recovery Plan Takes Shape"
12965:"Agriculture in Palestine: a post-Oslo Analysis"
12944:Nakba: Palestine, 1948, and the Claims of Memory
12837:
12576:
12213:
10722:"Trump recognizes Jerusalem as Israel's capital"
10278:"Gaza kindergartners want to 'blow up Zionists'"
9054:
9039:
9020:
8012:
6328:"Israel-Hamas War: Update from Patrick Kingsley"
6179:"What we know about the captives taken by Hamas"
5723:
5721:
4502:
4500:
4498:
4170:
3388:Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
1754:
1310:
1197:led to the Israeli full-scale invasion known as
1036:and Egypt taking over the Gaza Strip, where the
931:from Europe led to renewed tensions between the
23455:March for the Republic and Against Antisemitism
23319:Proposed Israeli resettlement of the Gaza Strip
23027:Casualties of Israeli attacks on the Gaza Strip
14367:Bashi, Sari (2017). Stern-Weiner, Jamie (ed.).
12298:. IDF Military Advocate General. Archived from
10517:
10472:
10470:
10327:
9490:"Israel set calorie limit during Gaza blockade"
7275:Malley, Robert; Agha, Hussein (9 August 2001).
7120:
7118:
7049:
7047:
7045:
6852:
6810:
6554:"Houthis claim new attacks on Red Sea shipping"
6000:"Seven Truths About Israel, Hamas and Violence"
5514:
4955:
4953:
4951:
4949:
4453:
4347:
4345:
4343:
4341:
4298:
4132:
3559:International law and the Arab–Israeli conflict
3492:do not have maps or records of the minefields.
3471:A comprehensive collection mechanism to gather
2217:
2161:, seriously hindering economic development and
1897:to adopt it as part of his Middle East policy.
21819:Mossad infiltration of Iranian nuclear archive
21754:2024 Iranian missile strikes in Iraq and Syria
21323:
17281:Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus
14677:Pew Global Research – worldwide public opinion
14453:Gaza\Sderot : Life in spite of everything
13828:
13134:
12727:"Annex III: Protocol Concerning Civil Affairs"
12620:
10642:
10518:Cleveland, William L.; Bunton, Martin (2010).
9969:
9735:"Obama at UN declares 'no shortcuts' to peace"
9355:"Position paper on the naval blockade on Gaza"
9120:
7397:
7010:
7008:
7006:
6853:Cleveland, William L.; Bunton, Martin (2010).
5515:Cleveland, William L.; Bunton, Martin (2010).
4133:Tétrault-Farber, Gabrielle (6 December 2023).
3963:
3961:
2806:hit by suicide bomber in the aftermath of the
1255:
831:in Palestine, motivated by opposition to mass
602:violating the human rights of the Palestinians
25096:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
24543:Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine
24472:
23613:War crimes and crimes against humanity report
22186:Allegations of involvement of UNRWA employees
21995:
21309:
20551:
19590:
19256:
18898:
18409:
17810:
17382:
17344:
16468:
16444:
14702:
14616:The Origin of the Palestine – Israel Conflict
14325:Roy, Sara (2024). Stern-Weiner, Jamie (ed.).
14172:
13787:Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya. 2009. PDF.
13719:
13629:
13627:
13590:
13588:
12959:
12957:
12719:
12320:
12180:
11596:
11223:
10719:
10636:
9596:
9514:
7350:
7348:
7346:
7344:
7342:
7081:
6611:
6609:
5718:
4980:"History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict"
4974:
4972:
4970:
4968:
4495:
4358:1948: A history of the first Arab–Israeli war
3140:Overriding authority and international status
3063:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
3015:
2937:A swimming pool in the Israeli settlement of
2257:
1959:determined that Israeli policies violate the
1659:during the Oslo Accords on 13 September 1993.
1315:In 2006, Hamas won a plurality of 44% in the
1212:
394:285 Palestinian and 17 Israeli deaths in the
24212:Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
23514:National March on Washington: Free Palestine
22549:Environmental impact of the Israel–Hamas war
12775:
12692:
12512:
11421:
11065:, pp. 724–29, Efrat, Moshe. "Refugees."
11027:"Secret tunnel under Al-Aqsa Mosque exposed"
10665:
10467:
10308:
9964:Israel/Palestine: How to End the War of 1948
9253:"As World Focuses On Gaza, Grim Lives Go On"
7883:
7417:"Clinton: Arafat changed mind on peace deal"
7268:
7115:
7042:
6657:
6621:
5269:"Historical Time Line for Israel/Palestine."
4946:
4338:
3539:Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
3508:Timeline of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
2819:Israeli military targets and installations.
2779:
1553:
727:Jewish colonization began during this period
679:Timeline of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
585:in modern history, has seen it constructing
461:The conflict has its origins in the rise of
23410:2024 University of Texas at Austin stabbing
23240:Israeli torture in the occupied territories
22912:Alon Shamriz, Yotam Haim, and Samer Talalka
21777:Assassination of Iranian nuclear scientists
21254:Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates
20574:Foreign relations of the State of Palestine
16482:
16380:Comparisons between Israel and Nazi Germany
15910:
15831:
13925:
13619:roughly 6,400 Palestinians and 300 Israelis
13549:
13547:
13060:
12935:
12427:
11903:. New York: OR Books. pp. Chapter 10.
11895:
10401:
10151:"PA TV glorifies murderers of Fogel family"
9663:
9159:"Israel announces 'total' blockade on Gaza"
8459:International Journal of Constitutional Law
7171:
7159:
7053:
7003:
6958:
6786:
6618:, Politicide, Containment, and Pacification
6144:
5823:"Hamas Leader Faults Israeli Sanction Plan"
5782:
5752:
5278:UMass Amherst. 5 April 2005. 14 March 2013.
4925:
4806:
4672:
4636:
4465:
3958:
3921:
3589:List of modern conflicts in the Middle East
3569:Israeli Committee Against House Demolitions
3523:Israeli–Palestinian conflict in video games
3178:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2712:demolished during the second Intifada, 2002
2584:Since the early 20th century, the issue of
2548:. For Christians, Jerusalem is the site of
1805:The Annapolis Conference was a Middle East
1777:of Israel, left, and Palestinian President
1713:proposals was delayed by the advent of the
1682:committee's findings were published in 2001
1633:
949:United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine
673:History of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
655:. Since 2006, Hamas and Israel have fought
643:rebuffed this stance, determining that the
24479:
24465:
24404:Israeli demolition of Palestinian property
22002:
21988:
21316:
21302:
20558:
20544:
19597:
19583:
19263:
19249:
18905:
18891:
18868:Israeli–Lebanese maritime border agreement
18416:
18402:
17817:
17803:
17389:
17375:
17351:
17337:
16475:
16461:
14709:
14695:
13624:
13585:
12954:
12130:
12128:
11491:. Arabicus Books & Media. p. 23.
10544:
10440:
10438:
8604:
8576:
8449:
8202:
7956:"Sharon warns Saudi plan may be Arab plot"
7474:
7339:
7274:
7087:
6889:
6887:
6821:
6606:
5467:
4965:
2179:
2085:for the damage the occupation has caused.
2041:Protest against land confiscation held at
430:. Key aspects of the conflict include the
21862:Russia and the Iran–Israel proxy conflict
21424:1992 Buenos Aires Israeli embassy bombing
18578:UN Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 242
18552:UN General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution 194
17358:
13862:
13860:
13858:
13856:
13594:
12879:, Heinrich-Böll-Foundation, p. 229,
12584:"Playing cat and mouse with Gaza rockets"
12165:"Palestinian Anti-Terrorism Act of 2006."
11058:
11056:
11054:
10922:. In Rowan, Yorke M.; Baram, Uzi (eds.).
9903:
9901:
9135:Oxfam International, Cease Failure, p. 7.
8470:
8424:The Italian Yearbook of International Law
8361:The American Journal of International Law
7822:
7793:
7194:
7192:
6551:
6377:
5207:
4962:, pp. 58–121, "Arab-Israel Conflict"
4110:
4006:"IDF releases Cast Lead casualty numbers"
3936:. In Newman, David; Peters, Joel (eds.).
3927:
3795:
3518:Bibliography of the Arab–Israeli conflict
3198:Learn how and when to remove this message
3134:Palestinian Human Rights Monitoring Group
2808:2011 southern Israel cross-border attacks
2771:Although Israel accepts the right of the
1609:Palestinian state to exist. In 1993, the
635:rather than in terms of its status as an
25176:Coat of arms of the United Arab Republic
25106:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation
25071:Independence Party (Mandatory Palestine)
23277:September 2024 Israel ceasefire protests
23257:
22468:Airstrikes on municipal services in Gaza
21498:Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)
15718:
15657:
15577:
15492:
15391:
15317:
14551:Palestinian Centre for Human Rights PCHR
14250:The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World
13544:
13327:
11992:
11799:(1st Vintage Books ed.). New York:
11579:
11355:(1st Vintage Books ed.). New York:
10444:
10246:"When Israelis Teach Their Kids To Hate"
9975:
9699:
9659:
9657:
9590:
9520:
8076:
7682:
7539:
7354:
7262:
7183:
5820:
5331:
4214:The Israel-Palestine Conflict: A History
3544:Allegations of war crimes against Israel
3366:
3209:
3091:
3024:The barrier between Israel and Palestine
3019:
2932:
2921:
2899:Water politics in the Jordan River basin
2797:
2755:
2700:
2631:
2563:
2478:
2369:
2343:
2296:tightened its blockade of the Gaza Strip
2275:
2189:
2124:
2102:
2036:
2033:Status of territories captured by Israel
1833:Arab Peace Initiative (2002, 2007, 2017)
1796:
1764:
1697:
1643:
1621:The process took a turning point at the
1563:
1415:almost two million people. South Africa
1359:
1302:and many other international bodies and
1265:
1096:
1011:
1001:
889:
822:
812:
689:
382:. 1,116–1,417 Palestinian deaths in the
83:Late 19th / early 20th century – present
26:For broader coverage of this topic, see
25051:Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction)
25036:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
22503:World Central Kitchen aid convoy attack
21904:People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran
21676:Israeli–Syrian ceasefire line incidents
21463:2008 Israel–Hezbollah prisoner exchange
17915:Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon
17242:Islamic State insurgency in Deir ez-Zor
16425:There was no such thing as Palestinians
16056:
14467:Global Politician – Middle-East Section
14009:
13981:
13953:
13635:"Twentieth Century Atlas – Death Tolls"
13140:
12942:Sa'id, Ahmad; Abu-Lughod, Lila (2007).
12905:. New York: Cambridge University Press.
12783:"Water war leaves Palestinians thirsty"
12614:
12332:
12252:"Analysis: Palestinian suicide attacks"
12219:
12125:
12085:"The Occupation's Traits of Permanence"
12082:
12070:
12033:
11958:
11923:
11633:
11546:
11383:
11308:
11199:
10805:
10572:"The Occupation's Traits of Permanence"
10569:
10435:
10366:
10333:
10122:
9798:
9765:
9700:Benhorin, Yitzhak (13 September 2011).
9377:
8855:
8420:
8348:
8109:
7953:
7856:
7673:, Annapolis, Maryland; 27 November 2007
7500:
7311:
7124:
7014:
6893:
6884:
6780:
5677:
5639:
5580:
5545:
5502:
5431:
5263:
5261:
5259:
5137:
5022:
5010:
4919:
4725:
4690:
4642:
4459:
4447:
4111:McCluskey, Mitchell (6 December 2023).
3789:
3279:Actions toward stabilizing the conflict
2975:
2613:
2560:Holy sites and Jerusalem's Temple Mount
1977:policies of Israel towards Palestinians
1483:Palestinian Declaration of Independence
1473:Attempts to reach a peaceful settlement
1187:Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon
729:, it was not until the arrival of more
663:of which began in 2023 and is ongoing.
446:, borders, security, water rights, the
25363:
25046:Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction)
23235:Cemetery destruction and necroviolence
22969:Queer advocacy in the Israel–Hamas war
18860:Israel–Morocco normalization agreement
18850:Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement
16978:Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes
14535:Al-Haq: Palestinian Human Rights Group
14299:
14271:
14243:
14215:
14116:
14088:
13900:
13853:
13013:from the original on 16 September 2012
12900:
12659:
12626:
12564:from the original on 23 September 2011
12487:
12390:
12378:
12366:
12282:
12186:
12119:
11862:
11792:
11747:
11662:
11348:
11273:
11235:
11211:
11073:
11071:
11051:
10917:
10849:
10767:from the original on 22 September 2020
10505:
10126:The Oslo Idea: The Euphoria of Failure
10091:
9898:
9780:from the original on 23 September 2011
9702:"US to 'adamantly object' PA's UN bid"
9002:
8886:
8824:
8546:
8115:
7521:from the original on 20 September 2012
7447:
7403:
7189:
6997:
6985:
6879:
6846:
6804:
6792:
6750:
6718:
6706:
6694:
6615:
6552:Armstrong, Kathryn (6 February 2024).
5712:
5627:
5615:
5455:
5443:
5407:
5395:
5360:
5319:
5307:
5287:
5121:
5109:
5063:
4903:
4857:
4845:
4775:
4763:
4563:
4517:
4506:
4351:
4211:
4182:
4003:
3861:
3859:
3766:
3697:
3685:
3579:Israeli–Palestinian conflict in Hebron
3266:Economy of the Palestinian territories
3046:Palestinian violence outside of Israel
2988:
2501:The Israeli government, including the
2454:
2137:The international community considers
2092:
1403:retaliated by conducting an extensive
1152:
955:General Assembly of the United Nations
388:2,125–2,310 Palestinian deaths in the
24460:
23245:Proposed Israeli resettlement of Gaza
21983:
21919:Views on military action against Iran
21297:
20539:
19578:
19244:
18886:
18397:
17824:
17798:
17370:
17332:
16456:
16443:
16363:
16045:
15284:
14930:
14728:
14690:
14603:What the Fight in Israel Is All About
14385:
14366:
14144:
13675:from the original on 20 December 2012
13309:from the original on 15 November 2023
13085:
13066:
12923:from the original on 15 November 2023
12763:from the original on 25 November 2023
12459:
11751:American Journal of International Law
11638:. GRIN Verlag oHG. pp. 245–246.
11590:
11511:
11483:
11249:"Right of return: Palestinian dream?"
10994:
10926:. Rowman Altamira. pp. 183–202.
10752:
10211:
9940:Jesper Svartvik, Jakob Wirén (eds.),
9922:from the original on 12 February 2014
9843:from the original on 15 November 2018
9714:from the original on 15 November 2018
9654:
9627:
9553:
9303:from the original on 30 December 2011
9114:
9077:
8981:GISHA, What is the Separation Policy?
8963:from the original on 22 November 2018
8899:from the original on 13 November 2023
8868:from the original on 24 February 2023
8641:
8610:
8590:(2nd ed.). Jirlac Publications.
8582:
8552:
8298:
8130:from the original on 2 February 2022.
8000:from the original on 20 December 2016
7935:from the original on 14 December 2006
7850:
7799:
7781:from the original on 11 November 2016
7618:from the original on 29 November 2015
7554:from the original on 30 November 2015
7293:from the original on 6 September 2018
7198:
6873:
6733:
6663:
6513:from the original on 12 November 2023
6481:from the original on 18 December 2023
6466:
6448:from the original on 17 December 2023
6191:from the original on 15 December 2023
6159:from the original on 17 November 2023
5980:from the original on 28 November 2018
5821:Erlanger, Steven (18 February 2006).
5419:
5034:
4678:
4471:
4242:"A History of Conflict: Introduction"
3900:
3894:
3723:
3700:"The Solemn History Behind Nakba Day"
3667:from the original on 11 November 2023
2960:According to a report of 2008 by the
2742:causes of the 1948 Palestinian exodus
2669:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
2107:A neighbourhood in the settlement of
1789:One peace proposal, presented by the
1724:
24486:
23390:2023 Nicosia Israeli embassy bombing
23215:Sexual violence against Palestinians
22009:
21936:Israel and state-sponsored terrorism
21707:2011 alleged Iran assassination plot
21646:September 2018 Syria missile strikes
21616:December 2014 Rif Dimashq airstrikes
21419:1982 kidnapping of Iranian diplomats
18855:Israel–Sudan normalization agreement
18594:Israel–Syria disengagement agreement
18271:Southern Israel cross-border attacks
18183:Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel
18114:Iraqi missile attacks against Israel
16327:South African allegation of genocide
14559:: Gush-Shalom Israeli Peace Movement
14525:Human Rights Watch: Israel/Palestine
14193:
13609:from the original on 12 October 2023
13595:Alfonseca, Kiara (11 October 2023).
13573:from the original on 12 October 2023
13263:"How Israel builds its fifth column"
13250:Encyclopedia of the Developing World
13238:Encyclopedia of the Developing World
13143:"How Does Palestine's Economy Work?"
12866:
12854:from the original on 4 November 2013
12795:from the original on 5 November 2012
12674:from the original on 1 November 2014
12641:from the original on 16 October 2015
12264:from the original on 15 January 2010
12140:Israeli Ministry of Internal Affairs
11877:from the original on 30 October 2017
11062:
10976:from the original on 12 October 2017
10899:
10811:
10787:"UN security Council Resolution 478"
10734:from the original on 26 January 2018
10690:
10672:. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 495.
10653:
9990:from the original on 17 October 2022
9799:McGreal, Chris (23 September 2011).
9766:Medzini, Ronen (18 September 2011).
9502:from the original on 15 October 2014
9470:from the original on 25 October 2014
9335:from the original on 15 October 2015
9265:from the original on 12 October 2017
9233:from the original on 18 October 2023
9203:from the original on 2 November 2023
8837:from the original on 5 November 2023
8776:from the original on 8 November 2023
8746:from the original on 9 November 2023
8489:
8414:
8304:
8223:
8158:from the original on 1 February 2022
8064:from the original on 1 February 2023
7915:
7717:from the original on 3 December 2015
7683:Federman, Josef (19 November 2015).
7636:
7586:from the original on 8 December 2015
7507:Wren, Christopher (3 January 2001).
7506:
7462:from the original on 8 December 2015
6390:from the original on 26 January 2024
6378:Rajvanshi, Astha (26 January 2024).
6338:from the original on 26 January 2024
6243:from the original on 1 November 2023
6042:from the original on 2 December 2023
5861:
5740:from the original on 21 January 2009
5727:
5256:
4985:. PBS. December 2001. Archived from
4959:
4931:
4234:
4067:. Human Rights Council. 23 June 2015
3969:"B'Tselem – Statistics – Fatalities"
3769:The Politics of Jerusalem Since 1967
3599:Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel
3513:Outline of the 2023 Israel–Hamas war
3490:Palestinian National Security Forces
3330:
3176:adding citations to reliable sources
3143:
2436:
2333:On 20 June 2010, in response to the
2163:freedom of movement for Palestinians
1497:
1280:Palestinian National Security Forces
378:402 Palestinians were killed in the
71:for a more detailed and updated map.
61:, as of December 2011, per the
25086:National Liberation Front (Algeria)
23100:Calls for the destruction of Israel
22791:Hostages and Missing Families Forum
22598:April 2024 Israeli settler rampages
22583:Israeli incursions in the West Bank
22293:Al-Shati and Tuffah dual airstrikes
21970:Category:Iran–Israel proxy conflict
21734:Yarmouk munitions factory explosion
21656:November 2019 Syria missile strikes
21636:February 2018 Israel–Syria incident
19289:Palestine (British Mandate borders)
18969:History of ancient Israel and Judah
17309:Dissident Irish republican campaign
17183:Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency
16655:Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso
16505:Allied Democratic Forces insurgency
16398:Israeli criticism of the occupation
14575:Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs
14546:International Commission of Jurists
14345:
14324:
13832:Gaza: An Inquest into Its Martyrdom
11723:"A/RES/181(II) of 29 November 1947"
11697:"A/RES/181(II) of 29 November 1947"
11656:
11627:
11181:from the original on 7 January 2022
11150:
11106:from the original on 9 October 2023
11068:
10940:from the original on 9 October 2023
10521:A History of the Modern Middle East
10485:. Institute for Palestine Studies.
10483:The Gaza Strip extended 3rd edition
10476:
10123:Israeli, Raphael (14 August 2012).
10104:from the original on 28 August 2022
10053:
9976:Sherwood, Harriet (6 August 2011).
9966:, Seven Stories Press, 2011 p. 107.
9895:, Taylor & Francis, 2006 p. 19.
9642:from the original on 31 August 2011
9584:
9283:
9171:from the original on 9 October 2023
9145:
9065:
9048:
9033:
9014:
8990:
8856:McGreal, Chris (24 February 2023).
8825:Sharon, Jeremy (23 February 2023).
8512:
7903:from the original on 6 October 2020
7859:"Time to Test the Arab Peace Offer"
7737:"The Saudi Arabia peace initiative"
7540:Levinson, Chaim (9 November 2015).
7450:"Middle East Envoy George Mitchell"
7277:"Camp David: The Tragedy of Errors"
6856:A History of the Modern Middle East
6628:Shaul Mishal, Avraham Sela (2000).
6467:Turak, Natasha (12 December 2023).
6305:from the original on 5 January 2024
6126:from the original on 23 August 2023
5802:from the original on 4 January 2012
5518:A History of the Modern Middle East
5238:"A/RES/181(II) of 29 November 1947"
5091:from the original on 9 October 2023
4885:from the original on 9 October 2023
4393:from the original on 23 August 2017
3856:
3826:
3584:List of Middle East peace proposals
3221:, in blue and red, in December 2011
3088:Palestinian-on-Palestinian violence
2981:planning period from 2003 to 2015.
2794:2010 Palestinian militancy campaign
2496:unilaterally annexed East Jerusalem
1848:
1175:
1086:
1043:
432:Israeli occupation of the West Bank
426:within the territory of the former
13:
25026:Arab Socialist Union Party (Syria)
24548:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
23000:Background to the Israel–Hamas war
21924:Iran and state-sponsored terrorism
21621:January 2015 Mazraat Amal incident
21606:January 2013 Rif Dimashq airstrike
21478:January 2015 Shebaa Farms incident
18845:Israel–UAE normalization agreement
18736:Beirut Summit and peace initiative
17589:Palestinian Popular Struggle Front
16749:Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria
16727:Herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria
16520:Central African Republic Civil War
13872:United Nations Mine Action Service
13835:. Univ of California Press, 2018.
13707:from the original on 29 April 2020
13695:"Fatalities in the first Intifada"
13183:. 2 September 2011. Archived from
12850:. UN News Centre. 27 August 2012.
12627:Thrall, Nathan (14 October 2010).
12488:Esveld, Bill Van (6 August 2009).
12015:from the original on 22 March 2017
11993:Erlanger, Steven (31 March 2007).
11453:
11118:
11039:from the original on 9 August 2020
11001:State University of New York Press
10445:Louwerse, Colter (16 April 2024).
10018:Georg Eckert Institute (2019-2021)
9521:Benhorin, Yitzhak (20 June 2010).
9363:. 8 September 2010. Archived from
8534:from the original on 2 August 2022
8330:from the original on 14 April 2019
7857:MacLeod, Scott (17 January 2009).
7769:"Support for the Saudi Initiative"
7223:
7101:. pp. The Road to Sharonism.
5770:from the original on 15 April 2015
4545:from the original on 31 March 2023
4256:from the original on 20 April 2011
3930:"The First and Second Palestinian
3270:Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions
2888:
2673:UN General Assembly Resolution 194
2155:UN Security Council Resolution 242
1596:In 1993, Israeli officials led by
1454:with the United States, while the
1319:. Israel responded it would begin
1317:Palestinian parliamentary election
970:, supporting the Palestinian Arab
943:1947 United Nations partition plan
845:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
819:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
14:
25467:
25091:Palestine Liberation Organization
23524:Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell
23304:Arab–Islamic extraordinary summit
22498:Palestinians evacuating Gaza City
21712:2012 attacks on Israeli diplomats
21651:August 2019 Syria missile strikes
19408:Palestine Liberation Organization
17098:Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency
16968:Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency
16559:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
16046:
15419:Attacks against Israeli civilians
14794:Palestine Liberation Organization
14415:
13810:from the original on 5 March 2022
13758:from the original on 5 March 2022
13645:from the original on 19 July 2017
13532:from the original on 5 March 2022
13500:from the original on 5 March 2022
13468:from the original on 5 March 2022
13436:from the original on 5 March 2022
13424:"Route 443 opens to Palestinians"
13404:from the original on 5 March 2022
13372:from the original on 5 March 2022
13328:Patience, Martin (19 June 2007).
13283:from the original on 5 March 2022
13219:from the original on 5 March 2022
13141:Chalabi, Mona (14 October 2013).
13122:from the original on 28 June 2017
13048:from the original on 28 June 2017
12883:from the original on 4 March 2016
12596:from the original on 6 March 2008
12500:from the original on 18 June 2017
11840:. 2 February 2008. Archived from
11518:The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine
11255:from the original on 5 March 2022
10290:from the original on 13 July 2012
10161:from the original on 1 March 2012
10073:from the original on 11 July 2022
10041:from the original on 13 July 2022
9907:
9813:from the original on 4 March 2014
9535:from the original on 23 June 2010
9434:from the original on 5 March 2022
9378:Webteam, Web (6 September 2011).
8931:from the original on 7 April 2022
8716:from the original on 6 March 2024
8686:from the original on 6 March 2024
8241:from the original on 18 July 2024
7749:from the original on 5 March 2022
7429:from the original on 5 March 2022
7244:from the original on 5 March 2022
5946:. 2 November 2012. Archived from
5918:from the original on 7 April 2022
5843:from the original on 5 March 2022
4624:from the original on 20 June 2022
4478:The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine
3698:Wright, Juwariyah (16 May 2024).
3554:History of the State of Palestine
3481:United Nations Mine Action Centre
3467:Landmines and unexploded ordnance
3378:from 2008 to 2023 (preceding the
3128:informers and collaborators. The
3122:Palestine Liberation Organization
2962:Food and Agriculture Organization
2830:where American-Israeli physician
2400:campaigned for full member status
1939:
1819:Israeli–Palestinian peace process
1809:held on 27 November 2007, at the
1688:Developments following Camp David
1602:Palestine Liberation Organization
1600:and Palestinian leaders from the
1504:Israeli–Palestinian peace process
1226:Israeli–Palestinian peace process
266:Palestine Liberation Organization
117:Israeli–Palestinian peace process
25348:
25336:
25305:
25304:
25031:Arabian Peninsula People's Union
24714:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
24441:
24440:
23314:Cancellation of the 2023 MTV EMA
22201:Sexual and gender-based violence
21965:
21964:
21874:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
21631:March 2017 Israel–Syria incident
21446:2005 Hezbollah cross-border raid
21441:2000 Hezbollah cross-border raid
21381:Iranian seizure of the MSC Aries
20681:
20567:
19790:
19652:Democratic Republic of the Congo
19606:
19315:Timeline of the name "Palestine"
19167:
19074:
18774:Agreement on Movement and Access
17115:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
17108:Islamic State insurgency in Iraq
16973:Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
16219:Agreement on Movement and Access
16150:US security assistance to the PA
16072:Palestinian expulsion and flight
15611:1983 West Bank fainting epidemic
14729:
14489:The Israeli–Palestinian Conflict
14100:Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group
13822:
13790:
13770:
13738:
13687:
13657:
13512:
13480:
13448:
13416:
13384:
13352:
13340:from the original on 12 May 2014
13295:
13255:
13243:
13231:
13199:
13167:
13155:from the original on 12 May 2014
13079:
12909:
12807:
12749:
12686:
12653:
12608:
12552:"Gaza's rocket threat to Israel"
12544:
12532:from the original on 5 July 2014
12481:
12453:
12421:
12384:
12372:
12360:
12326:
12314:
12288:
12276:
12244:
12177:. 26 December 2006. 30 May 2009.
12175:Global Legal Information Network
12158:
12113:
12076:
12064:
12027:
11986:
11952:
11917:
11889:
11856:
11786:
11741:
11725:. United Nations. Archived from
11715:
11699:. United Nations. Archived from
11689:
11539:
11505:
11477:
11447:
11415:
11393:(4th ed.). Washington, DC:
11377:
11342:
11302:
11267:
11241:
11229:
11205:
11193:
11163:
11144:
11019:
10988:
10952:
10911:
10893:
10868:
10843:
10789:. unispal.un.org. Archived from
10779:
10746:
10713:
10659:
10630:
10600:
10563:
10538:
10395:
10360:
10302:
10270:
10238:
10226:from the original on 18 May 2016
10205:
10193:from the original on 19 May 2016
10173:
10143:
10116:
10085:
10021:
9953:
9934:
9885:
9873:from the original on 5 June 2014
9855:
9825:
9792:
9759:
9747:from the original on 1 June 2015
9732:
9726:
9693:
9621:
9482:
9446:
9414:
9390:
9371:
9347:
9315:
9289:
9245:
9215:
9183:
9151:
9138:
9129:
9083:
9008:
8996:
8975:
8943:
8911:
8880:
8849:
8818:
8806:from the original on 9 June 2023
8788:
8758:
8728:
8698:
8668:
8635:
8564:from the original on 22 May 2011
8483:
8443:
8342:
8310:
8275:
8253:
8196:
8170:
8134:
8116:Holmes, Oliver (27 April 2021).
8099:
8032:from the original on 30 May 2015
7980:
7947:
7800:Stern, Yoav (22 November 2008).
7761:
7729:
7697:
7676:
7630:
7598:
7566:
7533:
7448:Altman, Alex (22 January 2009).
7441:
7409:
7305:
7217:
7165:
6991:
6979:
6952:
6943:
6934:
6918:
6712:
6700:
6688:
6648:
6586:
6566:
6545:
6525:
6493:
6460:
6428:
6402:
6350:
6255:
5899:
5240:. United Nations. Archived from
5126:Prologue: The Zionist Foundation
4908:Prologue: The Zionist Foundation
4564:Sufian, Sandy (1 January 2008).
3627:
3448:Criticism of casualty statistics
3335:
3148:
2864:8,600 rockets have been launched
2366:Palestine and the United Nations
2159:fragmented Palestinian territory
1852:Mubādirat as-Salām al-ʿArabīyyah
1407:campaign on Gaza, followed by a
1062:in the host countries. The 1956
769:would become the leaders of the
598:drawn international condemnation
348:.; 2,000+ Jews displaced in 1948
308:
292:
272:
259:
246:
229:
99:Occupied Palestinian territories
51:
24674:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
23309:Hurmat-e-Masjid Aqsa Conference
23203:Palestinian genocide accusation
23054:Israeli disengagement from Gaza
23010:Palestinian freedom of movement
22658:Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh
22588:2024 Israeli military operation
22493:Kuwait Roundabout mass killings
22408:Al-Ahli Arab Hospital explosion
21739:2019 Israeli airstrikes in Iraq
21611:May 2013 Rif Dimashq airstrikes
21586:Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh
21525:Projectile attacks from Lebanon
21458:Assassination of Imad Mughniyeh
21436:2000–2006 Shebaa Farms conflict
18808:Israeli–Palestinian peace talks
18802:Israeli–Palestinian peace talks
18770:Israeli disengagement from Gaza
17975:Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114
17856:Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency
17614:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
16946:Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir
16927:Internal conflict in Bangladesh
16269:Israeli–Palestinian peace talks
16257:Israeli–Palestinian peace talks
16213:Israeli disengagement from Gaza
15697:Cave of the Patriarchs massacre
14931:
14349:Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza
14173:Scott-Baumann, Michael (2023).
14060:(10449). Elsevier BV: 237–238.
13893:
13252:, Volume 3. M. Leonard, Thomas.
12745:– via www.knesset.gov.il.
12460:Harel, Amos (7 December 2007).
11395:Institute for Palestine Studies
10814:"Jerusalem – Some Legal Issues"
10753:Ahren, Raphael (6 April 2017).
10524:. ReadHowYouWant.com, Limited.
10258:from the original on 2 May 2016
10009:Report on Palestinian Textbooks
9628:Ravid, Barak (28 August 2011).
8887:Sharon, Jeremy (18 June 2023).
8553:Harel, Amos (24 October 2006).
7923:"Arabs offer Israel peace plan"
7637:Benn, Aluf (14 November 2007).
6859:. ReadHowYouWant.com, Limited.
6757:. Brookings Institution Press.
6223:
6203:
6171:
6138:
6112:
6092:
6072:
6054:
6022:
6010:from the original on 7 May 2021
5992:
5962:
5930:
5893:
5855:
5814:
5730:"Is Gaza 'occupied' territory?"
5706:
5671:
5633:
5621:
5609:
5574:
5539:
5521:. ReadHowYouWant.com, Limited.
5508:
5496:
5461:
5449:
5437:
5425:
5413:
5401:
5389:
5354:
5325:
5301:
5281:
5230:
5201:
5182:
5131:
5115:
5057:
5028:
5016:
5004:
4913:
4851:
4800:
4769:
4757:
4719:
4684:
4557:
4511:
4441:
4429:from the original on 4 May 2015
4405:
4379:
4268:
4205:
4176:
4152:
4126:
4104:
4079:
4051:
4025:
3997:
3983:
3835:] (in French). p. 194.
3503:Palestinian genocide accusation
2862:2005. As of January 2009, over
2828:cave of the Patriarchs massacre
2289:that was imposed following the
2280:Israel's attack on Gaza in 2009
1356:Israel–Hamas war (2023–present)
1147:Jordanian–Palestinian civil war
835:allowed by the British Mandate.
797:. In 1929, a series of violent
783:Jewish immigration to Palestine
677:For a chronological guide, see
452:Palestinian freedom of movement
360:in addition to 800-3500 in the
25116:Union of Arab Republics (1972)
24878:Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz
22681:September 2024 Lebanon strikes
22315:Nuseirat refugee camp massacre
22165:Israeli female tank crew fight
21914:Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Israel
21518:September 2024 Lebanon strikes
21195:Palestinian political violence
19276:Occupied Palestinian Territory
18447:McMahon–Hussein Correspondence
18263:Palestinian militancy campaign
16988:Sectarian violence in Pakistan
16913:Islamic State–Taliban conflict
16682:Ethnic violence in South Sudan
16607:Ethnic violence in South Sudan
16077:depopulated towns and villages
15862:Palestinian militancy campaign
14463:, on both sides of the border.
14392:. Cambridge University Press.
14352:. Princeton University Press.
13937:University of California Press
13330:"Q&A: Palestinian Embargo"
12693:Messerschmid, Clemens (2002).
12333:Hourani, Albert Habib (2010).
12296:"The Security Barrier (Fence)"
11863:Shavit, Ari (8 January 2004).
10879:. Taylor & Francis Group.
10479:"Preface to the Third Edition"
10415:University of California Press
9671:. New York: London: OR Books.
9597:Staff writers (18 July 2011).
7355:Pressman, Jeremy (Fall 2003).
7135:. pp. e-book section 38.
7065:University of California Press
6830:University of California Press
6365:International Court of Justice
6298:International Court of Justice
5546:Hourani, Albert Habib (2002).
4812:"'Born of War, Not By Design'"
4578:University of California Press
4171:Khatib, McKee & Yusuf 2024
3851:University of California Press
3839:
3820:
3767:Dumper, Michael (April 1997).
3760:
3717:
3691:
3647:
3260:Economic disputes and boycotts
3096:A demonstration in support of
2851:International Court of Justice
2790:Palestinian political violence
2776:Jews would not be maintained.
2186:Military Police Corps (Israel)
2071:International Court of Justice
2015:Occupied Palestinian territory
2002:which the Israeli legal group
1957:International Court of Justice
1623:assassination of Yitzhak Rabin
1425:International Court of Justice
1391:-led militant groups launched
1242:Palestinian National Authority
641:International Court of Justice
342:700,000 Palestinians displaced
280:Palestinian National Authority
177:Israel occupies the Gaza Strip
1:
24361:Central Archives of Gaza City
22860:Rescue of Qaid Farhan Al-Qadi
22745:2024 Israeli strikes on Yemen
22732:2024 missile strikes in Yemen
22719:Operation Prosperity Guardian
22691:Assassination of Ibrahim Aqil
22676:2024 Lebanon pager explosions
22625:Israeli incursions in Tulkarm
22513:13 July 2024 al-Mawasi attack
22478:Engineer's Building airstrike
21899:Warsaw Middle East conference
21759:2024 Israeli strikes on Yemen
21666:July 2022 Damascus airstrikes
21661:January 2021 Syria airstrikes
21513:Assassination of Ibrahim Aqil
21508:2024 Lebanon pager explosions
21493:2023 Israel–Lebanon shellings
18535:American trusteeship proposal
17604:Popular Resistance Committees
17237:Syrian–Turkish border clashes
17159:Iran–Israel conflict in Syria
16941:Insurgency in Northeast India
16737:Religious violence in Nigeria
16717:Communal conflicts in Nigeria
14544:: West Bank affiliate of the
14151:A History of Modern Palestine
14066:10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01169-3
12336:A History of the Arab Peoples
11927:Scars of War, Wounds of Peace
11832:"Israel and the Palestinians"
11597:Honig-Parnass, Tikva (2011).
10212:Cohen, Gili (22 April 2016).
9554:Oster, Marcy (21 June 2010).
8642:Jacob, Aaron (18 June 2009).
8520:"Public Opinion Poll No (84)"
7954:Hoffman, Gil (4 March 2002).
7842:. 1 June 2006. Archived from
6965:. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
6897:Scars of War, Wounds of Peace
6822:Christison, Kathleen (2000).
6634:. Columbia University Press.
5728:Levs, Josh (6 January 2009).
5584:Scars of War, Wounds of Peace
5549:A history of the Arab peoples
5035:Louis, William Roger (2006).
4694:Scars of War, Wounds of Peace
4424:Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
3903:Small Wars & Insurgencies
3641:
3323:Palestinian casualties of war
3312:
3074:murder of 11 Israeli athletes
3028:With the construction of the
2483:Greater Jerusalem, May 2006.
2418:
1924:The Israeli government under
1755:Roadmap for Peace (2002–2003)
1311:Fatah–Hamas split (2006–2007)
565:respectively. Since the 1967
465:in Europe and the consequent
192:Israel occupies the West Bank
147:Egypt occupies the Gaza Strip
25416:Conflicts in the Middle East
25371:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
25061:Federation of Arab Republics
25021:Arab Socialist Union (Libya)
25011:Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)
24612:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
24560:Arab separatism in Khuzestan
23504:March on Washington for Gaza
23186:Violence against journalists
22593:Killing of Benjamin Achimeir
21626:April 2015 Qalamoun incident
21535:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
21468:2009 Hezbollah plot in Egypt
21237:Security Council resolutions
21190:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
19346:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
19141:Exodus from the Muslim world
19110:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
17050:Conflicts in the Philippines
16660:Jihadist insurgency in Niger
16364:
14718:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
12660:Hasson, Nir (30 June 2013).
12634:The New York Review of Books
12189:"From Occupation to Warfare"
11553:Journal of Palestine Studies
11315:Journal of Palestine Studies
11276:Journal of Palestine Studies
10840:, online 2008–, print 2011).
10340:The Making of Modern Zionism
7212:Arafat rejected the proposal
4779:Zionism and the Palestinians
4570:Journal of Palestine Studies
4315:. 9 May 2007. Archived from
3528:2021 Israel–Palestine crisis
3078:Black September Organization
2554:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
2411:overwhelmingly approved the
2218:Separation of the Gaza Strip
2021:Israeli-occupied territories
1944:
704:, 18 June 1936, caricatured
416:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
396:2021 Israel–Palestine crisis
163:Jordan annexes the West Bank
59:Israeli-occupied territories
38:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
7:
25446:Wars involving Palestinians
25396:Islam-related controversies
25186:Flag of the Arab Federation
25016:Arab Socialist Union (Iraq)
25006:Arab Socialist Action Party
23395:Killing of Wadea al-Fayoume
23368:Riots in the North Caucasus
23105:Israeli government response
22450:Nasser Hospital mass graves
21351:1999 arrest of Iranian Jews
20515:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
19613:Foreign relations of Israel
19096:Declaration of Independence
18132:Palestinian suicide attacks
17291:Russian invasion of Ukraine
17200:DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey
17195:Maoist insurgency in Turkey
16793:Jamaican political conflict
16744:Conflict in the Niger Delta
15738:Palestinian suicide attacks
15684:Palestinian suicide attacks
13726:"The Humanitarian Monitor."
10995:Peled, Alisa Rubin (2001).
10854:. Routledge. p. xiii.
8993:, De-development Completed.
7671:United States Naval Academy
7665:September 22, 2013, at the
6751:Quandt, William B. (2005).
5468:Kimmerling, Baruch (2003).
4782:. Croom Helm. p. 259.
4216:(4th ed.). Cambridge:
3796:Garfinkle, Adam M. (2000).
3495:
3124:to crack down on suspected
2824:Palestinian suicide bombers
2620:Palestinian right of return
2298:. Israeli Defense Minister
2172:took charge of most of the
2065:, since 1967 following the
1843:The Arab Peace Initiative (
1811:United States Naval Academy
1409:large-scale ground invasion
1368:in Gaza and southern Israel
1256:Second Intifada (2000–2005)
1250:Israeli far-right extremist
1060:its own reprisal operations
853:Jewish Supernumerary Police
583:longest military occupation
456:Palestinian right of return
10:
25472:
25431:Ethnicity-based civil wars
25157:On the Way of Resurrection
25150:The Battle for One Destiny
25081:Lebanese National Movement
24522:Third International Theory
23127:Environment impact in Gaza
23066:Palestinian tunnel warfare
23061:Palestinian rocket attacks
23005:Blockade of the Gaza Strip
22944:Effect on children in Gaza
22686:2024 Haret Hreik airstrike
22473:Attacks on religious sites
22435:Kamal Adwan Hospital siege
21744:2022 Erbil missile attacks
21724:2012 Cyprus terrorist plot
21503:2024 Haret Hreik airstrike
21325:Iran–Israel proxy conflict
21283:Foreign relations of Hamas
18988:Timeline of Jewish history
18708:Sharm El Sheikh Memorandum
18696:Beilin–Abu Mazen agreement
18690:Israel–Jordan peace treaty
18622:Palestinian autonomy talks
17276:Georgian–Ossetian conflict
17166:Kurdish separatism in Iran
17144:Iran–Israel proxy conflict
17093:Georgian–Ossetian conflict
16951:Naxalite–Maoist insurgency
16834:Ecuadorian security crisis
16766:Western Togoland Rebellion
16677:Sudanese nomadic conflicts
16225:Valley of Peace initiative
16168:Sharm El Sheikh Memorandum
15850:Jerusalem bulldozer attack
15726:Palestinian rocket attacks
14789:All-Palestine Protectorate
14502:Conflict resolution groups
14472:Middle East Policy Council
14227:W. W. Norton & Company
14156:Cambridge University Press
14128:Cambridge University Press
11431:Cambridge University Press
10129:. Transaction Publishers.
8619:Cambridge University Press
8586:(2004). Lacey, Ian (ed.).
7376:10.1162/016228803322761955
5873:W. W. Norton & Company
4869:Cambridge University Press
4218:Cambridge University Press
3880:10.1177/030639688302400404
3564:Israel–Palestine relations
3316:
3263:
3111:1930s revolts in Palestine
3016:Israel's West Bank barrier
2992:
2892:
2885:Bank supporters of Hamas.
2857:Since 2001, the threat of
2783:
2734:Resolution 242 from the UN
2636:Palestinian refugees, 1948
2617:
2464:
2458:
2359:
2291:Hamas led attack on Israel
2264:Blockade of the Gaza Strip
2261:
2258:Blockade of the Gaza Strip
2224:Blockade of the Gaza Strip
2221:
2183:
2096:
2018:
1983:. A further report titled
1948:
1836:
1758:
1728:
1691:
1637:
1557:
1501:
1330:blockade on the Gaza Strip
1259:
1216:
1213:First Intifada (1987–1993)
1179:
1156:
1090:
1079:was granted a seat in the
1047:
1005:
974:, under the leadership of
946:
816:
683:
676:
670:
666:
629:blockade of the Gaza Strip
615:and a just resolution for
541:by Israeli forces. By the
253:All-Palestine Protectorate
154:All-Palestine Protectorate
25:
18:
25436:Religion-based civil wars
25300:
25209:
25166:
25134:
25111:Unified Political Command
25001:Arab Nationalist Movement
24946:
24898:Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi
24758:
24727:
24694:1969 Sudanese coup d'état
24565:1979 Khuzestan insurgency
24530:
24494:
24436:
24373:From the river to the sea
24339:Al Qarara Cultural Museum
24319:
24279:
24238:
24229:
24204:
24166:
24105:
23935:
23912:
23826:
23819:
23764:
23703:
23696:
23687:
23661:
23623:
23600:
23549:
23477:Humanitarian aid blockade
23420:
23355:
23332:
23299:Islamic Summit Conference
23090:
22924:
22894:
22868:
22830:
22804:
22779:Hostage–prisoner exchange
22769:
22709:
22668:Israel–Hezbollah conflict
22666:
22648:Iranian strikes in Israel
22633:
22571:
22539:Bombing of the Gaza Strip
22526:
22460:
22440:Killing of health workers
22396:
22343:
22264:
22220:
22173:
22137:
22059:
22046:
22035:
22017:
21961:
21929:Iranian support for Hamas
21854:
21767:
21749:2022 Istanbul terror plot
21697:Operation Outside the Box
21689:
21596:
21561:
21553:Operation Full Disclosure
21533:
21483:Operation Northern Shield
21409:Israeli–Lebanese conflict
21401:Hezbollah–Israel conflict
21399:
21386:Iranian strikes in Israel
21361:2024 Iran–Israel conflict
21359:
21331:
21246:
21210:
21182:
21166:
21145:
20964:
20771:
20690:
20679:
20580:
20520:International recognition
20448:Alliance of the periphery
20440:
20397:
20371:
20310:
20124:
19897:
19799:
19788:
19619:
19282:
19174:
19165:
19081:
19072:
18950:
18924:
18822:
18665:
18618:Egypt–Israel peace treaty
18543:
18475:Faisal–Weizmann agreement
18432:
18393:
18166:
18029:
17874:
17832:
17794:
17769:
17748:
17692:
17622:
17509:al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades
17491:
17484:
17414:
17366:
17301:
17263:
17256:
17154:Hezbollah–Israel conflict
17080:
17072:South Thailand insurgency
17038:Conflict in Rakhine State
16998:
16900:
16884:
16868:
16861:
16821:
16803:Salvadoran gang crackdown
16785:
16778:
16709:
16645:Insurgency in the Maghreb
16632:
16567:
16497:
16490:
16450:
16445:Links to related articles
16370:
16359:
16281:
16248:
16176:
16111:
16063:
16052:
16041:
15897:
15840:"Bringing Home the Goods"
15820:
15709:
15648:
15570:
15501:Avivim school bus bombing
15479:
15384:
15308:
15304:
15280:
15099:
14941:
14937:
14926:
14897:
14817:
14781:
14772:
14739:
14735:
14724:
14636:Exchange of friendly fire
14300:Watson, Geoffrey (2020).
13909:Stanford University Press
13268:Christian Science Monitor
12948:Columbia University Press
12901:Gelvin, James L. (2005).
12401:Stanford University Press
12220:Quigley, John B. (2005).
12197:Stanford University Press
11959:Quigley, John B. (2005).
11865:"Survival of the Fittest"
10918:Golden, Jonathan (2004).
9560:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
9384:Amnesty International USA
8649:American Jewish Committee
8611:Byron, Christine (2013).
8209:. Oneworld Publications.
5678:Quigley, John B. (2005).
5369:Stanford University Press
5148:English Historical Review
5138:Hughes, Matthew (2009a).
4481:. Oneworld Publications.
4212:Gelvin, James L. (2021).
3944:. pp. 56–68, p. 56.
3915:10.1080/09592310500080005
3833:The Question of Palestine
3773:Columbia University Press
3574:Israeli–Lebanese conflict
3477:explosive remnants of war
3344:This article needs to be
3319:Israeli casualties of war
2915:which continue under the
2780:Israeli security concerns
2603:) over the Temple Mount.
2580:(right) in the background
2315:Military Advocate General
1717:at the end of September.
1703:Israeli West Bank barrier
1611:Declaration of Principles
1554:Oslo Accords (1993, 1995)
953:On 29 November 1947, the
380:2006 Gaza–Israel conflict
338:
325:
221:
75:
50:
42:
37:
24619:1952 Egyptian revolution
23405:Vermont student shooting
23324:2024 Beijing Declaration
23176:Israeli public diplomacy
23049:Israeli settler violence
21641:Operation House of Cards
21268:Recognition of statehood
19510:(PNA–administered)
19213:Hof Aza Regional Council
19003:Modern Jewish settlement
18657:Israel–Lebanon agreement
18469:Anglo-French Declaration
18465:Declaration to the Seven
18038:Misgav Am hostage crisis
16732:Nigerian bandit conflict
16612:Insurgency in Mozambique
16580:Ethiopian civil conflict
16540:Western DR Congo clashes
16420:Timeline of anti-Zionism
15941:Egypt–Gaza border breach
15846:Jerusalem yeshiva attack
15558:Misgav Am hostage crisis
14582:monitoring mideast media
13731:16 February 2008 at the
13092:Indiana University Press
13086:Davis, Rochelle (2013).
12520:"Q&A: Gaza conflict"
12341:Harvard University Press
12170:28 November 2007 at the
12083:Ben-Ami, Shlomo (2022).
11924:Ben-Ami, Shlomo (2007).
11663:Kassim, Anis F. (2002).
11634:Schmidt, Yvonne (2008).
10850:Reiter, Yitzhak (2017).
10702:5 September 2014 at the
10570:Ben-Ami, Shlomo (2022).
10367:Ben-Ami, Shlomo (2022).
10334:Avineri, Shlomo (2017).
10014:2 September 2022 at the
8272:19 July 2023 pp.6,73,79.
7312:Ben-Ami, Shlomo (2022).
7282:New York Review of Books
7230:New York Review of Books
7125:Ben-Ami, Shlomo (2022).
6894:Ben-Ami, Shlomo (2007).
6825:Perceptions of Palestine
5581:Ben-Ami, Shlomo (2006).
5554:Harvard University Press
5274:19 December 2013 at the
5208:Levenberg, Haim (1993).
4691:Ben-Ami, Shlomo (2006).
4681:, The Arrival of Zionism
4610:10.1525/jps.2008.37.2.23
4586:10.1525/jps.2008.37.2.23
3928:Nasrallah, Nami (2013).
3829:La Question de Palestine
3749:UNRWA put the figure at
3620:
3252:The PLO's objective for
3126:Israeli security service
2049:Israel has occupied the
1856:Abdullah of Saudi Arabia
1634:Camp David Summit (2000)
1429:1948 Genocide Convention
1068:All-Palestine Government
1038:All-Palestine Government
885:
849:Jewish Settlement Police
841:Sheikh Izaddin al-Qassam
829:Arab revolt of 1936–1939
779:Jewish national movement
759:
183:Unilateral disengagement
25411:Palestinian nationalism
25272:Palestinian nationalism
25191:Flag of the Arab Revolt
24684:1966 Syrian coup d'état
24664:1963 Syrian coup d'état
24644:1961 Syrian coup d'état
24143:Mushtaq Talib Al-Saeedi
22653:Israeli strikes on Iran
22413:Al-Shifa Hospital siege
22181:Allegations of genocide
21846:2023 Iran drone attacks
21769:Nuclear program of Iran
21729:2012 Burgas bus bombing
21690:International incidents
21671:2023 Damascus airstrike
21488:2019 Beirut drone crash
21391:Israeli strikes on Iran
19423:Palestinian territories
19272:Palestinian nationalism
18349:Israel–Palestine crisis
18200:Bringing Home the Goods
17539:Guardians of the Cedars
16808:Honduran gang crackdown
16699:Western Saharan clashes
16694:Western Sahara conflict
16650:Insurgency in the Sahel
16484:Ongoing armed conflicts
16005:"Guardian of the Walls"
15879:Israel–Palestine crisis
14540:15 October 2006 at the
14308:Oxford University Press
14283:Oxford University Press
14278:Mythologies Without End
14201:. New York: Continuum.
13069:Itineraries in Conflict
13067:Stein, Rebecca (2008).
12093:Oxford University Press
11932:Oxford University Press
11080:Dajani Daoudi, Mohammed
10838:Oxford University Press
10580:Oxford University Press
10375:Oxford University Press
8558:Haaretz 24 October 2006
7320:Oxford University Press
7133:Oxford University Press
7028:. pp. Chapter 10.
6902:Oxford University Press
6672:Oxford University Press
5589:Oxford University Press
4699:Oxford University Press
4419:Encyclopædia Britannica
4189:Oxford University Press
4004:Lappin, Yaakov (2009).
3217:, controlled by Israel
2628:1948 Palestinian exodus
2180:Israeli Military Police
2118:, which is home to the
2051:Palestinian territories
2025:West Bank § Status
1489:Israeli prime minister
1372:After the 2014 war and
976:Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni
864:inter-communal conflict
645:Palestinian territories
571:Palestinian territories
25391:21st-century conflicts
25386:20th-century conflicts
25376:Anti-Israeli sentiment
24699:1969 Libyan revolution
24577:1941 Iraqi coup d'état
23968:Nahida and Samar Anton
23632:South Africa v. Israel
23137:Gaza Strip evacuations
22964:Israeli interrogations
22696:Attacks on journalists
22430:Gaza Strip mass graves
22330:Deir el-Balah (August)
22207:Screams Before Silence
22129:Psyduck music festival
21867:Russia–Hamas relations
21414:South Lebanon conflict
21259:Diplomatic missions of
21211:Multilateral relations
20992:Bosnia and Herzegovina
19202:Judea and Samaria Area
19153:Agriculture technology
18766:Sharm El Sheikh Summit
18686:Gaza–Jericho Agreement
18568:Tripartite Declaration
18191:Ain es Saheb airstrike
18072:South Lebanon conflict
17130:Saudi–led intervention
16958:Insurgency in Pakistan
16839:Insurgency in Paraguay
16144:Gaza–Jericho Agreement
15923:Gaza cross-border raid
15794:Ain es Saheb airstrike
15750:Israeli assassinations
15552:South Lebanon conflict
15526:Kiryat Shmona massacre
13993:Henry Holt and Company
13927:Finkelstein, Norman G.
13901:Baconi, Tareq (2018).
13874:. 2009. Archived from
13783:1 January 2011 at the
12970:. 2012. Archived from
12629:"Our Man in Palestine"
12435:. New York: OR Books.
12429:Finkelstein, Norman G.
12391:Erakat, Noura (2019).
12223:The Case for Palestine
12187:Erakat, Noura (2019).
12089:Prophets Without Honor
11962:The Case for Palestine
11897:Finkelstein, Norman G.
11793:Morris, Benny (2001).
11349:Morris, Benny (2001).
10576:Prophets Without Honor
10403:Finkelstein, Norman G.
10370:Prophets Without Honor
9950:2013, pp. 12, 222–224.
9665:Finkelstein, Norman G.
9403:14 August 2014 at the
7364:International Security
7315:Prophets Without Honor
7128:Prophets Without Honor
7067:. pp. Chapter 2.
7055:Finkelstein, Norman G.
6122:. UN. 21 August 2023.
5681:The Case for Palestine
5361:Erakat, Noura (2019).
4943:
4808:Finkelstein, Norman G.
4776:Flapan, Simha (1979).
4064:UN Human Rights Office
4035:. 2009. Archived from
3535:, post-1967 peace plan
3396:Sabra-Shatila Massacre
3383:
3222:
3105:
3067:hostage-rescue mission
3025:
2942:
2930:
2811:
2768:
2713:
2637:
2581:
2491:
2395:
2352:
2281:
2203:
2134:
2122:
2046:
2029:Positions on Jerusalem
1907:the elected government
1802:
1786:
1709:
1694:The Clinton Parameters
1660:
1640:2000 Camp David Summit
1593:
1546:obligations under the
1369:
1271:
1246:Rabin was assassinated
1122:
1021:
998:of Palestinian Arabs.
910:
836:
754:Paris Peace Conference
709:
526:in 1947, triggering a
512:intercommunal conflict
362:Sabra-Shatila massacre
25441:Wars involving Israel
25381:Arab–Israeli conflict
25257:Jordanian nationalism
24991:Arab Islamic Republic
24986:Arab Higher Committee
24863:Rashid Ali al-Gaylani
24843:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
24654:North Yemen civil war
24587:Arab–Israeli conflict
24266:Inbal Rabin-Lieberman
24251:Rachel Goldberg-Polin
23634:(Genocide Convention)
23400:Death of Paul Kessler
23347:UK support for Israel
23342:US support for Israel
23267:Calls for a ceasefire
23159:Premature baby crisis
22995:Arab–Israeli conflict
22838:Operation Golden Hand
22785:Kidnapped from Israel
22701:Lebanese displacement
22620:Tower 22 drone attack
22534:AI-assisted targeting
22445:Nasser Hospital siege
22335:Al-Mawasi (September)
21889:Arab–Israeli alliance
21802:Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan
21787:Massoud Ali-Mohammadi
21717:2012 Bangkok bombings
21702:2009 Sudan airstrikes
21681:Hezbollah involvement
20422:Arab–Israeli alliance
20417:Arab–Israeli conflict
19471:Jerusalem Governorate
19299:Palestinian Authority
19123:Arab–Israeli alliance
19106:Arab–Israeli conflict
18964:History of the Levant
18814:John Kerry Parameters
18487:Churchill White Paper
18453:Sykes–Picot Agreement
18009:Coastal Road massacre
17630:Arab Higher Committee
17519:Arab Liberation Front
17462:Palestinian Authority
17360:Arab–Israeli conflict
16918:Republican insurgency
16722:Boko Haram insurgency
15822:Palestinian dissident
15678:Temple Mount killings
15548:Coastal Road massacre
15234:Abdel Aziz al-Rantisi
14809:Palestinian Authority
14749:Israel Defense Forces
14591:17 March 2019 at the
14513:Seeking Common Ground
14179:The Experiment, LLC.
13073:Duke University Press
12228:Duke University Press
11967:Duke University Press
11622:as a Jewish state."19
11433:. pp. 109, 519.
10666:Avraham Sela (2002).
10477:Roy, Sara M. (2016).
8956:Amnesty International
8893:www.timesofisrael.com
8710:Amnesty International
8680:Amnesty International
8406:on 15 February 2020.
8235:Amnesty International
8182:Amnesty International
8149:Amnesty International
6664:Yaniv, Avner (1987).
6631:The Palestinian Hamas
5764:Amnesty International
5686:Duke University Press
5191:A Survey of Palestine
5075:Yale University Press
4935:
4656:Bloomsbury Publishing
4363:Yale University Press
4246:A History of Conflict
3370:
3213:
3130:Palestinian Authority
3095:
3023:
2955:Joint Water Committee
2936:
2925:
2893:Further information:
2801:
2759:
2704:
2635:
2567:
2482:
2373:
2350:2023 Israel–Hamas war
2347:
2320:collective punishment
2279:
2208:Amnesty International
2193:
2128:
2106:
2053:, which comprise the
2040:
1989:Amnesty International
1883:Palestinian Authority
1849:مبادرة السلام العربية
1839:Arab Peace Initiative
1800:
1785:, Jordan, 4 June 2003
1768:
1701:
1647:
1567:
1550:was, at best, mixed.
1363:
1326:Battle of Gaza (2007)
1284:Israel Defense Forces
1269:
1195:Coastal Road massacre
1141:, which included the
1100:
1030:1948 Arab–Israeli War
1015:
1008:1948 Arab–Israeli War
1002:1948 Arab–Israeli War
893:
826:
813:1936–1939 Arab revolt
693:
684:Further information:
539:fled or were expelled
506:was established as a
352:1948 Arab–Israeli War
326:Casualties and losses
152:Establishment of the
45:Arab–Israeli conflict
28:Arab–Israeli conflict
25426:Insurgencies in Asia
25292:Tunisian nationalism
25262:Lebanese nationalism
25222:Egyptian nationalism
25217:Algerian nationalism
25121:United Arab Republic
24996:Arab Liberation Army
24976:Arab Ba'ath Movement
24833:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
24307:Mustafa Moien Ayyash
24148:Mohammad Reza Zahedi
23640:Nicaragua v. Germany
23539:2024 Faizabad sit-in
23272:Three-phase proposal
23022:Gaza–Israel conflict
22907:Hersh Goldberg-Polin
22635:Iran–Israel conflict
22610:Givat Shaul shooting
22418:alleged military use
22305:Tel al-Sultan attack
22060:Attacks on civilians
21841:2021 Natanz incident
21836:2020 Iran explosions
21782:Ardeshir Hosseinpour
21571:Gaza War (2008–2009)
21563:Gaza–Israel conflict
21228:Non-Aligned Movement
21200:Fatah–Hamas conflict
20946:United Arab Emirates
20499:Diplomatic missions
20478:United Arab Emirates
20106:United Arab Emirates
19119:Iran–Israel conflict
18796:Annapolis Conference
18790:UNSC Resolution 1701
18780:UNSC Resolution 1850
18762:UNSC Resolution 1583
18756:UNSC Resolution 1566
18752:UNSC Resolution 1559
18702:Wye River Memorandum
18558:Armistice agreements
18315:Gaza border protests
18237:Gaza–Israel conflict
17949:Lod Airport massacre
17782:United Arab Republic
17725:United Arab Emirates
17635:Arab Liberation Army
17232:Russian intervention
17222:Inter-rebel conflict
17176:Western Iran clashes
17149:Gaza–Israel conflict
16334:Nicaragua v. Germany
16294:Palestine and the UN
16231:Annapolis Conference
16162:Wye River Memorandum
15985:Gaza border protests
15979:Freedom Flotilla III
15935:Beit Hanoun shelling
15919:Gaza beach explosion
15636:Night of the Gliders
15224:Izz ad-Din al-Qassam
14021:Simon & Schuster
13878:on 26 September 2010
13829:Norman Finkelstein.
13806:. 9 September 2009.
13669:www.war-memorial.net
13555:"Data on casualties"
13240:, Volume 3. p. 1228.
13116:Agence France-Presse
12592:. 28 February 2008.
12431:(2012). "Appendix".
11251:. 18 February 2003.
9869:. 29 November 2012.
9839:. 31 December 2014.
9531:. Associated Press.
9360:Israel Defense Force
8959:. 27 February 2014.
8927:. 27 February 2014.
8288:24 July 2024 at the
8265:23 July 2024 at the
8237:. 19 February 2024.
8089:20 July 2024 at the
7818:on 25 December 2008.
7777:. 28 February 2002.
7713:. 12 November 2015.
7422:The Washington Times
7265:, pp. 7, 15–19.
6959:Dennis Ross (2005).
6667:Dilemmas of Security
6301:. 29 December 2023.
6006:. 20 November 2012.
5976:. 24 December 2012.
5178:on 21 February 2016.
4529:Taylor & Francis
4280:Government of Canada
4183:Waxman, Dov (2019).
3735:Simon & Schuster
3549:Gaza–Israel conflict
3172:improve this section
3065:culminated during a
2976:Future and financing
2907:In the Middle East,
2773:Palestinian Diaspora
2763:on the outskirts of
2761:Shatila refugee camp
2614:Palestinian refugees
2326:rights organization
2228:Gaza War (2008–2009)
2174:Civil Administration
2129:Israeli settlers in
1991:on 1 February 2022.
1971:released its report
1919:another with Bahrain
1548:Wye River Memorandum
1538:Wye River Memorandum
1127:1967 Arab-Israel War
1072:United Arab Republic
1056:Palestinian Fedayeen
972:Army of the Holy War
968:Arab Liberation Army
857:Special Night Squads
639:. In July 2024, the
617:Palestinian refugees
384:Gaza War (2008–2009)
334:44,321–56,207 killed
123:Gaza–Israel conflict
25401:Israeli irredentism
25282:Sahrawi nationalism
24639:1959 Mosul uprising
24572:Great Syrian Revolt
23943:Tawfic Abdel Jabbar
23465:2023 Bitung clashes
23430:University campuses
23375:Anti-Palestinianism
23154:Healthcare collapse
23144:Humanitarian crisis
23110:Israeli war cabinet
23071:anti-tunnel barrier
22615:Majdal Shams attack
22605:Lehi Street bombing
22508:9 July 2024 attacks
22423:ambulance airstrike
22124:Nova music festival
21826:Bid Kaneh explosion
19531:Legislative Council
19466:Status of Jerusalem
19223:Status of Jerusalem
19182:Israeli settlements
19129:Society and economy
19063:Mandatory Palestine
19055:Balfour Declaration
18639:UNSC Resolution 497
18633:UNSC Resolution 478
18627:UNSC Resolution 452
18614:UNSC Resolution 446
18604:UNSC Resolution 425
18598:UNSC Resolution 350
18588:UNSC Resolution 339
18584:UNSC Resolution 338
18574:Khartoum Resolution
18562:Lausanne Conference
18511:Morrison–Grady Plan
18481:San Remo conference
18459:Balfour Declaration
18331:Gaza–Israel clashes
18323:Gaza–Israel clashes
18098:Mothers' Bus attack
17675:Revolutionary Cells
17286:Russo-Ukrainian War
16983:Insurgency in Sindh
16963:Insurgency in Sindh
16640:Insurgency in Egypt
16585:Afar–Somali clashes
16415:Racism in Palestine
16393:Criticism of Israel
16375:Anti-Palestinianism
16201:Quartet established
16085:Lausanne Conference
15967:"Pillar of Defense"
15873:Temple Mount crisis
15808:"Days of Penitence"
15592:Zion Square bombing
15425:Reprisal operations
15413:Fedayeen insurgency
15294:military operations
15061:Amnon Lipkin-Shahak
14519:Human rights groups
13187:on 2 September 2011
12977:on 4 September 2015
12919:. 11 October 2023.
12737:on 25 November 2002
12707:on 17 December 2008
12560:. 21 January 2008.
12528:. 18 January 2009.
12260:. 29 January 2007.
11548:Masalha, Nur-eldeen
11092:. pp. 26, 37.
10157:. 30 January 2012.
9609:on 10 December 2012
9466:. 17 October 2012.
9367:on 16 January 2012.
9286:, pp. 352–359.
9229:. 18 October 2023.
8831:The Times of Israel
8742:. 2 February 2023.
8712:. 30 January 2019.
8682:. 30 January 2019.
8656:on 22 November 2010
8472:10.1093/icon/mol021
8203:Avi Shlaim (2023).
8184:. 13 September 2023
6506:The Times of Israel
6441:The Times of Israel
6334:. 26 January 2024.
6239:. 31 October 2023.
6219:. 17 November 2023.
6085:The Washington Post
6038:. 16 October 2023.
5766:. 19 January 2009.
5552:. Belknap Press of
4732:The Palestine Nakba
4652:The Palestine Nakba
4286:on 18 February 2018
3688:, pp. 602–604.
3663:. 25 January 2012.
3461:Operation Cast Lead
3294:grew 6.8% in 2009.
3292:Palestinian economy
3076:carried out by the
2989:Agricultural rights
2624:Palestinian refugee
2608:Western Wall Tunnel
2522:Abrahamic religions
2461:Status of Jerusalem
2455:Status of Jerusalem
2448:Israeli settlements
2409:UN General Assembly
2407:, in late 2012 the
2287:total siege of Gaza
2272:Structural violence
2251:Operation Cast Lead
2093:Israeli settlements
2075:Israeli settlements
1973:A Threshold Crossed
1815:Annapolis, Maryland
1240:, establishing the
1153:1973 Yom Kippur War
929:Holocaust survivors
907:Mandatory Palestine
880:White Paper of 1939
750:Balfour Declaration
557:were controlled by
533:During the ensuing
504:Mandatory Palestine
480:Balfour Declaration
444:Israeli settlements
440:status of Jerusalem
428:Mandatory Palestine
199:Israeli settlements
63:United Nations OCHA
25406:Jewish nationalism
25287:Syrian nationalism
25267:Libyan nationalism
25227:Greater Mauritania
25143:The Arab Awakening
25126:United Arab States
25101:Rejectionist Front
24908:Gamal Abdel Nasser
24719:Yemeni unification
24709:Lebanese Civil War
24689:17 July Revolution
24659:Ramadan Revolution
24634:14 July Revolution
24329:Ahmed Abdel Khalek
24073:Rashad Abu Sakhila
23948:Majed Abu Maraheel
23844:Abdul Fatah Dukhan
23716:Yitzhak Ben-Bashat
23169:Societal breakdown
23149:Gaza floating pier
23039:Israeli settlement
22988:Historical context
22848:Nuseirat operation
22724:Attacks on the MV
22358:Shadia Abu Ghazala
22345:Attacks on schools
21884:Axis of Resistance
21879:Ahmad Reza Djalali
21807:Mohsen Fakhrizadeh
21341:Iranian Revolution
20453:Camp David Accords
19294:State of Palestine
18936:Independent Israel
18784:Quartet Principles
18718:Clinton Parameters
18608:Camp David Accords
17991:Savoy Hotel attack
17841:1948 Palestine war
17680:South Lebanon Army
17569:Muslim Brotherhood
17171:Iran–PJAK conflict
17033:Karen–Mon conflict
16829:Colombian conflict
16622:Operation Atalanta
16525:Insurgency in Chad
16388:Criticism of Hamas
16341:Israeli occupation
16240:Israel controversy
16189:Clinton Parameters
16148:1994–present
16091:Israeli settlement
16089:1967–present
16017:"Shield and Arrow"
15957:Gaza flotilla raid
15867:2015–2016 violence
15776:"Defensive Shield"
15536:Savoy Hotel attack
15519:Lillehammer affair
15411:1948–present
15239:Ali Hassan Salameh
15036:Benjamin Netanyahu
14898:Third-party groups
14386:Gross, A. (2017).
14346:Roy, Sara (2013).
13751:The Jerusalem Post
13525:The Jerusalem Post
13493:The Jerusalem Post
13461:The Jerusalem Post
13429:The Jerusalem Post
13397:The Jerusalem Post
13365:The Jerusalem Post
13212:The Jerusalem Post
13044:. 8 October 2013.
13006:. pp. 37–61.
12825:on 16 January 2013
12494:Human Rights Watch
12321:Scott-Baumann 2023
12302:on 12 October 2017
12000:The New York Times
11844:on 21 October 2012
11729:on 20 October 2014
11703:on 25 October 2014
11465:on 29 January 2014
11459:"Arab–Israeli War"
11310:Khalidi, Rashid I.
11224:Scott-Baumann 2023
11132:on 11 October 2007
11032:Al Arabiya English
10793:on 12 October 2017
10708:www.knesset.gov.il
10656:, pp. 491–498
10637:Scott-Baumann 2023
10066:The Jerusalem Post
10034:The Jerusalem Post
9948:Palgrave Macmillan
9740:The Jerusalem Post
9328:The Jerusalem Post
9227:Human Rights Watch
9199:. 9 October 2023.
9167:. 9 October 2023.
8451:Barak-Erez, Daphne
8281:Ghousoon Bisharat,
7968:on 3 February 2004
7961:The Jerusalem Post
7899:. 6 October 2020.
7896:The Jerusalem Post
7871:on 17 January 2009
7774:The New York Times
7514:The New York Times
7089:Kimmerling, Baruch
6602:. 3 February 2024.
6582:. 4 February 2024.
6541:. 28 January 2024.
6367:. 26 January 2024.
6332:The New York Times
5974:Human Rights Watch
5943:The Jerusalem Post
5828:The New York Times
5795:Human Rights Watch
5161:10.1093/ehr/cep002
4992:on 2 December 2012
4011:The Jerusalem Post
3874:(4): 340–3. 1983.
3452:The Israeli-based
3415:6,407 Palestinians
3384:
3376:Palestinian deaths
3223:
3219:under Oslo Accords
3106:
3082:1972 Olympic Games
3061:Flight 139 by the
3030:separation barrier
3026:
2943:
2931:
2812:
2769:
2751:Norman Finkelstein
2730:UN Resolution 3236
2714:
2638:
2582:
2550:Jesus' crucifixion
2520:The three largest
2492:
2396:
2380:State of Palestine
2353:
2335:Gaza flotilla raid
2282:
2204:
2135:
2123:
2099:Israeli settlement
2083:Palestinian people
2047:
1981:crime of apartheid
1969:Human Rights Watch
1965:crime of apartheid
1955:In July 2024, the
1934:Benjamin Netanyahu
1868:Road Map for Peace
1821:and implement the
1803:
1787:
1761:Road map for peace
1725:Taba Summit (2001)
1710:
1678:George J. Mitchell
1661:
1594:
1405:aerial bombardment
1370:
1346:State of Palestine
1321:economic sanctions
1300:Human Rights Watch
1272:
1203:South Lebanon Army
1191:Lebanese Civil War
1123:
1119:Israeli occupation
1022:
959:Resolution 181(II)
920:Palestine Regiment
911:
837:
833:Jewish immigration
710:
609:two-state solution
535:1948 Palestine war
492:British occupation
424:self-determination
331:9,694–9,763 killed
25324:
25323:
25318:
25317:
25247:Iraqi nationalism
24938:Constantin Zureiq
24788:Abdul Rahman Arif
24768:Butrus al-Bustani
24454:
24453:
24345:All Eyes on Rafah
24315:
24314:
24225:
24224:
24123:Waibhav Anil Kale
24118:Ali Hussein Barji
24101:
24100:
24043:Yazan al-Kafarneh
23993:David Ben Avraham
23922:Fouad Abu Butihan
23849:Mohammed Dababish
23815:
23814:
23756:Yonatan Steinberg
23683:
23682:
23679:
23678:
23494:Artists4Ceasefire
23385:Violent incidents
23289:University donors
23284:Diplomatic impact
23086:
23085:
23015:Israeli apartheid
22920:
22919:
22765:
22764:
22761:
22760:
22567:
22566:
22400:health facilities
22216:
22215:
21977:
21976:
21291:
21290:
20533:
20532:
19662:Equatorial Guinea
19572:
19571:
19567:
19566:
19541:Political parties
19521:Foreign relations
19238:
19237:
19233:
19232:
19229:
19228:
19191:International law
19159:
19158:
19145:Development towns
19125:
19092:UN Partition Plan
19028:
19027:
19016:Culture of Israel
19008:History of Israel
18981:The Jewish people
18880:
18879:
18876:
18875:
18746:Geneva Initiative
18714:Camp David Summit
18674:Madrid Conference
18651:Reagan peace plan
18624:
18529:UN Partition Plan
18523:London Conference
18505:London Conference
18441:Damascus Protocol
18389:
18388:
18290:Pillar of Defense
17941:Sabena Flight 571
17907:Battle of Karameh
17826:Armed engagements
17790:
17789:
17688:
17687:
17660:Japanese Red Army
17415:Primary countries
17326:
17325:
17322:
17321:
17271:Abkhazia conflict
17252:
17251:
17088:Abkhazia conflict
17043:Rohingya conflict
17013:Myanmar civil war
16892:Xinjiang conflict
16857:
16856:
16844:Peruvian conflict
16813:Gang war in Haiti
16774:
16773:
16510:Anglophone Crisis
16437:
16436:
16433:
16432:
16355:
16354:
16351:
16350:
16321:Wall construction
16312:UN Resolution 242
16306:UN Resolution 194
16300:UN Resolution 181
16289:Israel and the UN
16277:
16276:
16185:Camp David Summit
16126:Madrid Conference
16101:international law
16037:
16036:
16033:
16032:
16029:
16028:
15973:"Protective Edge"
15893:
15892:
15816:
15815:
15788:"Determined Path"
15705:
15704:
15644:
15643:
15566:
15565:
15507:Sabena Flight 571
15475:
15474:
15465:Battle of Karameh
15423:1950s–1960s
15380:
15379:
15366:Jewish insurgency
15333:Battle of Tel Hai
15276:
15275:
15272:
15271:
15031:Yitzhak Mordechai
14922:
14921:
14918:
14917:
14893:
14892:
14880:Sabireen Movement
14764:Shabak (Shin Bet)
14399:978-1-107-14596-2
14378:978-1-68219-114-9
14359:978-1-4008-4894-2
14338:978-1-68219-619-9
14292:978-0-19-045908-6
14264:978-0-14-103322-8
14236:978-0-393-32112-8
14208:978-0-8264-1413-7
14186:978-1-61519-951-8
14165:978-1-108-24416-9
14137:978-0-521-00967-6
14109:978-0-679-74475-7
14095:Righteous Victims
14030:978-0-86154-899-6
14002:978-1-62779-854-9
13974:978-0-8070-4475-9
13946:978-0-520-24989-9
13918:978-0-8047-9741-2
13842:978-0-520-96838-7
13776:Mor, Avi, et al.
12490:Rockets from Gaza
12442:978-1-935928-77-5
12410:978-1-5036-0883-2
12350:978-0-674-01017-8
12237:978-0-8223-3539-9
12206:978-1-5036-1357-7
12102:978-0-19-006047-3
12054:978-0-89608-601-2
11976:978-0-8223-3539-9
11941:978-0-19-532542-3
11910:978-1-935928-77-5
11814:978-0-679-74475-7
11678:978-3-638-94450-2
11645:978-3-638-94450-2
11612:978-1-60846-130-1
11545:See for example,
11532:978-1-85168-467-0
11498:978-0-9815131-3-3
11440:978-0-521-83130-7
11408:978-0-88728-235-5
11370:978-0-679-74475-7
11151:Nations, United.
11099:978-0-203-83939-3
11035:. 27 March 2008.
10933:978-0-7591-0342-9
10679:978-0-8264-1413-7
10589:978-0-19-006047-3
10556:978-1-68219-114-9
10531:978-1-4587-8155-0
10492:978-0-88728-260-7
10460:978-1-68219-619-9
10424:978-0-520-29571-1
10384:978-0-19-006047-3
10353:978-0-465-09479-0
10320:978-1-68219-114-9
10189:. 25 April 2016.
10136:978-1-4128-4653-0
10092:Algemeiner, The.
9678:978-1-935928-77-5
9667:(2012). "Notes".
8740:Los Angeles Times
8628:978-1-847-79275-4
8597:978-0-975-10730-0
8501:978-90-411-0502-8
8433:978-90-04-15027-0
8216:978-0-86154-464-6
7996:. 30 March 2007.
7931:. 28 March 2002.
7745:. 23 March 2009.
7669:. Memorial Hall,
7329:978-0-19-006047-3
7186:, pp. 16–17.
7142:978-0-19-006047-3
7108:978-1-85984-517-2
7074:978-0-520-29571-1
7035:978-0-7453-1530-0
6972:978-0-374-52980-2
6962:The Missing Peace
6911:978-0-19-532542-3
6866:978-1-4587-8155-0
6839:978-0-520-21718-8
6764:978-0-520-24631-7
6681:978-0-19-504122-4
6641:978-0-231-11674-9
6416:. 27 January 2024
6066:timesofisrael.com
5886:978-0-393-05826-0
5695:978-0-8223-3539-9
5660:978-0-89608-601-2
5598:978-0-19-518158-6
5563:978-0-674-05819-4
5528:978-1-4587-8155-0
5485:978-1-85984-517-2
5378:978-1-5036-0883-2
5343:978-1-68219-619-9
5223:978-0-7146-3439-5
5084:978-0-300-15604-1
5050:978-1-84511-347-6
4878:978-0-521-85289-0
4829:978-1-78478-458-4
4789:978-0-06-492104-6
4746:978-1-84813-973-2
4708:978-0-19-518158-6
4665:978-1-84813-972-5
4538:978-1-315-40976-4
4488:978-1-78074-056-0
4372:978-0-300-14524-3
3951:978-0-415-77862-6
3845:Uri Ben-Eliezer,
3813:978-0-7656-0514-6
3744:978-1-4711-1475-5
3594:OneVoice Movement
3365:
3364:
3208:
3207:
3200:
3038:and a report for
2879:security barriers
2875:house demolitions
2871:targeted killings
2726:UN Resolution 194
2724:According to the
2437:Issues in dispute
2200:Shireen Abu Akleh
2151:Geneva Convention
1975:, describing the
1967:. In April 2021,
1951:Israeli apartheid
1825:Roadmap for peace
1615:UN Resolution 242
1578:Palestinian flags
1498:The Peace Process
1393:a surprise attack
1143:Battle of Karameh
725:in Europe. While
698:-owned newspaper
621:international law
594:Israeli apartheid
475:Ottoman Palestine
412:
411:
288:Governance (PNA):
217:
216:
197:Establishment of
57:Situation in the
25463:
25353:
25352:
25351:
25341:
25340:
25339:
25332:
25308:
25307:
25181:Eagle of Saladin
24888:Amin al-Husseini
24853:Faisal I of Iraq
24823:Sultan al-Atrash
24818:Mansur al-Atrash
24793:Abdul Salam Arif
24602:War of Attrition
24488:Arab nationalism
24481:
24474:
24467:
24458:
24457:
24444:
24443:
24236:
24235:
24138:Sadegh Omidzadeh
24093:Talal Abu Zarifa
24078:Omar Abu Shawish
24028:Ihab al-Ghussein
24008:Mohamed al-Dalou
23983:Mohammed Barakat
23973:Ibrahim al-Astal
23889:Jamila al-Shanti
23824:
23823:
23701:
23700:
23694:
23693:
23592:A/RES/ES-10/L.31
23509:March for Israel
23330:
23329:
23255:
23254:
22985:
22984:
22949:Humanitarian aid
22881:Yarden Roman-Gat
22802:
22801:
22631:
22630:
22320:Al-Mawasi (June)
22262:
22261:
22057:
22056:
22044:
22043:
22011:Israel–Hamas war
22004:
21997:
21990:
21981:
21980:
21968:
21967:
21797:Fereydoon Abbasi
21598:Syrian civil war
21581:Israel–Hamas war
21453:2006 Lebanon War
21318:
21311:
21304:
21295:
21294:
20846:Kurdistan Region
20685:
20643:Sahrawi Republic
20572:
20571:
20560:
20553:
20546:
20537:
20536:
20353:Papua New Guinea
20328:Marshall Islands
19982:Kurdistan Region
19794:
19611:
19610:
19599:
19592:
19585:
19576:
19575:
19511:
19397:Political status
19285:
19284:
19265:
19258:
19251:
19242:
19241:
19171:
19163:
19162:
19113:
19078:
19070:
19069:
19059:Mandate document
18948:
18947:
18927:
18926:
18907:
18900:
18893:
18884:
18883:
18834:Trump peace plan
18826:
18620:
18418:
18411:
18404:
18395:
18394:
18380:
18377:Israel–Hamas war
18372:
18368:Shield and Arrow
18362:
18352:
18344:
18334:
18326:
18318:
18310:
18307:Wave of violence
18302:
18294:
18284:
18274:
18266:
18258:
18250:
18240:
18232:
18224:
18214:
18204:
18194:
18186:
18178:
18159:
18149:
18139:
18127:
18117:
18109:
18101:
18093:
18085:
18075:
18067:
18059:
18051:
18041:
18022:
18012:
18004:
17994:
17986:
17983:Ma'alot massacre
17978:
17970:
17960:
17952:
17944:
17936:
17928:
17918:
17910:
17902:
17899:War of Attrition
17894:
17886:
17867:
17859:
17851:
17848:Arab–Israeli War
17843:
17819:
17812:
17805:
17796:
17795:
17693:Other countries
17489:
17488:
17429:Egyptian Kingdom
17391:
17384:
17377:
17368:
17367:
17353:
17346:
17339:
17330:
17329:
17261:
17260:
17212:Daraa insurgency
17207:Syrian civil war
17137:Yemeni Civil war
17008:Myanmar conflict
16866:
16865:
16849:Mapuche conflict
16798:Mexican drug war
16783:
16782:
16672:Sinai insurgency
16617:Somali Civil War
16495:
16494:
16477:
16470:
16463:
16454:
16453:
16441:
16440:
16410:Racism in Israel
16361:
16360:
16263:Palestine Papers
16156:Hebron Agreement
16096:settler violence
16061:
16060:
16054:
16053:
16043:
16042:
16021:Israel–Hamas war
15989:November clashes
15963:"Returning Echo"
15908:
15907:
15829:
15828:
15804:Beit Hanoun raid
15784:Battle of Nablus
15716:
15715:
15655:
15654:
15575:
15574:
15530:Ma'alot massacre
15490:
15489:
15459:War of Attrition
15400:Arab–Israeli War
15389:
15388:
15315:
15314:
15306:
15305:
15282:
15281:
15134:Marwan Barghouti
14966:David Ben-Gurion
14939:
14938:
14928:
14927:
14825:al-Aqsa Brigades
14779:
14778:
14737:
14736:
14726:
14725:
14711:
14704:
14697:
14688:
14687:
14605:– The Media Line
14597:Chabad-Lubavitch
14580:Honest Reporting
14410:
14408:
14406:
14382:
14363:
14342:
14321:
14296:
14268:
14240:
14212:
14190:
14169:
14141:
14113:
14085:
14034:
14006:
13978:
13950:
13922:
13888:
13887:
13885:
13883:
13864:
13851:
13850:
13826:
13820:
13819:
13817:
13815:
13794:
13788:
13774:
13768:
13767:
13765:
13763:
13742:
13736:
13723:
13717:
13716:
13714:
13712:
13691:
13685:
13684:
13682:
13680:
13661:
13655:
13654:
13652:
13650:
13631:
13622:
13621:
13616:
13614:
13592:
13583:
13582:
13580:
13578:
13551:
13542:
13541:
13539:
13537:
13528:. 14 July 2020.
13516:
13510:
13509:
13507:
13505:
13484:
13478:
13477:
13475:
13473:
13452:
13446:
13445:
13443:
13441:
13420:
13414:
13413:
13411:
13409:
13388:
13382:
13381:
13379:
13377:
13356:
13350:
13349:
13347:
13345:
13325:
13319:
13318:
13316:
13314:
13299:
13293:
13292:
13290:
13288:
13259:
13253:
13247:
13241:
13235:
13229:
13228:
13226:
13224:
13203:
13197:
13196:
13194:
13192:
13171:
13165:
13164:
13162:
13160:
13138:
13132:
13131:
13129:
13127:
13118:. 12 July 2013.
13102:
13096:
13095:
13090:. Indianapolis:
13083:
13077:
13076:
13064:
13058:
13057:
13055:
13053:
13032:
13023:
13022:
13020:
13018:
13012:
13001:
12993:
12987:
12986:
12984:
12982:
12976:
12969:
12961:
12952:
12951:
12939:
12933:
12932:
12930:
12928:
12913:
12907:
12906:
12898:
12892:
12891:
12890:
12888:
12870:
12864:
12863:
12861:
12859:
12844:
12835:
12834:
12832:
12830:
12811:
12805:
12804:
12802:
12800:
12791:. 16 June 2003.
12779:
12773:
12772:
12770:
12768:
12753:
12747:
12746:
12744:
12742:
12733:. Archived from
12723:
12717:
12716:
12714:
12712:
12706:
12700:. Archived from
12699:
12690:
12684:
12683:
12681:
12679:
12657:
12651:
12650:
12648:
12646:
12624:
12618:
12612:
12606:
12605:
12603:
12601:
12580:
12574:
12573:
12571:
12569:
12548:
12542:
12541:
12539:
12537:
12516:
12510:
12509:
12507:
12505:
12485:
12479:
12478:
12476:
12474:
12457:
12451:
12450:
12433:Knowing Too Much
12425:
12419:
12418:
12388:
12382:
12376:
12370:
12364:
12358:
12357:
12330:
12324:
12318:
12312:
12311:
12309:
12307:
12292:
12286:
12280:
12274:
12273:
12271:
12269:
12248:
12242:
12241:
12217:
12211:
12210:
12193:Justice for Some
12184:
12178:
12162:
12156:
12155:
12153:
12151:
12142:. Archived from
12132:
12123:
12117:
12111:
12110:
12080:
12074:
12068:
12062:
12061:
12040:Fateful Triangle
12031:
12025:
12024:
12022:
12020:
11990:
11984:
11983:
11956:
11950:
11949:
11921:
11915:
11914:
11893:
11887:
11886:
11884:
11882:
11860:
11854:
11853:
11851:
11849:
11828:
11819:
11818:
11790:
11784:
11783:
11745:
11739:
11738:
11736:
11734:
11719:
11713:
11712:
11710:
11708:
11693:
11687:
11686:
11660:
11654:
11653:
11631:
11625:
11624:
11594:
11588:
11587:
11577:
11543:
11537:
11536:
11509:
11503:
11502:
11481:
11475:
11474:
11472:
11470:
11451:
11445:
11444:
11419:
11413:
11412:
11381:
11375:
11374:
11346:
11340:
11339:
11306:
11300:
11299:
11271:
11265:
11264:
11262:
11260:
11245:
11239:
11233:
11227:
11221:
11215:
11209:
11203:
11197:
11191:
11190:
11188:
11186:
11167:
11161:
11160:
11148:
11142:
11141:
11139:
11137:
11122:
11116:
11115:
11113:
11111:
11075:
11066:
11060:
11049:
11048:
11046:
11044:
11023:
11017:
11016:
10992:
10986:
10985:
10983:
10981:
10956:
10950:
10949:
10947:
10945:
10915:
10909:
10908:
10897:
10891:
10890:
10872:
10866:
10865:
10847:
10841:
10835:
10833:
10831:
10825:
10818:
10812:Lapidoth, Ruth.
10809:
10803:
10802:
10800:
10798:
10783:
10777:
10776:
10774:
10772:
10750:
10744:
10743:
10741:
10739:
10717:
10711:
10694:
10688:
10687:
10663:
10657:
10651:
10640:
10634:
10628:
10627:
10625:
10623:
10618:on 24 April 2012
10614:. Archived from
10604:
10598:
10597:
10567:
10561:
10560:
10542:
10536:
10535:
10515:
10509:
10503:
10497:
10496:
10474:
10465:
10464:
10442:
10433:
10432:
10399:
10393:
10392:
10364:
10358:
10357:
10331:
10325:
10324:
10306:
10300:
10299:
10297:
10295:
10274:
10268:
10267:
10265:
10263:
10242:
10236:
10235:
10233:
10231:
10209:
10203:
10202:
10200:
10198:
10177:
10171:
10170:
10168:
10166:
10147:
10141:
10140:
10120:
10114:
10113:
10111:
10109:
10089:
10083:
10082:
10080:
10078:
10057:
10051:
10050:
10048:
10046:
10025:
10019:
10006:
10000:
9999:
9997:
9995:
9973:
9967:
9957:
9951:
9938:
9932:
9931:
9929:
9927:
9905:
9896:
9889:
9883:
9882:
9880:
9878:
9859:
9853:
9852:
9850:
9848:
9829:
9823:
9822:
9820:
9818:
9796:
9790:
9789:
9787:
9785:
9763:
9757:
9756:
9754:
9752:
9730:
9724:
9723:
9721:
9719:
9697:
9691:
9690:
9669:Knowing Too Much
9661:
9652:
9651:
9649:
9647:
9625:
9619:
9618:
9616:
9614:
9605:. Archived from
9594:
9588:
9587:, pp. xxxi.
9582:
9576:
9575:
9573:
9571:
9566:on 6 August 2011
9562:. Archived from
9551:
9545:
9544:
9542:
9540:
9518:
9512:
9511:
9509:
9507:
9486:
9480:
9479:
9477:
9475:
9464:Associated Press
9450:
9444:
9443:
9441:
9439:
9418:
9412:
9411:31 December 2011
9394:
9388:
9387:
9375:
9369:
9368:
9351:
9345:
9344:
9342:
9340:
9319:
9313:
9312:
9310:
9308:
9293:
9287:
9281:
9275:
9274:
9272:
9270:
9249:
9243:
9242:
9240:
9238:
9219:
9213:
9212:
9210:
9208:
9196:Business Insider
9187:
9181:
9180:
9178:
9176:
9155:
9149:
9142:
9136:
9133:
9127:
9124:
9118:
9112:
9106:
9105:
9103:
9101:
9087:
9081:
9075:
9069:
9063:
9052:
9046:
9037:
9031:
9018:
9012:
9006:
9000:
8994:
8988:
8982:
8979:
8973:
8972:
8970:
8968:
8947:
8941:
8940:
8938:
8936:
8915:
8909:
8908:
8906:
8904:
8884:
8878:
8877:
8875:
8873:
8853:
8847:
8846:
8844:
8842:
8822:
8816:
8815:
8813:
8811:
8792:
8786:
8785:
8783:
8781:
8772:. 18 June 2023.
8762:
8756:
8755:
8753:
8751:
8732:
8726:
8725:
8723:
8721:
8702:
8696:
8695:
8693:
8691:
8672:
8666:
8665:
8663:
8661:
8652:. Archived from
8639:
8633:
8632:
8608:
8602:
8601:
8580:
8574:
8573:
8571:
8569:
8550:
8544:
8543:
8541:
8539:
8516:
8510:
8509:
8487:
8481:
8480:
8474:
8447:
8441:
8440:
8418:
8412:
8411:
8405:
8399:. Archived from
8358:
8346:
8340:
8339:
8337:
8335:
8314:
8308:
8302:
8296:
8279:
8273:
8257:
8251:
8250:
8248:
8246:
8227:
8221:
8220:
8200:
8194:
8193:
8191:
8189:
8174:
8168:
8167:
8165:
8163:
8157:
8151:. January 2022.
8146:
8138:
8132:
8131:
8113:
8107:
8103:
8097:
8080:
8074:
8073:
8071:
8069:
8048:
8042:
8041:
8039:
8037:
8016:
8010:
8009:
8007:
8005:
7984:
7978:
7977:
7975:
7973:
7964:. Archived from
7951:
7945:
7944:
7942:
7940:
7919:
7913:
7912:
7910:
7908:
7887:
7881:
7880:
7878:
7876:
7867:. Archived from
7854:
7848:
7847:
7846:on 20 July 2008.
7840:Associated Press
7826:
7820:
7819:
7814:. Archived from
7812:Associated Press
7797:
7791:
7790:
7788:
7786:
7765:
7759:
7758:
7756:
7754:
7733:
7727:
7726:
7724:
7722:
7701:
7695:
7694:
7680:
7674:
7655:
7649:
7648:
7634:
7628:
7627:
7625:
7623:
7602:
7596:
7595:
7593:
7591:
7570:
7564:
7563:
7561:
7559:
7537:
7531:
7530:
7528:
7526:
7504:
7498:
7497:
7495:
7493:
7478:
7472:
7471:
7469:
7467:
7445:
7439:
7438:
7436:
7434:
7413:
7407:
7401:
7395:
7394:
7393:on 4 March 2016.
7392:
7386:. Archived from
7361:
7352:
7337:
7336:
7309:
7303:
7302:
7300:
7298:
7272:
7266:
7260:
7254:
7253:
7251:
7249:
7221:
7215:
7214:
7196:
7187:
7181:
7175:
7172:Finkelstein 2007
7169:
7163:
7160:Finkelstein 2007
7157:
7151:
7150:
7122:
7113:
7112:
7085:
7079:
7078:
7051:
7040:
7039:
7021:Fateful Triangle
7012:
7001:
6995:
6989:
6983:
6977:
6976:
6956:
6950:
6947:
6941:
6938:
6932:
6931:
6922:
6916:
6915:
6891:
6882:
6877:
6871:
6870:
6850:
6844:
6843:
6819:
6808:
6802:
6796:
6790:
6784:
6778:
6769:
6768:
6748:
6737:
6731:
6722:
6716:
6710:
6704:
6698:
6692:
6686:
6685:
6661:
6655:
6652:
6646:
6645:
6625:
6619:
6613:
6604:
6603:
6590:
6584:
6583:
6570:
6564:
6563:
6549:
6543:
6542:
6529:
6523:
6522:
6520:
6518:
6497:
6491:
6490:
6488:
6486:
6464:
6458:
6457:
6455:
6453:
6432:
6426:
6425:
6423:
6421:
6406:
6400:
6399:
6397:
6395:
6375:
6369:
6368:
6362:
6354:
6348:
6347:
6345:
6343:
6324:
6318:
6314:
6312:
6310:
6294:
6286:
6280:
6279:
6277:
6275:
6259:
6253:
6252:
6250:
6248:
6236:Associated Press
6227:
6221:
6220:
6207:
6201:
6200:
6198:
6196:
6175:
6169:
6168:
6166:
6164:
6142:
6136:
6135:
6133:
6131:
6116:
6110:
6109:
6108:. 27 March 2023.
6096:
6090:
6089:
6076:
6070:
6069:
6058:
6052:
6051:
6049:
6047:
6026:
6020:
6019:
6017:
6015:
5996:
5990:
5989:
5987:
5985:
5966:
5960:
5959:
5957:
5955:
5950:on 16 March 2013
5934:
5928:
5927:
5925:
5923:
5912:Associated Press
5900:Bohn, Lauren E.
5897:
5891:
5890:
5863:Oren, Michael B.
5859:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5848:
5818:
5812:
5811:
5809:
5807:
5786:
5780:
5779:
5777:
5775:
5756:
5750:
5749:
5747:
5745:
5725:
5716:
5710:
5704:
5703:
5675:
5669:
5668:
5646:Fateful Triangle
5637:
5631:
5625:
5619:
5613:
5607:
5606:
5578:
5572:
5571:
5543:
5537:
5536:
5512:
5506:
5500:
5494:
5493:
5465:
5459:
5453:
5447:
5441:
5435:
5429:
5423:
5417:
5411:
5405:
5399:
5393:
5387:
5386:
5358:
5352:
5351:
5329:
5323:
5317:
5311:
5305:
5299:
5285:
5279:
5265:
5254:
5253:
5251:
5249:
5234:
5228:
5227:
5205:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5186:
5180:
5179:
5177:
5171:. Archived from
5155:(507): 314–354.
5144:
5135:
5129:
5119:
5113:
5107:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5096:
5061:
5055:
5054:
5032:
5026:
5020:
5014:
5008:
5002:
5001:
4999:
4997:
4991:
4984:
4976:
4963:
4957:
4944:
4929:
4923:
4917:
4911:
4901:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4890:
4855:
4849:
4843:
4837:
4836:
4804:
4798:
4797:
4773:
4767:
4761:
4755:
4754:
4723:
4717:
4716:
4688:
4682:
4676:
4670:
4669:
4640:
4634:
4633:
4631:
4629:
4561:
4555:
4554:
4552:
4550:
4515:
4509:
4504:
4493:
4492:
4469:
4463:
4457:
4451:
4445:
4439:
4438:
4436:
4434:
4409:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4398:
4383:
4377:
4376:
4349:
4336:
4335:
4329:
4327:
4322:on 10 April 2010
4321:
4310:
4302:
4296:
4295:
4293:
4291:
4282:. Archived from
4272:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4238:
4232:
4231:
4209:
4203:
4202:
4180:
4174:
4168:
4162:
4156:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4145:
4130:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4108:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4097:
4083:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4072:
4055:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4044:
4029:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4018:
4001:
3995:
3994:
3987:
3981:
3980:
3975:. Archived from
3965:
3956:
3955:
3925:
3919:
3918:
3898:
3892:
3891:
3868:Race & Class
3863:
3854:
3843:
3837:
3836:
3827:Laurens, Henry.
3824:
3818:
3817:
3793:
3787:
3786:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3721:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3710:
3695:
3689:
3683:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3651:
3635:
3631:
3423:Israel–Hamas war
3392:1982 Lebanon War
3380:Israel–Hamas war
3360:
3357:
3351:
3339:
3338:
3331:
3203:
3196:
3192:
3189:
3183:
3152:
3144:
2903:Structural abuse
2839:security barrier
2832:Baruch Goldstein
2574:Dome of the Rock
2568:Panorama of the
2542:Isra' and Mi'raj
2494:In 1967, Israel
2405:Security Council
2392:
2386:
2377:
2268:Structural abuse
2170:Bezalel Smotrich
2120:Ariel University
2113:Israeli occupied
2000:Nation-State law
1987:was released by
1901:political party
1850:
1807:peace conference
1747:party candidate
1517:Meron Benvenisti
1401:Israeli military
1385:Israel–Hamas war
1366:Israel–Hamas war
1199:Operation Litani
1182:1982 Lebanon War
1176:1982 Lebanon War
1139:War of Attrition
1087:1967 Six-Day War
1044:1956 Suez Crisis
876:David Ben-Gurion
736:ethnic cleansing
579:second intifadas
494:of the formerly
402:Israel–Hamas war
358:1982 Lebanon War
313:
312:
311:
297:
296:
295:
278:
276:
275:
264:
263:
262:
251:
250:
249:
235:
233:
232:
77:
76:
55:
35:
34:
21:Israel–Hamas war
25471:
25470:
25466:
25465:
25464:
25462:
25461:
25460:
25361:
25360:
25359:
25349:
25347:
25337:
25335:
25327:
25325:
25320:
25319:
25314:
25296:
25232:Greater Morocco
25205:
25201:Pan-Arab colors
25196:Hawk of Quraish
25162:
25130:
24981:Arab Federation
24942:
24928:Abdullah Rimawi
24903:Mostéfa Merarda
24858:Muammar Gaddafi
24838:Ahmed Ben Bella
24813:Jamal al-Atassi
24803:Bashar al-Assad
24754:
24723:
24704:Black September
24582:Anglo-Iraqi War
24526:
24490:
24485:
24455:
24450:
24432:
24367:Bearing Witness
24321:
24311:
24287:Wael Al-Dahdouh
24275:
24231:
24221:
24200:
24186:Ismail al-Ghoul
24181:Samer Abu Daqqa
24162:
24133:Wissam al-Tawil
24113:Saleh al-Arouri
24097:
24068:Mohammed Shabir
24048:Mohammad Khdour
23931:
23914:
23908:
23904:Faiq Al-Mabhouh
23839:Saleh al-Arouri
23811:
23777:Yuval Castleman
23760:
23704:Security forces
23675:
23657:
23653:Arrest warrants
23619:
23596:
23545:
23416:
23351:
23328:
23253:
23122:Economic impact
23115:Mass detentions
23082:
23044:Israeli outpost
22983:
22926:
22916:
22890:
22864:
22826:
22800:
22796:Hostages Square
22757:
22750:Attacks on the
22726:Maersk Hangzhou
22705:
22662:
22629:
22574:
22563:
22522:
22456:
22399:
22392:
22339:
22325:Al-Shati (July)
22310:Al-Mawasi (May)
22267:
22260:
22225:
22223:
22212:
22169:
22133:
22051:
22049:
22038:
22031:
22013:
22008:
21978:
21973:
21957:
21894:Abraham Accords
21850:
21792:Majid Shahriari
21763:
21685:
21592:
21557:
21548:Victoria Affair
21543:Karine A affair
21529:
21395:
21355:
21327:
21322:
21292:
21287:
21242:
21206:
21178:
21162:
21141:
20960:
20767:
20686:
20677:
20576:
20566:
20564:
20534:
20529:
20473:Abraham Accords
20436:
20393:
20367:
20306:
20247:North Macedonia
20120:
19893:
19795:
19786:
19615:
19605:
19603:
19573:
19568:
19563:
19562:
19559:
19535:
19509:
19496:
19477:
19476:
19475:
19456:
19447:
19444:
19417:
19388:
19387:
19383:Right of return
19379:
19350:
19319:
19278:
19269:
19239:
19234:
19225:
19221:
19211:
19200:
19185:
19172:
19155:
19131:
19126:
19103:
19099:
19089:
19079:
19066:
19036:
19024:
18984:
18978:
18956:
18920:
18911:
18881:
18872:
18840:Abraham Accords
18824:
18818:
18661:
18643:1981–1982
18539:
18493:Peel Commission
18428:
18426:peace proposals
18422:
18385:
18375:
18365:
18355:
18347:
18337:
18329:
18321:
18313:
18305:
18297:
18287:
18277:
18269:
18261:
18253:
18243:
18235:
18227:
18217:
18207:
18197:
18189:
18181:
18175:Second Intifada
18173:
18162:
18155:Grapes of Wrath
18152:
18142:
18130:
18120:
18112:
18104:
18096:
18088:
18078:
18070:
18062:
18054:
18044:
18036:
18025:
18015:
18007:
17997:
17989:
17981:
17973:
17963:
17957:Munich massacre
17955:
17947:
17939:
17931:
17921:
17913:
17905:
17897:
17889:
17881:
17870:
17862:
17854:
17846:
17839:
17828:
17823:
17786:
17765:
17744:
17684:
17640:Black September
17618:
17559:Lebanese Forces
17480:
17476:Ba'athist Syria
17472:Syrian Republic
17417:and authorities
17416:
17410:
17409:
17395:
17362:
17357:
17327:
17318:
17297:
17248:
17227:Rojava conflict
17217:Desert campaign
17076:
17018:Kachin conflict
17000:
16994:
16908:Afghan conflict
16896:
16880:
16876:Korean conflict
16853:
16817:
16770:
16759:Azawad conflict
16705:
16628:
16563:
16486:
16481:
16446:
16438:
16429:
16366:
16347:
16273:
16267:2013–2014
16244:
16172:
16130:1993–1995
16118:1981–1982
16107:
16048:
16025:
16011:"Breaking Dawn"
15949:2008–2009
15931:"Autumn Clouds"
15904:
15901:
15889:
15885:Al-Aqsa clashes
15856:Al-Aqsa clashes
15825:
15823:
15812:
15780:Battle of Jenin
15711:Second Intifada
15701:
15640:
15603:Siege of Beirut
15562:
15511:Munich massacre
15486:
15483:
15471:
15457:1967–1970
15447:Rafah massacres
15417:1951–1967
15376:
15370:1947–1948
15364:1944–1947
15358:1936–1939
15352:Hebron massacre
15347:Palestine riots
15328:Nebi Musa riots
15300:
15268:
15214:Abu Ali Mustafa
15169:Amin al-Husayni
15139:Mohammed Dahlan
15095:
14971:Naftali Bennett
14933:
14914:
14889:
14813:
14768:
14731:
14720:
14715:
14593:Wayback Machine
14542:Wayback Machine
14418:
14413:
14404:
14402:
14400:
14379:
14369:Moment of Truth
14360:
14339:
14318:
14293:
14265:
14237:
14209:
14187:
14166:
14138:
14110:
14046:(5 July 2024).
14038:Khatib, Rasha;
14031:
14011:Khalidi, Rashid
14003:
13983:Khalidi, Rashid
13975:
13955:Khalidi, Rashid
13947:
13932:Beyond Chutzpah
13919:
13904:Hamas Contained
13896:
13891:
13881:
13879:
13866:
13865:
13854:
13843:
13827:
13823:
13813:
13811:
13796:
13795:
13791:
13785:Wayback Machine
13775:
13771:
13761:
13759:
13744:
13743:
13739:
13733:Wayback Machine
13724:
13720:
13710:
13708:
13693:
13692:
13688:
13678:
13676:
13663:
13662:
13658:
13648:
13646:
13639:users.erols.com
13633:
13632:
13625:
13612:
13610:
13593:
13586:
13576:
13574:
13553:
13552:
13545:
13535:
13533:
13518:
13517:
13513:
13503:
13501:
13486:
13485:
13481:
13471:
13469:
13454:
13453:
13449:
13439:
13437:
13422:
13421:
13417:
13407:
13405:
13390:
13389:
13385:
13375:
13373:
13358:
13357:
13353:
13343:
13341:
13326:
13322:
13312:
13310:
13301:
13300:
13296:
13286:
13284:
13271:. 22 May 2002.
13261:
13260:
13256:
13248:
13244:
13236:
13232:
13222:
13220:
13205:
13204:
13200:
13190:
13188:
13180:The Independent
13173:
13172:
13168:
13158:
13156:
13139:
13135:
13125:
13123:
13104:
13103:
13099:
13084:
13080:
13065:
13061:
13051:
13049:
13034:
13033:
13026:
13016:
13014:
13010:
12999:
12995:
12994:
12990:
12980:
12978:
12974:
12967:
12963:
12962:
12955:
12940:
12936:
12926:
12924:
12915:
12914:
12910:
12899:
12895:
12886:
12884:
12871:
12867:
12857:
12855:
12846:
12845:
12838:
12828:
12826:
12813:
12812:
12808:
12798:
12796:
12781:
12780:
12776:
12766:
12764:
12755:
12754:
12750:
12740:
12738:
12725:
12724:
12720:
12710:
12708:
12704:
12697:
12691:
12687:
12677:
12675:
12658:
12654:
12644:
12642:
12625:
12621:
12613:
12609:
12599:
12597:
12582:
12581:
12577:
12567:
12565:
12550:
12549:
12545:
12535:
12533:
12518:
12517:
12513:
12503:
12501:
12486:
12482:
12472:
12470:
12458:
12454:
12443:
12426:
12422:
12411:
12389:
12385:
12377:
12373:
12365:
12361:
12351:
12331:
12327:
12319:
12315:
12305:
12303:
12294:
12293:
12289:
12281:
12277:
12267:
12265:
12250:
12249:
12245:
12238:
12218:
12214:
12207:
12185:
12181:
12172:Wayback Machine
12163:
12159:
12149:
12147:
12146:on 3 April 2007
12134:
12133:
12126:
12118:
12114:
12103:
12081:
12077:
12069:
12065:
12055:
12032:
12028:
12018:
12016:
11991:
11987:
11977:
11957:
11953:
11942:
11922:
11918:
11911:
11894:
11890:
11880:
11878:
11861:
11857:
11847:
11845:
11837:The Irish Times
11830:
11829:
11822:
11815:
11791:
11787:
11764:10.2307/2200460
11746:
11742:
11732:
11730:
11721:
11720:
11716:
11706:
11704:
11695:
11694:
11690:
11679:
11671:. p. 150.
11661:
11657:
11646:
11632:
11628:
11613:
11603:Haymarket Books
11595:
11591:
11566:10.2307/2537599
11544:
11540:
11533:
11510:
11506:
11499:
11485:Esber, Rosmarie
11482:
11478:
11468:
11466:
11452:
11448:
11441:
11420:
11416:
11409:
11382:
11378:
11371:
11347:
11343:
11328:10.2307/2537217
11307:
11303:
11288:10.2307/2536718
11272:
11268:
11258:
11256:
11247:
11246:
11242:
11234:
11230:
11222:
11218:
11210:
11206:
11198:
11194:
11184:
11182:
11169:
11168:
11164:
11149:
11145:
11135:
11133:
11124:
11123:
11119:
11109:
11107:
11100:
11076:
11069:
11061:
11052:
11042:
11040:
11025:
11024:
11020:
10993:
10989:
10979:
10977:
10958:
10957:
10953:
10943:
10941:
10934:
10916:
10912:
10898:
10894:
10887:
10873:
10869:
10862:
10848:
10844:
10829:
10827:
10823:
10816:
10810:
10806:
10796:
10794:
10785:
10784:
10780:
10770:
10768:
10760:Times of Israel
10751:
10747:
10737:
10735:
10718:
10714:
10704:Wayback Machine
10695:
10691:
10680:
10664:
10660:
10652:
10643:
10635:
10631:
10621:
10619:
10606:
10605:
10601:
10590:
10568:
10564:
10557:
10547:Moment of Truth
10543:
10539:
10532:
10516:
10512:
10504:
10500:
10493:
10475:
10468:
10461:
10443:
10436:
10425:
10400:
10396:
10385:
10365:
10361:
10354:
10332:
10328:
10321:
10311:Moment of Truth
10307:
10303:
10293:
10291:
10276:
10275:
10271:
10261:
10259:
10244:
10243:
10239:
10229:
10227:
10210:
10206:
10196:
10194:
10179:
10178:
10174:
10164:
10162:
10149:
10148:
10144:
10137:
10121:
10117:
10107:
10105:
10090:
10086:
10076:
10074:
10059:
10058:
10054:
10044:
10042:
10027:
10026:
10022:
10016:Wayback Machine
10007:
10003:
9993:
9991:
9974:
9970:
9958:
9954:
9939:
9935:
9925:
9923:
9915:Times of Israel
9906:
9899:
9890:
9886:
9876:
9874:
9861:
9860:
9856:
9846:
9844:
9831:
9830:
9826:
9816:
9814:
9797:
9793:
9783:
9781:
9764:
9760:
9750:
9748:
9733:Horn, Jordana.
9731:
9727:
9717:
9715:
9698:
9694:
9679:
9662:
9655:
9645:
9643:
9626:
9622:
9612:
9610:
9595:
9591:
9583:
9579:
9569:
9567:
9552:
9548:
9538:
9536:
9519:
9515:
9505:
9503:
9488:
9487:
9483:
9473:
9471:
9452:
9451:
9447:
9437:
9435:
9420:
9419:
9415:
9405:Wayback Machine
9395:
9391:
9376:
9372:
9353:
9352:
9348:
9338:
9336:
9321:
9320:
9316:
9306:
9304:
9295:
9294:
9290:
9282:
9278:
9268:
9266:
9251:
9250:
9246:
9236:
9234:
9221:
9220:
9216:
9206:
9204:
9189:
9188:
9184:
9174:
9172:
9157:
9156:
9152:
9143:
9139:
9134:
9130:
9125:
9121:
9113:
9109:
9099:
9097:
9089:
9088:
9084:
9076:
9072:
9064:
9055:
9047:
9040:
9032:
9021:
9013:
9009:
9001:
8997:
8989:
8985:
8980:
8976:
8966:
8964:
8949:
8948:
8944:
8934:
8932:
8917:
8916:
8912:
8902:
8900:
8885:
8881:
8871:
8869:
8854:
8850:
8840:
8838:
8823:
8819:
8809:
8807:
8802:. 18 May 2023.
8794:
8793:
8789:
8779:
8777:
8764:
8763:
8759:
8749:
8747:
8734:
8733:
8729:
8719:
8717:
8704:
8703:
8699:
8689:
8687:
8674:
8673:
8669:
8659:
8657:
8640:
8636:
8629:
8609:
8605:
8598:
8581:
8577:
8567:
8565:
8551:
8547:
8537:
8535:
8530:. 6 July 2022.
8518:
8517:
8513:
8502:
8488:
8484:
8448:
8444:
8434:
8419:
8415:
8403:
8373:10.2307/2203016
8356:
8347:
8343:
8333:
8331:
8316:
8315:
8311:
8303:
8299:
8290:Wayback Machine
8280:
8276:
8267:Wayback Machine
8258:
8254:
8244:
8242:
8229:
8228:
8224:
8217:
8201:
8197:
8187:
8185:
8176:
8175:
8171:
8161:
8159:
8155:
8144:
8140:
8139:
8135:
8114:
8110:
8104:
8100:
8091:Wayback Machine
8081:
8077:
8067:
8065:
8050:
8049:
8045:
8035:
8033:
8028:. 28 May 2015.
8025:Times of Israel
8018:
8017:
8013:
8003:
8001:
7993:TheGuardian.com
7986:
7985:
7981:
7971:
7969:
7952:
7948:
7938:
7936:
7921:
7920:
7916:
7906:
7904:
7889:
7888:
7884:
7874:
7872:
7855:
7851:
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7823:
7798:
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7782:
7767:
7766:
7762:
7752:
7750:
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7730:
7720:
7718:
7703:
7702:
7698:
7690:Times of Israel
7681:
7677:
7667:Wayback Machine
7656:
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7488:on 21 July 2011
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7224:Morris, Benny.
7222:
7218:
7210:. p. 168.
7197:
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7170:
7166:
7162:, pp. 352.
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6919:
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6904:. p. 241.
6892:
6885:
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6832:. p. 290.
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5805:
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5798:. 5 July 2006.
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5276:Wayback Machine
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5043:. p. 391.
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4052:
4042:
4040:
4039:on 12 June 2009
4031:
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3998:
3989:
3988:
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3979:on 1 July 2010.
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3299:Second Intifada
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3193:
3187:
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3169:
3153:
3142:
3104:in January 2013
3090:
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2997:
2991:
2978:
2909:water resources
2905:
2891:
2889:Water resources
2796:
2782:
2630:
2616:
2562:
2544:event, and the
2477:
2463:
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2394:
2390:
2388:
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2375:
2368:
2360:Main articles:
2358:
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2035:
2017:
1953:
1947:
1942:
1841:
1835:
1763:
1757:
1733:
1727:
1715:Second Intifada
1696:
1690:
1668:and Jerusalem.
1642:
1636:
1562:
1556:
1525:
1506:
1500:
1475:
1467:Iraq, and Syria
1358:
1313:
1276:Second Intifada
1264:
1262:Second Intifada
1258:
1221:
1215:
1184:
1178:
1161:
1155:
1115:Sinai Peninsula
1095:
1089:
1052:
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1004:
996:refugee problem
951:
945:
888:
868:Peel Commission
821:
815:
762:
688:
682:
675:
669:
661:the most recent
637:occupying power
508:British mandate
484:Jewish homeland
471:Jewish settlers
393:
387:
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374:Second Intifada
371:
365:
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349:
309:
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25421:Guerrilla wars
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25210:Related topics
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25076:Islamic Legion
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25018:
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25003:
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24966:Al-Mourabitoun
24963:
24958:
24952:
24950:
24944:
24943:
24941:
24940:
24935:
24933:Hamdeen Sabahi
24930:
24925:
24923:Fuad al-Rikabi
24920:
24915:
24913:Adnan Pachachi
24910:
24905:
24900:
24895:
24890:
24885:
24883:Saddam Hussein
24880:
24875:
24873:Sati' al-Husri
24870:
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24855:
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24808:Hafez al-Assad
24805:
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24798:Zaki al-Arsuzi
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24681:
24679:Aden Emergency
24676:
24671:
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24646:
24641:
24636:
24631:
24626:
24624:Iraqi Intifada
24621:
24616:
24615:
24614:
24609:
24607:Yom Kippur War
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24502:Arab socialism
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24421:Project Nimbus
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24387:
24380:
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24353:
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24334:Al-Saqqa House
24331:
24325:
24323:
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24313:
24312:
24310:
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24299:
24294:
24292:Plestia Alaqad
24289:
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24220:
24219:
24214:
24208:
24206:
24205:General topics
24202:
24201:
24199:
24198:
24196:Belal Jadallah
24193:
24188:
24183:
24178:
24176:Issam Abdallah
24172:
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24099:
24098:
24096:
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24090:
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24080:
24075:
24070:
24065:
24060:
24058:Ibrahim Qusaya
24055:
24053:Hani Al-Masdar
24050:
24045:
24040:
24038:Sidra Hassouna
24035:
24030:
24025:
24020:
24015:
24010:
24005:
24000:
23998:Adnan al-Bursh
23995:
23990:
23985:
23980:
23975:
23970:
23965:
23960:
23958:Refaat Alareer
23955:
23950:
23945:
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23937:
23933:
23932:
23930:
23929:
23927:Jihad Shehadeh
23924:
23918:
23916:
23910:
23909:
23907:
23906:
23901:
23896:
23891:
23886:
23881:
23876:
23874:Fursan Khalifa
23871:
23866:
23861:
23859:Ahmed Ghandour
23856:
23851:
23846:
23841:
23836:
23834:Ismail Haniyeh
23830:
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23741:Yitzhar Hofman
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23582:A/RES/ES-10/23
23579:
23574:
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23567:A/RES/ES-10/22
23564:
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23557:A/RES/ES-10/21
23553:
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23550:UN resolutions
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23534:D-Chowk Dharna
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23484:United Kingdom
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23356:Discrimination
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23294:European Union
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23191:Misinformation
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23181:Media coverage
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22773:
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22766:
22763:
22762:
22759:
22758:
22756:
22755:
22747:
22742:
22740:missile strike
22734:
22729:
22721:
22715:
22713:
22711:Red Sea crisis
22707:
22706:
22704:
22703:
22698:
22693:
22688:
22683:
22678:
22672:
22670:
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22568:
22565:
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22562:
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22536:
22530:
22528:
22527:General topics
22524:
22523:
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22520:
22515:
22510:
22505:
22500:
22495:
22490:
22488:Flour massacre
22485:
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22213:
22211:
22210:
22203:
22198:
22193:
22191:Death Shelters
22188:
22183:
22177:
22175:
22174:General topics
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22167:
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22029:
22024:
22018:
22015:
22014:
22007:
22006:
21999:
21992:
21984:
21975:
21974:
21962:
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21475:
21473:Francop Affair
21470:
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21449:
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21443:
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21247:Related topics
21244:
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21233:United Nations
21230:
21225:
21223:European Union
21220:
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21208:
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21137:United Kingdom
21134:
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20460:
20455:
20450:
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20442:
20438:
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20432:United Nations
20429:
20427:European Union
20424:
20419:
20414:
20413:
20412:
20401:
20399:
20395:
20394:
20392:
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20386:
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20345:
20340:
20335:
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20312:
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20302:United Kingdom
20299:
20294:
20289:
20284:
20279:
20274:
20269:
20264:
20259:
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20239:
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20229:
20224:
20219:
20214:
20209:
20204:
20199:
20194:
20189:
20184:
20179:
20174:
20169:
20164:
20162:Czech Republic
20159:
20154:
20149:
20144:
20139:
20134:
20128:
20126:
20122:
20121:
20119:
20118:
20113:
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20068:
20063:
20058:
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20016:
20011:
20006:
20001:
19996:
19991:
19986:
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19969:
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19959:
19954:
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19947:
19937:
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19927:
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19917:
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19907:
19901:
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19895:
19894:
19892:
19891:
19886:
19881:
19880:
19879:
19869:
19864:
19859:
19854:
19849:
19844:
19839:
19834:
19829:
19824:
19819:
19814:
19809:
19803:
19801:
19797:
19796:
19789:
19787:
19785:
19784:
19779:
19774:
19769:
19764:
19759:
19754:
19749:
19744:
19739:
19734:
19729:
19724:
19719:
19714:
19709:
19704:
19699:
19694:
19689:
19684:
19679:
19674:
19669:
19664:
19659:
19654:
19649:
19644:
19639:
19634:
19629:
19623:
19621:
19617:
19616:
19602:
19601:
19594:
19587:
19579:
19570:
19569:
19565:
19564:
19561:
19560:
19558:
19557:
19552:
19546:
19544:
19536:
19534:
19533:
19528:
19523:
19518:
19513:
19505:
19497:
19495:
19494:
19492:Oslo II Accord
19489:
19481:
19480:
19478:
19474:
19473:
19468:
19463:
19461:East Jerusalem
19457:
19455:
19454:
19448:
19446:
19445:
19443:
19442:
19436:
19434:
19428:
19427:
19426:
19418:
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19415:
19410:
19405:
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19380:
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19366:
19364:
19359:
19351:
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19338:
19333:
19328:
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19318:
19317:
19312:
19306:
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19301:
19296:
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19280:
19279:
19268:
19267:
19260:
19253:
19245:
19236:
19235:
19231:
19230:
19227:
19226:
19218:East Jerusalem
19175:
19173:
19166:
19160:
19157:
19156:
19083:
19082:
19080:
19073:
19067:
19029:
19026:
19025:
19023:
19022:
19005:
19000:
18990:
18977:
18976:
18971:
18966:
18952:
18951:
18944:
18943:
18938:
18933:
18931:Land of Israel
18925:
18922:
18921:
18918:Land of Israel
18910:
18909:
18902:
18895:
18887:
18878:
18877:
18874:
18873:
18871:
18870:
18864:
18863:
18862:
18857:
18852:
18847:
18836:
18829:
18827:
18820:
18819:
18817:
18816:
18810:
18804:
18798:
18792:
18786:
18776:
18758:
18748:
18742:
18732:
18726:
18720:
18710:
18704:
18698:
18692:
18682:
18676:
18669:
18667:
18663:
18662:
18660:
18659:
18653:
18647:
18641:
18635:
18629:
18610:
18600:
18590:
18580:
18570:
18564:
18554:
18547:
18545:
18541:
18540:
18538:
18537:
18531:
18525:
18519:
18513:
18507:
18501:
18495:
18489:
18483:
18477:
18471:
18461:
18455:
18449:
18443:
18436:
18434:
18430:
18429:
18424:Diplomacy and
18421:
18420:
18413:
18406:
18398:
18391:
18390:
18387:
18386:
18384:
18383:
18382:
18381:
18373:
18363:
18353:
18345:
18335:
18327:
18319:
18311:
18303:
18295:
18285:
18280:Returning Echo
18275:
18267:
18259:
18251:
18233:
18225:
18215:
18205:
18195:
18187:
18179:
18170:
18168:
18164:
18163:
18161:
18160:
18150:
18145:Accountability
18140:
18128:
18118:
18110:
18102:
18094:
18090:First Intifada
18086:
18076:
18068:
18064:Bus 300 affair
18060:
18052:
18042:
18033:
18031:
18027:
18026:
18024:
18023:
18013:
18005:
17995:
17987:
17979:
17971:
17961:
17953:
17945:
17937:
17933:Yom Kippur War
17929:
17919:
17911:
17903:
17895:
17887:
17878:
17876:
17872:
17871:
17869:
17868:
17860:
17852:
17844:
17836:
17834:
17830:
17829:
17822:
17821:
17814:
17807:
17799:
17792:
17791:
17788:
17787:
17785:
17784:
17779:
17773:
17771:
17767:
17766:
17764:
17763:
17761:United Nations
17758:
17756:European Union
17752:
17750:
17746:
17745:
17743:
17742:
17737:
17732:
17730:United Kingdom
17727:
17722:
17717:
17712:
17707:
17702:
17696:
17694:
17690:
17689:
17686:
17685:
17683:
17682:
17677:
17672:
17667:
17662:
17657:
17652:
17647:
17642:
17637:
17632:
17626:
17624:
17620:
17619:
17617:
17616:
17611:
17606:
17601:
17596:
17591:
17586:
17581:
17576:
17571:
17566:
17564:al-Mourabitoun
17561:
17556:
17551:
17546:
17541:
17536:
17531:
17526:
17521:
17516:
17511:
17506:
17501:
17495:
17493:
17486:
17482:
17481:
17479:
17478:
17469:
17464:
17459:
17454:
17449:
17447:Ba'athist Iraq
17440:
17435:
17426:
17420:
17418:
17412:
17411:
17408:
17407:
17404:
17401:
17397:
17394:
17393:
17386:
17379:
17371:
17364:
17363:
17356:
17355:
17348:
17341:
17333:
17324:
17323:
17320:
17319:
17317:
17316:
17311:
17305:
17303:
17299:
17298:
17296:
17295:
17294:
17293:
17283:
17278:
17273:
17267:
17265:
17258:
17254:
17253:
17250:
17249:
17247:
17246:
17245:
17244:
17239:
17234:
17229:
17224:
17219:
17214:
17204:
17203:
17202:
17192:
17191:
17190:
17180:
17179:
17178:
17173:
17163:
17162:
17161:
17156:
17151:
17141:
17140:
17139:
17134:
17133:
17132:
17122:
17120:Qatif conflict
17112:
17111:
17110:
17100:
17095:
17090:
17084:
17082:
17078:
17077:
17075:
17074:
17069:
17067:Papua conflict
17064:
17063:
17062:
17057:
17047:
17046:
17045:
17040:
17035:
17030:
17028:Karen conflict
17025:
17020:
17015:
17004:
17002:
16996:
16995:
16993:
16992:
16991:
16990:
16985:
16980:
16975:
16970:
16965:
16954:
16953:
16948:
16943:
16937:
16936:
16935:
16934:
16923:
16922:
16921:
16920:
16915:
16904:
16902:
16898:
16897:
16895:
16894:
16888:
16886:
16882:
16881:
16879:
16878:
16872:
16870:
16863:
16859:
16858:
16855:
16854:
16852:
16851:
16846:
16841:
16836:
16831:
16825:
16823:
16819:
16818:
16816:
16815:
16810:
16805:
16800:
16795:
16789:
16787:
16780:
16776:
16775:
16772:
16771:
16769:
16768:
16763:
16762:
16761:
16751:
16746:
16741:
16740:
16739:
16734:
16729:
16724:
16713:
16711:
16707:
16706:
16704:
16703:
16702:
16701:
16691:
16686:
16685:
16684:
16674:
16669:
16664:
16663:
16662:
16657:
16652:
16642:
16636:
16634:
16630:
16629:
16627:
16626:
16625:
16624:
16614:
16609:
16604:
16603:
16602:
16597:
16595:Oromo conflict
16592:
16590:OLA insurgency
16587:
16577:
16575:ADF insurgency
16571:
16569:
16565:
16564:
16562:
16561:
16556:
16555:
16554:
16544:
16543:
16542:
16537:
16535:Ituri conflict
16527:
16522:
16517:
16512:
16507:
16501:
16499:
16492:
16488:
16487:
16480:
16479:
16472:
16465:
16457:
16451:
16448:
16447:
16435:
16434:
16431:
16430:
16428:
16427:
16422:
16417:
16412:
16407:
16405:Media coverage
16402:
16401:
16400:
16395:
16390:
16382:
16377:
16371:
16368:
16367:
16357:
16356:
16353:
16352:
16349:
16348:
16346:
16345:
16344:
16343:
16337:
16329:
16323:
16314:
16308:
16302:
16296:
16291:
16285:
16283:
16282:United Nations
16279:
16278:
16275:
16274:
16272:
16271:
16265:
16259:
16252:
16250:
16246:
16245:
16243:
16242:
16233:
16227:
16221:
16215:
16209:
16203:
16197:
16191:
16180:
16178:
16174:
16173:
16171:
16170:
16164:
16158:
16152:
16146:
16140:
16138:Paris Protocol
16134:
16128:
16122:
16115:
16113:
16109:
16108:
16106:
16105:
16104:
16103:
16098:
16087:
16081:
16080:
16079:
16067:
16065:
16058:
16050:
16049:
16039:
16038:
16035:
16034:
16031:
16030:
16027:
16026:
16024:
16023:
16013:
16007:
16001:
15991:
15981:
15975:
15969:
15959:
15953:
15947:
15937:
15927:"Summer Rains"
15914:
15912:
15905:
15898:
15895:
15894:
15891:
15890:
15888:
15887:
15881:
15875:
15869:
15864:
15858:
15852:
15842:
15835:
15833:
15826:
15821:
15818:
15817:
15814:
15813:
15811:
15810:
15796:
15790:
15766:
15758:
15756:October events
15752:
15747:
15746:
15745:
15735:
15734:
15733:
15722:
15720:
15713:
15707:
15706:
15703:
15702:
15700:
15699:
15693:
15692:
15691:
15680:
15674:
15672:Bus 405 attack
15668:
15661:
15659:
15652:
15650:First Intifada
15646:
15645:
15642:
15641:
15639:
15638:
15632:
15619:
15617:Bus 300 affair
15613:
15607:
15606:
15605:
15594:
15588:
15586:Yom Kippur War
15581:
15579:
15572:
15568:
15567:
15564:
15563:
15561:
15560:
15554:
15544:
15538:
15532:
15522:
15503:
15496:
15494:
15487:
15480:
15477:
15476:
15473:
15472:
15470:
15469:
15468:
15467:
15455:
15449:
15435:
15433:Qibya massacre
15429:
15428:
15427:
15421:
15409:
15408:
15407:
15395:
15393:
15386:
15382:
15381:
15378:
15377:
15375:
15374:
15368:
15362:
15356:
15355:
15354:
15343:
15337:
15336:
15335:
15330:
15321:
15319:
15312:
15302:
15301:
15299:
15298:
15297:
15296:
15278:
15277:
15274:
15273:
15270:
15269:
15267:
15266:
15261:
15256:
15251:
15249:Ramadan Shalah
15246:
15241:
15236:
15231:
15226:
15221:
15216:
15211:
15206:
15201:
15196:
15191:
15186:
15181:
15176:
15171:
15166:
15164:Nayef Hawatmeh
15161:
15159:Ismail Haniyeh
15156:
15151:
15146:
15141:
15136:
15131:
15126:
15121:
15116:
15111:
15105:
15103:
15097:
15096:
15094:
15093:
15088:
15083:
15078:
15076:Shabtai Shavit
15073:
15068:
15066:Yitzhak Shamir
15063:
15058:
15053:
15048:
15043:
15038:
15033:
15028:
15023:
15018:
15013:
15008:
15003:
14998:
14993:
14988:
14983:
14978:
14976:Menachem Begin
14973:
14968:
14963:
14958:
14953:
14947:
14945:
14935:
14934:
14924:
14923:
14920:
14919:
14916:
14915:
14913:
14912:
14907:
14901:
14899:
14895:
14894:
14891:
14890:
14888:
14887:
14885:Sons of Zouari
14882:
14877:
14872:
14867:
14862:
14857:
14852:
14847:
14842:
14840:Jenin Brigades
14837:
14832:
14827:
14821:
14819:
14815:
14814:
14812:
14811:
14806:
14801:
14796:
14791:
14785:
14783:
14776:
14770:
14769:
14767:
14766:
14761:
14756:
14751:
14745:
14743:
14733:
14732:
14722:
14721:
14714:
14713:
14706:
14699:
14691:
14685:
14684:
14679:
14674:
14669:
14664:
14659:
14654:
14649:
14644:
14639:
14633:
14620:
14619:
14607:
14606:
14600:
14583:
14577:
14572:
14561:
14560:
14554:
14548:
14532:
14527:
14516:
14515:
14510:
14499:
14498:
14495:The Media Line
14492:
14486:
14480:
14474:
14469:
14464:
14450:
14435:
14434:
14429:
14421:United Nations
14417:
14416:External links
14414:
14412:
14411:
14398:
14383:
14377:
14364:
14358:
14343:
14337:
14322:
14317:978-0198298915
14316:
14297:
14291:
14273:Slater, Jerome
14269:
14263:
14241:
14235:
14213:
14207:
14197:, ed. (2002).
14191:
14185:
14170:
14164:
14142:
14136:
14114:
14108:
14086:
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14007:
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13686:
13656:
13623:
13584:
13567:United Nations
13543:
13511:
13479:
13447:
13415:
13383:
13351:
13320:
13294:
13254:
13242:
13230:
13198:
13166:
13133:
13097:
13078:
13059:
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12988:
12953:
12934:
12908:
12893:
12865:
12836:
12806:
12774:
12748:
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12685:
12652:
12619:
12607:
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12543:
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12480:
12452:
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12325:
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12287:
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12075:
12063:
12053:
12026:
11985:
11975:
11951:
11940:
11934:. p. 50.
11916:
11909:
11888:
11855:
11820:
11813:
11785:
11758:(3): 586–614.
11740:
11714:
11688:
11677:
11655:
11644:
11626:
11611:
11589:
11560:(1): 121–137.
11538:
11531:
11504:
11497:
11476:
11446:
11439:
11414:
11407:
11376:
11369:
11341:
11301:
11266:
11240:
11228:
11216:
11204:
11192:
11162:
11157:United Nations
11143:
11117:
11098:
11078:Peters, Joel;
11067:
11050:
11018:
11003:. p. 96.
10987:
10951:
10932:
10910:
10892:
10885:
10867:
10860:
10842:
10826:on 5 June 2014
10804:
10778:
10745:
10712:
10689:
10678:
10658:
10641:
10629:
10599:
10588:
10562:
10555:
10537:
10530:
10510:
10498:
10491:
10466:
10459:
10434:
10423:
10394:
10383:
10359:
10352:
10336:"Introduction"
10326:
10319:
10301:
10269:
10254:. 8 May 2014.
10237:
10204:
10172:
10155:Jerusalem Post
10142:
10135:
10115:
10098:Algemeiner.com
10084:
10052:
10020:
10001:
9968:
9960:Tanya Reinhart
9952:
9933:
9897:
9884:
9854:
9824:
9791:
9758:
9725:
9692:
9677:
9653:
9620:
9603:Almasry Alyoum
9589:
9577:
9546:
9513:
9481:
9445:
9413:
9389:
9370:
9346:
9314:
9299:. Mag.idf.il.
9288:
9276:
9244:
9214:
9182:
9150:
9137:
9128:
9119:
9107:
9082:
9070:
9053:
9038:
9019:
9007:
8995:
8983:
8974:
8942:
8910:
8879:
8848:
8817:
8787:
8757:
8727:
8697:
8667:
8634:
8627:
8603:
8596:
8575:
8545:
8511:
8500:
8482:
8442:
8432:
8413:
8341:
8309:
8297:
8274:
8252:
8222:
8215:
8195:
8169:
8133:
8108:
8098:
8075:
8043:
8011:
7979:
7946:
7914:
7882:
7849:
7821:
7792:
7760:
7728:
7696:
7675:
7650:
7629:
7597:
7565:
7532:
7499:
7473:
7440:
7408:
7396:
7338:
7328:
7304:
7267:
7255:
7216:
7188:
7176:
7164:
7152:
7141:
7114:
7107:
7080:
7073:
7041:
7034:
7002:
6990:
6978:
6971:
6951:
6942:
6933:
6917:
6910:
6883:
6872:
6865:
6845:
6838:
6809:
6797:
6785:
6770:
6763:
6738:
6723:
6711:
6699:
6687:
6680:
6656:
6647:
6640:
6620:
6605:
6585:
6565:
6544:
6524:
6492:
6459:
6427:
6401:
6370:
6349:
6319:
6281:
6254:
6222:
6202:
6170:
6137:
6111:
6091:
6071:
6053:
6021:
5991:
5961:
5929:
5892:
5885:
5854:
5813:
5781:
5751:
5717:
5705:
5694:
5670:
5659:
5632:
5620:
5608:
5597:
5573:
5562:
5538:
5527:
5507:
5495:
5484:
5460:
5448:
5436:
5424:
5412:
5400:
5388:
5377:
5353:
5342:
5324:
5312:
5300:
5280:
5255:
5244:on 24 May 2012
5229:
5222:
5200:
5181:
5130:
5114:
5102:
5083:
5077:. p. 66.
5056:
5049:
5027:
5015:
5003:
4964:
4945:
4924:
4912:
4896:
4877:
4867:(3 ed.).
4850:
4838:
4828:
4799:
4788:
4768:
4756:
4745:
4739:. p. 66.
4718:
4707:
4683:
4671:
4664:
4635:
4556:
4537:
4531:. p. 64.
4510:
4494:
4487:
4464:
4452:
4440:
4404:
4378:
4371:
4337:
4297:
4267:
4233:
4226:
4204:
4198:978-0190625337
4197:
4175:
4173:, p. 237.
4163:
4151:
4125:
4103:
4078:
4050:
4024:
3996:
3982:
3957:
3950:
3920:
3909:(2): 216–240.
3893:
3855:
3838:
3819:
3812:
3806:. p. 61.
3788:
3781:
3775:. p. 67.
3759:
3743:
3716:
3690:
3678:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3625:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3616:
3614:Seeds of Peace
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3468:
3465:
3449:
3446:
3407:first intifada
3363:
3362:
3343:
3341:
3334:
3314:
3311:
3280:
3277:
3261:
3258:
3243:Sharm el-Sheik
3206:
3205:
3188:September 2018
3156:
3154:
3147:
3141:
3138:
3118:First Intifada
3089:
3086:
3055:El Al Airlines
3047:
3044:
3017:
3014:
2990:
2987:
2977:
2974:
2951:Oslo II Accord
2890:
2887:
2859:Qassam rockets
2802:Remains of an
2781:
2778:
2696:New Historians
2680:New Historians
2615:
2612:
2578:al-Aqsa mosque
2561:
2558:
2546:Al-Aqsa Mosque
2488:remote sensing
2475:Al-Aqsa Mosque
2459:Main article:
2456:
2453:
2438:
2435:
2420:
2417:
2389:
2383:
2374:
2357:
2354:
2259:
2256:
2219:
2216:
2194:Protestors in
2184:Main article:
2181:
2178:
2149:of the Fourth
2097:Main article:
2094:
2091:
2059:East Jerusalem
2016:
2013:
1949:Main article:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1940:Current status
1938:
1837:Main article:
1834:
1831:
1771:George W. Bush
1759:Main article:
1756:
1753:
1729:Main article:
1726:
1723:
1692:Main article:
1689:
1686:
1638:Main article:
1635:
1632:
1570:peace movement
1558:Main article:
1555:
1552:
1524:
1521:
1502:Main article:
1499:
1496:
1491:Yitzhak Shamir
1474:
1471:
1357:
1354:
1312:
1309:
1296:United Nations
1288:130 fatalities
1260:Main article:
1257:
1254:
1219:First Intifada
1217:Main article:
1214:
1211:
1180:Main article:
1177:
1174:
1159:Yom Kippur War
1157:Main article:
1154:
1151:
1091:Main article:
1088:
1085:
1048:Main article:
1045:
1042:
1024:Following the
1006:Main article:
1003:
1000:
947:Main article:
944:
941:
887:
884:
872:Chaim Weizmann
817:Main article:
814:
811:
761:
758:
746:Chaim Weizmann
696:Arab-Christian
671:Main article:
668:
665:
524:partition plan
516:an Arab revolt
498:region during
410:
409:
368:First Intifada
336:
335:
332:
328:
327:
323:
322:
284:
283:
282:(1994–present)
269:
268:(1964–present)
256:
242:
240:
224:
223:
219:
218:
215:
214:
212:
211:
209:
208:
205:Oslo II Accord
201:
194:
189:
187:
186:
179:
170:
169:
168:
166:
165:
160:
158:
157:
149:
140:
139:
138:
136:
130:
129:
127:
126:
125:(intermittent)
120:
113:
110:
106:
105:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
89:
85:
84:
81:
73:
72:
48:
47:
40:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
25468:
25457:
25454:
25452:
25449:
25447:
25444:
25442:
25439:
25437:
25434:
25432:
25429:
25427:
25424:
25422:
25419:
25417:
25414:
25412:
25409:
25407:
25404:
25402:
25399:
25397:
25394:
25392:
25389:
25387:
25384:
25382:
25379:
25377:
25374:
25372:
25369:
25368:
25366:
25356:
25346:
25344:
25334:
25333:
25330:
25311:
25303:
25302:
25299:
25293:
25290:
25288:
25285:
25283:
25280:
25278:
25275:
25273:
25270:
25268:
25265:
25263:
25260:
25258:
25255:
25253:
25250:
25248:
25245:
25243:
25242:Greater Yemen
25240:
25238:
25237:Greater Syria
25235:
25233:
25230:
25228:
25225:
25223:
25220:
25218:
25215:
25214:
25212:
25208:
25202:
25199:
25197:
25194:
25192:
25189:
25187:
25184:
25182:
25179:
25177:
25174:
25173:
25171:
25169:
25165:
25159:
25158:
25154:
25152:
25151:
25147:
25145:
25144:
25140:
25139:
25137:
25133:
25127:
25124:
25122:
25119:
25117:
25114:
25112:
25109:
25107:
25104:
25102:
25099:
25097:
25094:
25092:
25089:
25087:
25084:
25082:
25079:
25077:
25074:
25072:
25069:
25067:
25064:
25062:
25059:
25057:
25054:
25052:
25049:
25047:
25044:
25042:
25039:
25037:
25034:
25032:
25029:
25027:
25024:
25022:
25019:
25017:
25014:
25012:
25009:
25007:
25004:
25002:
24999:
24997:
24994:
24992:
24989:
24987:
24984:
24982:
24979:
24977:
24974:
24972:
24969:
24967:
24964:
24962:
24959:
24957:
24954:
24953:
24951:
24949:
24948:Organizations
24945:
24939:
24936:
24934:
24931:
24929:
24926:
24924:
24921:
24919:
24916:
24914:
24911:
24909:
24906:
24904:
24901:
24899:
24896:
24894:
24891:
24889:
24886:
24884:
24881:
24879:
24876:
24874:
24871:
24869:
24868:George Habash
24866:
24864:
24861:
24859:
24856:
24854:
24851:
24849:
24848:Izzat Darwaza
24846:
24844:
24841:
24839:
24836:
24834:
24831:
24829:
24826:
24824:
24821:
24819:
24816:
24814:
24811:
24809:
24806:
24804:
24801:
24799:
24796:
24794:
24791:
24789:
24786:
24784:
24783:Yasser Arafat
24781:
24779:
24776:
24774:
24771:
24769:
24766:
24765:
24763:
24761:
24760:Personalities
24757:
24751:
24748:
24746:
24743:
24741:
24738:
24736:
24735:Arab identity
24733:
24732:
24730:
24726:
24720:
24717:
24715:
24712:
24710:
24707:
24705:
24702:
24700:
24697:
24695:
24692:
24690:
24687:
24685:
24682:
24680:
24677:
24675:
24672:
24670:
24667:
24665:
24662:
24660:
24657:
24655:
24652:
24650:
24649:Arab Cold War
24647:
24645:
24642:
24640:
24637:
24635:
24632:
24630:
24627:
24625:
24622:
24620:
24617:
24613:
24610:
24608:
24605:
24603:
24600:
24598:
24595:
24593:
24590:
24589:
24588:
24585:
24583:
24580:
24578:
24575:
24573:
24570:
24566:
24563:
24562:
24561:
24558:
24556:
24553:
24549:
24546:
24545:
24544:
24541:
24539:
24536:
24535:
24533:
24529:
24523:
24520:
24518:
24515:
24513:
24510:
24508:
24505:
24503:
24500:
24499:
24497:
24493:
24489:
24482:
24477:
24475:
24470:
24468:
24463:
24462:
24459:
24447:
24439:
24438:
24435:
24428:
24424:
24422:
24419:
24416:
24412:
24410:
24407:
24405:
24402:
24399:
24395:
24392:
24388:
24385:
24381:
24379:
24376:
24374:
24371:
24369:
24368:
24364:
24362:
24359:
24357:
24356:Blockout 2024
24354:
24352:
24349:
24346:
24342:
24340:
24337:
24335:
24332:
24330:
24327:
24326:
24324:
24318:
24308:
24305:
24303:
24300:
24298:
24295:
24293:
24290:
24288:
24285:
24284:
24282:
24278:
24272:
24269:
24267:
24264:
24262:
24259:
24257:
24254:
24252:
24249:
24247:
24244:
24243:
24241:
24237:
24234:
24228:
24218:
24217:Friendly fire
24215:
24213:
24210:
24209:
24207:
24203:
24197:
24194:
24192:
24189:
24187:
24184:
24182:
24179:
24177:
24174:
24173:
24171:
24169:
24165:
24159:
24156:
24154:
24151:
24149:
24146:
24144:
24141:
24139:
24136:
24134:
24131:
24129:
24126:
24124:
24121:
24119:
24116:
24114:
24111:
24110:
24108:
24104:
24094:
24091:
24089:
24086:
24084:
24081:
24079:
24076:
24074:
24071:
24069:
24066:
24064:
24061:
24059:
24056:
24054:
24051:
24049:
24046:
24044:
24041:
24039:
24036:
24034:
24031:
24029:
24026:
24024:
24021:
24019:
24016:
24014:
24011:
24009:
24006:
24004:
24003:Rashid Dabour
24001:
23999:
23996:
23994:
23991:
23989:
23988:Mohammad Bhar
23986:
23984:
23981:
23979:
23976:
23974:
23971:
23969:
23966:
23964:
23961:
23959:
23956:
23954:
23953:Hiba Abu Nada
23951:
23949:
23946:
23944:
23941:
23940:
23938:
23934:
23928:
23925:
23923:
23920:
23919:
23917:
23911:
23905:
23902:
23900:
23899:Alaa Shreiteh
23897:
23895:
23892:
23890:
23887:
23885:
23882:
23880:
23877:
23875:
23872:
23870:
23867:
23865:
23864:Mohammed Deif
23862:
23860:
23857:
23855:
23854:Wissam Farhat
23852:
23850:
23847:
23845:
23842:
23840:
23837:
23835:
23832:
23831:
23829:
23825:
23822:
23818:
23808:
23805:
23803:
23802:Vivian Silver
23800:
23798:
23795:
23793:
23790:
23788:
23787:Ofir Libstein
23785:
23783:
23782:Hayim Katsman
23780:
23778:
23775:
23773:
23770:
23769:
23767:
23763:
23757:
23754:
23752:
23749:
23747:
23744:
23742:
23739:
23737:
23734:
23732:
23731:Salman Habaka
23729:
23727:
23724:
23722:
23721:Jayar Davidov
23719:
23717:
23714:
23712:
23711:Alim Abdallah
23709:
23708:
23706:
23702:
23699:
23695:
23692:
23690:
23686:
23672:
23671:
23667:
23666:
23664:
23660:
23654:
23651:
23649:
23648:
23644:
23642:
23641:
23637:
23635:
23633:
23629:
23628:
23626:
23624:Global courts
23622:
23614:
23611:
23610:
23609:
23606:
23605:
23603:
23599:
23593:
23590:
23588:
23585:
23583:
23580:
23578:
23575:
23573:
23570:
23568:
23565:
23563:
23560:
23558:
23555:
23554:
23552:
23548:
23540:
23537:
23535:
23532:
23531:
23529:
23525:
23522:
23520:
23519:Protest votes
23517:
23515:
23512:
23510:
23507:
23505:
23502:
23500:
23497:
23495:
23492:
23491:
23490:
23489:United States
23487:
23485:
23482:
23478:
23475:
23474:
23473:
23470:
23466:
23463:
23462:
23460:
23456:
23453:
23452:
23450:
23446:
23443:
23441:
23438:
23436:
23433:
23432:
23431:
23428:
23427:
23425:
23423:
23419:
23411:
23408:
23406:
23403:
23401:
23398:
23396:
23393:
23391:
23388:
23387:
23386:
23383:
23381:
23378:
23376:
23373:
23369:
23366:
23365:
23364:
23361:
23360:
23358:
23354:
23348:
23345:
23343:
23340:
23339:
23337:
23335:
23331:
23325:
23322:
23320:
23317:
23315:
23312:
23310:
23307:
23305:
23302:
23300:
23297:
23295:
23292:
23290:
23287:
23285:
23282:
23278:
23275:
23273:
23270:
23269:
23268:
23265:
23264:
23262:
23260:
23256:
23246:
23243:
23241:
23238:
23236:
23233:
23232:
23231:
23228:
23226:
23223:
23222:
23221:
23218:
23216:
23213:
23209:
23206:
23205:
23204:
23201:
23197:
23194:
23192:
23189:
23187:
23184:
23183:
23182:
23179:
23177:
23174:
23170:
23167:
23165:
23162:
23160:
23157:
23155:
23152:
23150:
23147:
23146:
23145:
23142:
23138:
23135:
23134:
23133:
23130:
23128:
23125:
23123:
23120:
23116:
23113:
23111:
23108:
23107:
23106:
23103:
23101:
23098:
23097:
23095:
23093:
23089:
23079:
23076:
23072:
23069:
23068:
23067:
23064:
23062:
23059:
23055:
23052:
23050:
23047:
23045:
23042:
23041:
23040:
23037:
23035:
23034:Human shields
23032:
23028:
23025:
23024:
23023:
23020:
23016:
23013:
23011:
23008:
23007:
23006:
23003:
23001:
22998:
22996:
22993:
22992:
22990:
22986:
22980:
22977:
22975:
22972:
22970:
22967:
22965:
22962:
22960:
22957:
22955:
22952:
22950:
22947:
22945:
22942:
22940:
22937:
22935:
22932:
22931:
22929:
22923:
22913:
22910:
22908:
22905:
22903:
22900:
22899:
22897:
22893:
22887:
22884:
22882:
22879:
22877:
22874:
22873:
22871:
22867:
22861:
22858:
22854:
22851:
22850:
22849:
22846:
22844:
22841:
22839:
22836:
22835:
22833:
22829:
22823:
22820:
22818:
22817:Oded Lifshitz
22815:
22813:
22810:
22809:
22807:
22803:
22797:
22794:
22792:
22789:
22787:
22786:
22782:
22780:
22777:
22776:
22774:
22772:
22768:
22754:
22753:
22748:
22746:
22743:
22741:
22739:
22738:Marlin Luanda
22735:
22733:
22730:
22728:
22727:
22722:
22720:
22717:
22716:
22714:
22712:
22708:
22702:
22699:
22697:
22694:
22692:
22689:
22687:
22684:
22682:
22679:
22677:
22674:
22673:
22671:
22669:
22665:
22659:
22656:
22654:
22651:
22649:
22646:
22644:
22641:
22640:
22638:
22636:
22632:
22626:
22623:
22621:
22618:
22616:
22613:
22611:
22608:
22606:
22603:
22599:
22596:
22594:
22591:
22589:
22586:
22585:
22584:
22581:
22580:
22578:
22576:
22570:
22560:
22557:
22555:
22554:Gaza genocide
22552:
22550:
22547:
22545:
22542:
22540:
22537:
22535:
22532:
22531:
22529:
22525:
22519:
22516:
22514:
22511:
22509:
22506:
22504:
22501:
22499:
22496:
22494:
22491:
22489:
22486:
22484:
22483:Rafah strikes
22481:
22479:
22476:
22474:
22471:
22469:
22466:
22465:
22463:
22461:Other attacks
22459:
22451:
22448:
22447:
22446:
22443:
22441:
22438:
22436:
22433:
22431:
22428:
22424:
22421:
22419:
22416:
22415:
22414:
22411:
22409:
22406:
22405:
22403:
22401:
22395:
22389:
22386:
22384:
22381:
22379:
22376:
22374:
22371:
22369:
22366:
22364:
22361:
22359:
22356:
22354:
22351:
22350:
22348:
22346:
22342:
22336:
22333:
22331:
22328:
22326:
22323:
22321:
22318:
22316:
22313:
22311:
22308:
22306:
22303:
22301:
22298:
22294:
22291:
22290:
22289:
22286:
22282:
22279:
22278:
22277:
22274:
22273:
22271:
22269:
22268:refugee camps
22263:
22255:
22252:
22251:
22250:
22247:
22245:
22242:
22240:
22237:
22235:
22232:
22231:
22229:
22227:
22219:
22209:
22208:
22204:
22202:
22199:
22197:
22194:
22192:
22189:
22187:
22184:
22182:
22179:
22178:
22176:
22172:
22166:
22163:
22161:
22158:
22156:
22153:
22151:
22148:
22146:
22143:
22142:
22140:
22136:
22130:
22127:
22125:
22122:
22120:
22117:
22115:
22112:
22110:
22107:
22105:
22102:
22100:
22097:
22095:
22092:
22090:
22087:
22083:
22080:
22079:
22078:
22075:
22073:
22070:
22068:
22067:Netiv HaAsara
22065:
22064:
22062:
22058:
22055:
22053:
22045:
22042:
22040:
22034:
22028:
22025:
22023:
22020:
22019:
22016:
22012:
22005:
22000:
21998:
21993:
21991:
21986:
21985:
21982:
21972:
21971:
21960:
21954:
21953:
21949:
21947:
21944:
21942:
21939:
21937:
21934:
21930:
21927:
21926:
21925:
21922:
21920:
21917:
21915:
21912:
21910:
21907:
21905:
21902:
21900:
21897:
21895:
21892:
21890:
21887:
21885:
21882:
21880:
21877:
21875:
21872:
21868:
21865:
21864:
21863:
21860:
21859:
21857:
21853:
21847:
21844:
21842:
21839:
21837:
21834:
21832:
21829:
21827:
21824:
21820:
21817:
21816:
21815:
21812:
21808:
21805:
21803:
21800:
21798:
21795:
21793:
21790:
21788:
21785:
21783:
21780:
21779:
21778:
21775:
21774:
21772:
21770:
21766:
21760:
21757:
21755:
21752:
21750:
21747:
21745:
21742:
21740:
21737:
21735:
21732:
21730:
21727:
21725:
21722:
21718:
21715:
21714:
21713:
21710:
21708:
21705:
21703:
21700:
21698:
21695:
21694:
21692:
21688:
21682:
21679:
21677:
21674:
21672:
21669:
21667:
21664:
21662:
21659:
21657:
21654:
21652:
21649:
21647:
21644:
21642:
21639:
21637:
21634:
21632:
21629:
21627:
21624:
21622:
21619:
21617:
21614:
21612:
21609:
21607:
21604:
21603:
21601:
21599:
21595:
21587:
21584:
21583:
21582:
21579:
21577:
21576:2014 Gaza War
21574:
21572:
21569:
21568:
21566:
21564:
21560:
21554:
21551:
21549:
21546:
21544:
21541:
21540:
21538:
21536:
21532:
21526:
21523:
21519:
21516:
21514:
21511:
21509:
21506:
21504:
21501:
21500:
21499:
21496:
21494:
21491:
21489:
21486:
21484:
21481:
21479:
21476:
21474:
21471:
21469:
21466:
21464:
21461:
21459:
21456:
21454:
21451:
21447:
21444:
21442:
21439:
21438:
21437:
21434:
21430:
21427:
21425:
21422:
21420:
21417:
21415:
21412:
21411:
21410:
21407:
21406:
21404:
21402:
21398:
21392:
21389:
21387:
21384:
21382:
21379:
21375:
21372:
21371:
21370:
21367:
21366:
21364:
21362:
21358:
21352:
21349:
21347:
21346:Iran–Iraq war
21344:
21342:
21339:
21338:
21336:
21334:
21330:
21326:
21319:
21314:
21312:
21307:
21305:
21300:
21299:
21296:
21284:
21281:
21279:
21278:Palestine 194
21276:
21274:
21271:
21269:
21266:
21264:
21260:
21257:
21255:
21252:
21251:
21249:
21245:
21238:
21234:
21231:
21229:
21226:
21224:
21221:
21219:
21216:
21215:
21213:
21209:
21201:
21198:
21197:
21196:
21193:
21191:
21188:
21187:
21185:
21181:
21175:
21172:
21171:
21169:
21165:
21159:
21156:
21154:
21151:
21150:
21148:
21144:
21138:
21135:
21133:
21130:
21128:
21125:
21123:
21120:
21118:
21115:
21113:
21110:
21108:
21105:
21103:
21100:
21098:
21095:
21093:
21090:
21088:
21085:
21083:
21080:
21078:
21075:
21073:
21070:
21068:
21065:
21063:
21060:
21058:
21055:
21053:
21050:
21048:
21045:
21043:
21040:
21038:
21035:
21033:
21030:
21028:
21025:
21023:
21020:
21018:
21015:
21013:
21010:
21008:
21005:
21003:
21000:
20998:
20995:
20993:
20990:
20988:
20985:
20983:
20980:
20978:
20975:
20973:
20970:
20969:
20967:
20963:
20957:
20954:
20952:
20949:
20947:
20944:
20942:
20939:
20937:
20934:
20932:
20929:
20927:
20924:
20922:
20919:
20917:
20914:
20912:
20909:
20907:
20904:
20902:
20899:
20897:
20894:
20892:
20889:
20887:
20884:
20882:
20879:
20877:
20874:
20872:
20869:
20867:
20864:
20862:
20859:
20857:
20854:
20852:
20849:
20847:
20844:
20842:
20841:
20837:
20835:
20832:
20830:
20827:
20825:
20822:
20820:
20817:
20815:
20812:
20810:
20807:
20805:
20802:
20800:
20797:
20795:
20792:
20790:
20787:
20785:
20782:
20780:
20777:
20776:
20774:
20770:
20764:
20761:
20759:
20756:
20754:
20753:United States
20751:
20749:
20746:
20744:
20741:
20739:
20736:
20734:
20731:
20729:
20726:
20724:
20721:
20719:
20716:
20714:
20711:
20709:
20706:
20704:
20701:
20699:
20696:
20695:
20693:
20689:
20684:
20674:
20671:
20669:
20666:
20664:
20661:
20659:
20656:
20654:
20651:
20649:
20646:
20644:
20641:
20639:
20636:
20634:
20631:
20629:
20626:
20624:
20621:
20619:
20616:
20614:
20611:
20609:
20606:
20604:
20601:
20599:
20596:
20594:
20591:
20589:
20586:
20585:
20583:
20579:
20575:
20570:
20561:
20556:
20554:
20549:
20547:
20542:
20541:
20538:
20526:
20523:
20521:
20518:
20516:
20513:
20509:
20506:
20504:
20501:
20500:
20498:
20496:
20493:
20491:
20488:
20484:
20481:
20479:
20476:
20475:
20474:
20471:
20469:
20466:
20464:
20461:
20459:
20456:
20454:
20451:
20449:
20446:
20445:
20443:
20439:
20433:
20430:
20428:
20425:
20423:
20420:
20418:
20415:
20411:
20408:
20407:
20406:
20403:
20402:
20400:
20396:
20390:
20387:
20385:
20382:
20380:
20377:
20376:
20374:
20372:Former states
20370:
20364:
20361:
20359:
20356:
20354:
20351:
20349:
20346:
20344:
20341:
20339:
20336:
20334:
20331:
20329:
20326:
20324:
20321:
20319:
20316:
20315:
20313:
20309:
20303:
20300:
20298:
20295:
20293:
20290:
20288:
20285:
20283:
20280:
20278:
20275:
20273:
20270:
20268:
20265:
20263:
20260:
20258:
20255:
20253:
20250:
20248:
20245:
20243:
20240:
20238:
20235:
20233:
20230:
20228:
20225:
20223:
20220:
20218:
20215:
20213:
20210:
20208:
20205:
20203:
20200:
20198:
20195:
20193:
20190:
20188:
20185:
20183:
20180:
20178:
20175:
20173:
20170:
20168:
20165:
20163:
20160:
20158:
20155:
20153:
20150:
20148:
20145:
20143:
20140:
20138:
20135:
20133:
20130:
20129:
20127:
20123:
20117:
20114:
20112:
20109:
20107:
20104:
20102:
20099:
20097:
20094:
20092:
20089:
20087:
20084:
20082:
20079:
20077:
20074:
20072:
20069:
20067:
20064:
20062:
20059:
20057:
20054:
20052:
20051:
20047:
20045:
20042:
20040:
20037:
20035:
20032:
20030:
20027:
20025:
20022:
20020:
20017:
20015:
20012:
20010:
20007:
20005:
20002:
20000:
19997:
19995:
19992:
19990:
19987:
19983:
19980:
19979:
19978:
19975:
19973:
19970:
19968:
19965:
19963:
19960:
19958:
19955:
19953:
19950:
19946:
19943:
19942:
19941:
19938:
19936:
19933:
19931:
19928:
19926:
19923:
19921:
19918:
19916:
19913:
19911:
19908:
19906:
19903:
19902:
19900:
19896:
19890:
19887:
19885:
19882:
19878:
19875:
19874:
19873:
19872:United States
19870:
19868:
19865:
19863:
19860:
19858:
19855:
19853:
19850:
19848:
19845:
19843:
19840:
19838:
19835:
19833:
19830:
19828:
19825:
19823:
19820:
19818:
19815:
19813:
19810:
19808:
19805:
19804:
19802:
19798:
19793:
19783:
19780:
19778:
19775:
19773:
19770:
19768:
19765:
19763:
19760:
19758:
19755:
19753:
19750:
19748:
19745:
19743:
19740:
19738:
19735:
19733:
19730:
19728:
19725:
19723:
19720:
19718:
19715:
19713:
19710:
19708:
19705:
19703:
19700:
19698:
19695:
19693:
19690:
19688:
19685:
19683:
19680:
19678:
19675:
19673:
19670:
19668:
19665:
19663:
19660:
19658:
19655:
19653:
19650:
19648:
19645:
19643:
19640:
19638:
19635:
19633:
19630:
19628:
19625:
19624:
19622:
19618:
19614:
19609:
19600:
19595:
19593:
19588:
19586:
19581:
19580:
19577:
19556:
19553:
19551:
19548:
19547:
19545:
19543:
19542:
19538:
19537:
19532:
19529:
19527:
19524:
19522:
19519:
19517:
19514:
19512:
19506:
19504:
19503:
19499:
19498:
19493:
19490:
19488:
19487:
19483:
19482:
19479:
19472:
19469:
19467:
19464:
19462:
19459:
19458:
19453:
19450:
19449:
19441:
19438:
19437:
19435:
19433:
19430:
19429:
19425:
19424:
19420:
19419:
19414:
19411:
19409:
19406:
19404:
19401:
19399:
19398:
19394:
19393:
19390:
19384:
19381:
19376:
19373:
19371:
19368:
19367:
19365:
19363:
19360:
19358:
19357:
19353:
19352:
19347:
19344:
19342:
19339:
19337:
19334:
19332:
19329:
19327:
19326:
19322:
19321:
19316:
19313:
19311:
19308:
19307:
19304:
19303:
19300:
19297:
19295:
19292:
19290:
19287:
19286:
19281:
19277:
19273:
19266:
19261:
19259:
19254:
19252:
19247:
19246:
19243:
19224:
19220:
19219:
19215:
19214:
19210:
19209:
19204:
19203:
19199:
19198:
19193:
19192:
19188:
19184:
19183:
19178:
19170:
19164:
19161:
19154:
19150:
19146:
19142:
19138:
19134:
19130:
19127:
19124:
19120:
19116:
19115:Peace process
19111:
19107:
19102:
19098:
19097:
19093:
19088:
19087:
19077:
19071:
19068:
19065:
19064:
19060:
19056:
19052:
19048:
19044:
19040:
19035:
19033:
19021:
19020:Law of Return
19017:
19013:
19009:
19006:
19004:
19001:
18998:
18994:
18991:
18989:
18986:
18985:
18983:
18982:
18975:
18972:
18970:
18967:
18965:
18961:
18958:
18957:
18955:
18949:
18946:
18945:
18942:
18941:Modern Israel
18939:
18937:
18934:
18932:
18929:
18928:
18923:
18919:
18915:
18908:
18903:
18901:
18896:
18894:
18889:
18888:
18885:
18869:
18865:
18861:
18858:
18856:
18853:
18851:
18848:
18846:
18843:
18842:
18841:
18837:
18835:
18831:
18830:
18828:
18821:
18815:
18811:
18809:
18805:
18803:
18799:
18797:
18793:
18791:
18787:
18785:
18781:
18777:
18775:
18771:
18767:
18763:
18759:
18757:
18753:
18749:
18747:
18743:
18741:
18737:
18733:
18731:
18727:
18725:
18721:
18719:
18715:
18711:
18709:
18705:
18703:
18699:
18697:
18693:
18691:
18687:
18683:
18681:
18677:
18675:
18671:
18670:
18668:
18664:
18658:
18654:
18652:
18648:
18646:
18642:
18640:
18636:
18634:
18630:
18628:
18623:
18619:
18615:
18611:
18609:
18605:
18601:
18599:
18595:
18591:
18589:
18585:
18581:
18579:
18575:
18571:
18569:
18565:
18563:
18559:
18555:
18553:
18549:
18548:
18546:
18542:
18536:
18532:
18530:
18526:
18524:
18521:1946–47
18520:
18518:
18514:
18512:
18508:
18506:
18502:
18500:
18496:
18494:
18490:
18488:
18484:
18482:
18478:
18476:
18472:
18470:
18466:
18462:
18460:
18456:
18454:
18450:
18448:
18444:
18442:
18438:
18437:
18435:
18431:
18427:
18419:
18414:
18412:
18407:
18405:
18400:
18399:
18396:
18392:
18378:
18374:
18370:
18369:
18364:
18360:
18359:
18358:Breaking Dawn
18354:
18350:
18346:
18342:
18341:
18336:
18332:
18328:
18324:
18320:
18316:
18312:
18308:
18304:
18300:
18296:
18292:
18291:
18286:
18282:
18281:
18276:
18272:
18268:
18264:
18260:
18256:
18252:
18248:
18247:
18242:
18241:
18238:
18234:
18230:
18226:
18222:
18221:
18220:Autumn Clouds
18216:
18212:
18211:
18206:
18202:
18201:
18196:
18192:
18188:
18184:
18180:
18176:
18172:
18171:
18169:
18165:
18157:
18156:
18151:
18147:
18146:
18141:
18137:
18133:
18129:
18125:
18124:
18119:
18115:
18111:
18107:
18103:
18099:
18095:
18091:
18087:
18083:
18082:
18077:
18073:
18069:
18065:
18061:
18057:
18053:
18049:
18048:
18043:
18039:
18035:
18034:
18032:
18028:
18020:
18019:
18014:
18010:
18006:
18002:
18001:
17996:
17992:
17988:
17984:
17980:
17976:
17972:
17968:
17967:
17962:
17958:
17954:
17950:
17946:
17942:
17938:
17934:
17930:
17926:
17925:
17920:
17916:
17912:
17908:
17904:
17900:
17896:
17892:
17888:
17884:
17883:Samu incident
17880:
17879:
17877:
17873:
17865:
17861:
17857:
17853:
17849:
17845:
17842:
17838:
17837:
17835:
17831:
17827:
17820:
17815:
17813:
17808:
17806:
17801:
17800:
17797:
17793:
17783:
17780:
17778:
17775:
17774:
17772:
17770:Former states
17768:
17762:
17759:
17757:
17754:
17753:
17751:
17749:Transnational
17747:
17741:
17738:
17736:
17735:United States
17733:
17731:
17728:
17726:
17723:
17721:
17718:
17716:
17713:
17711:
17708:
17706:
17703:
17701:
17698:
17697:
17695:
17691:
17681:
17678:
17676:
17673:
17671:
17668:
17666:
17663:
17661:
17658:
17656:
17653:
17651:
17650:Holy War Army
17648:
17646:
17643:
17641:
17638:
17636:
17633:
17631:
17628:
17627:
17625:
17621:
17615:
17612:
17610:
17607:
17605:
17602:
17600:
17597:
17595:
17592:
17590:
17587:
17585:
17582:
17580:
17577:
17575:
17572:
17570:
17567:
17565:
17562:
17560:
17557:
17555:
17552:
17550:
17547:
17545:
17542:
17540:
17537:
17535:
17532:
17530:
17527:
17525:
17524:Army of Islam
17522:
17520:
17517:
17515:
17512:
17510:
17507:
17505:
17502:
17500:
17497:
17496:
17494:
17490:
17487:
17485:Organizations
17483:
17477:
17473:
17470:
17468:
17465:
17463:
17460:
17458:
17455:
17453:
17450:
17448:
17444:
17443:Iraqi Kingdom
17441:
17439:
17436:
17434:
17430:
17427:
17425:
17424:All-Palestine
17422:
17421:
17419:
17413:
17406:Organizations
17405:
17402:
17399:
17398:
17392:
17387:
17385:
17380:
17378:
17373:
17372:
17369:
17365:
17361:
17354:
17349:
17347:
17342:
17340:
17335:
17334:
17331:
17315:
17314:Loyalist feud
17312:
17310:
17307:
17306:
17304:
17300:
17292:
17289:
17288:
17287:
17284:
17282:
17279:
17277:
17274:
17272:
17269:
17268:
17266:
17262:
17259:
17255:
17243:
17240:
17238:
17235:
17233:
17230:
17228:
17225:
17223:
17220:
17218:
17215:
17213:
17210:
17209:
17208:
17205:
17201:
17198:
17197:
17196:
17193:
17189:
17186:
17185:
17184:
17181:
17177:
17174:
17172:
17169:
17168:
17167:
17164:
17160:
17157:
17155:
17152:
17150:
17147:
17146:
17145:
17142:
17138:
17135:
17131:
17128:
17127:
17126:
17125:Yemeni crisis
17123:
17121:
17118:
17117:
17116:
17113:
17109:
17106:
17105:
17104:
17103:Iraq conflict
17101:
17099:
17096:
17094:
17091:
17089:
17086:
17085:
17083:
17079:
17073:
17070:
17068:
17065:
17061:
17058:
17056:
17053:
17052:
17051:
17048:
17044:
17041:
17039:
17036:
17034:
17031:
17029:
17026:
17024:
17023:Kalay clashes
17021:
17019:
17016:
17014:
17011:
17010:
17009:
17006:
17005:
17003:
16997:
16989:
16986:
16984:
16981:
16979:
16976:
16974:
16971:
16969:
16966:
16964:
16961:
16960:
16959:
16956:
16955:
16952:
16949:
16947:
16944:
16942:
16939:
16938:
16933:
16930:
16929:
16928:
16925:
16924:
16919:
16916:
16914:
16911:
16910:
16909:
16906:
16905:
16903:
16899:
16893:
16890:
16889:
16887:
16883:
16877:
16874:
16873:
16871:
16867:
16864:
16860:
16850:
16847:
16845:
16842:
16840:
16837:
16835:
16832:
16830:
16827:
16826:
16824:
16820:
16814:
16811:
16809:
16806:
16804:
16801:
16799:
16796:
16794:
16791:
16790:
16788:
16784:
16781:
16777:
16767:
16764:
16760:
16757:
16756:
16755:
16752:
16750:
16747:
16745:
16742:
16738:
16735:
16733:
16730:
16728:
16725:
16723:
16720:
16719:
16718:
16715:
16714:
16712:
16708:
16700:
16697:
16696:
16695:
16692:
16690:
16689:War in Darfur
16687:
16683:
16680:
16679:
16678:
16675:
16673:
16670:
16668:
16667:Libyan Crisis
16665:
16661:
16658:
16656:
16653:
16651:
16648:
16647:
16646:
16643:
16641:
16638:
16637:
16635:
16631:
16623:
16620:
16619:
16618:
16615:
16613:
16610:
16608:
16605:
16601:
16600:War in Amhara
16598:
16596:
16593:
16591:
16588:
16586:
16583:
16582:
16581:
16578:
16576:
16573:
16572:
16570:
16566:
16560:
16557:
16553:
16552:M23 offensive
16550:
16549:
16548:
16547:Kivu conflict
16545:
16541:
16538:
16536:
16533:
16532:
16531:
16528:
16526:
16523:
16521:
16518:
16516:
16513:
16511:
16508:
16506:
16503:
16502:
16500:
16496:
16493:
16489:
16485:
16478:
16473:
16471:
16466:
16464:
16459:
16458:
16455:
16449:
16442:
16426:
16423:
16421:
16418:
16416:
16413:
16411:
16408:
16406:
16403:
16399:
16396:
16394:
16391:
16389:
16386:
16385:
16383:
16381:
16378:
16376:
16373:
16372:
16369:
16362:
16358:
16342:
16338:
16336:
16335:
16330:
16328:
16325:2023–present
16324:
16322:
16318:
16317:
16315:
16313:
16309:
16307:
16303:
16301:
16297:
16295:
16292:
16290:
16287:
16286:
16284:
16280:
16270:
16266:
16264:
16260:
16258:
16255:2010–11
16254:
16253:
16251:
16247:
16241:
16239:
16234:
16232:
16228:
16226:
16222:
16220:
16216:
16214:
16210:
16208:
16204:
16202:
16198:
16196:
16192:
16190:
16186:
16182:
16181:
16179:
16175:
16169:
16165:
16163:
16159:
16157:
16153:
16151:
16147:
16145:
16141:
16139:
16135:
16133:
16129:
16127:
16123:
16121:
16117:
16116:
16114:
16110:
16102:
16099:
16097:
16094:
16093:
16092:
16088:
16086:
16082:
16078:
16075:
16074:
16073:
16069:
16068:
16066:
16062:
16059:
16055:
16051:
16047:Diplomacy/law
16044:
16040:
16022:
16018:
16014:
16012:
16008:
16006:
16002:
16000:
15996:
15992:
15990:
15986:
15982:
15980:
15976:
15974:
15970:
15968:
15964:
15960:
15958:
15954:
15952:
15948:
15946:
15942:
15938:
15936:
15932:
15928:
15924:
15920:
15916:
15915:
15913:
15909:
15906:
15903:
15896:
15886:
15882:
15880:
15876:
15874:
15870:
15868:
15865:
15863:
15859:
15857:
15853:
15851:
15847:
15843:
15841:
15837:
15836:
15834:
15830:
15827:
15819:
15809:
15805:
15801:
15797:
15795:
15791:
15789:
15785:
15781:
15777:
15773:
15772:
15767:
15765:
15764:
15759:
15757:
15753:
15751:
15748:
15744:
15741:
15740:
15739:
15736:
15732:
15729:
15728:
15727:
15724:
15723:
15721:
15717:
15714:
15712:
15708:
15698:
15694:
15690:
15687:
15686:
15685:
15681:
15679:
15675:
15673:
15669:
15667:
15663:
15662:
15660:
15656:
15653:
15651:
15647:
15637:
15633:
15631:
15627:
15625:
15624:Achille Lauro
15620:
15618:
15614:
15612:
15608:
15604:
15601:
15600:
15599:
15595:
15593:
15589:
15587:
15583:
15582:
15580:
15576:
15573:
15569:
15559:
15555:
15553:
15549:
15545:
15543:
15539:
15537:
15533:
15531:
15527:
15523:
15520:
15516:
15512:
15508:
15504:
15502:
15498:
15497:
15495:
15491:
15488:
15485:
15478:
15466:
15462:
15461:
15460:
15456:
15454:
15450:
15448:
15444:
15440:
15436:
15434:
15430:
15426:
15422:
15420:
15416:
15415:
15414:
15410:
15406:
15403:
15402:
15401:
15397:
15396:
15394:
15390:
15387:
15383:
15373:
15369:
15367:
15363:
15361:
15357:
15353:
15350:
15349:
15348:
15344:
15342:
15338:
15334:
15331:
15329:
15326:
15325:
15323:
15322:
15320:
15316:
15313:
15311:
15307:
15303:
15295:
15292:
15291:
15290:
15287:
15286:
15283:
15279:
15265:
15262:
15260:
15257:
15255:
15254:Fathi Shaqaqi
15252:
15250:
15247:
15245:
15244:Salah Shehade
15242:
15240:
15237:
15235:
15232:
15230:
15229:Jibril Rajoub
15227:
15225:
15222:
15220:
15217:
15215:
15212:
15210:
15209:Zuheir Mohsen
15207:
15205:
15204:Khaled Mashal
15202:
15200:
15199:Sheikh Khalil
15197:
15195:
15192:
15190:
15187:
15185:
15182:
15180:
15177:
15175:
15172:
15170:
15167:
15165:
15162:
15160:
15157:
15155:
15152:
15150:
15149:George Habash
15147:
15145:
15144:Mohammed Deif
15142:
15140:
15137:
15135:
15132:
15130:
15127:
15125:
15124:Yasser Arafat
15122:
15120:
15119:Moussa Arafat
15117:
15115:
15114:Mahmoud Abbas
15112:
15110:
15107:
15106:
15104:
15102:
15098:
15092:
15089:
15087:
15084:
15082:
15081:Moshe Ya'alon
15079:
15077:
15074:
15072:
15069:
15067:
15064:
15062:
15059:
15057:
15056:Yitzhak Rabin
15054:
15052:
15049:
15047:
15044:
15042:
15039:
15037:
15034:
15032:
15029:
15027:
15024:
15022:
15019:
15017:
15014:
15012:
15009:
15007:
15006:Efraim Halevy
15004:
15002:
14999:
14997:
14994:
14992:
14989:
14987:
14984:
14982:
14979:
14977:
14974:
14972:
14969:
14967:
14964:
14962:
14959:
14957:
14954:
14952:
14949:
14948:
14946:
14944:
14940:
14936:
14929:
14925:
14911:
14908:
14906:
14903:
14902:
14900:
14896:
14886:
14883:
14881:
14878:
14876:
14873:
14871:
14868:
14866:
14863:
14861:
14858:
14856:
14853:
14851:
14848:
14846:
14843:
14841:
14838:
14836:
14833:
14831:
14828:
14826:
14823:
14822:
14820:
14816:
14810:
14807:
14805:
14802:
14800:
14797:
14795:
14792:
14790:
14787:
14786:
14784:
14780:
14777:
14775:
14771:
14765:
14762:
14760:
14757:
14755:
14754:Israel Police
14752:
14750:
14747:
14746:
14744:
14742:
14738:
14734:
14727:
14723:
14719:
14712:
14707:
14705:
14700:
14698:
14693:
14692:
14689:
14683:
14680:
14678:
14675:
14673:
14670:
14668:
14665:
14663:
14660:
14658:
14655:
14653:
14650:
14648:
14645:
14643:
14640:
14637:
14634:
14630:
14627:
14626:
14625:
14624:
14617:
14614:
14613:
14612:
14611:
14604:
14601:
14598:
14594:
14590:
14587:
14584:
14581:
14578:
14576:
14573:
14571:
14568:
14567:
14566:
14565:
14558:
14555:
14552:
14549:
14547:
14543:
14539:
14536:
14533:
14531:
14528:
14526:
14523:
14522:
14521:
14520:
14514:
14511:
14509:
14506:
14505:
14504:
14503:
14496:
14493:
14490:
14487:
14484:
14481:
14478:
14475:
14473:
14470:
14468:
14465:
14462:
14458:
14454:
14451:
14449:
14445:
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14256:
14255:Penguin Books
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14224:
14223:
14222:The Iron Wall
14218:
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14195:Sela, Avraham
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14118:Morris, Benny
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14090:Morris, Benny
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14040:McKee, Martin
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13334:BBC Jerusalem
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12036:
12035:Chomsky, Noam
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11996:
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11806:
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11801:Vintage Books
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11623:
11621:
11620:raison d'etre
11614:
11608:
11605:. p. 5.
11604:
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11585:
11584:
11583:The Spectator
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11456:
11455:Morris, Benny
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11404:
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11392:
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11366:
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11357:Vintage Books
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10886:9780203867457
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10861:9781351998857
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10763:. Jerusalem.
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9891:Gilead Sher,
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8593:
8589:
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8584:Stone, Julius
8579:
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8350:Roberts, Adam
8345:
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8306:
8301:
8294:
8293:+972 magazine
8291:
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8102:
8096:19 July 2024.
8095:
8092:
8088:
8085:
8082:Aeyal Gross,
8079:
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7271:
7264:
7263:Pressman 2003
7259:
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7231:
7227:
7220:
7213:
7209:
7205:
7201:
7200:Karsh, Efraim
7195:
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7185:
7184:Pressman 2003
7180:
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7056:
7050:
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7037:
7031:
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7022:
7017:
7016:Chomsky, Noam
7011:
7009:
7007:
6999:
6994:
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6858:
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6849:
6841:
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6831:
6827:
6826:
6818:
6816:
6814:
6807:, Chapter 12.
6806:
6801:
6794:
6789:
6782:
6777:
6775:
6766:
6760:
6756:
6755:
6754:Peace Process
6747:
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6009:
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6004:Bloomberg.com
6001:
5995:
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5667:
5662:
5656:
5652:
5648:
5647:
5642:
5641:Chomsky, Noam
5636:
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5612:
5605:
5600:
5594:
5590:
5586:
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5555:
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5416:
5409:
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5397:
5392:
5385:
5380:
5374:
5370:
5366:
5365:
5357:
5350:
5345:
5339:
5335:
5328:
5322:, p. 79.
5321:
5316:
5309:
5304:
5297:
5293:
5289:
5284:
5277:
5273:
5270:
5264:
5262:
5260:
5243:
5239:
5233:
5225:
5219:
5215:
5211:
5204:
5193:
5192:
5185:
5174:
5170:
5166:
5162:
5158:
5154:
5150:
5149:
5141:
5134:
5127:
5123:
5118:
5112:, p. 48.
5111:
5106:
5090:
5086:
5080:
5076:
5072:
5071:
5066:
5065:Morris, Benny
5060:
5052:
5046:
5042:
5038:
5031:
5024:
5019:
5012:
5007:
4988:
4981:
4975:
4973:
4971:
4969:
4961:
4956:
4954:
4952:
4950:
4942:
4940:
4933:
4928:
4921:
4916:
4909:
4905:
4900:
4884:
4880:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4865:
4860:
4859:Gelvin, James
4854:
4848:, p. 60.
4847:
4842:
4835:
4831:
4825:
4821:
4817:
4813:
4809:
4803:
4796:
4791:
4785:
4781:
4780:
4772:
4765:
4760:
4753:
4748:
4742:
4738:
4734:
4733:
4728:
4722:
4715:
4710:
4704:
4700:
4696:
4695:
4687:
4680:
4675:
4667:
4661:
4657:
4653:
4649:
4645:
4639:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4603:
4599:
4595:
4591:
4587:
4583:
4579:
4575:
4571:
4567:
4560:
4544:
4540:
4534:
4530:
4526:
4525:
4520:
4514:
4508:
4503:
4501:
4499:
4490:
4484:
4480:
4479:
4474:
4468:
4461:
4456:
4449:
4444:
4428:
4425:
4421:
4420:
4415:
4408:
4392:
4388:
4382:
4374:
4368:
4365:. p. 1.
4364:
4360:
4359:
4354:
4353:Morris, Benny
4348:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4334:
4318:
4314:
4307:
4301:
4285:
4281:
4277:
4271:
4255:
4251:
4247:
4243:
4237:
4229:
4227:9781108771634
4223:
4220:. p. 6.
4219:
4215:
4208:
4200:
4194:
4191:. p. 2.
4190:
4186:
4179:
4172:
4167:
4161:
4155:
4140:
4136:
4129:
4114:
4107:
4092:
4088:
4082:
4066:
4065:
4060:
4054:
4038:
4034:
4028:
4013:
4012:
4007:
4000:
3992:
3986:
3978:
3974:
3970:
3964:
3962:
3953:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3933:
3924:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3897:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3873:
3869:
3862:
3860:
3852:
3848:
3842:
3834:
3830:
3823:
3815:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3800:
3792:
3784:
3782:9780585388717
3778:
3774:
3770:
3763:
3756:
3746:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3731:
3726:
3725:Brown, Jeremy
3720:
3705:
3701:
3694:
3687:
3682:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3656:
3650:
3646:
3630:
3626:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
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3592:
3590:
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3580:
3577:
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3464:
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3457:
3455:
3445:
3441:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3408:
3405:, during the
3404:
3401:According to
3399:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3369:
3359:
3356:February 2024
3347:
3342:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3327:Gaza genocide
3324:
3320:
3310:
3307:
3302:
3300:
3295:
3293:
3288:
3286:
3276:
3271:
3267:
3257:
3255:
3250:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3202:
3199:
3191:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3157:This section
3155:
3151:
3146:
3145:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3114:
3112:
3103:
3099:
3094:
3085:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3051:
3043:
3041:
3037:
3036:
3031:
3022:
3013:
3009:
3005:
3002:
2996:
2986:
2982:
2973:
2971:
2966:
2963:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2947:
2940:
2939:Ma'ale Adumim
2935:
2929:
2924:
2920:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2886:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2867:
2865:
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2855:
2852:
2847:
2845:
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2833:
2829:
2825:
2820:
2816:
2809:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2777:
2774:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2752:
2747:
2743:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2722:
2719:
2718:Law of Return
2711:
2708:
2703:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2634:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2611:
2609:
2604:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2593:Joseph's Tomb
2589:
2587:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2566:
2557:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2512:
2511:Jerusalem Law
2508:
2507:Supreme Court
2504:
2499:
2497:
2489:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2452:
2449:
2443:
2434:
2430:
2427:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2401:
2398:The PLO have
2381:
2372:
2367:
2363:
2351:
2346:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2331:
2329:
2323:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2292:
2288:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2255:
2252:
2246:
2242:
2237:
2233:
2232:2014 Gaza War
2229:
2225:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2201:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2177:
2175:
2171:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2153:, as well as
2152:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2132:
2127:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2090:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2012:
2010:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1994:In 2018, the
1992:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1952:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1891:Mahmoud Abbas
1888:
1887:Yasser Arafat
1884:
1879:
1877:
1876:Golan Heights
1873:
1869:
1866:. Unlike the
1865:
1864:Riyadh Summit
1861:
1860:Beirut Summit
1857:
1853:
1846:
1840:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1799:
1795:
1792:
1784:
1780:
1779:Mahmoud Abbas
1776:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1732:
1722:
1718:
1716:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1695:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1658:
1657:Yasser Arafat
1654:
1650:
1649:Yitzhak Rabin
1646:
1641:
1631:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1606:Yasser Arafat
1603:
1599:
1598:Yitzhak Rabin
1591:
1587:
1583:
1580:and the word
1579:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1551:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1531:
1520:
1518:
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1479:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1460:
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1453:
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1437:
1432:
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1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1367:
1362:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1318:
1308:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
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1281:
1277:
1268:
1263:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1220:
1210:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1132:
1131:Gulf of Aqaba
1128:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1111:Golan Heights
1108:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1084:
1082:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1051:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1019:
1014:
1009:
999:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
960:
956:
950:
940:
938:
934:
930:
926:
925:bomb Tel Aviv
921:
917:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
883:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
860:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
834:
830:
825:
820:
810:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
775:
772:
768:
767:Second Aliyah
757:
755:
751:
747:
743:
741:
737:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
707:
703:
702:
697:
692:
687:
680:
674:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
605:
603:
599:
596:. Israel has
595:
591:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
531:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
476:
472:
468:
464:
459:
457:
453:
449:
448:permit regime
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
407:
403:
399:
397:
391:
390:2014 Gaza War
385:
381:
375:
369:
363:
359:
353:
347:
343:
337:
333:
330:
329:
324:
320:
316:
304:
300:
289:
281:
270:
267:
257:
254:
244:
243:
241:
239:
238:
226:
225:
220:
206:
202:
200:
196:
195:
193:
190:
184:
181:
180:
178:
175:
174:
164:
161:
155:
151:
150:
148:
145:
144:
137:
132:
131:
124:
121:
118:
115:
114:
111:
108:
107:
100:
97:
94:
93:
90:
87:
86:
82:
79:
78:
74:
70:
64:
60:
54:
49:
46:
41:
36:
33:
29:
22:
25456:Anti-Zionism
25277:Pan-Islamism
25155:
25148:
25141:
25041:Ba'ath Party
24918:Ameen Rihani
24778:Jassem Alwan
24773:Michel Aflaq
24629:Algerian War
24611:
24555:Iraqi Revolt
24365:
24297:Motaz Azaiza
24280:Palestinians
24246:Nimrod Aloni
24158:Ibrahim Aqil
24128:Razi Mousavi
24088:Wael Al Zard
24083:Sufian Tayeh
24023:Fathi Ghaben
24018:Omar Ferwana
24013:Awni El-Dous
23963:Hammam Alloh
23879:Osama Mazini
23807:Yahav Winner
23797:Aner Shapira
23726:Eli Ginsberg
23669:
23646:
23638:
23631:
23499:DNC protests
23380:Islamophobia
23363:Antisemitism
23334:Military aid
22853:Noa Argamani
22843:Ori Megidish
22812:Bibas family
22783:
22751:
22737:
22725:
22205:
22082:Elhanan Team
21963:
21951:
21909:Little Satan
21814:AMAD Project
21534:
21429:AMIA bombing
21273:Legal status
21263:in Palestine
21189:
21174:Soviet Union
21012:East Germany
20916:Saudi Arabia
20838:
20653:South Africa
20593:Burkina Faso
20468:Oslo Accords
20398:Multilateral
20384:Soviet Union
20379:East Germany
20066:Saudi Arabia
20048:
19757:South Africa
19747:Sierra Leone
19539:
19516:Governorates
19500:
19486:Oslo Accords
19484:
19421:
19395:
19356:Palestinians
19354:
19345:
19336:Demographics
19331:Time periods
19323:
19309:
19216:
19206:
19205:
19195:
19194:
19180:
19179:
19128:
19109:
19104:
19100:
19090:
19084:
19037:
19030:
19012:Israeli Jews
18979:
18962: /
18953:
18782: /
18772: /
18768: /
18764: /
18754: /
18738: /
18716: /
18688: /
18680:Oslo Accords
18625: /
18616: /
18606: /
18596: /
18586: /
18576: /
18560: /
18467: /
18367:
18357:
18339:
18289:
18279:
18245:
18219:
18210:Summer Rains
18209:
18199:
18154:
18144:
18134:(1993–2008;
18123:Bramble Bush
18122:
18080:
18046:
18017:
17999:
17965:
17923:
17777:Soviet Union
17467:Saudi Arabia
17188:2015–present
16332:
16237:
16132:Oslo Accords
16019: /
15999:"Black Belt"
15997: /
15987: /
15965: /
15945:"Hot Winter"
15943: /
15933: /
15929: /
15925: /
15921: /
15911:2006–present
15848: /
15832:2006–present
15806: /
15802: /
15786: /
15782: /
15778: /
15774: /
15770:
15762:
15630:"Wooden Leg"
15628: /
15623:
15550: /
15542:Entebbe raid
15528: /
15513: /
15509: /
15445: /
15441: /
15264:Ahmed Yassin
15259:Ahlam Tamimi
15194:Leila Khaled
15189:Salah Khalaf
15179:Ahmed Jibril
15174:Ghazi Jabali
15154:Wadie Haddad
15129:Yahya Ayyash
15101:Palestinians
15071:Ariel Sharon
15046:Shimon Peres
14996:Yuval Diskin
14818:Other groups
14774:Palestinians
14730:Participants
14717:
14622:
14621:
14609:
14608:
14563:
14562:
14518:
14517:
14501:
14500:
14437:
14436:
14420:
14419:
14403:. Retrieved
14388:
14371:. OR Books.
14368:
14348:
14331:. OR Books.
14327:
14302:
14277:
14249:
14221:
14198:
14175:
14150:
14122:
14094:
14057:
14051:
14044:Yusuf, Salim
14015:
13987:
13965:Beacon Press
13959:
13931:
13903:
13894:Bibliography
13880:. Retrieved
13876:the original
13846:
13831:
13824:
13812:. Retrieved
13801:
13792:
13772:
13760:. Retrieved
13749:
13740:
13721:
13709:. Retrieved
13698:
13689:
13677:. Retrieved
13668:
13659:
13647:. Retrieved
13638:
13618:
13611:. Retrieved
13600:
13575:. Retrieved
13558:
13534:. Retrieved
13523:
13514:
13502:. Retrieved
13491:
13482:
13470:. Retrieved
13459:
13450:
13438:. Retrieved
13427:
13418:
13406:. Retrieved
13395:
13386:
13374:. Retrieved
13363:
13354:
13342:. Retrieved
13323:
13311:. Retrieved
13297:
13285:. Retrieved
13266:
13257:
13249:
13245:
13237:
13233:
13221:. Retrieved
13210:
13201:
13189:. Retrieved
13185:the original
13178:
13169:
13157:. Retrieved
13148:The Guardian
13146:
13136:
13124:. Retrieved
13111:The National
13109:
13100:
13087:
13081:
13075:. p. 9.
13068:
13062:
13050:. Retrieved
13041:The National
13039:
13015:. Retrieved
13003:
12991:
12979:. Retrieved
12972:the original
12946:. New York:
12943:
12937:
12925:. Retrieved
12911:
12902:
12896:
12885:, retrieved
12875:
12868:
12856:. Retrieved
12827:. Retrieved
12823:the original
12818:
12809:
12797:. Retrieved
12786:
12777:
12765:. Retrieved
12751:
12739:. Retrieved
12735:the original
12730:
12721:
12709:. Retrieved
12702:the original
12688:
12676:. Retrieved
12665:
12655:
12645:30 September
12643:. Retrieved
12632:
12622:
12615:Khalidi 2020
12610:
12598:. Retrieved
12587:
12578:
12566:. Retrieved
12555:
12546:
12534:. Retrieved
12523:
12514:
12502:. Retrieved
12483:
12471:. Retrieved
12465:
12455:
12446:
12432:
12423:
12414:
12396:
12386:
12374:
12362:
12354:
12335:
12328:
12316:
12304:. Retrieved
12300:the original
12290:
12278:
12266:. Retrieved
12255:
12246:
12222:
12215:
12192:
12182:
12160:
12148:. Retrieved
12144:the original
12115:
12106:
12088:
12078:
12071:Khalidi 2013
12066:
12058:
12039:
12029:
12017:. Retrieved
11998:
11988:
11980:
11961:
11954:
11945:
11926:
11919:
11900:
11891:
11879:. Retrieved
11868:
11858:
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11344:
11322:(2): 29–40.
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9908:Sales, Ben.
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8326:. May 2017.
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8295:23 July 2024
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5095:27 September
5093:. Retrieved
5069:
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5041:I. B. Tauris
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5023:Khalidi 2020
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4573:
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4523:
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4467:
4462:, p. 44
4460:Khalidi 2020
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4187:. New York:
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3709:15 September
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3703:
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3658:
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3419:308 Israelis
3400:
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3251:
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3227:Oslo Accords
3224:
3194:
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3170:Please help
3158:
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3035:The Guardian
3033:
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2928:Hebron Hills
2906:
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2849:In 2004 the
2848:
2836:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2770:
2746:Benny Morris
2739:
2723:
2716:The Israeli
2715:
2710:refugee camp
2677:
2666:
2639:
2605:
2590:
2583:
2570:Western Wall
2538:Temple Mount
2530:Christianity
2519:
2515:
2500:
2493:
2471:Temple Mount
2467:Western Wall
2444:
2440:
2431:
2422:
2412:
2397:
2332:
2324:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:Yoav Gallant
2283:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2205:
2167:
2136:
2087:
2048:
1993:
1984:
1972:
1954:
1926:Ariel Sharon
1923:
1895:Barack Obama
1880:
1851:
1842:
1822:
1804:
1788:
1775:Ariel Sharon
1749:Ariel Sharon
1734:
1719:
1711:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1653:Bill Clinton
1620:
1595:
1581:
1560:Oslo Accords
1535:
1526:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1488:
1480:
1476:
1436:spilled over
1433:
1371:
1348:". In 2014,
1342:
1334:
1314:
1273:
1230:Oslo Accords
1222:
1207:
1185:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1135:
1124:
1053:
1023:
980:Hasan Salama
952:
916:World War II
912:
899:Jewish State
898:
861:
838:
789:and in 1921
787:in Jerusalem
776:
763:
744:
740:Benny Morris
723:antisemitism
715:Jewish state
711:
700:
694:Palestinian
613:1967 borders
606:
545:of the war,
532:
490:. Following
460:
415:
413:
339:
287:
227:
222:Belligerents
156:(until 1959)
43:Part of the
32:
24971:Arab Ba'ath
24893:Salah Jadid
24750:Arabization
24597:Six-Day War
24592:Suez Crisis
24538:Arab Revolt
24517:Pan-Arabism
24391:Hind's Hall
24384:Harbu Darbu
24261:Yagel Oshri
24168:Journalists
24033:Medo Halimy
23978:Ahmad Bahar
23894:Ali Al Qadi
23884:Ayman Nofal
23869:Marwan Issa
23772:Lior Asulin
23751:Izhar Peled
23736:Asaf Hamami
23440:Sciences Po
23132:Evacuations
22902:Alex Dancyg
22876:Rachel Edry
22353:Al-Fakhoora
22234:Beit Hanoun
22109:Nir Yitzhak
21946:Prisoner X2
21218:Arab League
21158:New Zealand
21127:Switzerland
21082:Netherlands
20921:South Korea
20906:Philippines
20891:North Korea
20779:Afghanistan
20728:El Salvador
20410:Arab League
20343:New Zealand
20292:Switzerland
20242:Netherlands
20076:South Korea
20056:Philippines
20034:North Korea
19905:Afghanistan
19762:South Sudan
18730:Taba Summit
18499:White Paper
18379:(2023–2024)
18309:(2015–2016)
18257:(2008–2009)
18249:(2007–2008)
18229:Lebanon War
18177:(2000–2005)
18092:(1987–1993)
18056:Lebanon War
17969:(1972–1979)
17917:(1968–1982)
17901:(1967–1970)
17891:Six-Day War
17864:Suez Crisis
17858:(1949–1956)
17850:(1948–1949)
17720:North Korea
17514:Arab League
17403:Authorities
16515:Cabinda War
16238:Aftonbladet
16195:Taba Summit
15995:May clashes
15900:Gaza–Israel
15682:1990s
15598:Lebanon War
15517:(1973
15482:Palestinian
15453:Six-Day War
15360:Arab revolt
15341:Jaffa riots
15086:Danny Yatom
15051:Yaakov Peri
15041:Ehud Olmert
15026:Shaul Mofaz
15016:Tzipi Livni
15001:Benny Gantz
14991:Avi Dichter
14986:Moshe Dayan
14951:Moshe Arens
14932:Individuals
14905:Arab League
14623:Other sites
14557:Gush-Shalom
14245:Shlaim, Avi
14217:Shlaim, Avi
14146:Pappé, Ilan
13313:15 November
12927:15 November
12829:25 February
12767:25 November
12711:29 November
12504:15 November
12379:Baconi 2018
12367:Shlaim 2015
12283:Baconi 2018
12120:Slater 2020
12045:Pluto Press
11803:. pp.
11513:Pappé, Ilan
11359:. pp.
11282:(4): 3–26.
11236:Slater 2020
11212:Slater 2020
11136:20 November
11110:12 November
10622:13 February
10612:News Basics
10506:Baconi 2018
10430:particular.
10344:Basic Books
10251:The Forward
9877:29 November
9847:14 November
9613:1 September
9003:Baconi 2018
8560:. Haaretz.
7404:Slater 2020
7297:5 September
7208:Grove Press
7099:Verso Books
7026:Pluto Press
6998:Watson 2020
6986:Watson 2020
6880:Slater 2020
6805:Shlaim 2001
6793:Slater 2020
6719:Shlaim 2015
6707:Shlaim 2015
6695:Shlaim 2015
6616:Baconi 2018
6517:18 December
6485:18 December
6452:18 December
6195:15 December
6163:18 December
5713:Slater 2020
5651:Pluto Press
5628:Morris 1999
5616:Shlaim 2001
5476:Verso Books
5456:Morris 1999
5444:Shlaim 2015
5408:Morris 1999
5396:Slater 2020
5320:Morris 2008
5308:Morris 2008
5288:Morris 2008
5267:Baum, Noa.
5122:Shlaim 2001
5110:Morris 2004
4904:Shlaim 2001
4846:Morris 2004
4820:Verso Books
4764:Slater 2020
4507:Morris 1999
4473:Pappé, Ilan
4422:. Chicago:
4260:17 December
3686:Morris 2004
3671:11 November
3604:Pan-Arabism
3306:Avi Mizrahi
3080:during the
2970:Max Gaylard
2941:, West Bank
2767:in May 2019
2642:Six-Day War
2586:holy places
2576:(left) and
2133:, West Bank
2079:reparations
2057:(including
1998:passed the
1930:Ehud Olmert
1872:Six Day War
1741:Taba, Egypt
1737:Taba Summit
1731:Taba Summit
1543:Dennis Ross
1374:2021 crisis
1364:Map of the
1350:another war
1228:led to the
1093:Six-Day War
1081:Arab League
1064:Suez Crisis
1050:Suez Crisis
964:Arab League
633:laws of war
590:settlements
567:Six Day War
522:adopting a
514:. In 1936,
500:World War I
469:arrival of
346:Six-Day War
255:(1948–1959)
171:Since 1967:
133:Territorial
25365:Categories
25135:Literature
24828:Tariq Aziz
24745:Arab world
24740:Arab Union
24669:Dhofar War
24378:Gaza Daily
24302:Bisan Owda
24271:Amir Tibon
24256:Eitan Okun
24153:Fuad Shukr
24063:Hind Rajab
23792:Shani Louk
23689:Casualties
23601:UN inquiry
23587:S/RES/2735
23577:S/RES/2728
23572:S/RES/2720
23562:S/RES/2712
23461:Indonesia
23220:War crimes
22822:Naama Levy
22518:Khan Yunis
22398:Attacks on
22383:Al-Tabaeen
22300:Al-Maghazi
22281:31 October
22266:Attacks on
22254:Background
22244:Khan Yunis
21333:Background
21072:Montenegro
21062:Luxembourg
20876:Kyrgyzstan
20871:Kazakhstan
20794:Bangladesh
20789:Azerbaijan
20525:Legitimacy
20405:Arab world
20389:Yugoslavia
20333:Micronesia
20272:San Marino
20227:Luxembourg
19999:Kazakhstan
19952:East Timor
19925:Bangladesh
19915:Azerbaijan
19752:Somaliland
19742:Seychelles
19707:Mauritania
19452:Gaza Strip
19413:Green Line
19208:Gaza Strip
19177:Green Line
18960:Prehistory
18866:2022
18838:2020
18832:2019
18812:2016
18806:2013
18800:2010
18794:2007
18788:2006
18778:2006
18760:2005
18750:2004
18744:2003
18734:2002
18728:2001
18722:2000
18712:2000
18706:1999
18700:1998
18694:1995
18684:1994
18678:1993
18672:1991
18655:1983
18649:1982
18637:1981
18631:1980
18612:1979
18602:1978
18592:1974
18582:1973
18572:1967
18566:1950
18556:1949
18550:1948
18533:1948
18527:1947
18517:Bevin Plan
18515:1947
18509:1946
18503:1939
18497:1939
18491:1937
18485:1922
18479:1920
18473:1919
18463:1918
18457:1917
18451:1916
18445:1915
18439:1914
18433:Background
18340:Black Belt
18246:Hot Winter
18106:Tunis raid
18081:Wooden Leg
17438:Hamas Gaza
16384:Criticism
16339:2023–2024
16316:ICJ cases
16310:1967
16304:1948
16298:1947
16261:2011
16235:2009
16229:2007
16223:2006
16217:2005
16211:2005
16205:2003
16199:2002
16193:2001
16183:2000
16166:1999
16160:1998
16154:1997
16142:1994
16136:1994
16124:1991
16083:1949
16070:1948
16015:2023
16009:2022
16003:2021
15993:2019
15983:2018
15977:2015
15971:2014
15961:2012
15955:2010
15939:2008
15917:2006
15883:2022
15877:2021
15871:2017
15860:2010
15854:2009
15844:2008
15838:2006
15798:2004
15792:2003
15768:2002
15760:2001
15754:2000
15695:1994
15676:1990
15670:1989
15666:Tunis raid
15664:1988
15634:1987
15621:1985
15615:1984
15609:1983
15596:1982
15590:1975
15584:1973
15556:1980
15546:1978
15540:1976
15534:1975
15524:1974
15505:1972
15499:1970
15484:insurgency
15463:1968
15451:1967
15443:Khan Yunis
15439:Kafr Qasim
15437:1956
15431:1953
15398:1948
15345:1929
15339:1921
15310:Background
15021:Golda Meir
15011:Dan Halutz
14981:Meir Dagan
14961:Ehud Barak
14956:Ami Ayalon
14845:Lions' Den
14782:Principals
14586:True Peace
14053:The Lancet
13882:2 February
13613:12 October
13577:12 October
13071:. Durham:
12858:22 January
12678:18 October
12492:(Report).
11733:19 October
11707:19 October
11397:. p.
11153:"Refugees"
10944:29 October
10901:Gold, Dore
10771:7 December
10738:7 December
10407:"Appendix"
9809:. London.
9506:18 October
9495:Al Jazeera
9474:18 October
9339:4 November
9237:9 November
9207:9 November
9175:9 November
9164:Al Jazeera
9115:Bashi 2017
9095:Al Jazeera
9078:Gross 2017
8903:9 November
8872:9 November
8841:9 November
8810:9 November
8780:9 November
8770:Al-Jazeera
8750:9 November
8660:13 October
8465:(3): 548.
8162:8 December
8147:(Report).
7721:3 December
7622:3 December
7611:Al Jazeera
7590:3 December
7579:Al Jazeera
7558:3 December
7466:3 December
7094:Politicide
6734:Pappé 2022
6420:27 January
6394:26 January
6342:26 January
6274:6 February
6247:2 November
6184:Al Jazeera
6046:2 December
6014:24 October
5875:. p.
5471:Politicide
5420:Pappé 2022
5212:. London:
4889:9 November
4679:Pappé 2022
4628:14 January
4519:Totten, S.
4313:World Bank
3642:References
3533:Allon Plan
3317:See also:
3313:Fatalities
3297:Since the
3264:See also:
3059:Air France
3040:World Bank
2993:See also:
2917:Green Line
2784:See also:
2662:Gaza Strip
2618:See also:
2465:See also:
2419:Incitement
2262:See also:
2222:See also:
2212:war crimes
2143:Articles 2
2063:Gaza Strip
2061:) and the
2019:See also:
1911:Gaza Strip
1769:President
1627:Ehud Barak
1419:Israel of
1381:government
1238:Gaza Strip
1107:Gaza Strip
1076:Gaza Strip
903:Haifa Port
625:occupation
611:along the
551:Gaza Strip
454:, and the
436:Gaza Strip
406:The Lancet
340:More than
319:Gaza Strip
141:1948–1967:
25355:Palestine
25168:Symbolism
24512:Nasserism
24507:Ba'athism
24398:Hurricane
24191:Roee Edan
24106:Spillover
23936:Civilians
23915:militants
23820:Palestine
23765:Civilians
23530:Pakistan
23259:Reactions
23196:Pallywood
22979:Knowledge
22934:Ceasefire
22886:Mia Schem
22239:Gaza City
22050:attack on
22048:Hamas-led
21374:reactions
21153:Australia
20926:Sri Lanka
20824:Indonesia
20763:Venezuela
20698:Argentina
20508:in Israel
20503:of Israel
20441:Diplomacy
20318:Australia
20222:Lithuania
20081:Sri Lanka
20071:Singapore
20050:Palestine
19967:Indonesia
19945:Hong Kong
19889:Venezuela
19807:Argentina
19712:Mauritius
19432:West Bank
19197:West Bank
19149:Austerity
19133:Kibbutzim
18666:1991–2016
18645:Fahd Plan
18544:1948–1983
18167:2000–2021
18030:1980–1999
17875:1960–1979
17833:1947–1959
17609:as-Sa'iqa
17549:Hezbollah
17499:Abu Nidal
17400:Countries
17055:Communist
16120:Fahd Plan
16064:1948–1991
15824:campaigns
15800:"Rainbow"
15763:Santorini
15719:2000–2005
15658:1987–1991
15626:hijacking
15578:1973–1987
15515:"Bayonet"
15493:1968–1982
15405:massacres
15392:1948–1970
15372:Civil War
15318:1920–1948
15219:Abu Nidal
15184:Abu Jihad
15109:Abu Abbas
15091:Zvi Zamir
14910:Hezbollah
14446:from the
14074:0140-6736
13803:Ynet News
13277:0882-7729
12799:2 January
12306:5 October
12009:0362-4331
11881:7 January
11780:147111254
11586:. London.
11090:Routledge
11063:Sela 2002
11009:929622466
10965:Frontline
10797:23 August
10654:Sela 2002
10283:Ynet News
9773:Ynet News
9707:Ynet News
9687:794273633
9646:31 August
9528:Ynet News
9307:2 January
9144:Cited in
8524:pcpsr.org
8397:145514740
8381:0002-9300
8334:4 January
8305:Sela 2002
7972:1 October
7835:Ynet News
7742:Ynet News
7238:0028-7504
6309:5 January
6130:24 August
5907:USA Today
5837:0362-4331
5214:Routledge
5169:0013-8266
4960:Sela 2002
4932:Sela 2002
4861:(2014) .
4737:Zed Books
4618:154107901
4602:0377-919X
4594:1533-8614
4580:: 23–42.
4397:22 August
4144:3 January
4118:5 January
4096:4 January
4043:5 January
4017:5 January
3942:Routledge
3932:intifadas
3888:220910633
3609:Peace Now
3473:land mine
3430:West Bank
3239:Wye River
3159:does not
3102:Gaza City
2804:Egged bus
2658:West Bank
2572:with the
2116:West Bank
2055:West Bank
2009:Basic Law
1945:Apartheid
1707:Bethlehem
1459:blockaded
1444:Hezbollah
1440:West Bank
1413:displaced
1378:far-right
1337:Cast Lead
1234:West Bank
1103:West Bank
1034:West Bank
719:Palestine
657:five wars
649:West Bank
555:West Bank
528:civil war
488:Palestine
303:West Bank
25310:Category
25252:Islamism
24961:Al-Fatat
24728:Concepts
24495:Ideology
24446:Category
24239:Israelis
23746:Roi Levy
23435:Columbia
23422:Protests
22895:Deceased
22869:Released
22771:Hostages
22575:theaters
22388:Al-Jawni
22363:Al-Sardi
22288:Al-Shati
22224:invasion
22114:Nahal Oz
22099:Kissufim
22094:Kfar Aza
22022:Timeline
21941:Quds Day
21183:Disputes
21112:Slovakia
21092:Portugal
21037:Holy See
20997:Bulgaria
20936:Thailand
20901:Pakistan
20886:Maldives
20881:Malaysia
20738:Honduras
20691:Americas
20673:Zimbabwe
20663:Tanzania
20613:Ethiopia
20603:Djibouti
20192:Holy See
20096:Thailand
20044:Pakistan
20019:Maldives
20014:Malaysia
19935:Cambodia
19877:military
19862:Paraguay
19837:Colombia
19812:Barbados
19800:Americas
19782:Zimbabwe
19672:Ethiopia
19642:Cameroon
19637:Botswana
19502:Politics
19440:Enclaves
19375:Diaspora
19370:Refugees
19274:and the
19187:Timeline
19137:Moshavim
19101:Politics
19047:timeline
18916:and the
18740:Road map
18299:Gaza War
18255:Gaza War
17433:Republic
17060:Drug war
16779:Americas
16754:Mali War
16365:Analysis
16207:Road Map
16057:Timeline
15951:Gaza War
15902:conflict
15771:Karine A
15289:Timeline
14943:Israelis
14830:Children
14741:Israelis
14589:Archived
14538:Archived
14405:6 August
14275:(2020).
14247:(2015).
14219:(2001).
14148:(2022).
14120:(2004).
14092:(1999).
14082:38976995
14013:(2024).
13985:(2020).
13957:(2013).
13929:(2007).
13808:Archived
13781:Archived
13756:Archived
13729:Archived
13705:Archived
13700:B'Tselem
13673:Archived
13643:Archived
13607:Archived
13602:ABC News
13571:Archived
13530:Archived
13498:Archived
13466:Archived
13434:Archived
13402:Archived
13370:Archived
13344:30 April
13338:Archived
13307:Archived
13281:Archived
13217:Archived
13159:30 April
13153:Archived
13126:14 April
13120:Archived
13052:13 April
13046:Archived
13017:28 April
13008:Archived
12981:24 April
12921:Archived
12887:23 April
12881:archived
12852:Archived
12819:Aquastat
12815:"Israel"
12793:Archived
12788:BBC News
12761:Archived
12672:Archived
12639:Archived
12594:Archived
12589:BBC News
12562:Archived
12557:BBC News
12530:Archived
12525:BBC News
12498:Archived
12473:30 March
12262:Archived
12257:BBC News
12168:Archived
12150:10 April
12037:(1999).
12013:Archived
11899:(2012).
11875:Archived
11848:5 August
11515:(2007).
11487:(2009).
11469:14 March
11425:(2005).
11387:(1992).
11253:Archived
11179:Archived
11104:Archived
11082:(2011).
11037:Archived
10974:Archived
10938:Archived
10903:(2007).
10765:Archived
10732:Archived
10700:Archived
10405:(2018).
10288:Archived
10256:Archived
10224:Archived
10191:Archived
10165:28 March
10159:Archived
10102:Archived
10071:Archived
10039:Archived
10012:Archived
9988:Archived
9920:Archived
9871:Archived
9841:Archived
9811:Archived
9778:Archived
9745:Archived
9712:Archived
9640:Archived
9585:Roy 2016
9533:Archived
9500:Archived
9468:Archived
9432:Archived
9401:Archived
9333:Archived
9301:Archived
9284:Roy 2016
9263:Archived
9231:Archived
9201:Archived
9169:Archived
9146:Roy 2016
9066:Roy 2016
9049:Roy 2013
9034:Roy 2024
9015:Roy 2016
8991:Roy 2016
8961:Archived
8929:Archived
8897:Archived
8866:Archived
8835:Archived
8804:Archived
8774:Archived
8744:Archived
8714:Archived
8684:Archived
8562:Archived
8538:2 August
8532:Archived
8453:(2006).
8352:(1990).
8328:Archived
8286:Archived
8263:Archived
8239:Archived
8153:Archived
8128:Archived
8087:Archived
8062:Archived
8030:Archived
7998:Archived
7939:17 April
7933:Archived
7928:BBC News
7901:Archived
7779:Archived
7747:Archived
7715:Archived
7663:Archived
7616:Archived
7584:Archived
7552:Archived
7519:Archived
7460:Archived
7427:Archived
7384:57564925
7370:(2): 6.
7291:Archived
7242:Archived
7202:(2003).
7091:(2003).
7057:(2018).
7018:(1999).
6599:BBC News
6579:NBC News
6559:BBC News
6511:Archived
6479:Archived
6446:Archived
6388:Archived
6336:Archived
6316:ALT Link
6303:Archived
6241:Archived
6189:Archived
6157:Archived
6124:Archived
6105:BBC News
6040:Archived
6008:Archived
5978:Archived
5954:14 March
5916:Archived
5865:(2007).
5841:Archived
5800:Archived
5768:Archived
5738:Archived
5643:(1999).
5272:Archived
5089:Archived
5067:(2009).
4996:14 March
4883:Archived
4810:(2016).
4729:(2012).
4646:(2012).
4622:Archived
4549:31 March
4543:Archived
4521:(2017).
4475:(2007).
4427:Archived
4391:Archived
4355:(2008).
4326:29 March
4290:13 March
4254:Archived
4250:BBC News
4091:B'Tselem
3973:B'Tselem
3737:, 2012.
3727:(2003).
3665:Archived
3496:See also
3486:Gaza War
3403:B'tselem
2913:aquifers
2705:Home in
2660:and the
2552:and the
2413:de facto
2067:June War
1899:Islamist
1572:poster:
1434:The war
1421:genocide
1397:hostages
1282:and the
1113:and the
957:adopted
791:in Jaffa
701:Falastin
553:and the
119:(halted)
88:Location
25451:Zionism
25329:Portals
24956:Al-Awda
24531:History
24427:Rajieen
24230:Related
23451:France
23230:Israeli
23092:Effects
22925:General
22831:Rescued
22805:Captive
22752:Sounion
22559:Torture
22373:Khadija
22368:Al-Awda
22276:Jabalia
22226:of Gaza
22222:Israeli
22138:Battles
22037:Engage-
22027:Outline
21855:Related
21831:Stuxnet
21146:Oceania
21132:Ukraine
21097:Romania
21052:Ireland
21047:Iceland
21042:Hungary
21027:Germany
21017:Finland
21007:Denmark
20987:Belgium
20982:Belarus
20977:Austria
20972:Albania
20951:Vietnam
20866:Lebanon
20814:Georgia
20799:Bahrain
20784:Armenia
20758:Uruguay
20733:Ecuador
20703:Bolivia
20668:Tunisia
20648:Somalia
20638:Nigeria
20633:Namibia
20628:Morocco
20598:Comoros
20588:Algeria
20495:Morocco
20483:Bahrain
20311:Oceania
20297:Ukraine
20262:Romania
20207:Ireland
20202:Iceland
20197:Hungary
20182:Germany
20172:Finland
20167:Denmark
20152:Croatia
20147:Belgium
20142:Belarus
20137:Austria
20132:Albania
20111:Vietnam
20024:Myanmar
20009:Lebanon
19957:Georgia
19920:Bahrain
19910:Armenia
19884:Uruguay
19817:Bolivia
19772:Tunisia
19732:Nigeria
19722:Namibia
19717:Morocco
19692:Liberia
19667:Eritrea
19627:Algeria
19508:Cities
19403:History
19362:Culture
19325:History
19086:History
19043:history
19039:Zionism
19034:to 1948
19032:History
18997:leaders
18954:History
18914:Zionism
18825:present
18724:Isratin
18239:(2006–)
18185:(2001–)
18000:Entebbe
17966:Bayonet
17715:Morocco
17670:Palmach
17645:Haganah
17599:PFLP-GC
16885:Central
16498:Central
14870:PFLP-GC
13814:5 March
13762:5 March
13711:5 March
13679:5 March
13649:5 March
13561:OCHAoPt
13536:5 March
13504:5 March
13472:5 March
13440:5 March
13408:5 March
13376:5 March
13287:5 March
13223:5 March
13191:5 March
12741:5 March
12667:Haaretz
12600:5 March
12568:5 March
12536:5 March
12467:Haaretz
12393:"Notes"
12268:5 March
12019:5 March
11870:Haaretz
11805:252–258
11772:2200460
11574:2537599
11361:252–258
11336:2537217
11296:2536718
11259:5 March
11185:5 March
11171:"UNRWA"
11043:5 March
10980:5 March
10830:7 April
10294:17 June
10219:Haaretz
9994:13 July
9926:5 March
9867:Reuters
9751:24 June
9635:Haaretz
9570:21 June
9539:21 June
9438:5 March
9427:Haaretz
9269:5 March
8967:5 March
8935:5 March
8924:Reuters
8800:Haaretz
8720:9 March
8690:9 March
8389:2203016
8270:Unispal
8245:14 July
8094:Haaretz
8057:Haaretz
7807:Haaretz
7785:24 June
7753:5 March
7710:Haaretz
7644:Haaretz
7547:Haaretz
7433:5 March
7248:5 March
6414:Reuters
6268:UN OCHA
6216:Reuters
6152:Reuters
6035:AP News
5984:5 March
5922:5 March
5847:5 March
5806:5 March
4939:Zionism
4139:Reuters
3459:During
3411:OCHAoPt
3372:Israeli
3346:updated
3235:Oslo II
3180:removed
3165:sources
3116:In the
2949:In the
2684:Haganah
2650:Lebanon
2526:Judaism
2503:Knesset
2111:in the
2081:to the
1996:Knesset
1909:of the
1885:led by
1858:at the
1791:Quartet
1604:led by
1574:Israeli
1456:Houthis
1452:clashes
1448:Lebanon
1423:at the
1417:accused
1387:, when
1125:In the
984:Haganah
895:Haganah
795:Haganah
706:Zionism
667:History
587:illegal
496:Ottoman
463:Zionism
135:changes
112:Ongoing
25343:Israel
24322:topics
24232:people
23697:Israel
23662:Courts
23472:Israel
23164:Famine
22927:topics
22378:Hamama
22196:Denial
22150:Sderot
22104:Nir Oz
22077:Be'eri
22072:Alumim
22052:Israel
21952:Tehran
21167:Former
21122:Sweden
21107:Serbia
21102:Russia
21087:Poland
21077:Norway
21032:Greece
21022:France
21002:Cyprus
20965:Europe
20941:Turkey
20861:Kuwait
20856:Jordan
20840:Israel
20804:Brunei
20743:Mexico
20713:Canada
20708:Brazil
20581:Africa
20463:Jordan
20287:Sweden
20277:Serbia
20267:Russia
20257:Poland
20252:Norway
20237:Monaco
20217:Kosovo
20187:Greece
20177:France
20157:Cyprus
20125:Europe
20101:Turkey
20091:Taiwan
20004:Kuwait
19994:Jordan
19930:Bhutan
19857:Panama
19852:Mexico
19827:Canada
19822:Brazil
19777:Uganda
19737:Rwanda
19702:Malawi
19682:Guinea
19632:Angola
19620:Africa
19051:Aliyah
18371:(2023)
18361:(2022)
18351:(2021)
18343:(2019)
18333:(2019)
18325:(2018)
18317:(2018)
18301:(2014)
18293:(2012)
18283:(2012)
18273:(2011)
18265:(2010)
18231:(2006)
18223:(2006)
18213:(2006)
18203:(2006)
18193:(2003)
18158:(1996)
18148:(1993)
18126:(1992)
18116:(1991)
18108:(1988)
18100:(1988)
18084:(1985)
18074:(1985)
18066:(1984)
18058:(1982)
18050:(1981)
18040:(1980)
18021:(1978)
18018:Litani
18011:(1978)
18003:(1976)
17993:(1975)
17985:(1974)
17977:(1973)
17959:(1972)
17951:(1972)
17943:(1972)
17935:(1973)
17927:(1968)
17909:(1968)
17893:(1967)
17885:(1966)
17866:(1956)
17705:Kuwait
17700:France
17623:Former
17554:Kataeb
17492:Active
17457:Jordan
17452:Israel
17257:Europe
16999:South-
16491:Africa
15571:
15385:
14759:Mossad
14461:Sderot
14396:
14375:
14356:
14335:
14328:Deluge
14314:
14289:
14261:
14233:
14205:
14183:
14162:
14134:
14106:
14080:
14072:
14027:
13999:
13971:
13943:
13915:
13839:
13275:
12439:
12407:
12347:
12234:
12203:
12099:
12051:
12007:
11973:
11938:
11907:
11811:
11778:
11770:
11675:
11642:
11609:
11572:
11529:
11495:
11437:
11405:
11367:
11334:
11294:
11096:
11007:
10930:
10883:
10858:
10676:
10586:
10553:
10528:
10489:
10457:
10451:Deluge
10421:
10381:
10350:
10317:
10262:14 May
10230:14 May
10197:14 May
10133:
9685:
9675:
8625:
8594:
8498:
8430:
8395:
8387:
8379:
8213:
8036:30 May
7525:3 June
7492:3 June
7382:
7326:
7289:(13).
7236:
7139:
7105:
7071:
7032:
6969:
6908:
6863:
6836:
6761:
6678:
6638:
5883:
5835:
5774:5 June
5744:30 May
5692:
5657:
5595:
5560:
5525:
5482:
5375:
5340:
5334:Deluge
5248:28 May
5220:
5167:
5081:
5047:
4875:
4826:
4786:
4743:
4705:
4662:
4616:
4608:
4600:
4592:
4535:
4485:
4433:28 May
4369:
4224:
4195:
4071:16 May
3948:
3886:
3853:(2019)
3810:
3779:
3741:
3438:Israel
3325:, and
3231:Area C
3215:Area C
3001:Israel
2901:, and
2792:, and
2765:Beirut
2707:Balata
2656:, the
2646:Jordan
2626:, and
2597:mihrab
2532:, and
2473:, and
2391:
2385:
2378:
2376:
2339:Ashdod
2270:, and
2234:, and
2131:Hebron
2045:, 2011
2043:Bil'in
2031:, and
2004:Adalah
1845:Arabic
1655:, and
1590:Hebrew
1586:Arabic
1399:. The
1248:by an
1109:, the
1105:, the
933:Yishuv
909:, 1947
855:, and
851:, the
803:Hebron
771:Yishuv
563:Jordan
547:Israel
438:, the
277:
237:Israel
234:
207:(1995)
185:(2005)
109:Status
95:Israel
25056:Fatah
24320:Other
23913:Other
23827:Hamas
23225:Hamas
23078:Women
22974:Women
22939:COGAT
22573:Other
22249:Rafah
22160:Zikim
22145:Re'im
22119:Nirim
22089:Holit
22039:ments
21117:Spain
21067:Malta
21057:Italy
20956:Yemen
20931:Syria
20911:Qatar
20851:Japan
20819:India
20809:China
20718:Chile
20658:Sudan
20623:Libya
20618:Kenya
20608:Egypt
20490:Sudan
20458:Egypt
20363:Tonga
20358:Samoa
20348:Palau
20338:Nauru
20282:Spain
20232:Malta
20212:Italy
20116:Yemen
20086:Syria
20061:Qatar
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