Jack the Ripper - Knowledge

1715: 1581: 1479: 1831: 639: 367: 986: 49: 752: 1296: 1171: 1209:. They patrolled the streets looking for suspicious characters, partly because of dissatisfaction with the failure of police to apprehend the perpetrator, and also because some members were concerned that the murders were affecting businesses in the area. The Committee petitioned the government to raise a reward for information leading to the arrest of the killer, offered their own reward of £50 (the equivalent of between £5,900 and £86,000 in 2021) for information leading to his capture, and hired private detectives to question witnesses independently. 1471:) ears off" gained attention. Eddowes's ear appears to have been nicked by the killer incidentally during his attack, and the letter writer's threat to send the ears to the police was never carried out. The name "Jack the Ripper" was first used in this letter by the signatory and gained worldwide notoriety after its publication. Most of the letters that followed copied this letter's tone, with some authors adopting pseudonyms such as "George of the High Rip Gang" and "Jack Sheridan, the Ripper." Some sources claim that another letter dated 255: 7837: 6764: 490:, and the closeness of the location and date to the later canonical Ripper murders led police to link this murder to those later committed by Jack the Ripper. However, this murder differs from the later canonical murders because although Tabram had been repeatedly stabbed, she had not suffered any slash wounds to her throat or abdomen. Many experts do not connect Tabram's murder with the later murders because of this difference in the wound pattern. 881: 1082:. A large team of policemen conducted house-to-house inquiries throughout Whitechapel. Forensic material was collected and examined. Suspects were identified, traced, and either examined more closely or eliminated from the inquiry. Modern police work follows the same pattern. More than 2,000 people were interviewed, "upwards of 300" people were investigated, and 80 people were detained. Following the murders of Stride and Eddowes, the 6319: 1845: 1159:, indicates that the alibis of local butchers and slaughterers were investigated, with the result that they were eliminated from the inquiry. A report from Inspector Swanson to the Home Office confirms that 76 butchers and slaughterers were visited, and that the inquiry encompassed all their employees for the previous six months. Some contemporaneous figures, including 1047:. Her body was found with a large tear through her groin area and superficial cuts on her legs and back. No organs were removed from the scene, though an ovary was found upon the bed, either purposely removed or unintentionally dislodged. At the time, the murder was compared to those in Whitechapel, though the Metropolitan Police eventually ruled out any connection. 1021:. Gill had been missing since 27 December. His legs had been severed, his abdomen opened, his intestines partly drawn out, and his heart and one ear removed. Similarities with the Ripper murders led to press speculation that the Ripper had killed him. The boy's employer, 23-year-old milkman William Barrett, was twice arrested for the murder but was released due to 553: 661:, three-quarters of an hour after the discovery of the body of Elizabeth Stride. Her throat was severed from ear to ear and her abdomen ripped open by a long, deep and jagged wound before her intestines had been placed over her right shoulder, with a section of the intestine being completely detached and placed between her body and left arm. 183:. Their throats were cut prior to abdominal mutilations. The removal of internal organs from at least three of the victims led to speculation that their killer had some anatomical or surgical knowledge. Rumours that the murders were connected intensified in September and October 1888, and numerous letters were received by media outlets and 549:. Her vagina had been stabbed twice, and the lower part of her abdomen was partly ripped open by a deep, jagged wound, causing her bowels to protrude. Several other incisions inflicted to both sides of her abdomen had also been caused by the same knife; each of these wounds had been inflicted in a downward thrusting manner. 1774:. The Ripper appears in novels, short stories, poems, comic books, games, songs, plays, operas, television programmes, and films. More than 100 non-fiction works deal exclusively with the Jack the Ripper murders, making this case one of the most written-about in the true-crime genre. The term "ripperology" was coined by 1056: 692:

had passed by a narrow walkway to Mitre Square named Church Passage with two friends shortly before the murder; he later described seeing a fair-haired man of medium build with a shabby appearance with a woman who may have been Eddowes. Lawende's companions were unable to confirm his description. The

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1887 "after a stake had been thrust through her abdomen", but there were no recorded murders in Whitechapel at or around Christmas 1887. "Fairy Fay" seems to have been created through a confused press report of the murder of Emma Elizabeth Smith, who had a stick or other blunt object shoved into her

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In addition to the eleven Whitechapel murders, commentators have linked other attacks to the Ripper. In the case of "Fairy Fay", it is unclear whether this attack was real or fabricated as a part of Ripper lore. "Fairy Fay" was a nickname given to an unidentified woman whose body was allegedly found

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Each of the canonical five murders was perpetrated at night, on or close to a weekend, either at the end of a month or a week (or so) after. The mutilations became increasingly severe as the series of murders proceeded, except for that of Stride, whose attacker may have been interrupted. Nichols was

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1888 and was received the same day by the Central News Agency. The handwriting was similar to the "Dear Boss" letter, and mentioned the canonical murders committed on 30 September, which the author refers to by writing "double event this time". It has been argued that the postcard was posted before

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who ventured into Whitechapel from a more well-to-do area. Such theories draw on cultural perceptions such as fear of the medical profession, a mistrust of modern science, or the exploitation of the poor by the rich. The term "Ripperology" was coined to describe the study and analysis of the Ripper

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before terminating beneath her right jaw. The absence of any further mutilations to her body has led to uncertainty as to whether Stride's murder was committed by the Ripper, or whether he was interrupted during the attack. Several witnesses later informed police they had seen Stride in the company

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Bond was strongly opposed to the idea that the murderer possessed any kind of scientific or anatomical knowledge, or even "the technical knowledge of a butcher or horse slaughterer". In his opinion, the killer must have been a man of solitary habits, subject to "periodical attacks of homicidal and

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on 13 February 1891, PC Ernest Thompson discovered a 25-year-old prostitute named Frances Coles lying beneath a railway arch at Swallow Gardens, Whitechapel. Her throat had been deeply cut but her body was not mutilated, leading some to believe Thompson had disturbed her assailant. Coles was still

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reported: "Whatever information may be in the possession of the police they deem it necessary to keep secret ... It is believed their attention is particularly directed to ... a notorious character known as 'Leather Apron'." Journalists were frustrated by the unwillingness of the CID to

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implied scathingly that the letter was written by a journalist "to hurl the circulation of a newspaper sky high". Police officials later claimed to have identified a specific journalist as the author of both the "Dear Boss" letter and the postcard. The journalist was identified as Tom Bullen in a

823:, linked only three of the murders and thought that the others were perpetrated by "weak-minded individual ... induced to emulate the crime". Macnaghten did not join the police force until the year after the murders, and his memorandum contains serious factual errors about possible suspects. 206:

and came with half of a preserved human kidney, purportedly taken from one of the victims. The public came increasingly to believe in the existence of a single serial killer known as Jack the Ripper, mainly because of both the extraordinarily brutal nature of the murders and media coverage of the

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on 11 September, and the left leg was subsequently discovered buried near where the torso was found on 17 October. The other limbs and head were never recovered and the body was never identified. The mutilations were similar to those in the Pinchin Street torso case, where the legs and head were

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argue that the canonical five is a "Ripper myth" and that three cases (Nichols, Chapman, and Eddowes) can be definitely linked to the same perpetrator, but that less certainty exists as to whether Stride and Kelly were also murdered by the same individual. Conversely, others suppose that the six

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1891, were included in a Metropolitan Police investigation and were known collectively in the police docket as the "Whitechapel murders". Opinions vary as to whether these murders should be linked to the same culprit, but five of the eleven Whitechapel murders, known as the "canonical five", are

865:. One of the examining pathologists, Thomas Bond, believed this to be a Ripper murder, though his colleague George Bagster Phillips, who had examined the bodies of three previous victims, disagreed. Opinions among writers are also divided between those who suspect McKenzie's murderer copied the 1740:

In the immediate aftermath of the murders and later, "Jack the Ripper became the children's bogey man." Depictions were often phantasmic or monstrous. In the 1920s and 1930s, he was depicted in film dressed in everyday clothes as a man with a hidden secret, preying on his unsuspecting victims;

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1889. Bruising about the victim's back, hip, and arm indicated the decedent had been extensively beaten shortly before her death. The victim's abdomen was also extensively mutilated, although her genitals had not been wounded. She appeared to have been killed approximately one day prior to the

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The left kidney and the major part of Eddowes's uterus had been removed, and her face had been disfigured, with her nose severed, her cheek slashed, and cuts measuring a quarter of an inch and a half an inch respectively vertically incised through each of her eyelids. A triangular incision—the

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All five murders no doubt were committed by the same hand. In the first four the throats appear to have been cut from left to right, in the last case owing to the extensive mutilation it is impossible to say in what direction the fatal cut was made, but arterial blood was found on the wall in

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The nature of the Ripper murders and the impoverished lifestyle of the victims drew attention to the poor living conditions in the East End and galvanised public opinion against the overcrowded, insanitary slums. In the two decades after the murders, the worst of the slums were cleared and

1516:). Eddowes's left kidney had been removed by the killer. The writer claimed that he "fried and ate" the missing kidney half. There is disagreement over the kidney; some contend that it belonged to Eddowes, while others argue that it was a macabre practical joke. The kidney was examined by 901:, had earlier been seen drinking with Coles, and the two are known to have argued approximately three hours before her death. Sadler was arrested by the police and charged with her murder. He was briefly thought to be the Ripper, but was later discharged from court for lack of evidence on 1312:

The concentration of the killings around weekends and public holidays and within a short distance of each other has indicated to many that the Ripper was in regular employment and lived locally. Others have opined that the killer was an educated upper-class man, possibly a doctor or an

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Over the course of the Whitechapel murders, the police, newspapers, and other individuals received hundreds of letters regarding the case. Some letters were well-intentioned offers of advice as to how to catch the killer, but the vast majority were either hoaxes or generally useless.

194:" written by an individual claiming to be the murderer, which was disseminated in the press. The letter is widely believed to have been a hoax and may have been written by journalists to heighten interest in the story and increase their newspapers' circulation. Another letter, the " 1349:

There are many, varied theories about the actual identity and profession of Jack the Ripper, but authorities are not agreed upon any of them, and the number of named suspects reaches over one hundred. Despite continued interest in the case, the Ripper's identity remains unknown.

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which made the Ripper the beneficiary of previously unparalleled publicity. Consequently, at the height of the investigation, over one million copies of newspapers with extensive coverage devoted to the Whitechapel murders were sold each day. However, many of the articles were

1658:, a local Jew who made footwear from leather, was known by the name "Leather Apron" and was arrested, even though the investigating inspector reported that "at present there is no evidence whatsoever against him". He was soon released after the confirmation of his alibis. 1654:

reveal details of their investigation to the public, and so resorted to writing reports of questionable veracity. Imaginative descriptions of "Leather Apron" appeared in the press, but rival journalists dismissed these as "a mythical outgrowth of the reporter's fancy".

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or Jews in general were responsible for the series of murders, but it is unclear whether the graffito was written by the murderer on dropping the section of apron, or was merely incidental and nothing to do with the case. Such graffiti were commonplace in Whitechapel.

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1888. She had received a superficial cut to her throat. Although an unknown man with blood on his mouth and hands had run out of this lodging house, shouting, "Look at what she has done!" before two eyewitnesses heard Farmer scream, her wound was light, and possibly

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would hold such knowledge of the crime. However, it was postmarked more than 24 hours after the killings occurred, long after details of the murders were known and publicised by journalists, and had become general community gossip by the residents of Whitechapel.

1167:, and usually such boats docked on Thursday or Friday and departed on Saturday or Sunday. The cattle boats were examined but the dates of the murders did not coincide with a single boat's movements and the transfer of a crewman between boats was also ruled out. 635:

of a man in or close to Berner Street on the evening of 29 September and in the early hours of 30 September, but each gave differing descriptions: some said that her companion was fair, others dark; some said that he was shabbily dressed, others well-dressed.

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of the Torso killer differed from that of the Ripper, and police at the time discounted any connection between the two. Only one of the four victims linked to the Torso killer, Elizabeth Jackson, was ever identified. Jackson was a 24-year-old prostitute from

238:—are known as the "canonical five" and their murders between 31 August and 9 November 1888 are often considered the most likely to be linked. The murders were never solved, and the legends surrounding these crimes became a combination of historical research, 537:), Whitechapel. Nichols had last been seen alive approximately one hour before the discovery of her body by a Mrs. Emily Holland, with whom she had previously shared a bed at a common lodging-house in Thrawl Street, Spitalfields, walking in the direction of 1217:

At the end of October, Robert Anderson asked police surgeon Thomas Bond to give his opinion on the extent of the murderer's surgical skill and knowledge. The opinion offered by Bond on the character of the "Whitechapel murderer" is the earliest surviving

580:, Spitalfields. As in the case of Nichols, the throat was severed by two deep cuts. Her abdomen had been cut entirely open, with a section of the flesh from her stomach being placed upon her left shoulder and another section of skin and flesh—plus her 1661:

After the publication of the "Dear Boss" letter, "Jack the Ripper" supplanted "Leather Apron" as the name adopted by the press and public to describe the killer. The name "Jack" was already used to describe another fabled London attacker:

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Multiple ashes found within the fireplace at 13 Miller's Court suggested Kelly's murderer had burned several combustible items to illuminate the single room as he mutilated her body. A recent fire had been severe enough to melt the

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Some researchers have posited that some of the murders were undoubtedly the work of a single killer, but an unknown larger number of killers acting independently were responsible for the other crimes. Authors Stewart P. Evans and

1243:". Bond also stated that "the homicidal impulse may have developed from a revengeful or brooding condition of the mind, or that religious mania may have been the original disease but I do not think either hypothesis is likely". 735:

1888. Her face had been "hacked beyond all recognition", with her throat severed down to the spine, and the abdomen almost emptied of its organs. Her uterus, kidneys and one breast had been placed beneath her head, and other

464:. Smith stated that she had been attacked by two or three men, one of whom she described as a teenager. This attack was linked to the later murders by the press, but most authors attribute Smith's murder to general East End 1325:

Suspects proposed years after the murders include virtually anyone remotely connected to the case by contemporaneous documents, as well as many famous names who were never considered in the police investigation, including

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atmosphere and evil were suggested through lighting effects and shadowplay. By the 1960s, the Ripper had become "the symbol of a predatory aristocracy", and was more often portrayed in a top hat dressed as a gentleman.

1338:. Everyone alive at the time is now long dead, and modern authors are free to accuse anyone "without any need for any supporting historical evidence". Suspects named in contemporaneous police documents include three in 1511:

1888. The handwriting and style is unlike that of the "Dear Boss" letter and "Saucy Jacky" postcard. The letter came with a small box in which Lusk discovered half of a human kidney, preserved in "spirits of wine"

3800: 1666:", who supposedly leapt over walls to strike at his victims and escape as quickly as he came. The invention and adoption of a nickname for a particular killer became standard media practice with examples such as 1729:

demolished, but the streets and some buildings survive, and the legend of the Ripper is still promoted by various guided tours of the murder sites and other locations pertaining to the case. For many years, the

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Tax reforms in the 1850s had enabled the publication of inexpensive newspapers with a wider circulation. These mushroomed in the later Victorian era to include mass-circulation newspapers costing as little as a

1467:. Initially, it was considered a hoax, but when Eddowes was found three days after the letter's postmark with a section of one ear obliquely cut from her body, the promise of the author to "clip the ladys ( 1001:", committed by a single serial killer dubbed the "Torso killer". It is debatable whether Jack the Ripper and the "Torso killer" were the same person or separate serial killers active in the same area. The 5807: 795:(CID), wrote a report that stated: "the Whitechapel murderer had 5 victims—& 5 victims only". Similarly, the canonical five victims were linked together in a letter written by police surgeon 4433: 1254:

positions with the wounds exposed" indicates that the perpetrator derived sexual pleasure from the attacks. This view is challenged by others, who dismiss such hypotheses as insupportable supposition.

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Historically, the belief these five canonical murders were committed by the same perpetrator is derived from contemporaneous documents which link them together to the exclusion of others. In 1894, Sir

6309: 1706:. Sensational press reports combined with the fact that no one was ever convicted of the murders have confused scholarly analysis and created a legend that casts a shadow over later serial killers. 1524:, who determined that it was human and from the left side, but (contrary to false newspaper reports) he could not determine any other biological characteristics. Openshaw subsequently also received 1163:, thought the pattern of the murders indicated that the culprit was a butcher or cattle drover on one of the cattle boats that plied between London and mainland Europe. Whitechapel was close to the 835:, or emigration. The Whitechapel murders file details another four murders that occurred after the canonical five: those of Rose Mylett, Alice McKenzie, the Pinchin Street torso, and Frances Coles. 854:

or committed suicide. However, faint markings left by a cord on one side of her neck suggested Mylett had been strangled. At the inquest into Mylett's death, the jury returned a verdict of murder.

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not missing any organs; Chapman's uterus and sections of her bladder and vagina were taken; Eddowes had her uterus and left kidney removed and her face mutilated; and Kelly's body was extensively

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Kershen, Anne J., "The Immigrant Community of Whitechapel at the Time of the Jack the Ripper Murders", in Werner, pp. 65–97; Vaughan, Laura, "Mapping the East End Labyrinth", in Werner, p. 225

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on extant letters is inconclusive; the available material has been handled many times and is too contaminated to provide meaningful results. There have been mutually incompatible claims that

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The large number of attacks against women in the East End during this time adds uncertainty to how many victims were murdered by the same individual. Eleven separate murders, stretching from

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in the East End became increasingly overcrowded, with the population increasing to approximately 80,000 inhabitants by 1888. Work and housing conditions worsened, and a significant economic

872:"The Pinchin Street torso" was a decomposing headless and legless torso of an unidentified woman aged between 30 and 40 discovered beneath a railway arch in Pinchin Street, Whitechapel, on 1745:

as a whole became the villain, with the Ripper acting as a manifestation of upper-class exploitation. The image of the Ripper merged with or borrowed symbols from horror stories, such as

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Another suspected precanonical victim was a young dressmaker named Ada Wilson, who reportedly survived being stabbed twice in the neck with a clasp knife upon the doorstep of her home in

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to the throat, followed by extensive abdominal and genital-area mutilation, the removal of internal organs, and progressive facial mutilations as the distinctive features of the Ripper's

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1888) criticising the police's alleged incompetence. The failure of the police to capture the killer reinforced the attitude held by radicals that the police were inept and mismanaged.

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1888 by a man who had demanded money from her. A further possible victim, 40-year-old Annie Farmer, resided at the same lodging house as Martha Tabram and reported an attack on

2002: 475:, stomach, and abdomen, with additional knife wounds inflicted to her breasts and vagina. All but one of Tabram's wounds had been inflicted with a bladed instrument such as a 1155:

Butchers, slaughterers, surgeons, and physicians were suspected because of the manner of the mutilations. A surviving note from Major Henry Smith, Acting Commissioner of the

2177:; Weis, Joseph G.; Brown, Katherine M.; Welch, Kristen (2005), "The Jack the Ripper murders: a modus operandi and signature analysis of the 1888–1891 Whitechapel murders", 1230:

All the circumstances surrounding the murders lead me to form the opinion that the women must have been lying down when murdered and in every case the throat was first cut.

1222:. Bond's assessment was based on his own examination of the most extensively mutilated victim and the post mortem notes from the four previous canonical murders. He wrote: 352:. Such perceptions were strengthened in 1888 when the series of vicious and grotesque murders attributed to "Jack the Ripper" received unprecedented coverage in the media. 700:

A chalk inscription upon the wall directly above this piece of apron read: "The Juwes are The men That Will not be Blamed for nothing." This graffito became known as the

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had been severed. Several minor bruises and cuts were found on her body, which also bore a seven-inch long superficial wound extending from her left breast to her

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and speculative, and false information was regularly printed as fact. In addition, several articles speculating as to the identity of the Ripper alluded to local

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Mary Jane Kelly is generally considered to be the Ripper's final victim, and it is assumed that the crimes ended because of the culprit's death, imprisonment,

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Tabram was murdered on a staircase landing in George Yard, Whitechapel, on 7 August 1888; she had suffered 39 stab wounds to her throat, lungs, heart, liver,

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Extensive newspaper coverage bestowed widespread and enduring international notoriety on the Ripper, and the legend solidified. A police investigation into a

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In addition to the contradictions and unreliability of contemporaneous accounts, attempts to identify the murderer are hampered by the lack of any surviving

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from her body placed beside her foot, about the bed and sections of her abdomen and thighs upon a bedside table. The heart was missing from the crime scene.

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Alice McKenzie was murdered shortly after midnight on 17 July 1889 in Castle Alley, Whitechapel. She had suffered two stab wounds to her neck, and her left

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Thomas Bond "notes of examination of body of woman found murdered & mutilated in Dorset Street" MEPO 3/3153 ff. 12–14, quoted in Sugden, pp. 315, 319

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1888 was the first to use the name "Jack the Ripper", but most experts believe that this was a fake inserted into police records in the 20th century.

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A 38-year-old widow named Annie Millwood was admitted to the Whitechapel Workhouse Infirmary with numerous stab wounds to her legs and lower torso on

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discovery of her torso. The dismembered sections of the body are believed to have been transported to the railway arch, hidden under an old chemise.

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to assist. The City of London Police were involved under Detective Inspector James McWilliam after the Eddowes murder, which occurred within the

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district of London, England, in 1888. In both criminal case files and the contemporaneous journalistic accounts, the killer was also called the

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Medical report in Coroner's Inquests, no. 135, Corporation of London Records, quoted in Evans and Skinner, pp. 205–207 and Fido, pp. 70–74

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1888. There was no sign of a struggle, and the police believed that she had either accidentally hanged herself with her collar while in a

7898: 7323: 6611: 3901: 1714: 934:. Millwood was later postulated to be the Ripper's first victim, although this attack cannot be definitively linked to the perpetrator. 5172: 4918: 626:) in Whitechapel. The cause of death was a single clear-cut incision, measuring six inches across her neck which had severed her left 6445: 5707: 5683: 6386: 4127: 7064: 6509: 5690: 2499: 1718:

The 'Nemesis of Neglect': Jack the Ripper depicted as a phantom stalking Whitechapel, and as an embodiment of social neglect, in a

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Report by Inspector Joseph Helson, CID 'J' Division, in the Metropolitan Police archive, MEPO 3/140 ff. 235–238, quoted in Begg,

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developed. Fifty-five per cent of children born in the East End died before they were five years old. Robbery, violence, and

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Attacks ascribed to Jack the Ripper typically involved women working as prostitutes who lived and worked in the slums of the

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Hundreds of letters claimed to have been written by the killer himself, and three of these in particular are prominent: the

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and protestors. Similar protests occurred in 2021 when the second of two "Jack The Chipper" fish and chip shops opened in

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whose various body parts were collected from the River Thames over a three-week period between 31 May and 25 June 1889.

611:" appearance. According to this eyewitness, the man had asked Chapman, "Will you?" to which Chapman had replied, "Yes." 5738: 4992: 2222: 1873: 479:, and with one possible exception, all the wounds had been inflicted by a right-handed individual. Tabram had not been 5033:

1888, Metropolitan Police Archive MEPO 1/48, quoted in Cook, p. 78; Evans and Rumbelow, p. 140 and Evans and Skinner,

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1888. She had been bludgeoned about the face and received a cut to her ear. A blunt object was also inserted into her

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The Ripper murders mark an important watershed in the treatment of crime by journalists. Jack the Ripper was not the

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body of Mary Jane Kelly was discovered lying on the bed in the single room where she lived at 13 Miller's Court, off

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had written the letters signed "Jack the Ripper" to heighten interest in the murders and "keep the business alive".

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A section of Eddowes's bloodied apron was found at the entrance to a tenement in Goulston Street, Whitechapel, at

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and works which straddle the boundaries between fact and fiction, including the Ripper letters and a hoax diary:

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of her neck being severed to the bone, although the heart was the sole body organ missing from this crime scene.

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into Chapman's murder, Elizabeth Long described having seen Chapman standing outside 29 Hanbury Street at about

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Both the Whitehall Mystery and the Pinchin Street case may have been part of a series of murders known as the "

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upon Eddowes's body stated his opinion these mutilations would have taken "at least five minutes" to complete.

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and her murderer walked to the yard where her body was discovered is beneath the numerals of the property sign.

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between 1888 and 1891 was unable to connect all the killings conclusively to the murders of 1888. Five victims—

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Dennis, Richard, "Common Lodgings and 'Furnished Rooms': Housing in 1880s Whitechapel", in Werner, pp. 177–179

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of 20 October 1888 said that around 700 letters had been investigated by police (quoted in Evans and Skinner,

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of Jack the Ripper to deflect suspicion from himself, and those who ascribe this murder to Jack the Ripper.

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murders between Tabram and Kelly were the work of a single killer. Percy Clark, assistant to the examining

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and 1,200 women working as prostitutes in Whitechapel, with approximately 8,500 people residing in the 233

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of which pointed towards Eddowes's eye—had also been carved upon each of her cheeks, and a section of the

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feared that the graffito might spark antisemitic riots and ordered the writing washed away before dawn.

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Wolf, Gunter (2008), "A kidney from hell? A nephrological view of the Whitechapel murders in 1888",

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Frances Coles was found with her throat cut under a railway arch in Whitechapel on 13 February 1891.

7863: 7487: 7131: 6768: 6739: 6662: 6590: 6431: 6324: 4347: 1758: 1730: 1517: 1290: 1141: 1036: 701: 322: 4639:, p. 199). Over 300 are preserved at the Corporation of London Records Office (Evans and Skinner, 2951: 2722: 2035:, p. 1; Police report dated 25 October 1888, MEPO 3/141 ff. 158–163, quoted in Evans and Skinner, 1250:

suppose that the penetration of the victims with a knife and "leaving them on display in sexually

7868: 7773: 7741: 7581: 7479: 7315: 7230: 7206: 6976: 6920: 6595: 2326: 1765: 1649: 1586: 1402: 1343: 1258: 858: 820: 769: 499: 6396: 1753:'s organ harvest. The fictional world of the Ripper can fuse with multiple genres, ranging from 7273: 7171: 7150: 7080: 6912: 6904: 6744: 6688: 6621: 6418: 3569: 1804: 1675: 1278: 104: 4797: 3793:"Scotland Yard is Built on a Crime Scene Related to an Unsolved Murder: The Whitehall Mystery" 3486: 1778:

in the 1970s to describe the study of the case by professionals and amateurs. The periodicals

1093:

The investigation was initially conducted by the Metropolitan Police Whitechapel (H) Division

7733: 7249: 7056: 7024: 1521: 1246:

There is no evidence the perpetrator engaged in sexual activity with any of the victims, yet

1156: 1067: 1022: 966: 614:

Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes were both killed in the early morning hours of Sunday

584:—being removed and placed above her right shoulder. Chapman's autopsy also revealed that her 4426:"Jack the Ripper: Has Notorious Serial Killer's Identity Been Revealed by New DNA Evidence?" 2495: 2083:

Marriott, John, "The Imaginative Geography of the Whitechapel murders", in Werner, pp. 31–63

7928: 7647: 7463: 7455: 6863: 6647: 6514: 6390: 6339: 5557:

Cook, pp. 139–141; Vaughan, Laura, "Mapping the East End Labyrinth", in Werner, pp. 236–237

5283: 5117: 1566:

1913. A journalist named Fred Best reportedly confessed in 1931 that he and a colleague at

1438: 1379: 1327: 1299:

Speculation as to the identity of Jack the Ripper: cover of the 21 September 1889 issue of

1110: 1018: 998: 951: 851: 832: 422: 333: 314: 259: 5715: 3957:

part one No. 16 (July 2003); part two No. 17 (January 2004), part three No. 19 (July 2004

8: 7725: 7511: 7399: 7198: 7164: 6960: 6749: 6559: 6534: 6504: 4564: 1750: 1339: 1175: 1102: 1075: 1060: 1032: 898: 894: 780: 361: 341: 211: 28: 5687: 5509:

Marriott, John, "The Imaginative Geography of the Whitechapel murders", in Werner, p. 54

4186:

Marriott, John, "The Imaginative Geography of the Whitechapel murders", in Werner, p. 48

930:

by an unknown man. She was later discharged, but died from apparently natural causes on

7686: 7613: 7358: 7257: 7222: 6829: 6575: 4880: 1663: 1548: 1536: 1219: 1202: 985: 973:. An arm and shoulder belonging to the body were previously discovered floating in the 678: 295: 271: 180: 6369: 5519: 1017:

1888, the body of a seven-year-old boy named John Gill was found in a stable block in

7661: 7503: 7339: 7157: 6952: 6473: 6275: 6257: 6240: 6226: 6212: 6198: 6184: 6170: 6153: 6139: 6125: 6111: 6097: 6083: 6069: 6055: 6047: 6038: 6024: 6010: 5993: 5979: 5961: 5943: 5929: 5915: 5901: 5887: 5873: 5781: 5211: 4964: 4569: 4485: 4249: 4016: 3958: 3884: 3829: 3674: 3605: 3535: 3425: 3276: 3257: 3005: 2882: 2782: 2763: 2670: 2621: 2580: 2452: 2406: 2387: 2196: 2003:"Jack the Ripper: Why Does a Serial Killer Who Disembowelled Women Deserve a Museum?" 1919: 1816: 1742: 1695: 1598: 1070:

files relating to their investigation into the Whitechapel murders were destroyed in

990: 958: 670: 643: 515: 366: 318: 231: 3229: 3204:"The Whitechapel Murders: The Belief that the Perpetrator of the Crimes is Now Dead" 1342:'s 1894 memorandum, but the evidence against each of these individuals is, at best, 254: 7640: 7495: 7115: 7048: 7000: 6944: 6928: 6858: 6853: 6652: 6642: 6488: 6483: 4954: 4624: 2186: 2174: 1720: 1703: 1671: 1591: 1559: 1483: 1442: 1434: 1384: 1374: 1314: 1281:

used to advance both of these claims by their proponents has also been criticised.

1180: 773: 623: 542: 541:. Her throat was severed by two deep cuts, one of which completely severed all the 538: 511: 503: 412: 227: 219: 195: 191: 5168: 2668:

Naming Jack the Ripper: New Crime Scene Evidence, A Stunning Forensic Breakthrough

748:

between a kettle and its spout, which had fallen into the grate of the fireplace.

7781: 7415: 7383: 7331: 6880: 6626: 6478: 5953: 5742: 5694: 4996: 4533: 4397: 4393: 3854: 3348: 2337: 2296: 1972: 1754: 1699: 1691: 1568: 1531:

Scotland Yard published facsimiles of the "Dear Boss" letter and the postcard on

1525: 1301: 1262: 1007: 812: 784: 756: 737: 666: 589: 581: 519: 461: 235: 6414: 3761: 2799: 1683: 7016: 6693: 6678: 6616: 6554: 6549: 6267: 4848:

Cook, pp. 79–80; Fido, pp. 8–9; Marriott, Trevor, pp. 219–222; Rumbelow, p. 123

4036: 3322: 1850: 1637: 1553: 1496: 1331: 1306: 1274: 1160: 1149: 1140:, during the time when Chapman, Stride, and Eddowes were killed. This prompted 1118: 843: 720: 713: 689: 658: 627: 577: 557: 534: 433: 417: 379: 329: 283: 267: 5647:

Bloom, Clive, "Jack the Ripper – A Legacy in Pictures", in Werner, pp. 255–260

5638:

Bloom, Clive, "Jack the Ripper – A Legacy in Pictures", in Werner, pp. 252–253

5094: 4080: 2330: 2092:

Haggard, Robert F. (1993), "Jack the Ripper As the Threat of Outcast London",

7857: 7589: 7527: 7471: 7407: 7040: 7032: 6780: 6529: 6468: 5971: 5785: 5497: 4269:

Five Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a UK Pound Amount, 1270 to Present

4012: 2200: 1836: 1687: 1679: 1614: 1335: 1266: 1114: 1079: 1044: 693:

murders of Stride and Eddowes ultimately became known as the "double event".

561: 507: 437: 426: 387: 383: 371: 243: 223: 184: 161: 6376: 5735: 4989: 53:"With the Vigilance Committee in the East End: A Suspicious Character" from 7621: 7423: 7214: 6698: 6249: 5843: 5808:"Jack the Ripper Museum Besieged by Women Protesters in Cable Street Again" 5774:"Jack the Ripper Museum Architect Says He was 'Duped' Over Change of Plans" 4968: 4004: 1775: 1610: 1318:

case in an effort to determine his identity, and the murders have inspired

1247: 1185: 1164: 974: 760: 751: 654: 647: 487: 391: 337: 299: 215: 144: 6393:

techniques used to discover the most likely location Jack the Ripper lived

5678:

Evans, Stewart P. (April 2003). "Ripperology, A Term Coined By ...",

1590:

depicting the discovery of the body of the first canonical Ripper victim,

328:

The economic problems in Whitechapel were accompanied by a steady rise in

6719: 6544: 6002: 5620:

Bloom, Clive, "Jack the Ripper – A Legacy in Pictures", in Werner, p. 251

4959: 4162: 1794: 1504: 1129: 1098: 938: 927: 893:

alive, although she died before medical help could arrive. A 53-year-old

842:

body of 26-year-old Rose Mylett was found in Clarke's Yard, High Street,

604: 465: 457: 411:

widely believed to be the work of the Ripper. Most experts point to deep

375: 287: 199: 165: 140: 6327:

was created from a revision of this article dated 5 March 2011

961:" was a term coined for the discovery of a headless torso of a woman on 7749: 6524: 5898:

Capturing Jack the Ripper: In the Boots of a Bobby in Victorian England

5597: 4691:

Over 200 are preserved at the Public Record Office (Evans and Skinner,

2096:, vol. 35, Corcoran Department of History at the University of Virginia 1655: 1641: 1251: 1240: 1170: 839: 453: 349: 291: 4593:

Whiteway, Ken (2004). "A Guide to the Literature of Jack the Ripper",

3975: 919:

vagina. Most authors agree that the victim "Fairy Fay" never existed.

7519: 7265: 6703: 4363:

Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 187–188, 261; Woods and Baddeley, pp. 121–122

4128:"The Seventh Murder in Whitechapel: A Story of Unparalleled Atrocity" 2978:"The Seventh Murder in Whitechapel: A Story of Unparalleled Atrocity" 2357:, pp. 29–31; Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 47–50; Marriott, Trevor, pp. 5–7 1897:

The full name of this individual is believed to be Thomas J. Bulling.

1601:, but his case was the first to create a worldwide media frenzy. The 1071: 970: 880: 817: 5976:

The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook: An Illustrated Encyclopedia

5138:

Professor Francis E. Camps, August 1966, "More on Jack the Ripper",

2546:

Eddleston, p. 21; Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 60–61; Rumbelow, pp. 24–27

2344:. Oxford University Press. Subscription required for online version. 1295: 48: 5067:, pp. 624–633; Marriott, Trevor, pp. 219–222; Rumbelow, pp. 121–122 2191: 1647:

In early September, six days after the murder of Mary Ann Nichols,

1618: 1453: 546: 476: 239: 6423: 6357: 4671:"Letters to Police, Signed "Jack the Ripper," are Practical Jokes" 2857:

1888, HO 144/221/A49301C, quoted in Evans and Skinner, pp. 185–188

27:

For the murders in or near Whitechapel between 1888 and 1891, see

4627:

estimated "probably at least 2000" (quoted in Evans and Skinner,

2074:, pp. 131–149; Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 38–42; Rumbelow, pp. 21–22 1746: 1513: 1478: 1039:) was strangled with clothing and then mutilated with a knife on 978: 682: 674: 631: 596: 310: 258:

Women and children congregate in front of one of the Whitechapel

4748:

Cook, pp. 77–78; Evans and Rumbelow, p. 140; Evans and Skinner,

4713:

Cook, pp. 76–77; Evans and Rumbelow, p. 137; Evans and Skinner,

4220:

1889, 144/221/A49301C ff. 235–236, quoted in Evans and Skinner,

3184:

1910, quoted in Cook, pp. 179–180 and Evans and Rumbelow, p. 239

1055: 572:

1888, the body of Annie Chapman was discovered at approximately

421:. The first two cases in the Whitechapel murders file, those of 6363: 5708:"Recent Scholarship on Jack the Ripper and the Victorian Media" 5500:, "Introduction", in Werner, p. 10; Rivett and Whitehead, p. 11 2264:, pp. 27–28; Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 47–50; Evans and Skinner, 1078:

files allow a detailed view of investigative procedures in the

745: 608: 585: 472: 449: 345: 270:

who swelled the populations of the major cities, including the

6379:

into the murders committed by Jack the Ripper compiled by the

5660:, p. 299; Marriott, Trevor, pp. 272–277; Rumbelow, pp. 251–253 3117:

Macnaghten's notes quoted by Cook, p. 151; Evans and Skinner,

1800:

poll selected Jack the Ripper as the worst Briton in history.

1239:", with the character of the mutilations possibly indicating " 1227:

splashes close to where the woman's head must have been lying.

298:

were commonplace, and the endemic poverty drove many women to

1236: 862: 317:

within Whitechapel every night, with the nightly price for a

20:

This article is about the serial killer. For other uses, see

6021:

Alias Jack the Ripper: Beyond the Usual Whitechapel Suspects

3603:

The name "Fairy Fay" was first used by Terrence Robinson in

3255:

Alias Jack the Ripper: Beyond the Usual Whitechapel Suspects

2929:

Letter from Charles Warren to Godfrey Lushington, Permanent

677:

of her right ear was later recovered from her clothing. The

6221:

Whittington-Egan, Richard; Whittington-Egan, Molly (1992).

1644:

rumours that the perpetrator was either Jewish or foreign.

705: 480: 7282:

The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Volume III: Century

6351: 5839:"Locals Boycott Greenwich Chippy Named 'Jack the Chipper'" 4453:

Marriott, Trevor, p. 205; Rumbelow, p. 263; Sugden, p. 266

2179:

Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling

1962: 552: 486:

The savagery of the Tabram murder, the lack of an obvious

266:

In the mid-19th century, England experienced an influx of

262:

close to where Jack the Ripper murdered two of his victims

4047:, p. 205; Evans and Rumbelow, p. 113; Evans and Skinner, 3570:"The Importance of Fairy Fay, and Her Link to Emma Smith" 1819:, with some patrons threatening to boycott the premises. 1468: 1090:, offered a reward of £500 for the arrest of the Ripper. 3953:

Vanderlinden, Wolf (2003–04). "The New York Affair", in

3751:

Beadle, p. 207; Evans and Rumbelow, p. 202; Fido, p. 100

1807:

opened in east London. It attracted criticism from both

370:

The sites of the first seven Whitechapel murders –

6150:

The Complete Jack the Ripper. Fully Revised and Updated

3349:"Alice McKenzie a.k.a. "Clay Pipe" Alice, Alice Bryant" 3145:

1888, HO 144/221/A49301C, quoted in Evans and Skinner,

2937:

1888, HO 144/221/A49301C, quoted in Evans and Skinner,

1495:

the murders were publicised, making it unlikely that a

6415:

focusing upon the murders committed by Jack the Ripper

6372:

pertaining to the murders committed by Jack the Ripper

5118:"Thomas Bulling and the Myth of the London Journalist" 4009:

Criminal Shadows: Inside the Mind of the Serial Killer

2440:

Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 51–55; Marriott, Trevor, p. 13

3003:

Foul Deeds and Suspicious Deaths in London's East End

2761:

Foul Deeds and Suspicious Deaths in London's East End

1035:", reportedly for her habit of quoting Shakespeare's 576:

near the steps to the doorway of the back yard of 29

525:

The body of Mary Ann Nichols was discovered at about

7822:

Blood!: The Life and Future Times of Jack the Ripper

4315:

Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 186–187; Evans and Skinner,

4266:

Officer, Lawrence H.; Williamson, Samuel H. (2023),

3514:

Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 218–222; Evans and Skinner,

3295:

Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 245–246; Evans and Skinner,

2173: 1826: 1678:. Examples derived from Jack the Ripper include the 1507:, leader of the Whitechapel Vigilance Committee, on 1201:

In September 1888, a group of volunteer citizens in

1101:. After the murder of Nichols, Detective Inspectors 618:

1888. Stride's body was discovered at approximately

603:

in the company of a dark-haired man wearing a brown

5604:. London: Blackie and Son. p. 126, quoted in Begg, 3454:

Fido, p. 113; Evans and Skinner (2000), pp. 551–557

2025: 926:1888, informing staff she had been attacked with a 772:, with her face "gashed in all directions" and the 246:, capturing public imagination to the present day. 6007:The Crimes, Detection and Death of Jack the Ripper 5029:Letter from Charles Warren to Godfrey Lushington, 2404:The Crimes, Detection and Death of Jack the Ripper 1609:) made school attendance compulsory regardless of 1196: 7464:Portrait of a Killer: Jack the Ripper—Case Closed 4265: 3902:"Unsettling Tale of Murder in Victorian Bradford" 3373:Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 208–209; Rumbelow, p. 131 2853:, pp. 193–194; Chief Inspector Swanson's report, 7855: 7366:The Prowler in the City at the Edge of the World 5914:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Amberley Publishing. 3086:Macnaghten's notes quoted by Evans and Skinner, 2952:"The Whitechapel Murders: A Startling Discovery" 2931:Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department 2496:"Old Wounds: Re-examining the Buck's Row Murder" 1541:Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department 187:from individuals purporting to be the murderer. 7124:The Phantom Raspberry Blower of Old London Town 6124:. Harpenden, Hertfordshire: Pocket Essentials. 6094:Jack the Ripper: The 21st Century Investigation 6035:Profiling Violent Crimes: An Investigative Tool 4885:The Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser 3441:Evans and Rumbelow, p. 210; Evans and Skinner, 3193:Marriott, Trevor, pp. 231–234; Rumbelow, p. 157 3023:Profiling Violent Crimes: An Investigative Tool 2656:Profiling Violent Crimes: An Investigative Tool 1269:points conclusively to two different suspects: 7894:History of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets 6810: 6068:. Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press. 6033:Holmes, Ronald M.; Holmes, Stephen T. (2002). 5992:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing. 5960:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing. 5458:e.g. Marriott, Trevor, p. 251; Rumbelow, p. 49 5076:Quoted in Cook, pp. 96–97; Evans and Skinner, 4423: 1864:List of fugitives from justice who disappeared 1152:to coordinate the enquiry from Scotland Yard. 642:Contemporaneous police drawing of the body of 190:The name "Jack the Ripper" originated in the " 6796: 6439: 6181:Abberline: The Man Who Hunted Jack the Ripper 6037:. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. 5334: 5154: 5152: 4704:Fido, pp. 6–10; Marriott, Trevor, pp. 219 ff. 4508:"7 People Suspected of Being Jack the Ripper" 3530:Evans, Stewart P.; Connell, Nicholas (2000). 2920:Cook, p. 143; Fido, pp. 47–52; Sugden, p. 254 1410: 6110:. Richmond, Surrey: Reynolds and Hearn Ltd. 5836: 5095:"A Look at Some of the Known Letter Writers" 4589: 4587: 4079:, London Metropolitan Police, archived from 3999: 3997: 3826:The Thames Torso Murders of Victorian London 3551: 3549: 3547: 3423:The Thames Torso Murders of Victorian London 3141:Letter from Thomas Bond to Robert Anderson, 2596:Marriott, Trevor, pp. 26–29; Rumbelow, p. 42 1945: 1943: 1941: 1879:List of serial killers in the United Kingdom 826: 286:emigrated into the same area. The parish of 16:Unidentified serial killer in London in 1888 7790:Assassin's Creed Syndicate: Jack the Ripper 7324:Sherlock Holmes: The Unauthorized Biography 6397:Letters claiming to be from Jack the Ripper 6169:. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers. 6108:Jack the Ripper: The Murders and the Movies 5958:Jack the Ripper: Scotland Yard Investigates 5575:Rumbelow, p. xv; Woods and Baddeley, p. 136 4908:Evans and Rumbelow, p. 170; Fido, pp. 78–80 4818:Eddleston, p. 155; Marriott, Trevor, p. 223 4776:"The Whitechapel Horrors: An Exciting Week" 4247:Jack the Ripper – Through the Mists of Time 3883:, Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood Publishing, 2780:Jack the Ripper – Through the Mists of Time 2641:, p. 153; Cook, p. 163; Evans and Skinner, 2578:Jack the Ripper – Through the Mists of Time 2223:"Locality of the Whitechapel Women-Murders" 622:in Dutfield's Yard, off Berner Street (now 6803: 6789: 6446: 6432: 6364:Jack the Ripper: The 1888 Autumn of Terror 6052:The Murders of the Black Museum: 1870–1970 5988:Evans, Stewart P.; Skinner, Keith (2001). 5149: 5050:, pp. 41, 52 and Woods and Baddeley, p. 54 4717:, pp. 16–18; Woods and Baddeley, pp. 48–49 4534:"Casebook: Jack the Ripper: Lewis Carroll" 4169:1888, HO 144/221/A49301C, quoted in Begg, 4043:1888, HO 144/221/A49301C, quoted in Begg, 3820: 3818: 3526: 3524: 3230:"Frances Coles: Murdered 13 February 1891" 2845: 2843: 2723:"The Whitechapel Murders: Rewards Offered" 2686:Cook, p. 157; Marriott, Trevor, pp. 81–125 2566:The Murders of the Black Museum: 1870–1970 1992:London, Novels and Social Writings, p. 147 1951:The Murders of the Black Museum: 1870-1970 1490:The "Saucy Jacky" postcard was postmarked 1417: 1403: 755:Official police photograph of the body of 429:, are not included in the canonical five. 47: 6274:. Hersham, Surrey: Ian Allan Publishing. 6080:Jack the Ripper: The Whitechapel Murderer 5616: 5614: 5454: 5452: 5426:1888, quoted in Evans and Rumbelow, p. 80 4958: 4844: 4842: 4726:Cook, pp. 78–79; Marriott, Trevor, p. 221 4584: 4161:Inspector Donald Swanson's report to the 3994: 3949: 3947: 3945: 3544: 3510: 3508: 3291: 3289: 2522:"Another Horrible Tragedy in Whitechapel" 2367: 2365: 2363: 2190: 2169: 2167: 2165: 2163: 1938: 914:in a doorway close to Commercial Road on 7065:Case Closed: The Phantom of Baker Street 6335:, and does not reflect subsequent edits. 6318: 6252:; Odell, Robin; Gaute, J. H. H. (1988). 6237:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive Casebook 6120:Rivett, Miriam; Whitehead, Mark (2006). 6023:. North Carolina: McFarland Publishing. 5230:. psychologytoday.com. 27 January 2004. 5171:. educationengland.org.uk. 1 June 1998. 5115: 4904: 4902: 4346:See also later contemporary editions of 4322: 3931: 3929: 3927: 1713: 1579: 1477: 1463:, and was forwarded to Scotland Yard on 1294: 1169: 1054: 984: 908: 879: 750: 653:Eddowes's body was found in a corner of 637: 551: 365: 253: 6254:Jack the Ripper: Summing up and Verdict 6167:The Complete History of Jack the Ripper 5870:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5771: 5705: 5658:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5606:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5586:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5546:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5473:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 5469:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5444:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5416:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5387:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5374:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5195:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5082:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 5065:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4763:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4750:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4654:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 4579:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 4464:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 4317:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4304:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4235:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 4222:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4205:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4175:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4171:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 4117:, p. 205; Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 84–85 4115:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 4102:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4076:The Enduring Mystery of Jack the Ripper 4049:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4045:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 3881:The American Murders of Jack the Ripper 3815: 3624:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3521: 3516:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3443:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3297:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3149:, pp. 360–362 and Rumbelow, pp. 145–147 3147:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3137: 3135: 3133: 3131: 3129: 3127: 3119:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3108:Cook, p. 151; Woods and Baddeley, p. 85 3088:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3075:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 2939:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 2851:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2840: 2710:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2643:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 2639:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2385:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2355:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2342:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2322: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2314: 2306:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2283:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 2279:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2266:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 2262:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2146:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 2072:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2037:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 1964:Life and Labour of the People in London 1629:, along with popular magazines such as 1503:The "From Hell" letter was received by 1146:Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police 704:. The message appeared to imply that a 7856: 7766:Sherlock Holmes Versus Jack the Ripper 6138:. New York: Berkley Publishing Group. 6136:Jack the Ripper. The Complete Casebook 6082:. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth Editions. 5926:Jack The Ripper & The London Press 5837:Bennett-Ness, Jamie (17 August 2021). 5805: 5611: 5548:, pp. 1–2; Rivett and Whitehead, p. 15 5449: 5084:, p. 193; and Marriott, Trevor, p. 254 4839: 4673:. The Yorkshire Herald. 8 October 1888 4486:"So You Want to Be a "Ripperologist"?" 4354:, quoted in Woods and Baddeley, p. 111 4003: 3942: 3828:, Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 3505: 3286: 3274:Jack the Ripper: The Forgotten Victims 2360: 2160: 2113: 2111: 2059:Jack the Ripper: The Complete Casebook 2039:, p. 283; Fido, p. 82; Rumbelow, p. 12 1869:List of murderers by number of victims 164:active in and around the impoverished 7440:Jack the Ripper, Light-Hearted Friend 6889:The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog 6784: 6427: 6197:. London: Little, Brown and Company. 6183:. Cheltenham: The History Press Ltd. 5316:from the original on 24 November 2020 5175:from the original on 26 February 2021 4899: 4800:. The Leeds Mercury. 13 November 1888 4798:"The Whitechapel Murder: The Inquest" 3924: 3232:. jack-the-ripper.org. 2 April 2010. 2800:"Catherine Eddowes a.k.a. Kate Kelly" 1212: 7889:History of the City of London Police 6078:Lynch, Terry; Davies, David (2008). 5526:from the original on 2 December 2020 5290:from the original on 18 January 2021 5208:Jack the Ripper and the London Press 5116:Westcott, Thomas C. 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Glasgow: Neil Wilson Publishing. 6195:The Black Museum: New Scotland Yard 6009:, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 5736:"Jack the Ripper is 'Worst Briton'" 5436:Leytonstone Express and Independent 5097:. jack-the-ripper.org. 2 April 2010 4947:Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 4424:Connor, Steven (7 September 2014), 4203:1888, quoted in Evans and Skinner, 3645:The Eastern Post and City Chronicle 3073:1888, quoted in Evans and Skinner, 2108: 1459:1888, was received that day by the 13: 7899:History of the Metropolitan Police 6305: 6235:Whittington-Egan, Richard (2013). 5990:Jack the Ripper: Letters from Hell 5978:. London: Constable and Robinson. 5522:. 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Madrid Days 6763: 6762: 6317: 6209:Jack the Ripper and the East End 5940:Jack the Ripper: An Encyclopedia 5830: 5806:Brooke, Mike (6 November 2017). 5799: 5772:Khomami, Nadia (5 August 2015). 5765: 5756: 5729: 5699: 5672: 5663: 5650: 5641: 5632: 5623: 5591: 5578: 5569: 5560: 5551: 5538: 5512: 5503: 5491: 5478: 5461: 5429: 5392: 5379: 5359: 5328: 5312:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 5302: 5286:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 5276: 5254:"Murderers Who Haunt the Screen" 5246: 5220: 5200: 5187: 5161: 5132: 5109: 5087: 5070: 5063:, pp. 45–48; Evans and Skinner, 5053: 5040: 5023: 5010: 4983: 4974: 4938: 4911: 4873: 4864: 4851: 4830: 4821: 4812: 4790: 4768: 4761:Cook, p. 87; Evans and Skinner, 4755: 4742: 4735:Cook, p. 79; Evans and Skinner, 4729: 4720: 4707: 4698: 4685: 4663: 4646: 4618: 4609: 4600: 4557: 4548: 4526: 4500: 4478: 4469: 4456: 4447: 4417: 4414:Meikle, p. 197; Rumbelow, p. 246 4408: 4375: 4366: 4357: 4340: 4331: 4309: 4296: 4283: 4259: 4240: 4227: 4216:Robert Anderson to Home Office, 4210: 4189: 4180: 4173:, p. 206 and Evans and Skinner, 4155: 4146: 4120: 4107: 4094: 4067: 4054: 4029: 3978:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 3976:"Home: Introduction to the Case" 3968: 3894: 3873: 3847: 3838: 3785: 3776: 3754: 3745: 3732: 3723: 3706: 3693: 3684: 3663: 3650: 3638: 3629: 3616: 3597: 3588: 3572:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 3562: 3351:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 3325:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 2802:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 1891: 1843: 1829: 1584:8 September 1888 edition of the 1050: 967:Metropolitan Police headquarters 965:1888 in the basement of the new 440:, Whitechapel, at approximately 22:Jack the Ripper (disambiguation) 7432:A Night in the Lonesome October 6725:Whitechapel Vigilance Committee 6381:Federal Bureau of Investigation 6239:. Stroud: Amberley Publishing. 6211:. London: Chatto & Windus. 5900:. Stroud: Amberley Publishing. 5706:Creaton, Heather (April 2003), 5669:Woods and Baddeley, pp. 70, 124 5471:, p. 99 and Evans and Skinner, 5258:Borehamwood & Elstree Times 5142:, quoted in Evans and Skinner, 4660:, p. 105; Rumbelow, pp. 105–116 4475:Woods and Baddeley, pp. 111–114 3844:Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 210–213 3782:Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 142–144 3479: 3466: 3457: 3448: 3435: 3416: 3403: 3394: 3385: 3376: 3367: 3341: 3315: 3302: 3267: 3248: 3222: 3196: 3187: 3170: 3161: 3152: 3111: 3102: 3093: 3080: 3059: 3050: 3041: 3028: 3015: 2996: 2970: 2944: 2923: 2914: 2905: 2892: 2873: 2860: 2827: 2818: 2792: 2773: 2754: 2741: 2715: 2702: 2689: 2680: 2661: 2648: 2631: 2612: 2599: 2590: 2571: 2558: 2549: 2540: 2514: 2488: 2475: 2462: 2443: 2434: 2425: 2416: 2397: 2378: 2347: 2288: 2271: 2254: 2241: 2215: 2206: 2151: 2138: 2099: 2086: 2077: 2064: 1207:Whitechapel Vigilance Committee 1197:Whitechapel Vigilance Committee 1084:Commissioner of the City Police 212:series of eleven brutal murders 204:Whitechapel Vigilance Committee 147:, London, England (5 canonical) 7874:19th-century English criminals 7308:The Last Sherlock Holmes Story 6272:Saucy Jack: The Elusive Ripper 5206:Curtis, L. Perry, Jr. (2001). 5158:Woods and Baddeley, pp. 20, 52 4923:, London Metropolitan Police, 4387:"Was Jack the Ripper a Woman?" 4039:'s report to the Home Office, 3857:. casebook.org. 2 April 2004. 2524:. casebook.org. 2 April 2004. 2498:. casebook.org. 2 April 2004. 2123:, London Metropolitan Police, 2051: 2042: 1995: 1986: 1966:(London: Macmillan, 1902–1903) 1956: 1929: 1910: 1448:The "Dear Boss" letter, dated 1025:. No-one was ever prosecuted. 719:The extensively mutilated and 468:unrelated to the Ripper case. 460:and died the following day at 1: 7884:History of the City of London 6207:Werner, Alex (editor, 2008). 5872:. London: Pearson Education. 5046:Quoted in Evans and Skinner, 4836:Marriott, Trevor, pp. 219–222 4656:, p. 165; Evans and Skinner, 4510:. history.com. 16 July 2015. 2422:Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 51–55 2308:, pp. 155–156 and Cook, p. 62 2212:Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 47–55 1904: 1603:Elementary Education Act 1880 1148:, to appoint Chief Inspector 803:, head of the London CID, on 592:and vagina had been removed. 309:estimated that there were 62 302:to survive on a daily basis. 280:pogroms in the Russian Empire 249: 214:committed in Whitechapel and 7073:Ripper 2: Letter from Within 6370:Contemporaneous news article 6256:. London: Corgi Publishing. 6054:, London: Bloomsbury Books, 5924:Curtis, Lewis Perry (2001). 5886:. 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Michael (2002), 3158:e.g. Cook, pp. 156–159, 199 1979:on-line archive) retrieved 1822: 1632:The Illustrated Police News 1605:(which had extended upon a 1284: 789:Metropolitan Police Service 307:Metropolitan Police Service 56:The Illustrated London News 10: 7945: 7669:The Great British Fake Off 7606:Case File nº221: Kabukicho 7097:Batman: Gotham by Gaslight 6969:Dr. Jekyll and Sister Hyde 6399:at nationalarchives.gov.uk 6066:Novels and Social Writings 5884:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 5861: 5762:Woods and Baddeley, p. 176 5629:Woods and Baddeley, p. 150 5337:"Who Was Jack the Ripper?" 4554:Evans and Rumbelow, p. 261 4291:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 4062:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3740:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3701:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3690:Beadle, p. 77; Fido, p. 16 3658:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3557:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3474:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3411:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3382:Evans and Rumbelow, p. 209 3310:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3167:Evans and Rumbelow, p. 260 3090:, pp. 584–587; Fido, p. 98 3036:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2900:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2835:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2749:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2607:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2470:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2373:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2249:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 1917:Serial Killers: True Crime 1859:Jack the Ripper in fiction 1353: 1288: 982:severed but not the arms. 359: 355: 305:In October 1888, London's 85:"The Whitechapel Murderer" 18: 7831: 7816:Casebook: Jack the Ripper 7808: 7701: 7678: 7632: 7549: 7542: 7375: 7350: 7299: 7292: 7241: 7190: 7142: 7107: 6872: 6846: 6821: 6758: 6712: 6671: 6635: 6604: 6568: 6497: 6461: 6152:. 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The door through which 151: 134: 124: 116: 111: 99: 95: 78: 68: 46: 39: 7132:Amazon Women on the Moon 6663:Goulston Street graffito 6591:Thomas Horrocks Openshaw 6377:centennial investigation 6179:Thurgood, Peter (2013). 5488:, pp. 13, 86; Fido, p. 7 5341:nationalgeographic.co.uk 4827:Marriott, Trevor, p. 223 4392:12 December 2020 at the 4348:Richard von Krafft-Ebing 4302:e.g. Evans and Skinner, 3762:"Casebook: Annie Farmer" 3669:Beadle, William (2009), 3391:Marriott, Trevor, p. 195 2866:e.g. Evans and Skinner, 2327:Davenport-Hines, Richard 1884: 1790:publish their research. 1575: 1562:to George R. Sims dated 1551:in the Sunday newspaper 1305:magazine, by cartoonist 1291:Jack the Ripper suspects 1144:Sir Charles Warren, the 702:Goulston Street graffito 533:1888 in Buck's Row (now 502:five Ripper victims are 7480:The Witches of Chiswick 7316:The Whitechapel Horrors 6596:George Bagster Phillips 6408:Encyclopædia Britannica 5942:. London: Metro Books. 5741:3 February 2009 at the 5693:16 October 2011 at the 4633:Illustrated Police News 1971:3 February 2011 at the 1650:The Manchester Guardian 1587:Penny Illustrated Paper 1340:Sir Melville Macnaghten 821:George Bagster Phillips 7879:English serial killers 7274:Wonder Woman: Amazonia 7172:The Somatic Defilement 6864:"Saucy Jacky" postcard 6745:Jack the Ripper Museum 6689:Flower and Dean Street 6622:Charles Allen Lechmere 6419:Texas State University 6366:at whitechapeljack.com 6360:of jack-the-ripper.org 6313: 6293:Listen to this article 6193:Waddell, Bill (1993). 6106:Meikle, Denis (2002). 6096:. London: John Blake. 5812:East London Advertiser 5442:1888, quoted in Begg, 5414:1888, quoted in Begg, 5372:1888, quoted in Begg, 4606:Eddleston, pp. 195–244 4577:1903, quoted in Begg, 3714:East London Advertiser 3673:, London: John Blake, 2304:1888, quoted in Begg, 1805:Jack the Ripper Museum 1759:Japanese erotic horror 1725: 1594: 1487: 1439:"Saucy Jacky" postcard 1380:"Saucy Jacky" postcard 1309: 1279:scientific methodology 1232: 1193: 1123:Assistant Commissioner 1063: 994: 885: 764: 650: 565: 399: 263: 7734:Duke Nukem: Zero Hour 7250:Blood of the Innocent 6389:focusing upon modern 6312: 6064:London, Jack (1984). 5910:Cook, Andrew (2009). 5749:2006, BBC, retrieved 5714:(333), archived from 4995:1 August 2017 at the 4597:, vol. 29 pp. 219–229 4352:Psychopathia Sexualis 4132:The Pall Mall Gazette 3491:The Cheshire Observer 2982:The Pall Mall Gazette 2956:The Lancaster Gazette 2727:Birmingham Daily Post 1717: 1583: 1481: 1298: 1224: 1173: 1068:City of London Police 1058: 1023:insufficient evidence 988: 909:Other alleged victims 883: 754: 641: 555: 432:Smith was robbed and 369: 315:common lodging-houses 260:common lodging-houses 257: 120:Unknown (5 canonical) 7904:London crime history 7648:Comes the Inquisitor 7625:(2019–present) 6648:Saucy Jacky postcard 6569:Doctors and coroners 6391:geographic profiling 6344:More spoken articles 5818:on 21 September 2020 5718:on 28 September 2006 5260:. 30 November 2006. 4752:, p. 193; Fido, p. 7 3908:. 21 November 2017. 3178:East London Observer 2336:25 July 2015 at the 1328:Prince Albert Victor 1019:Manningham, Bradford 833:institutionalisation 588:and sections of her 423:Emma Elizabeth Smith 334:Bloody Sunday (1887) 170:Whitechapel Murderer 160:was an unidentified 7512:Dracula the Un-dead 7400:Night of the Ripper 7165:Killer on the Loose 6961:Hands of the Ripper 6750:Whitechapel murders 6730:Conspiracy theories 6560:Adolphus Williamson 6535:Melville Macnaghten 6505:Frederick Abberline 5970:Evans, Stewart P.; 5952:Evans, Stewart P.; 5882:Begg, Paul (2004). 5868:Begg, Paul (2003). 5484:Evans and Skinner, 5400:Manchester Guardian 5366:Manchester Guardian 5140:Crime and Detection 5016:Evans and Skinner, 4565:Frederick Abberline 4100:Evans and Skinner, 4011:. London, England: 3935:Evans and Skinner, 3906:Telegraph and Argus 3855:"Elizabeth Jackson" 3799:. 29 October 2016. 3622:Evans and Skinner, 2031:Evans and Skinner, 1751:Victor Frankenstein 1599:first serial killer 1461:Central News Agency 1103:Frederick Abberline 1076:Metropolitan Police 1061:Frederick Abberline 899:James Thomas Sadler 781:Melville Macnaghten 727:, Spitalfields, at 711:Police Commissioner 646:, as discovered in 394:(bottom left), and 362:Whitechapel murders 282:and other areas of 198:", was received by 130:(1888: 5 canonical) 29:Whitechapel murders 7914:Nicknames in crime 7687:Bridge Across Time 7614:Sherlock in Russia 7359:A Toy for Juliette 7258:Gotham by Gaslight 6859:"From Hell" letter 6854:"Dear Boss" letter 6586:Roderick Macdonald 6576:Wynne Edwin Baxter 6314: 6223:The Murder Almanac 6048:Honeycombe, Gordon 5712:Reviews in History 4960:10.1093/ndt/gfn198 4887:. 20 November 1888 4134:. 10 November 1888 4083:on 4 February 2010 4015:. pp. 12–13. 3493:. 28 February 1891 3208:Sioux City Journal 2984:. 10 November 1888 2483:The Murder Almanac 2481:Whittington-Egan, 2229:. 11 November 1888 1726: 1664:Spring-heeled Jack 1595: 1537:Godfrey Lushington 1488: 1443:"From Hell" letter 1435:"Dear Boss" letter 1385:"From Hell" letter 1375:"Dear Boss" letter 1310: 1213:Criminal profiling 1194: 1128:, was on leave in 1064: 995: 886: 765: 714:Sir Charles Warren 681:who conducted the 651: 566: 434:sexually assaulted 400: 296:alcohol dependency 272:East End of London 264: 181:East End of London 103:Unknown (possibly 7851: 7850: 7697: 7696: 7662:Sanctuary for All 7538: 7537: 7340:The Ripper Legacy 6953:A Study in Terror 6778: 6777: 6636:Letters and clues 6612:George Hutchinson 6474:Catherine Eddowes 6462:Canonical victims 6417:published by the 6310: 6280:978-0-7110-3410-5 6262:978-0-552-12858-2 6245:978-1-445-61768-8 6231:978-1-897-78404-4 6217:978-0-7011-8247-2 6203:978-0-316-90332-5 6189:978-0-752-48810-3 6158:978-0-14-017395-6 6144:978-0-425-11869-6 6130:978-1-904048-69-5 6088:978-1-840-22077-3 6074:978-0-521-26213-2 6060:978-0-863-79040-9 6029:978-0-786-40898-6 5920:978-1-84868-327-3 5906:978-1-445-62162-3 5892:978-0-760-77121-1 5228:"Jack the Ripper" 4953:(10): 3343–3349, 4570:Pall Mall Gazette 4254:978-1-782-28168-9 4195:Rumbelow, p. 93; 3889:978-0-275-98155-6 3834:978-0-7864-1348-5 3679:978-1-84454-688-6 3430:978-1-476-61665-0 3400:Eddleston, p. 129 3281:978-1-306-47495-5 3262:978-1-476-62973-5 3176:Interview in the 3010:978-1-781-59662-3 2958:. 13 October 1888 2911:Eddleston, p. 171 2887:978-0-978-91122-5 2787:978-1-782-28168-9 2768:978-1-845-63001-0 2675:978-1-447-26423-1 2626:978-0-760-78716-8 2585:978-1-782-28168-9 2457:978-0-244-67383-3 2411:978-1-566-19537-9 2175:Keppel, Robert D. 2094:Essays in History 1924:978-0-7835-0001-0 1743:The Establishment 1735:Commercial Street 1696:Jack the Stripper 1684:Düsseldorf Ripper 1427: 1426: 1259:forensic evidence 1203:London's East End 993:" of October 1888 991:Whitehall Mystery 959:Whitehall Mystery 763:, 9 November 1888 644:Catherine Eddowes 516:Catherine Eddowes 232:Catherine Eddowes 155: 154: 7936: 7909:Murder in London 7839: 7838: 7641:Wolf in the Fold 7547: 7546: 7297: 7296: 7231:The Ruling Class 7116:Bizarre, Bizarre 7001:Murder by Decree 6977:The Ruling Class 6929:Man in the Attic 6805: 6798: 6791: 6782: 6781: 6766: 6765: 6653:From Hell letter 6643:Dear Boss letter 6489:Elizabeth Stride 6484:Mary Ann Nichols 6448: 6441: 6434: 6425: 6424: 6334: 6332: 6321: 6320: 6311: 6301: 6299: 6294: 5954:Rumbelow, Donald 5856: 5855: 5853: 5851: 5834: 5828: 5827: 5825: 5823: 5814:. Archived from 5803: 5797: 5796: 5794: 5792: 5769: 5763: 5760: 5754: 5752: 5748: 5733: 5727: 5726: 5725: 5723: 5703: 5697: 5676: 5670: 5667: 5661: 5654: 5648: 5645: 5639: 5636: 5630: 5627: 5621: 5618: 5609: 5602:I Caught Crippen 5595: 5589: 5582: 5576: 5573: 5567: 5564: 5558: 5555: 5549: 5542: 5536: 5535: 5533: 5531: 5516: 5510: 5507: 5501: 5495: 5489: 5482: 5476: 5465: 5459: 5456: 5447: 5441: 5433: 5427: 5425: 5413: 5408:Austin Statesman 5405: 5396: 5390: 5383: 5377: 5371: 5363: 5357: 5356: 5354: 5352: 5332: 5326: 5325: 5323: 5321: 5306: 5300: 5299: 5297: 5295: 5280: 5274: 5273: 5271: 5269: 5250: 5244: 5243: 5241: 5239: 5224: 5218: 5204: 5198: 5191: 5185: 5184: 5182: 5180: 5165: 5159: 5156: 5147: 5136: 5130: 5129: 5127: 5125: 5113: 5107: 5106: 5104: 5102: 5091: 5085: 5074: 5068: 5057: 5051: 5044: 5038: 5032: 5027: 5021: 5014: 5008: 5006: 5003:2001, retrieved 5002: 4987: 4981: 4978: 4972: 4971: 4962: 4942: 4936: 4935: 4934: 4932: 4915: 4909: 4906: 4897: 4896: 4894: 4892: 4877: 4871: 4868: 4862: 4859:Autumn of Terror 4855: 4849: 4846: 4837: 4834: 4828: 4825: 4819: 4816: 4810: 4809: 4807: 4805: 4794: 4788: 4787: 4785: 4783: 4772: 4766: 4759: 4753: 4746: 4740: 4733: 4727: 4724: 4718: 4711: 4705: 4702: 4696: 4689: 4683: 4682: 4680: 4678: 4667: 4661: 4650: 4644: 4625:Donald McCormick 4622: 4616: 4613: 4607: 4604: 4598: 4591: 4582: 4576: 4561: 4555: 4552: 4546: 4545: 4543: 4541: 4530: 4524: 4523: 4521: 4519: 4504: 4498: 4497: 4495: 4493: 4482: 4476: 4473: 4467: 4460: 4454: 4451: 4445: 4444: 4443: 4441: 4421: 4415: 4412: 4406: 4404: 4384: 4379: 4373: 4370: 4364: 4361: 4355: 4344: 4338: 4335: 4329: 4326: 4320: 4313: 4307: 4300: 4294: 4287: 4281: 4280: 4279: 4277: 4272:, MeasuringWorth 4263: 4257: 4244: 4238: 4231: 4225: 4219: 4214: 4208: 4202: 4193: 4187: 4184: 4178: 4168: 4159: 4153: 4152:Rumbelow, p. 274 4150: 4144: 4143: 4141: 4139: 4124: 4118: 4111: 4105: 4098: 4092: 4091: 4090: 4088: 4071: 4065: 4058: 4052: 4042: 4033: 4027: 4026: 4001: 3992: 3991: 3989: 3987: 3972: 3966: 3951: 3940: 3933: 3922: 3921: 3919: 3917: 3898: 3892: 3877: 3871: 3870: 3868: 3866: 3851: 3845: 3842: 3836: 3822: 3813: 3812: 3810: 3808: 3797:The Vintage News 3789: 3783: 3780: 3774: 3773: 3771: 3769: 3758: 3752: 3749: 3743: 3736: 3730: 3727: 3721: 3719: 3710: 3704: 3697: 3691: 3688: 3682: 3667: 3661: 3654: 3648: 3642: 3636: 3633: 3627: 3620: 3614: 3612: 3601: 3595: 3592: 3586: 3585: 3583: 3581: 3566: 3560: 3553: 3542: 3528: 3519: 3512: 3503: 3502: 3500: 3498: 3483: 3477: 3470: 3464: 3461: 3455: 3452: 3446: 3439: 3433: 3420: 3414: 3407: 3401: 3398: 3392: 3389: 3383: 3380: 3374: 3371: 3365: 3364: 3362: 3360: 3345: 3339: 3338: 3336: 3334: 3319: 3313: 3306: 3300: 3293: 3284: 3271: 3265: 3252: 3246: 3245: 3243: 3241: 3226: 3220: 3219: 3217: 3215: 3200: 3194: 3191: 3185: 3183: 3174: 3168: 3165: 3159: 3156: 3150: 3144: 3139: 3122: 3115: 3109: 3106: 3100: 3099:Eddleston, p. 70 3097: 3091: 3084: 3078: 3072: 3063: 3057: 3056:Eddleston, p. 63 3054: 3048: 3045: 3039: 3032: 3026: 3019: 3013: 3000: 2994: 2993: 2991: 2989: 2974: 2968: 2967: 2965: 2963: 2948: 2942: 2936: 2927: 2921: 2918: 2912: 2909: 2903: 2896: 2890: 2877: 2871: 2864: 2858: 2856: 2847: 2838: 2831: 2825: 2822: 2816: 2815: 2813: 2811: 2796: 2790: 2777: 2771: 2758: 2752: 2745: 2739: 2738: 2736: 2734: 2729:. 2 October 1888 2719: 2713: 2706: 2700: 2693: 2687: 2684: 2678: 2665: 2659: 2652: 2646: 2635: 2629: 2616: 2610: 2603: 2597: 2594: 2588: 2575: 2569: 2562: 2556: 2553: 2547: 2544: 2538: 2537: 2535: 2533: 2518: 2512: 2511: 2509: 2507: 2492: 2486: 2479: 2473: 2466: 2460: 2447: 2441: 2438: 2432: 2429: 2423: 2420: 2414: 2401: 2395: 2382: 2376: 2369: 2358: 2351: 2345: 2324: 2309: 2303: 2292: 2286: 2275: 2269: 2258: 2252: 2245: 2239: 2238: 2236: 2234: 2219: 2213: 2210: 2204: 2203: 2194: 2171: 2158: 2155: 2149: 2142: 2136: 2135: 2134: 2132: 2115: 2106: 2103: 2097: 2090: 2084: 2081: 2075: 2068: 2062: 2055: 2049: 2046: 2040: 2029: 2023: 2022: 2020: 2018: 2009:. 30 July 2015. 1999: 1993: 1990: 1984: 1982: 1960: 1954: 1947: 1936: 1933: 1927: 1914: 1898: 1895: 1853: 1848: 1847: 1846: 1839: 1834: 1833: 1733:public house in 1700:Yorkshire Ripper 1672:Boston Strangler 1638:sensationalistic 1592:Mary Ann Nichols 1565: 1560:John Littlechild 1546: 1534: 1510: 1493: 1474: 1466: 1458: 1451: 1419: 1412: 1405: 1358: 1357: 1220:offender profile 1191: 1176:Blind man's buff 1139: 1135: 1088:Sir James Fraser 1074:. The surviving 1042: 1016: 999:Thames Mysteries 964: 948: 944: 933: 925: 917: 904: 891: 875: 849: 806: 791:and Head of the 734: 730: 699: 624:Henriques Street 621: 617: 605:deer-stalker hat 602: 582:small intestines 575: 571: 539:Whitechapel Road 532: 528: 512:Elizabeth Stride 504:Mary Ann Nichols 456:. She developed 452:, rupturing her 447: 443: 409: 405: 390:(bottom right), 374:(centre right), 268:Irish immigrants 228:Elizabeth Stride 220:Mary Ann Nichols 196:From Hell letter 192:Dear Boss letter 137: 79:Other names 62: 51: 37: 36: 32: 25: 7944: 7943: 7939: 7938: 7937: 7935: 7934: 7933: 7864:Jack the Ripper 7854: 7853: 7852: 7847: 7827: 7804: 7782:The Order: 1886 7758:Jack the Ripper 7710:Jack the Ripper 7693: 7674: 7628: 7609:(2019–20) 7598:Time After Time 7593:(2012–17) 7585:(2009–13) 7577:(2007–11) 7566:Jack the Ripper 7558:Jack the Ripper 7534: 7392:Time After Time 7384:A Feast Unknown 7371: 7346: 7332:Dust and Shadow 7300:Sherlock Holmes 7288: 7269:(1989–98) 7237: 7186: 7151:Jack the Ripper 7138: 7103: 7009:Time After Time 6993:Jack the Ripper 6937:Jack the Ripper 6868: 6842: 6817: 6812:Jack the Ripper 6809: 6779: 6774: 6754: 6708: 6667: 6658:Openshaw letter 6631: 6627:Israel Schwartz 6600: 6564: 6510:Robert Anderson 6493: 6479:Mary Jane Kelly 6457: 6455:Jack the Ripper 6452: 6403:Jack the Ripper 6354:at casebook.org 6352:Jack the Ripper 6348: 6347: 6336: 6330: 6328: 6325:This audio file 6322: 6315: 6306: 6303: 6297: 6296: 6292: 6289: 6284: 6268:Baddeley, Gavin 6122:Jack the Ripper 5912:Jack the Ripper 5864: 5859: 5849: 5847: 5835: 5831: 5821: 5819: 5804: 5800: 5790: 5788: 5770: 5766: 5761: 5757: 5750: 5746: 5743:Wayback Machine 5734: 5730: 5721: 5719: 5704: 5700: 5695:Wayback Machine 5677: 5673: 5668: 5664: 5655: 5651: 5646: 5642: 5637: 5633: 5628: 5624: 5619: 5612: 5596: 5592: 5583: 5579: 5574: 5570: 5565: 5561: 5556: 5552: 5543: 5539: 5529: 5527: 5518: 5517: 5513: 5508: 5504: 5496: 5492: 5483: 5479: 5466: 5462: 5457: 5450: 5439: 5434: 5430: 5423: 5411: 5403: 5397: 5393: 5384: 5380: 5369: 5364: 5360: 5350: 5348: 5333: 5329: 5319: 5317: 5308: 5307: 5303: 5293: 5291: 5282: 5281: 5277: 5267: 5265: 5252: 5251: 5247: 5237: 5235: 5226: 5225: 5221: 5205: 5201: 5192: 5188: 5178: 5176: 5167: 5166: 5162: 5157: 5150: 5137: 5133: 5123: 5121: 5114: 5110: 5100: 5098: 5093: 5092: 5088: 5075: 5071: 5058: 5054: 5045: 5041: 5030: 5028: 5024: 5015: 5011: 5004: 5000: 4997:Wayback Machine 4988: 4984: 4979: 4975: 4943: 4939: 4930: 4928: 4917: 4916: 4912: 4907: 4900: 4890: 4888: 4879: 4878: 4874: 4869: 4865: 4856: 4852: 4847: 4840: 4835: 4831: 4826: 4822: 4817: 4813: 4803: 4801: 4796: 4795: 4791: 4781: 4779: 4774: 4773: 4769: 4760: 4756: 4747: 4743: 4734: 4730: 4725: 4721: 4712: 4708: 4703: 4699: 4690: 4686: 4676: 4674: 4669: 4668: 4664: 4651: 4647: 4631:, p. 180). The 4623: 4619: 4614: 4610: 4605: 4601: 4592: 4585: 4574: 4562: 4558: 4553: 4549: 4539: 4537: 4532: 4531: 4527: 4517: 4515: 4506: 4505: 4501: 4491: 4489: 4484: 4483: 4479: 4474: 4470: 4461: 4457: 4452: 4448: 4439: 4437: 4430:The Independent 4422: 4418: 4413: 4409: 4402: 4398:The Independent 4394:Wayback Machine 4382: 4380: 4376: 4371: 4367: 4362: 4358: 4345: 4341: 4336: 4332: 4328:Canter, pp. 5–6 4327: 4323: 4314: 4310: 4301: 4297: 4288: 4284: 4275: 4273: 4264: 4260: 4245: 4241: 4232: 4228: 4217: 4215: 4211: 4200: 4197:Daily Telegraph 4194: 4190: 4185: 4181: 4166: 4160: 4156: 4151: 4147: 4137: 4135: 4126: 4125: 4121: 4112: 4108: 4099: 4095: 4086: 4084: 4073: 4072: 4068: 4059: 4055: 4040: 4034: 4030: 4023: 4002: 3995: 3985: 3983: 3974: 3973: 3969: 3952: 3943: 3934: 3925: 3915: 3913: 3900: 3899: 3895: 3891:, pp. xxii, 190 3878: 3874: 3864: 3862: 3853: 3852: 3848: 3843: 3839: 3823: 3816: 3806: 3804: 3791: 3790: 3786: 3781: 3777: 3767: 3765: 3760: 3759: 3755: 3750: 3746: 3737: 3733: 3728: 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2721: 2720: 2716: 2707: 2703: 2694: 2690: 2685: 2681: 2666: 2662: 2653: 2649: 2636: 2632: 2619:Jack the Ripper 2617: 2613: 2604: 2600: 2595: 2591: 2576: 2572: 2563: 2559: 2555:Rumbelow, p. 42 2554: 2550: 2545: 2541: 2531: 2529: 2520: 2519: 2515: 2505: 2503: 2494: 2493: 2489: 2480: 2476: 2467: 2463: 2448: 2444: 2439: 2435: 2430: 2426: 2421: 2417: 2402: 2398: 2383: 2379: 2370: 2361: 2352: 2348: 2338:Wayback Machine 2325: 2312: 2301: 2293: 2289: 2276: 2272: 2259: 2255: 2246: 2242: 2232: 2230: 2221: 2220: 2216: 2211: 2207: 2172: 2161: 2156: 2152: 2143: 2139: 2130: 2128: 2117: 2116: 2109: 2104: 2100: 2091: 2087: 2082: 2078: 2069: 2065: 2056: 2052: 2048:Rumbelow, p. 14 2047: 2043: 2030: 2026: 2016: 2014: 2001: 2000: 1996: 1991: 1987: 1980: 1973:Wayback Machine 1961: 1957: 1948: 1939: 1934: 1930: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1902: 1901: 1896: 1892: 1887: 1849: 1844: 1842: 1835: 1828: 1825: 1755:Sherlock Holmes 1724:cartoon of 1888 1712: 1692:Blackout Ripper 1578: 1563: 1544: 1532: 1522:London Hospital 1518:Thomas Openshaw 1508: 1491: 1472: 1464: 1456: 1449: 1423: 1394: 1390:Openshaw letter 1362:Jack the Ripper 1356: 1293: 1287: 1271:Aaron Kosminski 1229: 1228: 1215: 1199: 1189: 1137: 1133: 1126:Robert Anderson 1053: 1040: 1014: 969:being built in 962: 946: 942: 931: 923: 915: 911: 902: 889: 873: 847: 829: 813:Donald Rumbelow 804: 801:Robert Anderson 785:Chief Constable 757:Mary Jane Kelly 732: 728: 697: 619: 615: 600: 573: 569: 530: 526: 520:Mary Jane Kelly 496: 462:London Hospital 445: 441: 407: 403: 378:(centre left), 364: 358: 330:social tensions 276:Jewish refugees 252: 236:Mary Jane Kelly 158:Jack the Ripper 135: 129: 91: 88:"Leather Apron" 74: 64: 60: 42: 41:Jack the Ripper 33: 26: 19: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7942: 7932: 7931: 7926: 7921: 7916: 7911: 7906: 7901: 7896: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7869:1888 in London 7866: 7849: 7848: 7846: 7845: 7832: 7829: 7828: 7826: 7825: 7818: 7812: 7810: 7806: 7805: 7803: 7802: 7794: 7786: 7778: 7770: 7762: 7754: 7746: 7738: 7730: 7722: 7714: 7705: 7703: 7699: 7698: 7695: 7694: 7692: 7691: 7690:(1985 TV film) 7682: 7680: 7676: 7675: 7673: 7672: 7665: 7658: 7651: 7644: 7636: 7634: 7630: 7629: 7627: 7626: 7618: 7610: 7602: 7594: 7586: 7578: 7570: 7562: 7553: 7551: 7544: 7540: 7539: 7536: 7535: 7533: 7532: 7524: 7516: 7508: 7500: 7492: 7484: 7476: 7468: 7460: 7452: 7444: 7436: 7428: 7420: 7412: 7404: 7396: 7388: 7379: 7377: 7373: 7372: 7370: 7369: 7362: 7354: 7352: 7348: 7347: 7345: 7344: 7336: 7328: 7320: 7312: 7303: 7301: 7294: 7290: 7289: 7287: 7286: 7278: 7270: 7262: 7254: 7245: 7243: 7239: 7238: 7236: 7235: 7227: 7219: 7211: 7203: 7194: 7192: 7188: 7187: 7185: 7184: 7176: 7168: 7161: 7154: 7146: 7144: 7140: 7139: 7137: 7136: 7128: 7120: 7111: 7109: 7105: 7104: 7102: 7101: 7093: 7085: 7077: 7069: 7061: 7053: 7045: 7037: 7029: 7025:Edge of Sanity 7021: 7013: 7005: 6997: 6989: 6981: 6973: 6965: 6957: 6949: 6941: 6933: 6925: 6917: 6909: 6901: 6893: 6885: 6876: 6874: 6870: 6869: 6867: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6850: 6848: 6844: 6843: 6841: 6840: 6833: 6825: 6823: 6819: 6818: 6808: 6807: 6800: 6793: 6785: 6776: 6775: 6773: 6772: 6759: 6756: 6755: 6753: 6752: 6747: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6716: 6714: 6710: 6709: 6707: 6706: 6701: 6696: 6694:Hanbury Street 6691: 6686: 6681: 6675: 6673: 6669: 6668: 6666: 6665: 6660: 6655: 6650: 6645: 6639: 6637: 6633: 6632: 6630: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6617:Joseph Lawende 6614: 6608: 6606: 6602: 6601: 6599: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6572: 6570: 6566: 6565: 6563: 6562: 6557: 6555:Charles Warren 6552: 6550:Donald Swanson 6547: 6542: 6537: 6532: 6527: 6522: 6517: 6515:Walter Andrews 6512: 6507: 6501: 6499: 6495: 6494: 6492: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6471: 6465: 6463: 6459: 6458: 6451: 6450: 6443: 6436: 6428: 6422: 6421: 6411: 6400: 6394: 6383: 6373: 6367: 6361: 6355: 6337: 6323: 6316: 6304: 6291: 6290: 6288: 6287:External links 6285: 6283: 6282: 6264: 6247: 6233: 6219: 6205: 6191: 6177: 6163:Sugden, Philip 6160: 6146: 6132: 6118: 6104: 6090: 6076: 6062: 6045: 6031: 6017: 6000: 5986: 5972:Skinner, Keith 5968: 5950: 5936: 5922: 5908: 5894: 5880: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5857: 5829: 5798: 5764: 5755: 5728: 5698: 5671: 5662: 5649: 5640: 5631: 5622: 5610: 5590: 5577: 5568: 5559: 5550: 5537: 5511: 5502: 5498:Ackroyd, Peter 5490: 5477: 5460: 5448: 5428: 5391: 5378: 5358: 5327: 5301: 5275: 5245: 5219: 5199: 5186: 5160: 5148: 5131: 5120:. casebook.org 5108: 5086: 5069: 5052: 5039: 5022: 5009: 4982: 4973: 4937: 4910: 4898: 4872: 4863: 4850: 4838: 4829: 4820: 4811: 4789: 4767: 4754: 4741: 4728: 4719: 4706: 4697: 4695:, pp. 8, 180). 4684: 4662: 4645: 4617: 4608: 4599: 4583: 4556: 4547: 4525: 4499: 4477: 4468: 4455: 4446: 4416: 4407: 4381:Marks, Kathy ( 4374: 4365: 4356: 4339: 4330: 4321: 4308: 4295: 4282: 4258: 4239: 4226: 4209: 4188: 4179: 4154: 4145: 4119: 4106: 4093: 4066: 4053: 4037:Donald Swanson 4028: 4021: 3993: 3967: 3941: 3923: 3893: 3872: 3846: 3837: 3814: 3784: 3775: 3753: 3744: 3731: 3729:Beadle, p. 207 3722: 3705: 3692: 3683: 3662: 3649: 3647:, 7 April 1888 3637: 3635:Sugden pp. 5–6 3628: 3615: 3606:Reynold's News 3596: 3587: 3561: 3543: 3520: 3504: 3478: 3465: 3463:Waddell, p. 80 3456: 3447: 3434: 3415: 3402: 3393: 3384: 3375: 3366: 3340: 3314: 3301: 3285: 3266: 3247: 3221: 3195: 3186: 3169: 3160: 3151: 3123: 3110: 3101: 3092: 3079: 3058: 3049: 3040: 3027: 3014: 2995: 2969: 2943: 2922: 2913: 2904: 2891: 2872: 2859: 2839: 2826: 2817: 2791: 2772: 2753: 2740: 2714: 2701: 2688: 2679: 2660: 2647: 2630: 2611: 2598: 2589: 2570: 2557: 2548: 2539: 2513: 2487: 2474: 2461: 2442: 2433: 2431:Waddell, p. 75 2424: 2415: 2396: 2377: 2359: 2346: 2310: 2287: 2270: 2253: 2240: 2227:Reynold's News 2214: 2205: 2192:10.1002/jip.22 2159: 2150: 2137: 2107: 2098: 2085: 2076: 2063: 2050: 2041: 2024: 1994: 1985: 1955: 1937: 1928: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1900: 1899: 1889: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1882: 1881: 1876: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1855: 1854: 1851:History portal 1840: 1824: 1821: 1711: 1708: 1676:Beltway Sniper 1577: 1574: 1549:George R. Sims 1425: 1424: 1422: 1421: 1414: 1407: 1399: 1396: 1395: 1393: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1371: 1368: 1367: 1355: 1352: 1344:circumstantial 1332:Walter Sickert 1289:Main article: 1286: 1283: 1275:Walter Sickert 1214: 1211: 1198: 1195: 1161:Queen Victoria 1150:Donald Swanson 1119:City of London 1111:Walter Andrews 1052: 1049: 1003:modus operandi 952:self-inflicted 910: 907: 867:modus operandi 859:carotid artery 852:drunken stupor 828: 825: 690:Joseph Lawende 679:police surgeon 659:City of London 628:carotid artery 578:Hanbury Street 558:Hanbury Street 535:Durward Street 495: 494:Canonical five 492: 418:modus operandi 380:Hanbury Street 360:Main article: 357: 354: 284:Eastern Europe 251: 248: 153: 152: 149: 148: 138: 132: 131: 126: 122: 121: 118: 114: 113: 109: 108: 101: 97: 96: 93: 92: 90: 89: 86: 82: 80: 76: 75: 72: 70: 66: 65: 52: 44: 43: 40: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7941: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7861: 7859: 7844: 7843: 7834: 7833: 7830: 7824: 7823: 7819: 7817: 7814: 7813: 7811: 7807: 7800: 7799: 7795: 7792: 7791: 7787: 7784: 7783: 7779: 7776: 7775: 7771: 7768: 7767: 7763: 7760: 7759: 7755: 7752: 7751: 7747: 7744: 7743: 7739: 7736: 7735: 7731: 7728: 7727: 7723: 7720: 7719: 7715: 7712: 7711: 7707: 7706: 7704: 7700: 7689: 7688: 7684: 7683: 7681: 7677: 7670: 7666: 7663: 7659: 7656: 7652: 7649: 7645: 7642: 7638: 7637: 7635: 7631: 7624: 7623: 7619: 7616: 7615: 7611: 7608: 7607: 7603: 7600: 7599: 7595: 7592: 7591: 7590:Ripper Street 7587: 7584: 7583: 7579: 7576: 7575: 7571: 7568: 7567: 7563: 7560: 7559: 7555: 7554: 7552: 7548: 7545: 7541: 7530: 7529: 7528:The Cutthroat 7525: 7522: 7521: 7517: 7514: 7513: 7509: 7506: 7505: 7501: 7498: 7497: 7493: 7490: 7489: 7485: 7482: 7481: 7477: 7474: 7473: 7472:Blood and Fog 7469: 7466: 7465: 7461: 7458: 7457: 7453: 7450: 7449: 7445: 7442: 7441: 7437: 7434: 7433: 7429: 7426: 7425: 7421: 7418: 7417: 7413: 7410: 7409: 7408:Phantom Blood 7405: 7402: 7401: 7397: 7394: 7393: 7389: 7386: 7385: 7381: 7380: 7378: 7374: 7367: 7363: 7360: 7356: 7355: 7353: 7351:Short stories 7349: 7342: 7341: 7337: 7334: 7333: 7329: 7326: 7325: 7321: 7318: 7317: 7313: 7310: 7309: 7305: 7304: 7302: 7298: 7295: 7291: 7284: 7283: 7279: 7276: 7275: 7271: 7268: 7267: 7263: 7260: 7259: 7255: 7252: 7251: 7247: 7246: 7244: 7240: 7233: 7232: 7228: 7225: 7224: 7220: 7217: 7216: 7212: 7209: 7208: 7207:Pandora's Box 7204: 7201: 7200: 7196: 7195: 7193: 7189: 7182: 7181: 7177: 7174: 7173: 7169: 7166: 7162: 7159: 7155: 7152: 7148: 7147: 7145: 7141: 7134: 7133: 7129: 7126: 7125: 7121: 7118: 7117: 7113: 7112: 7110: 7106: 7099: 7098: 7094: 7091: 7090: 7086: 7083: 7082: 7078: 7075: 7074: 7070: 7067: 7066: 7062: 7059: 7058: 7054: 7051: 7050: 7046: 7043: 7042: 7038: 7035: 7034: 7033:Deadly Advice 7030: 7027: 7026: 7022: 7019: 7018: 7014: 7011: 7010: 7006: 7003: 7002: 6998: 6995: 6994: 6990: 6987: 6986: 6982: 6979: 6978: 6974: 6971: 6970: 6966: 6963: 6962: 6958: 6955: 6954: 6950: 6947: 6946: 6942: 6939: 6938: 6934: 6931: 6930: 6926: 6923: 6922: 6918: 6915: 6914: 6910: 6907: 6906: 6902: 6899: 6898: 6897:Pandora's Box 6894: 6891: 6890: 6886: 6883: 6882: 6878: 6877: 6875: 6871: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6851: 6849: 6845: 6839: 6838: 6834: 6832: 6831: 6827: 6826: 6824: 6822:Seminal works 6820: 6816: 6813: 6806: 6801: 6799: 6794: 6792: 6787: 6786: 6783: 6771: 6770: 6761: 6760: 6757: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6717: 6715: 6711: 6705: 6702: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6684:Dorset Street 6682: 6680: 6677: 6676: 6674: 6670: 6664: 6661: 6659: 6656: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6640: 6638: 6634: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6609: 6607: 6603: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6574: 6573: 6571: 6567: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6543: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6530:George Godley 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6520:Thomas Arnold 6518: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6502: 6500: 6496: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6469:Annie Chapman 6467: 6466: 6464: 6460: 6456: 6449: 6444: 6442: 6437: 6435: 6430: 6429: 6426: 6420: 6416: 6412: 6410: 6409: 6404: 6401: 6398: 6395: 6392: 6388: 6384: 6382: 6378: 6374: 6371: 6368: 6365: 6362: 6359: 6356: 6353: 6350: 6349: 6345: 6341: 6326: 6281: 6277: 6273: 6269: 6266:Woods, Paul; 6265: 6263: 6259: 6255: 6251: 6250:Wilson, Colin 6248: 6246: 6242: 6238: 6234: 6232: 6228: 6224: 6220: 6218: 6214: 6210: 6206: 6204: 6200: 6196: 6192: 6190: 6186: 6182: 6178: 6176: 6175:0-7867-0276-1 6172: 6168: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6155: 6151: 6147: 6145: 6141: 6137: 6133: 6131: 6127: 6123: 6119: 6117: 6116:1-903111-32-3 6113: 6109: 6105: 6103: 6102:1-84454-103-7 6099: 6095: 6091: 6089: 6085: 6081: 6077: 6075: 6071: 6067: 6063: 6061: 6057: 6053: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6043:0-7619-2594-5 6040: 6036: 6032: 6030: 6026: 6022: 6018: 6016: 6015:0-297-79136-2 6012: 6008: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5998:0-7509-2549-3 5995: 5991: 5987: 5985: 5984:1-84119-225-2 5981: 5977: 5973: 5969: 5967: 5966:0-7509-4228-2 5963: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5949: 5948:1-84358-046-2 5945: 5941: 5937: 5935: 5934:0-300-08872-8 5931: 5927: 5923: 5921: 5917: 5913: 5909: 5907: 5903: 5899: 5895: 5893: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5879: 5878:0-582-50631-X 5875: 5871: 5867: 5866: 5846: 5845: 5840: 5833: 5817: 5813: 5809: 5802: 5787: 5783: 5779: 5775: 5768: 5759: 5744: 5740: 5737: 5732: 5717: 5713: 5709: 5702: 5696: 5692: 5689: 5685: 5681: 5675: 5666: 5659: 5653: 5644: 5635: 5626: 5617: 5615: 5607: 5603: 5599: 5594: 5587: 5581: 5572: 5563: 5554: 5547: 5541: 5525: 5521: 5515: 5506: 5499: 5494: 5487: 5481: 5474: 5470: 5464: 5455: 5453: 5445: 5437: 5432: 5421: 5418:, pp. 98–99; 5417: 5409: 5401: 5395: 5388: 5382: 5375: 5367: 5362: 5346: 5342: 5338: 5331: 5315: 5311: 5305: 5289: 5285: 5279: 5263: 5259: 5255: 5249: 5233: 5229: 5223: 5217: 5216:0-300-08872-8 5213: 5209: 5203: 5196: 5190: 5174: 5170: 5164: 5155: 5153: 5145: 5141: 5135: 5119: 5112: 5096: 5090: 5083: 5079: 5073: 5066: 5062: 5056: 5049: 5043: 5036: 5026: 5019: 5013: 4998: 4994: 4991: 4986: 4977: 4970: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4941: 4926: 4922: 4921: 4914: 4905: 4903: 4886: 4882: 4876: 4870:Sugden p. 269 4867: 4860: 4854: 4845: 4843: 4833: 4824: 4815: 4799: 4793: 4777: 4771: 4764: 4758: 4751: 4745: 4738: 4732: 4723: 4716: 4710: 4701: 4694: 4688: 4672: 4666: 4659: 4655: 4649: 4642: 4638: 4634: 4630: 4626: 4621: 4612: 4603: 4596: 4590: 4588: 4580: 4572: 4571: 4566: 4560: 4551: 4535: 4529: 4513: 4509: 4503: 4487: 4481: 4472: 4465: 4459: 4450: 4435: 4431: 4427: 4420: 4411: 4400: 4399: 4395: 4391: 4388: 4378: 4369: 4360: 4353: 4349: 4343: 4334: 4325: 4319:, pp. 359–360 4318: 4312: 4306:, pp. 245–252 4305: 4299: 4292: 4286: 4271: 4270: 4262: 4255: 4251: 4248: 4243: 4236: 4230: 4223: 4213: 4206: 4198: 4192: 4183: 4176: 4172: 4164: 4158: 4149: 4133: 4129: 4123: 4116: 4110: 4103: 4097: 4082: 4078: 4077: 4070: 4063: 4057: 4050: 4046: 4038: 4032: 4024: 4022:0-00-255215-9 4018: 4014: 4013:HarperCollins 4010: 4006: 4005:Canter, David 4000: 3998: 3981: 3977: 3971: 3964: 3963:0-9759129-0-9 3960: 3956: 3950: 3948: 3946: 3938: 3932: 3930: 3928: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3897: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3876: 3860: 3856: 3850: 3841: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3821: 3819: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3788: 3779: 3763: 3757: 3748: 3742:, pp. 311–312 3741: 3735: 3726: 3715: 3709: 3702: 3696: 3687: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3666: 3659: 3653: 3646: 3641: 3632: 3625: 3619: 3608: 3607: 3600: 3591: 3575: 3571: 3565: 3558: 3552: 3550: 3548: 3541: 3540:1-902791-05-3 3537: 3533: 3527: 3525: 3518:, pp. 551–568 3517: 3511: 3509: 3492: 3488: 3482: 3475: 3469: 3460: 3451: 3445:, pp. 480–515 3444: 3438: 3431: 3427: 3424: 3419: 3412: 3406: 3397: 3388: 3379: 3370: 3354: 3350: 3344: 3328: 3324: 3318: 3311: 3305: 3299:, pp. 422–439 3298: 3292: 3290: 3282: 3278: 3275: 3270: 3263: 3259: 3256: 3251: 3235: 3231: 3225: 3210:. 8 July 1895 3209: 3205: 3199: 3190: 3179: 3173: 3164: 3155: 3148: 3138: 3136: 3134: 3132: 3130: 3128: 3120: 3114: 3105: 3096: 3089: 3083: 3077:, pp. 339–340 3076: 3068: 3062: 3053: 3044: 3038:, pp. 292–293 3037: 3031: 3024: 3018: 3011: 3007: 3004: 2999: 2983: 2979: 2973: 2957: 2953: 2947: 2941:, pp. 183–184 2940: 2932: 2926: 2917: 2908: 2901: 2895: 2888: 2884: 2881: 2876: 2869: 2863: 2852: 2846: 2844: 2836: 2830: 2821: 2805: 2801: 2795: 2788: 2784: 2781: 2776: 2769: 2765: 2762: 2757: 2750: 2744: 2728: 2724: 2718: 2712:, pp. 176–184 2711: 2705: 2698: 2692: 2683: 2676: 2672: 2669: 2664: 2657: 2651: 2644: 2640: 2634: 2627: 2623: 2620: 2615: 2608: 2602: 2593: 2586: 2582: 2579: 2574: 2567: 2561: 2552: 2543: 2527: 2523: 2517: 2501: 2497: 2491: 2484: 2478: 2471: 2465: 2458: 2454: 2451: 2446: 2437: 2428: 2419: 2412: 2408: 2405: 2400: 2393: 2392:0-582-50631-X 2389: 2386: 2381: 2374: 2368: 2366: 2364: 2356: 2350: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2332: 2328: 2323: 2321: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2307: 2299: 2298: 2291: 2284: 2280: 2274: 2267: 2263: 2257: 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7842:Category 7671:" (2020) 7664:" (2008) 7657:" (1999) 7650:" (1995) 7643:" (1967) 7633:Episodes 7496:Darkside 7368:" (1967) 7361:" (1967) 7167:" (1980) 7160:" (1976) 7153:" (1963) 6881:Waxworks 6769:Category 6740:Suspects 6413:Article 6342: · 6270:(2009). 6165:(2002). 6050:(1982), 6005:(1987), 5974:(2000). 5956:(2006). 5739:Archived 5691:Archived 5688:Casebook 5608:, p. 198 5600:(1938). 5524:Archived 5420:The Star 5389:, p. 214 5345:Archived 5314:Archived 5288:Archived 5262:Archived 5232:Archived 5197:, p. 208 5173:Archived 5124:5 August 5101:5 August 5001:19 April 4993:Archived 4969:18408073 4925:archived 4765:, p. 652 4677:5 August 4581:, p. 264 4575:31 March 4512:Archived 4434:archived 4390:Archived 4293:, p. 128 4224:, p. 399 4207:, p. 341 4177:, p. 125 4104:, p. 675 4064:, p. 184 4051:, p. 125 4007:(1994). 3986:16 April 3980:Archived 3939:, p. 136 3910:Archived 3859:Archived 3807:19 April 3801:Archived 3718:31 March 3580:25 April 3574:Archived 3476:, p. 317 3413:, p. 316 3359:26 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1953:, p. 54 1747:Dracula 1554:Referee 1520:of the 1514:ethanol 1365:letters 1354:Letters 1235:erotic 1142:Colonel 1037:sonnets 1008:Chelsea 979:Pimlico 903:3 March 787:of the 738:viscera 671:auricle 657:in the 632:trachea 609:genteel 597:inquest 595:At the 590:bladder 446:3 April 404:3 April 382:(top), 356:Murders 202:of the 117:Victims 112:Details 73:Unknown 7801:(2019) 7793:(2015) 7785:(2015) 7769:(2009) 7761:(2004) 7753:(2000) 7745:(1999) 7737:(1999) 7729:(1996) 7726:Ripper 7721:(1992) 7713:(1987) 7655:Ripper 7617:(2020) 7601:(2017) 7569:(1988) 7561:(1973) 7550:Series 7531:(2017) 7523:(2015) 7515:(2009) 7507:(2007) 7499:(2007) 7491:(2006) 7488:Broken 7483:(2003) 7475:(2003) 7467:(2002) 7459:(2001) 7451:(1998) 7448:Matrix 7443:(1996) 7435:(1993) 7427:(1992) 7419:(1991) 7411:(1987) 7403:(1984) 7395:(1979) 7387:(1969) 7343:(2016) 7335:(2009) 7327:(2005) 7319:(1992) 7311:(1978) 7285:(2009) 7277:(1997) 7261:(1989) 7253:(1985) 7242:Comics 7183:(2014) 7175:(2007) 7135:(1987) 7127:(1976) 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