James Larkin - Knowledge

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building a revolutionary party, frequently seeing political developments as only "an echo" of the industrial battle, and played down the need for a party that had a consistent and clear ideology and view of the world, thinking mass unionisation would be enough. At the height of the 1913 lock-out, when the men were at the height of their popularity, they made no particular concerted effort to recruit workers to a socialist party. This allowed other political parties to take advantage of much of their work, despite not having supported workers during the lock-out. Through a combination of a lack of cohesion and co-operation, an opportunity for a successful communist movement in Ireland, in a time where a revolutionary mentality still remained, was missed. This was perhaps a movement which only Larkin could have achieved, as an obvious figurehead who still remained widely popular amongst the Irish left, and with an Irish Labour movement which had swung towards Syndicalism. Communism in Ireland at this time also had a distinct lack of controversy surrounding it, with the IRA sending delegations to Moscow and maintaining a widespread and open association with Profintern. Following the Catholic Church's rallying against Communism from 1929 onwards, the mood quickly changed.

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American left, so he effectively alienated himself from both movements and speaking engagements began to dwindle. His speeches had attracted interest from the German embassy and he had been approached by military Attachés shortly after his speech in Philadelphia and offered $ 200 per week to undertake waterfront sabotage work. Larkin refused on humanitarian grounds and informed them that he was already engaged in organising strikes that would effectively hamper the Allied war effort by restricting American war-related industry, and that he had established the Four Winds Fellowship a society open to all trade unionists and socialists born in the British Empire and who were opposed to the war. Elsewhere, he was reported as having said that he did not want a German victory, instead preferring a military deadlock, leading to workers' revolts in the belligerent countries, a desire which came partly true, following the

1708:, whom he disparagingly said had been referred to as 'England's best'. He went on to attack the First World War directly, particularly the efforts of the British to get men from Ireland to join their war effort, going on to say that if Ireland was to fight it would be against the British in an effort to create an Irish republic: 'Why should Ireland fight for Britain in this war? What has Britain ever done for our people? Whatever we got from her we wrested with struggle and sacrifice. No, men and women of the Irish race, we shall not fight for England. We shall fight for the destruction of the British Empire and the construction of an Irish republic. We shall not fight for the preservation of the enemy, which has laid waste with death and desolation the fields and hills of Ireland for 700 years. We will fight to free Ireland from the grasp of that vile carcase called England'. 1732: 2436: 1712:

have always answered the call of Caithlin-ni-Houlihan. For seven hundred long, weary years we have waited for this hour. The flowing tide is with us ... ready for the Rising of the Moon'. He went on to say, in the same speech, that 'The time is ripe for an active movement. We have waited years for this opportunity, and it could not come at a better time. We have the men and the plans, but only have 5000 rifles and no ammunition. Give us more guns and ammunition and we will not fail you. We have got something better than England ever had—destiny'. His speech was received well by the Clan and other nationalists, and his initial time with the clan was successful being asked to attend other speaking engagements.

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ITGWU, including asking them to cover the costs of purchasing passage on a steamer ship, although he, in characteristic fashion, did not reveal the reason. The union's new leadership began to see him as out of touch, and that if allowed to do so he would attempt to restore his previous near-total command over the union. The union had also already spent large sums of money on Larkin's behalf—making sure his wife Elizabeth was taken care of, covering his medical expenses and covering the costs of James Jnr's visit to see him in America. For these reasons, the additional financial requests were denied, a decision which begat what would become an intense split in the union movement in Ireland. After lobbying the

1547: 1834:, President of the South African Federation of Labour who wanted Larkin for a speaking tour of the country. A trial took place in which Larkin represented himself, presenting his view that his own beliefs rather than his deeds were on trial, and exhibiting a philosophy incorporating his new-found Bolshevism as well as his Christianity, Socialism, Syndicalism, Communism and Irish nationalism. Despite many onlookers being of the opinion that he had gained enough sympathy to divide the jury, Larkin's fears were instead realised: he was found guilty and sentenced to five to ten years, to be served in the notorious 1613: 1515:– savagely baton-charged the crowd, injuring between 400 and 600 people. MP Handel Booth, who was present, said that the police "behaved like men possessed. They drove the crowd into the side streets to meet other batches of the government's minions, wildly striking with their truncheons at everyone within reach ... The few roughs got away first, most respectable people left their hats and crawled away with bleeding heads. Kicking victims when prostrate was a settled part of the police programme." Larkin went into hiding, charged with incitement to breach the peace. Larkin was later re-arrested, charged with 6353: 40: 2596:, the Liverpool Irish Festival held a James Larkin Evening at the 'Casa' bar — the dockers' pub in central Liverpool. This was attended by Francis Devine who wrote the general history of the trade union movement in Dublin and the formation of SIPTU. It was introduced by Liverpool Irishman Marcus Maher, who travelled from Dublin to present a specially commissioned painting by Finbar Coyle to James Larkin's last remaining Liverpool nephew, Tom Larkin. The painting reflects on one side Dublin and on the other side the Liver Bird and his home city of Liverpool. 364: 1570:. The Citizen Army for the duration of the lock-out was armed with hurleys (sticks used in hurling, a traditional Irish sport) and bats to protect workers' demonstrations from the police. Jack White, a former Captain in the British Army, volunteered to train this army and offered £50 towards the cost of shoes to workers so that they could train. In addition to its role as a self-defence organisation, the Army, which was drilled in Croydon Park in Fairview by White, provided a diversion for workers unemployed and idle during the dispute. 1700:. Soon after his speech at Maddison Garden, he was invited by Devoy to speak to a combined audience of German Uhlans and Irish Volunteers in Philadelphia, where he enthusiastically called for money and arms for the Republican cause in Ireland to a cheering crowd. During this speech, Larkin showed one of the rifles that had been smuggled into Ireland at Howth, which he noted could be better but still worked. (He added that better weapons could be obtained with more money.) He compared it with a rifle given to the Irish Volunteers by 5776: 2448: 2149: 1635:

of the lock-out on Larkin, union officials reluctantly concluded that a break would probably be of great benefit to him. Following the advice given by 'Big Bill', 'Big Jim' therefore left for America. His decision to leave dismayed many union activists, including a large number of his colleagues in the ITGWU. In addition to recuperating from the strain of the lockout and undertaking a tour of the United States, Larkin also intended to raise funds for the union and the fledgling ICA, and to rebuild their headquarters

998:. The lock-out was an industrial dispute over workers' pay and conditions as well as their right to organise, and received worldwide attention and coverage. It has been described as the "coming of age of the Irish trade union movement". The Irish Citizen Army was formed during the lock-out to protect striking workers from police violence. Not long after the lockout Larkin assumed direct command of the ICA, beginning the process of its reform into a revolutionary paramilitary organisation by arming them with 1991: 1847: 1129:. The impoverished Larkin family lived in the slums of Liverpool during the early years of his life. From the age of seven, he attended school in the mornings and worked in the afternoons to supplement the family income, a common arrangement in working-class families at the time. At the age of fourteen, after the death of his father, he was apprenticed to the firm his father had worked for but was dismissed after two years. He was unemployed for a time and then worked as a sailor and 2103:, declaring that they had not given the WUI proper financial support and accusing Lozovsky of intriguing against him. In September 1929, a new communist group became active in Dublin but had orders not to "disturb the big noise", with Moscow fearing that Larkin would smash its initiatives in the city, whilst also secretly still hoping that Larkin would provide the mass base it desired in Ireland. Ultimately, Larkin would neither support communist activity nor oppose his successors. 6755: 1579: 1951:. However, he soon found himself at variance with William O'Brien, who, in Larkin's absence, had become the leading figure in the ITGWU and the Irish Labour Party and Trades Union Congress. Larkin was still officially general secretary of the ITGWU. The ITGWU leaders (Thomas Foran, William O'Brien, Thomas Kennedy: all colleagues of Larkin during the Lockout) sued him. The bitterness of the court case between the former organisers of the 1913 Lockout would last over 20 years. 2199: 1892:(Comintern) who gave their 'warmest greetings to the undaunted fighter released from the "democratic" prisons'. In February of that year, Larkin had been elected to the Moscow Soviet to represent the Moscow International Communist Tailoring Factory by a union of tailors, most of them returnees to Russia from the USA. Larkin's court appeal failed and he was back in custody by 31 August, despite various plans being discussed, including a potential escape plan raised by 844: 6805: 6765: 6785: 2164:, allowing a case for damages against Germany to be reopened, presumably because of Germany's new Nazi government. During this period, he also engaged in a rapprochement with the Catholic Church, from whom he had become distant after the Church's vehement ostracisation of communism, which had followed a resurgence of Catholic social power, stemming from the centenary celebrations of Catholic emancipation in 1929, and the publishing of 6745: 1928: 1403:, was determined not to allow the ITGWU to unionise his workforce. On 15 August, he dismissed 40 workers he suspected of ITGWU membership, followed by another 300 over the next week. On 26 August 1913, the tramway workers officially went on strike. Led by Murphy, over 400 of the city's employers retaliated by requiring their workers to sign a pledge not to be a member of the ITGWU and not to engage in sympathetic strikes. 2624: 830: 2019:

with this English traitor. If they don't get rid of this scoundrel, they'll get the bullet and the bayonet in reward. There's nothing for it, but a dose of the lead which Johnson promises to those who look for work." This implied incitement to murder Johnson in a still-violent post-Civil War country resulted in the court awarding Johnson £1000 in libel damages against Larkin. In his 2006 biographical anthology,

6795: 6775: 1806: 1235:, with considerable success. His involvement, against union instructions, in a dispute in Dublin resulted in his expulsion from the NUDL. The union later prosecuted him for diverting union funds to give strike pay to Cork workers engaged in an unofficial dispute. After trial and conviction for embezzlement in 1910, he was sentenced to prison for a year. This was widely regarded as unjust, and the 1704:, which was an obsolete weapon for which no new ammunition could be procured, using this to vilify Redmond as a traitor to the Irish people and who had had no intention of arming the movement effectively for Irish independence. He also claimed that in the process of receiving and protecting the guns, 100 of his men from the ICA with no ammunition or bayonets had faced and routed 150 of the 1782:, who had recently returned from Russia, interest in the Bolsheviks was revitalised. Larkin decided to put all his efforts into reforming the SPA into a communist party. This meant that he had to turn down an offer to lead the St Lawrence Mill Strike in March 1919. The Connolly Club became the national hub of the new communist project, housing the offices of Larkin's SPA faction's 2114:. The Soviets, for their part, had been increasingly impatient with what they saw as his ineffective leadership. From the early 1930s, Larkin drew away from the Soviet Union entirely. In the 1932 general election, he stood, without success, as a communist and, in 1933 and subsequently, he ran as "Independent Labour". The reasons for the eventual collapse in relations between the 1790:. In June 1919, Larkin topped the polls for elections to the national left-wing council. He supported the view that the left of the SPA should attempt to take control at its national convention in August. A minority faction favoured the immediate creation of a new communist party and left in protest. Larkin, along with numerous other sympathisers of the 2079:. Here he departed from his usual subject matter. His public speeches in Russia were usually and almost exclusively centred on the need for trade union solidarity and largely avoided comment on communist politics. However, he now delivered a lecture on "Ireland, trade unions and the peasantry" at the Moscow Soviet, and asked the audience to support 1657: 1287:, as a pro-labour alternative to the capitalist-owned press. This organ was characterised by a campaigning approach and the denunciation of unfair employers and of Larkin's political enemies. Its columns also included pieces by intellectuals. The paper was produced until its suppression by the authorities in 1915. Afterwards, the 2186:

played a leading role in the unsuccessful campaign against the bill. After its passage into law, he and his supporters successfully applied for admission to the Labour Party, where they were now regarded with more sympathy by many members. In response, O'Brien disaffiliated the ITGWU from the party, forming the rival

1825:. Larkin was released on 20 November, after $ 15,000 bail was paid, of which John Devoy paid $ 5,000. He resumed his political activities but was under no illusion of what was to come, expecting to be handed a lengthy jail sentence. New York State Prosecutor Alexander Rourke took advantage of a query from 2018:

who was now leader of the Labour Party and who like Larkin, was Liverpool-born. Johnson had been born to English parents but had spent much of his life in Ireland. Larkin, although born to Irish parents, had spent as long in the US as he had in Ireland. Larkin said that it was "time that Labour dealt

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for a deportation order, which was granted, he was arrested and charged with being an alien activist. He was then taken to the British consulate where he was given a passport to travel by ship first to the United Kingdom and then to Ireland. Although Larkin had hoped to have been allowed to travel to

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managed to gain an interview with Larkin whilst he was incarcerated there, and the reported deterioration of Larkin's condition led to international protests which ultimately resulted in him moving back to Sing Sing later that year. Whilst at Sing Sing, Larkin was supplied with books and the means to

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Exhausted by the demands of organising union work, Larkin fell into bouts of depression, took a declining interest in the now crippled ITGWU, and became increasingly difficult to work with. Speculation had risen during the lock-out that he was planning to leave for America. A speaking tour of the New

2552:... He talked to the workers, spoke as only Jim Larkin could speak, not for an assignation with peace, dark obedience, or placid resignation, but trumpet-tongued of resistance to wrong, discontent with leering poverty, and defiance of any power strutting out to stand in the way of their march onward. 2243:

There is no antagonism between the Cross and socialism! A man can pray to Jesus the Carpenter, and be a better socialist for it. Rightly understood, there is no conflict between the vision of Marx and the vision of Christ. I stand by the Cross and I stand by Karl Marx. Both Capital and the Bible are

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ideology was also largely out of place in a Leninist context, eventually being regarded by Comintern as a "first generation communist leader" whose ideology had been formed during the period prior to 1914. It is also claimed that he had, by this time, fallen into a degenerated state of egomania, was

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Relations between Larkin and Moscow would ultimately continue to strain, despite occasional apparent promise, and, in the time building up to the 1930s, the final break was fast approaching. In 1929, in a letter to Moscow, Larkin announced his retirement from active political work. However, he asked

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who, whilst noting his apparent appreciation of his conditions, also sensed his fretfulness at being cut off from politics. On 6 May 1922, Larkin was released before being rearrested shortly afterwards for another charge of criminal anarchy and served with a deportation warrant. Larkin appealed and,

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Larkin arrived in New York on 5 November 1914. Following his arrival there were positive initial prospects. The lock-out had been widely reported in America and he was well received by socialists there. He found support from both socialists and Irish-Americans, who were eager to hear his position on

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in November 1913 and the following month. The growing speculation prompted the New York Times to publish an editorial simply titled 'Larkin is coming'. This dismayed colleagues in the ITGWU and Larkin felt obliged to deny that he was planning on running away. However, noting the effect of the strain

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The lock-out eventually concluded in early 1914 when calls by Connolly and Larkin for a sympathetic strike in Britain were rejected by the British TUC. Larkin's attacks on the TUC leadership for this stance also led to the cessation of financial aid to the ITGWU, which in any case was not affiliated

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Following this, Larkin briefly worked with the IWW in San Francisco, before settling in New York and becoming involved with the Socialist Party of America again. He took advantage of the growing support for left-wing politics, and also of the increasing support for Irish republicanism amongst Irish

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and smuggled into Ireland at Howth in July 1914. A written constitution was established stating the Army's principles as follows: "the ownership of Ireland, moral and material, is vested of right in the people of Ireland" and to "sink all difference of birth property and creed under the common name

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on 28 August, and he was released on bail later that day. Connolly told the authorities "I do not recognise the English government in Ireland at all. I do not even recognise the King except when I am compelled to do so." On 30 August, a warrant for Larkin's arrest was put out, claiming he had again

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published the names and addresses of men and women who attempted to send their children out of the city to be cared for in foster homes in Belfast and Britain. However, Larkin never resorted to violence. He knew it would play into the hands of the anti-union companies, and that he could not build a

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to Ireland to establish a communist party in co-operation with Larkin. A formal founding conference of the Irish Worker League, which was to take up this role, was set for May 1925. A fiasco ensued when the organisers discovered at the last minute that Larkin did not intend to attend. Feeling that

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wrote to Larkin on 3 February to express their 'great joy' at his release and to extend an invitation to visit Soviet Russia at his earliest opportunity, to 'discuss a number of burning questions affecting the international revolutionary movement'. Larkin made a number of financial requests to the

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In a speech to Clan na Gael in November 1914, Larkin promoted his Irish Republican ideals stating 'I assure you that the workers of Ireland are on the side of the dear, dark-haired mother, whose call they never failed to answer yet ... again will the call ring out over hill and dale to the men who

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When the position of the workers in Dublin was taken into consideration, was it any wonder that there was necessity for a Larkin to arise, and if there was one thing more than another in my life of which I will always be proud it was the part I have taken in rescuing the workers of Dublin from the

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arose again. That being the hyperfocus on union activity, with political mobilisation an after thought, the Labour Party had suffered from this diversion of attention and so consequently did the IWL. Larkin had advocated revolutionary socialism. However, neither Larkin nor Connolly had focused on

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to the position of Governor of New York in November 1922 represented a change in circumstances and was also a clear indication that the Red Scare had largely abated. Smith granted Larkin a pardon hearing which was set for January 1923, the pardon was granted and he was released from prison. Foran

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Divisions began to appear, however, largely stemming from his anti-capitalist socialist ideals and pro-worker ideology, which were fundamentally at odds with many of the views of those in the clan and the Irish-America movement. Larkin's religious ideals were also at odds with the largely secular

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In 1941, a new trade union bill was published by the Government. Inspired by an internal trade union restructuring proposal by William O'Brien, it was viewed as a threat by the smaller general unions and the Irish branches of British unions (known as the "amalgamated unions"). Larkin and the WUI

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paper. One told of a "Jewess" (female Jew) who was demanding back the price of her pushy son's theatre ticket when, rushing to get the best seat in the house, he fell to his death from a balcony. He soon republished the same caricature. Larkin ran a cartoon aimed at a particular group of Jewish

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to join a two-man mission to raise funds for the Labour Party, replying that if he went he would be 'going alone and freelance'. His intention was to agitate in America rather than organise, but it is unclear whether he intended to return. Larkin set sail for America on 25 October 1914, leaving

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Larkin, however, had first-hand knowledge of German sabotage operations, supplied them with intelligence and contacts and was involved in the transfer of monies from the Germans to Irish Republican causes. He maintained communication with his German contacts. However, they began to tire of his

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With Soviet support, Larkin sought to remove British unions from Ireland, seeing them as 'outposts of British imperialism'. It was also agreed that Irish sections of the communist movement would deal directly with Moscow and would have permanent representation there, rather than going through

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In late 1946, Larkin fell through a floor whilst supervising repairs to the Worker's Union of Ireland's Thomas Ashe Hall in Dublin. He suffered serious internal injuries and was rushed to hospital. He survived the accident but he never recovered from his injuries and died in his sleep in the

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Although the efforts of the ITGWU and the smaller UBLU did not succeed in securing significantly better pay and conditions for the workers, they represented a turning point in Irish labor history. The principle of union action and workers' solidarity was firmly established. Perhaps even more

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that the Irish at the Lenin School be supported, noting that James Jnr was "his own man and an earnest communist". Larkin would, in fact, continue to be politically active for all of his life and used the League as a political platform into the 1930s. He did, however, sever ties with

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Americans to gain influence amongst its ranks. Larkin was instrumental in the establishment of the New York James Connolly Socialist Club on St Patrick's Day, 1918. Whilst in America, Larkin had become an enthusiastic supporter of the Soviets and, following an address at the club by

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sings a song simply entitled "Jim Larkin" that describes the lot of the workers and their appreciation of the changes made by Larkin and Connolly. The song "The Lockout" by Joe O'Sullivan describes Larkin's organisation of workers which led to the Dublin Lockout of 1913.

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and Larkin can, to some extent, be put down to his underlying motivations. According to Emmet O'Connor, his aims were to "discredit the ITWGU, and Labour Party leadership, drive the British unions out of Ireland, and build an anti-imperialist front with republicans". His

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for his taking part in strike action in Dublin against union instructions, this new union would quickly replace the NUDL in Ireland. He later moved to Dublin which would become the headquarters of his union and the focus of his union activity, as well as where the Irish

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as to whether Larkin would be allowed to travel to South Africa to turn his allies in the Irish nationalist movement, including Devoy, against him. In reality, this request did not stem from any association with figures of authority in Britain, but rather a request by

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labour from Britain and from elsewhere in Ireland. Guinness, the largest employer in Dublin, refused the employers' call to lock out its workers but it sacked 15 workers who struck in sympathy. Dublin's workers, amongst the poorest in the whole of what was then the

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In October 1914 Larkin left Ireland and travelled to America to raise funds for the ITGWU and the ICA, leaving Connolly in charge of both organisations. During his time in America, Larkin became involved in the socialist movement there, becoming a member of the

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Larkin was said to have been born on 21 January 1876, and this was the date that he himself believed was accurate. However, it is now believed that he was actually born on 28 January 1874. He was the second eldest son of Irish emigrants, James Larkin, from

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brutalizing and degrading conditions under which they labored. We are out to break down racial and sectarian barriers. My suggestion to the employers is that if they want peace we are prepared to meet them, but if they want war, then war they will have.

1507:, pretending to be her stooped, deaf old clergyman uncle (to disguise his instantly recognisable Liverpool accent). Larkin tore off his beard inside the hotel and raced to a balcony, where he shouted his speech to the crowd below. The police – some 300 2067:. However, as a result of a libel award won against him by William O'Brien, which he had refused to pay, he was an undischarged bankrupt and could not take up his seat. Between November of that year and March 1928, six students including Larkin's son 1519:

and was handed a 7-month imprisonment. The Attorney General claimed Larkin had said: "People make kings and can unmake them. I never said 'God Save the King', but in derision. I say it now in derision." to a crowd of 8,000 people from the windows of

1376:, were the main targets of Larkin's organising ambitions. Both had craft unions for skilled workers, but Larkin's main aim was to unionise the unskilled workers as well. He coined the slogan "A fair day's work for a fair day's pay". Larkin advocated 2040:. Larkin perceived certain actions undertaken by Stewart as attempts to circumvent his authority, including sending a republican delegation to Moscow and directing £500 sent by the Russian Red Cross intended to aid the Irish famine relief effort to 1763:

Larkin testified that he himself never took part in the actual sabotage campaign but, rather, confined himself to the organising of strikes to secure both higher pay and shorter hours for workmen and to prevent the shipment of munitions to the

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Guinness staff were relatively well-paid and enjoyed generous benefits from a paternalistic management that refused to join a lockout of unionised staff by virtually all the major Dublin employers. This was far from the case on the tramways.

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noting him as 'a remarkable speaker and a man of seething energy performed miracles amongst the unskilled workers'. However other commentators have noted that Larkin was "vilified as a wrecker by former comrades", with anthologist

2262:, Fintan Larkin and Bernard Larkin. Two of whom (James Jnr and Denis) followed their father into socialist politics and trade unionism, serving in political parties and unions established by their father and serving terms in 1639:. Many in the union assumed that Larkin's trip would be a short one and that he would soon return. However, it quickly became clear that this would not be the case. Shortly before his departure, he declined a request by the 1909:

cabled Larkin to convey the ITGWU's satisfaction with the events and to seek the date of his return to Ireland. Although Larkin had his mind set on a return to Ireland, he had grander plans than a return to union work. The

1821:" that was sweeping the US and he was arrested on 7 November 1919 during a series of anti-Bolshevik raids. Larkin was charged with 'criminal anarchy' due to his part in the publishing of the SPA's 'Left-wing manifesto' in 2132:

blatantly ignored Profintern instructions and refused to honour the agreement on the withdrawal of British unions from Ireland, which resulted in Larkin directing much of his irritation on the matter towards Profintern.

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noted that his attacks on colleagues in the labour movement, including those the subject of this libel action, meant that Larkin "alienated practically all the leaders of the movement the mass of trade union members".

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who noted that he was 'diffident' and 'concerned for his family', about whom he had heard nothing since his incarceration. Chaplin sent presents to Larkin's wife Elizabeth and their children. Larkin was later moved to

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noting that some of Larkin's actions, including his attacks on others in the labour movement, meant Larkin had "alienated practically all the leaders of the movement the mass of trade union members" by the mid-1920s.

1140:. In 1905, he was one of the few foremen to take part in a strike on the Liverpool docks. He was elected to the strike committee and, although he lost his foreman's job as a result, his performance so impressed the 3127: 2976: 3065: 1594:

Not long after the lockout Jack White resigned as commander and Larkin assumed direct command of the ICA. Beginning the process of its reform into a revolutionary paramilitary organisation by arming them with

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but lost it again the following year. In that period, the Workers' Union of Ireland also entered the mainstream of the trade union movement, being admitted to the Dublin Trades Council in 1936, but the

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controlled international organisation that advocated world communism) as the Irish section of the world communist movement. The IWL enrolled 500 members on its inauguration and, following the death of

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Under Larkin's leadership, the union continued to grow, reaching approximately 20,000 members in the time leading up to the Dublin lock-out. In August 1913 during the lock-out, Larkin was described by

1156:. Larkin campaigned against Chinese immigration, presenting it as a threat that would undercut workers, leading processions in 1906 in Liverpool with fifty dockers dressed as 'Chinamen', wearing faux- 1975:

on 21 January 1924, Larkin led a march of 6,000 people to mourn his passing. In March 1924, Larkin lost his battle for control of the ITWGU and, in May, the army prevented his followers from seizing

970:, England. Growing up in poverty, he received little formal education and began working in a variety of jobs while still a child. He became a full-time trade union organiser in 1905. Larkin moved to 1392: 1177:

to organise the city's dock workers for the NUDL. He succeeded in unionising the workforce and, because employers refused to meet the wage demands, he called the dockers out on strike in June.

3157: 4991: 2006:(WUI). The new union quickly grew, gaining the allegiance of about two-thirds of the Dublin membership of the ITGWU and of a smaller number of rural members. It was affiliated to the Soviet 3594: 3849: 1947:

Upon his return to Ireland in April 1923, Larkin received a hero's welcome and immediately set about touring the country, meeting trade union members and appealing for an end to the

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immigrants which were described as "foreigners masquerading under Irish names". The cartoon used stereotypical physical characteristics, as well as mock-immigrant pronunciation and

2298:. Larkin separated from his wife Elizabeth, and did not live with her again following his return from America, although her death in 1945 is said to have affected him a great deal. 1278:

split along sectarian lines. Early in the new year, 1909, Larkin moved to Dublin, which became the main base of the ITGWU and the focus of all his future union activity in Ireland.

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to strike at one point, but the strike ended by November without having achieved significant success. Tensions regarding leadership arose between Larkin and NUDL general secretary

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in 1923 and later deported. Larkin then returned to Ireland where he again became involved in Irish socialism and politics, both in the Labour Party and then his newly formed

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the World War which was by now raging throughout Europe. Opposition to the war was intended to be his main position whilst in America. Upon presenting his credentials to the

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Larkin giving a speech on O'Connell Street shortly after his return from America - This photograph was later the basis for a statue of Larkin on the same street (see below)

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of that year. As a result of this exodus, two new parties were formed from the ranks of the SPA's communist former members, namely the American Communist Party and the

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as well as denouncing the CPGB's refusal to back the removal of British unions from Ireland and their record on trade unions in general. Before leaving, Larkin warned

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For seven months, the lockout affected tens of thousands of Dublin workers and employers, with Larkin portrayed as the villain by Murphy's three main newspapers, the

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of the ITGWU and numerous legal challenges. Larkin decided to bide his time. During this time it was also arranged for Larkin's son, James, to visit him in prison.

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during the Dublin carter's strike described Larkin as an "Englishman importing foreign political disruption into this country and putting native industry at risk".

1205:. The latter's handling of negotiations and agreement to a disastrous settlement for the last of the strikers resulted in a lasting rift between Sexton and Larkin. 1558:

The violence at union rallies during the strike prompted Larkin to call for a workers' militia to be formed to protect themselves against the police, so Larkin,

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Germany, Austria and Russia on business matters, this request was denied. On 21 April, he boarded a ship bound for Southampton and left America for good.

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Sources differ on Larkin's date of birth. Nevin (2006) notes that "Larkin believed his birthday was 21 January 1876; in fact it was 28 January 1874"

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and denouncing what he claimed was communist influence in Labour. Larkin later served as a Labour Party deputy in Dáil Éireann from 1943 to 1944.

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Dennison, SR; McDonagh, Oliver (1998). "Chapter 8, "The employees; work and welfare 1886–1914" and chapter 9, "Industrial Relations 1886–1914"".

3845: 2463:, and unveiled in 1979, the inscription on the front of the monument is an extract in French, Irish and English from one of his famous speeches: 1677:(the leading Irish republican supporting organisation in America), his services were quickly taken up by both and he also became involved in the 6533: 6260: 4033: 3986: 1591:

importantly, Larkin's rhetoric condemning poverty and injustice and urging the oppressed to stand up for themselves left a lasting impression.

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been seditious and had incited people to riot and to pillage shops. When a meeting called by Larkin for Sunday 31 August 1913 was proscribed,

6540: 4146: 2219:, who had visited him in the hospital before he died, and thousands lined the streets of the city as the hearse passed through on the way to 1959:

Larkin agreed with British and Soviet communists to take on the leadership of communism in Ireland and, in September 1923, Larkin formed the

1325:

as a 'talented leader' as well as 'a remarkable speaker and a man of seething energy has performed miracles amongst the unskilled workers'.

1251: 1214: 979: 928: 875: 605: 3317:

Gitlow B. The Whole of their lives: Communism in America, A Personal History and Intimate Portrayal of its Leaders. Belmont, MA. 1965 p38-41

6963: 1416: 2275: 6848: 3797: 1802:. Favouring the latter, as he believed it to be more 'American' (something which he believed was crucial), Larkin joined their ranks. 1072:

gave his funeral mass, and the ICA in its last public appearance escorted his funeral procession through Dublin to his burial site at

6472: 6460: 1144:(NUDL) that he was appointed a temporary organiser. He later gained a permanent position with the union, which, in 1906, sent him to 537: 525: 3179: 4672: 5020: 5004: 4660: 4656: 102: 6958: 6528: 6516: 2605: 1866:

write and communicate with the outside world. Keeping a keen eye on Irish affairs, Larkin sent a 'thunderous denunciation of the

1487:

formed the Industrial Peace Committee to attempt to negotiate between employers and workers; the employers refused to meet them.

593: 581: 5628: 2746: 2095:(General Secretary of Profintern) that the WUI executive wanted to break with Profintern unless their promises were made good. 2036:

the proposed party could not succeed without him, they called the conference off as it was due to start in a packed room in the

6838: 3511: 1720:

of 1917. This perceived association with German agents further distanced him from American socialists, and his reputation as a

1697: 1318:. He did not hold his seat long, as a month later he was removed because he had a criminal record from his conviction in 1910. 1014:. Larkin then became involved in the early communist movement in America, and he was later jailed in 1920 in the midst of the 6552: 6302: 5683: 4097: 3943: 3689: 3662: 2052: 1861:

prison (Dannemora) after only one month at Sing Sing. This move was in order to discourage visitation. A journalist from the

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Larkin's speeches in support of the Soviets, his association with founding members of both the American Communist Party and

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on 30 January 1947. Fr Aloysius Travers, OFM (who had administered last rites to James Connolly in 1916) also administered

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While most of his sentence was served at Sing Sing, Larkin also spent time in other prisons in America, briefly moving to

978:. Larkin later moved south and organised workers in Dublin, Cork and Waterford, with considerable success. He founded the 6943: 6918: 6883: 6873: 5710: 4894: 4166: 4156: 3770: 2128:

frequently attempted to circumvent him in liaising with the IRA and the Worker's Party behind his back. Additionally its

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The resulting industrial dispute was the most severe in Ireland's history. Employers in Dublin engaged in a sympathetic

1380:, which was a revolutionary brand of socialism. Larkin gained few supporters from within, particularly from the British 126: 6913: 6048: 5030: 4726: 2007: 1876: 1149: 1042: 2435: 1181:

was soon joined by carters and coalmen, the latter settling their dispute after a month. With active support from the

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In January 1907, Larkin undertook his first task on behalf of the trade union movement in Ireland, when he arrived in

1091:

describing him as a "man of genius, of splendid vitality, great in his conceptions, magnificent in his courage", and

5801: 5736: 4671:

Note that the boundaries of Dublin North from 1981–2016 share no common territory with the 1923–1937 boundaries. See

4184: 4050: 4008: 3757: 3728: 3249: 2934: 2015: 868: 5433: 5026: 2952: 2414:, in their song "The Day They Set Jim Larkin Free". Donagh MacDonagh's "The Ballad of James Larkin" was recorded by 516: 6598: 6444: 6102: 6090: 6080: 5761: 5415: 5233: 4929: 2490: 2125: 2084: 2028: 1915: 1814: 1799: 1705: 1141: 983: 671: 501: 4304: 6888: 6878: 6546: 6522: 6478: 6157: 6033: 5826: 5751: 5650: 4885: 3998: 2187: 1725: 1678: 1208: 611: 587: 543: 4851: 4801: 5947: 4388: 4300: 4225: 2969:"William P. Partridge Local Councillor and Citizen Army Captain-Hugh Geraghty | Lough Gara Lakes & Legends" 2909: 2239:

throughout his life, and asserted there was no inherent conflict between his religious views and his politics:

2063:

and, in circumstances that surprised many, was elected, becoming the first and only communist to be elected to

2002:(and apparently against his instructions), his brother Peter took his supporters out of the ITGWU, forming the 1499:

and her husband Casimir disguised Larkin in Casimir's frock coat and trousers and stage makeup and beard, and

6953: 5952: 4969: 4475: 3533: 3398: 2769: 2707: 2295: 1858: 1373: 20: 3474: 6843: 6502: 6239: 4717: 4546: 4449: 4199: 2003: 1983:. The League's most prominent activity in its first year was to raise funds for imprisoned members of the 1685: 1563: 1434: 1038: 932: 861: 567: 3718: 2075:. In February 1928, Larkin made what would be his penultimate visit to Moscow for the ninth plenum of the 1769:

refusals to cooperate with violence and broke contact with him after a rendezvous in Mexico City in 1917.

1735:

Aftermath of the Black Tom explosion, which Larkin was initially thought to have had some involvement with

6908: 6437: 6212: 5927: 4235: 4174: 2837: 2609: 2593: 2174: 2169: 1935:

was recognised as The Communist International's (Comintern) Ireland affiliate, and he was elected to the

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from 1943 to 1944, leaving Dáil Éireann for the last time in 1944, and dying in Dublin in 1947. Catholic

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was to finance his new trade union, and thus many of the same issues that had arisen from his time with

1648:

in charge of the ITGWU and the ICA, the latter of which he would soon utilise as a revolutionary force.

1582:

Jim Larkin with Company A of the ICA outside of Croydon House - the Mauser rifles from Howth are visible

974:

in 1907, where he was involved in trade unionism and syndicalist strike action including organising the

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Delegated to the "New World". 18th–19th - Century History, Features, Issue 4 (Winter 1999), Volume 7

2168:

in 1931. In 1936, he regained his seat on Dublin Corporation. He then regained his Dáil seat at the

1546: 1356:

In early 1913, Larkin achieved some successes in industrial disputes in Dublin and, notably, in the

6863: 2051:

to operate as a political party or risk losing affiliation, Larkin fielded three candidates at the

1508: 1198: 1182: 1137: 975: 201: 6778: 6692: 6265: 6142: 5932: 5907: 5861: 5756: 5326: 2629: 2361: 2032: 1922: 1889: 1186: 1084: 834: 771: 6697: 6496: 6412: 6192: 5806: 5673: 4578: 2365: 1779: 1504: 1411: 1357: 1307: 1133:. By 1903, he was a dock foreman, and on 8 September of that year, he married Elizabeth Brown. 988: 908: 776: 561: 469: 206: 3565:"James Larkin and the British, American and Irish Free State Intelligence Services: 1914-1924" 3241: 3235: 1612: 1209:

Formation of Irish Transport and General Workers' Union and founding of the Irish Labour Party

6727: 6717: 6508: 2037: 1740: 1607: 1420: 1400: 806: 796: 573: 6638: 4502: 4424: 3208:

James Connolly : a biography. Levenson S. London : Quartet Books, 1977. pp 237-8.

709: 6833: 6828: 6808: 6453: 6391: 6288: 5562: 5442: 2569: 2310:

have been levelled at Larkin, and he has been accused of running antisemitic verses in the

2287: 2216: 2106:

Larkin's unsuccessful attempts to gain a position as a commercial agent in Ireland for the

1880: 1870:' to Dublin on 10 December 1921. Larkin's most famous visitor whilst he was imprisoned was 1809:

Jim Larkin at his 8 November 1919 booking for "criminal anarchism" in the state of New York

1496: 1460: 1381: 1069: 442: 347: 2612:, whose full name was James Larkin Jones, was named in honour of his fellow Liverpudlian. 1684:

Within days of arriving in the country, he addressed a crowd of 15,000 people gathered at

1399:

The chairman of the Dublin United Tramway Company, industrialist and newspaper proprietor

8: 6573: 6558: 6381: 6366: 6337: 6202: 5741: 3895:

Transactions of the Institution of Civil Engineers of Ireland, Volume 80 (1953), page 115

2456: 2232: 2157: 1960: 1954: 1932: 1794:, was expelled from the Socialist Party of America at its national convention during the 1748: 1126: 1109: 1080: 1027: 920: 900: 646: 623: 432: 417: 390: 216: 1979:. In June 1924, Larkin attended the Comintern congress in Moscow and was elected to its 994:

Larkin is perhaps best known for his role in organising the 1913 strike that led to the

6648: 6603: 6097: 5988: 5983: 4903: 4027: 3980: 3633: 2498: 2220: 1867: 1717: 1567: 1541: 1407: 1384:

who did not want strike action such as the lock-out to lead to a growth in radicalism.

1361: 1315: 1218: 1073: 944: 719: 676: 312: 294: 182: 2545: 2369: 6623: 6583: 6386: 6371: 6342: 6120: 5937: 5016: 4604: 4433: 4290: 4093: 4046: 4004: 3939: 3824:"Révolutions de Paris : dédiées à la nation et au district des Petits Augustins" 3753: 3724: 3685: 3658: 3637: 3245: 3122: 2930: 2905: 2502: 2349: 2283: 2263: 2165: 2088: 2064: 1428: 1157: 1062: 696: 656: 437: 422: 395: 39: 6167: 5917: 3503: 1656: 6798: 6758: 6748: 6702: 6417: 6332: 6182: 5967: 5957: 5594: 4209: 3774: 3625: 2517: 2447: 2399: 2353: 2345: 2267: 2255: 2092: 2068: 2056: 1885: 1600: 1484: 1283: 1050: 1003: 781: 474: 385: 256: 6613: 6578: 6152: 2738: 2702: 2691:

O'Connor 2010, pp. 194–196, 199, 202–204, 213, Darlington 2008, p. 76.

2489:, founded by James Connolly in Dublin in August 1898. Originally the organ of the 1990: 686: 651: 6788: 6722: 6643: 6327: 5485: 5459: 5424: 5250: 5123: 4511: 4415: 3823: 2956: 2512:

On the west side of the base of the Larkin monument is a quotation from the poem

2411: 2215:

to Larkin. His funeral mass was celebrated by the Catholic Archbishop of Dublin,

2212: 2152:

Larkin had a protracted and intense feud with William O'Brien during this period.

2041: 1984: 1948: 1871: 1831: 1818: 1391: 1258:(SIPTU). It quickly gained the affiliation of the NUDL branches in Dublin, Cork, 1244: 1015: 995: 948: 848: 801: 714: 380: 331: 6618: 5775: 5000: 4397: 4274: 2148: 1136:

From 1893, Larkin developed an interest in socialism and became a member of the

1058: 1046: 691: 58: 6663: 6633: 6593: 6588: 6422: 6187: 6137: 5892: 5856: 5816: 5811: 5700: 5527: 5335: 5276: 4818: 4630: 4379: 2373: 2208: 2161: 2141: 1972: 1846: 1645: 1559: 1500: 1456: 1448: 1440: 1419:, were forced to survive on generous but inadequate donations from the British 1334: 1322: 1299: 1092: 1088: 1018:

after being found guilty of "criminal anarchy". He then spent several years in

912: 734: 704: 666: 661: 479: 320: 4999: 2460: 2440: 1923:

Return to Ireland - communist activity and split in Irish trade union movement

1079:

Larkin was respected by commentators both during and after his lifetime, with

6822: 6658: 6653: 6075: 5882: 5846: 5821: 5267: 5090: 4613: 4528: 4484: 4458: 4406: 4073:

O'Connor, Emmet (April 2002a). "James Larkin in the United States, 1914—23".

4000:

James Larkin: Lion of the Fold: The Life and Works of the Irish Labour Leader

3629: 2927:

Dissenting Voices: Rediscovering the Irish Progressive Presbyterian Tradition

2577: 2419: 2415: 2378: 2341: 1862: 1826: 1596: 1031: 999: 952: 729: 724: 316: 3973:

Communism in Modern Ireland: The Pursuit of the Workers' Republic since 1916

2556:

A life-sized statue of Larkin is located in Donegall Street Place, Belfast.

6754: 6712: 6608: 6427: 6058: 6053: 5887: 5841: 5836: 5553: 5502: 5309: 5292: 5217: 5200: 5183: 5157: 4920: 4835: 4775: 4639: 4562: 4493: 4060:

O'Connor, E (1999). "Jim Larkin and the Communist Internationals, 1923-9".

3231: 2581: 2423: 2307: 2291: 2279: 2259: 2137: 2115: 2107: 2080: 1976: 1968: 1893: 1701: 1693: 1674: 1636: 1631: 1617: 1578: 1551: 1521: 1202: 1054: 791: 681: 484: 270: 260: 3271:

The Gaelic American - Vol. XI, No. 47, 21 November 1914, Whole Number 584.

2497:, which was founded in 1921. The original slogan is usually attributed to 2468:

Les grands ne sont grands que parce que nous sommes à genoux: Levons-nous.

2198: 2087:

should adopt a hostile rather than fraternal attitude towards the British

1608:

In the US - Socialist, Irish Republican and Communist activism (1914–1923)

1254:(ITGWU) at the end of December 1908. The organisation exists today as the 6687: 6466: 6432: 6396: 6312: 6131: 5962: 5902: 5897: 5866: 5851: 5831: 5468: 5174: 5081: 4868: 4595: 4370: 4273: 3994: 3744: 3681:

Betraying the age: social and artistic protest in Brendan Kennelly's work

3283:

The Gaelic American - Vol. XI, No. 49, 5 December 1914, Whole Number 586.

3113: 2949: 2383: 2324: 2120: 2020: 1744: 1721: 1464: 1377: 1243:, pardoned him after he had served three months in prison. Also in 1908, 1228: 1097: 956: 766: 531: 489: 447: 355: 6784: 3180:"Jim Larkin found guilty of seditious utterances | Century Ireland" 1772: 1728:

was looked down on by the right wing of the Socialist Party of America.

1651: 843: 6376: 6177: 4938: 3871: 2357: 2100: 1998:

During Larkin's absence from Ireland at the 1924 Comintern Congress in

1791: 1670: 1660:

Larkin joined the Socialist Party of America shortly after his arrival.

1480: 1410:

of their workers when the latter refused to sign the pledge, employing

1395:

William Martin Murphy - The central opposing figure during the lock-out

1190: 1108:'s collective memory and streetscape, with a statue of him unveiled on 427: 1955:

Formation of the Irish Worker League and involvement with Soviet Union

1503:, who was unknown to the police, led him into William Martin Murphy's 927:

as the Irish section of the world communist movement), as well as the

6732: 6677: 6086: 4792: 4735: 2890:

East Wind: China and the British Left, 1925-1976 (Oxford, 2012), p.18

2573: 2249:

Larkin speaking at the New Star Casino, New York City on 17 Jan 1915.

2111: 2048: 1964: 1940: 1910: 1850: 1835: 1795: 1752: 1232: 1130: 1122: 1019: 967: 924: 904: 811: 756: 154: 3587:"An Irishman's Diary on anti-Semitic prejudice in Edwardian Ireland" 2223:, escorted by the Irish Citizen Army in its last public appearance. 6682: 6147: 3150:"Today in Irish History – August 31, 1913 – Labour's Bloody Sunday" 2254:

Larkin was married to Elizabeth Brown, with whom he had four sons;

2236: 1905: 1516: 1491: 1369: 1271: 1194: 1145: 1023: 761: 6744: 2319:, said to be regarded as a derogatory nickname for Jews. Larkin's 1189:, urging the "unity of all Irishmen", Larkin succeeded in uniting 6707: 6405: 2869:

Lenin, V I. Class war in Dublin. Severnaya Pravda. 29 August 1913

2505:; but it appears, only slightly modified, in an essay written by 1927: 1476:

mass trade union by wrecking the firms where his members worked.

1365: 1275: 1259: 1174: 1153: 971: 963: 786: 3452:

The enemy within; the inside story of German sabotage in America

3296:

The enemy within; the inside story of German sabotage in America

2481:

The slogan, first used on the 18th-century French radical paper

2477:

The great appear great because we are on our knees: Let us rise.

2136:

One of Larkin's primary ambitions from his association with the

1747:. In 1937, he voluntarily assisted US lawyers investigating the 1467:

supported the workers in the generally anti-Larkin Irish press.

1351: 1022:, before he was eventually pardoned by the Governor of New York 907:

and trade union leader. He was one of the founders of the Irish

5642: 3118:"The union cult of Larkin is built on factually baseless myths" 2580:, is called James Larkin Way. James Larkin House, flats in the 2565: 1999: 1899: 1224: 1163: 1105: 171: 6794: 6774: 6280: 3058:"What our history really has to teach us about Big Jim Larkin" 2623: 2410:

James Larkin was memorialised by the New York Irish rock band

1805: 1471:

published the names and addresses of strike-breakers, and the

1339: 1030:. Connolly by this time had been executed for his part in the 829: 3034: 3032: 3030: 3028: 3026: 3024: 3022: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3014: 1267: 1263: 1255: 1034:

and Larkin mourned the passing of his friend and colleague.

936: 281:

Docker, Labour leader, Socialist activist, Trade union leader

3698: 3616:

Kenny, Colum (2017). "James Larkin and the Jew's Shilling".

3368: 3366: 3364: 3362: 3360: 3358: 3356: 3354: 3352: 3089: 3012: 3010: 3008: 3006: 3004: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2996: 2994: 2827:

Charles Townshend, "Easter 1916: The Irish Rebellion", p.93.

2540:

On the east side of the monument, there is a quotation from

3350: 3348: 3346: 3344: 3342: 3340: 3338: 3336: 3334: 3332: 1620:, who first suggested a tour of the United States to Larkin 3221:, Irish Academic Press, Dublin, p. 366, ISBN 0-7165-2674-3 1045:(Profintern) soon after its formation. Larkin served as a 947:(ICA; a paramilitary group which was integral to both the 939:, Ireland's largest trade union). Along with Connolly and 2991: 2493:, this periodical later became the official organ of the 2294:

was also a prominent trade unionist and a founder of the

2044:

a left-wing British Labour M.P., rather than to the WUI.

1817:, and his radical publications made him a target of the " 3329: 3224: 2929:. Belfast: Ulster Historical Society. pp. 286–287. 2872: 2451:

Statue of James Larkin with the GPO on left. Easter 2016

2282:

represented one of his fathers' previous constituencies

2177:

would not accept its membership application until 1945.

1423:(TUC) and sources in Ireland, distributed by the ITGWU. 891:(28 January 1874 – 30 January 1947), sometimes known as 3439:

Allen K. The fiery cross of Larkinism. Socialist Worker

2568:, north Dublin, is named after him. A road in L4 1YQ, 2398:, in which Larkin was portrayed by British-Irish actor 1037:

After he lost control of the ITGWU, Larkin formed the

1879:, a comfortable, open prison, where he was visited by 1535: 1256:

Services Industrial Professional & Technical Union

1250:

After his expulsion from the NUDL, Larkin founded the

1160:

and wearing powder to provide a 'yellow countenance'.

1652:

Arriving in America - activism and links to espionage

1223:

In 1908, Larkin moved south and organised workers in

5576: 5341: 5105: 4741: 2619: 2439:

Statue of James Larkin on O'Connell Street, Dublin (

2156:

In 1934, Larkin gave important evidence on the 1916

1853:, the prison where Larkin spent most of his sentence 6491:

Confederation of Revolutionary Anarcho-Syndicalists

3108: 3106: 3104: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2660: 2658: 2472:

Ní uasal aon uasal ach sinne bheith íseal: Éirímis.

2014:Britain. Larkin later launched a vicious attack on 1104:"Big Jim" Larkin continues to occupy a position in 1087:", his friend and colleague in the labour movement 556:

Confederation of Revolutionary Anarcho-Syndicalists

6859:Executive Committee of the Communist International 3907:Leaders: Conversations with Irish Chief Executives 3684:. Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis. p. 204. 3051: 3049: 3047: 2904:. London: Lawrence and Wishart. pp. 103–104. 2077:Executive Committee of the Communist International 1444:, and by other bourgeois publications in Ireland. 16:Irish socialist and trade union leader (1874–1947) 3455:. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. pp. 276–278 2823: 2821: 2372:; and he is a heroic figure in the background of 1274:NUDL branches stayed with the British union, and 1006:and smuggled into Ireland at Howth in July 1914. 6820: 6245:Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats 3933: 3101: 3095: 2655: 2587: 2533:And Nineteen Thirteen cheered from out the utter 2110:may have contributed to his disenchantment with 1739:Larkin was reported as having helped to disrupt 3086:O’Connor E. A labour history of Ireland, p. 86. 3044: 2083:. He also endorsed the Comintern line that the 2059:, and WUI President John Lawlor. Larkin ran in 1963:(IWL), which was soon afterwards recognised by 1083:describing him as the "greatest Irishman since 923:(a communist party which was recognised by the 2818: 2301: 1884:during his time out of jail, he was cabled by 1281:In June 1911, Larkin established a newspaper, 1061:. Jim Larkin served as Labour Party deputy in 1049:(TD) on three occasions, and two of his sons ( 6296: 5658: 4985: 4259: 4085: 4072: 3964:James Larkin, Irish labour leader 1876 – 1947 3704: 3435: 3433: 3391: 3038: 2360:; his character has been central in plays by 2226: 1352:Build up to the lock-out, and its proceedings 1148:, where he successfully organised workers in 869: 6949:Recipients of American gubernatorial pardons 4059: 4040: 3651:Mikhail, E. H. (1979). E. H. Mikhail (ed.). 3498: 3496: 3372: 3299:. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. p. 276 3279: 3277: 3267: 3265: 3263: 3261: 3055: 2878: 2865: 2863: 2525:And Tyranny trampled them in Dublin's gutter 1900:Release and departure from the United States 1743:munitions shipments in New York City during 1447:Other leaders in the ITGWU at the time were 1368:(boycotting) of goods. Two major employers, 1164:Organising Irish labour movement (1907–1914) 4121:. Dublin City Council. 2003. Archived from 3386:Greater son: James Larkin Junior, 1904-1969 2733: 2731: 2729: 2727: 2725: 1773:Communism and arrest for "criminal anarchy" 6541:Irish Transport and General Workers' Union 6303: 6289: 5665: 5651: 4992: 4978: 4266: 4252: 4147:Irish Transport and General Workers' Union 4118:History of Monuments O'Connell Street Area 4032:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3985:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3430: 1347:break up a union rally during the lock-out 1252:Irish Transport and General Workers' Union 1215:Irish Transport and General Workers' Union 980:Irish Transport and General Workers' Union 929:Irish Transport and General Workers' Union 876: 862: 606:Irish Transport and General Workers' Union 38: 3821: 3771:"The trouble With a name like O'Toole..." 3493: 3274: 3258: 2860: 2529:The call of Freedom and the call of Pride 2509:(1530–1563) and first published in 1576. 2202:Larkin's gravestone in Glasnevin Cemetery 2180: 19:For other people named James Larkin, see 3716: 2924: 2918: 2899: 2893: 2722: 2700: 2531:And Slavery crept to its hands and knees 2446: 2434: 2340:Larkin has been the subject of poems by 2323:has been provided as another example by 2197: 2147: 1989: 1926: 1845: 1804: 1730: 1655: 1611: 1577: 1545: 1390: 1338: 6869:Industrial Workers of the World members 3970: 3952: 3768: 3743: 3677: 3650: 2485:, also appeared on the masthead of the 2396:television mini-series of the same name 1328: 935:(the two unions later merged to become 243: 1903; died 1945) 6939:People deported from the United States 6821: 6559:Sveriges Arbetares Centralorganisation 6473:Argentine Regional Workers' Federation 6461:International Workingmen's Association 4106: 3961: 3448: 3326:Comintern to Larkin, 23 February 1923. 3292: 2559: 2455:Today a statue of "Big Jim" stands on 1755:from his home in Dublin. According to 1698:United States House of Representatives 1630:World had been suggested to Larkin by 1573: 1360:; these involved frequent recourse to 1284:The Irish Worker and People's Advocate 1168: 955:). Larkin was a leading figure in the 624:Sveriges Arbetares Centralorganisation 538:Argentine Regional Workers' Federation 526:International Workingmen's Association 6284: 5646: 5021:Dublin North-East (Dáil constituency) 4973: 4247: 4017: 3993: 3904: 3615: 3597:from the original on 11 November 2020 3481:from the original on 25 November 2009 3230: 3112: 2767: 2670: 2527:Until Jim Larkin came along and cried 2053:September 1927 Irish general election 1624: 1314:. Later that year, he was elected to 1197:workers and even persuaded the local 3924: 3409:from the original on 7 November 2018 3240:. Suffolk: Collins/Fontana. p. 3190:from the original on 6 December 2020 2749:from the original on 11 January 2012 2606:Transport and General Workers' Union 2027:In January 1925, the Comintern sent 1550:Members of the ICA outside of their 1490:Larkin and others were arrested for 962:Larkin was born to Irish parents in 4045:. University College Dublin Press. 3514:from the original on 4 October 2013 3056:O'Connor, Jack (21 February 2013). 2290:from 1955 to 1956. Larkin's sister 1536:Formation of the Irish Citizen Army 13: 6964:Trade unionists from Dublin (city) 6485:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo 4068:(123). Cambridge University Press. 3927:The Rise of the Irish Trade Unions 3160:from the original on 29 March 2016 2902:Belfast, From Loyalty to Rebellion 2848:from the original on 23 March 2018 2694: 2071:were sent to Moscow to attend the 2008:Red International of Labour Unions 1043:Red International of Labour Unions 550:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo 14: 6975: 6849:Catholicism and far-left politics 5737:Irish Land and Labour Association 3852:from the original on 4 March 2014 3769:Summers, Sue (11 February 1980). 3618:Irish Economic and Social History 3584: 3562: 3544:from the original on 3 March 2016 2979:from the original on 3 April 2016 2806:from the original on 6 March 2021 2802:. Vol. 9, no. 2. 2001. 2776:from the original on 3 March 2016 2592:To celebrate Liverpool's year as 2330: 1841: 1298:In May 1912, in partnership with 1041:(WUI). The WUI was affiliated to 6804: 6803: 6793: 6783: 6773: 6764: 6763: 6753: 6743: 6351: 5774: 5672: 4295:Dublin North (Dáil constituency) 4043:Big Jim Larkin: Hero or Wrecker? 3723:. Delacorte Press. p. 132. 3130:from the original on 6 July 2014 3068:from the original on 6 July 2014 2622: 2491:Irish Socialist Republican Party 2286:and also later served a term as 2126:Communist Party of Great Britain 2085:Communist Party of Great Britain 2029:Communist Party of Great Britain 1815:Communist Labor Party of America 1800:Communist Labor Party of America 1142:National Union of Dock Labourers 984:National Union of Dock Labourers 842: 828: 362: 6547:Fagoppositionens Sammenslutning 6523:Industrial Workers of the World 6517:General Confederation of Labour 6479:Brazilian Workers Confederation 6310: 4092:. Cork: Cork University Press. 4075:Journal of Contemporary History 3898: 3889: 3864: 3838: 3822:Prudhomme, Louis-Marie (1789). 3815: 3790: 3762: 3737: 3710: 3671: 3644: 3609: 3578: 3556: 3526: 3467: 3442: 3421: 3378: 3320: 3311: 3286: 3211: 3202: 3172: 3142: 3080: 2973:www.loughgaralakesandlegends.ie 2961: 2950:UCC web essay accessed Nov 2009 2943: 2884: 2535:Degradation of their miseries. 1904:The election of Irish-American 1726:Industrial Workers of the World 1679:Industrial Workers of the World 943:, he was also a founder of the 919:, and later the founder of the 612:Fagoppositionens Sammenslutning 588:Industrial Workers of the World 582:General Confederation of Labour 544:Brazilian Workers Confederation 240: 6959:Trade unionists from Liverpool 5434:Seán Dublin Bay Rockall Loftus 4226:Dublin Council of Trade Unions 4020:James Larkin: Lion of the Fold 3953:Gaughan, John Anthony (1980). 3475:"New York Observer, July 2006" 2830: 2788: 2761: 2685: 2676: 2231:Larkin is said to have been a 1455:; influential figures such as 1115: 1: 6839:Burials at Glasnevin Cemetery 4111:. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan. 3909:. Oak Tree Press. p. 36. 2708:Dictionary of Irish Biography 2643: 2588:Liverpool Irish Festival 2008 2335: 1706:King's Own Scottish Borderers 1688:to celebrate the election of 1374:Dublin United Tramway Company 1310:as the political wing of the 982:after his expulsion from the 45: 21:James Larkin (disambiguation) 6503:Norsk Syndikalistisk Forbund 6240:Party of European Socialists 5627:Constituency abolished. See 4954:Constituency abolished. See 4655:Constituency abolished. See 4081:(2). Sage Publications, Inc. 4003:. Gill & Macmillan Ltd. 3657:. Vision Press. p. 67. 3096:Dennison & McDonagh 1998 2430: 568:Norsk Syndikalistisk Forbund 7: 4389:Margaret Collins-O'Driscoll 4175:Irish Trades Union Congress 3955:Thomas Johnson, 1872 – 1963 3786:– via Newspapers.com. 3403:Oireachtas Members Database 2615: 2594:European Capital of Culture 2394:was later developed into a 2302:Allegations of antisemitism 2175:Irish Trades Union Congress 1965:The Communist International 1641:Irish Trades Union Congress 1599:bought from Germany by the 1312:Irish Trades Union Congress 1291:metamorphosed into the new 1125:and Mary Ann McNulty, from 1002:bought from Germany by the 835:Organized Labour portal 10: 6980: 6944:Politicians from Liverpool 6919:Labour Party (Ireland) TDs 6884:Irish Christian socialists 6874:Irish Citizen Army members 6226:International affiliations 6044:Leader of the Labour Party 5732:Democratic Socialist Party 5364: 5014: 4653: 4288: 4018:Nevin, James, ed. (1998). 3917: 2900:Goldring, Maurice (1991). 2768:Wolfe, Bertram D. (1965). 2638:Families in the Oireachtas 2584:of Dublin takes his name. 2495:Communist Party of Ireland 2296:Irish Women Workers' Union 2227:Religion and personal life 2073:International Lenin School 1667:Socialist Party of America 1539: 1513:Dublin Metropolitan Police 1345:Dublin Metropolitan Police 1332: 1212: 1012:Socialist Party of America 212:Socialist Party of America 118: – September 1927 18: 6914:Irish trade union leaders 6740: 6671: 6567: 6452: 6404: 6360: 6349: 6320: 6253: 6232: 6225: 6201: 6166: 6119: 6112: 6067: 6032: 6001: 5976: 5916: 5875: 5790: 5783: 5772: 5719: 5693: 5682: 5625: 5593: 5591: 5552: 5550: 5526: 5524: 5501: 5499: 5484: 5482: 5458: 5456: 5441: 5439: 5414: 5412: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5334: 5332: 5325: 5323: 5291: 5289: 5275: 5273: 5266: 5264: 5258: 5249: 5247: 5232: 5230: 5216: 5214: 5208: 5173: 5171: 5156: 5154: 5089: 5087: 5080: 5078: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5012: 4952: 4884: 4882: 4850: 4848: 4834: 4832: 4826: 4817: 4815: 4800: 4798: 4791: 4789: 4734: 4732: 4725: 4723: 4716: 4714: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4612: 4610: 4603: 4601: 4594: 4592: 4561: 4559: 4545: 4543: 4527: 4525: 4519: 4501: 4499: 4474: 4472: 4432: 4430: 4423: 4421: 4414: 4412: 4405: 4403: 4387: 4385: 4369: 4367: 4361: 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4334: 4329: 4324: 4319: 4286: 4232: 4222: 4216: 4206: 4200:Workers' Union of Ireland 4198:General Secretary of the 4196: 4191: 4181: 4171: 4163: 4153: 4145:General Secretary of the 4143: 4138: 4133: 4086:O'Connor, Emmet (2002b). 3938:. Cork University Press. 2599: 2004:Workers' Union of Ireland 1757:British Army Intelligence 1724:and association with the 1417:Great Britain and Ireland 1039:Workers' Union of Ireland 933:Workers' Union of Ireland 337: 327: 308: 300: 290: 285: 277: 266: 251: 223: 197: 189: 178: 161: 141: 136: 132: 122: 108: 98: 81: 64: 57: 53: 37: 30: 6934:Members of the 11th Dáil 6438:Workers' self-management 6049:Labour Party Front Bench 5720:Associated organisations 4107:Yeates, Pádraig (2000). 4062:Irish Historical Studies 4041:O'Connor, Emmet (2016). 3957:. Dublin: Kingdom Books. 3872:"Larkin statue, Belfast" 3798:"Four Dublin Sculptures" 3751:. Headline. p. 341. 3717:Plunkett, James (1969). 3654:The Art of Brendan Behan 3630:10.1177/0332489317728755 3534:"The Catholic Communist" 3237:Ireland since the famine 2925:Courtney, Roger (2013). 2838:"James Larkin 1876-1947" 2770:"The Catholic Communist" 2648: 2459:in Dublin. Completed by 2405: 2193: 1509:Royal Irish Constabulary 1199:Royal Irish Constabulary 1183:Independent Orange Order 1138:Independent Labour Party 976:1907 Belfast Dock strike 495:Workers' self-management 202:Independent Labour Party 6929:Members of the 9th Dáil 6924:Members of the 6th Dáil 6693:Criticism of capitalism 6553:National Workers' Union 6266:Socialist International 6113:Elected representatives 6068:Presidential candidates 5757:Republican Labour Party 3538:www.workersrepublic.org 2630:Organized labour portal 2542:Drums under the Windows 1890:Communist International 1759:officer, Henry Landau: 1681:union (the Wobblies). 1179:The Belfast Dock strike 772:Criticism of capitalism 618:National Workers' Union 6889:Irish Comintern people 6879:Irish anti-capitalists 6698:Criticism of copyright 6413:Co-operative economics 5762:Socialist Labour Party 5366:Constituency abolished 3971:Milotte, Mike (1984). 3929:. Dublin: Anvil Books. 3826:(in French). Prudhomme 3749:Where the Mersey Flows 3449:Landau, Henry (1937). 3293:Landau, Henry (1937). 2572:, in his home city of 2554: 2538: 2479: 2452: 2444: 2388:Where the Mersey Flows 2252: 2203: 2181:Return to Labour Party 2153: 1995: 1944: 1854: 1810: 1766: 1736: 1673:, the Irish leader of 1661: 1621: 1604:of the Irish people". 1583: 1555: 1531: 1396: 1348: 1185:and its Grand Master, 777:Criticism of copyright 470:Co-operative economics 6718:Libertarian socialism 6509:Solidarity Federation 5752:National Labour Party 3925:Boyd, Andrew (1985). 3678:Persson, Åke (2000). 3217:Reid, Gerald (1999), 2796:"Dublin 1913 Lockout" 2743:Spartacus Educational 2550: 2522: 2465: 2450: 2438: 2241: 2201: 2188:National Labour Party 2170:1937 general election 2151: 2038:Mansion House, Dublin 1993: 1930: 1849: 1808: 1761: 1734: 1686:Madison Square Garden 1659: 1615: 1581: 1549: 1526: 1421:Trades Union Congress 1401:William Martin Murphy 1394: 1342: 797:Libertarian socialism 574:Solidarity Federation 301:Years of service 6954:Inmates of Sing Sing 6261:Progressive Alliance 6002:Leadership elections 5563:Michael Joe Cosgrave 5443:Michael Joe Cosgrave 5327:Conor Cruise O'Brien 4134:Trade union offices 4109:Lockout: Dublin 1913 3905:Kenny, Ivor (2001). 3778:. London. p. 22 3508:ElectionsIreland.org 3116:(19 February 2013). 2955:11 July 2015 at the 2772:. Workers Republic. 2507:Étienne de La Boétie 2503:French revolutionary 2483:Révolutions de Paris 2288:Lord Mayor of Dublin 2276:Dublin South-Central 2235:. Larkin remained a 2217:John Charles McQuaid 2047:Under pressure from 1881:Constance Markievicz 1644:long-time associate 1497:Constance Markievicz 1461:Constance Markievicz 1382:Trade Union Congress 1329:Dublin Lockout, 1913 1070:John Charles McQuaid 1067:Archbishop of Dublin 6844:Catholic socialists 6497:Free Workers' Union 6433:Labour unionisation 6338:Revolutions of 1848 6204:European Parliament 5807:Thomas J. O'Connell 5742:Irish Worker League 4579:Thomas F. O'Higgins 4125:on 18 January 2006. 3962:Larkin, E. (1977). 3388:. Umiskin. May 2020 3186:. 27 October 1913. 2560:Roads and buildings 2233:Christian socialist 2158:Black Tom explosion 2055:; himself, his son 1981:Executive Committee 1961:Irish Worker League 1937:Executive Committee 1933:Irish Worker League 1916:Secretary for Labor 1749:Black Tom explosion 1574:End of the lock-out 1362:sympathetic strikes 1187:R. Lindsay Crawford 1169:Belfast Dock Strike 1127:Burren, County Down 1081:George Bernard Shaw 1028:Irish Worker League 921:Irish Worker League 849:Politics portal 562:Free Workers' Union 490:Labour unionisation 391:Revolutions of 1848 319:command assumed by 217:Irish Worker League 6909:Irish syndicalists 6098:Michael D. Higgins 5989:Michael D. Higgins 5984:Proinsias De Rossa 3936:Guinness 1886–1939 3848:. 2 October 2010. 3219:Great Irish Voices 3156:. 31 August 2013. 2564:A coastal road in 2499:Camille Desmoulins 2453: 2445: 2366:George Russell (Æ) 2321:The Jew's Shilling 2221:Glasnevin Cemetery 2204: 2154: 1996: 1945: 1868:Anglo-Irish Treaty 1855: 1811: 1737: 1718:Russian Revolution 1662: 1625:After the lock-out 1622: 1584: 1568:Irish Citizen Army 1556: 1542:Irish Citizen Army 1479:A group including 1435:Sunday Independent 1397: 1349: 1316:Dublin Corporation 1308:Irish Labour Party 1306:Larkin formed the 1219:Irish Labour Party 1074:Glasnevin Cemetery 945:Irish Citizen Army 313:Commandant General 295:Irish Citizen Army 209:(1912–23; 1941–47) 183:Glasnevin Cemetery 6904:Irish republicans 6816: 6815: 6511:(SF–IWA, Britain) 6505:(NSF–IAA, Norway) 6372:Council communism 6343:Utopian socialism 6278: 6277: 6274: 6273: 6221: 6220: 6213:Aodhán Ó Ríordáin 5997: 5996: 5770: 5769: 5747:Militant Tendency 5640: 5639: 5635: 5634: 5371: 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people 6807: 6806: 6799:Socialism portal 6797: 6787: 6779:Organized Labour 6777: 6769:Labour economics 6767: 6766: 6759:Communism portal 6757: 6749:Anarchism portal 6747: 6703:Critique of work 6534:IWW-South Africa 6487:(CNT–AIT, Spain) 6418:Labour economics 6355: 6333:Orthodox Marxism 6315: 6305: 6298: 6291: 6282: 6281: 6230: 6229: 6205: 6183:Rebecca Moynihan 6170: 6123: 6117: 6116: 6036: 6035:Party structures 5968:Rebecca Moynihan 5958:Phil Prendergast 5920: 5794: 5788: 5787: 5778: 5691: 5690: 5686: 5676: 5667: 5660: 5653: 5644: 5643: 5629:Dublin Bay North 5595:Terence Flanagan 5376: 5375: 5286:1963 by-election 5227:1956 by-election 5037: 5036: 5034: 4994: 4987: 4980: 4971: 4970: 4845:1998 by-election 4678: 4677: 4572:1929 by-election 4556:1928 by-election 4443:1925 by-election 4311: 4310: 4308: 4268: 4261: 4254: 4245: 4244: 4217:Preceded by 4210:James Larkin Jnr 4164:Preceded by 4131: 4130: 4126: 4112: 4103: 4082: 4069: 4056: 4037: 4031: 4023: 4014: 3990: 3984: 3976: 3967: 3958: 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6972: 6970: 6969: 6968: 6864:Independent TDs 6819: 6818: 6817: 6812: 6789:Politics portal 6736: 6723:Post-capitalism 6667: 6563: 6555:(UON, Portugal) 6469:and affiliates 6448: 6400: 6356: 6347: 6328:Guild socialism 6316: 6311: 6309: 6279: 6270: 6249: 6217: 6203: 6197: 6168: 6162: 6121: 6108: 6063: 6034: 6028: 5993: 5972: 5918: 5912: 5871: 5827:Michael O'Leary 5792: 5779: 5766: 5727:Democratic Left 5715: 5711:William O'Brien 5684: 5678: 5674: 5671: 5641: 5636: 5614: 5597: 5579: 5565: 5556: 5539: 5530: 5505: 5488: 5486:Liam Fitzgerald 5471: 5462: 5460:Maurice Manning 5445: 5436: 5427: 5425:Liam Fitzgerald 5418: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5373: 5344: 5338: 5329: 5312: 5295: 5279: 5270: 5253: 5251:Charles Haughey 5236: 5220: 5203: 5186: 5177: 5160: 5143: 5126: 5124:Richard Mulcahy 5108: 5102: 5093: 5084: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5035: 5024: 5008: 4998: 4968: 4963: 4941: 4932: 4923: 4906: 4904:Darragh O'Brien 4897: 4895:Michael Kennedy 4888: 4871: 4854: 4838: 4821: 4804: 4795: 4778: 4744: 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O'Kelly 4418: 4416:Richard Mulcahy 4409: 4400: 4391: 4382: 4373: 4356: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4309: 4298: 4282: 4272: 4238: 4229: 4220: 4212: 4203: 4187: 4178: 4169: 4167:William O'Brien 4159: 4157:William O'Brien 4150: 4129: 4115: 4100: 4053: 4025: 4024: 4011: 3978: 3977: 3946: 3920: 3915: 3914: 3903: 3899: 3894: 3890: 3880: 3878: 3870: 3869: 3865: 3855: 3853: 3844: 3843: 3839: 3829: 3827: 3820: 3816: 3806: 3804: 3796: 3795: 3791: 3781: 3779: 3767: 3763: 3742: 3738: 3731: 3715: 3711: 3703: 3699: 3692: 3676: 3672: 3665: 3649: 3645: 3614: 3610: 3600: 3598: 3591:The Irish Times 3583: 3579: 3567: 3563:Watts, Gerard. 3561: 3557: 3547: 3545: 3532: 3531: 3527: 3517: 3515: 3502: 3501: 3494: 3484: 3482: 3473: 3472: 3468: 3458: 3456: 3447: 3443: 3438: 3431: 3426: 3422: 3412: 3410: 3397: 3396: 3392: 3383: 3379: 3371: 3330: 3325: 3321: 3316: 3312: 3302: 3300: 3291: 3287: 3282: 3275: 3270: 3259: 3252: 3229: 3225: 3216: 3212: 3207: 3203: 3193: 3191: 3178: 3177: 3173: 3163: 3161: 3148: 3147: 3143: 3133: 3131: 3111: 3102: 3094: 3090: 3085: 3081: 3071: 3069: 3054: 3045: 3037: 2992: 2982: 2980: 2967: 2966: 2962: 2957:Wayback Machine 2948: 2944: 2937: 2923: 2919: 2912: 2898: 2894: 2889: 2885: 2877: 2873: 2868: 2861: 2851: 2849: 2836: 2835: 2831: 2826: 2819: 2809: 2807: 2800:History Ireland 2794: 2793: 2789: 2779: 2777: 2766: 2762: 2752: 2750: 2737: 2736: 2723: 2713: 2711: 2703:"Larkin, James" 2699: 2695: 2690: 2686: 2681: 2677: 2669: 2656: 2651: 2646: 2628: 2621: 2618: 2602: 2590: 2562: 2537: 2534: 2532: 2530: 2528: 2526: 2474: 2470: 2433: 2408: 2338: 2333: 2306:Allegations of 2304: 2251: 2248: 2229: 2213:extreme unction 2196: 2183: 2042:George Lansbury 1985:Anti-Treaty IRA 1957: 1949:Irish Civil War 1925: 1902: 1872:Charlie Chaplin 1844: 1832:Archie Crawford 1819:First Red Scare 1788:Voice of Labour 1775: 1654: 1627: 1610: 1576: 1544: 1538: 1453:William O'Brien 1354: 1337: 1331: 1304:William O'Brien 1245:Arthur Griffith 1237:Lord-Lieutenant 1221: 1213:Main articles: 1211: 1171: 1166: 1118: 996:Dublin lock-out 949:Dublin lock-out 917:William O'Brien 882: 841: 827: 819: 818: 817: 816: 802:Post-capitalism 750: 742: 741: 740: 739: 640: 632: 631: 630: 629: 620:(UON, Portugal) 534:and affiliates 519: 509: 508: 507: 506: 463: 455: 454: 453: 452: 411: 403: 402: 401: 400: 381:Guild socialism 374: 332:Dublin lock-out 315:(absent during 246: 238: 234: 231: 230: 229:Elizabeth Brown 215: 210: 205: 198:Political party 170: 166: 165:30 January 1947 153: 152:28 January 1874 147: 145: 114: 109: 87: 82: 70: 65: 49: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6977: 6967: 6966: 6961: 6956: 6951: 6946: 6941: 6936: 6931: 6926: 6921: 6916: 6911: 6906: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6886: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6814: 6813: 6811: 6801: 6791: 6781: 6771: 6761: 6751: 6741: 6738: 6737: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6710: 6705: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6685: 6680: 6675: 6673: 6672:Related topics 6669: 6668: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6641: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6611: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6591: 6586: 6581: 6576: 6571: 6569: 6565: 6564: 6562: 6561:(SAC, Sweden) 6556: 6550: 6544: 6538: 6537: 6536: 6531: 6520: 6514: 6513: 6512: 6506: 6500: 6499:(FAU, Germany) 6494: 6493:(CRAS, Russia) 6488: 6482: 6476: 6464: 6458: 6456: 6450: 6449: 6447: 6442: 6441: 6440: 6435: 6430: 6425: 6423:General strike 6415: 6410: 6408: 6402: 6401: 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6362: 6358: 6357: 6350: 6348: 6346: 6345: 6340: 6335: 6330: 6324: 6322: 6318: 6317: 6308: 6307: 6300: 6293: 6285: 6276: 6275: 6272: 6271: 6269: 6268: 6263: 6257: 6255: 6251: 6250: 6248: 6247: 6242: 6236: 6234: 6227: 6223: 6222: 6219: 6218: 6216: 6215: 6209: 6207: 6199: 6198: 6196: 6195: 6190: 6188:Marie Sherlock 6185: 6180: 6174: 6172: 6169:Seanad Éireann 6164: 6163: 6161: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6138:Brendan Howlin 6135: 6127: 6125: 6114: 6110: 6109: 6107: 6106: 6094: 6084: 6071: 6069: 6065: 6064: 6062: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6040: 6038: 6030: 6029: 6027: 6026: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6005: 6003: 5999: 5998: 5995: 5994: 5992: 5991: 5986: 5980: 5978: 5974: 5973: 5971: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5938:Jan O'Sullivan 5935: 5930: 5928:Michael Ferris 5924: 5922: 5919:Seanad leaders 5914: 5913: 5911: 5910: 5905: 5900: 5895: 5893:Brendan Howlin 5890: 5885: 5879: 5877: 5876:Deputy leaders 5873: 5872: 5870: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5857:Brendan Howlin 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5817:Brendan Corish 5814: 5812:William Norton 5809: 5804: 5802:Thomas Johnson 5798: 5796: 5785: 5781: 5780: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5767: 5765: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5723: 5721: 5717: 5716: 5714: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5701:James Connolly 5697: 5695: 5688: 5680: 5679: 5670: 5669: 5662: 5655: 5647: 5638: 5637: 5633: 5632: 5624: 5621: 5617: 5616: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5600: 5599: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5583: 5582: 5575: 5572: 5568: 5567: 5560: 5558: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5542: 5541: 5534: 5532: 5528:Tommy Broughan 5525: 5523: 5520: 5516: 5515: 5512: 5508: 5507: 5500: 5498: 5495: 5491: 5490: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5474: 5473: 5466: 5464: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5448: 5447: 5440: 5438: 5431: 5429: 5422: 5420: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5404: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5380: 5369: 5368: 5363: 5360: 5356: 5355: 5352: 5348: 5347: 5340: 5336:Eugene Timmons 5333: 5331: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5315: 5314: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5298: 5297: 5290: 5288: 5282: 5281: 5277:Eugene Timmons 5274: 5272: 5265: 5263: 5260: 5256: 5255: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5239: 5238: 5231: 5229: 5223: 5222: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5206: 5205: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5189: 5188: 5181: 5179: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5163: 5162: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5146: 5145: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5129: 5128: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5112: 5111: 5104: 5097: 5095: 5088: 5086: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5070: 5069: 5064: 5059: 5054: 5049: 5044: 5041: 5015:This table is 5013: 5010: 5009: 5003:(TDs) for the 4997: 4996: 4989: 4982: 4974: 4965: 4964: 4960: 4959: 4951: 4948: 4944: 4943: 4936: 4934: 4927: 4925: 4918: 4916: 4913: 4909: 4908: 4901: 4899: 4892: 4890: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4874: 4873: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4857: 4856: 4849: 4847: 4841: 4840: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4824: 4823: 4819:Trevor Sargent 4816: 4814: 4811: 4807: 4806: 4799: 4797: 4790: 4788: 4785: 4781: 4780: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4764: 4763: 4760: 4756: 4755: 4752: 4748: 4747: 4740: 4733: 4731: 4724: 4722: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4706: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4682: 4665: 4664: 4652: 4649: 4645: 4644: 4637: 4635: 4631:Patrick Belton 4628: 4626: 4623: 4619: 4618: 4611: 4609: 4602: 4600: 4593: 4591: 4588: 4584: 4583: 4576: 4574: 4568: 4567: 4560: 4558: 4552: 4551: 4544: 4542: 4535: 4533: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4517: 4516: 4509: 4507: 4500: 4498: 4491: 4489: 4482: 4480: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4464: 4463: 4456: 4454: 4447: 4445: 4439: 4438: 4434:Ernie O'Malley 4431: 4429: 4422: 4420: 4413: 4411: 4404: 4402: 4395: 4393: 4386: 4384: 4380:Francis Cahill 4377: 4375: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4359: 4358: 4353: 4348: 4343: 4338: 4333: 4328: 4323: 4318: 4315: 4289:This table is 4287: 4284: 4283: 4277:(TDs) for the 4271: 4270: 4263: 4256: 4248: 4240: 4239: 4234: 4231: 4221: 4219:Archie Jackson 4218: 4214: 4213: 4208: 4205: 4195: 4189: 4188: 4185:Thomas Johnson 4183: 4180: 4170: 4165: 4161: 4160: 4155: 4152: 4142: 4136: 4135: 4128: 4127: 4113: 4104: 4098: 4083: 4070: 4057: 4051: 4038: 4015: 4009: 3991: 3968: 3959: 3950: 3944: 3931: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3913: 3912: 3897: 3888: 3863: 3837: 3814: 3789: 3761: 3736: 3729: 3709: 3707:, p. 112. 3705:O'Connor 2002b 3697: 3690: 3670: 3663: 3643: 3608: 3585:Kenny, Colum. 3577: 3555: 3525: 3504:"James Larkin" 3492: 3466: 3441: 3429: 3420: 3399:"James Larkin" 3390: 3377: 3328: 3319: 3310: 3285: 3273: 3257: 3250: 3223: 3210: 3201: 3171: 3141: 3100: 3088: 3079: 3043: 3039:O'Connor 2002a 2990: 2960: 2942: 2935: 2917: 2910: 2892: 2883: 2871: 2859: 2829: 2817: 2787: 2760: 2739:"James Larkin" 2721: 2693: 2684: 2675: 2653: 2652: 2650: 2647: 2645: 2642: 2641: 2640: 2634: 2633: 2617: 2614: 2601: 2598: 2589: 2586: 2561: 2558: 2523: 2432: 2429: 2407: 2404: 2374:James Plunkett 2362:Daniel Corkery 2350:Frank O'Connor 2337: 2334: 2332: 2331:Commemorations 2329: 2303: 2300: 2246: 2228: 2225: 2209:Meath Hospital 2195: 2192: 2182: 2179: 2162:John J. McCloy 2142:James Connolly 2010:(Promintern). 1967:(Comintern; a 1956: 1953: 1924: 1921: 1901: 1898: 1843: 1842:Time in prison 1840: 1774: 1771: 1653: 1650: 1646:James Connolly 1626: 1623: 1609: 1606: 1587:with the TUC. 1575: 1572: 1560:James Connolly 1540:Main article: 1537: 1534: 1505:Imperial Hotel 1501:Nellie Gifford 1457:Patrick Pearse 1449:James Connolly 1441:Evening Herald 1353: 1350: 1335:Dublin Lockout 1333:Main article: 1330: 1327: 1323:Vladimir Lenin 1300:James Connolly 1210: 1207: 1170: 1167: 1165: 1162: 1117: 1114: 1093:Vladimir Lenin 1089:James Connolly 913:James Connolly 884: 883: 881: 880: 873: 866: 858: 855: 854: 853: 852: 838: 821: 820: 815: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 789: 784: 779: 774: 769: 764: 759: 753: 752: 751: 748: 747: 744: 743: 738: 737: 732: 727: 722: 717: 712: 707: 702: 699: 694: 689: 684: 679: 674: 669: 664: 659: 654: 649: 643: 642: 641: 638: 637: 634: 633: 628: 627: 621: 615: 609: 603: 602: 601: 596: 585: 579: 578: 577: 571: 565: 564:(FAU, Germany) 559: 558:(CRAS, Russia) 553: 547: 541: 529: 522: 521: 520: 515: 514: 511: 510: 505: 504: 499: 498: 497: 492: 487: 482: 480:General strike 472: 466: 465: 464: 461: 460: 457: 456: 451: 450: 445: 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 414: 413: 412: 409: 408: 405: 404: 399: 398: 393: 388: 383: 377: 376: 375: 372: 371: 368: 367: 359: 358: 352: 351: 339: 338: 335: 334: 329: 325: 324: 321:James Connolly 310: 306: 305: 302: 298: 297: 292: 288: 287: 283: 282: 279: 275: 274: 268: 264: 263: 253: 249: 248: 236: 232: 228: 227: 225: 221: 220: 199: 195: 194: 191: 187: 186: 180: 176: 175: 169:(aged 73) 163: 159: 158: 143: 139: 138: 134: 133: 130: 129: 124: 120: 119: 116:September 1927 106: 105: 100: 96: 95: 79: 78: 62: 61: 55: 54: 51: 50: 43: 35: 34: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6976: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6937: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6826: 6824: 6810: 6802: 6800: 6796: 6792: 6790: 6786: 6782: 6780: 6776: 6772: 6770: 6762: 6760: 6756: 6752: 6750: 6746: 6742: 6739: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6726: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6670: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6570: 6566: 6560: 6557: 6554: 6551: 6549:(FS, Denmark) 6548: 6545: 6542: 6539: 6535: 6532: 6530: 6527: 6526: 6524: 6521: 6518: 6515: 6510: 6507: 6504: 6501: 6498: 6495: 6492: 6489: 6486: 6483: 6480: 6477: 6474: 6471: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6455: 6454:Organisations 6451: 6446: 6443: 6439: 6436: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6428:Labour rights 6426: 6424: 6421: 6420: 6419: 6416: 6414: 6411: 6409: 6407: 6403: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6359: 6354: 6344: 6341: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6325: 6323: 6319: 6314: 6306: 6301: 6299: 6294: 6292: 6287: 6286: 6283: 6267: 6264: 6262: 6259: 6258: 6256: 6254:International 6252: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6237: 6235: 6231: 6228: 6224: 6214: 6211: 6210: 6208: 6206: 6200: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6186: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6175: 6173: 6171: 6165: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6153:Seán Sherlock 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6133: 6129: 6128: 6126: 6124: 6118: 6115: 6111: 6104: 6100: 6099: 6095: 6092: 6088: 6085: 6082: 6078: 6077: 6076:Mary Robinson 6073: 6072: 6070: 6066: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6041: 6039: 6037: 6031: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6014:2016 (Howlin) 6012: 6010: 6009:2014 (Burton) 6007: 6006: 6004: 6000: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5981: 5979: 5975: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5925: 5923: 5921: 5915: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5883:Barry Desmond 5881: 5880: 5878: 5874: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5847:Eamon Gilmore 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5822:Frank Cluskey 5820: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5799: 5797: 5795: 5789: 5786: 5782: 5777: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5724: 5722: 5718: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5698: 5696: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5681: 5677: 5668: 5663: 5661: 5656: 5654: 5649: 5648: 5645: 5631: 5630: 5622: 5619: 5618: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5602: 5601: 5596: 5588: 5585: 5584: 5581: 5573: 5570: 5569: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5555: 5547: 5544: 5543: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5529: 5521: 5518: 5517: 5513: 5510: 5509: 5504: 5496: 5493: 5492: 5487: 5479: 5476: 5475: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5461: 5453: 5450: 5449: 5444: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5417: 5416:Michael Woods 5409: 5406: 5405: 5381: 5378: 5377: 5374: 5367: 5361: 5358: 5357: 5353: 5350: 5349: 5346: 5337: 5328: 5320: 5317: 5316: 5311: 5308: 5306: 5303: 5300: 5299: 5294: 5287: 5284: 5283: 5278: 5269: 5268:George Colley 5261: 5257: 5252: 5244: 5241: 5240: 5235: 5234:Patrick Byrne 5228: 5225: 5224: 5219: 5211: 5207: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5191: 5190: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5176: 5168: 5165: 5164: 5159: 5151: 5148: 5147: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5134: 5131: 5130: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5114: 5113: 5110: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5092: 5091:Oscar Traynor 5083: 5075: 5072: 5071: 5042: 5039: 5038: 5032: 5028: 5022: 5018: 5011: 5006: 5002: 5001:Teachtaí Dála 4995: 4990: 4988: 4983: 4981: 4976: 4975: 4972: 4958: 4957: 4956:Dublin Fingal 4949: 4946: 4945: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4911: 4910: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4887: 4879: 4876: 4875: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4859: 4858: 4853: 4846: 4843: 4842: 4837: 4829: 4825: 4820: 4812: 4809: 4808: 4803: 4794: 4786: 4783: 4782: 4777: 4774: 4772: 4769: 4766: 4765: 4761: 4758: 4757: 4753: 4750: 4749: 4746: 4737: 4728: 4719: 4711: 4708: 4707: 4683: 4680: 4679: 4676: 4675: 4674: 4663: 4662: 4658: 4650: 4647: 4646: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4621: 4620: 4615: 4614:Oscar Traynor 4606: 4597: 4589: 4586: 4585: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4569: 4564: 4557: 4554: 4553: 4548: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4530: 4529:Eamonn Cooney 4522: 4518: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4504: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4486: 4485:Oscar Traynor 4483: 4481: 4477: 4469: 4466: 4465: 4460: 4459:Oscar Traynor 4457: 4455: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4440: 4435: 4426: 4417: 4408: 4407:William Hewat 4399: 4396: 4394: 4390: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4372: 4364: 4360: 4316: 4313: 4312: 4306: 4302: 4296: 4292: 4285: 4280: 4276: 4275:Teachtaí Dála 4269: 4264: 4262: 4257: 4255: 4250: 4249: 4246: 4237: 4228: 4227: 4215: 4211: 4202: 4201: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4177: 4176: 4168: 4162: 4158: 4149: 4148: 4141: 4137: 4132: 4124: 4120: 4119: 4114: 4110: 4105: 4101: 4095: 4091: 4090: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4071: 4067: 4063: 4058: 4054: 4052:9781906359935 4048: 4044: 4039: 4035: 4029: 4021: 4016: 4012: 4010:9780717162093 4006: 4002: 4001: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3982: 3974: 3969: 3965: 3960: 3956: 3951: 3947: 3941: 3937: 3932: 3928: 3923: 3922: 3908: 3901: 3892: 3877: 3873: 3867: 3851: 3847: 3841: 3825: 3818: 3803: 3799: 3793: 3777: 3776: 3772: 3765: 3759: 3758:9780747251767 3755: 3750: 3746: 3740: 3732: 3730:9780909866303 3726: 3722: 3721: 3720:Strumpet city 3713: 3706: 3701: 3693: 3687: 3683: 3682: 3674: 3666: 3660: 3656: 3655: 3647: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3612: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3581: 3573: 3566: 3559: 3543: 3539: 3535: 3529: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3499: 3497: 3480: 3476: 3470: 3454: 3453: 3445: 3436: 3434: 3424: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3394: 3387: 3384:O'Connor. E. 3381: 3374: 3373:O'Connor 1999 3369: 3367: 3365: 3363: 3361: 3359: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3351: 3349: 3347: 3345: 3343: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3335: 3333: 3323: 3314: 3298: 3297: 3289: 3280: 3278: 3268: 3266: 3264: 3262: 3253: 3251:0-00-633200-5 3247: 3243: 3239: 3238: 3233: 3232:Lyons, F.S.L. 3227: 3220: 3214: 3205: 3189: 3185: 3181: 3175: 3159: 3155: 3151: 3145: 3129: 3125: 3124: 3119: 3115: 3109: 3107: 3105: 3097: 3092: 3083: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3052: 3050: 3048: 3040: 3035: 3033: 3031: 3029: 3027: 3025: 3023: 3021: 3019: 3017: 3015: 3013: 3011: 3009: 3007: 3005: 3003: 3001: 2999: 2997: 2995: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2964: 2958: 2954: 2951: 2946: 2938: 2936:9781909556065 2932: 2928: 2921: 2913: 2907: 2903: 2896: 2887: 2880: 2879:O'Connor 2016 2875: 2866: 2864: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2833: 2824: 2822: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2791: 2775: 2771: 2764: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2728: 2726: 2710: 2709: 2704: 2697: 2688: 2679: 2672: 2667: 2665: 2663: 2661: 2659: 2654: 2639: 2636: 2635: 2631: 2625: 2620: 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Sweden) 625: 622: 619: 616: 614:(FS, Denmark) 613: 610: 607: 604: 600: 597: 595: 592: 591: 589: 586: 583: 580: 575: 572: 569: 566: 563: 560: 557: 554: 551: 548: 545: 542: 539: 536: 535: 533: 530: 527: 524: 523: 518: 517:Organisations 513: 512: 503: 500: 496: 493: 491: 488: 486: 485:Labour rights 483: 481: 478: 477: 476: 473: 471: 468: 467: 459: 458: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 415: 407: 406: 397: 394: 392: 389: 387: 384: 382: 379: 378: 370: 369: 365: 361: 360: 357: 354: 353: 349: 345: 344: 336: 333: 330: 326: 322: 318: 317:Easter Rising 314: 311: 307: 303: 299: 296: 293: 289: 284: 280: 276: 272: 269: 265: 262: 258: 255:4, including 254: 250: 226: 222: 218: 213: 208: 203: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 181: 179:Resting place 177: 173: 164: 160: 156: 144: 140: 135: 131: 128: 125: 121: 117: 112: 107: 104: 101: 97: 94: 90: 85: 80: 77: 73: 68: 63: 60: 56: 52: 41: 36: 29: 26: 22: 6713:Labour power 6628: 6519:(CGT, Spain) 6158:Duncan Smith 6130: 6122:Dáil Éireann 6096: 6074: 6059:Labour Women 6054:Labour Youth 6024:2022 (Bacik) 6019:2020 (Kelly) 5948:Brendan Ryan 5943:Joe Costello 5888:Ruairi Quinn 5842:Pat Rabbitte 5837:Ruairi Quinn 5706:James Larkin 5705: 5675:Labour Party 5626: 5577: 5554:Martin Brady 5503:Pat McCartan 5372: 5365: 5342: 5310:Denis Larkin 5293:Paddy Belton 5285: 5226: 5218:Denis Larkin 5201:Peadar Cowan 5184:Peadar Cowan 5158:Harry Colley 5141:James Larkin 5140: 5106: 5100:James Larkin 5099: 5007:constituency 4953: 4930:Brendan Ryan 4921:Alan Farrell 4886:James Reilly 4844: 4836:G. V. Wright 4776:G. V. Wright 4742: 4670: 4668: 4654: 4640:Vincent Rice 4571: 4563:Vincent Rice 4555: 4538:James Larkin 4537: 4494:Denis Cullen 4442: 4398:Seán McGarry 4281:constituency 4279:Dublin North 4223: 4197: 4192: 4172: 4144: 4139: 4123:the original 4117: 4108: 4089:James Larkin 4088: 4078: 4074: 4065: 4061: 4042: 4019: 3999: 3995:Nevin, Donal 3972: 3963: 3954: 3935: 3926: 3906: 3900: 3891: 3879:. Retrieved 3875: 3866: 3854:. Retrieved 3840: 3828:. Retrieved 3817: 3805:. Retrieved 3801: 3792: 3780:. Retrieved 3773: 3764: 3748: 3745:Andrews, Lyn 3739: 3719: 3712: 3700: 3680: 3673: 3653: 3646: 3621: 3617: 3611: 3599:. Retrieved 3590: 3580: 3571: 3558: 3546:. Retrieved 3537: 3528: 3516:. Retrieved 3507: 3483:. Retrieved 3469: 3457:. Retrieved 3451: 3444: 3423: 3411:. Retrieved 3402: 3393: 3385: 3380: 3322: 3313: 3301:. Retrieved 3295: 3288: 3236: 3226: 3218: 3213: 3204: 3192:. Retrieved 3183: 3174: 3162:. Retrieved 3153: 3144: 3132:. 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Yeats 1378:Syndicalism 1116:Early years 1098:Donal Nevin 957:Syndicalist 911:along with 807:Revisionism 767:Corporatism 677:Griffuelhes 528:(1864–1876) 448:Sorelianism 443:Nationalist 356:Syndicalism 204:(from 1893) 190:Nationality 6823:Categories 6649:Pelloutier 6624:Lagardelle 6599:Fitzgerald 6445:Mutual aid 6377:De Leonism 6321:Precursors 6178:Annie Hoey 6143:Alan Kelly 5977:Presidents 5953:Alex White 5933:Jack Harte 5908:Alan Kelly 5862:Alan Kelly 5784:Leadership 5612:Seán Kenny 5537:Seán Kenny 4939:Clare Daly 4476:John Byrne 4236:John Swift 4230:1944–1945 4204:1923–1947 4193:New office 4151:1909–1923 4140:New office 3881:28 January 3830:5 November 3184:www.rte.ie 2911:0853157286 2671:Nevin 2006 2644:References 2610:Jack Jones 2514:Jim Larkin 2358:Lola Ridge 2336:Literature 2101:Profintern 1792:Bolsheviks 1692:candidate 1671:John Devoy 1564:Jack White 1554:HQ in 1914 1481:Tom Kettle 1191:Protestant 1158:'pigtails' 959:movement. 941:Jack White 893:Jim Larkin 720:Pelloutier 697:Lagardelle 672:Fitzgerald 502:Mutual aid 428:De Leonism 373:Precursors 291:Allegiance 278:Occupation 148:1874-01-28 44:Larkin in 6733:Socialism 6678:Communism 6594:Delesalle 6584:De Ambris 6529:IWW-Chile 6406:Economics 6367:Anarchist 6193:Mark Wall 6087:Adi Roche 5580:from 2002 5345:1969–1977 5109:1937–1948 4852:Seán Ryan 4802:Seán Ryan 4793:Nora Owen 4745:1981–1992 4736:Nora Owen 4718:Ray Burke 4028:cite book 4022:. 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