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357:, which is considered his most notable architectural achievement. He was chosen as architect for the Roman Catholic cathedral in 1853; construction began in 1858, and the cathedral opened in May 1879. The cathedral is the most ambitious Gothic-style structure, and includes a mixture of German, French, and English Gothic influences.
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Renwick was not formally trained as an architect, but his ability and interest in building design were nurtured through his cultivated upbringing, which granted him early exposure to travel, and through a broad cultural education that included architectural history. He learned most of his skills from
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By 1852, he had come to
Fredericksburg, VA -- a small city 50 miles south of Washington -- to design and build a courthouse building which still stands. He got into a dispute with the City Council, which then paid Renwick his $ 27,000 fee. The City then built the courthouse using his plans and
516:
In the late 1850s, already well-established, Renwick temporarily partnered with
Richard T. Auchmoty. In the 1860s and 1870s, a few of Renwick's commissions are credited as Renwick & Sands. These indicate Renwick's short-lived partnership with architect Joseph Sands (? – 1879), and include
40:
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After
Renwick's death in 1895, the immediate successor organization was called Renwick, Aspinwall & Renwick, then Renwick, Aspinwall & Owen, with the addition of Walter Tallent Owen (1864-1902). In 1904, it became known as Renwick, Aspinwall & Tucker, then
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One constant in the firm was J. Lawrence
Aspinwall (1854–1936), who started to work for Renwick in 1875, practiced in the firm more than 60 years, was a firm partner from 1880 to 1925, and became an AIA Fellow in 1914. Aspinwall was the cousin of Renwick's wife Anna.
536:(1856–1907), Renwick's grand nephew. Upon his graduation, Russell became a protégé of his great uncle, who designed the chapter house of Russell's fraternity, St. Anthony Hall, at 25 East 28th Street, New York in 1878, the same year Renwick completed
508:. Renwick endorsed the idea and offered to provide drawings, plans, and illustrations for the project. Smith gratefully accepted, and the firm of Renwick, Aspinwall & Russell spent six months completing their contribution.
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Selma
Rattner research papers on James Renwick, 1856-2001 (bulk 1960s-2001) Held in the Dept. of Drawings & Archives, Avery Architectural & Fine Arts Library, Columbia University, New York City
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in 1990 that, "Old photographs show a high stoop arrangement with the figure of an owl on the peaked roof and a plaque with the Greek letters Delta Psi over the windowless chapter room. In 1879, The
540:. It is likely Russell contributed work to both his fraternity's first chapter house as well as the cathedral during his apprenticeship with Renwick. Russell departed in 1894 to co-found
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and for a few years the original building was kept as a clubhouse for graduate members. At that time a newspaper account described it as a "perfect Bijou of tasteful decoration".
607:. He began his apprenticeship at Renwick, Aspinwall and Russell in 1884, and his apprenticeship ended in 1891 when he won a national design competition for St. Matthew's in
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on
November 11, 1818, to a wealthy and well-educated family. His mother, Margaret Brevoort, was from a wealthy and socially prominent New York City family. His father,
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466:. Renwick was the supervising architect for the Commission of Charities and Correction. A small group of Renwick's architectural drawings and papers are held by the
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James
Renwick and James Renwick, Jr. architectural drawings and papers, circa 1813-1960, held by the Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library, Columbia University
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who was building luxury hotels in the historic city at the time. Renwick and his wife Anna
Aspinwall lived and owned property in the lighthouse area on
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in New York City – June 23, 1895, in New York City) was an
American architect in the 19th century, noted especially for designing churches and museums.
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1641:, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Renwick Jr. (see index)
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in the
Victorian Gothic style, and many mansions for the wealthy of the area, including the Peter Aims-Aimes house, known as "Martinstow", in
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The Catholic Church in the United States of America: Undertaken to Celebrate the Golden Jubilee of His Holiness, Pope Pius X. V. 1-3 ..
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Renwick received his first major commission at the age of twenty-five in 1843, in which he won a competitive bidding process to design
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Built between 1847 and 1855, the Smithsonian's many-turreted building, often referred to as "the Castle", was designed in
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at Lexington Avenue and 23rd Street in New York City. It was one of the first Gothic Revival college buildings on the
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and 44th Street in New York City (since demolished), the All Saints' Roman Catholic Church (1882–1893) in
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style, as requested by the Smithsonian's Board of Regents, and was built with red sandstone quarried at
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Rhinelander Gardens, 110-124 West 11th Street, NYC, a three-story above raised basement row of houses (
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in New York City in 1869, and the former New York City Public Charities Building (since razed) at 66
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style then near the end of its popularity." In 1899, the fraternity moved to a new chapter house on
203:, was an engineer, architect, and professor of natural philosophy at Columbia College, which is now
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From 1878 to 1894, the firm was known as Renwick, Aspinwall & Russell, with the partnership of
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and subsequently served as supervisor on Croton Reservoir, serving as an assistant engineer on the
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In 1870, the current church sanctuary was built. Designed by Renwick and Sands of New York City
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After graduating from Columbia College, Renwick took a position as a structural engineer with
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New York 1960: Architecture and Urbanism Between the Second World War and the Bicentennial
611:. His first years with Renwick's firm partly coincided with Russell's first years, below.
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Several of Renwick's employees protégés became influential architects, including:
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style. Other works by Renwick include the first major buildings on the campus of
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of the western facade of St. Patrick's Cathedral, by James Renwick, architect
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Design and Prospectus for a National Gallery of History of Art at Washington
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323:. The Smithsonian Institution Building proved influential in inspiring the
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Among his other designs were banks, the Charity and Smallpox Hospitals on
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1252:"Streetscapes: Readers' Questions; Of Consulates, Stores and Town Houses"
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calls him "one of the most successful American architects of his time".
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The floors above street level of First St. Anthony Hall Chapter House
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In 1849, Renwick designed the Free Academy Building at present-day
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his father, and then studied engineering at Columbia College, now
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White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot; Leadon, Fran (June 9, 2010).
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Stern, Robert A. M.; Mellins, Thomas; Fishman, David (1995).
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Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the AIA Volumes 21-22
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439:, but the stumpy pilasters and blocky detailing suggest the
396:. Renwick was the architect of Ascension Memorial Church in
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style. In 1846, Renwick won a competition to design of the
1597:(Reprinted by Scholarly Press, 1976; often referred to as
755:, Clinton and Livingston, Brooklyn, New York (1866-1869)
670:, Lexington Avenue and 23rd Street, New York City (1849)
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Another of the prominent buildings Renwick designed was
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Renwick was also the designer of the bell tower of the
1150:"An Alum Was the Architect of St. Patrick's Cathedral"
1321:. American Institute of Architects. 1888. p. 147
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454:, the main building of the Children's Hospital on
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384:(1860), Saint Bartholomew's Church (1871–1872) at
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631:The Reformed Church of Saugerties, 173 Main St.,
342:reducing its dimensions to fit the local budget.
207:. His two brothers went on to become engineers.
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1655:Renwick Family Letters and Manuscripts 1794-1916
695:Municipal Courthouse, 817 Princess Anne Street,
1744:Fellows of the American Institute of Architects
415:in 1847. Even though the 1879 structure at 29
1427:. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 1012.
560:Renwick is buried with his wife and father in
400:, whose cornerstone was laid in October 1869.
1639:Art and the empire city: New York, 1825-1861
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1230:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1177:The Smithsonian Castle and the Seneca Quarry
419:is marred now by a street level storefront,
1650:Biography at Columbians Ahead of Their Time
1613:"Church and Midtown Building Are Landmarks"
1478:. New York: Monacelli Press. p. 1106.
1179:. The History Press. pp. 45–46, 48–49.
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504:deliver a speech to garner support for his
368:in Washington, D.C., which was designed in
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1537:. Nycago.org. Retrieved on April 12, 2014.
1369:"Brief biographies of American architects"
844:, Fifth Avenue and East 33rd Street, NYC (
38:
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1216:Lafort, Remigius, S.T.D., Censor (1914).
1136:The Encyclopedia of American Architecture
591:, the Nebraska State Capitol building in
468:Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library
185:The Encyclopedia of American Architecture
1220:. Catholic editing Company. p. 305.
638:Mark Twain House, 21 Fifth Avenue, NYC (
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1585:. New York: Random House. p. 236.
1250:Gray, Christopher (September 2, 1990).
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458:, the Inebriate and Lunatic Asylums on
137: 1850; died 1880)
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1138:(2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
1108:George Walter Vincent Smith Art Museum
855:George Walter Vincent Smith Art Museum
764:Greymore Friars' Residence, NYC (1869)
761:, Foggy Bottom, Washington, DC (1867).
1729:Architects of Roman Catholic churches
1552:First Presbyterian Church of Hartford
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692:, Washington, D.C. (1851; razed 1936)
299:in New York City, which was built in
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500:In Spring 1890, Renwick listened to
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1376:Society of Architectural Historians
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838:, East 10th Street, NYC (1882–1883)
812:[St. Mary Help of Christians Church
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479:Cathedral Basilica of St. Augustine
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1759:People from Essex County, New York
1749:Columbia College (New York) alumni
1709:American ecclesiastical architects
1645:Biography at Smithsonian Scrapbook
1611:Chan, Sewell (December 16, 2008).
1344:Aspinwall, Algernon Aikin (1905).
14:
1780:
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1342:the common error "Aspinall"; see
996:Cathedral of Our Merciful Saviour
733:Cathedral of Our Merciful Saviour
538:St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York
1769:19th-century American architects
1714:American neoclassical architects
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655:Smithsonian Institution Building
305:Smithsonian Institution Building
233:Smithsonian Institution Building
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1397:"Renwick, Aspinwall & Owen"
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1754:Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery
1739:Smithsonian Institution people
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1288:. Mount Ida Press. p. 7.
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601:United States Military Academy
555:Renwick, Aspinwall & Guard
407:, the first chapter house for
16:American architect (1818–1895)
1:
1734:Architects from New York City
1282:Waite, Sarah S., ed. (2009).
1272:Page 10, Gibson Brothers 1891
1134:Packard, Robert, ed. (1995).
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773:First Presbyterian Church of
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617:, one of the founders of the
583:, whose designs included the
1515:The House on Caroline Street
519:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
485:, which was commissioned by
7:
1694:James Renwick Jr. buildings
1090:St. Nicholas of Myra Church
940:Georgetown, Washington D.C.
836:St. Nicholas of Myra Church
777:(1870; Renwick & Sands)
759:St. Mary's Episcopal Church
380:(1861–1865), including the
10:
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1599:WPA Guide to New York City
1114:Springfield, Massachusetts
1016:St. Ann's Episcopal Church
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859:Springfield, Massachusetts
805:Second Presbyterian Church
585:Wolf's Head Secret Society
403:Renwick also designed the
345:Renwick went on to design
18:
1719:Gothic Revival architects
825:Chapter House, New York (
676:, Washington, D.C. (1850)
581:Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue
222:
175:(born November 11, 1818,
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152:Margaret Brevoort Renwick
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1724:Architects of cathedrals
1577:Federal Writers' Project
1095:Manhattan, New York City
1077:Manhattan, New York City
1072:St. Bartholomew's Church
954:Trinity Episcopal Church
921:Manhattan, New York City
903:Manhattan, New York City
885:Manhattan, New York City
801:, NYC (1871–1872; razed)
791:St. Bartholomew's Church
697:Fredericksburg, Virginia
690:Trinity Episcopal Church
674:Oak Hill Cemetery Chapel
668:City College of New York
626:Major buildings designed
599:, and the chapel at the
534:William Hamilton Russell
332:City College of New York
191:Early life and education
1554:. Hartford, Connecticut
709:Corcoran Gallery of Art
705:, New York, (1858–1879)
703:St. Patrick's Cathedral
666:Free Academy Building,
464:New York Stock Exchange
394:West Haven, Connecticut
362:Corcoran Gallery of Art
347:St. Patrick's Cathedral
247:St. Patrick's Cathedral
1175:Peck, Garrett (2013).
1154:Columbia College Today
982:Poughkeepsie, New York
743:Church of St. Barnabas
729:, New York (1861–1865)
651:, New York (1843–1846)
398:Ipswich, Massachusetts
378:Poughkeepsie, New York
327:in the United States.
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19:For other people, see
1456:With Heritage So Rich
816:Aiken, South Carolina
810:St. Claire's Chapel,
807:, Chicago (1872–1874)
775:Hartford, Connecticut
768:Cathedral High School
542:Clinton & Russell
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1285:Architects of Albany
1268:Smith, Franklin W.:
1002:Faribault, Minnesota
737:Faribault, Minnesota
619:Chicago School-style
605:West Point, New York
219:three years later.
195:Renwick was born in
123:Anna Lloyd Aspinwall
1582:New York City Guide
1401:Library of Congress
1347:Aspinwall Genealogy
747:Irvington, New York
562:Green-Wood Cemetery
557:by the late 1920s.
472:Columbia University
413:Columbia University
349:, on the corner of
213:Columbia University
205:Columbia University
89:Green-Wood Cemetery
79:New York City, U.S.
1661:"James Renwick Jr"
1617:The New York Times
1256:The New York Times
615:John Wellborn Root
437:French Renaissance
426:The New York Times
364:, now home to the
274:
262:
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240:
1592:978-1-60354-055-1
1156:. August 23, 2021
934:Oak Hill Cemetery
842:Demarest Building
663:, New York (1848)
595:, Balboa Park in
593:Lincoln, Nebraska
572:Notable employees
502:Franklin W. Smith
270:elevation drawing
173:James Renwick Jr.
170:
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57:November 11, 1818
32:James Renwick Jr.
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548:Death and legacy
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491:Henry M. Flagler
456:Randall's Island
452:Roosevelt Island
432:New York Tribune
421:Christopher Gray
417:East 28th Street
405:St. Anthony Hall
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366:Renwick Gallery
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282:Croton Aqueduct
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1668:. Retrieved
1665:Find a Grave
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1199:. Retrieved
1195:the original
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1158:. Retrieved
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1041:Canton, Ohio
880:Grace Church
785:Canton, Ohio
770:, NYC (1869)
727:Poughkeepsie
649:Grace Church
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177:Bloomingdale
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74:(1895-06-23)
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1704:1895 deaths
1699:1818 births
1558:October 13,
849: 1890
830: 1879
745:expansion,
739:(1862–1869)
684: 1850
643: 1842
635:, NY (1852)
355:51st Street
1688:Categories
1548:"About Us"
1121:References
633:Saugerties
435:called it
313:Romanesque
110:Occupation
53:1818-11-11
1440:August 1,
1406:August 1,
1226:cite book
1075:(1871–72)
597:San Diego
423:wrote in
409:Delta Psi
382:Main Hall
268:Exterior
251:Manhattan
157:Signature
145:Parent(s)
113:Architect
1579:(1939).
1502:1130718M
1494:32159240
1381:July 31,
1353:July 31,
1325:July 31,
1301:July 31,
1022:Brooklyn
972:Old Main
587:Hall at
566:Brooklyn
489:partner
441:Neo-Grec
93:Brooklyn
866:Gallery
821:Former
483:Florida
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1093:(1883)
1057:(1874)
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1019:(1869)
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979:(1861)
957:(1851)
937:(1850)
919:(1847)
901:(1848)
883:(1846)
861:(1895)
818:(1879)
787:(1871)
749:(1863)
699:(1852)
609:Dallas
390:Harlem
223:Career
118:Spouse
63:, U.S.
1372:(PDF)
295:, an
133:(
129:
1672:2010
1587:ISBN
1560:2020
1490:OCLC
1480:ISBN
1442:2018
1429:ISBN
1408:2018
1383:2018
1355:2018
1327:2018
1303:2018
1290:ISBN
1232:link
1203:2006
1162:2021
797:and
353:and
231:The
217:M.A.
69:Died
47:Born
1340:not
603:in
564:in
481:in
470:at
376:in
319:in
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284:in
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