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epaulettes, and harlequin finery, we hear of the magnificence of the apparatus, the bravery of the troops, the glory of the victors, but the story of the wholesale miseries and wretchedness and wrongs which follow in its train is untold … What nation is not groaning under war-debts, the greatest of national burdens! Had the inconceivable sum wasted in the work of human butchery been applied to promote individual comfort and national prosperity, the world would not now be so far behind as it is in its career of progress … Our duty to relieve the sufferers in this great war would have remained the same whether the war had been a just one or not; but, considering the nature and objects of this war, we extend this relief now more as a privilege than as a duty … To the call of our gracious
Sovereign, and to the call of humanity, the Parsis, my lord, will cordially respond.
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272:. The connection with Jeejeebhoy was instrumental as Jardine and Matheson built up their great firm, continuing the profitable and amiable association with the Parsi entrepreneur. Jeejeebhoy long continued as one of the close associates who served as underwriters to Jardine, Matheson and Company. A tribute to their connection exists even today in a portrait of Jeejeebhoy which hangs in Jardine's Hong Kong office. He was seen as the chief representative of the Indian community in Bombay by the British Imperial authorities.
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336:) were created or endowed by Jejeebhoy, and he financed the construction of many public works such as wells, reservoirs, bridges, and causeways. By the time of his death in 1859, he was estimated to have donated over ÂŁ230,000 to charity. His philanthropic endeavours began in earnest in 1822, when he personally remitted the debts of all the poor in Bombay's civil jail. Some of Jejeebhoy's notable charitable works include:
302:
324:, having experienced the miseries of poverty in early life, Jejeebhoy developed great sympathy for his poorer countrymen. In his later life he was occupied with alleviating human distress in all its forms. Parsi and Christian, Hindu and Muslim, were alike the objects of his beneficence. Hospitals, schools, homes of charity and pension funds throughout India (particularly in Bombay,
248:, and he gradually added another six ships to this, usually carrying primarily opium and a little cotton to China. By 1836, Jejeebhoy's firm was large enough to employ his three sons and other relatives, and he had amassed what at that period of Indian mercantile history was regarded as fabulous wealth.
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By this time
Jejeebhoy had established his reputation as an enterprising merchant possessed of considerable wealth. In 1803, he married his maternal uncle's daughter Avabai (d. 1870) and settled in Bombay, where he directed his commercial operations on an extended scale. Around this time, he changed
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Of none of the great evils which afflict our race do we form such inadequate conceptions as of the evils of war. War is exhibited to us in the dazzling dress of poetry, fiction, and history, where its horrors are carefully concealed beneath its gaudy trappings; or we see, perhaps, its plumes and
251:
Jejeebhoy was known by the nickname "Mr. Bottlewalla". "Walla" meant "vendor", and
Jejeebhoy's business interests included the manufacture and sale of bottles on the basis of his uncle's business. Jejeebhoy and his family would often sign letters and checks using the name "Battliwala", and were
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His non-violent attitude extended also to the animal kingdom. He would not allow any form of cruelty towards animals. The East India
Company introduced a rule "for the annual destruction of dogs in Bombay island, and a considerable number were from time to time destroyed, in spite of frequent
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at
Bellasis Road, and until today, innumerable old and destitute people receive free food, clothing, shelter and medicines. All their needs for the past 150 years, irrespective of caste, creed or religion, have been looked after by the Dharamshala, the first free home for the elderly in
175:, who migrated to Bombay in the 1770s. Both of Jeejeebhoy's parents died in 1799, leaving the 16-year-old under the tutelage of his maternal uncle, Framjee Nasserwanjee Battliwala. At the age of 16, having had little formal education, he made his first visit to
434:. In 1838, the British rulers introduced a 'grazing fee' which several cattle-owners could not afford. Therefore, Sir Jamshedji Jeejeebhoy spent Rs. 20,000 from his own purse for purchasing some grasslands near the seafront at
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In 1818, he formed the business, trading and shipping firm "Jamsetjee
Jejeebhoy & Co." with two other associates Motichund Amichund and Mahomed Ali Rogay as Jejeebhoy's business associates. He was later joined by a
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petitions from the public". This mass dog killing led to a serious riot. To alleviate this suffering, Jamsetjee
Jeejeebhoy, Jagannath Shankarsheth and Motichand Amichand founded Bombay Panjrapole on 18 October 1834.
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Simple in his tastes and manners, and dignified in his address, the personal appearance of Sir
Jamsetjee, in later years, was a picture of greatness in repose. He had done his work, and entered upon the sabbath of his
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and saw that the starving cattle grazed without a fee in that area. In time the area became known as "Charni" meaning grazing. When a railway station on the BB&CI railway was constructed there it was called
355:
415:, formerly The Victoria and Albert Museum, which was designed by a London architect was built with the patronage of many wealthy Indian businessmen and philanthropists like Jejeebhoy,
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By strict integrity, by industry and punctuality in all his commercial transactions, he contributed to raise the character of the Bombay merchant in the most distant markets.
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Construction of Charni Road and relief to cattle. Between 1822 and 1838, cattle from the congested fort area used to graze freely at the
Esplanade Maidan (now called
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502:, who, by a special Act of the Viceroy's Council in pursuance of a provision in the letters-patent, took the name of Sir Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy as second baronet.
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Engraving of the Bombay Native
Hospital, constructed at the joint expense of Jejeebhoy and the East India Company; it was later renamed "Sir J. J. Hospital".
351:, spent Rs.155,800 to finance its construction, after whom it was named. The work began in 1841 and is believed to have been completed four years later.
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rupees, a staggering sum in those days. Further riches came to him from the cotton trade during the Napoleonic Wars. He bought his own fleet of ships.
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in a Danish ship. Undaunted, Jejeebhoy undertook another voyage to China which was more successful than any of his previous journeys.
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In 1855, under royal patronage, the Patriotic Fund was launched to aid the wounded soldiers and widows of those who had died in the
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his name from "Jamshed" to "Jamsetjee" to sound similar to names of the Gujarati community. By the age of 40, he had made over two
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In 1814, his co-operation with the British East India company had yielded him sufficient profits to purchase his first ship, the
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The Parsis of India the Parsis of India: Preservation of Identity in Bombay City Preservation of Identity in Bombay City By.
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522:. Jamsetjee donated Rs. 5,000/- for this cause. But some remarks from his speech on this occasion are most significant:
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known by that name in business and society, but he did not choose this assumed surname when it came to the baronetcy.
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Homi Dhalla, "Sir Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy, Lesser Known Facts about his Multidimensional Personality", homidhalla.com
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was launched in 1838 by a syndicate of persons, which included Sir Jamsetjee. In 1861, it was renamed
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in which he sailed was forced to surrender to the French, by whom he was carried as a prisoner to the
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in 1783, the son of Merwanjee Mackjee Jejeebhoy and Jeevibai Cowasjee Jejeebhoy. His father was a
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When he died in 1859, Jeejeebhoy was remembered in an obituary by a Bombay-based newspaper as, "
466:, this beacon of altruism gave graciously to one and all without discriminating on the basis of
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Jejeebhoy's services were first recognised by the British Empire in 1842 by the bestowal of a
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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Smuggling as Subversion: Colonialism, Indian Merchants, and the Politics of Opium, 1790-1843
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and the Seth R.J.J. High School. He also endowed charities dedicated to helping his fellow
343:: The British Government had refused to build a causeway to connect the island of Mahim to
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883:"Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy: China, William Jardine, the Celestial, and Other HK Connections"
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Give Me a Bombay Merchant Anytime!: The Life of Sir Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy, Bt., 1783–1859
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147:, was an Indian merchant and philanthropist. He made a huge fortune in cotton and the
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A mount, thereon amidst wheat, a peacock, in the beak an ear of wheat, all proper.
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On Jejeebhoy's death in 1859, his Baronetcy was inherited by his eldest son
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Jejeebhoy donated to at least 126 notable public charities, including the
1059:"What it takes for Sir J J Agiary in Pune's Camp to keep the flame alive"
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799:. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 300.
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and created the "Sir Jamsetjee Jeejebhoy Parsi Benevolent Fund" in 1849.
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264:. His voyages to China resulted in a long trading partnership with the
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491:. These were the very first distinctions of their kind conferred by
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The Heraldic Register: 1849-1850 : With an Annotated Obituary
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and then began his first voyage to China to trade in cotton and
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633:, Leiden, Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers, p. 55,
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383:) waterworks, with the remainder coming from the government.
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198:, this ship drove off a French squadron under Rear-Admiral
462:(1856) or the fire, which ravaged both Bombay (1803) and
974:"The opium trader who became one of India's richest men"
962:". Sir JJ College of Architecture. Accessed 23 May 2010.
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He paid two-thirds of the entire cost of the Poona (now
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The Rise of Business Corporations in India, 1851–1900
564:Azure: a sun rising above a representation of the
816:, New Delhi: Cambridge University Press, p.
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1221:Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
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1007:"SIR JAMSETJEE JEJEEBHOY – LESSER KNOWN FACTS"
934:. Archived from the original on 22 April 2017.
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446:He spent Rs. 1,45,403 to set up the Sir J. J.
960:Sir JJ College Of Architecture, Bombay– Home
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681:, New Delhi: Lexington Books, p. 210,
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404:. Jamsetjee also donated handsomely to the
209:On Jejeebhoy's fourth voyage to China, the
139:(15 July 1783 – 14 April 1859), also spelt
912:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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362:Sir Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy School of Art
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297:print of Jejeebhoy's residence, 1858
200:Charles-Alexandre LĂ©on Durand Linois
127:Sir Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy, 1st Baronet
194:'s fleet. Under the command of Sir
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1271:19th-century Indian businesspeople
859:The Bombay Country Ships 1790–1833
408:Press when it was founded in 1859.
386:He gave a substantial donation to
60:Jejeebhoy on a 1959 stamp of India
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1152:Sir J.J. on David Philpson's site
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857:Bulley, Anne (16 December 2013).
495:upon a British subject in India.
370:Sir J.J. Institute of Applied Art
366:Sir J. J. College of Architecture
354:He donated Rs. 1,00,000 to build
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155:Early life and business career
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1286:People from Bombay Presidency
1085:"History | Bombay Panjrapole"
972:Manuel, Thomas (4 May 2019).
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454:Whether it was the famine of
186:Jejeebhoy's second voyage to
1047:. 19 May 1857. p. 1770.
583:General and cited references
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1142:Brief biography of Sir J.J.
1089:www.bombaypanjrapole.org.in
349:Avabai Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy
294:The Illustrated London News
16:Indian merchant (1783–1859)
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1241:Businesspeople from Mumbai
844:"Yatha Ahu Vairyo Mohalla"
629:Palsetia, Jesse S (2001),
617:JEJEEBHOY of Bombay, India
190:was made in a ship of the
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270:Jardine Matheson & Co
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514:Advocate of non-violence
413:Dr. Bhau Daji Lad Museum
1109:Burke, Bernard (1850).
932:www.robinsonlibrary.com
796:Encyclopædia Britannica
677:Farooqui, Amar (2001),
598:. University of Mumbai.
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1251:Indian philanthropists
1115:. E. Churton. p.
896:Karaka, D. F. (1884).
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159:Jejeebhoy was born in
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928:"Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy"
899:History of the Parsis
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347:. Jejeebhoy's wife,
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204:Battle of Pulo Aura
84:Maratha Confederacy
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1281:People from Mumbai
1063:The Indian Express
1044:The London Gazette
846:. 30 January 2012.
619:. leighrayment.com
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