558:
political aspects that others in
Kennedy's administration were. Wiesner believed that the space program would continue making scientific advancements even without man. Also, he highlighted the disaster that would come out of a failure to place a man into orbit or causing the death of an astronaut, saying it "would create a situation of serious national embarrassment". These two points were among the many reasons Wiesner did not want to send man into space.
42:
557:
The
Wiesner Report, as it was called, outlined to Kennedy Wiesner's advice to not continue with the crewed space program, Project Mercury. The President's Science Advisory Committee highlighted the skepticism of the scientific elite about sending humans into space. Wiesner was not concerned with the
549:
Before
Kennedy took office, Wiesner chaired a task force which issued a report to the President-elect on January 10, 1961, warning of "inadequate planning and direction" and "the lack of outstanding scientists and engineers" in its space efforts, and expressing his opposition to crewed space flight,
586:
to hedge by calling the decision tentative, keeping the Earth-orbit rendezvous and direct-ascent methods as possible backups, but still maintaining, "We find that by adding one vehicle to those already under development, namely, the lunar excursion vehicle, we have an excellent opportunity to
447:(PhD) in electrical engineering from UM in 1950. Interested in radio broadcasting and acoustics, he was associate director of UM's radio broadcasting service. He also participated in studies of acoustics, and assisted in developing electronic techniques, at the
1090:' special technical assistant, who left NASA after chairing an ad-hoc committee for Seamans in July 1961 to recommend an Apollo launch vehicle. Contrary to Wiesner's expectation, this NASA committee had helped open the door to serious consideration of LOR.
664:
honored the appointment in 1964. After leaving the White House, Wiesner returned to MIT as Dean of the School of
Science, became Provost in 1966, and served as President from 1971 to 1980. He was also elected a life member of the MIT Corporation.
573:
to meet
Kennedy's goal of landing men on the Moon by the end of the 1960s, Wiesner had created a Space Vehicle Panel, chaired by Nicolas Golovin, to monitor and second-guess NASA. The SVP forced NASA to defend its decision to develop the
632:, Kennedy directed the PSAC to conduct an investigation into Carson's claims. Wiesner held hearings, and on May 15, 1963, published a report titled "The Use of Pesticides", which recommended a phaseout of "persistent toxic pesticides."
509:, then returned to MIT as a professor of electrical engineering, and worked from 1946 to 1961 at the Research Laboratory of Electronics at MIT (RLE), ultimately becoming the director. Between this time, he is known to have attended the
1342:
602:
to candidate LEM contractors. Wiesner finally relented, unwilling to settle the dispute once and for all in
Kennedy's office, because of the President's involvement with the October
554:"exaggerated the value of that aspect of space activity where we are less likely to achieve success. We should stop advertising Mercury as our major objective in space activities."
2388:
1548:
370:
54:
640:
Wiesner's obituary described him as "a key figure in the
Kennedy administration in the establishment of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, in achieving the October 1963
458:
In 1940, Wiesner married Laya
Wainger, a fellow mathematics major he met at UM. The same year, he was appointed chief engineer for the Acoustical and Record Laboratory of the
2393:
598:. Webb jumped in and defended von Braun, until Kennedy ended the squabble by stating that the matter was "still subject to final review." Webb held firm, as NASA issued a
1280:
2383:
2373:
2403:
369:, then returned to MIT's Research Laboratory of Electronics from 1946 to 1961. After serving as Kennedy's science advisor, he returned to MIT, becoming its
896:
590:
But
Golovin and Wiesner kept up the pressure, Wiesner at one point making the disagreement public during a two-day September visit by the President to
494:
development. He became an associate member of the laboratory's steering committee, and led "Project
Cadillac", which developed the forerunner of the
1814:
969:
1073:
1854:
681:
409:
1366:
345:, Wiesner was associate director of the university's radio broadcasting service and provided electronic and acoustical assistance to the
2368:
749:
680:, had prepared a short list of 20 people deemed "hostile to the administration" on September 9, 1971. What became popularly known as "
538:
338:
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2343:
1539:
1499:
720:
97:
2348:
1731:
1137:
Greenberg DS (May 1963). "Pesticides: White House Advisory Body Issues Report Recommending Steps to Reduce Hazard to Public".
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587:
accomplish this mission with a shorter time span, with a saving of money, and with equal safety to any other modes."
17:
702:, a White House memo discussed a Nixon order to "cut back on MIT's subsidy in view of Wiesner's anti-defense bias".
684:" was discovered to have been expanded to include Wiesner, among twenty other academics. According to an issue of
2224:
885:
641:
1006:. Cybernetics. Transactions of the Ninth Conference. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. pp. 593–619 – via
737:
506:
366:
594:. Wiesner blurted out "No, that's no good," in front of the press, during a presentation by Marshall Director
2378:
741:
1840:
1532:
1370:
591:
388:
as a means to achieving Kennedy's goal of landing men on the Moon. At Kennedy's direction, he investigated
1517:
1185:. Washington, The White House: For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Govt. Print. Off. 1963.
652:
Shortly before his assassination in November 1963, Kennedy decided to replace Wiesner as PSAC chair with
1709:
1396:
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1603:
1436:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Distinctive Collections, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1180:
1020:
House Science and Astronautics Committee, Defense Space interests, 87th Cong., 1st sess. (1961), p. 19.
1007:
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470:, recording the folk music of these regions. In this role, he became friends with folk singer
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1645:
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644:, and in the successful effort to restrict the deployment of antiballistic missile systems.”
452:
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77:
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1094:
Enchanted Rendezvous: John C. Houbolt and the Genesis of the Lunar-Orbit Rendezvous Concept
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Donald Hornig, Last to See First A-Bomb, Dies at 92, The New York Times, January 26, 2013
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2007:
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582:, delaying its announcement news conference to July 11, and causing NASA Administrator
474:, who performed at the concert for Wiesner's inauguration as President of MIT in 1971.
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Pre-ignition phenomena in gas switching tubes and related rectifier burnout problems
302:
Pre-ignition phenomena in gas switching tubes and related rectifier burnout problems
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2179:
2063:
1976:
1940:
1790:
1248:
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809:
510:
405:
790:; Kosta Tsipis; Jerome Wiesner (February 1994). "The Future of American Defense".
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1964:
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1207:
Doubt is Their Product: How Industry's Assault on Science Threatens Your Health
1087:
570:
1237:"Crucified on a Cross of Atoms: Scientists, Politics, and the Test Ban Treaty"
915:
27:
American electrical engineer, science policy adviser, and university president
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2001:
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1997:
1991:
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1047:, chapter 27, "The Lunar Landing Decision and Its Aftermath". NASA SP-4102.
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514:
502:
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354:
89:
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841:"Lists of White House 'Enemies' and Memorandums Relating to Those Named",
786:
606:, and fear of Kennedy's support for Webb. NASA announced the selection of
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518:
471:
462:, in which capacity he traveled the American South and Southwest under a
420:
Wiesner was born in Detroit, Michigan, the son of Jewish immigrants from
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1928:
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396:, and issued a report in support of her claims. He was an advocate for
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41:
959:
President emeritus Jerome Wiesner is dead at 79 October 26, 1994
901:
Born in Detroit of first-generation Jewish parents from Silesia
618:
In the wake of controversy surrounding the 1962 publication of
295:
1060:
Report to the President-Elect of the Ad Hoc Committee on Space
404:
defense systems. While MIT president, he was put on President
380:, believing instead in automated space probes. He challenged
1863:
628:, which questioned the indiscriminate use of the pesticide
562:
381:
1062:. NASA Historical Reference Collection. pp. 416–423.
957:
http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/1994/weisner-obit-1026.html
715:
629:
424:
and raised in Dearborn. He attended Fordson High School.
393:
860:(MIT's student newspaper), September 7, 1973, p. 4.
2389:
Presidents of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1550:
Presidents of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
55:
President of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
329:(May 30, 1915 – October 21, 1994) was a professor of
2394:
University of Michigan College of Engineering alumni
376:
He was an outspoken critic of crewed exploration of
914:
906:
884:
2384:Office of Science and Technology Policy officials
1126:, chapter 4.4, "Pressures by PSAC". NASA SP-4205.
513:in 1952, and to have provided feedback alongside
2325:
1111:, chapter 3.7, "Casting the Die". NASA SP-4205.
2374:Massachusetts Institute of Technology provosts
1086:Golovin had been NASA Associate Administrator
2404:Members of the American Philosophical Society
1848:
1725:
1533:
1359:
866:, online hyper-biography of Wiesner from 1995
482:Wiesner began his professional career at the
1294:"Television Review; Boyish Eyes on the Moon"
1197:
1136:
1130:
110:January 20, 1961 – January 24, 1964
1004:Cybernetics: The Macy Conferences 1946-1953
864:A Random Walk through the Twentieth Century
775:
415:
1855:
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1072:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
848:
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40:
952:
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744:in 1980. In 1993 Wiesner was awarded the
528:
392:'s criticism of the use of the pesticide
365:. He worked briefly after the war at the
1234:
1203:
610:as the LEM contractor in November 1962.
1862:
1323:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
1058:Logsdon, John, ed. (January 10, 1961).
1057:
912:
882:
14:
2326:
1121:Brooks, Grimwood, and Swenson (1979).
1106:Brooks, Grimwood, and Swenson (1979).
941:
764:of heart failure at age 79. His son,
539:President's Science Advisory Committee
1836:
1743:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1713:
1521:
1291:
982:
734:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
672:, it was disclosed in June 1973 that
484:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
285:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
727:
1274:
24:
768:, made fundamental discoveries in
613:
25:
2420:
2369:MIT School of Engineering faculty
1416:
899:from the original on 2022-06-08.
883:Dalyell, Tam (October 23, 2011).
827:
814:10.1038/scientificamerican0194-20
1500:Office of Science and Technology
1253:10.1111/j.1467-7709.2010.00950.x
986:(March 1952). "Homeostasis". In
755:
647:
544:
98:Office of Science and Technology
2409:20th-century American academics
2344:20th-century American engineers
1389:
1335:
1311:
1285:
1228:
1173:
1115:
1100:
1080:
1045:Managing NASA in the Apollo Era
642:Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
435:and mathematics in 1937, and a
1292:James, Caryn (April 3, 1998).
1051:
1036:
1033:, p. 71. Emphasis in original.
1031:Future of the US Space Program
1023:
1014:
976:
962:
876:
738:American Philosophical Society
507:Los Alamos National Laboratory
367:Los Alamos National Laboratory
13:
1:
2349:American electrical engineers
970:"The Telegraph, Oct. 7, 1971"
913:Wiesner, Jerome Bert (1950).
870:
1702:: # denotes acting president
1474:How to use archival material
1371:National Academy of Sciences
1159:10.1126/science.140.3569.878
845:, June 28, 1973, p. 38.
760:Wiesner died at his home in
752:, of which he was a member.
750:National Academy of Sciences
740:in 1969. He was awarded the
705:
592:Marshall Space Flight Center
439:(MS) degree in 1938, at the
384:'s choice of developing the
7:
2359:Human spaceflight opponents
1182:Use of pesticides: a report
1008:Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation
780:
732:Wiesner was elected to the
537:named Wiesner to chair the
505:, he worked briefly at the
10:
2425:
2399:20th-century American Jews
2364:Jewish American scientists
2354:Fordson High School alumni
1604:Richard Cockburn Maclaurin
886:"Obituary: Jerome Wiesner"
721:From the Earth to the Moon
660:. As Kennedy's successor,
541:(PSAC) in February, 1961.
339:Science Advisory Committee
2172:
2023:
1873:
1750:
1697:
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1506:
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1488:
1483:
1456:
1448:
1440:
1432:
1092:Hansen, James R. (1999).
1042:Levine, Anold S. (1982).
710:Wiesner was portrayed by
517:during a presentation on
477:
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52:
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39:
32:
1911:Walter Ransom Gail Baker
1462:Jerome B. Wiesner papers
1452:This collection is open.
1204:Michaels, David (2008).
821:
776:Bibliography (selection)
762:Watertown, Massachusetts
569:as the strategy for its
565:decided in June 1962 on
488:MIT Radiation Laboratory
416:Early life and education
363:MIT Radiation Laboratory
341:(PSAC). Educated at the
200:Watertown, Massachusetts
2060:Shigeru Yonezawa (1982)
2030:Edward W. Herold (1976)
1982:Morris D. Hooven (1970)
1887:Alfred Norton Goldsmith
1235:RUBINSON, PAUL (2011).
1212:Oxford University Press
742:Delmer S. Fahrney Award
636:Nuclear arms limitation
490:in 1942 and working on
410:extended "enemies list"
2186:Thomas Eugene Everhart
1959:Elmer William Engstrom
1628:Samuel Wesley Stratton
1367:"Public Welfare Award"
923:University of Michigan
580:Lunar Excursion Module
567:Lunar Orbit Rendezvous
529:Kennedy administration
466:grant with folklorist
441:University of Michigan
433:electrical engineering
402:anti-ballistic missile
343:University of Michigan
333:, chosen by President
331:electrical engineering
275:Electrical engineering
219:University of Michigan
2300:John Brooks Slaughter
2276:N. R. Narayana Murthy
2209:Toshiharu Aoki (2006)
2069:Koji Kobayashi (1984)
1755:Julius Adams Stratton
1652:Howard Wesley Johnson
1646:Julius Adams Stratton
1592:Henry Smith Pritchett
1574:William Barton Rogers
1562:William Barton Rogers
1319:"Jerome Bert Wiesner"
578:launch vehicle and a
453:Interlochen, Michigan
351:Interlochen, Michigan
289:Los Alamos Laboratory
2379:MIT Media Lab people
2260:James Plummer (2015)
1773:Walter A. Rosenblith
1580:Francis Amasa Walker
1347:search.amphilsoc.org
1343:"APS Member History"
746:Public Welfare Medal
682:Nixon's enemies list
658:Princeton University
604:Cuban Missile Crisis
600:request for proposal
464:Carnegie Corporation
445:Doctor of Philosophy
2198:Mildred Dresselhaus
2139:Norman R. Augustine
2079:George H. Heilmeier
1971:Patrick E. Haggerty
1640:James Rhyne Killian
1634:Karl Taylor Compton
1492:George Kistiakowsky
1484:Government offices
1397:"Jerome B. Wiesner"
1377:on 29 December 2010
1151:1963Sci...140..878G
1124:Chariots For Apollo
1109:Chariots For Apollo
806:1994SciAm.270a..20P
793:Scientific American
770:quantum information
460:Library of Congress
449:National Music Camp
429:Bachelor of Science
386:Apollo Lunar Module
373:from 1971 to 1980.
361:development at the
347:National Music Camp
337:as chairman of his
327:Jerome Bert Wiesner
251:Vannevar Bush Award
244:IEEE Founders Medal
166:Jerome Bert Wiesner
135:George Kistiakowsky
2008:Lawrence A. Hyland
1905:Raymond A. Heising
1616:Ernest Fox Nichols
1568:John Daniel Runkle
1298:The New York Times
1241:Diplomatic History
843:The New York Times
400:, and a critic of
2321:
2320:
2157:Benjamin M. Rosen
2133:Malcolm R. Currie
2115:Roland W. Schmitt
1947:Andrew McNaughton
1830:
1829:
1821:Martin A. Schmidt
1761:Charles H. Townes
1707:
1706:
1598:Arthur Amos Noyes
1516:
1515:
1507:Succeeded by
1479:
1478:
1468:
1467:
1401:www.nasonline.org
1221:978-0-19-530067-3
834:, MIT News Office
728:Awards and honors
690:reprinted in the
674:Charles W. Colson
670:Watergate scandal
662:Lyndon B. Johnson
596:Wernher von Braun
437:Master of Science
324:
323:
265:Scientific career
235:
123:Lyndon B. Johnson
18:Jerome B. Wiesner
16:(Redirected from
2416:
2312:Tsu-Jae King Liu
2237:James F. Gibbons
2180:Robert A. Frosch
2064:Joseph M. Pettit
2045:Hanzo Omi (1979)
2014:John G. Brainerd
1977:E. Finley Carter
1941:Frederick Terman
1857:
1850:
1843:
1834:
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1791:Mark S. Wrighton
1744:
1740:Provosts of the
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1727:
1720:
1711:
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1498:Director of the
1489:Preceded by
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1373:. Archived from
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788:Morrison, Philip
736:in 1953 and the
511:Macy Conferences
443:. He received a
406:Richard M. Nixon
308:
255:
248:
221:
196:
193:October 21, 1994
175:
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157:Personal details
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96:Director of the
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2019:
1965:Harvey Fletcher
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1815:Chris A. Kaiser
1803:Robert A. Brown
1746:
1742:
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1703:
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1688:Sally Kornbluth
1676:Susan Hockfield
1670:Charles M. Vest
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1145:(3569): 878–9.
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892:The Independent
881:
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873:
824:
783:
778:
766:Stephen Wiesner
758:
730:
708:
699:Washington Post
678:President Nixon
650:
638:
616:
614:Pesticide usage
552:Project Mercury
547:
535:John F. Kennedy
531:
492:microwave radar
480:
431:(BS) degree in
418:
359:microwave radar
357:, he worked on
335:John F. Kennedy
306:
287:
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2288:Jen-Hsun Huang
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2213:Anita K. Jones
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648:Return to MIT
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2173:2001–present
2145:Gordon Moore
2109:Irwin Dorros
2033:
1998:Bill Hewlett
1992:Masaru Ibuka
1952:
1934:
1916:
1898:
1892:
1766:
1699:
1664:Paul E. Gray
1657:
1586:James Crafts
1497:
1404:. Retrieved
1400:
1391:
1379:. Retrieved
1375:the original
1361:
1350:. Retrieved
1346:
1337:
1326:. Retrieved
1322:
1313:
1301:. Retrieved
1297:
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1264:. Retrieved
1244:
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1210:. New York:
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1002:, C (eds.).
988:von Foerster
978:
964:
933:– via
916:
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900:
890:
878:
857:
854:Enemies list
849:
842:
838:
828:
800:(2): 20–27.
797:
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731:
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714:in the 1998
709:
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693:Boston Globe
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550:saying that
548:
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515:Walter Pitts
503:World War II
500:
481:
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398:arms control
375:
355:World War II
326:
325:
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281:Institutions
264:
210:Laya Wainger
195:(1994-10-21)
176:May 30, 1915
142:Succeeded by
105:
85:Succeeded by
62:
2339:1994 deaths
2334:1915 births
2282:Robin Saxby
2249:Leo Beranek
2243:F. C. Kohli
2204:Eugene Wong
2127:Akio Morita
2103:Erich Bloch
1986:Ernst Weber
1441:Identifiers
1424:Archives at
1381:18 February
1266:25 February
718:miniseries
668:During the
521:systems by
519:homeostatic
472:Pete Seeger
378:outer space
130:Preceded by
73:Preceded by
2328:Categories
2163:Bob Galvin
2049:Simon Ramo
1929:Ralph Bown
1797:Joel Moses
1504:1961–1964
1406:2022-09-14
1352:2022-09-14
1328:2022-09-14
871:References
712:Al Franken
533:President
523:Ross Ashby
468:Alan Lomax
172:1915-05-30
2192:Ray Stata
2121:Ken Olsen
2024:1976–2000
1874:1953–1975
1303:August 5,
1068:cite book
921:(Ph.D.).
748:from the
706:Portrayal
371:president
353:. During
215:Education
115:President
106:In office
90:Paul Gray
67:1971–1980
63:In office
2264:No award
1953:No award
1935:No award
1917:No award
1899:No award
1893:No award
1624:# (1922)
1612:# (1920)
1600:# (1907)
1433:Location
1261:24916480
1167:17810673
1029:Levine,
998:, H.L.;
984:Ashby, R
935:ProQuest
931:68272074
897:Archived
858:The Tech
832:Obituary
781:Articles
772:theory.
576:Saturn V
498:system.
183:Michigan
1444:MC-0420
1147:Bibcode
1139:Science
802:Bibcode
687:Science
608:Grumman
422:Silesia
179:Detroit
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1606:(1909)
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1582:(1881)
1576:(1879)
1570:(1870)
1564:(1862)
1457:Source
1449:Access
1259:
1218:
1191:748974
1189:
1165:
996:Teuber
929:
478:Career
307:(1950)
305:
296:Thesis
271:Fields
254:(1992)
247:(1977)
240:Awards
207:Spouse
202:, U.S.
185:, U.S.
1257:JSTOR
994:, M;
990:, H;
822:Notes
561:When
53:13th
2000:and
1864:IEEE
1383:2011
1305:2018
1268:2023
1216:ISBN
1187:OCLC
1163:PMID
1074:link
1000:Pias
992:Mead
927:OCLC
696:and
563:NASA
496:AWAC
382:NASA
190:Died
162:Born
1700:Key
1249:doi
1155:doi
1143:140
856:",
810:doi
798:270
716:HBO
656:of
630:DDT
622:'s
451:at
408:'s
394:DDT
349:at
232:PhD
2330::
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1066:{{
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230:,
228:MS
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224:BS
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