314:(while his father served on the Governor's Council) and served in various colonial offices after giving up his local law practice. In the prelude to the American Revolutionary War, Blair had served as a commissioner of admiralty to enforce regulations promulgated by the Virginia Revolutionary Conventions, then on the committee that prepared the Virginia Declaration of Rights and the Virginia Constitution of 1776. He served for over a year on the Council of State before being appointed as one of the judges of the General Court, the new Commonwealth's first appellate court. He also served on the High Court of Chancery, which was a predecessor of the Virginia Court of Appeals (now the
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33:
268:
318:. Blair was one of the best-trained jurists of his day. A widely respected legal scholar, he avoided the tumult of state politics, preferring to work behind the scenes. He was devoted to the idea of a permanent union of the newly independent states and was a loyal supporter of fellow Virginians
443:
and plan of government. He served on the Privy
Council, Governor Patrick Henry's major advisory group (1776–1778). The legislature elected him to a judgeship in the general court in 1778 and soon to the post of chief justice. He was also elected to Virginia's high court of chancery (1780). The
326:. While serving on the Supreme Court, he influenced the interpretation of the Constitution in a number of important decisions. Contemporaries praised Blair for his ability to penetrate to the heart of legal questions, as well as his gentleness and benevolence.
505:. The convention which was called to form the Grand Lodge was petitioned for by Williamsburg Lodge, and following their first meeting in 1777, Blair was elected the very first Grand Master of Freemasons in Virginia on October 13, 1778, in Williamsburg.
488:
two days later. Blair served on the
Supreme Court from February 2, 1790, until October 25, 1795. The court's caseload during Blair's tenure was light, with only 13 cases decided over six years. However, Blair participated in the court's landmark case of
346:. They had a large family, with ten or twelve children by various accounts, and John was the fourth child, and the eldest surviving son. His father served for decades in both houses of the colony's legislature—as a member of the
1887:
412:
and others in 1770 and again in 1774 to draft nonimportation agreements which pledged their supporters to cease importing
British goods until the taxes were repealed. In 1775, he reacted to the
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1395:
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1902:
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1700:
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408:, but the dissolution of the House of Burgesses by Parliament profoundly altered his views. In response to a series of taxes on the colonies passed by Parliament, Blair joined
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1572:
385:
Returning home to practice law, Blair was admitted to the
Virginia bar in 1757 and quickly thrust into public life. He began his public career shortly after the close of the
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1882:
1777:
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1115:
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judicial appointments automatically made Blair a member of
Virginia's first court of appeals. On the Virginia Court of Appeals, Blair participated in
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1155:
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1120:
1110:
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1978:
1079:
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1069:
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1832:
1074:
1054:
1049:
373:
As had his father, Blair attended
William & Mary, receiving a Bachelor of Arts in 1754. In 1755, he went to London to study law at the
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3606:
2270:
1322:
366:, and at his death bequeathed much of his estate to this man's father. His maternal grandfather was Rev. John Monro of St. John's Parish,
1983:
1782:
3596:
1518:
1044:
1007:
358:. His emigrant paternal grandfather, Dr. Archibald Blair, had also served as a burgess, and his brother (this man's great-uncle), Rev.
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1757:
1727:
1513:
1478:
1458:
755:
474:
323:
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1762:
955:
1973:
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2063:
1732:
1610:
355:
1747:
3631:
3601:
2285:
1375:
1370:
1297:
284:
448:(1782), which set the precedent that courts can deem legislative acts unconstitutional. The decision was a precursor to the
393:(1766–1799). He went on to become clerk of the Governor's Council, the upper house of the colonial legislature (1770–1780).
2498:
2018:
1812:
3118:
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2394:
2013:
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began, Blair became deeply involved in the government of his state. He served as a member of the convention that drew up
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1650:
687:
1993:
1355:
1030:
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909:
888:
864:
826:
799:
473:'s successor on a committee revising the laws of Virginia. The following year, he was appointed as a delegate to the
3166:
2493:
1837:
814:
501:
Blair was a very active
Freemason, and a Past Master of Williamsburg Lodge, involved in the formation of the first
439:(1776) and held a number of important committee positions, including a seat on the Committee of 28 that framed the
413:
651:
3611:
1842:
1827:
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440:
351:
267:
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2023:
1963:
1552:
818:
397:
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1742:
1615:
1420:
1302:
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760:
363:
247:
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307:
126:
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592:
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1932:
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1711:
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1415:
436:
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3076:
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1988:
1936:
1862:
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1562:
1498:
1468:
1410:
960:
502:
359:
731:
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2151:
1670:
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335:
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209:
189:
99:
926:
920:
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3197:
3142:
3112:
3100:
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2730:
2358:
1737:
1705:
1536:
1365:
1312:
493:, which is considered the first United States Supreme Court case of significance and impact.
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421:
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765:
8:
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2003:
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529:
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On
September 24, 1789, President George Washington nominated Blair for one of the five
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130:
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1968:
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1877:
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1400:
1345:
1307:
783:
470:
417:
251:
220:
469:
In 1786, the legislature, recognizing Blair's prestige as a jurist, appointed him
389:
with his election to the seat reserved for the
College of William and Mary in the
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2114:
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1942:
1924:
1660:
1630:
1488:
790:
Justices and
Presidents: A Political History of Appointments to the Supreme Court
461:
193:
342:, in 1732, to Mary (Monro) (1726–1768) and her merchant and politician husband,
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2316:
2280:
2224:
2193:
2008:
874:
856:
The Justices of the United States Supreme Court: Their Lives and Major Opinions
484:
positions on the newly established U.S. Supreme Court. He was confirmed by the
405:
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233:
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3260:
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3058:
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2618:
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2306:
2234:
2156:
2028:
1998:
1914:
1817:
1528:
1483:
401:
374:
319:
256:
838:
The Lives and Times of the Chief Justices of the United States Supreme Court
32:
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3376:
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991:
846:
679:
91:
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2410:
2290:
3424:
3322:
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2135:
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428:
who were suffering economic hardship because of Parliament's actions.
3130:
2606:
2043:
546:
521:
Blair died in Williamsburg on August 31, 1800. He was buried at the
2602:
950:
292:
103:
2078:
1508:
652:"A Man of Firmness: Justice John Blair and the Letter of the Law"
853:
Frank, John P. (1995). Friedman, Leon; Israel, Fred L. (eds.).
425:
880:
The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States
811:
The Supreme Court Justices: Illustrated Biographies, 1789–1995
3642:
United States federal judges appointed by George Washington
982:
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
45:
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
542:
List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
897:
756:"Odd Wisconsin Archives: Origins of Madison Street Names"
572:. Washington, D.C.: Supreme Court of the United States
1029:
922:
The Supreme Court Justices: A Biographical Dictionary
362:, had founded and become the first president of the
306:
A Virginia lawyer since 1757, Blair represented the
295:
and was appointed an Associate Justice on the first
904:. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Books.
794:(3rd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
283:(April 17, 1732 – August 31, 1800) was an American
3647:Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
2453:Notes of Debates in the Federal Convention of 1787
787:
3551:Also served as Chief Justice of the United States
396:Blair originally joined the moderate wing of the
3578:
686:. Chicago-Kent College of Law at Illinois Tech.
564:
562:
898:Martin, Fenton S.; Goehlert, Robert U. (1990).
3622:Delegates to the Virginia Ratifying Convention
2464:Bibliography of the United States Constitution
2561:
1015:
559:
446:The Commonwealth of Virginia v. Caton et al.
57:February 2, 1790 – October 25, 1795
513:He married his cousin, Jean Balfour Blair.
404:'s extremist resolutions in protest of the
329:
2568:
2554:
1022:
1008:
710:"Supreme Court Nominations (1789-Present)"
645:
643:
641:
639:
31:
16:US Supreme Court justice from 1790 to 1795
3662:Justices of the Supreme Court of Virginia
3637:Signers of the United States Constitution
925:. New York: Garland Publishing. pp.
2520:Scene at the Signing of the Constitution
956:Biographical Directory of Federal Judges
712:. Washington, D.C.: United States Senate
460:
100:General Court and High Court of Chancery
3627:Politicians from Williamsburg, Virginia
918:
808:
782:
636:
424:and pledging support for the people of
3579:
2899:
901:The U.S. Supreme Court: A Bibliography
690:from the original on 14 September 2016
674:
672:
3667:Founding Fathers of the United States
2898:
2588:
2549:
1003:
883:. New York: Oxford University Press.
852:
649:
616:
590:
3617:College of William & Mary alumni
2499:Constitution Day and Citizenship Day
873:
3607:American people of Scottish descent
2487:Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom
2014:Incorporation of the Bill of Rights
669:
516:
13:
3559:
2879:
2589:
2578:Supreme Court of the United States
1578:Drafting and ratification timeline
1323:District of Columbia Voting Rights
776:
354:and (on four occasions) as acting
14:
3683:
3597:18th-century American politicians
1031:Constitution of the United States
944:
1434:Convention to propose amendments
815:Supreme Court Historical Society
508:
266:
3672:Burials at Bruton Parish Church
764:. 29 March 2006. Archived from
420:by joining those calling for a
2049:Separation of church and state
748:
724:
702:
610:
584:
496:
465:Jean Balfour Blair (1736–1792)
441:Virginia Declaration of Rights
1:
3652:People from colonial Virginia
1553:Virginia Ratifying Convention
819:Congressional Quarterly Books
656:Colonial Williamsburg Journal
552:
364:College of William & Mary
248:College of William & Mary
3632:Members of the Middle Temple
3602:18th-century American judges
2514:National Constitution Center
2312:Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer
1611:Assemble and Petition Clause
859:. Chelsea House Publishers.
761:Wisconsin Historical Society
732:"Virginia Methodical Digest"
619:"John Blair (ca. 1687–1771)"
593:"John Blair (ca. 1687–1771)"
7:
2385:Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
1439:State ratifying conventions
1376:Equal Opportunity to Govern
1371:Electoral College abolition
1298:Congressional Apportionment
919:Urofsky, Melvin I. (1994).
650:Lynch, Jack (Spring 2006).
535:
450:United States Supreme Court
352:Virginia Governor's Council
308:College of William and Mary
127:College of William and Mary
10:
3688:
843:J. B. Lippincott & Co.
570:"Justices 1789 to Present"
289:United States Constitution
3557:
2907:
2894:
2877:
2597:
2584:
2472:
2444:
2424:
2403:
2372:
2346:
2325:
2299:
2263:
2212:
2181:
2165:
2144:
2123:
2102:
2086:
2077:
1956:
1838:Privileges and Immunities
1651:Congressional enforcement
1586:
1573:Rhode Island ratification
1464:Articles of Confederation
1451:
1429:
1406:Parental Rights amendment
1331:
1288:
1213:
1185:
1164:
1101:
1097:
1088:
1037:
988:
979:
974:
969:
475:Constitutional Convention
380:
324:Constitutional Convention
274:
262:
243:
226:
216:
199:
176:
171:
167:
157:
147:
136:
120:
109:
97:
85:
73:
61:
50:
43:
39:
30:
23:
2069:Unitary executive theory
1843:Privileges or Immunities
1558:New York Circular Letter
1548:Massachusetts Compromise
523:Bruton Parish Churchyard
330:Early life and education
1989:Dormant Commerce Clause
1833:Presidential succession
1568:Fayetteville Convention
1563:Hillsborough Convention
1499:Three-fifths Compromise
1479:Philadelphia Convention
1469:Mount Vernon Conference
1356:Campaign finance reform
961:Federal Judicial Center
959:, a publication of the
809:Cushman, Clare (2001).
532:is named in his honor.
503:Grand Lodge of Virginia
437:Virginia's constitution
334:John Blair was born in
3612:American Presbyterians
3564:
2884:
2152:William Samuel Johnson
2024:Nondelegation doctrine
1596:Admission to the Union
1543:Anti-Federalist Papers
1494:Connecticut Compromise
466:
350:before decades on the
316:Virginia Supreme Court
210:Williamsburg, Virginia
3563:
2883:
2731:Edward Douglass White
2359:Richard Dobbs Spaight
1828:Presidential Electors
1803:Original Jurisdiction
1743:Full Faith and Credit
1616:Assistance of Counsel
1537:The Federalist Papers
1366:Crittenden Compromise
623:Encyclopedia Virginia
597:Encyclopedia Virginia
464:
387:French and Indian War
3657:Virginia Federalists
2763:Charles Evans Hughes
2528:A More Perfect Union
2504:Constitution Gardens
2425:Convention Secretary
2087:Convention President
2059:Symmetric federalism
2054:Separation of powers
1788:Necessary and Proper
1783:Natural-born citizen
1728:Freedom of the Press
1666:Copyright and Patent
1656:Contingent Elections
1474:Annapolis Convention
486:United States Senate
422:Continental Congress
2747:William Howard Taft
2535:Worldwide influence
2276:Gunning Bedford Jr.
2004:Executive privilege
1984:Criminal sentencing
1907:Title of Nobility (
1898:Taxing and Spending
1798:Oath or Affirmation
1758:House Apportionment
1621:Case or Controversy
1504:Committee of Detail
1396:"Liberty" amendment
1361:Christian amendment
617:Van Horne, John C.
591:Van Horne, John C.
491:Chisholm v. Georgia
433:American Revolution
368:King William County
291:as a delegate from
3565:
2901:Associate justices
2885:
2189:William Livingston
2173:Alexander Hamilton
1979:Criminal procedure
1974:Constitutional law
1909:Foreign Emoluments
1873:State of the Union
1858:Self-Incrimination
1848:Recess appointment
1641:Compulsory Process
1303:Titles of Nobility
530:Madison, Wisconsin
467:
455:Marbury v. Madison
416:'s passage of the
414:British Parliament
400:cause. He opposed
391:House of Burgesses
348:House of Burgesses
340:Colony of Virginia
312:House of Burgesses
297:U.S. Supreme Court
131:Colony of Virginia
123:House of Burgesses
3574:
3573:
3570:
3569:
2890:
2889:
2843:William Rehnquist
2543:
2542:
2509:Constitution Week
2494:Independence Mall
2482:National Archives
2440:
2439:
2255:Gouverneur Morris
2240:Thomas Fitzsimons
2220:Benjamin Franklin
2094:George Washington
1994:Enumerated powers
1969:Concurrent powers
1964:Balance of powers
1793:No Religious Test
1733:Freedom of Speech
1524:Independence Hall
1447:
1446:
1351:Bricker amendment
1284:
1283:
998:
997:
989:Succeeded by
835:Flanders, Henry.
813:(2nd ed.). (
784:Abraham, Henry J.
768:on 23 April 2006.
525:in Williamsburg.
482:associate justice
410:George Washington
301:George Washington
287:, who signed the
278:
277:
68:George Washington
3679:
3553:
3453:
3307:
3245:
3201:
2917:
2896:
2895:
2827:Warren E. Burger
2635:Oliver Ellsworth
2586:
2585:
2576:Justices of the
2570:
2563:
2556:
2547:
2546:
2390:Charles Pinckney
2199:William Paterson
2131:Nathaniel Gorham
2084:
2083:
1863:Speech or Debate
1691:Equal Protection
1401:Ludlow amendment
1386:Flag Desecration
1381:Federal Marriage
1346:Blaine amendment
1308:Corwin Amendment
1099:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1024:
1017:
1010:
1001:
1000:
967:
966:
940:
915:
894:
870:
841:. Philadelphia:
832:
805:
793:
770:
769:
752:
746:
745:
743:
741:
736:
728:
722:
721:
719:
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706:
700:
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634:
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631:
629:
614:
608:
607:
605:
603:
588:
582:
581:
579:
577:
566:
528:Blair Street in
517:Death and legacy
471:Thomas Jefferson
418:Intolerable Acts
270:
206:
186:
184:
172:Personal details
160:
150:
141:
114:
88:
80:Seat established
76:
64:
55:
35:
21:
20:
3687:
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3677:
3676:
3577:
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3555:
3554:
3548:
3546:
3448:
3389:J. M. Harlan II
3302:
3240:
3196:
2912:
2903:
2886:
2875:
2874:
2779:Harlan F. Stone
2715:Melville Fuller
2683:Salmon P. Chase
2593:
2580:
2574:
2544:
2539:
2474:
2468:
2436:
2432:William Jackson
2420:
2416:Abraham Baldwin
2399:
2368:
2364:Hugh Williamson
2342:
2321:
2295:
2286:Richard Bassett
2259:
2245:Jared Ingersoll
2208:
2204:Jonathan Dayton
2177:
2161:
2140:
2119:
2115:Nicholas Gilman
2098:
2073:
2039:Reserved powers
2019:Judicial review
1952:
1748:General Welfare
1671:Double Jeopardy
1582:
1509:List of Framers
1489:New Jersey Plan
1443:
1425:
1421:Victims' Rights
1341:Balanced budget
1327:
1280:
1209:
1181:
1160:
1084:
1033:
1028:
994:
985:
947:
937:
912:
891:
875:Hall, Kermit L.
867:
829:
802:
779:
777:Further reading
774:
773:
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753:
749:
739:
737:
734:
730:
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725:
715:
713:
708:
707:
703:
693:
691:
680:"John Blair Jr"
678:
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589:
585:
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567:
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555:
538:
519:
511:
499:
383:
332:
285:Founding Father
255:
239:
217:Political party
208:
204:
203:August 31, 1800
194:British America
188:
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142:
137:
115:
110:
86:
74:
62:
56:
51:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3685:
3675:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3572:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3558:
3556:
3547:
3545:
3544:
3543:(2022–present)
3538:
3537:(2020–present)
3532:
3531:(2018–present)
3526:
3525:(2017–present)
3520:
3519:(2010–present)
3514:
3513:(2009–present)
3508:
3507:(2006–present)
3502:
3496:
3490:
3489:(1991–present)
3484:
3478:
3472:
3466:
3460:
3454:
3446:
3440:
3434:
3428:
3422:
3416:
3410:
3404:
3398:
3392:
3386:
3380:
3374:
3368:
3362:
3356:
3350:
3344:
3338:
3332:
3326:
3320:
3314:
3308:
3300:
3294:
3288:
3282:
3276:
3270:
3264:
3258:
3252:
3246:
3238:
3232:
3226:
3220:
3214:
3208:
3202:
3194:
3188:
3182:
3176:
3170:
3164:
3158:
3152:
3146:
3140:
3134:
3128:
3122:
3116:
3110:
3104:
3098:
3092:
3086:
3080:
3074:
3068:
3062:
3056:
3050:
3044:
3038:
3032:
3026:
3020:
3014:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2990:
2984:
2978:
2972:
2966:
2960:
2954:
2948:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2924:
2918:
2909:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2892:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2856:
2840:
2824:
2808:
2795:Fred M. Vinson
2792:
2776:
2760:
2744:
2728:
2712:
2699:Morrison Waite
2696:
2680:
2667:Roger B. Taney
2664:
2648:
2632:
2616:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2591:Chief justices
2582:
2581:
2573:
2572:
2565:
2558:
2550:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2524:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2478:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2428:
2426:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2376:
2374:
2373:South Carolina
2370:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2354:William Blount
2350:
2348:
2347:North Carolina
2344:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2335:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2317:Daniel Carroll
2314:
2309:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2281:John Dickinson
2278:
2273:
2267:
2265:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2225:Thomas Mifflin
2222:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2194:David Brearley
2191:
2185:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2090:
2088:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2064:Taxation power
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2009:Implied powers
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1960:
1958:
1957:Interpretation
1954:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1853:Recommendation
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1738:Fugitive Slave
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1708:
1706:Excessive Bail
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1606:Appropriations
1603:
1598:
1592:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1533:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1416:Single subject
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1337:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1294:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1191:
1189:
1187:Reconstruction
1183:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1174:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1103:Bill of Rights
1092:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1027:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1004:
996:
995:
990:
987:
978:
972:
971:
970:Legal offices
965:
964:
951:John Blair Jr.
946:
945:External links
943:
942:
941:
935:
916:
910:
895:
889:
877:, ed. (1992).
871:
865:
850:
833:
827:
806:
800:
778:
775:
772:
771:
747:
723:
701:
668:
635:
609:
583:
557:
556:
554:
551:
550:
549:
544:
537:
534:
518:
515:
510:
507:
498:
495:
382:
379:
356:royal governor
331:
328:
281:John Blair Jr.
276:
275:
272:
271:
264:
260:
259:
245:
241:
240:
238:
237:
234:John Blair Sr.
230:
228:
224:
223:
218:
214:
213:
207:(aged 68)
201:
197:
196:
187:April 17, 1732
178:
174:
173:
169:
168:
165:
164:
161:
155:
154:
151:
145:
144:
134:
133:
121:Member of the
118:
117:
107:
106:
98:Member of the
95:
94:
89:
83:
82:
77:
71:
70:
65:
59:
58:
48:
47:
41:
40:
37:
36:
28:
27:
25:John Blair Jr.
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3684:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3562:
3552:
3542:
3539:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3509:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3473:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3452:* (1972–1986)
3451:
3447:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3423:
3420:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3396:
3393:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3381:
3378:
3375:
3372:
3369:
3366:
3363:
3360:
3357:
3354:
3351:
3348:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3324:
3321:
3318:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3306:* (1925–1941)
3305:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:* (1910–1916)
3243:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3200:* (1894–1910)
3199:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3186:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2916:* (1790–1791)
2915:
2911:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2897:
2893:
2882:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2784:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2736:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2720:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2688:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2672:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2652:
2651:John Marshall
2649:
2646:
2645:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2624:
2620:
2619:John Rutledge
2617:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2571:
2566:
2564:
2559:
2557:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2471:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2459:Jacob Shallus
2457:
2455:
2454:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2402:
2396:
2395:Pierce Butler
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2380:John Rutledge
2378:
2377:
2375:
2371:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2339:
2338:James Madison
2336:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2307:James McHenry
2305:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2235:George Clymer
2233:
2231:
2230:Robert Morris
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2158:
2157:Roger Sherman
2155:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:Massachusetts
2122:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2103:New Hampshire
2101:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2029:Plenary power
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1999:Equal footing
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1920:Trial by Jury
1918:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1773:Ineligibility
1771:
1769:
1768:Import-Export
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1723:Free Exercise
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1712:Ex Post Facto
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1696:Establishment
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1646:Confrontation
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1529:Syng inkstand
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1484:Virginia Plan
1482:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1411:School Prayer
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
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1868:Speedy Trial
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1214:20th century
992:Samuel Chase
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190:Williamsburg
159:Succeeded by
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87:Succeeded by
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63:Nominated by
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18:
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3587:1732 births
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3471:(1986–2016)
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3431:T. Marshall
3427:(1965–1969)
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3361:(1941–1954)
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3337:(1939–1962)
3335:Frankfurter
3331:(1938–1957)
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3133:(1873–1882)
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3121:(1870–1880)
3115:(1863–1897)
3109:(1862–1877)
3103:(1862–1890)
3097:(1862–1881)
3091:(1858–1881)
3085:(1853–1861)
3079:(1851–1857)
3073:(1846–1870)
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3061:(1845–1872)
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3049:(1838–1852)
3043:(1837–1865)
3037:(1836–1841)
3031:(1835–1867)
3025:(1830–1844)
3019:(1829–1861)
3013:(1826–1828)
3007:(1823–1843)
3001:(1812–1845)
2995:(1811–1835)
2989:(1807–1826)
2983:(1807–1823)
2977:(1804–1834)
2971:(1800–1804)
2965:(1798–1829)
2959:(1796–1811)
2953:(1793–1806)
2947:(1792–1793)
2941:(1790–1799)
2935:(1790–1795)
2929:(1789–1798)
2923:(1790–1810)
2914:J. Rutledge
2811:Earl Warren
2411:William Few
2291:Jacob Broom
2271:George Read
2145:Connecticut
2079:Signatories
1929:Legislative
1903:Territorial
1823:Presentment
1808:Origination
1763:Impeachment
1718:Extradition
1686:Engagements
1676:Due Process
1626:Citizenship
1313:Child Labor
740:25 November
716:19 February
661:19 February
628:19 February
602:19 February
576:15 February
497:Freemasonry
360:James Blair
322:and at the
149:Preceded by
75:Preceded by
3581:Categories
3541:K. Jackson
3359:R. Jackson
3311:O. Roberts
3285:Sutherland
3267:McReynolds
3191:H. Jackson
3161:Blatchford
2981:Livingston
2975:W. Johnson
2963:Washington
2945:T. Johnson
2523:(painting)
2475:and legacy
2333:John Blair
2182:New Jersey
2136:Rufus King
2034:Preemption
1948:War Powers
1883:Suspension
1701:Exceptions
1391:Human Life
1290:Unratified
1090:Amendments
986:1789–1795
845:, 1874 at
553:References
344:John Blair
221:Federalist
183:1732-04-17
3529:Kavanaugh
3511:Sotomayor
3450:Rehnquist
3401:Whittaker
2847:1986–2005
2831:1969–1986
2815:1953–1969
2799:1946–1953
2783:1941–1946
2767:1930–1941
2751:1921–1930
2735:1910–1921
2719:1888–1910
2703:1874–1888
2687:1864–1873
2671:1836–1864
2655:1801–1835
2639:1796–1800
2607:1789–1795
2044:Saxbe fix
1933:Executive
1888:Take Care
1878:Supremacy
1753:Guarantee
1681:Elections
1452:Formation
1165:1795–1804
547:Jay Court
431:When the
406:Stamp Act
263:Signature
244:Education
163:John Page
153:Mann Page
143:1766-1770
139:In office
116:1777-1785
112:In office
53:In office
3493:Ginsburg
3463:O'Connor
3437:Blackmun
3419:Goldberg
3413:B. White
3273:Brandeis
3255:J. Lamar
3198:E. White
3167:L. Lamar
3149:Matthews
3089:Clifford
3083:Campbell
3065:Woodbury
3047:McKinley
3005:Thompson
2957:S. Chase
2951:Paterson
2603:John Jay
2326:Virginia
2300:Maryland
2264:Delaware
2166:New York
1943:Vicinage
1937:Judicial
1661:Contract
1631:Commerce
1519:Printing
1333:Proposed
1045:Preamble
1038:Articles
976:New seat
786:(1992).
688:Archived
536:See also
293:Virginia
236:(father)
104:Virginia
3535:Barrett
3523:Gorsuch
3475:Kennedy
3457:Stevens
3407:Stewart
3395:Brennan
3341:Douglas
3317:Cardozo
3297:Sanford
3211:McKenna
3205:Peckham
3125:Bradley
3035:Barbour
3023:Baldwin
3011:Trimble
2939:Iredell
2921:Cushing
2473:Display
2445:Related
2404:Georgia
1925:Vesting
1893:Takings
1778:Militia
1636:Compact
1588:Clauses
1514:Signing
1459:History
953:at the
694:26 July
398:Patriot
310:in the
3499:Breyer
3487:Thomas
3481:Souter
3469:Scalia
3443:Powell
3425:Fortas
3383:Minton
3371:Burton
3353:Byrnes
3347:Murphy
3291:Butler
3279:Clarke
3261:Pitney
3242:Hughes
3235:Lurton
3217:Holmes
3185:Shiras
3173:Brewer
3119:Strong
3101:Miller
3095:Swayne
3077:Curtis
3059:Nelson
3053:Daniel
3041:Catron
3017:McLean
2993:Duvall
2927:Wilson
2531:(film)
1915:Treaty
1818:Postal
1813:Pardon
933:
908:
887:
863:
825:
798:
426:Boston
381:Career
227:Parent
212:, U.S.
3517:Kagan
3505:Alito
3377:Clark
3323:Black
3304:Stone
3229:Moody
3179:Brown
3143:Woods
3113:Field
3107:Davis
3071:Grier
3029:Wayne
2999:Story
2969:Moore
2933:Blair
2868:cases
2852:cases
2836:cases
2820:cases
2804:cases
2788:cases
2772:cases
2756:cases
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2708:cases
2692:cases
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2644:cases
2628:cases
2612:cases
735:(PDF)
125:from
3329:Reed
3155:Gray
3131:Hunt
2987:Todd
2623:1795
931:ISBN
906:ISBN
885:ISBN
861:ISBN
823:ISBN
796:ISBN
742:2023
718:2022
696:2016
684:Oyez
663:2022
630:2022
604:2022
578:2022
200:Died
177:Born
102:for
3223:Day
1080:VII
1060:III
927:590
821:).
299:by
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