John Endecott - Knowledge

1168:, one of the colony's most vocal critics, to investigate. Endecott had advance warning of what the commission was to investigate, and took steps to address in form, if not in substance, some of the expected actions. Charles insisted that all religious dissenters be freed, which Endecott had done long before Maverick's arrival, but he did so by deporting them. Upon the commissioners' arrival, the assembly took up the matter of allowing Church of England activity in the colony. They passed a law deliberately using the king's language, allowing anyone "orthodox in religion" to practice in the colony; however, they also defined such orthodoxy as consisting of views that were acceptable to local ministers. This effectively negated the law, because there were probably no ministers in the colony who would agree that Anglicans satisfied their idea of orthodoxy. 1153:

This prompted the assembly to draft another of several laudatory letters it addressed to the king, congratulating him on his rise to power. The mint was claimed to be a bald-faced attempt to devalue good English currency, some colonists complained that the expansion of the colony's borders in 1652 was little more than a land grab, while others put forward claims of administrative malfeasance with respect to funds provided by the crown for the Christianization of Indians, and the Quakers catalogued a long list of grievances. Believing that it was best to ignore the accusations, Endecott and other members of the old guard opposed sending representatives to London to argue against these charges. Supporters of the idea raised funds in a private subscription, and sent a commission to London.

1208:. After her death in New England, he was married in 1630 to a woman whose last name was Gibson, and by 1640 he was married to Elizabeth, the daughter of Philobert Cogan of Somersetshire. It is uncertain whether these represent two different wives, or a single wife whose name was Elizabeth (Cogan) Gibson. Due to this uncertainty concerning his wives, it is not known who the mother of his two sons was. There is only firm evidence that he was already married to Elizabeth in 1640, and the records that survive for the 1630s, when his sons were born, do not otherwise identify his wife by name. Endecott's last wife, Elizabeth, was a sister-in-law of the colonial financier and magistrate 1194: 805:; Endecott responded that this was a lie, and ordered an attack on the village. Most of the villagers got away, and once again the expedition's activity was reduced to destroying the village and seizing its crop stores; Gardiner reported that "he Bay-men killed not a man." After completing this work, Endecott and the Massachusetts men boarded their boats to return to Boston, leaving Gardiner and his men to finish the removal of the crops. The Pequots regrouped and launched an attack on Gardiner's party whose armor protected them from the arrowfire, but their escape was nevertheless difficult. 3343: 448: 1137: 801:, they returned the friendly greetings of the inhabitants with stony silence. Eventually a Pequot sachem rowed out to meet them; the English delivered their demands, threatening war if they did not receive satisfaction. When the sachem left to discuss the matter in the village, Endecott gave a promise to await his return; however, shortly after the sachem left, he began landing his fully armed men on shore. The sachem rushed back, claiming the senior tribal leaders were away on 1017:, while Endecott was in Salem. More Quakers arrived while Endecott was resident in Boston, and he had them imprisoned pending trial and deportation. He met several times with the Quaker Mary Prince, after receiving an "outrageous letter" from her. The meetings were apparently fruitless, and she and the other Quakers were deported. Following these acts, the members of the New England Confederation all adopted measures for the prompt removal of Quakers from their jurisdictions. 4159: 762: 967: 680:, an avowed Separatist, heightened this conflict. Authorities there banished him, and he first went to Salem, where, due to Endecott's intervention, he was offered a position as a teacher in the local church. When word of this reached Boston, Endecott was criticised for supporting Williams, who was banished from the colony. Williams went to Plymouth, but returned to Salem a few years later, becoming the church's unofficial pastor following the death of 346: 2528: 637: 2971: 563: 1038:

third offense had been raised to death, "except they do then and there plainly and publicly renounce their said cursed opinions and devilish tenets." In October 1658 the death penalty was enacted for the second offense in Massachusetts. One year later, three Quakers were arrested and sentenced to death under this law. Two of them, Marmaduke Stephenson and William Robinson, were hanged, while the third,

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threat of Indian conflicts in neighbouring colonies prompted the colony to raise its defensive profile, in which Endecott played a leading role. Winthrop was reelected governor in 1646; after his death in 1649, Endecott succeeded him as governor. By annual re-elections Endecott served nearly continuously until his death in 1664/5; for two periods (1650–1651 and 1654–1655) he was deputy governor.

2532: 1077:", whose title character is the six-year-old son of William and Mary Dyer, as "a man of narrow mind and imperfect education, and his uncompromising bigotry was made hot and mischievous by violent and hasty passions; he exerted his influence indecorously and unjustifiably to compass the death of the enthusiasts ; and his whole contact, in respect to them, was marked by brutal cruelty." 809:

the English, Endecott's raid had the effect Gardiner predicted and feared. Communities on the Connecticut River were attacked in April 1637, and Gardiner was virtually besieged in Saybrook by Pequot forces. Endecott had no further role in the war, which ended with the destruction of the Pequots as a tribe; their land was divided up by the colonies and their Indian allies in the 1638

856:. Endecott pointed out that he should have let the French fight amongst themselves without English involvement, as this would weaken them both. The 1644 governor's election became a referendum on Winthrop's policy; Endecott was elected governor, with Winthrop as his deputy. During his one-year term he oversaw the division of the colony into four counties: 1212:. Endecott's two known children were John Endecott and Dr. Zerubabbel Endecott, neither of whom, seemingly to his disappointment, followed him into public service. There is also evidence that Endecott fathered another child in his early years in England; in about 1635 he arranged funds and instructions for the care of a minor also named John Endecott. 1042:, received a reprieve at the last minute. Dyer returned to the colony in 1660, and, under questioning by Endecott and the other magistrates, refused to either recant her beliefs or agree to permanent banishment from the colony. She was hanged on 1 June 1660; she, Stephenson, Robinson, and William Leddra (hanged in 1661) are now known as the 750:. At the time the Pequots were aggressively expansionist in their dealings with the surrounding native tribes (including the Narragansett), but had generally kept the peace with the English colonists of present-day southern New England. The accusation of the Narraganssetts angered Massachusetts authorities (then under governor 625:), chose to remain in Salem, where he was one of its leading citizens for the rest of his life, serving in roles as town councilor and militia leader, in addition to statewide roles as militia leader, magistrate, deputy governor, and governor. He established a plantation called "Orchard" in Salem Village (now known as 1046:. The severity of these acts was recognized by the colonists as problematic, and the laws were changed so that execution was the penalty for the fifth offense. (The poor treatment of Quakers and other religious dissenters would be cited as one of the reasons for revocation of the colonial charter in 1684.) 44: 994:, Endecott, according to Clarke's account of the exchange, told Clarke that he "deserved death, and said he would not have such trash brought into his jurisdiction." Clarke refused to pay the fine; it was paid by friends against his wishes, and he returned to Rhode Island. Of the three men convicted, only 1057:," named for another Quaker who suffered persecution along with husband Lawrence and at least three of her six children, daughter Provided and sons Daniel and Josiah, while Endecott was governor. Whittier characterized Endecott as "dark and haughty", and exhibiting "bitter hate and scorn" for the Quaker. 926:

on 27 May 1652, and begin production of coins from its silver reserves. This act solved a practical problem, but the colony had no authority to do so from the crown. Although this did not become an issue while Endecott was governor, it eventually became a source of controversy with the crown, and the

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captain, arrived in Boston, and the Parliamentarian sought to seize the Royalist ship. After much deliberation, Endecott's councils essentially adopted support of the Parliamentarian position, reserving the right to declare independence if the Parliament "should hereafter be a malignant spirit." The

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Endecott executed these instructions with zeal. Although most of the Indians on Block Island only briefly opposed the English landing there, he spent two days destroying their villages, crops and canoes; most of the Indians on the island successfully eluded English searches for them. English reports

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Endecott's instructions were to go to Block Island, where he was to kill all of the Indian men and take captive the women and children. He was then to go to the Pequots on the mainland, where he was to make three demands: first, that the killers of Oldham and the other trader be surrendered; second,

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Historian Alfred Cave describes Endecott's actions as a "heavy-handed provocation of an Indian war." All of the surrounding colonies protested the action, complaining that the lives of their citizens were placed in jeopardy by the raid. Since the Pequots had previously been relatively peaceful with

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Despite his high position, Endecott was never particularly affluent. According to his will, several large tracts of land, including the Orchard estate in Salem and one quarter of Block Island, were distributed to his wife and sons; however, it was also noted that some of his books were sold to pay

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Opponents to the rule of the Puritans in Massachusetts were vocal in airing their complaints to the new king. Among their complaints was the fact that Charles' ascension to power had not been formally announced; this only took place in 1661 after Endecott received a chastising order from the king.

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The measures adopted were insufficient to prevent the influx of these perceived undesirables, so harsher measures were enacted. Repeat offenders were to be punished by having ears cut off, and, on the third offense, to have the tongue "bored through with a hot iron". By 1658 the punishment for the

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Endecott's responsibility was to establish the colony and to prepare it for the arrival of additional settlers. The winters of 1629 and 1630 were difficult compared to those in England, and he called on the Plymouth Colony for medical assistance. His wife, who had been ill on the voyage over, died

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because of Williams' presence in Salem, the Salem church circulated a letter to other churches in the colony, calling the legislative act a heinous sin. Although the authorship of the letter is uncertain, Endecott defended the letter when summoned to Boston, and was consequently jailed for a day;

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was examining affairs in Massachusetts, and the colonial administration was concerned that a strong response was needed to prevent the loss of the colonial charter. Endecott was censured for the rashness of his action (and not for the act itself), and deprived of holding any offices for one year;

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One written statement made early in his tenure in May 1649 showed Endecott's dislike of a fashionable trend toward long hair: "Forasmuch as the wearing of long haire after the manner of Ruffians and barbarous Indians, hath begun to invade new England contrary to the rule of gods word ... Wee the

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In 1655 the Massachusetts assembly passed a law requiring its governor to live closer to Boston; this was probably done in response to Endecott's sixth consecutive election as governor. Endecott was consequently obliged to acquire a residence in Boston; although he returned to Salem frequently,

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Endecott's warrant was followed by an order issued by King Charles in March and received by Endecott in May 1661 containing a direct order to apprehend the two fugitives and ship them back to England. Endecott dutifully obeyed, but he appointed two recently arrived Royalists to track them down.

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Thomas Dudley was elected governor in 1645, with Winthrop as his deputy. Endecott, as a consolation, was given command of the colonial militia, reporting to the governor. He was also once again made a governor's assistant, and was chosen to represent the colony to the confederation in 1646. The

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practiced by most settlers in the Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth colonies. Early in his term as governor he visited the abandoned site of Morton's colony and had the maypole taken down. When one group of early settlers wanted to establish a church independent of that established by the colonial

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has identified problems with Lethbridge's claims, which they dispute. According to their research, Endecott may have been born in or near Chagford, but there is no firm evidence for this, nor is there evidence that identifies his parents. They conclude, based on available evidence, that he was

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singled out all of the regicides for punishment. Whalley and Goffe moved freely about the Boston area for some time, and Endecott refused to order their arrest until word arrived of the passage of the Indemnity Act. Endecott then issued a warrant for their arrest on 8 March 1661. It is unknown

1164:, was successful, and King Charles announced that he would renew the colonial charter, provided the colony allowed the Church of England to practice there. The Endecott administration dragged its feet on implementation, and after months of inaction, the king sent a commission headed by 400:. Endecott also argued that women should dress modestly and that men should keep their hair short, and issued judicial decisions banishing individuals who held religious views that did not accord well with those of the Puritans. He notoriously defaced the English flag because he saw 1281:, also of Salem, Charles Endicott, master, from Malay pirates. He and some of his officers had gone ashore to negotiate for pepper in the town of Quallah Battoo when pirates took over the ship, murdered some of her crew and looted the cargo. Captain Endicott obtained aid from 612:

and the colonial charter. The company had reorganised itself, relocating its seat to the colony itself, with Winthrop as its sole governor. After seeing the conditions at Salem, Winthrop decided to relocate the colony's seat at the mouth of the

703:'s story, "Endicott and the Red Cross", where the writer presents the "tension between Endecott as a symbol of religious intolerance and as emblem of heroic resistance to foreign domination of New England." Endecott did this at a time when the 1814: 1080:

Even though the Puritan colonists of New England were supportive of Oliver Cromwell's reign in England, they were not always receptive to Cromwell's suggestions. In response to a proposal by Cromwell that New Englanders migrate to

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debts. One unexpected legacy left behind by Endecott was the uncertain boundaries of the Orchard estate. Several generations later, his descendants were involved in litigation concerning disputed occupancy of part of the estate.

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After some discussion and delays due to bad weather, Gardiner and a company of his men agreed to accompany the Massachusetts force to raid the Pequot harvest stores. When they arrived at the Pequot village near the mouth of the

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through this connection. He was highly literate, and spoke French. Some early colonial documents refer to him as "Captain Endecott", indicating some military experience, and other records suggest he had some medical training.

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Magistrates who have subscribed this paper ... doe declare and manifest our dislike and detestation against the wearing of such long haire." In 1651 he presided over a legal case in which three people were accused of being

903:. The tract was not formally laid out until 1659, but as early as 1651 Endecott was granted an additional "three hundred acres of land to tend the furtherance of a copper works" that was adjacent to his land. Endecott hired 377:. He served a total of 16 years, including most of the last 15 years of his life. When not serving as governor, he was involved in other elected and appointed positions from 1628 to 1665 except for the single year of 1634. 668:

was the primary source of political disagreement in the colony, and it was embodied by the churches established in Boston and Salem. The Salem church adhered to Separatist teachings, which sought a complete break with the

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Somewhat predictably, their search came up empty, and Whalley and Goffe thus escaped. Biographer Lawrence Mayo suggests Endecott would have appointed different men for the search had he been serious about catching them.

742:, swarming with Indians. The Indians fled at the approach of the investigating colonists, and Oldham's body was found below the main deck. The attackers were at the time believed to be from tribes affiliated with the 1069:. Christison was the last Quaker Endecott sentenced to death for returning to Massachusetts after having been banished. He was not executed, however, because the law was changed shortly after his sentencing. Author 555:) after it was abandoned. Endecott was not formally named governor of the new colony until it was issued a royal charter in 1629. At that time, he was appointed governor by the Company's council in London, and 758:. This second perceived affront produced calls in Massachusetts for action against the Pequots. In August 1636 Governor Vane placed Endecott at the head of a 90-man force to extract justice from the Pequots. 475:

town of Chagford, which might—if he is indeed from this family—explain his interest in developing copper mining. (Based on this evidence, Chagford now has a house from the period named in Endecott's honour.)

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to the English throne. This was an immediate cause for concern in all of the colonies that had supported Cromwell, since their charters might be revoked. In Boston it created a more difficult problem for

872:. The ascent of the Salem-based Endecott also prompted an attempt by other Salem residents to have the colonial capital relocated there; the attempt was rejected by the governor's council of assistants. 439:, carved by surveyors sent to identify the Massachusetts colony's northern border in 1652. Places and institutions are named for him, and (like many early colonists) he has several notable descendants. 1811: 629:), where he cultivated seedlings of fruit trees. One particular pear tree, brought over as a sapling on one of the early settlement convoys, still lives and bears fruit; it is known as the 1013:, and these groups began their own migration to the North American colonies to escape persecution. Those that first arrived in Boston in 1656 were promptly deported by Endecott's deputy, 2994: 793:, the leader there, angrily informed Endecott when he learned of the mission's goals, "You come hither to raise these wasps around my ears, and then you will take wing and flee away." 1316:, then in use in other parts of Europe, dates between January and March were often written with both years. Dates in this article are in the Julian calendar unless otherwise noted. 1009:

consolidated his control over England in the early 1650s, he began a crackdown on religious communities that dissented from his religious views. This notably included Baptists and

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as spoils from the Pequot War, Endecott sought to establish the colony's northern boundary. In 1652 he sent a commission with surveyors to locate the most northerly point on the

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to increase its Protestant population, the Massachusetts assembly drafted a polite response, signed by Endecott, indicating that its people were happy where they were.

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Chu, Jonathan (July 1987). "Nursing a Poisonous Tree: Litigation and Property Law in Seventeenth Century Essex County, Massachusetts: The Case of Bishop's Farm".

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1635 was the only year in which he held no office. The committee managing the colonial militia voted that year to stop using the English flag as its standard.

673:, while Nonconformist teachings, which were held by Winthrop and most of the colonial leadership in Boston, sought to reform the Anglican church from within. 3024: 3208: 2563: 814: 431:. He also engaged in one of the earliest attempts to develop a mining industry in the colonies when copper ore was found on his land. His name is found on 684:

in 1634. Boston authorities called for his arrest after he made what they viewed as treasonous and heretical statements; he fled, eventually establishing

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Boston became his home for the rest of his life. Endecott died in Boston on 15 March 1664/5. Although early accounts claim he was buried at Boston's

520:; the council was at the time the umbrella organisation overseeing English colonisation efforts in North America between 40 and 48 degrees latitude. 508:

In March 1627/28, Endecott was one of seven signatories to a land grant given to "The New England Company for a Plantation in Massachusetts" (or the

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During this time Endecott argued that women should be veiled in church, and controversially defaced the local militia's flag, because it bore

471:. In the 16th century the prominent Endecott family, together with the Whiddons, Knapmans and Lethbridges, owned most of the mines around the 2022: 4676: 2222:

Wenlock Christison, and the early Friends in Talbot County, Maryland a paper read before the Maryland Historical Society, March 9th, 1874

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put to death for returning to the colony after their banishment. An expedition he led in 1636 is considered the opening offensive in the

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that winter. Other difficulties he encountered included early signs of religious friction among the colony's settlers (dividing between

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The colony's boundaries expanded somewhat during Endecott's tenure, mainly in the 1650s. In addition to formally claiming present-day

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Parliamentarian was permitted to seize the Royalist vessel, and the colony also began seizing Royalist vessels that came into port.

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views that were dominant among the colony's early leaders, which became apparent when he gave shelter to the vocally Separatist

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In 1930, the Massachusetts tercentenary was marked by the issuance of a medal bearing Endecott's likeness; it was designed by

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Very little is known of Endecott's life before his association with colonisation efforts in the 1620s. He was known to Sir

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Before he came to the colonies in 1628, Endecott was married to his first wife, Anne Gourer, who was a cousin of Governor

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which was claimed by the guides to be the source of the Merrimack. At that location, the party incised an inscription on

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with fifty or so "planters and servants" on 20 June 1628. The settlement they organized was first called Naumkeag, after

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The Founders: Portraits of Persons Born Abroad Who Came to the Colonies in North America Before the Year 1701, Volume II

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claimed as many as 14 Indians were killed, but the Narragansetts only reported one fatality. Endecott then sailed for

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state park. When this survey line was extended eastward, the boundary was determined to fall on the coast at

869: 857: 837:. The next few years were quiet, although rumors of war with the Indians led to the formation in 1643 of the 661: 576: 393: 1607: 459:, due to his significant later association with people from that area. In the early 20th century, historian 4651: 4236: 4211: 3534: 3523: 1981: 1161: 834: 540: 345: 861: 496: 432: 2590: 4661: 1165: 1058: 798: 715:

Following the incident, and the refusal of the colonial assembly to grant Salem additional land on the

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In 1643, Governor Winthrop became embroiled in a controversy over the propriety of taking sides in

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Endecott was elected deputy governor in 1641 and in this role was one of the signatories to the

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In 1639 Endecott had been granted several hundred acres of land north of Salem, in what is now

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Endecott was chosen to lead the first expedition, and sailed for the New World aboard the

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early in the 17th century, but there is no firm evidence connecting him to this Endecott.

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showing Endecott defacing the English flag. Pyle has incorrectly depicted the flag as a

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Little is known of Endecott's origins. 19th century biographers believed he hailed from

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had advance warning of the warrant, but they fled, apparently to the New Haven area.

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Critical Companion to Nathaniel Hawthorne: a Literary Reference to his Life and Work

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be made; and third, that some Pequot children be delivered to serve as hostages.

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Endecott's first tenure as governor came to an end in 1630, with the arrival of

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Muckis, twenty-five miles distant, found three vessels, among them the brig

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The Historical Collections of the Topsfield Historical Society, Volumes 1–4

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in "John Endicott", one of three dramatic poems in a collection called

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The Great Rights of Mankind: a History of the American Bill of Rights

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Endecott's role in the treatment of the Quakers was immortalized by

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leadership, he had their leaders summarily sent back to England.

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in 1629. The area was already occupied by settlers of the failed

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The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England, 1620–1633

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probably born no later than 1600. A John Endecott was active in

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after "he came and acknowledged his fault, he was discharged."

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Endecott used some of his properties to propagate fruit trees;

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list of Human Beings Enslaved by Prominent Harvard Affiliates

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in all of the colonies prompted Massachusetts to establish a

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Lives of the Governors of New Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay

1261: 1118:"regicide" commissioners who had voted to execute Charles I 954:, and the colony thus claimed most of what is now southern 919: 4032: 2653:. Boston, MA: New England Historic Genealogical Society. 2595:, New York and London: G.P. Putnam's Sons, p. 122, 1124:

that all were pardoned except by act of Parliament, the

2613:.... These vessels at once sailed to Quallah-Battoo.... 1950: 1022:

And on his horse, with Rawson, his cruel clerk at hand,

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The Complete Poetical Works of John Greenleaf Whittier

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Sat dark and haughty Endicott, the ruler of the land.

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In the early 1630s the religious conflict between the

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proposed that Endecott was born circa 1588 in or near

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Hawthorne, Nathaniel, "The Gentle Boy", reprinted in

1002:, out on bond, returned to Rhode Island with Clarke. 1267:, of Salem, H. H. Jenks, master, was engaged in the 927:mint had apparently ceased operations around 1682. 907:, an early settler who had done pioneering work at 2881: 2711:. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press. 2677: 2505:. Massachusetts Historical Society. Archived from 4643: 1982:"The Massachusetts Bay Mint Act of May 26, 1652" 16:Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (1600–1664) 2848:. Topsfield, MA: Topsfield Historical Society. 2531:. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Archived from 2244:Maggie: a Girl of the Streets and other stories 2166: 2164: 595:and dancing) were anathema to the conservative 4687:Lieutenant governors of colonial Massachusetts 3216: 2916:. American Antiquarian Society. 1857. p. 2564:"Endicott College Archives and Museum History" 990:and sentencing him to either pay a fine or be 973:being led to the gallows in 1660 (painting by 765:Engraving depicting Endecott's men landing on 503: 380:Endecott was a zealous and somewhat hotheaded 4682:English emigrants to Massachusetts Bay Colony 4018: 3202: 1156:The colonial mission, led by future governor 1029:— Excerpt from "Cassandra Southwick" by 946:that survives, and is now located in a small 833:available to all colonists, and presaged the 695:, which Williams claimed was a symbol of the 2246:. Berlin: Seven Seas Publishers, 1958, p. 29 2161: 559:was named the Company's governor in London. 3000:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography 2779:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 617:, where he founded what is now the city of 4025: 4011: 3209: 3195: 2680:John Winthrop: America's Forgotten Founder 2636:. Boston, MA: The Atlantic Monthly Press. 2386: 2384: 2200: 820: 817:Pequot boy, was sold to Endecott in 1637. 591:and libertine practices (which included a 369:, was the longest-serving governor of the 42: 2582: 2003:American Antiquarian Society, pp. 294–301 1252:(once a part of Salem) is named for him. 1099:In July 1660 word arrived in Boston that 734:In 1636 the boat of Massachusetts trader 481:New England Historic Genealogical Society 3177:Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony 3150:Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony 3131:Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony 3112:Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony 3085:Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony 2860: 2814: 2753: 2733: 2648: 2529:"Official biography of Endicott Peabody" 2219: 2213: 1967: 1965: 1956: 1352: 1350: 1348: 1346: 1344: 1192: 1135: 1120:. Although Charles promised in the 1660 965: 961: 760: 635: 561: 446: 57:Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony 2819:. Madison, WI: Rowman and Littlefield. 2381: 2302: 2300: 2272: 2270: 2145: 2143: 1780: 1778: 1732: 1730: 1711: 1709: 1681: 1679: 1304: 1302: 333:Elizabeth Gibson Married (m. 1630–1665) 4644: 2940: 2913:Transactions and Collections, Volume 3 2879: 2675: 1561: 1559: 1088: 392:. This sometimes put him at odds with 23:. For the politician from Dedham, see 4034:Lieutenant governors of Massachusetts 4006: 3190: 2959:Endecott biography, pp. 385–386. 2842:Topsfield Historical Society (1895). 2791: 2684:. New York: Oxford University Press. 2629: 2455:The American Journal of Legal History 2372: 2345: 2210:. G. Routledge and Sons. 1891. p. 498 1962: 1601: 1341: 479:However, more recent research by the 2772: 2706: 2588: 2297: 2267: 2152: 2140: 1775: 1727: 1706: 1676: 1299: 547:, had migrated from a settlement on 55:1st, 10th, 13th, 15th, and 17th 4677:Colonial governors of Massachusetts 2452: 1971:Topsfield Historical Society, p. 17 1556: 1484: 1275:when she had occasion to help free 13: 2934: 2566:. Endicott College. Archived from 1403: 416:, which practically destroyed the 14: 4713: 4672:Burials at Granary Burying Ground 2963: 2888:. New York: Infobase Publishing. 2861:Whittier, John Greenleaf (1876). 2649:Anderson, Robert Charles (1995). 1055:The Ballad of Cassandra Southwick 676:The arrival in Boston in 1631 of 4697:People from Salem, Massachusetts 4157: 3341: 3030:The New Student's Reference Work 2969: 2941:Bolton, Charles Knowles (1919). 2798:. Boston: C. D. Strong. p. 2556: 2547: 2521: 2495: 2446: 2437: 2428: 2402: 2393: 2363: 2354: 2336: 1235:Massachusetts Historical Society 852:going on in neighbouring French 518:Plymouth Council for New England 344: 2327: 2318: 2309: 2288: 2279: 2258: 2249: 2236: 2191: 2182: 2173: 2131: 2122: 2113: 2104: 2095: 2086: 2077: 2068: 2059: 2050: 2041: 2015: 2006: 1997: 1988: 1974: 1941: 1932: 1923: 1914: 1905: 1896: 1887: 1878: 1869: 1860: 1851: 1842: 1833: 1824: 1805: 1796: 1787: 1766: 1757: 1748: 1739: 1718: 1697: 1688: 1667: 1658: 1649: 1640: 1631: 1622: 1595: 1586: 1577: 1568: 1547: 1538: 1529: 1520: 1511: 1502: 1493: 1475: 1466: 1457: 1448: 1439: 1430: 1421: 1219:Endecott's descendants include 1126:Indemnity and Oblivion Act 1660 829:, which enumerated a number of 827:Massachusetts Body of Liberties 773:that a payment of one thousand 699:. This action is celebrated in 3015:New International Encyclopedia 1412: 1394: 1385: 1369:. Devon Online. Archived from 1359: 1332: 1319: 1231:William Crowninshield Endicott 1228:United States Secretary of War 1199:William Crowninshield Endicott 603: 1: 3993:indicate acting officeholders 2760:. Salem, MA: self-published. 2630:Adams, James Truslow (1921). 2622: 2589:Trow, Charles Edward (1905), 2487:: CS1 maint: date and year ( 1327:Memoirs of American Governors 1171: 723: 531:, but was eventually renamed 451:Coat of Arms of John Endecott 375:Commonwealth of Massachusetts 2792:Moore, Jacob Bailey (1851). 2773:Mayo, Lawrence Shaw (1936). 2754:Endicott, Charles M (1847). 2592:The old shipmasters of Salem 2503:"MHS Endicott Family Papers" 1604:"Endicott and the Red Cross" 1255: 845:and fugitives from justice. 835:United States Bill of Rights 495:, and may have come to know 300:15 March 1664/1665 (aged 77) 7: 4692:People from colonial Boston 2633:The Founding of New England 583:), and poor relations with 504:Settlement in the New World 10: 4718: 3218:Governors of Massachusetts 3060:Collier's New Encyclopedia 2815:Schwartz, Bernard (1992). 1092: 1059:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 883:captain, the other with a 727: 427:he planted still lives in 18: 4255: 4193: 4166: 4155: 4040: 3986: 3548: 3382: 3350: 3339: 3224: 3174: 3166: 3156: 3147: 3139: 3128: 3118: 3109: 3101: 3091: 3082: 3077: 3072: 2220:Harrison, Samuel (1878). 1188: 918:A persistent shortage of 839:New England Confederation 553:Gloucester, Massachusetts 352: 340: 323: 312: 296: 280: 275: 271: 260: 249: 237: 225: 213: 202: 190: 178: 167: 155: 143: 132: 120: 108: 97: 85: 73: 62: 54: 50: 41: 34: 2947:. The Boston Athenaeum. 2867:. Boston: J. R. Osgood. 2676:Bremer, Francis (2003). 1292: 686:Providence, Rhode Island 371:Massachusetts Bay Colony 330:Jane Francis (died 1629) 307:Massachusetts Bay Colony 2985:The American Cyclopædia 2757:Memoir of John Endecott 2746:Encyclopædia Britannica 1073:described Endecott in " 1061:recreated the trial of 1051:John Greenleaf Whittier 1031:John Greenleaf Whittier 932:Stonington, Connecticut 821:Later terms as governor 442: 3045:Encyclopedia Americana 2880:Wright, Sarah (2007). 2740:"Endecott, John" 1703:Cave, pp. 100, 107–109 1602:Hawthorne, Nathaniel. 1250:Beverly, Massachusetts 1221:Massachusetts governor 1201: 1183:Granary Burying Ground 1145: 1095:Restoration (Colonies) 1026: 978: 769: 738:was seen anchored off 657: 571: 529:the local Indian tribe 452: 429:Danvers, Massachusetts 318:Granary Burying Ground 25:John Endicott (Dedham) 4667:American slave owners 2974:Texts on Wikisource: 2707:Cave, Alfred (1996). 2206:Longfellow, Henry W. 1196: 1139: 1067:New England Tragedies 1020: 969: 962:Religious intolerance 764: 639: 565: 450: 388:attitudes toward the 1197:Endecott descendant 1122:Declaration of Breda 654:Saint George's Cross 420:tribe as an entity. 284:unknown; before 1600 238:Commissioner of the 4652:16th-century births 2509:on 26 November 2013 2390:Anderson, pg. 2:643 1637:Bremer, pp. 238–239 1356:Anderson, pg. 2:644 1242:Laura Gardin Fraser 1089:English Restoration 1071:Nathaniel Hawthorne 958:and New Hampshire. 701:Nathaniel Hawthorne 510:New England Company 404:as a symbol of the 373:, which became the 21:John Edgar Endicott 3602:Governor's Council 3512:Governor's Council 3433:Governor's Council 3421:Governor's Council 3170:Richard Bellingham 3160:Richard Bellingham 3073:Political offices 2535:on 30 January 2011 2414:GenealogyBank Blog 1817:9 May 2022 at the 1610:on 21 October 2008 1508:Moore, pp. 350–351 1314:Gregorian calendar 1202: 1146: 1063:Wenlock Christison 1015:Richard Bellingham 979: 940:Lake Winnipesaukee 811:Treaty of Hartford 770: 658: 631:Endicott Pear Tree 623:Governor's Council 589:Wessagusset Colony 572: 568:Endicott Pear Tree 551:(near present-day 537:Dorchester Company 457:Dorchester, Dorset 453: 437:Lake Winnipesaukee 232:Richard Bellingham 220:Richard Bellingham 197:Richard Bellingham 80:Office established 4662:American Puritans 4637: 4636: 4000: 3999: 3185: 3184: 3157:Succeeded by 3119:Succeeded by 3092:Succeeded by 2895:978-0-8160-5583-8 2826:978-0-945612-27-8 2718:978-1-55849-029-1 2691:978-0-19-514913-5 2660:978-0-88082-120-9 2609:... and the ship 2607:Governor Endicott 2369:Mayo, pp. 233–234 2315:Mayo, pp. 265–266 2264:Mayo, pp. 257–259 2092:Mayo, pp. 216–217 2065:Mayo, pp. 212–213 2047:Mayo, pp. 225–226 2012:Mayo, pp. 221–223 1938:Mayo, pp. 189–192 1911:Mayo, pp. 179–183 1902:Mayo, pp. 177–178 1893:Mayo, pp. 173–174 1839:Mayo, pp. 150–151 1802:Cave, pp. 162–163 1793:Cave, pp. 135–136 1772:Cove, pp. 117–118 1724:Cave, pp. 111–112 1694:Cave, pp. 105–107 1283:Governor Endicott 1265:Governor Endicott 1131:Whalley and Goffe 877:English Civil War 875:Fallout from the 831:individual rights 756:Connecticut River 693:St George's Cross 671:Church of England 516:on behalf of the 402:St George's Cross 356: 355: 244:Massachusetts Bay 4709: 4261: 4199: 4172: 4161: 4160: 4046: 4027: 4020: 4013: 4004: 4003: 3554: 3388: 3356: 3345: 3344: 3230: 3211: 3204: 3197: 3188: 3187: 3167:Preceded by 3140:Preceded by 3102:Preceded by 3070: 3069: 3064: 3049: 3034: 3019: 3004: 2989: 2973: 2958: 2929: 2907: 2887: 2876: 2857: 2838: 2811: 2788: 2769: 2750: 2742: 2730: 2703: 2683: 2672: 2645: 2616: 2615: 2586: 2580: 2579: 2577: 2575: 2560: 2554: 2551: 2545: 2544: 2542: 2540: 2525: 2519: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2499: 2493: 2492: 2486: 2478: 2450: 2444: 2441: 2435: 2432: 2426: 2425: 2423: 2421: 2406: 2400: 2397: 2391: 2388: 2379: 2376: 2370: 2367: 2361: 2358: 2352: 2349: 2343: 2340: 2334: 2331: 2325: 2322: 2316: 2313: 2307: 2304: 2295: 2292: 2286: 2283: 2277: 2274: 2265: 2262: 2256: 2253: 2247: 2240: 2234: 2233: 2217: 2211: 2204: 2198: 2195: 2189: 2186: 2180: 2179:Mayo, pp 248–249 2177: 2171: 2168: 2159: 2156: 2150: 2147: 2138: 2135: 2129: 2126: 2120: 2117: 2111: 2108: 2102: 2099: 2093: 2090: 2084: 2081: 2075: 2072: 2066: 2063: 2057: 2054: 2048: 2045: 2039: 2038: 2036: 2034: 2019: 2013: 2010: 2004: 2001: 1995: 1992: 1986: 1985: 1978: 1972: 1969: 1960: 1954: 1948: 1945: 1939: 1936: 1930: 1927: 1921: 1918: 1912: 1909: 1903: 1900: 1894: 1891: 1885: 1882: 1876: 1873: 1867: 1864: 1858: 1855: 1849: 1846: 1840: 1837: 1831: 1828: 1822: 1809: 1803: 1800: 1794: 1791: 1785: 1782: 1773: 1770: 1764: 1761: 1755: 1752: 1746: 1743: 1737: 1734: 1725: 1722: 1716: 1713: 1704: 1701: 1695: 1692: 1686: 1683: 1674: 1671: 1665: 1662: 1656: 1653: 1647: 1646:Mayo, pp. 87, 90 1644: 1638: 1635: 1629: 1626: 1620: 1619: 1617: 1615: 1606:. Archived from 1599: 1593: 1590: 1584: 1581: 1575: 1572: 1566: 1563: 1554: 1551: 1545: 1542: 1536: 1533: 1527: 1524: 1518: 1515: 1509: 1506: 1500: 1497: 1491: 1490:Endicott, pg. 26 1488: 1482: 1479: 1473: 1470: 1464: 1461: 1455: 1452: 1446: 1443: 1437: 1434: 1428: 1425: 1419: 1416: 1410: 1409:Endicott, pg. 12 1407: 1401: 1398: 1392: 1389: 1383: 1382: 1380: 1378: 1363: 1357: 1354: 1339: 1338:Endicott, pg. 11 1336: 1330: 1323: 1317: 1306: 1271:on the coast of 1246:Endicott College 1224:Endicott Peabody 1206:Matthew Craddock 1158:Simon Bradstreet 1033: 850:a power struggle 650:flag at the time 640:Illustration by 557:Matthew Craddock 541:earlier settlers 461:Roper Lethbridge 348: 276:Personal details 265: 254: 228: 216: 207: 193: 181: 172: 158: 146: 137: 123: 111: 102: 88: 76: 67: 46: 32: 31: 4717: 4716: 4712: 4711: 4710: 4708: 4707: 4706: 4642: 4641: 4638: 4633: 4259: 4258: 4251: 4197: 4196: 4189: 4170: 4169: 4162: 4158: 4153: 4044: 4043: 4036: 4031: 4001: 3996: 3982: 3552: 3551: 3544: 3386: 3385: 3378: 3354: 3353: 3346: 3342: 3337: 3228: 3227: 3220: 3215: 3180: 3172: 3162: 3153: 3145: 3134: 3124: 3115: 3107: 3097: 3088: 3052: 3037: 3022: 3007: 2992: 2977: 2966: 2955: 2937: 2935:Further reading 2932: 2910: 2896: 2827: 2719: 2692: 2661: 2625: 2620: 2619: 2587: 2583: 2573: 2571: 2562: 2561: 2557: 2552: 2548: 2538: 2536: 2527: 2526: 2522: 2512: 2510: 2501: 2500: 2496: 2480: 2479: 2451: 2447: 2442: 2438: 2434:Mayo, pp. 68–69 2433: 2429: 2419: 2417: 2416:. 12 March 2021 2408: 2407: 2403: 2398: 2394: 2389: 2382: 2377: 2373: 2368: 2364: 2359: 2355: 2350: 2346: 2341: 2337: 2332: 2328: 2323: 2319: 2314: 2310: 2305: 2298: 2293: 2289: 2284: 2280: 2275: 2268: 2263: 2259: 2254: 2250: 2241: 2237: 2218: 2214: 2205: 2201: 2196: 2192: 2187: 2183: 2178: 2174: 2169: 2162: 2157: 2153: 2148: 2141: 2137:Whittier, p. 30 2136: 2132: 2127: 2123: 2118: 2114: 2109: 2105: 2100: 2096: 2091: 2087: 2082: 2078: 2073: 2069: 2064: 2060: 2055: 2051: 2046: 2042: 2032: 2030: 2029:on 12 June 2010 2021: 2020: 2016: 2011: 2007: 2002: 1998: 1993: 1989: 1980: 1979: 1975: 1970: 1963: 1955: 1951: 1946: 1942: 1937: 1933: 1928: 1924: 1919: 1915: 1910: 1906: 1901: 1897: 1892: 1888: 1883: 1879: 1874: 1870: 1865: 1861: 1856: 1852: 1848:Schwartz, p. 51 1847: 1843: 1838: 1834: 1829: 1825: 1819:Wayback Machine 1810: 1806: 1801: 1797: 1792: 1788: 1783: 1776: 1771: 1767: 1762: 1758: 1753: 1749: 1744: 1740: 1735: 1728: 1723: 1719: 1714: 1707: 1702: 1698: 1693: 1689: 1685:Bremer, pg. 267 1684: 1677: 1672: 1668: 1663: 1659: 1655:Bremer, pg. 239 1654: 1650: 1645: 1641: 1636: 1632: 1627: 1623: 1613: 1611: 1600: 1596: 1592:Mayo, pp. 84–85 1591: 1587: 1582: 1578: 1573: 1569: 1564: 1557: 1553:Mayo, pp. 65–67 1552: 1548: 1544:Mayo, pp. 63–64 1543: 1539: 1535:Mayo, pp. 72–76 1534: 1530: 1526:Mayo, pp. 54–58 1525: 1521: 1517:Mayo, pp. 51–52 1516: 1512: 1507: 1503: 1499:Bremer, pg. 166 1498: 1494: 1489: 1485: 1480: 1476: 1472:Endicott, p. 28 1471: 1467: 1462: 1458: 1454:Mayo, pp. 13–15 1453: 1449: 1444: 1440: 1435: 1431: 1427:Bremer, pg. 151 1426: 1422: 1417: 1413: 1408: 1404: 1399: 1395: 1390: 1386: 1376: 1374: 1373:on 22 July 2011 1365: 1364: 1360: 1355: 1342: 1337: 1333: 1325:John B. 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(1911). 2735:Chisholm, Hugh 2731: 2717: 2709:The Pequot War 2704: 2690: 2673: 2659: 2646: 2626: 2624: 2621: 2618: 2617: 2581: 2570:on 5 June 2011 2555: 2546: 2520: 2494: 2467:10.2307/845691 2461:(3): 221–252. 2445: 2436: 2427: 2401: 2392: 2380: 2371: 2362: 2353: 2344: 2335: 2326: 2317: 2308: 2296: 2287: 2278: 2266: 2257: 2248: 2235: 2212: 2208:Poetical Works 2199: 2190: 2181: 2172: 2160: 2151: 2139: 2130: 2121: 2112: 2103: 2094: 2085: 2076: 2067: 2058: 2049: 2040: 2014: 2005: 1996: 1987: 1973: 1961: 1959:, p. 382. 1949: 1940: 1931: 1922: 1913: 1904: 1895: 1886: 1877: 1868: 1859: 1850: 1841: 1832: 1823: 1804: 1795: 1786: 1774: 1765: 1756: 1747: 1738: 1726: 1717: 1705: 1696: 1687: 1675: 1666: 1657: 1648: 1639: 1630: 1628:Wright, pg. 80 1621: 1594: 1585: 1576: 1567: 1555: 1546: 1537: 1528: 1519: 1510: 1501: 1492: 1483: 1474: 1465: 1456: 1447: 1438: 1429: 1420: 1418:Mayo, pp. 7–12 1411: 1402: 1393: 1384: 1358: 1340: 1331: 1318: 1297: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1257: 1254: 1190: 1187: 1173: 1170: 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3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3669: 3665: 3663: 3660: 3658: 3655: 3653: 3652: 3648: 3646: 3643: 3641: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3626: 3623: 3621: 3620: 3616: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3606: 3604: 3603: 3599: 3597: 3596: 3592: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3580: 3577: 3575: 3572: 3570: 3569: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3559: 3557: 3555: 3550:Commonwealth 3547: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3528: 3526: 3525: 3521: 3519: 3516: 3514: 3513: 3509: 3507: 3506: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3494: 3490: 3488: 3485: 3483: 3480: 3478: 3477: 3473: 3471: 3470: 3466: 3464: 3461: 3459: 3458: 3454: 3452: 3449: 3447: 3446: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3434: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3423: 3422: 3418: 3416: 3415: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3403: 3399: 3397: 3394: 3393: 3391: 3389: 3381: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3361: 3359: 3357: 3349: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3326: 3324: 3321: 3319: 3316: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3306: 3304: 3301: 3299: 3296: 3294: 3291: 3289: 3286: 3284: 3281: 3279: 3276: 3274: 3271: 3269: 3266: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3254: 3251: 3249: 3246: 3244: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3235: 3233: 3231: 3223: 3219: 3212: 3207: 3205: 3200: 3198: 3193: 3192: 3189: 3179: 3178: 3171: 3165: 3161: 3152: 3151: 3144: 3143:Thomas Dudley 3138: 3133: 3132: 3127: 3123: 3122:Thomas Dudley 3114: 3113: 3106: 3105:John Winthrop 3100: 3096: 3095:John Winthrop 3087: 3086: 3080: 3076: 3071: 3062: 3061: 3056: 3051: 3047: 3046: 3041: 3036: 3032: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3017: 3016: 3011: 3006: 3002: 3001: 2996: 2991: 2987: 2986: 2981: 2976: 2975: 2972: 2968: 2967: 2956: 2954:9781425492267 2950: 2946: 2945: 2939: 2938: 2927: 2923: 2919: 2915: 2914: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2891: 2886: 2885: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2865: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2846: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2822: 2818: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2796: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2777: 2776:John Endecott 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2758: 2752: 2748: 2747: 2741: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2714: 2710: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2687: 2682: 2681: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2662: 2656: 2652: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2634: 2628: 2627: 2614: 2612: 2608: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2593: 2585: 2569: 2565: 2559: 2553:Mayo, pg. 285 2550: 2534: 2530: 2524: 2508: 2504: 2498: 2490: 2484: 2476: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2449: 2443:Mayo, pg. 282 2440: 2431: 2415: 2411: 2405: 2396: 2387: 2385: 2375: 2366: 2357: 2348: 2339: 2330: 2321: 2312: 2303: 2301: 2291: 2282: 2273: 2271: 2261: 2252: 2245: 2239: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2216: 2209: 2203: 2197:Adams, p. 381 2194: 2185: 2176: 2167: 2165: 2155: 2146: 2144: 2134: 2125: 2116: 2107: 2098: 2089: 2080: 2071: 2062: 2053: 2044: 2028: 2024: 2018: 2009: 2000: 1994:Adams, p. 304 1991: 1983: 1977: 1968: 1966: 1958: 1957:Chisholm 1911 1953: 1944: 1935: 1926: 1917: 1908: 1899: 1890: 1881: 1872: 1863: 1857:Mayo, pg. 161 1854: 1845: 1836: 1827: 1820: 1816: 1813: 1808: 1799: 1790: 1784:Cove, pg. 119 1781: 1779: 1769: 1763:Cave, pg. 117 1760: 1754:Cave, pg. 116 1751: 1745:Cave, pg. 114 1742: 1736:Cave, pg. 113 1733: 1731: 1721: 1715:Cave, pg. 109 1712: 1710: 1700: 1691: 1682: 1680: 1673:Cave, pg. 104 1670: 1661: 1652: 1643: 1634: 1625: 1609: 1605: 1598: 1589: 1580: 1571: 1562: 1560: 1550: 1541: 1532: 1523: 1514: 1505: 1496: 1487: 1478: 1469: 1460: 1451: 1442: 1433: 1424: 1415: 1406: 1397: 1391:Mayo, pp. 6–7 1388: 1372: 1368: 1362: 1353: 1351: 1349: 1347: 1345: 1335: 1328: 1322: 1315: 1311: 1305: 1303: 1298: 1290: 1288: 1285:and the ship 1284: 1280: 1279: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1263: 1260:In 1831, the 1253: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1238: 1236: 1232: 1229: 1225: 1222: 1217: 1213: 1211: 1207: 1200: 1195: 1186: 1184: 1180: 1179:King's Chapel 1169: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1154: 1150: 1143: 1138: 1134: 1132: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1116:, two of the 1115: 1114:William Goffe 1111: 1106: 1105:been restored 1102: 1096: 1086: 1084: 1078: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1053:in his poem " 1052: 1047: 1045: 1041: 1034: 1032: 1025: 1018: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1003: 1001: 1000:John Crandall 998:was whipped; 997: 993: 989: 985: 976: 972: 968: 959: 957: 953: 949: 948:New Hampshire 945: 941: 937: 933: 928: 925: 921: 916: 914: 910: 909:an iron works 906: 902: 898: 893: 889: 886: 882: 878: 873: 871: 867: 863: 859: 855: 851: 846: 844: 840: 836: 832: 828: 818: 816: 812: 806: 804: 800: 794: 792: 791:Lion Gardiner 788: 782: 780: 776: 768: 763: 759: 757: 753: 749: 745: 744:Narragansetts 741: 737: 731: 721: 718: 713: 710: 706: 705:Privy Council 702: 698: 694: 689: 687: 683: 679: 674: 672: 667: 663: 655: 651: 647: 643: 638: 634: 632: 628: 624: 620: 616: 615:Charles River 611: 610:John Winthrop 601: 598: 594: 590: 586: 585:Thomas Morton 582: 578: 569: 564: 560: 558: 554: 550: 546: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 521: 519: 515: 511: 501: 498: 494: 489: 487: 482: 477: 474: 470: 466: 462: 458: 449: 440: 438: 434: 430: 426: 421: 419: 415: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 394:Nonconformist 391: 387: 383: 378: 376: 372: 368: 364: 360: 359:John Endecott 351: 347: 343: 339: 332: 329: 328: 326: 322: 319: 315: 313:Resting place 311: 308: 304: 299: 295: 291: 288: 283: 279: 274: 270: 264: 259: 253: 248: 245: 241: 236: 233: 230: 224: 221: 218: 212: 206: 201: 198: 195: 189: 186: 185:Thomas Dudley 183: 177: 171: 166: 163: 162:Thomas Dudley 160: 154: 151: 150:John Winthrop 148: 142: 136: 131: 128: 127:Thomas Dudley 125: 119: 116: 115:John Winthrop 113: 107: 101: 96: 93: 92:John Winthrop 90: 84: 81: 78: 72: 66: 61: 58: 53: 49: 45: 40: 36:John Endecott 33: 30: 26: 22: 4639: 4260:(since 1776) 4118: 4108: 4093: 3990: 3955: 3743: 3666: 3649: 3617: 3600: 3593: 3566: 3553:(since 1776) 3522: 3510: 3503: 3491: 3474: 3467: 3455: 3443: 3431: 3419: 3412: 3400: 3317: 3307: 3297: 3282: 3237: 3175: 3148: 3129: 3110: 3083: 3078: 3058: 3043: 3028: 3013: 2998: 2983: 2943: 2912: 2883: 2863: 2844: 2816: 2794: 2775: 2756: 2744: 2708: 2679: 2650: 2632: 2611:James Monroe 2610: 2606: 2604: 2591: 2584: 2572:. 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Retrieved 1371:the original 1361: 1334: 1326: 1321: 1287:James Monroe 1286: 1282: 1277: 1269:pepper trade 1264: 1259: 1239: 1218: 1214: 1210:Roger Ludlow 1203: 1175: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1140:Portrait of 1098: 1079: 1066: 1048: 1036: 1027: 1021: 1004: 980: 929: 917: 894: 890: 874: 847: 824: 807: 799:Thames River 795: 783: 771: 767:Block Island 740:Block Island 733: 714: 690: 675: 659: 607: 573: 545:Roger Conant 524: 522: 507: 490: 478: 454: 422: 379: 362: 358: 357: 262: 251: 227:Succeeded by 204: 192:Succeeded by 169: 157:Succeeded by 134: 122:Succeeded by 99: 87:Succeeded by 79: 64: 29: 4657:1665 deaths 4544:A. Coolidge 4494:C. Coolidge 4469:Frothingham 4314:W. Phillips 4289:S. Phillips 4198:(1692–1776) 4171:(1686–1689) 4045:(1629–1686) 3881:Saltonstall 3739:W. Washburn 3709:E. Washburn 3657:Lincoln Jr. 3619:Lincoln Sr. 3387:(1692–1776) 3355:(1686–1689) 3229:(1629–1686) 2399:Mayo, p. 56 1614:12 February 1463:Mayo, p. 22 1445:Mayo, p. 15 1436:Mayo, p. 12 1400:Mayo, pg. 4 1162:John Norton 1160:and pastor 988:John Clarke 975:Howard Pyle 803:Long Island 736:John Oldham 666:Separatists 648:, when the 642:Howard Pyle 604:Early 1630s 581:Separatists 493:Edward Coke 425:a pear tree 367:New England 215:Preceded by 180:Preceded by 145:Preceded by 110:Preceded by 75:Preceded by 4702:Pequot War 4646:Categories 4574:Richardson 4489:G. Cushing 4359:Huntington 4299:L. Lincoln 4274:B. Lincoln 4269:T. Cushing 4237:Hutchinson 4144:Bradstreet 4129:Willoughby 4124:Bellingham 4089:Bellingham 4074:Bellingham 3796:Greenhalge 3535:Hutchinson 3524:Hutchinson 3374:Bradstreet 3333:Bradstreet 3323:Bellingham 3313:Bellingham 3273:Bellingham 3181:1655–1664 3154:1651–1654 3135:1649-1650 3116:1644-1645 3089:1629-1630 3079:New office 2623:References 2574:9 February 2539:2 February 2513:2 February 1367:"Chagford" 1278:Friendship 1172:Last years 1142:Charles II 1101:Charles II 911:in nearby 752:Henry Vane 730:Pequot War 724:Pequot War 646:Union Jack 597:Puritanism 414:Pequot War 386:Separatist 316:Tomb 189, 292:, possibly 4599:E. Murphy 4564:McLaughin 4559:R. Murphy 4334:Armstrong 4247:T. Oliver 4242:A. Oliver 4207:Stoughton 4195:Province 4185:Nicholson 4180:Stoughton 4168:Dominion 4114:T. Dudley 4104:T. Dudley 4084:T. Dudley 4064:T. Dudley 3668:Armstrong 3439:J. Dudley 3427:J. Dudley 3414:Stoughton 3408:Bellomont 3402:Stoughton 3384:Province 3364:J. Dudley 3352:Dominion 3303:T. Dudley 3288:T. Dudley 3268:T. Dudley 3248:T. Dudley 2904:470959440 2835:231305677 2700:237802295 2033:4 January 1377:5 January 1256:Namesakes 1144:, c. 1653 1040:Mary Dyer 971:Mary Dyer 952:Casco Bay 901:Topsfield 866:Middlesex 543:, led by 512:) by the 341:Signature 267:1658–1658 263:In office 256:1646–1648 252:In office 209:1655–1664 205:In office 174:1651–1654 170:In office 139:1649–1650 135:In office 104:1644–1645 100:In office 69:1629–1630 65:In office 4629:Driscoll 4604:Cellucci 4569:Bellotti 4554:Whittier 4549:Sullivan 4539:Bradford 4514:Youngman 4434:Brackett 4384:Goodrich 4374:Benchley 4364:Plunkett 4329:Winthrop 4232:S. Phips 4149:Danforth 4134:Leverett 4119:Endecott 4109:Endecott 4099:Winthrop 4094:Endecott 4079:Winthrop 4059:Humphrey 3951:Cellucci 3891:Bradford 3846:Coolidge 3786:Brackett 3776:Robinson 3704:Clifford 3699:Boutwell 3613:Sullivan 3505:S. Phips 3493:S. Phips 3396:W. 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