1150:(7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) on their own power, a unique combined steam-based heating and distillation system for the comfort of the crew and to provide large quantities of fresh water for the engine's boilers, a mechanism that enabled the iron rudder and propeller to be drawn into iron wells to protect them from damage, ships' libraries of more than 1,000 books, and three years' worth of conventionally preserved or tinned preserved food supplies. The tinned preserved food was supplied by a cut-rate provisioner who was awarded the contract a few months before the ships were to sail.
1393:, was very neat and orderly, but the Inuit descended into the darkness of the hull with their seal-oil lamps, where they found a tall dead man in an inner cabin. Grenier believes it was there they recovered the copper, which was more valuable than gold to them, and tools, including shears from the ship's workshop with which to work it. Hauntingly, they also reported that one of the masts was on fire. Grenier wonders if what they saw was the funnel from the galley still smoking from a meal cooked that morning before the last of Franklin's men disappeared from history.
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516:, he soon became interested in a career at sea. His father, who intended for Franklin to enter the church or become a businessman, was initially opposed but was reluctantly convinced to allow him to go on a trial voyage on a merchant ship when he was aged 12. His experience of seafaring only confirmed his interest in a career at sea, so in March 1800, Franklin's father secured him a
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surviving expedition members abandoned their ice-locked ships are wrong. He believes both ships drifted southwards, with at least two crew remaining until the final destruction of their vessels. One broke up, but Inuit hunters arriving at their summer hunting grounds reported discovering another ship floating in fresh ice in a cove. The ship, probably the
1371:, starvation, and disease, including scurvy, had killed everyone in the Franklin party. In October 2009, marine archaeologist Robert Grenier outlined recent discoveries of sheet metal and copper which have been recovered from 19th-century Inuit hunting sites. Grenier firmly believes these pieces of metal once belonged to the
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urged the
Admiralty to send a search party. Because the crew carried supplies for three years, the Admiralty waited another year before launching a search and offering a £20,000 reward (equivalent to £2,308,624 in 2023) for finding the expedition. The money and Franklin's fame led to
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In the summer of 1850, several expeditions, including three from
England as well as one from the United States, joined in the search. They converged off the east coast of Beechey Island, where the first relics of the Franklin expedition were found, including the gravesites of three of Franklin's
1388:
After studying 19th-century Inuit oral testimony – which included eyewitness descriptions of starving, exhausted men staggering through the snow without condescending to ask local people how they survived in such a wilderness – believes the 19th-century official accounts that all the
1366:
In 1997, more than 140 years after his report, Dr. Rae's account was finally vindicated; cut marks caused by blades were discovered on the bones of some of the crew found on King
William Island, strongly suggesting that conditions had become so dire that some crew members resorted to
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Exploration of the Arctic coastal mainland after
Franklin's second Arctic expedition had left less than 500 km (311 mi) of unexplored Arctic coastline. The British decided to send a well-equipped Arctic expedition to complete the charting of the Northwest Passage. After Sir
489:, the ninth of twelve children born to Hannah Weekes and Willingham Franklin. His father was a merchant descended from a line of country gentlemen, while his mother was the daughter of a farmer. One of his brothers later entered the legal profession and eventually became a judge in
726:
and Parry became frozen-in 900 mi to the east. At this time, the only known points on the north coast were a hundred or so miles east from the Bering Strait, the mouth of the
Mackenzie, Franklin's stretch east of the Coppermine, and a bit of the
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cannibalism. Evidence suggestive of breakage and boiling of bones, characteristic of efforts to extract marrow, was subsequently identified. It appeared from these studies that a combination of bad weather, years locked in ice, poisoned food,
505:. John Franklin must have been affected by an obvious desire to better his social and economic position, given that his elder brothers struggled, sometimes successfully and sometimes not, to establish themselves in a wide variety of careers.
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on the cans' interior edges, allowing lead to leach into the food. Additionally, the water distillation system may have used lead piping and lead-soldered joints, which would have produced drinking water with a high lead content.
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carried 64 guns and, at the time of
Franklin's appointment, was still at sea. He did not join the vessel until the autumn of 1800. Initially serving as a first-class volunteer, Franklin soon saw action in the
1340:, led to a further 25 searches over the next four decades, none of which would add much further information of note regarding Franklin and his men, but contributed hugely to the mapping of the Arctic.
3220:
2165:
Gibson, William (1937). "Sir John
Franklin's Last Voyage: A brief history of the Franklin expedition and the outline of the researches which established the facts of its tragic outcome".
688:. Their daughter, Eleanor Isabella, was born the following year. His wife died of tuberculosis in 1825. Eleanor Isabella married Reverend John Philip Gell in 1849. She died in 1860.
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1192:, the expedition backtracked and finally harboured in that far north outpost to prepare for the rest of their voyage. Five crew members were discharged and sent home on the
1590:, in "pristine" condition. The wrecks were found many miles south of their last known location off the northwest coast of King William Island; archaeologists believe the
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must have been crewed and sailed to its new location, as the anchor was used and it was sailed through a maze of islands and channels. The wrecks are designated as the
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to accompany the rededication of the national monument to Sir John
Franklin. It was a celebration of the contributions made by the United Kingdom in the charting of
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Between 1819 and 1822, he lost 11 of the 20 men in his party. Most died of starvation or exhaustion, but there were also at least one murder and suggestions of
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hunters. He was told both ships had become icebound, and the men had tried to reach safety on foot but had succumbed to cold, and some had resorted to cannibalism.
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may have worked to have the
Lieutenant-Governor's private botanical gardens, established in 1818, managed as a public resource. Lady Franklin also established a
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of
Franklin and some participants of his last expedition, taken in England days before their departure, in The Guardian, 15 June 2024, retrieved 15 June 2024
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750:, became the second European to reach its mouth. He erected a flagpole with buried letters for Parry. He returned to winter at Fort Franklin (modern-day
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declined an offer to command the expedition, an invitation was extended to Franklin, who, despite being 59 years old, accepted what was to become
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Though the provisioner's "patent process" was sound, the haste with which he had prepared thousands of cans of food led to sloppily-applied beads of
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on the first of September 1827. Richardson's eastward journey was more successful. Franklin's diary from this expedition describes his men playing
3026:
Davis, Richard C. (1998). "Sir John Franklin's Journals and Correspondence: The Second Arctic Land Expedition, 1825–1827". The Champlain Society.
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3302:
3015:
Davis, Richard C. (1995). "Sir John Franklin's Journals and Correspondence: The First Arctic Land Expedition, 1819–1822". The Champlain Society.
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For years after the loss of the Franklin party, the media of the Victorian era portrayed Franklin as a hero who led his men in the quest for the
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on the ice of the Great Bear Lake; Délı̨nę, built on the site of Fort Franklin, thus considers itself to be one of the birthplaces of the sport.
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in Tasmania, as well as many streets and schools, including Sir John Franklin School, Calgary, AB. The Australian oceanographic research vessel
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in April 1802. On this trip he was accompanied by Captain Reid of The Briars and Andrew Murison McCrae of Arthurs Seat Station, now known as
460:, where he died in June 1847. The icebound ships were abandoned ten months later, and the entire crew died from causes such as starvation,
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1433:. A statue of Franklin in his home town bears the inscription: "Discoverer of the North West Passage". Statues of Franklin outside the
1282:, headed for the Arctic. Eventually, more ships and men were lost looking for Franklin than in the expedition itself. Ballads such as "
284:
2574:
Mays, S; Beattie, O (4 August 2015). "Evidence for End-stage Cannibalism on Sir John Franklin's Last Expedition to the Arctic, 1845".
758:. The following summer he went downriver and found the ocean frozen. He worked his way west for several hundred miles and gave up on
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1949:
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1525:, and honoured the loss of life in the pursuit of geographical discovery. The service also marked the 150th anniversary of
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The Voyage of the 'Fox' in the Arctic Seas. A Narrative of the Discovery of the Fate of Sir John Franklin and His Companions
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which had been seen briefly from the land.) Supplies were better organised this time, in part because they were managed by
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using the standard HBC route, Franklin took a reconnaissance trip 1,000 mi (1,600 km) down the Mackenzie and on
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and surrounding lands to support it near Hobart. Sir John and Lady Jane Franklin adopted the daughter of the chief of an
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2381:"Arctic Paleoradiology: Portable Radiographic Examination of Two Frozen Sailors from the Franklin Expedition (1845–48)"
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1897:
27:
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Sutton, Ann, and Myron Sutton. Journey into Ice; John Franklin and the Northwest Passage,. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1965
796:, a friend of his first wife and a seasoned traveller who proved indomitable in the course of their life together. On
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and even attempted to eat their own leather boots. This gained Franklin the nickname of "the man who ate his boots".
120:
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Kowall, W.A.; Krahn, P.M.; Beattie, O.B. (1989). "Lead Levels in Human Tissues from the Franklin Forensic Project".
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in 1996. The explorer was also memorialised when one of Canada's Northwest Territories subdivisions was named the
1132:. Most of them were Englishmen, many were from northern England, and a small number were Irishmen and Scotsmen.
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1351:, began a 10-year series of scientific studies that showed that the Beechey Island crew had most likely died of
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His wife worked to set up a university, which was eventually established in 1890, and a museum, credited to the
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photograph of Franklin taken in 1845, prior to the expedition's departure. He is wearing the 1843–1846 pattern
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Kowall, Walter; Beattie, Owen B.; Baadsgaard, Halfdan (25 January 1990). "Did solder kill Franklin's men?".
2182:"Identification of the Probable Source of the Lead Poisoning Observed in Members of the Franklin Expedition"
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Shortly after leaving his post as Lieutenant Governor of Van Diemen's Land, Franklin revisited a cairn on
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in 1837 but was removed from office in 1843. He is remembered by a significant landmark in the centre of
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at Robinson Falls and was rescued by a member of his expedition about 90 m (98 yd) downstream.
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were sturdily built and were outfitted with recent inventions. These included steam engines from the
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British polar exploration and research: a historical and medallic record with biographies, 1818–1999
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Wrecks of HMS Erebus and HMS Terror National Historic Site of Canada in which the statue was put up
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A memorial to Franklin was set up almost immediately on the assumption of his death. This is in
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3127:
3126: – Arctic Passage Part 1 – Prisoners of the Ice (TV documentary). See also program
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Owen Beatle and John Geiger (1992). "Buried in ice: The mystery of a lost arctic expedition"
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for the Hudson's Bay Company, discovered the true fate of the Franklin party from talking to
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Sir John Franklin's Journals and Correspondence: The First Arctic Land Expedition, 1819–1822
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Rae's report to the Admiralty was leaked to the press, which led to widespread revulsion in
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1200:, reducing the ships' final crew size to 129. The expedition was last seen by Europeans on
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at Return Reef when he was about 150 mi (240 km) east of Beechey's Point Barrow.
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1865:. Vol. II (3rd ed.). London: John Murray. p. 279 – via Gutenberg.org.
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bear similar inscriptions. There is also a memorial to him in the Chapel of St Michael at
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in September 1846. According to a note later found on that island, Franklin died there on
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who would follow the coast east from the Mackenzie to the mouth of the Coppermine River.
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3167:"Records of Sir John Franklin (269 items from 1810-early 20th century) Ref D8760/F/FSJ"
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Notman, Derek N.H.; Anderson, Lawrence; Beattie, Owen B.; Roger, Amy (August 1987).
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A Dreamtime of Dromana: A History of Dromana Through the Eyes of a Pioneering Family
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both bear his name. The wintering site of Franklin's second Canadian expedition, in
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2338:"The last Franklin Expedition: report of a postmortem examination of a crew member"
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A history of Tasmania. Volume 1. Van Diemen's Land from the earliest times to 1855
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Hutchinson, Gillian (2009). "Searching for Franklin and the Northwest Passage"
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during the late 20th century somewhat supported the Inuit accounts of reported
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The Arctic Fox: Francis Leopold McClintock, Discoverer of the fate of Franklin
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1286:", commemorating Lady Franklin's search for her lost husband, became popular.
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Amy, Roger; Bhatnagar, Rakesh; Damkjar, Eric; Beattie, Owen (15 July 1986).
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2005:
1928:
1406:"Discoverer of the North West Passage" – a disputed or exaggerated claim on
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2934:. Centre for Tasmanian Historical Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart.
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Keenleyside, Anne; Bertulli, Margaret & Fricke, Henry C. (March 1997).
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1356:
1348:
1189:
1040:
923:
877:
723:
622:
326:
176:
3039:
A Tale of Ambition and Unrealised Hope: John Montagu and Sir John Franklin
2408:
2399:
2380:
2365:
1650:
7000:
6811:
6648:
6548:
6496:
6314:
6101:
5889:
5264:
5196:
4958:
4817:
4780:
4680:
4672:
4480:
3816:
3535:
3475:
3386:
1517:
In 2009, a special service of Thanksgiving was held in the chapel at the
1477:
1147:
888:
and was raised with their own daughter Eleanor, but she was abandoned in
656:
600:
461:
421:
349:
3280:
2524:
2307:
1290:
crewmen. Many presumed Franklin was still alive, and he was promoted to
6447:
6350:
6334:
6176:
6109:
6010:
5419:
5368:
5328:
4650:
4376:
4304:
4246:
3639:
3607:
2992:
Ice Blink: The Tragic Fate of Sir John Franklin's Lost Polar Expedition
2884:
2784:"Ship found in Arctic 168 years after doomed Northwest Passage attempt"
2768:
1583:
1402:
1121:
900:
782:
648:
559:
517:
413:
308:
2502:
Keenleyside, Anne; Bertulli, Margaret; Fricke, Henry C. (March 1997).
2263:
Fatal Passage: The True Story of John Rae, the Arctic Hero Time Forgot
1780:"Dog watch of HMS Trent including daily observations and calculations"
5969:
4806:
4358:
4141:
3095:
To the Arctic!: The Story of Northern Exploration from Earliest Times
2695:"'Nelsons of Discovery': Notes on the Franklin Monument in Greenwich"
2603:"Copper clue may solve mystery of doomed Victorian Arctic expedition"
2559:
2445:
1352:
1113:
1095:
778:
603:
against the United States, Franklin, now a lieutenant, served aboard
3551:
2801:
Wrecks of HMS Erebus and HMS Terror National Historic Site of Canada
2587:
1248:
978:
is at centre, coloured a darker green, above the dotted line of the
5901:
1533:, and that expedition's return to London with news of the tragedy.
1438:
1368:
1318:
1170:
889:
651:
to chart the north coast of Canada eastwards from the mouth of the
618:
416:
officer, explorer and colonial administrator. After serving in the
2504:"The Final Days of the Franklin Expedition: New Skeletal Evidence"
2289:"The final days of the Franklin Expedition: new skeletal evidence"
1514:(Leucophaeus pipixcan) of North America was also named after him.
6528:
5908:
4173:
4149:
4137:
2673:
Déline Fishery / Franklin's Fort National Historic Site of Canada
2655:
Déline Fishery / Franklin's Fort National Historic Site of Canada
2024:
The hidden story of Mathinna: spirited, gifted, utterly destroyed
1253:
911:
of Tasmania, one of the better known Tasmanian rivers due to the
831:
617:
Franklin commanded HMS Trent in 1818 on a journey from London to
490:
482:
457:
172:
4695:
2954:
Frozen in Time: Unlocking the Secrets of the Franklin Expedition
2621:
Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660-1851 by Rupert Gunnis p.275
1177:
for supplies. From Scotland, the ships sailed to Greenland with
703:
from which he would follow the coast westward and possibly meet
621:, now Svalbard. The overall expedition was commanded by Captain
547:'s squadron. An expedition around the coast of Australia aboard
4774:
4099:
2638:
2012:. 26 May 1837. p. 3 – via NLA Australian Newspapers.
1174:
1154:
841:
692:
684:
In 1823, after returning to England, Franklin married the poet
667:
465:
2713:"Taissumanni, Nov. 20: Re-dedication of the Franklin Monument"
930:, Australia, that he had visited as a midshipman with Captain
4160:
1598:, with the precise locations of the discoveries undisclosed.
1448:
Many geographic locales are named after Franklin, among them
1310:
673:
1268:
At one point, ten British and two American ships,
1079:, and Franklin was named the expedition commander. Captain
722:
would try to sail west from the Atlantic. (Beechey reached
2378:
2335:
1596:
Wrecks of HMS Erebus and HMS Terror National Historic Site
1556:
Wrecks of HMS Erebus and HMS Terror National Historic Site
956:
The routes that were thought likely to have been taken by
2871:
2501:
2286:
1645:. The Publications of the Champlain Society. p. 12.
3145:
Finding Franklin: The Untold Story of a 165-Year Search.
2469:
International Journal Environmental Analytical Chemistry
99:
5 January 1837 – 21 August 1843
26:"Sir John Franklin" redirects here. For other uses, see
7319:
People educated at King Edward VI Grammar School, Louth
5365:
2421:
2144:. Dromana and District Historical Society. p. 22.
2097:. Vol. 1. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
2046:. Vol. 1. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
1901:. Vol. 1. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
1536:
Franklin's time in Tasmania was dramatised in the play
2985:
The Royal Navy in Polar Exploration, Franklin to Scott
1375:
and formed the protective plating of the ship's hull.
1260:
After two years and no word from the expedition,
1862:
Narrative of a Journey to the Shores of the Polar Sea
941:
1691:
1612:
1610:
1188:. After misjudging the location of Whitefish Bay on
2969:
Frozen In Time: The Fate of the Franklin Expedition
1252:Engraving of Charles Bacon's statue of Franklin in
1225:It is now believed that the expedition wintered on
1098:, was appointed executive officer and commander of
691:In 1825, he left for his second Canadian and third
7329:Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)
3158:Poulsom, Neville W. & Myres, J. A. L. (2000).
2844:
2555:"Sailors sucked the marrow out of their shipmates"
2466:
1739:
1715:
1622:
1245:, but the exact location of his grave is unknown.
412:(16 April 1786 – 11 June 1847) was a British
6702:
1727:
1703:
1679:
1667:
1607:
857:Not here! The white north hath thy bones and thou
655:. On his 1819 expedition, Franklin fell into the
7195:
3215:Unraveling the Franklin Mystery: Inuit Testimony
1294:in October 1852, an example of an unintentional
892:when the Franklins returned to England in 1843.
1814:. Vol. VII (1836–1850) (online ed.).
773:and spent the rest of the winter and spring at
2216:
832:1837: Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land
632:
452:in 1845, Franklin's ships became icebound off
16:British naval officer and explorer (1786–1847)
6688:
3567:
3296:
2956:. Saskatoon: Western Producer Prairie Books.
2764:"Sir John Franklin: Fabled Arctic ship found"
872:in 1843 under the leadership of her husband.
844:—a statue of him dominates the park known as
2947:Deadly Wintre: The Life of Sir John Franklin
2924:. Vol. 178, no. 3. September 1990.
2756:
7339:Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
2920:"Franklin Saga Deaths: A Mystery Solved?".
2863:
2573:
2252:
2250:
2035:
497:; while a sister, Sarah, was the mother of
6695:
6681:
3574:
3560:
3303:
3289:
3255:
3241:
3147:Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press
2823:Directory of Federal Heritage Designations
2677:Directory of Federal Heritage Designations
1976:"Deline, NWT: The 'birthplace' of hockey?"
1822:
699:. The goal this time was the mouth of the
674:1823: Marriage and third Arctic expedition
67:
7279:Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society
3310:
3065:Franklin: Tragic Hero of Polar Navigation
2635:Historical Memorials of Westminster Abbey
2576:International Journal of Osteoarchaeology
2398:
2355:
2179:
2173:
1852:
707:who would try to sail northeast from the
643:In 1819, Franklin was chosen to lead the
19:For other people with similar names, see
6632:Pole of Inaccessibility research station
2952:Beattie, Owen, and Geiger, John (1989).
2256:
2247:
2233:
2086:
2010:The Hobart Town Courier (Tas: 1827–1839)
1890:
1858:
1757:
1401:
1247:
1112:
1106:, and received official instructions on
951:
838:Lieutenant Governor of Van Diemen's Land
442:Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land
234:
87:Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land
7344:Royal Navy personnel of the War of 1812
6207:Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition
2967:Beattie, Owen and Geiger, John (2004).
2692:
2600:
2552:
1973:
1803:
1575:, and, in September 2016, the wreck of
1359:. Toxicological reports indicated that
998: Around Cornwallis Island, 1845–46
861:Art passing on thine happier voyage now
260:
7234:Australian penal colony administrators
7196:
3188:. Melbourne, Oxford University Press.
3132:Payton, Brian (2009). The Ice Passage
2891:
2743:
2710:
2164:
2137:
2016:
1721:
1628:
1161:The Franklin Expedition set sail from
820:, he was made Knight Commander of the
230:
6676:
5351:
3593:
3581:
3555:
3284:
1640:
1204:, when Captain Dannett of the whaler
2842:
2806:Canadian Register of Historic Places
2660:Canadian Register of Historic Places
2567:
2343:Canadian Medical Association Journal
1974:Boswell, Randy (17 September 2011).
1950:"Gell; Eleanor Isabella (1824-1860)"
1875:
1784:Cambridge University Digital Library
1745:
1733:
1709:
1697:
1685:
1673:
1616:
903:, is named in his honour, as is the
808:and the same year awarded the first
765:Reaching safety at Fort Franklin on
5993:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
4190:Norse colonization of North America
2895:The Life of Sir John Franklin, R.N.
2744:Potter, Russell (6 November 2009).
2594:
2080:
2029:
2026:, 936 ABC Hobart, 16 February 2011.
1880:. London: John Murray. p. 303.
1797:
1378:A quote from the British newspaper
666:. The survivors were forced to eat
13:
7254:English explorers of North America
5522:United States Exploring Expedition
2931:The Companion to Tasmanian History
2912:
2094:Australian Dictionary of Biography
2043:Australian Dictionary of Biography
1898:Australian Dictionary of Biography
1830:"Great Canadian Rivers: The Hayes"
1777:
1343:In the mid-1980s, Owen Beattie, a
1256:in 1861, prior to its installation
942:1845: Northwest Passage expedition
530:Commanded by Captain Lawford, the
424:, he led two expeditions into the
28:Sir John Franklin (disambiguation)
14:
7365:
6596:Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station
5964:Australasian Antarctic Expedition
3228:
2928:Alexander, Alison (editor) (2005)
2864:O'Byrne, William Richard (1849).
2711:Harper, Kenn (19 November 2009).
2601:Kennedy, Maev (28 October 2009).
2553:Kennedy, Dominic (29 July 2015).
2386:American Journal of Roentgenology
1836:. 29 October 2001. Archived from
1808:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
1767:. 9 March 1815. pp. 446–449.
1321:remains of crew members found on
1146:that enabled the ships to make 4
1124:undress tailcoat with cocked hat.
6490:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
5883:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
3367:
3207:Unsolved Mysteries of the Arctic
2243:. 2 November 1852. p. 2867.
2089:"Franklin, Sir John (1786–1847)"
1982:. Nunatsiaq News. Archived from
1859:Franklin, John (3 August 2006).
1811:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
1560:In September 2014, the wreck of
1504:National Historic Site of Canada
1102:. Franklin was given command on
971:
558:, followed, with Franklin now a
301:
283:
3272:Works by or about John Franklin
2874:A Naval Biographical Dictionary
2812:
2794:
2776:
2737:
2704:
2686:
2666:
2648:
2624:
2615:
2546:
2495:
2460:
2415:
2372:
2329:
2280:
2227:
2217:M'Clintock, Francis L. (1859).
2210:
2158:
2131:
2038:"Sir John Franklin (1786–1847)"
1998:
1967:
1942:
1884:
1869:
1771:
1751:
1641:Davis, Richard C., ed. (2013).
1301:In 1854, the Scottish explorer
922:, a small mountain just inside
428:and through the islands of the
256:
226:
7214:19th-century British explorers
2189:Journal of the Hakluyt Society
2099:Australian National University
2087:Kathleen, Fitzpatrick (1966).
2048:Australian National University
2036:Fitzpatrick, Kathleen (1966).
1903:Australian National University
1893:"John Philip Gell (1816–1898)"
1634:
1549:
446:his third and final expedition
21:John Franklin (disambiguation)
1:
7244:Recipients of the Polar Medal
6703:Royal Navy Arctic exploration
5869:Japanese Antarctic Expedition
5804:Scottish Antarctic Expedition
5352:
3239:Biodiversity Heritage Library
2809:. Retrieved 29 October 2013.
1891:Woodward, Frances J. (1966).
1601:
1450:Franklin Island in Antarctica
1317:evidence of cut marks on the
510:King Edward VI Grammar School
476:
448:, an attempt to traverse the
7284:Fellows of the Royal Society
6226:Soviet Antarctic Expeditions
6042:Shackleton–Rowett Expedition
5848:French Antarctic Expeditions
5778:Swedish Antarctic Expedition
5664:Belgian Antarctic Expedition
3782:Lady Franklin Bay Expedition
2922:National Geographic Magazine
2663:. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
1544:The Franklins of Hobart Town
1454:Franklin Island in Greenland
1410:'s 1866 statue of Franklin,
1363:was also a possible factor.
1144:London and Greenwich Railway
471:
7:
7209:19th-century English people
7204:18th-century English people
5311:Nuclear-powered icebreakers
4990:Austro-Hungarian Expedition
3855:Andrée's balloon expedition
3143:Potter, Russell A. (2016).
3112:. Cork: The Collins Press,
2180:Battersby, William (2008).
1816:University of Toronto Press
1529:'s voyage aboard the yacht
1468:north of Tasmania, and the
1128:The crew was chosen by the
633:1819: Coppermine expedition
610:and was wounded during the
10:
7370:
7294:Franklin's lost expedition
7224:1840s missing person cases
4512:Franklin's lost expedition
4212:Christian IV's expeditions
3594:
3093:Mirsky, Jeannette (1970).
2867:"Franklin, John (a)"
2835:
2266:. Toronto: HarperCollins.
1553:
1237:became trapped in ice off
1063:Franklin's lost expedition
948:Franklin's lost expedition
945:
824:and a Knight of the Greek
697:Mackenzie River expedition
680:Mackenzie River expedition
677:
636:
572:, frightening off Admiral
444:from 1837 to 1843. During
438:Mackenzie River expedition
371:Mackenzie River expedition
25:
18:
7045:
6775:
6708:
6329:
6060:
5647:
5387:
5364:
5360:
5347:
4866:Great Northern Expedition
4760:
4542:Rae–Richardson expedition
4291:
4136:
3742:British Arctic Expedition
3634:
3606:
3602:
3589:
3425:
3376:
3365:
3318:
2489:10.1080/03067318908028385
1542:and its radio adaptation
1397:
1068:A younger man, Commander
870:Royal Society of Tasmania
705:Frederick William Beechey
562:. He accompanied Captain
384:
358:
340:French Revolutionary Wars
332:
322:
314:
296:
291:
279:
275:Eleanor Isabella Franklin
271:
203:
183:
159:
154:
150:
138:
126:
114:
92:
85:
81:
66:
37:
7349:Van Diemen's Land people
7334:Royal Navy rear admirals
6717:Phipps expedition (1773)
6150:British Antarctic Survey
6144:Captain Arturo Prat Base
5389:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
3319:Lieutenant-Governors of
3171:Derbyshire Record Office
3063:Lambert, Andrew (2009).
2746:"A Night of Polar Stars"
1954:Derbyshire Record Office
1292:Rear-Admiral of the Blue
1218:moored to an iceberg in
913:Franklin Dam controversy
588:. He was present at the
574:Charles de Durand-Linois
543:participated as part of
7314:Naval history of Canada
7289:Formerly missing people
7274:Explorers of the Arctic
7239:British polar explorers
6791:Sir Alexander Armstrong
6626:Pole of inaccessibility
6289:Antarctic Treaty System
4630:2nd Grinnell expedition
3108:Murray, David. (2004).
3088:Lady Franklin's Revenge
2990:Cookman, Scott (2001).
2983:Coleman, E. C. (2006).
2851:. London: Ernest Benn.
2847:Franklin: Happy Voyager
1804:Holland, Clive (1988).
1569:Wilmot and Crampton Bay
1072:, was given command of
884:tribe. She was renamed
863:Toward no earthly pole
836:Franklin was appointed
554:, commanded by Captain
440:of 1825, and served as
198:North-Western Territory
145:Sir John Eardley-Wilmot
7264:Explorers of Australia
6938:Sir Leopold McClintock
6731:Mackenzie River (1825)
3263:Works by John Franklin
3249:Works by John Franklin
3235:Works by John Franklin
3221:Fotos (Daguerreotypes)
3202:Stefánsson, Vilhjálmur
2892:Traill, H. D. (1896).
2223:. London: John Murray.
2138:McLear, Colin (2006).
1586:on the south coast of
1415:
1395:
1305:, while surveying the
1284:Lady Franklin's Lament
1257:
1184:and a transport ship,
1125:
1053:
1023:Prince of Wales Island
866:
7299:Governors of Tasmania
6896:Sir Edward Inglefield
6847:Sir Richard Collinson
6745:Rae–Richardson (1848)
6296:Transglobe Expedition
6195:Operation Deep Freeze
5604:Challenger expedition
4470:Coppermine expedition
3991:Drifting ice stations
3312:Governors of Tasmania
2898:London: John Murray.
2400:10.2214/ajr.149.2.347
1878:John Franklin's Bride
1651:10.3138/9781442618091
1500:Northwest Territories
1405:
1386:
1345:University of Alberta
1338:British Establishment
1251:
1116:
972:2014–2016 rediscovery
955:
882:indigenous Australian
854:
826:Order of the Redeemer
814:Société de Géographie
645:Coppermine expedition
639:Coppermine expedition
614:on 14 December 1814.
612:Battle of Lake Borgne
503:Alfred, Lord Tennyson
493:; another joined the
481:Franklin was born in
434:Coppermine expedition
376:Franklin's expedition
366:Coppermine expedition
7036:Sir Henry Stephenson
6973:Sir Erasmus Ommanney
6910:Skeffington Lutwidge
6882:William Hulme Hooper
3184:Robson, L.L. (1983)
3037:Joel, C. R. (2011).
2843:Lamb, G. F. (1956).
2790:. 12 September 2016.
2750:Visions of the North
1876:Gell, Edith (1930).
1806:"Franklin, Sir John"
1567:was rediscovered in
1508:District of Franklin
1485:Canadian Coast Guard
1460:in northern Canada,
1296:posthumous promotion
1094:of 1841–1844 to the
1083:, who had commanded
1004: Northwest off
822:Royal Guelphic Order
737:Hudson's Bay Company
720:William Edward Parry
537:Battle of Copenhagen
233:; died
7324:People from Spilsby
7269:Explorers of Canada
7008:Sir John Richardson
6917:George Francis Lyon
6466:South magnetic pole
5132:Brusilov expedition
4241:Danish colonization
3679:North magnetic pole
3417:Viscount Gormanston
3162:. London: Savannah.
2945:Beardsley, Martyn.
2772:. 9 September 2014.
2525:10.14430/arctic1089
2481:1989IJEAC..35..119K
2438:1990Natur.343..319K
2317:on 16 February 2008
2308:10.14430/arctic1089
1840:on 21 December 2013
1588:King William Island
1582:was discovered, in
1519:Royal Naval College
1502:, was designated a
1323:King William Island
1239:King William Island
1006:King William Island
988: Disko Bay to
976:King William Island
686:Eleanor Anne Porden
590:Battle of Trafalgar
578:Battle of Pulo Aura
485:, Lincolnshire, on
454:King William Island
215:Eleanor Anne Porden
194:King William Island
6994:Constantine Phipps
6945:Sir Robert McClure
6931:Sir Albert Markham
6833:Sir Edward Belcher
6805:Sir Horatio Austin
6157:Operation Windmill
6138:Operation Highjump
5113:Rusanov expedition
5018:A. E. Nordenskiöld
4762:North East Passage
4566:McClure expedition
3213:Woodman, David C.
2971:(Revised edition).
2700:. pp. 77–105.
2693:Lewis-Jones, Huw.
2240:The London Gazette
1986:on 9 February 2015
1764:The London Gazette
1573:Adelaide Peninsula
1527:Francis McClintock
1416:
1258:
1126:
1054:
859:Heroic sailor soul
733:Peter Warren Dease
718:At the same time,
495:East India Company
430:Arctic Archipelago
315:Service years
7354:Maritime folklore
7249:Canadian folklore
7191:
7190:
7029:Sir Edward Sabine
6903:Sir Henry Kellett
6875:Sir John Franklin
6826:Frederick Beechey
6759:McClintock (1857)
6724:Coppermine (1819)
6670:
6669:
6666:
6665:
6662:
6661:
6124:Operation Tabarin
5986:Far Eastern Party
5832:Nimrod Expedition
5343:
5342:
5339:
5338:
4902:M. Pronchishcheva
4824:Siberian Cossacks
4293:Northwest Passage
3626:Research stations
3583:Polar exploration
3549:
3548:
3451:Ellison-Macartney
3321:Van Diemen's Land
3267:Project Gutenberg
2534:on 9 October 2022
2432:(6256): 319–320.
2198:on 8 January 2020
2151:978-0-9757127-6-4
2108:978-0-522-84459-7
2057:978-0-522-84459-7
1912:978-0-522-84459-7
1700:, pp. 15–16.
1660:978-0-9693425-4-0
1491:Sir John Franklin
1443:Westminster Abbey
1437:in London and in
1431:Northwest Passage
1420:Westminster Abbey
1334:Victorian society
1307:Boothia Peninsula
1035:Boothia Peninsula
1017:Cornwallis Island
970:, prior to their
767:21 September 1826
450:Northwest Passage
411:
391:Sir John Franklin
388:
387:
133:Sir George Arthur
73:1828 portrait by
7361:
7304:Knights Bachelor
7259:English folklore
7184:
7175:
7166:
7157:
7148:
7139:
7130:
7121:
7112:
7103:
7094:
7085:
7076:
7067:
7058:
7038:
7031:
7024:
7017:
7010:
7003:
6996:
6989:
6987:Sir Edward Parry
6982:
6975:
6968:
6966:Sir George Nares
6961:
6954:
6947:
6940:
6933:
6926:
6924:Rochfort Maguire
6919:
6912:
6905:
6898:
6891:
6884:
6877:
6870:
6863:
6856:
6854:Samuel Cresswell
6849:
6842:
6835:
6828:
6821:
6814:
6807:
6800:
6793:
6786:
6768:
6761:
6754:
6747:
6740:
6733:
6726:
6719:
6697:
6690:
6683:
6674:
6673:
6171:Ronne Expedition
5656:
5650:
5514:Dumont d'Urville
5362:
5361:
5349:
5348:
4897:V. Pronchishchev
3604:
3603:
3591:
3590:
3576:
3569:
3562:
3553:
3552:
3371:
3305:
3298:
3291:
3282:
3281:
3276:Internet Archive
3259:
3245:
3181:
3179:
3177:
2978:The Arctic Grail
2925:
2907:
2888:
2878:
2869:
2860:
2850:
2830:
2816:
2810:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2780:
2774:
2773:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2721:. Archived from
2708:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2690:
2684:
2670:
2664:
2652:
2646:
2645:; 1882), p. 240.
2628:
2622:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2533:
2527:. Archived from
2508:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2446:10.1038/343319b0
2419:
2413:
2412:
2402:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2359:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2316:
2310:. Archived from
2293:
2284:
2278:
2277:
2254:
2245:
2244:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2197:
2191:. Archived from
2186:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2033:
2027:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1778:Waring, Sophie.
1775:
1769:
1768:
1755:
1749:
1743:
1737:
1731:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1683:
1677:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1638:
1632:
1626:
1620:
1614:
1472:and the town of
1462:Franklin, Quebec
1244:
1203:
1168:
1109:
1105:
1059:James Clark Ross
1003:
997:
987:
936:McCrae Homestead
932:Matthew Flinders
924:Port Phillip Bay
819:
799:
791:
772:
771:20 February 1827
768:
761:
749:
744:Great Slave Lake
695:expedition, the
653:Coppermine River
587:
586:14 February 1804
556:Matthew Flinders
488:
436:of 1819 and the
410:
393:
307:
305:
304:
292:Military service
287:
264:
262:
258:
238:
236:
232:
228:
190:
169:
167:
155:Personal details
141:
129:
110:
108:
104:
97:
71:
61:
35:
34:
7369:
7368:
7364:
7363:
7362:
7360:
7359:
7358:
7194:
7193:
7192:
7187:
7178:
7169:
7160:
7151:
7142:
7133:
7124:
7115:
7106:
7097:
7088:
7079:
7070:
7061:
7052:
7041:
7034:
7027:
7020:
7013:
7006:
6999:
6992:
6985:
6978:
6971:
6964:
6957:
6950:
6943:
6936:
6929:
6922:
6915:
6908:
6901:
6894:
6887:
6880:
6873:
6868:James Fitzjames
6866:
6861:Francis Crozier
6859:
6852:
6845:
6838:
6831:
6824:
6819:Sir John Barrow
6817:
6812:Sir George Back
6810:
6803:
6796:
6789:
6782:
6771:
6764:
6757:
6750:
6743:
6738:Franklin (1845)
6736:
6729:
6722:
6715:
6704:
6701:
6671:
6658:
6333:
6325:
6201:McMurdo Station
6070:Modern research
6068:
6056:
5791:O. Nordenskjöld
5654:
5648:
5643:
5559:Ross expedition
5383:
5356:
5335:
4764:
4756:
4297:Northern Canada
4295:
4287:
4140:
4132:
3638:
3630:
3598:
3585:
3580:
3550:
3545:
3421:
3372:
3363:
3314:
3309:
3231:
3226:
3175:
3173:
3165:
2919:
2915:
2913:Further reading
2910:
2838:
2833:
2817:
2813:
2799:
2795:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2742:
2738:
2728:
2726:
2725:on 6 March 2012
2709:
2705:
2697:
2691:
2687:
2671:
2667:
2653:
2649:
2629:
2625:
2620:
2616:
2599:
2595:
2588:10.1002/oa.2479
2572:
2568:
2551:
2547:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2506:
2500:
2496:
2465:
2461:
2420:
2416:
2377:
2373:
2334:
2330:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2291:
2285:
2281:
2274:
2255:
2248:
2232:
2228:
2215:
2211:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2184:
2178:
2174:
2163:
2159:
2152:
2136:
2132:
2109:
2085:
2081:
2058:
2034:
2030:
2022:Raabus, Carol:
2021:
2017:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1989:
1987:
1980:NunatsiaqOnline
1972:
1968:
1958:
1956:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1933:
1931:
1913:
1889:
1885:
1874:
1870:
1857:
1853:
1843:
1841:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1802:
1798:
1788:
1786:
1776:
1772:
1756:
1752:
1744:
1740:
1732:
1728:
1720:
1716:
1708:
1704:
1696:
1692:
1684:
1680:
1672:
1668:
1661:
1639:
1635:
1627:
1623:
1615:
1608:
1604:
1558:
1552:
1523:northern Canada
1512:Franklin's gull
1458:Franklin Strait
1422:to a design of
1400:
1265:many searches.
1242:
1220:Lancaster Sound
1207:Prince of Wales
1201:
1198:Barretto Junior
1186:Barretto Junior
1166:
1107:
1104:7 February 1845
1103:
1092:Ross expedition
1081:Francis Crozier
1070:James Fitzjames
1052:
1051:
1047:Mackenzie River
1029:Somerset Island
1010:
1009:
1001:
999:
995:
993:
985:
983:
950:
944:
895:The village of
865:
862:
860:
858:
846:Franklin Square
834:
818:25 January 1836
817:
797:
790:5 November 1828
789:
770:
766:
759:
756:Great Bear Lake
747:
742:After reaching
729:Gulf of Boothia
713:John Richardson
711:. With him was
701:Mackenzie River
682:
676:
641:
635:
592:in 1805 aboard
585:
582:South China Sea
564:Nathaniel Dance
520:appointment on
486:
479:
474:
456:in what is now
426:Canadian Arctic
418:Napoleonic Wars
394:
380:
354:
345:Napoleonic Wars
302:
300:
267:
266:
254:
250:
240:
224:
220:
217:
192:
188:
171:
165:
163:
139:
127:
106:
102:
100:
98:
93:
77:
75:Thomas Phillips
62:
45:
43:
40:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7367:
7357:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7316:
7311:
7309:Lost explorers
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7211:
7206:
7189:
7188:
7186:
7185:
7176:
7167:
7158:
7149:
7140:
7131:
7122:
7113:
7104:
7095:
7086:
7077:
7068:
7059:
7049:
7047:
7043:
7042:
7040:
7039:
7032:
7025:
7018:
7015:Sir James Ross
7011:
7004:
6997:
6990:
6983:
6980:Sherard Osborn
6976:
6969:
6962:
6959:Arthur Morrell
6955:
6948:
6941:
6934:
6927:
6920:
6913:
6906:
6899:
6892:
6885:
6878:
6871:
6864:
6857:
6850:
6843:
6836:
6829:
6822:
6815:
6808:
6801:
6798:Pelham Aldrich
6794:
6787:
6779:
6777:
6773:
6772:
6770:
6769:
6766:British (1875)
6762:
6755:
6752:McClure (1850)
6748:
6741:
6734:
6727:
6720:
6712:
6710:
6706:
6705:
6700:
6699:
6692:
6685:
6677:
6668:
6667:
6664:
6663:
6660:
6659:
6657:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6640:
6639:
6634:
6622:
6621:
6620:
6618:Vostok Station
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6572:
6571:
6569:Cherry-Garrard
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6534:
6533:
6532:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6486:
6485:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6462:
6461:
6460:
6455:
6450:
6445:
6433:
6432:
6431:
6419:
6418:
6417:
6409:Southern Cross
6405:
6404:
6403:
6390:
6389:
6388:
6375:
6370:
6369:
6368:
6355:
6354:
6353:
6339:
6337:
6331:Farthest South
6327:
6326:
6324:
6323:
6318:
6311:
6310:
6309:
6304:
6292:
6285:
6284:
6283:
6282:
6281:
6269:
6268:
6267:
6255:
6254:
6253:
6246:
6241:
6222:
6221:
6220:
6215:
6203:
6198:
6191:
6190:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6167:
6166:
6165:
6153:
6146:
6141:
6134:
6133:
6132:
6120:
6119:
6118:
6106:
6105:
6104:
6092:
6085:
6080:
6074:
6072:
6058:
6057:
6055:
6054:
6053:
6052:
6038:
6037:
6036:
6028:Ross Sea party
6024:
6015:
6014:
6013:
6008:
6003:
5989:
5982:
5981:
5980:
5975:
5960:
5955:
5954:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5914:
5913:
5912:
5905:
5898:
5893:
5879:
5878:
5877:
5865:
5864:
5863:
5858:
5844:
5843:
5842:
5828:
5821:
5820:
5819:
5812:
5800:
5799:
5798:
5793:
5788:
5774:
5773:
5772:
5767:
5753:
5752:
5751:
5746:
5732:
5731:
5730:
5725:
5722:Southern Cross
5715:Southern Cross
5711:
5710:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5659:
5657:
5645:
5644:
5642:
5641:
5640:
5639:
5627:
5626:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5600:
5595:
5594:
5593:
5580:
5574:
5555:
5554:
5553:
5540:
5539:
5538:
5533:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5478:
5477:
5465:
5464:
5463:
5461:Bellingshausen
5451:
5444:
5439:
5438:
5437:
5424:
5423:
5422:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5393:
5391:
5385:
5384:
5382:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5358:
5357:
5345:
5344:
5341:
5340:
5337:
5336:
5334:
5333:
5332:
5331:
5320:
5308:
5303:
5296:
5289:
5288:
5287:
5275:
5274:
5273:
5261:
5260:
5259:
5247:
5246:
5245:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5222:
5221:
5209:
5208:
5207:
5193:
5192:
5191:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5158:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5128:
5127:
5126:
5121:
5109:
5104:
5103:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5073:
5072:
5071:
5057:
5056:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5027:
5026:
5025:
5020:
5005:
5004:
5003:
4998:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4920:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4770:
4768:
4766:Russian Arctic
4758:
4757:
4755:
4754:
4749:
4748:
4747:
4733:
4732:
4731:
4726:
4712:
4707:
4706:
4705:
4691:
4690:
4689:
4677:
4676:
4675:
4662:
4661:
4660:
4648:
4647:
4646:
4641:
4626:
4625:
4624:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4596:
4595:
4590:
4582:
4577:
4562:
4557:
4556:
4555:
4550:
4538:
4533:
4532:
4531:
4523:
4508:
4507:
4506:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4455:
4454:
4441:
4440:
4439:
4426:
4425:
4424:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4395:
4394:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4355:
4354:
4349:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4301:
4299:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4274:
4273:
4268:
4256:
4251:
4250:
4249:
4237:
4236:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4208:
4203:
4201:Snæbjörn galti
4198:
4193:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4164:
4157:
4152:
4146:
4144:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4103:
4096:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4068:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4051:
4037:
4030:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
3994:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3963:
3962:
3961:
3947:
3938:
3937:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3891:
3890:
3885:
3870:
3865:
3864:
3863:
3851:
3850:
3849:
3837:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3802:
3801:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3758:
3753:
3738:
3737:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3644:
3642:
3636:Farthest North
3632:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3600:
3599:
3587:
3586:
3579:
3578:
3571:
3564:
3556:
3547:
3546:
3544:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3486:Baron Rowallan
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3432:
3430:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3383:
3381:
3374:
3373:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3361:
3356:
3354:Eardley-Wilmot
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3325:
3323:
3316:
3315:
3308:
3307:
3300:
3293:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3269:
3260:
3246:
3230:
3229:External links
3227:
3225:
3224:
3218:
3211:
3199:
3196:
3182:
3163:
3156:
3141:
3130:
3121:
3106:
3091:
3076:
3061:
3050:
3035:
3024:
3013:
3002:
2988:
2981:
2975:Berton, Pierre
2972:
2965:
2950:
2943:
2926:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2889:
2861:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2811:
2793:
2775:
2755:
2736:
2718:Nunatsiaq News
2703:
2685:
2665:
2647:
2623:
2614:
2593:
2582:(5): 778–786.
2566:
2545:
2494:
2475:(2): 119–126.
2459:
2414:
2393:(2): 347–350.
2371:
2350:(2): 115–117.
2328:
2279:
2272:
2246:
2226:
2209:
2172:
2157:
2150:
2130:
2107:
2079:
2056:
2028:
2015:
1997:
1966:
1941:
1911:
1883:
1868:
1851:
1821:
1796:
1770:
1750:
1738:
1726:
1714:
1702:
1690:
1678:
1666:
1659:
1633:
1621:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1554:Main article:
1551:
1548:
1470:Franklin River
1466:Franklin Sound
1435:Athenaeum Club
1412:Waterloo Place
1399:
1396:
1361:lead poisoning
1227:Beechey Island
1165:, England, on
1050:
1049:
1043:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1012:
1011:
1000:
994:
990:Beechey Island
984:
946:Main article:
943:
940:
905:Franklin River
855:
833:
830:
816:of France. On
775:Fort Chipewyan
760:16 August 1826
748:16 August 1825
678:Main article:
675:
672:
647:overland from
637:Main article:
634:
631:
545:Horatio Nelson
499:Emily Tennyson
478:
475:
473:
470:
386:
385:
382:
381:
379:
378:
373:
368:
362:
360:
356:
355:
353:
352:
347:
342:
336:
334:
330:
329:
324:
320:
319:
316:
312:
311:
298:
294:
293:
289:
288:
281:
277:
276:
273:
269:
268:
252:
246:
245:
244:
243:
222:
218:
213:
212:
211:
210:
207:
205:
201:
200:
191:(aged 61)
185:
181:
180:
161:
157:
156:
152:
151:
148:
147:
142:
136:
135:
130:
124:
123:
118:
112:
111:
90:
89:
83:
82:
79:
78:
72:
64:
63:
44:
41:
38:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7366:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7207:
7205:
7202:
7201:
7199:
7183:
7182:
7177:
7174:
7173:
7168:
7165:
7164:
7159:
7156:
7155:
7150:
7147:
7146:
7141:
7138:
7137:
7132:
7129:
7128:
7123:
7120:
7119:
7114:
7111:
7110:
7105:
7102:
7101:
7096:
7093:
7092:
7087:
7084:
7083:
7078:
7075:
7074:
7069:
7066:
7065:
7060:
7057:
7056:
7051:
7050:
7048:
7044:
7037:
7033:
7030:
7026:
7023:
7022:Sir John Ross
7019:
7016:
7012:
7009:
7005:
7002:
6998:
6995:
6991:
6988:
6984:
6981:
6977:
6974:
6970:
6967:
6963:
6960:
6956:
6953:
6952:George Mecham
6949:
6946:
6942:
6939:
6935:
6932:
6928:
6925:
6921:
6918:
6914:
6911:
6907:
6904:
6900:
6897:
6893:
6890:
6889:Henry Hoppner
6886:
6883:
6879:
6876:
6872:
6869:
6865:
6862:
6858:
6855:
6851:
6848:
6844:
6841:
6837:
6834:
6830:
6827:
6823:
6820:
6816:
6813:
6809:
6806:
6802:
6799:
6795:
6792:
6788:
6785:
6781:
6780:
6778:
6774:
6767:
6763:
6760:
6756:
6753:
6749:
6746:
6742:
6739:
6735:
6732:
6728:
6725:
6721:
6718:
6714:
6713:
6711:
6707:
6698:
6693:
6691:
6686:
6684:
6679:
6678:
6675:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6629:
6628:
6627:
6623:
6619:
6616:
6615:
6614:
6613:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6541:
6540:
6539:
6535:
6531:
6530:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6498:
6494:
6493:
6492:
6491:
6487:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6469:
6468:
6467:
6463:
6459:
6456:
6454:
6451:
6449:
6446:
6444:
6441:
6440:
6439:
6438:
6434:
6430:
6427:
6426:
6425:
6424:
6420:
6416:
6413:
6412:
6411:
6410:
6406:
6402:
6399:
6398:
6397:
6396:
6391:
6387:
6384:
6383:
6382:
6381:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6367:
6364:
6363:
6362:
6361:
6356:
6352:
6349:
6348:
6347:
6346:
6341:
6340:
6338:
6336:
6332:
6328:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6316:
6312:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6299:
6298:
6297:
6293:
6291:
6290:
6286:
6280:
6277:
6276:
6275:
6274:
6270:
6266:
6263:
6262:
6261:
6260:
6256:
6252:
6251:
6247:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6236:
6235:
6234:
6230:
6229:
6228:
6227:
6223:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6210:
6209:
6208:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6196:
6192:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6174:
6173:
6172:
6168:
6164:
6161:
6160:
6159:
6158:
6154:
6152:
6151:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6139:
6135:
6131:
6128:
6127:
6126:
6125:
6121:
6117:
6114:
6113:
6112:
6111:
6107:
6103:
6100:
6099:
6098:
6097:
6093:
6091:
6090:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6075:
6073:
6071:
6067:
6063:
6059:
6051:
6050:
6046:
6045:
6044:
6043:
6039:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6030:
6029:
6025:
6023:
6022:
6021:
6016:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
6001:
5997:
5996:
5995:
5994:
5990:
5988:
5987:
5983:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5973:
5968:
5967:
5966:
5965:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5926:
5922:
5921:
5920:
5919:
5915:
5911:
5910:
5906:
5904:
5903:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5891:
5887:
5886:
5885:
5884:
5880:
5876:
5873:
5872:
5871:
5870:
5866:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5856:
5852:
5851:
5850:
5849:
5845:
5841:
5840:
5836:
5835:
5834:
5833:
5829:
5827:
5826:
5822:
5818:
5817:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5807:
5806:
5805:
5801:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5786:
5782:
5781:
5780:
5779:
5775:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5765:
5761:
5760:
5759:
5758:
5754:
5750:
5749:Discovery Hut
5747:
5745:
5744:
5740:
5739:
5738:
5737:
5733:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5723:
5719:
5718:
5717:
5716:
5712:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5672:
5668:
5667:
5666:
5665:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5653:
5646:
5638:
5635:
5634:
5633:
5632:
5628:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5613:
5608:
5607:
5606:
5605:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5591:
5587:
5586:
5581:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5569:
5568:
5563:
5562:
5561:
5560:
5556:
5552:
5549:
5548:
5547:
5546:
5541:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5531:
5526:
5525:
5524:
5523:
5519:
5515:
5512:
5511:
5510:
5509:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5476:
5473:
5472:
5471:
5470:
5466:
5462:
5459:
5458:
5457:
5456:
5452:
5450:
5449:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5436:
5433:
5432:
5431:
5430:
5425:
5421:
5418:
5417:
5416:
5415:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5394:
5392:
5390:
5386:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5366:
5363:
5359:
5355:
5350:
5346:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5321:
5319:
5318:
5314:
5313:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5301:
5297:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5286:
5283:
5282:
5281:
5280:
5279:A. Sibiryakov
5276:
5272:
5269:
5268:
5267:
5266:
5262:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5253:
5252:
5251:Glavsevmorput
5248:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5239:
5238:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5215:
5214:
5210:
5206:
5203:
5202:
5201:
5200:
5199:
5194:
5190:
5187:
5186:
5185:
5184:
5183:
5177:
5176:
5175:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5136:
5135:
5134:
5133:
5129:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5116:
5115:
5114:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5081:
5080:
5079:
5074:
5070:
5067:
5066:
5065:
5064:
5063:
5058:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5043:
5038:
5037:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5028:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5006:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4993:
4992:
4991:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4868:
4867:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4825:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4808:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4776:
4772:
4771:
4769:
4767:
4763:
4759:
4753:
4750:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4741:
4740:
4739:
4734:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4721:
4720:
4719:
4718:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4699:
4698:
4697:
4692:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4683:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4671:
4670:
4669:
4668:
4663:
4659:
4656:
4655:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4639:
4634:
4633:
4632:
4631:
4627:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4618:
4617:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4588:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4575:
4570:
4569:
4568:
4567:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4554:
4553:J. Richardson
4551:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4544:
4543:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4530:
4529:
4524:
4522:
4521:
4516:
4515:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4500:
4499:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4471:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4448:
4447:
4442:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4433:
4432:
4427:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4418:
4417:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4393:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4373:
4372:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4343:
4342:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4315:M. Corte-Real
4313:
4311:
4310:G. Corte-Real
4308:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4290:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4262:
4261:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4242:
4238:
4234:
4233:C. Richardson
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4214:
4213:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4191:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4165:
4163:
4162:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4135:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4115:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4108:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4074:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4065:
4059:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4043:
4042:Georgiy Sedov
4038:
4036:
4035:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3995:
3993:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3939:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3929:Riiser-Larsen
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3910:
3909:
3908:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3857:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3818:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3803:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3746:
3745:
3744:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3724:
3720:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3710:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3592:
3588:
3584:
3577:
3572:
3570:
3565:
3563:
3558:
3557:
3554:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3429:
3424:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3322:
3317:
3313:
3306:
3301:
3299:
3294:
3292:
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3138:9780385665322
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3107:
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3096:
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3084:
3083:Fatal Passage
3080:
3079:McGoogan, Ken
3077:
3074:
3073:9780571231607
3070:
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3055:
3051:
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3047:9781921509827
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3010:9780948065842
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2631:Stanley, A.P.
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2273:9780006386599
2269:
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2259:
2258:McGoogan, Ken
2253:
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2236:
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2213:
2194:
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2183:
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2096:
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2083:
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2067:
2063:
2059:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2019:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1970:
1955:
1951:
1945:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1908:
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1817:
1813:
1812:
1807:
1800:
1785:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1754:
1748:, p. 18.
1747:
1742:
1736:, p. 17.
1735:
1730:
1723:
1718:
1712:, p. 16.
1711:
1706:
1699:
1694:
1688:, p. 15.
1687:
1682:
1676:, p. 14.
1675:
1670:
1662:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1637:
1630:
1625:
1619:, p. 13.
1618:
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1599:
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1581:
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1540:
1539:Jane, My Love
1534:
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1432:
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1424:Matthew Noble
1421:
1413:
1409:
1408:Matthew Noble
1404:
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1385:
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1376:
1374:
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1347:professor of
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1266:
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1262:Lady Franklin
1255:
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1118:Daguerreotype
1115:
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981:
980:Arctic Circle
977:
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921:
916:
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883:
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874:Lady Franklin
871:
864:
853:
851:
847:
843:
839:
829:
827:
823:
815:
811:
807:
803:
798:29 April 1829
795:
792:, he married
786:
784:
780:
777:. He reached
776:
769:, he left on
763:
757:
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738:
734:
730:
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721:
716:
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709:Bering Strait
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624:
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613:
609:
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602:
599:. During the
598:
597:
591:
583:
579:
575:
571:
570:
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561:
557:
553:
552:
546:
542:
539:in which the
538:
533:
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519:
515:
511:
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504:
500:
496:
492:
487:16 April 1786
484:
469:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
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443:
439:
435:
432:, during the
431:
427:
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383:
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186:
182:
178:
174:
170:16 April 1786
162:
158:
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149:
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137:
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119:
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96:
91:
88:
84:
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76:
70:
65:
60:
56:
52:
48:
42:John Franklin
36:
33:
29:
22:
7180:
7171:
7162:
7154:Investigator
7153:
7144:
7135:
7126:
7117:
7108:
7099:
7090:
7081:
7072:
7063:
7054:
6874:
6840:David Buchan
6784:Edward Adams
6624:
6612:Pole of Cold
6610:
6536:
6527:
6495:
6488:
6464:
6435:
6421:
6415:Borchgrevink
6407:
6394:
6379:
6359:
6344:
6313:
6294:
6287:
6271:
6257:
6248:
6231:
6224:
6205:
6193:
6169:
6155:
6148:
6136:
6122:
6108:
6094:
6087:
6048:
6040:
6026:
6019:
6017:
5999:
5991:
5984:
5971:
5962:
5924:
5916:
5907:
5900:
5888:
5881:
5867:
5855:Pourquoi-Pas
5854:
5846:
5838:
5830:
5825:Orcadas Base
5823:
5815:
5802:
5796:C. A. Larsen
5784:
5776:
5762:
5755:
5742:
5734:
5728:Borchgrevink
5721:
5713:
5670:
5662:
5637:C. A. Larsen
5630:
5611:
5602:
5584:
5566:
5557:
5544:
5529:
5520:
5507:
5468:
5454:
5447:
5428:
5413:
5323:
5316:
5299:
5292:
5278:
5263:
5249:
5236:
5211:
5197:
5195:
5181:
5179:
5173:
5171:
5137:
5130:
5111:
5077:
5075:
5061:
5059:
5041:
5031:
5029:
5009:
5007:
4988:
4864:
4822:
4805:
4773:
4737:
4735:
4715:
4714:
4694:
4693:
4679:
4666:
4651:
4637:
4628:
4615:
4586:
4574:Investigator
4573:
4564:
4540:
4527:
4519:
4510:
4497:
4475:
4468:
4445:
4430:
4415:
4385:
4370:
4340:
4259:
4239:
4210:
4206:Erik the Red
4188:
4166:
4159:
4116:submersibles
4113:
4107:Arktika 2007
4105:
4098:
4091:
4088:
4072:
4063:
4060:
4041:
4039:
4032:
4025:
3996:
3989:
3965:
3951:
3950:
3942:
3940:
3906:
3904:
3875:
3872:
3861:S. A. Andrée
3853:
3840:
3815:
3807:
3804:
3780:
3762:
3749:
3740:
3722:
3713:
3711:
3677:
3348:
3253:Open Library
3214:
3205:
3185:
3174:. Retrieved
3170:
3159:
3144:
3109:
3094:
3087:
3081:
3064:
3038:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2968:
2953:
2946:
2929:
2921:
2894:
2883:– via
2873:
2846:
2827:Parks Canada
2822:
2814:
2804:
2796:
2788:The Guardian
2787:
2778:
2767:
2758:
2749:
2739:
2727:. Retrieved
2723:the original
2716:
2706:
2688:
2681:Parks Canada
2676:
2668:
2658:
2650:
2634:
2626:
2617:
2608:The Guardian
2606:
2596:
2579:
2575:
2569:
2558:
2548:
2536:. Retrieved
2529:the original
2519:(1): 36–46.
2516:
2510:
2497:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2429:
2423:
2417:
2390:
2384:
2374:
2347:
2341:
2331:
2319:. Retrieved
2312:the original
2302:(1): 36–46.
2299:
2295:
2282:
2262:
2238:
2229:
2219:
2212:
2202:19 September
2200:. Retrieved
2193:the original
2188:
2175:
2166:
2160:
2140:
2133:
2092:
2082:
2041:
2031:
2018:
2009:
2000:
1988:. Retrieved
1984:the original
1979:
1969:
1957:. Retrieved
1953:
1944:
1932:. Retrieved
1896:
1886:
1877:
1871:
1861:
1854:
1842:. Retrieved
1838:the original
1833:
1824:
1809:
1799:
1787:. Retrieved
1783:
1773:
1762:
1753:
1741:
1729:
1724:, p. 8.
1717:
1705:
1693:
1681:
1669:
1642:
1636:
1631:, p. 3.
1624:
1591:
1578:
1563:
1559:
1543:
1537:
1535:
1530:
1516:
1490:
1479:
1447:
1428:
1417:
1390:
1387:
1381:The Guardian
1379:
1377:
1372:
1365:
1357:tuberculosis
1355:and perhaps
1349:anthropology
1342:
1331:
1300:
1288:
1278:
1271:
1267:
1259:
1243:11 June 1847
1234:
1230:
1229:in 1845–46.
1224:
1215:
1211:
1210:encountered
1206:
1202:26 July 1845
1197:
1193:
1190:Disko Island
1185:
1180:
1175:Orkney Isles
1160:
1152:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1127:
1099:
1086:
1075:
1067:
1055:
1041:Disko Island
966:
959:
920:Arthurs Seat
917:
894:
878:glyptotheque
867:
856:
852:'s epitaph:
835:
794:Jane Griffin
787:
764:
741:
724:Point Barrow
717:
690:
683:
661:
642:
626:
623:David Buchan
616:
606:
595:
568:
551:Investigator
550:
540:
531:
529:
523:
508:Educated at
507:
480:
390:
389:
327:Rear admiral
248:Jane Griffin
189:(1847-06-11)
187:11 June 1847
177:Lincolnshire
140:Succeeded by
121:John Montagu
94:
32:
7229:1847 deaths
7219:1786 births
7001:Bedford Pim
6709:Expeditions
6315:Lake Vostok
6265:Tryoshnikov
6187:Schlossbach
6078:Christensen
6020:James Caird
5941:E. R. Evans
5707:Dobrowolski
5677:de Gerlache
5379:Expeditions
5265:Aviaarktika
5219:Samoylovich
5090:Kolomeitsev
4984:Middendorff
4944:Gedenshtrom
4364:I. Fyodorov
4126:Chilingarov
4014:E. Fyodorov
3621:Expeditions
2881:John Murray
2643:John Murray
2538:27 February
2235:"No. 21375"
1844:14 December
1789:19 November
1759:"No. 16991"
1722:Traill 1896
1629:Traill 1896
1550:Rediscovery
1327:cannibalism
1167:19 May 1845
1090:during the
664:cannibalism
657:Hayes River
619:Spitzbergen
601:War of 1812
596:Bellerophon
569:Earl Camden
462:hypothermia
422:War of 1812
359:Expeditions
350:War of 1812
128:Preceded by
7198:Categories
7100:Enterprise
7064:Assistance
6538:Terra Nova
6443:Shackleton
6386:J. C. Ross
6345:Resolution
6335:South Pole
6110:New Swabia
6034:Mackintosh
6006:Shackleton
5925:Terra Nova
5918:Terra Nova
5652:Heroic Age
5612:Challenger
5572:J. C. Ross
5482:Bransfield
5414:Resolution
5329:icebreaker
5293:Chelyuskin
5034:expedition
5012:Expedition
4954:Matyushkin
4912:Kh. Laptev
4907:Chelyuskin
4801:Heemskerck
4791:Chancellor
4786:Willoughby
4781:Koch boats
4724:Stefansson
4658:McClintock
4622:Inglefield
4464:J. C. Ross
4371:Resolution
4223:Cunningham
4121:Sagalevich
3810:expedition
3769:Stephenson
3729:C. F. Hall
3716:expedition
3690:J. C. Ross
3653:Heemskerck
3640:North Pole
3441:Strickland
3428:Federation
3379:Federation
3194:0195543645
3176:20 January
3153:0773547843
3128:transcript
3118:1550025236
3103:0226531791
3058:0590438492
3032:0969342594
3021:0969342543
2999:0471404209
2962:088833303X
2940:186295223X
2885:Wikisource
2769:BBC Online
2321:26 January
2167:The Beaver
1990:9 February
1959:20 January
1934:20 January
1834:TV Ontario
1602:References
1584:Terror Bay
1489:CCGS
1163:Greenhithe
1122:Royal Navy
1108:5 May 1845
909:West Coast
901:Huon River
810:Gold Medal
649:Hudson Bay
560:midshipman
541:Polyphemus
532:Polyphemus
524:Polyphemus
518:Royal Navy
501:, wife of
477:Early life
414:Royal Navy
309:Royal Navy
166:1786-04-16
107:1843-08-21
103:1837-01-05
7163:Racehorse
7091:Discovery
6637:Tolstikov
6423:Discovery
6393:HMS
6378:HMS
6360:Adventure
6358:HMS
6343:HMS
6279:Tolstikov
6000:Endurance
5785:Antarctic
5770:Drygalski
5743:Discovery
5736:Discovery
5697:Arctowski
5610:HMS
5583:HMS
5577:Abernethy
5565:HMS
5543:USS
5530:Vincennes
5528:USS
5508:Astrolabe
5448:San Telmo
5429:Adventure
5427:HMS
5412:HMS
5407:Kerguelen
5369:Continent
5354:Antarctic
5231:Urvantsev
5189:Vilkitsky
5042:Jeannette
5040:USS
5032:Jeannette
4996:Weyprecht
4974:Pakhtusov
4924:Chichagov
4917:D. Laptev
4860:Permyakov
4835:Stadukhin
4830:Perfilyev
4807:Mangazeya
4745:H. Larsen
4710:Rasmussen
4665:HMS
4636:USS
4585:HMS
4572:HMS
4536:Collinson
4526:HMS
4518:HMS
4496:HMS
4444:HMS
4429:HMS
4414:HMS
4399:Mackenzie
4386:Discovery
4384:HMS
4369:HMS
4341:Discovery
4320:Frobisher
4283:Rasmussen
4196:Gunnbjörn
4142:Greenland
4071:USS
4062:USS
3934:Ellsworth
3876:Roosevelt
3806:Nansen's
3763:Discovery
3761:HMS
3748:HMS
3695:Abernethy
3663:Marmaduke
3531:Underwood
3461:Allardyce
3456:Newdegate
2904:316480873
2857:250937261
2560:The Times
2117:1833-7538
2066:1833-7538
2006:"Address"
1921:1833-7538
1746:Lamb 1956
1734:Lamb 1956
1710:Lamb 1956
1698:Lamb 1956
1686:Lamb 1956
1674:Lamb 1956
1617:Lamb 1956
1577:HMS
1571:near the
1562:HMS
1353:pneumonia
1277:USS
1270:USS
1179:HMS
1130:Admiralty
1096:Antarctic
1085:HMS
1074:HMS
899:, on the
806:George IV
800:, he was
779:Liverpool
605:HMS
594:HMS
549:HMS
522:HMS
472:Biography
318:1800–1847
280:Signature
179:, England
116:Secretary
95:In office
7172:Resolute
6649:A. Fuchs
6606:V. Fuchs
6586:McKinley
6549:E. Evans
6508:Bjaaland
6503:Amundsen
6453:Marshall
6366:Furneaux
6218:V. Fuchs
6182:E. Ronne
6177:F. Ronne
6116:Ritscher
5970:SY
5958:Filchner
5902:Framheim
5896:Amundsen
5702:Racoviță
5687:Amundsen
5682:Lecointe
5551:Ringgold
5545:Porpoise
5435:Furneaux
5271:Shevelev
5226:Begichev
5205:Amundsen
5167:Nagórski
5145:Brusilov
5139:Sv. Anna
5053:Melville
5023:Palander
4979:Tsivolko
4939:Sannikov
4934:Billings
4877:Chirikov
4796:Barentsz
4738:St. Roch
4729:Bartlett
4703:Amundsen
4687:Sverdrup
4587:Resolute
4476:Franklin
4404:Kotzebue
4271:Sverdrup
4254:Scoresby
4228:Lindenov
4079:Plaisted
4064:Nautilus
4009:Shirshov
3983:Belyakov
3978:Baydukov
3952:Nautilus
3914:Amundsen
3874:SS
3833:Sverdrup
3828:Johansen
3798:Brainard
3793:Lockwood
3648:Barentsz
3506:Plimsoll
3491:Gairdner
3436:Havelock
3412:Hamilton
3349:Franklin
3204:(1938).
2260:(2002).
2125:70677943
2074:70677943
1929:70677943
1483:and the
1480:Franklin
1478:RV
1474:Franklin
1439:Tasmania
1414:, London
1384:states:
1369:botulism
1319:skeletal
1315:Forensic
1303:John Rae
1173:and the
1171:Aberdeen
1045:6.
1039:5.
1033:4.
1027:3.
1021:2.
1015:1.
928:Victoria
897:Franklin
890:Tasmania
886:Mathinna
850:Tennyson
802:knighted
627:Dorothea
420:and the
272:Children
105: –
7082:Carcass
7073:Blossom
6654:Messner
6601:Hillary
6581:Balchen
6529:Polheim
6523:Wisting
6401:Crozier
6373:Weddell
6351:J. Cook
6321:Kapitsa
6302:Fiennes
6244:Klenova
6213:Hillary
6163:Ketchum
6089:BANZARE
6064:·
5909:Polheim
5875:Shirase
5861:Charcot
5671:Belgica
5590:Crozier
5502:Morrell
5497:Weddell
5475:Lazarev
5420:J. Cook
5374:History
5324:Arktika
5300:Krassin
5285:Voronin
5257:Schmidt
5243:Ushakov
5182:Vaygach
5150:Albanov
5119:Rusanov
5100:Kolchak
5095:Matisen
5069:Makarov
5048:De Long
4949:Wrangel
4929:Lyakhov
4882:Malygin
4840:Dezhnev
4667:Pandora
4638:Advance
4605:Kennedy
4600:Belcher
4593:Kellett
4580:McClure
4504:Beechey
4498:Blossom
4491:Simpson
4459:Crozier
4452:Hoppner
4409:J. Ross
4377:J. Cook
4325:Gilbert
4218:J. Hall
4184:Ingólfr
4174:Naddodd
4168:Vikings
4155:Brendan
4150:Pytheas
4138:Iceland
4092:Arktika
4084:Herbert
4049:Badygin
4019:Krenkel
4004:Papanin
3973:Chkalov
3959:Wilkins
3924:Wisting
3868:F. Cook
3774:Markham
3734:Bessels
3723:Polaris
3714:Polaris
3685:J. Ross
3668:Carolus
3616:History
3511:Bennett
3501:Burbury
3496:Bastyan
3466:O'Grady
3407:Strahan
3397:Du Cane
3377:Before
3359:Denison
3329:Collins
3274:at the
2836:Sources
2729:30 July
2477:Bibcode
2454:4348259
2434:Bibcode
2409:3300222
2366:3521821
2357:1491204
1496:Délı̨nę
1487:vessel
1272:Advance
1254:Spilsby
1194:Rattler
1181:Rattler
907:on the
812:of the
752:Délı̨nę
739:(HBC).
735:of the
625:on HMS
607:Bedford
580:in the
576:at the
566:on the
483:Spilsby
458:Nunavut
265:
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239:
223:
219:
204:Spouses
173:Spilsby
101: (
7181:Terror
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7127:Griper
7109:Erebus
6776:People
6564:Bowers
6559:Wilson
6518:Hassel
6513:Helmer
6482:Mackay
6472:Mawson
6437:Nimrod
6395:Terror
6380:Erebus
6307:Burton
6102:Rymill
5978:Mawson
5972:Aurora
5951:Lashly
5936:Wilson
5839:Nimrod
5816:Scotia
5623:Murray
5598:Cooper
5585:Terror
5567:Erebus
5536:Wilkes
5487:Palmer
5455:Vostok
5402:Bouvet
5326:-class
5306:Gakkel
5174:Taymyr
5155:Konrad
5124:Kuchin
5062:Yermak
4969:Lavrov
4887:Ovtsyn
4872:Bering
4850:Ivanov
4813:Hudson
4775:Pomors
4752:Cowper
4717:Karluk
4616:Isabel
4610:Bellot
4560:Austin
4528:Terror
4520:Erebus
4416:Griper
4392:Clerke
4352:Baffin
4335:Hudson
4266:Nansen
4179:Garðar
4100:Barneo
3967:ANT-25
3943:Italia
3919:Nobile
3888:Henson
3847:Amedeo
3823:Nansen
3788:Greely
3658:Hudson
3596:Arctic
3536:Warner
3521:Butler
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2639:London
2512:Arctic
2452:
2425:Nature
2407:
2364:
2354:
2296:Arctic
2270:
2148:
2123:
2115:
2105:
2072:
2064:
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1927:
1919:
1909:
1657:
1592:Terror
1579:Terror
1564:Erebus
1398:Legacy
1391:Terror
1373:Terror
1279:Rescue
1235:Erebus
1231:Terror
1216:Erebus
1212:Terror
1155:solder
1140:Terror
1136:Erebus
1100:Terror
1087:Terror
1076:Erebus
1008:, 1846
1002:
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992:, 1845
986:
967:Terror
960:Erebus
842:Hobart
783:hockey
693:Arctic
668:lichen
491:Madras
466:scurvy
464:, and
306:
297:Branch
259:
229:
7136:Hecla
7055:Alert
7046:Ships
6644:Crary
6591:Dufek
6554:Oates
6544:Scott
6477:David
6458:Adams
6429:Barne
6250:Mirny
6239:Somov
6049:Quest
5946:Crean
5931:Scott
5810:Bruce
5764:Gauss
5757:Gauss
5631:Jason
5618:Nares
5492:Davis
5469:Mirny
5442:Smith
5397:Roché
5317:Lenin
5237:Sadko
5162:Wiese
5107:Sedov
5078:Zarya
5001:Payer
4964:Litke
4959:Anjou
4892:Minin
4855:Vagin
4845:Popov
4818:Poole
4673:Young
4486:Dease
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4330:Davis
4305:Cabot
4278:Peary
4260:Jason
4247:Egede
4161:Papar
4073:Skate
4054:Wiese
4034:NP-37
4027:NP-36
3907:Norge
3895:Sedov
3883:Peary
3841:Jason
3756:Nares
3750:Alert
3705:Hayes
3673:Parry
3611:Ocean
3541:Baker
3516:Green
3481:Cross
3471:Clark
3387:Young
3334:Davey
2698:(PDF)
2532:(PDF)
2507:(PDF)
2450:S2CID
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2292:(PDF)
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2185:(PDF)
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4681:Fram
4644:Kane
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4437:Lyon
4359:Munk
3998:NP-1
3900:Byrd
3817:Fram
3808:Fram
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3402:Weld
3190:ISBN
3178:2021
3149:ISBN
3134:ISBN
3124:NOVA
3114:ISBN
3099:ISBN
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3069:ISBN
3054:ISBN
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2958:ISBN
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2829:.
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2540:2007
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2062:ISSN
2052:ISBN
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1936:2021
1925:OCLC
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1846:2013
1791:2019
1655:ISBN
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1196:and
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963:and
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323:Rank
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