989:, a member of the British House of Commons. Hammond did not look kindly upon her marriage to Goodman. After years of arguments and disagreements about the musical directions of Goodman's band, Hammond and Goodman had a complete falling out, some of which has been attributed to their differing class and educational backgrounds (Goodman had been born into poverty and had quit high school in order to help support his family as a musician). Hammond, however, could be dogmatic and controlling in his interactions with various musicians, as well as in his published writings on jazz and on specific performers. Goodman eventually grew weary of Hammond's contentious nature. However, out of a sense of shared grief following Alice's death in 1978, Hammond and Goodman reconciled.
996:. Hammond was much older than the majority of the other men, and he had a rough time adjusting to the military life. While he was still in basic training, Jemy gave birth to their second child, Douglas, early in 1944. Douglas came down with a serious illness. While Jemy sent Hammond a telegram to alert him of his newborn's condition, Hammond said that he never received it. Jemy speculated that Hammond was in a concert and disregarded the letter; however, that claim has been proven unlikely due to Hammond's strict schedule in basic training. Douglas died shortly after birth from his illness, and Jemy had to undergo the family tragedy without her husband. Hammond returned after basic training on a three-day pass, but he and his wife were distant.
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before the 1920s, black musicians could always find jobs, even if they were low paying. After the instatement of Local 802, a union of professional musicians within New York City, Hammond saw more white people receiving jobs than black people. However, this did not stop the
African-American musicians. Through burlesque and record making, these musicians continued to be a presence.
1030:, and a daughter of Mary and Esmond O'Brien. Esme shared Hammond's musical passion and was planning to divorce her husband. That year, Hammond married Esme Sarnoff. By this marriage Hammond had one stepdaughter, (Esme) Rosita Sarnoff (born 1943). During this time, Hammond's father died on a golf course. Left a widow, Emily Hammond became infatuated with
897:, which at the time was only known as English Columbia. During this time, Goodman was in need of a big break, as he was getting a reputation as being difficult to work with. Hammond proposed that Goodman produce a multiracial record; however, Goodman believed this route would hurt his musical reputation.
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1933 was a defining year for
Hammond. He remembers this year being extraordinary due to his establishment of relationships with British record companies. Hammond was able to secure contracts for various musicians. He was an attractive producer to these companies because he did not desire a profit for
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was just to get him to sound in the studio as natural, just as he was in person, and have that extraordinary personality come thru.... After all, he's not a great harmonica player, and he's not a great guitar player, and he's not a great singer. He just happens to be an original. And I just wanted to
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radio station as a disc jockey. He did not discriminate when choosing which musicians to air; the station allowed
Hammond complete freedom on the station as long as he paid for his time slot. Through this position, Hammond gained a reputation as a well-educated jazz fan. Various musicians were guests
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programs, and wrote regularly about the racial divide. As he wrote in his memoirs, "I heard no color line in the music.... To bring recognition to the Negro's supremacy in jazz was the most effective and constructive form of social protest I could think of." This pre-occupation with social issues was
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Hammond always strived for racial integration within the musical scene. For this purpose, he frequently visited musicians in Harlem in order to connect with musicians in their own area. While initially his race proved a problem in connecting with this community, he formed relationships with various
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Hammond recognized jazz music to have originated as an
African-American musical genre. When Hammond entered the jazz community, integration had not yet begun. Black and white musicians rarely played together and often the prestigious locations permitted only white audiences. Hammond remembers that
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Hammond showed interest in music from an early age. At four he began studying the piano, only to switch to the violin at age eight. He was steered toward classical music by his mother but was more interested in the music sung and played by the servants, many of whom were black. He was known to go
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After basic training, Hammond reported to Camp
Plauche, where he was placed to organize activities for the black soldiers. During this time period, African-American soldiers were given little to do within the military. The armed forces were still segregated and discriminatory. Hammond began his
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due to its liberal curriculum. Hammond's love for music flourished. However, he felt limited within the confines of a boarding school. Hammond succeeded in convincing the headmaster to allow him to go into the city every other weekend, a rare privilege, so that he could take lessons from Ronald
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Record integration became an important component of jazz music. Starting in 1935, musicians began to record in mixed-race groups. While some of this integration had already taken place, Hammond remembers it as being hidden. However, in 1935, the
Goodman Trio began recording. In 1936, the group
581:. He felt a disconnect with his fellow students at Yale and felt that he was already well acquainted with the professional world. He made frequent trips into New York city and wrote regularly for trade magazines. In the fall semester of 1930, Hammond had to withdraw due to a recurring case of
585:. Hammond had no desire to a repeat a semester, which contributed to his dissatisfaction with the university lifestyle. Much to the disappointment of his father, a Yale alumnus, in 1931 he dropped out of school for a career in the music industry, first becoming the U.S. correspondent for
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Early in his career, Hammond focused more on his work than his love life. While he was seen publicly with various women, the relationships were never substantial. However, in 1940 at a
Manhattan party, Hammond met Jemison "Jemy" McBride. On March 8, 1941, Hammond married Jemy in
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Hammond became interested in social reform at a young age. His mother also promoted social reform as a means to give back some of her fortune to the community. She often found solace in religion. Hammond shared her desire to help the community with his privilege.
1019:, where Jemy gave birth to their third son, Jason. Hammond threw himself back into his work, which greatly upset his wife. In 1948, Jemy asked Hammond for a divorce. While he was originally reluctant, Hammond agreed to the divorce. Jemy never remarried.
930:, a case in which two white girls accused nine black boys of raping them. The testimonies of the two girls did not align with the story. While all nine boys were convicted, Hammond viewed this trial as a "catalyst for black activism".
916:. Hammond attributes fate to his finding of Holiday. After hearing her sing for the first time, he wrote, "She weighs over 200 pounds, is incredibly beautiful, and sings as well as anybody I have ever heard."
955:, a communist newspaper. Furthermore, his name often appeared on the letterheads of left-wing organizations for which he was a donor or member. Hammond was never a member of the Communist Party.
653:, Hammond arranged for the faltering US Columbia label to provide recordings for the UK Columbia label, mostly using the specially created Columbia W-265000 matrix series. Hammond recorded
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efforts by organizing concerts for the soldiers featuring
African-American musicians. He noted that shortly after these concerts began, an integrated sports team formed. Toward the end of
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In 1942, Hammond took his wife on a road trip to Los
Angeles. Shortly after this trip, Jemy realized that she was pregnant. In November 1942, Jemy gave birth to their first son,
531:. This trip changed the way that he thought about music. Upon his return to the states, Hammond searched for records by black musicians but could not find them in the greater
923:, a jazz pianist, on the Chicago radio. While he did not discover him, he was able to provide significant opportunities for him, even some collaboration with Billie Holiday.
430:, christened John Henry Hammond Jr., although both his father and paternal grandfather shared the same name. He was the youngest child and only son of John Henry Hammond and
821:; he signed him to Columbia and kept him on the label despite the protests of executives, who referred to Dylan as "Hammond's folly". He produced Dylan's early recordings, "
971:. The couple had a small, non-denominational wedding with only about ten guests. Although both sets of parents approved of the couple, neither set attended the wedding.
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that many of them would not have otherwise had the opportunity to enter a studio and play real jazz (a handful of these in this special series were issued in the US).
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Murat. However, the headmaster was not aware that outside his formal lessons, Hammond would go up to Harlem to hear jazz. During this time, he said that he heard
684:. It is said that Hammond convinced the musicians to 'swing' the current jazz hits, so that they could play in a free manner like the original New Orleans Jazz.
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music grew out of late night jam sessions of black musicians. Hammond was not much a part of the bebop movement, but he shared the sentiment against racism.
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In 1985, Hammond had his first stroke. Although this impaired him physically, his wife's death left him in despair. Esme
Hammond was diagnosed with
1111:" mentions Hammond in the lyric "Mr. John Hammond with his pen in hand... Sayin' 'Sign your kingdom over to me and be known throughout the land!'"
1979:
1049:. Hammond was distraught and died on July 10, 1987, after a series of strokes. It is said that he died listening to the music of Billie Holiday.
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chain, his father worked to provide for his family and maintain the family fortune. He worked "as a banker, lawyer, and railroad executive".
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496:". While he was in the basement, the rest of his family in the greater part of the five-story mansion would listen to "the great opera tenor
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607:, where he claimed to have engaged in bohemian life and worked for an integrated music world. He set up one of the first regular live
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In November 1943, after the United States entered World War II, Hammond began military training. He underwent his basic training at
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appeared in a live concert at the Chicago Hot Jazz Society. Hammond fondly remembers this as an innovative moment in jazz history.
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644:, the new venue would not allow the black musicians to use the main elevator. For this reason, Hammond quit his work with WEVD.
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Hammond notes that the first jazz music that he heard was in London in 1923 on a trip with his family. He heard a band called
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1008:, Georgia, known for its intense racism. Hammond was not the only jazz fan irritated with racism. During this time period,
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453:. His grandfather was Civil War General John Henry Hammond, who married Sophia Vernon Wolfe. His father was a brother of
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949:. Due to the various benefits and fund-raisers that Hammond hosted for the popular front, his name was often listed in
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Hammond's work with civil rights came from multiple angles. In 1933, he traveled South to attend a trial regarding the
319:, Hammond became one of the most influential figures in 20th-century popular music. He is the father of blues musician
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1421:"Show 52 – The Soul Reformation: Phase three, soul music at the summit. [Part 8] : UNT Digital Library"
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for being credited with co-producing a Bessie Smith reissue in 1971, and in 1986 was the inaugural recipient of the
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perform in Harlem and arranged for her recording debut, on a Benny Goodman session. Four years later, he heard the
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area. He learned that African American music was sold in different stores, so he began to search for this music in
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orchestra broadcasting from Kansas City and brought it to New York, where it began to receive national attention.
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In this year, Hammond broke out of the traditional role of a producer and became a talent scout, after hearing
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1057:"John's Idea", originally titled "I May Be Wrong It's John's Idea", is a tribute to John Hammond written by
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He played a role in organizing Benny Goodman's band, and in persuading him to hire black musicians such as
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Hammond retired from Columbia in 1975 but continued to scout for talent. In 1983, he brought guitarist
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The summer after graduating from Hotchkiss in 1929, Hammond went to work for a newspaper in Maine, the
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was also a Hotchkiss alumnus, class of 1903, who was interested in social issues and social justice.
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Hammond was instrumental in sparking or furthering numerous musical careers, including those of
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Hammond was one of the first men to racially integrate the American music industry. Before the
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Hammond had four sisters: Emily, Adele, Rachel, and Alice. The youngest, Alice, married first
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A year later, in 1949, Hammond met Esme Sarnoff, originally Esme O'Brien, the former wife of
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activist, and music critic active from the 1930s to the early 1980s. In his service as a
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down to his basement to listen to the upbeat music in the servants' quarters. He loved
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Black Music in Our Culture: Curricular Ideas on the Subjects, Materials, and Problems
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1452:"Show 31 - Ballad in Plain D: An introduction to the Bob Dylan era. [Part 1]"
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Black Music in Our Culture: Curricular Ideas on the Subjects, Materials, and Problems
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Berger, Edward. "Hammond, John (Henry Jr.)". The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz. Web.
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John Hammond, "An Experience in Jazz History", in Dominique-René de Lerma, ed.,
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John Hammond, "An Experience in Jazz History", in Dominique-René de Lerma, ed.,
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American record producer, civil rights activist and music critic (1910–1987)
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1529:(1st ed.). London: Reed International Books Ltd. p. 239. CN 5585.
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musicians that allowed him to surpass this barrier. His friendship with
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In 1946, Hammond was discharged from the military. His family moved to
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to Columbia and was credited as executive producer on his debut album.
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gave him a status that allowed him to enter this musical community.
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as a member of the class of 1933. He studied the violin and, later,
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Integrated Marketing Communications: A Global Brand-Driven Approach
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at the age of 14. He persuaded his family to allow him to attend
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Hammond oversaw the highly influential posthumous reissues of
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Hammond had four sisters: Alice, Rachel, Adele, and Emily.
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to continue, and in 1941 he was one of the founders of the
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By 1932–33, through his involvement in the UK music paper
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In 1925 Hammond graduated from the elementary institution
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The Producer: John Hammond and the Soul of American Music
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The Producer: John Hammond and the Soul of American Music
1154:"Dave Dexter, John Hammond, Count Basie, and Sonny Burke"
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in 1961. Musicians Hammond signed to the label included
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concert at Carnegie Hall, presenting a broad program of
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Burials at the Vanderbilt Family Cemetery and Mausoleum
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in 1927, and then, after divorcing him, the musician
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John Hammond Papers at Yale University Music Library
1641:(Kent State University Press, 1970), pp. 42–53.
410:. He is also largely responsible for the revival of
307:(December 15, 1910 – July 10, 1987) was an American
981:On March 21, 1942, Hammond's sister, Alice married
945:, FBI director, investigated Hammond's link to the
69:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1508:"The Sydney Morning Herald Blogs: Noise Pollution"
1129:"John Hammond | Biography, Influence, & Facts"
480:in 1942. Well-known clergyman and peace activist
1101:featured Hammond in its UK advertising campaign.
619:In 1932, Hammond acquired a nonpaying job on the
599:In 1931, Hammond funded the recording of pianist
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985:. She had previously been married to Englishman
559:, but her biographer disagrees about the dates.
1280:(Kent State University Press, 1970), pp. 42–53.
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1331:. WNBC. New York, New York, 1958. Television.
1290:"Alumni Accomplishments: Ernest Gruening '03"
676:In 1934, Hammond is known to have introduced
1543:(May 22, 1986); Retrieved October 16, 2011.
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245:Esme O'Brien Sarnoff (1949–1986 (her death))
1955:American military personnel of World War II
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1539:"Esme Hammond, 66, A Prominent Socialite";
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707:. In 1933 he heard the seventeen-year-old
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1644:John Hammond with Irving Townsend (1977)
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129:Learn how and when to remove this message
30:For other people named John Hammond, see
1646:John Hammond On Record: An Autobiography
1309:John Hammond On Record: An Autobiography
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1686:Induction to Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
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1980:Record producers from New York (state)
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1079:, became an American blues musician.
839:have that originality come through."
718:In 1938, Hammond organized the first
573:In the fall of 1929, Hammond entered
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2000:20th-century American businesspeople
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1343:"John Hammond: The Ear Of An Oracle"
1341:John McDonough (December 15, 2010).
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780:(who took the place of the deceased
67:adding citations to reliable sources
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1494:University of North Texas Libraries
1434:University of North Texas Libraries
817:playing harmonica on a session for
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243:Jemison "Jemy" McBride (1941–1948)
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1965:Businesspeople from New York City
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1960:American people of Dutch descent
1404:The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz
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844:John Hammond on Bob Dylan, 1968
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1375:The Guinness Who's Who of Blues
859:King of the Delta Blues Singers
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54:needs additional citations for
1648:, Ridge Press – Summit Books,
1593:. Springer. pp. 331–333.
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18:John Hammond (record producer)
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1004:, Hammond was transferred to
809:to the label, and discovered
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32:John Hammond (disambiguation)
1072:Lifetime Achievement Award.
889:himself. In 1933, he helped
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893:receive a record deal with
784:). He coordinated a second
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2016:
1748:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
1295:November 11, 2012, at the
1070:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
834:"What I wanted to do with
827:A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall
614:Council on African Affairs
461:, and uncle to politician
297:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
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721:From Spirituals to Swing
440:William Henry Vanderbilt
275:William Henry Vanderbilt
1970:Hotchkiss School alumni
1527:NME Rock 'N' Roll Years
1133:Encyclopedia Britannica
914:Benny Goodman Orchestra
624:on his show, including
494:Roamin' in the Gloamin'
432:Emily Vanderbilt Sloane
265:Emily Vanderbilt Sloane
1990:Yale University alumni
1299:, The Hotchkiss School
1159:University of Missouri
969:New Haven, Connecticut
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638:Broadway Central Hotel
525:From Dixie to Broadway
436:Emily Thorn Vanderbilt
422:Early years and family
305:John Henry Hammond Jr.
1975:Jazz record producers
1885:(Ahmet Ertegun Award)
1621:Dunstan Prial (2006)
1525:Tobler, John (1992).
1481:"E-J interview index"
1247:Dunstan Prial (2006)
1066:Grammy Trustees Award
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758:Sister Rosetta Tharpe
564:Portland Evening News
167:John Henry Hammond II
1910:Lifetime achievement
1094:'s record producer.
544:St. Bernard's School
445:His father attended
426:Hammond was born in
78:"John Henry Hammond"
63:improve this article
1802:The Everly Brothers
1698:interviewed on the
1380:Guinness Publishing
1378:(Second ed.).
1329:The Subject Is Jazz
1064:Hammond received a
823:Blowin' in the Wind
736:artists, including
557:The Harlem Alhambra
451:Columbia Law School
277:(great grandfather)
1708:John Henry Hammond
1696:John Henry Hammond
1587:"12. Case studies"
1541:The New York Times
910:Fletcher Henderson
874:Stevie Ray Vaughan
807:Babatunde Olatunji
682:Fletcher Henderson
655:Fletcher Henderson
626:Fletcher Henderson
467:W. & J. Sloane
400:Stevie Ray Vaughan
368:Babatunde Olatunji
1985:Vanderbilt family
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1600:978-3-030-76416-6
1450:Gilliland, John.
1097:In December 2015
1047:blood transfusion
1017:Greenwich Village
938:FBI investigation
880:Personal accounts
867:Bruce Springsteen
790:concert in 1939.
754:Meade "Lux" Lewis
697:Charlie Christian
605:Greenwich Village
463:Millicent Fenwick
344:Charlie Christian
332:Bruce Springsteen
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778:Big Bill Broonzy
774:James P. Johnson
671:Great Depression
548:Hotchkiss School
527:, that featured
490:Sir Harry Lauder
474:Arthur Duckworth
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280:Ogden H. Hammond
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52:This article
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1918:John Hammond
1916:
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1873:Jimmy Yancey
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1670:John Hammond
1645:
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1612:Bibliography
1590:
1580:
1568:. Retrieved
1564:the original
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1459:. Retrieved
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1370:Colin Larkin
1349:December 16,
1347:. Retrieved
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1002:World War II
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659:Benny Carter
650:Melody Maker
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356:Teddy Wilson
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317:talent scout
313:civil rights
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201:Burial place
194:(1987-07-10)
145:John Hammond
125:
119:January 2017
116:
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61:Please help
56:verification
53:
36:
1945:1987 deaths
1940:1910 births
1820:Buddy Holly
1812:Phil Everly
1795:Fats Domino
1781:Ray Charles
1774:James Brown
1767:Chuck Berry
1059:Count Basie
803:Pete Seeger
770:Sonny Terry
764:orchestra,
762:Count Basie
713:Count Basie
555:perform at
412:delta blues
408:Sonny Burke
396:Asha Puthli
364:Pete Seeger
352:Count Basie
340:Harry James
1934:Categories
1893:Alan Freed
1808:Don Everly
1759:Performers
1115:References
1088:Tom Wilson
848:interview.
663:Joe Venuti
418:'s music.
222:Occupation
173:1910-12-15
89:newspapers
1788:Sam Cooke
1556:"YouTube"
1327:"Swing".
1109:Avalanche
1107:'s song "
1092:Bob Dylan
1026:chairman
815:Bob Dylan
634:Art Tatum
533:Manhattan
502:Beethoven
328:Bob Dylan
271:Relatives
240:Spouse(s)
1479:(1969).
1461:June 26,
1419:(1969).
1293:Archived
1099:Guinness
1086:passed,
583:jaundice
428:New York
392:Jim Copp
287:(cousin)
250:Children
1712:Discogs
1570:May 21,
1560:YouTube
1484:(audio)
1424:(audio)
1192:June 3,
1165:June 3,
1138:July 7,
825:" and "
738:Ida Cox
640:to the
414:artist
282:(uncle)
103:scholar
1704:(1969)
1652:
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1406:. Web.
1386:
1315:
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1105:Prince
1053:Legacy
776:, and
760:, the
734:gospel
632:, and
595:Career
537:Harlem
510:Mozart
508:, and
506:Brahms
292:Awards
261:Parent
183:, U.S.
105:
98:
91:
84:
76:
1345:. NPR
1010:bebop
908:from
836:Bobby
795:bebop
726:blues
579:viola
459:Spain
110:JSTOR
96:books
1650:ISBN
1629:ISBN
1595:ISBN
1572:2014
1463:2019
1384:ISBN
1351:2010
1313:ISBN
1253:ISBN
1194:2023
1167:2023
1140:2021
1043:AIDS
865:and
805:and
732:and
730:jazz
703:and
680:and
621:WEVD
609:jazz
492:'s "
406:and
189:Died
163:Born
82:news
1680:PBS
1672:on
1024:NBC
829:".
512:".
65:by
1936::
1810:,
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