755:(r. 1282–1328), was quick to repudiated the hated Union of the Churches. As a result, ecclesiastical ties between Thessaly, Epirus, and Constantinople were restored. Nikephoros of Epirus, a weak ruler dominated by his wife, and uneasy with his half-brother's ambitions—there are hints in the sources that John coveted Epirus, and that he had launched an attack on Ioannina—now drifted into the Byzantine orbit. Anna visited her cousin Andronikos II at Constantinople, and a plot was hatched against John: in 1283 or 1284 Nikephoros and Anna invited John's son Michael to Epirus to marry their daughter, and become the heir to their state. When Michael took the bait, he was arrested and shipped off to Constantinople, where he died in prison. Andronikos launched an invasion of Thessaly, but his troops were annihilated by
486:
461:, remained in Nicaean hands for several years thereafter. Again, despite his later association with Thessaly, John is not mentioned as playing a role in these events or in the administration of the Thessalian territories in the early 1260s, which seem rather to have been under the control of Nikephoros.
464:
The Battle of
Pelagonia has frequently been described as a decisive event, but this is only partly true. Michael VIII Palaiologos' gains were rapidly reversed and his rivals quickly regained their strength, with both the Epirotes and Manfred of Sicily reclaiming most of the territories they had lost.
417:
report that during the march, John became incensed at some
Achaean knights, who openly coveted his beautiful wife. Matters were made worse when William of Villehardouin not only did not punish his men, but also insulted John Doukas for his illegitimate birth, prompting the latter to defect before the
388:
has led to suggestions by modern scholars that he ruled
Thessaly in his father's name, but there is no concrete evidence to back this up. It is equally unclear whether the Vlach troops he commanded were part of the official Epirote army, or a privately raised force. John played a crucial role in the
546:
writes, he "was a man of great resource and ambition, and was clearly in touch with the
Emperor's opponents in Constantinople. His stronghold of Neopatras was uncomfortably close to the Latin-occupied parts of Greece, particularly the Duchy of Athens and Thebes with which he was in alliance; and it
547:
was easier for troublemakers and refugees from to make their escape to
Thessaly than to Epirus". This is well illustrated by the affair of John's son-in-law, Andronikos Tarchaneiotes: angered at the Emperor's preference for his younger brother Michael, he provoked a
759:. In the next year (1284 or 1285), John took his revenge for his half-brother's treason by invading Epirus and raiding the environs of Arta. Following this punitive expedition, relations between Thessaly and Epirus settled down to an uneasy peace.
555:, and in the confusion sought refuge at John's court. The first documented contacts between John and Michael VIII's arch-enemy, Charles of Anjou, also date to the same time (April 1273). A commercial treaty was concluded, allowing the export of
621:
against John. The
Byzantines surprised John at Neopatras and laid siege to his fortress, before he could react. John saved himself by sneaking through enemy lines disguised as a lowly groom seeking a stray horse, and made his way to the
780:
above his tomb shows him "as a monk being presented by an angel to the enthroned Virgin". After his death, his widow was compelled to recognize the suzerainty of
Andronikos II Palaiologos to safeguard the position of her underage sons
507:, his realm was divided, with Nikephoros receiving the metropolitan territories of Epirus proper and John taking over the Epirote domains in Thessaly and Central Greece. According to Gregoras, his realm extended from
429:. Michael accepted his son's apologies, and soon joined him on the mainland. Nicaean control over Epirus had not yet been consolidated, and father and son were quickly able to recapture the Epirote capital of
519:
serving as his border with Epirus proper; his capital was at
Neopatras. Michael VIII seized the opportunity of Michael's death for a rapprochement with the two brothers. He gave Nikephoros his niece
421:
Following the battle, John accompanied the
Nicaeans in their rapid occupation of the Epirote domains, but he quickly became alienated from them. He brought his own followers to the coastal town of
563:
and the import of horses from Italy, but it is clear that these contacts were also the first steps for John joining the coalition being prepared by
Charles against Constantinople and its ruler.
465:
Nevertheless, the effects of the battle were not wholly undone: Palaiologos' victory, gained with the assistance of John Doukas, not only prevented the Epirote–Latin league of 1259 from taking
295:
Palaiologos and the supporters of the Union. He resisted several attempts by Byzantine armies to conquer Thessaly, and allied himself with Palaiologos' Latin enemies, including the
617:, for the same, as well as for a dissolution of John's alliance with Charles, but without success. In 1275, Michael VIII sent an army under his brother John Palaiologos and
720:, however, they fraternized with him and gave every sign of their own opposition to the Union. Michael VIII relieved and imprisoned them and appointed new commanders, the
678:
on 16 July where both Nikephoros and John were anathematized in return. John convoked another synod at Neopatras in December 1277, where an anti-Unionist council of eight
418:
battle, after receiving assurances that he would not have to fight his own father; thereupon the Epirotes too left, and the Latin troops were overwhelmed by the Nicaeans.
858:
524:
1486:
609:
John Doukas, but the Pope, who was probably uncertain of the Byzantine emperor's true loyalties, refused. Michael VIII would continue to press Gregory's successors,
695:
766:, erroneously held that John Doukas died in 1296. It has since been established that he died in or shortly before March 1289. He was buried in the monastery of
586:. This decision aroused passionate opposition from the Byzantine people, the Orthodox clergy, and even within the imperial family itself. Michael VIII's sister
691:
1671:
747:
Michael VIII died on 11 December 1282, while preparing to invade Thessaly again. With the threat of an Angevin invasion having subsided following the
670:. John once more rejected Michael VIII's overtures for an acceptance of the Union, and on 1 May 1277, convoked a synod of his own at Neopatras which
590:, and her daughter Anna, wife of John's half-brother Nikephoros, were among the chief leaders of the anti-Unionists. Nikephoros, John, and even the
1547:
Trapp, Erich; Beyer, Hans-Veit; Walther, Rainer; Sturm-Schnabl, Katja; Kislinger, Ewald; Leontiadis, Ioannis; Kaplaneres, Sokrates (1976–1996).
1549:
474:
341:, but he is almost universally referred to in the sources simply by the first surname of "Doukas". This also led to a confusion among his
534:
Nevertheless, John fiercely guarded his independence, and was prepared to ally himself with Latin powers hostile to Palaiologos, namely
1666:
406:
1661:
287:
promoted by Palaiologos for political reasons, he provided refuge to several political opponents of the emperor, and even convoked
441:
was then sent in spring 1260 to recover Thessaly, which he mostly accomplished after defeating and capturing the Nicaean general
50:
1656:
1507:(1962). "The Greeks and the Union of the Churches. The Report of Ogerius, Protonotarius of Michael VIII Palaiologos, in 1280".
728:
469:
and much of Nicaea's European domains, but also provided a valuable breathing space in the lead-up to the eventual recovery of
1406:
Geanakoplos, Deno John (1953). "Greco-Latin Relations on the Eve of the Byzantine Restoration: The Battle of Pelagonia–1259".
1494:
372:
Nothing is known of his early life before 1259, when he is mentioned for his participation in the events that led up to the
542:. He soon emerged as "the more dangerous and the more actively hostile" of the minor Greek rulers against Michael VIII. As
409:, Michael VIII's brother. The reason for the defection is unclear, as the various sources offer conflicting accounts. Both
566:
Michael VIII sought to counter the threat of a new crusade, led by Charles of Anjou and aiming at the restoration of the
1686:
283:, John remained the foremost of Palaiologos' Greek opponents throughout the latter's reign. A staunch opponent of the
1558:
1471:
1396:
1676:
1623:
1462:
879:
812:
782:
520:
304:
113:
83:
1681:
17:
277:
Although Michael VIII Palaiologos engaged him in a marriage alliance and awarded him with the high title of
1651:
438:
259:
815:(died 1303), who succeeded as ruler of Thessaly. He married Anna Euagionissa, and had at least one son,
331:, possibly by his one known mistress, an unnamed lady of the Gangrenos family. His full family name was
1596:
741:
587:
324:
199:
145:
68:
384:
she assumed after his death, Hypomone ("Patience"). This and his later association with the region of
1382:
752:
659:
598:, soon joined the anti-Unionist cause and gave support to the anti-Unionists fleeing Constantinople.
1575:
634:
the Byzantine army. In exchange for this aid, however, John gave his daughter to de la Roche's son,
868:
862:
390:
353:
243:
1388:
The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest
789:. Just as when John himself had done so in the past, however, this suzerainty was purely nominal.
1691:
1111:
1109:
835:
376:, where he led a contingent of Vlachs. By that time, he was already married to a daughter of the
320:
187:
135:
121:
847:
674:
the Emperor, the Patriarch, and the Pope as heretics. In response, a synod was convoked at the
579:
442:
414:
394:
284:
1106:
839:
763:
723:
707:
176:
1646:
667:
595:
591:
389:
Battle of Pelagonia, where his desertion from the coalition composed by his father, Prince
342:
238:
woman, John first appears leading Vlach troops alongside his father in the lead-up to the
8:
1441:
Emperor Michael Palaeologus and the West, 1258–1282: A Study in Byzantine-Latin Relations
737:
635:
631:
618:
373:
239:
1375:
The Wall Paintings of the Panagia Olympiotissa at Elasson in Northern Thessaly, Volume 1
740:. The latter were lured by John Doukas into an ambush and suffered a crushing defeat at
258:
under Palaiologos in 1261. John quickly returned to the side of his father and brother,
1516:
1423:
900:
643:
627:
935:
933:
931:
437:. Within a short time, the Nicaeans had been evicted from Epirus. John's half-brother
1613:
1554:
1535:
1490:
1467:
1457:
1445:
1392:
733:
614:
410:
398:
350:
267:
214:
106:
224:
to his own death in 1289. From his father's family he is also inaccurately known as
1628:
1604:
1435:
1415:
928:
822:
786:
748:
575:
535:
328:
308:
300:
255:
203:
195:
155:
117:
87:
72:
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contemporaries, who mistook it for his title, and referred to him as the "Duke of
279:
41:
1529:
1439:
1386:
623:
610:
539:
512:
296:
246:
was crucial in the battle, which ended with the crushing defeat of the Epirotes'
1696:
872:
851:
843:
816:
806:
663:
602:
571:
516:
470:
426:
402:
274:, whence Western chroniclers often erroneously called him "Duke of Neopatras".
270:. After Michael II died, John Doukas became ruler of Thessaly with his seat at
251:
167:
1553:(in German). Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
1449:
690:, again anathematized Emperor, Patriarch and Pope. Only two bishops, those of
1640:
1539:
798:
767:
651:
606:
583:
508:
381:
377:
365:
235:
1504:
712:
675:
655:
567:
543:
466:
430:
247:
582:
in 1274, at which the Emperor's representatives were forced to recognize
1520:
1187:
1427:
772:
770:, which he had founded in 1283. His tomb lies in the south side of the
666:, to publicly reaffirm their allegiance to the Union at a synod in the
762:
For many years, modern historians, following the 19th-century scholar
703:
683:
639:
630:. Having secured 300 horsemen from him, he returned to Neopatras and
458:
450:
446:
346:
271:
1419:
658:
arrived at Constantinople and forced Michael VIII, his son and heir
1250:
671:
527:
and a daughter of John, who in addition received the high title of
454:
434:
385:
335:
292:
1327:
425:, from where he contacted his father, who had taken refuge in the
945:
756:
485:
422:
338:
227:
130:
777:
716:
Andronikos Palaiologos, and others. Instead of confronting the
679:
647:
560:
552:
401:, contributed to the defeat of the allies by the forces of the
332:
263:
1286:
1175:
1151:
1096:
1094:
1007:
801:
Hypomone ("Patience"), John had several children, including:
721:
548:
303:. He died in 1289, leaving the rule of Thessaly to his sons,
288:
1339:
687:
556:
1586:] (in Serbian). Belgrade: Византолошког институт САНУ.
1274:
1211:
1126:
1124:
1091:
978:
578:
churches. The Union of the Churches was concluded at the
445:. Part of eastern Thessaly, however, around the towns of
1351:
1055:
916:
701:
Michael VIII then launched another invasion, led by the
523:
in marriage, and arranged a marriage between his nephew
1487:
Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
1121:
1067:
968:
966:
964:
962:
960:
878:
unidentified daughter, betrothed to the future Emperor
1483:
Tabula Imperii Byzantini, Band 1: Hellas und Thessalia
1444:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
1377:. Athens: Canadian Archaeological Institute at Athens.
1317:
1315:
1313:
1228:
1226:
1019:
1531:
The Doukai: A Contribution to Byzantine Prosopography
1391:. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press.
1238:
1141:
1139:
997:
995:
993:
489:
Map of the Greek and Latin states in southern Greece
1262:
1199:
1163:
1043:
957:
213:–1268. After his father's death, he became ruler of
1310:
1298:
1223:
1079:
1031:
181:
1136:
990:
473:in 1261, which led to the re-establishment of the
1509:Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, Section C
1638:
1466:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
349:". His actual title, which he received from the
1550:Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit
1372:
1345:
832:), co-ruler of Thessaly alongside Constantine.
475:Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty
250:allies and opened the way for the recovery of
242:in 1259. His defection to the camp of Emperor
1118:, "Thessaly" (T. E. Gregory), pp. 2073–2074.
942:, 208. ῎Αγγελος, Ἰωάννης Ι. Δούκας Κομνηνός.
380:chieftain Taronas. She is only known by the
1434:
1405:
1292:
1280:
1256:
1217:
1193:
1181:
1157:
1100:
1013:
984:
1672:Illegitimate children of despots of Epirus
871:, possibly named Helena, who married King
805:Michael Komnenos, who died as prisoner in
1574:
1481:Koder, Johannes; Hild, Friedrich (1976).
1480:
1357:
1130:
484:
314:
1584:Thessaly in the 13th and 14th Centuries
1527:
1333:
972:
951:
922:
14:
1639:
797:By his wife, who is only known by her
433:and then relieve the besieged city of
1503:
1268:
1244:
1205:
1169:
1145:
1049:
1381:
1373:Constantinides, Efthalia C. (1992).
1321:
1304:
1232:
1085:
1073:
1061:
1037:
1025:
1001:
480:
899:This would give rise to an actual "
857:unidentified daughter, who married
323:(and apparently the eldest) son of
24:
1568:
1463:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
262:, and assisted them in recovering
25:
1708:
1667:Founders of Christian monasteries
570:, by negotiating a union of the
254:and the re-establishment of the
1662:13th-century monarchs in Europe
1546:
1456:
1115:
939:
819:(died 1318), ruler of Thessaly.
1528:Polemis, Demetrios I. (1968).
893:
880:Theodore Svetoslav of Bulgaria
698:, refused, and were punished.
13:
1:
1657:13th-century Byzantine people
1534:. London: The Athlone Press.
1196:, pp. 282, 290, 323–324.
910:
903:", under Latin rule, in 1319.
826:
654:as her dowry. In April 1277,
501:
490:
357:
218:
207:
722:
7:
182:
10:
1713:
1597:Michael II Komnenos Doukas
1580:Тесалија у XIII и XIV веку
1366:
1336:, p. 97, esp. note 4.
954:, p. 97, esp. note 2.
325:Michael II Komnenos Doukas
200:Michael II Komnenos Doukas
1687:Eastern Orthodox monarchs
1620:
1611:
1593:
792:
753:Andronikos II Palaiologos
171:
151:
141:
129:
105:
97:
93:
79:
64:
56:
48:
39:
34:
1259:, pp. 275, 306–309.
886:
863:Michael VIII Palaiologos
859:Andronikos Tarchaneiotes
525:Andronikos Tarchaneiotes
391:William II Villehardouin
354:Michael VIII Palaiologos
244:Michael VIII Palaiologos
836:Helena Angelina Komnene
515:in the south, with the
125:three unnamed daughters
1436:Geanakoplos, Deno John
873:Stefan Uroš II Milutin
861:, a nephew of Emperor
838:, who married firstly
596:John II Megas Komnenos
497:
443:Alexios Strategopoulos
415:Marino Sanudo Torcello
1677:Komnenodoukas dynasty
1485:(in German). Vienna:
1408:Dumbarton Oaks Papers
1358:Koder & Hild 1976
1131:Koder & Hild 1976
869:unidentified daughter
840:William I de la Roche
724:megas stratopedarchēs
500:When Michael II died
488:
315:Origin and early life
285:Union of the Churches
1682:Monarchs of Thessaly
1383:Fine, John V. A. Jr.
1064:, pp. 164, 169.
668:Palace of Blachernae
662:, and the Patriarch
638:, with the towns of
592:Emperor of Trebizond
1652:13th-century births
1346:Constantinides 1992
1295:, pp. 369–370.
1184:, pp. 264–275.
1160:, pp. 231–232.
1076:, pp. 163–165.
1028:, pp. 161–163.
1016:, pp. 127–132.
738:Michael Kaballarios
636:William de la Roche
619:Alexios Kaballarios
601:Michael VIII asked
374:Battle of Pelagonia
319:John Doukas was an
240:Battle of Pelagonia
1624:Constantine Doukas
1576:Ferjančić, Božidar
1458:Kazhdan, Alexander
925:, pp. 94, 97.
901:Duchy of Neopatras
813:Constantine Doukas
686:, and one hundred
628:John I de la Roche
498:
1635:
1634:
1621:Succeeded by
1614:Ruler of Thessaly
1609:
1496:978-3-7001-0182-6
751:, his successor,
734:megas konostaulos
559:from Thessaly to
481:Ruler of Thessaly
411:George Pachymeres
399:Manfred of Sicily
351:Byzantine emperor
180:
161:
160:
16:(Redirected from
1704:
1629:Theodore Angelos
1605:Despot of Epirus
1600:
1594:Preceded by
1591:
1590:
1587:
1564:
1543:
1524:
1500:
1477:
1453:
1431:
1402:
1378:
1361:
1355:
1349:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1308:
1302:
1296:
1293:Geanakoplos 1959
1290:
1284:
1281:Geanakoplos 1959
1278:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1257:Geanakoplos 1959
1254:
1248:
1247:, pp. 4, 8.
1242:
1236:
1230:
1221:
1218:Geanakoplos 1959
1215:
1209:
1203:
1197:
1194:Geanakoplos 1959
1191:
1185:
1182:Geanakoplos 1959
1179:
1173:
1167:
1161:
1158:Geanakoplos 1959
1155:
1149:
1143:
1134:
1128:
1119:
1113:
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1101:Geanakoplos 1959
1098:
1089:
1083:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1053:
1047:
1041:
1035:
1029:
1023:
1017:
1014:Geanakoplos 1953
1011:
1005:
999:
988:
985:Geanakoplos 1953
982:
976:
970:
955:
949:
943:
937:
926:
920:
904:
897:
831:
828:
823:Theodore Angelos
749:Sicilian Vespers
727:
580:Council of Lyons
576:Eastern Orthodox
536:Charles of Anjou
511:in the north to
506:
503:
495:
492:
407:John Palaiologos
378:Thessalian Vlach
362:
359:
329:Despot of Epirus
301:Charles of Anjou
256:Byzantine Empire
236:Thessalian Vlach
223:
220:
212:
209:
204:Despot of Epirus
196:illegitimate son
185:
175:
173:
156:Theodora of Arta
73:Despot of Epirus
32:
31:
21:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1617:
1599:
1571:
1569:Further reading
1561:
1497:
1474:
1420:10.2307/1291057
1399:
1369:
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1356:
1352:
1344:
1340:
1332:
1328:
1320:
1311:
1303:
1299:
1291:
1287:
1279:
1275:
1271:, pp. 6–7.
1267:
1263:
1255:
1251:
1243:
1239:
1231:
1224:
1216:
1212:
1208:, pp. 4–5.
1204:
1200:
1192:
1188:
1180:
1176:
1172:, pp. 2–4.
1168:
1164:
1156:
1152:
1144:
1137:
1129:
1122:
1114:
1107:
1099:
1092:
1084:
1080:
1072:
1068:
1060:
1056:
1052:, pp. 5–6.
1048:
1044:
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1024:
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991:
983:
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971:
958:
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946:
938:
929:
921:
917:
913:
908:
907:
898:
894:
889:
848:Hugh de Brienne
846:, and secondly
829:
795:
540:Duchy of Athens
513:Mount Parnassus
504:
493:
483:
360:
317:
297:Duchy of Athens
221:
210:
136:Komnenos Doukas
124:
120:
116:
112:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1710:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1692:Sebastokrators
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1633:
1632:
1622:
1619:
1610:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1559:
1544:
1525:
1501:
1495:
1478:
1472:
1460:, ed. (1991).
1454:
1432:
1403:
1397:
1379:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1360:, p. 246.
1350:
1338:
1326:
1324:, p. 235.
1309:
1307:, p. 194.
1297:
1285:
1283:, p. 297.
1273:
1261:
1249:
1237:
1235:, p. 188.
1222:
1220:, p. 283.
1210:
1198:
1186:
1174:
1162:
1150:
1135:
1120:
1105:
1103:, p. 231.
1090:
1088:, p. 169.
1078:
1066:
1054:
1042:
1040:, p. 163.
1030:
1018:
1006:
1004:, p. 164.
989:
987:, p. 123.
977:
956:
944:
927:
914:
912:
909:
906:
905:
891:
890:
888:
885:
884:
883:
876:
866:
855:
852:Count of Lecce
844:Duke of Athens
833:
820:
817:John II Doukas
810:
807:Constantinople
794:
791:
729:John Synadenos
664:John XI Bekkos
624:Duke of Athens
603:Pope Gregory X
572:Roman Catholic
517:Achelous River
482:
479:
471:Constantinople
427:Ionian Islands
403:Nicaean Empire
316:
313:
252:Constantinople
183:Iōánnēs Doúkas
172:Ἰωάννης Δούκας
159:
158:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
133:
127:
126:
122:Helena Komnene
109:
103:
102:
99:
95:
94:
91:
90:
81:
77:
76:
66:
62:
61:
58:
54:
53:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1709:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
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1644:
1642:
1630:
1625:
1616:
1615:
1608:
1607:
1606:
1598:
1592:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1562:
1560:3-7001-3003-1
1556:
1552:
1551:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1532:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1475:
1473:0-19-504652-8
1469:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1398:0-472-08260-4
1394:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1359:
1354:
1348:, p. 30.
1347:
1342:
1335:
1330:
1323:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1306:
1301:
1294:
1289:
1282:
1277:
1270:
1265:
1258:
1253:
1246:
1241:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1219:
1214:
1207:
1202:
1195:
1190:
1183:
1178:
1171:
1166:
1159:
1154:
1147:
1142:
1140:
1133:, p. 72.
1132:
1127:
1125:
1117:
1112:
1110:
1102:
1097:
1095:
1087:
1082:
1075:
1070:
1063:
1058:
1051:
1046:
1039:
1034:
1027:
1022:
1015:
1010:
1003:
998:
996:
994:
986:
981:
975:, p. 97.
974:
969:
967:
965:
963:
961:
953:
948:
941:
936:
934:
932:
924:
919:
915:
902:
896:
892:
881:
877:
874:
870:
867:
864:
860:
856:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
834:
824:
821:
818:
814:
811:
808:
804:
803:
802:
800:
799:monastic name
790:
788:
784:
779:
775:
774:
769:
768:Porta Panagia
765:
760:
758:
754:
750:
745:
743:
739:
736:
735:
730:
726:
725:
719:
718:sebastokratōr
715:
714:
709:
706:
705:
699:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
672:anathematized
669:
665:
661:
657:
656:papal legates
653:
652:Siderokastron
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
620:
616:
612:
608:
607:excommunicate
604:
599:
597:
593:
589:
585:
584:Papal primacy
581:
577:
573:
569:
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
545:
541:
537:
532:
530:
529:sebastokratōr
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
509:Mount Olympus
487:
478:
476:
472:
468:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
419:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
387:
383:
382:monastic name
379:
375:
370:
368:
367:
366:sebastokratōr
355:
352:
348:
344:
340:
337:
334:
330:
326:
322:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
293:anathematized
290:
286:
282:
281:
280:sebastokratōr
275:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
234:Married to a
232:
230:
229:
216:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
184:
178:
169:
165:
164:John I Doukas
157:
154:
150:
147:
144:
140:
137:
134:
132:
128:
123:
119:
115:
110:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
78:
74:
70:
67:
63:
59:
55:
52:
47:
44:
43:
42:Sebastokratōr
38:
35:John I Doukas
33:
29:Sebastokratōr
27:
19:
18:John I Doukas
1612:
1602:
1601:
1583:
1579:
1548:
1530:
1512:
1508:
1505:Nicol, D. M.
1482:
1461:
1440:
1411:
1407:
1387:
1374:
1353:
1341:
1334:Polemis 1968
1329:
1300:
1288:
1276:
1264:
1252:
1240:
1213:
1201:
1189:
1177:
1165:
1153:
1148:, p. 5.
1081:
1069:
1057:
1045:
1033:
1021:
1009:
980:
973:Polemis 1968
952:Polemis 1968
947:
923:Polemis 1968
918:
895:
796:
771:
761:
746:
732:
717:
713:prōtostratōr
711:
708:Manuel Raoul
702:
700:
676:Hagia Sophia
615:Nicholas III
600:
568:Latin Empire
565:
544:Donald Nicol
533:
528:
499:
467:Thessalonica
463:
420:
371:
364:
321:illegitimate
318:
278:
276:
233:
225:
191:
163:
162:
40:
26:
1647:1289 deaths
830: 1300
783:Constantine
505: 1268
494: 1278
397:, and King
361: 1272
305:Constantine
222: 1268
211: 1230
114:Constantine
84:Constantine
65:Predecessor
1641:Categories
1618:1268–1289
1450:1011763434
1414:: 99–141.
1269:Nicol 1962
1245:Nicol 1962
1206:Nicol 1962
1170:Nicol 1962
1146:Nicol 1962
1050:Nicol 1962
911:References
875:of Serbia.
773:katholikon
660:Andronikos
611:Innocent V
551:raid into
439:Nikephoros
260:Nikephoros
146:Michael II
69:Michael II
1540:299868377
1385:(1994) .
1322:Fine 1994
1305:Fine 1994
1233:Fine 1994
1086:Fine 1994
1074:Fine 1994
1062:Fine 1994
1038:Fine 1994
1026:Fine 1994
1002:Fine 1994
764:Karl Hopf
742:Pharsalos
704:pinkernēs
696:Neopatras
640:Zetounion
632:scattered
459:Pharsalos
451:Velestino
447:Demetrias
347:Neopatras
272:Neopatras
194:, was an
188:Latinized
177:romanized
80:Successor
60:1268–1289
49:Ruler of
1578:(1974).
1521:25505111
1515:: 1–16.
1438:(1959).
809:in 1307.
787:Theodore
776:, and a
731:and the
682:, a few
538:and the
455:Halmyros
435:Ioannina
386:Thessaly
336:Komnenos
309:Theodore
268:Thessaly
215:Thessaly
118:Theodore
88:Theodore
51:Thessaly
1428:1291057
1367:Sources
757:malaria
692:Trikala
680:bishops
644:Gardiki
588:Eulogia
423:Vonitsa
339:Angelos
228:Angelos
179::
131:Dynasty
111:Michael
1557:
1538:
1519:
1493:
1470:
1448:
1426:
1395:
825:(died
793:Family
778:fresco
710:, the
684:abbots
650:, and
648:Gravia
561:Apulia
553:Thrace
457:, and
405:under
395:Achaea
363:, was
333:Doukas
327:, the
289:synods
264:Epirus
152:Mother
142:Father
1697:Ypati
1582:[
1517:JSTOR
1424:JSTOR
887:Notes
688:monks
549:Tatar
343:Latin
291:that
248:Latin
226:John
217:from
192:Ducas
168:Greek
107:Issue
57:Reign
1627:and
1555:ISBN
1536:OCLC
1491:ISBN
1468:ISBN
1446:OCLC
1393:ISBN
785:and
694:and
613:and
574:and
557:silk
521:Anna
431:Arta
413:and
307:and
299:and
266:and
101:1289
98:Died
86:and
71:(as
1603:as
1416:doi
1116:ODB
940:PLP
605:to
393:of
356:in
206:in
198:of
190:as
186:),
1643::
1513:63
1511:.
1489:.
1422:.
1410:.
1312:^
1225:^
1138:^
1123:^
1108:^
1093:^
992:^
959:^
930:^
850:,
842:,
827:c.
744:.
646:,
642:,
626:,
594:,
531:.
502:c.
491:c.
477:.
453:,
449:,
369:.
358:c.
311:.
231:.
219:c.
208:c.
202:,
174:,
170::
1563:.
1542:.
1523:.
1499:.
1476:.
1452:.
1430:.
1418::
1412:7
1401:.
882:.
865:.
854:.
496:.
166:(
75:)
20:)
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