841:
459:
leaving it behind, rolled forward with great velocity, assuming the form of a large solitary elevation, a rounded, smooth and well-defined heap of water, which continued its course along the channel apparently without change of form or diminution of speed. I followed it on horseback, and overtook it still rolling on at a rate of some eight or nine miles an hour , preserving its original figure some thirty feet long and a foot to a foot and a half in height. Its height gradually diminished, and after a chase of one or two miles I lost it in the windings of the channel. Such, in the month of August 1834, was my first chance interview with that singular and beautiful phenomenon which I have called the Wave of
Translation.
896:. Although the original conception, the cellular construction and the joint use of paddle and screw were Brunel's ideas, "the ship embodies the wave-line form, the longitudinal system of construction, the complete and partial bulkheads, and other details of construction which were peculiarly Scott Russell’s". The project was plagued with a number of problems—Scott Russell put in a bid which was far too low with the result that he was bankrupt halfway through, though he recovered to finish the job; but it was Brunel that insisted on a sideways launch rather than the dry dock that Russell preferred.
410:
995:
687:
919:
967:
492:
831:"it may be said that on commencing his career he found it the most empirical of arts, and he left it one of the most exact of engineering sciences. To this great result many others contributed largely besides himself; but his personal investigations, and the theories which he deduced from them, gave the first impetus to scientific naval architecture".
646:
did not mention John Scott
Russell's name at all in their 1895 paper but they did quote Boussinesq's paper in 1871 and Lord Rayleigh's paper in 1876. Although the paper by Korteweg and de Vries in 1895 was not the first theoretical treatment of this subject, it was a very important milestone in the
326:
in 1832, Scott
Russell, though only 24 years old, was elected to temporarily fill the vacancy pending the election of a permanent professor, due to his proficiency in the natural sciences and popularity as a lecturer. But although encouraged to stand for the permanent position he refused to compete
793:
to the committee and when, a few weeks before the first exhibition in 1847, there were no exhibitors, Russell and Cole spent three whole days travelling around London to enlist manufacturers and shopkeepers. This and two subsequent exhibitions were such a success that an international version was
377:
were frequent visitors at the Scott
Russell home in the mid-1860s; Clay became engaged to Alice, and Sullivan wooed Rachel. While Clay was from a wealthy family, Sullivan was still a poor young composer from a poor family; the Scott Russells welcomed the engagement of Alice to Clay, who, however
458:
I was observing the motion of a boat which was rapidly drawn along a narrow channel by a pair of horses, when the boat suddenly stopped—not so the mass of water in the channel which it had put in motion; it accumulated round the prow of the vessel in a state of violent agitation, then suddenly
433:
at hourly intervals at 15 mph. The road trustees objected that it wore out the road and placed various obstructions of logs and stones in the road, which actually caused more discomfort for horse-drawn carriages. But in July 1834 one of the carriages was overturned and the boiler smashed,
66:
694:
Once
Russell had a way of observing boats at hitherto unprecedented speeds at the front of his wave of translation, he tackled the more fundamental issue for boat design of finding the hull shape which gives the least resistance. This, he reasoned was concerned with moving the mass of water
378:
broke it off, but forbade the relationship between
Sullivan and Rachel, although the two continued to see each other covertly. At some point in 1868, Sullivan started a simultaneous (and secret) affair with Louise (1841–1878). Both relationships had ceased by early 1869.
630:
published a paper in
Philosophical Magazine in 1876 to support John Scott Russell's experimental observation with his mathematical theory. In his 1876 paper, Lord Rayleigh mentioned Scott Russell's name and also admitted that the first theoretical treatment was by
673:
Note that solitons are, by definition, unaltered in shape and speed by a collision with other solitons. So solitary waves on a water surface are not solitons – after the interaction of two (colliding or overtaking) solitary waves, they have changed slightly in
915:, is said by some to be a "Russell ship". He afterwards complained about the secrecy that prevented an open discussion of the issues, criticizing those within the Navy who argued that iron ships could not be protected.
2163:
397:
from
Southampton to New York in June 1860. Scott Russell's son, Norman, stayed with Holley at his house in Brooklyn — Norman also travelled on the maiden voyage, one voyage that John Scott Russell did not make.
717:
His studies produced a revolution in the design of hulls for merchant and navy vessels. Most ships of the time had rounded bows to optimise the cargo-carrying capacity, but starting from the 1840s the "extreme
303:. It was while at the University of Glasgow that he added his mother's maiden name, Scott, to his own, to become John Scott Russell. He graduated from Glasgow University in 1825 at the age of 17 and moved to
623:
The formula is denoted as "the law of Scott
Russell" within the text. His contemporaries spent some time attempting to extend the theory but it would take until the 1870s before an explanation was provided.
986:. At 108 metres (354 ft) in diameter it was for nearly a century the largest cupola in the world, having no ties to obstruct the view. Some consider it his greatest structural engineering achievement.
523:
had difficulty to accept Scott
Russell's experimental observations because Scott Russell's observations could not be explained by the existing water-wave theories. Additional observations were reported by
900:
was eventually launched in 1858. Scott Russell was a better scientist than a businessman and his reputation never fully recovered from his financial irregularities, gross neglect of duty and disputes. As
1016:
Memoirs on "The great Solitary Wave of the First Order, or the Wave of Translation" published in the Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and of several Memoirs in the Reports of the British
635:
in 1871; Boussinesq had mentioned Scott Russell's name in his 1871 paper. Thus Scott Russell's observations on solitary waves were accepted as true by some prominent scientists within his own lifetime.
942:
had to meet the unusual requirement that its draft not exceed six feet (1.85m). He achieved this by using the superstructure to carry the stresses of the train. (It was not until 1892 that the first
347:
in 1839; they had two sons (Norman survived) and three daughters, Louise (1841–1878), Rachel (1845–1882) and Alice. In London they lived for five years in a house provided for the secretary of the
1457:
Recherches Hydrauliques: Rapport fait à l'académie des sciences dans ses séances des 27 juillet et 3 août 1863 sur un mémoire de M. Bazin, sur le mouvement de l'eau dans les canaux découverts
805:
in 1847 attending regularly and making frequent contributions, was elected to its council in 1857 and became a vice-president in 1862. However he became involved in a financial dispute with
820:
was set up, with Russell as one of the professional vice-presidents. He attended most meetings and rarely failed to comment. In 1864 he published a massive 3-volume treatise on
619:
471:, but Bidone's work seems to have gone unnoticed by researchers in the Netherlands and Britain, despite being mentioned in the Edinburgh Journal of Science in the same year.
417:
While in Edinburgh he experimented with steam engines, using a square boiler for which he developed a method of staying the surface of the boiler which became universal. The
1462:
Hydraulic Researches: Report made to the academy of sciences in its sessions of 27 July and 3 August 1863 on a memoir of Mr. Bazin, on the movement of water in open channels
905:
writes in his biography of Brunel "That Russell had indeed misled Brunel and betrayed his trust was now becoming the more lamentably apparent with every day that passed".
794:
planned for 1851. By this time Russell had once again started shipbuilding, the railway boom having finished, and although he became the RSA's appointed secretary for the
425:
with two cylinders developing 12 horsepower each. Six were constructed in 1834, well-sprung and fitted out to high standard, which from March 1834 ran between Glasgow's
695:
efficiently out of the way of the hull and then back to fill the gap after it has passed. By careful measurements with dynamometers he validated his theory that a
1455:
474:
Scott Russell spent some time making practical and theoretical investigations of these waves. He built wave tanks at his home and noticed some key properties:
710:, but soon realised that the removing water produced something closer to conventional waves than his solitary waves and ended up with a rounded stern with a
1030:
in his memory. Also in 1995, the hydrodynamic soliton effect was reproduced near the place where John Scott Russell observed hydrodynamic solitons in 1834.
2377:
1486:
Verslag aan de Fransche academie van wetenschappen over het gedeelte der verhandeling van Bazin, betrekkelijk de opstuwingen en de voortbeweging der golven
554:
Verslag aan de Fransche academie van wetenschappen over het gedeelte der verhandeling van Bazin, betrekkelijk de opstuwingen en de voortbeweging der golven
2357:
295:
John Russell was born on the 9th May 1808 with in Parkhead, Glasgow, the son of Reverend David Russell and Agnes Clark Scott. He spent one year at the
401:
His son, Norman, followed his father in becoming a naval architect, contributing to the Institution of Naval Architects which his father had founded.
2337:
1010:
by the Royal Society of Edinburgh for his paper "On the Laws by which water opposes Resistance to the Motion of Floating Bodies". He was elected a
442:
In 1834, while conducting experiments to determine the most efficient design for canal boats, he discovered a phenomenon that he described as the
2372:
765:
In 1844, the railway boom was at its height. Russell had contributed an article on the Steam engine and steam navigation for the 7th edition of
2367:
1680:
Fenton, J.D.; Rienecker, M.M. (1982). "A Fourier method for solving nonlinear water-wave problems: application to solitary-wave interactions".
883:. Problems with refuelling and water led Brunel to think in terms of larger ships for this voyage, but five more were built in the same class.
840:
434:
causing the death of several passengers. Two of the coaches were sent to London where they ran for a short time between London and Greenwich.
2392:
2382:
2332:
844:
John Scott Russell (builder), Henry Wakefield (Russell's assistant), Isambard Kingdom Brunel (designer) and Lord Derby at the launching of
2268:
478:
The waves are stable, and can travel over very large distances (normal waves would tend to either flatten out, or steepen and topple over)
762:
and throughout his life he contributed to the scientific and professional associations that were becoming more important in that era.
327:
with another candidate he admired and thereafter concentrated the engineering profession and experimental research on a large scale.
2317:
237:
47:
809:
and didn't become president. But "as a speaker, and particularly as an after-dinner speaker, he had few equals." He was elected a
17:
336:
2352:
1958:
1382:
930:
At a time when all previous train ferries were riverine vessels, in 1868 Scott Russell designed a train ferry for service on
1491:
Report to the French Academy of Sciences on the portion of Bazin's treatise, relating to surges and the propagation of waves
958:
as the basis of a cross-channel ferry that could manage the shallow harbour of Dover, but this was not realised until 1933.
560:
Report to the French Academy of Sciences on the portion of Bazin's treatise relating to surges and the propagation of waves
1539:"Théorie de l'intumescence liquide, applelée onde solitaire ou de translation, se propageant dans un canal rectangulaire"
390:
55:
2387:
2327:
2258:
2234:
2211:
1985:
1624:
1253:
1041:
484:
Unlike normal waves they will never merge—so a small wave is overtaken by a large one, rather than the two combining.
654:
It was not until the 1960s and the advent of modern computers that the significance of Scott Russell's discovery in
574:) in 1869. Within the original French paper, and the translated work, the velocity of a solitary wave is given as:
1360:
798:, Henry Cole was by this time taking the lead, and he ended up with only a Gold Medal as his reward for much work.
2342:
2322:
1569:"On the Change of Form of Long Waves advancing in a Rectangular Canal and on a New Type of Long Stationary Waves"
1512:
1408:
817:
207:
1063:
Report of the fourteenth meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, York, September 1844
2362:
2250:
802:
203:
1387:
35th Summer Training Course Lecture Collection, Japan Society of Civil Engineers Coastal Engineering Committee
172:
Osborne Russell, Norman Scott Russell, Louisa Scott Russell, Mary Rachel Scott Russell, Alice M. Scott Russell
2025:"On the professional problem presented to naval architects in the construction of iron cased vessels of war"
1026:– the same canal where he observed his Wave of Translation – over the Edinburgh Bypass (A720) was named the
385:
befriended Scott Russell and his family on his various visits to London at the time of the construction of
2001:
1948:
1717:
Craig, W.; Guyenne, P.; Hammack, J.; Henderson, D.; Sulem, C. (2006). "Solitary water wave interactions".
2081:
1011:
810:
240:
51:
579:
389:. Holley also visited Scott Russell's house in Sydenham. As a result of this, Holley, and his colleague
2347:
908:
During the 1850s he argued within the Navy for the construction of iron warships and the first design,
632:
195:
2103:
1770:
766:
983:
296:
142:
2049:
1123:
284:
1484:
1153:
887:
770:
323:
308:
273:
138:
2276:
1616:
1610:
1034:
1027:
1023:
382:
1872:"The Royal Institution of Naval Architects and its Work - 1860-1960 - A Brief Historical Note"
2036:
1243:
871:
company. He built two ships for Brunel for the Australia run, much the same size as Brunel's
806:
790:
782:
520:
430:
300:
146:
1346:
2312:
2307:
1726:
1689:
1652:
1209:
Ainger, p. 87. Some two hundred love letters from the two women to Sullivan have survived.
1792:
Report of the Eighteenth Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science
1432:
525:
276:. He made the discovery of the wave of translation that gave birth to the modern study of
8:
865:
759:
516:
1818:
1753:
1730:
1693:
1656:
1269:
1092:
938:, which entered service in 1869. This was the world's first cross-lake train ferry. The
726:. After his views were propounded by Commander Fishbourne, the American naval architect
2223:
2185:
1705:
1668:
1061:
909:
861:
856:
shipyard of Thomson and Spiers where he introduced his wave-line system to a series of
758:
Much of Russell's early experimental work had been conducted under the auspices of the
529:
487:
If a wave is too big for the depth of water, it splits into two, one big and one small.
364:
319:
263:
31:
2254:
2230:
2207:
1981:
1954:
1709:
1672:
1620:
1560:
1534:
1249:
1173:
1098:
1079:
747:
727:
639:
340:
355:, which became a centre of attention especially after Russell and his friends moved
2290:
1851:
1734:
1697:
1660:
1580:
1538:
1165:
892:
872:
795:
508:
360:
268:
860:
ships, together with many other innovations. After the shipyard was taken over by
2064:
2024:
1975:
1564:
1220:
643:
370:
348:
315:
211:
785:
to organise a national exhibition, which provided them with a town house in the
722:" started to show concave bows as increasingly did steam ships culminating with
670:
started to become understood, leading to the modern general theory of solitons.
951:
931:
786:
743:
481:
The speed depends on the size of the wave, and its width on the depth of water.
464:
447:
422:
259:
128:
1701:
1664:
1584:
2301:
1944:
1856:
1839:
1820:
On the Nature, Properties, and Applications of Steam, and on Steam Navigation
1787:
1177:
1169:
1051:
His 1844 paper has become a classical paper and is quite frequently cited in
975:
943:
902:
627:
512:
426:
409:
374:
356:
352:
199:
1102:
1083:
998:
A plaque marking the workshop of John Scott Russell at 8 Stafford Street in
781:. The next year he also became the secretary of the committee set up by the
1315:
1055:-related papers or books even after more than one hundred and fifty years.
868:
719:
667:
504:
496:
2128:. West Chester, Pa.: Schiffer Publishing, Ltd., p. 26. ISBN 0-88740-325-5.
1788:"On certain effects produced on sound by the rapid motion of the observer"
1643:
Maxworthy, T. (1976). "Experiments on collisions between solitary waves".
1304:
This passage has been repeated in many papers and books on soliton theory.
2225:
Worlds of Flow: A History of Hydrodynamics from the Bernoullis to Prandtl
1383:"On the Historical Development of the Mathematical Theory of Water Waves"
1007:
994:
886:
Before they started any business together, he was held in high regard by
778:
707:
696:
659:
543:
463:
The phenomenon of solitary waves had previously been reported in 1826 by
222:
1353:
On the Historical Development of the Mathematical Theory of Water Waves
857:
1738:
777:
in London and the Russell family was soon in a small two-room flat in
999:
742:
Scott Russell made one of the first experimental observations of the
686:
675:
304:
1871:
1568:
974:
Although his design for the Great Exhibition was trumped by that of
853:
734:
of 1850 though he was grudging in acknowledging a debt to Russell.
711:
247:
89:
2247:
John Scott Russell: A Great Victorian Engineer and Naval Architect
1435:(1862). "Expériences sur les ondes et la propagation des remous".
824:
which laid out the profiles of many of the new ships being built.
65:
1052:
979:
663:
655:
648:
277:
255:
251:
116:
93:
1158:
Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers
491:
918:
344:
1094:
The Wave of Translation in the Oceans of Water, Air, and Ether
773:
offered him the editorial position of a new weekly paper, the
413:
The steam carriage, with boiler below the axle and two pistons
1318:[Experiments on the Swell, and on Wave Propagation].
1270:"Steam Carriage, 1834 – Mitchell Library, Glasgow Collection"
703:
468:
1716:
966:
335:
He married Harriette Osborne, daughter of the Irish baronet
1316:"Experiences sur le Remou, et sur la Propagation des Ondes"
532:
in France. In 1863, Bazin authored a research paper titled
280:, and developed the wave-line system of ship construction.
243:
1221:"On the relative merits of broadside guns and turret guns"
852:
From around 1838, Scott Russell was employed at the small
503:
Scott Russell's experimental work seemed at contrast with
954:, entered service.) Scott Russell used the design of the
864:, he decided to move to London and in 1848 purchased the
2141:. Berkeley, Calif.: Howell-North Books, pp. 1, 69-71.
1493:] (in Dutch). Koninklijk Instituut van Ingenieurs
1437:
Comptes Rendus des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences
690:
Scheme of the bow according to the waveline principle
582:
307:
where he taught mathematics and science at the Leith
1320:
Memorie della Reale Academia delle Scienze di Torino
454:. The discovery is described here in his own words:
2006:
Transactions of the Institution of Naval Architects
816:In 1860 at a meeting at his house in Sydenham, the
2222:
1069:. London: John Murray. 311–390, Plates XLVII–LVII.
613:
536:Recherches hydrauliques entreprises par M.H. Darcy
1844:Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers
2299:
2241:includes discussion on the discovery of solitons
1559:
1124:"RINA founder's final resting place - RINA News"
730:acknowledged the force of Russell's work in his
311:, achieving the highest attendance in the city.
1679:
1612:Waves called solitons: Concepts and experiments
1154:"Obituary: John Scott Russell FRS, 1808 - 1882"
890:who made him a partner in his project to build
562:) was featured in the proceedings of the Dutch
1464:] (in French). Institut impérial de France
2062:
2022:
1816:
1785:
1511:
1060:Russell, J. Scott (1845). "Report on Waves".
550:A Dutch translation of Bazin's work entitled
547:) which featured the work of Scott Russell.
528:in 1862 after experiments carried out in the
678:and an oscillatory residual is left behind.
534:
2378:Scottish Engineering Hall of Fame inductees
1608:
753:
564:
552:
2002:"On Long and Short Ironclads (discussion)"
1834:
1832:
1830:
1751:
1533:
1453:
769:in 1841 which also appeared in book form.
437:
64:
2358:Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
2082:"On Railway Communication across the Sea"
1855:
1772:Treatise on Marine and Naval Architecture
1768:
1642:
1543:Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences
827:His obituary said of naval architecture:
732:Treatise on marine and naval architecture
2338:Academics of the University of Edinburgh
2291:John Scott Russell and the solitary wave
2244:
2220:
2150:
1931:
1904:
1892:
1597:
1406:
1262:
1197:
1140:
1022:In 1995, the aqueduct which carries the
993:
965:
917:
839:
685:
490:
408:
2204:Gilbert and Sullivan – A Dual Biography
2079:
1827:
1798:(7). John Murray, London in 1849: 37–38
1482:
1293:
1245:History of Automobile and its inventors
1218:
1090:
1076:The Modern System of Naval Architecture
1073:
1059:
822:The Modern System of Naval Architecture
14:
2373:Alumni of the University of St Andrews
2300:
2201:
1973:
1313:
813:in 1849 although he contributed less.
339:and Harriette Trench, daughter of the
2368:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
2086:Trans Institution of Naval Architects
1431:
1241:
989:
961:
2393:Fellows of the Royal Society of Arts
2383:19th-century Scottish businesspeople
2066:The Fleet of the Future:Iron or Wood
1950:Isambard Kingdom Brunel: A Biography
1943:
1916:
1910:
1380:
1344:
393:, travelled on the maiden voyage of
2333:Alumni of the University of Glasgow
2206:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1454:Bazin, H.É.; Darcy, H.P.G. (1863).
681:
566:Koninklijk Instituut van Ingenieurs
542:Hydraulic Researches Undertaken by
180:David Russell and Agnes Clark Scott
24:
1128:RINA founder’s final resting place
614:{\displaystyle c={\sqrt {g(h+z)}}}
25:
2404:
2284:
2126:German Passenger Liners 1816-1990
1980:. Ebury Publishing. p. 147.
1042:Scottish Engineering Hall of Fame
1040:In 2019 he was inducted into the
737:
450:the wave is now called Russell's
404:
2269:"Obituary of John Scott Russell"
1953:. London: Longman. p. 257.
1410:The Edinburgh Journal of Science
1396:– via TU Delft Repository.
1361:Japan Society of Civil Engineers
1006:In 1838 he was awarded the gold
835:
258:, Isle of Wight) was a Scottish
2318:19th-century Scottish engineers
2178:
2164:"Library and Archive Catalogue"
2156:
2144:
2131:
2118:
2096:
2073:
2056:
2016:
1994:
1967:
1937:
1925:
1898:
1886:
1864:
1810:
1779:
1775:(3rd ed.). pp. 152–3.
1762:
1745:
1633:
1602:
1591:
1553:
1527:
1505:
1476:
1447:
1425:
1400:
1374:
1338:
1307:
1298:
1225:Institution of Naval Architects
1046:
978:, Scott Russell did design the
818:Institution of Naval Architects
801:Russell became a member of the
699:wave produces the ideal shape.
419:Scottish Steam Carriage Company
208:Institution of Naval Architects
164:Harriette Russell (née Osborne)
1840:"Obituary, John Scott Russell"
1755:Lectures on Naval Architecture
1287:
1235:
1219:Russell, Norman Scott (1864).
1212:
1203:
1191:
1146:
1134:
1116:
803:Institution of Civil Engineers
750:published his theory in 1842.
702:Initially he thought that the
647:history of the development of
606:
594:
495:Solitary wave in a laboratory
330:
283:Russell was a promoter of the
204:Institution of Civil Engineers
13:
1:
290:
2353:Fellows of the Royal Society
2245:Emmerson, George S. (1977).
2124:Hansen, Clas Broder (1991),
2104:"The Dover Train Ferry Dock"
2080:Russell, John Scott (1869).
2063:Scott Russell, John (1861).
2023:Scott Russell, John (1861).
1817:Scott Russell, John (1841).
1786:Scott Russell, John (1848).
1242:Weeks, Lyman Horace (2010).
1097:. London: Trübner & Co.
946:cross-lake train ferry, the
746:which he published in 1848.
572:Royal Institute of Engineers
7:
2229:. Oxford University Press.
2139:The Great Lakes Car Ferries
1769:Griffiths, John W. (1852).
1725:(57106): 057106–057106–25.
1012:Fellow of the Royal Society
811:Fellow of the Royal Society
299:before transferring to the
10:
2409:
2221:Darrigol, Olivier (2005).
2195:
2137:Hilton, George W (1962).
1977:Fred Dibnah's Age Of Steam
1752:Fishbourne, E. G. (1846).
1682:Journal of Fluid Mechanics
1645:Journal of Fluid Mechanics
1091:Russell, J. Scott (1885).
1074:Russell, J. Scott (1864).
789:. Russell soon introduced
633:Joseph Valentin Boussinesq
266:and shipbuilder who built
196:Royal Society of Edinburgh
70:John Scott Russell in 1847
29:
2388:Scottish company founders
1702:10.1017/S0022112082001141
1665:10.1017/S0022112076003194
1585:10.1080/14786449508620739
1248:. Tec Books. p. 85.
706:could be a mirror of the
429:and the Tontine Hotel in
297:University of St. Andrews
228:
218:
191:
184:
176:
168:
160:
152:
143:University of St. Andrews
134:
124:
101:
75:
63:
41:
2328:British naval architects
2202:Ainger, Michael (2002).
1857:10.1680/imotp.1887.21314
1609:Remoissenet, M. (1999).
1170:10.1680/imotp.1887.21314
1110:
754:Professional association
337:Sir Daniel Toler Osborne
285:Great Exhibition of 1851
119:, Isle of Wight, England
30:Not to be confused with
1919:Isambard Kingdom Brunel
1164:(1887): 427–440. 1887.
1078:. London: Day and Son.
888:Isambard Kingdom Brunel
771:Charles Wentworth Dilke
767:Encyclopædia Britannica
438:The wave of translation
421:was formed producing a
324:University of Edinburgh
274:Isambard Kingdom Brunel
139:University of Edinburgh
18:John Russell (engineer)
2343:Shipbuilding in London
2323:Engineers from Glasgow
2044:Cite journal requires
1573:Philosophical Magazine
1517:Philosophical Magazine
1359:(in Japanese). Tokyo:
1035:Heriot-Watt University
1028:Scott Russell Aqueduct
1003:
984:1873 Vienna Exposition
971:
927:
849:
691:
615:
565:
553:
535:
500:
461:
414:
383:Alexander Lyman Holley
381:The American engineer
359:'s glasshouse for the
272:in collaboration with
2363:Scottish shipbuilders
1974:Dibnah, Fred (2010).
1917:ROLT, L.T.C. (1957).
1407:Brewster, D. (1826).
997:
969:
922:Maiden voyage of the
921:
843:
807:Sir William Armstrong
783:Royal Society of Arts
689:
616:
521:George Gabriel Stokes
494:
456:
412:
301:University of Glasgow
198:(Councillor 1838-9),
147:University of Glasgow
1615:. Springer. p.
1515:(1876). "On waves".
1483:Olivier, E. (1869).
1037:is named after him.
580:
309:Mechanics' Institute
2166:. The Royal Society
1731:2006PhFl...18e7106C
1694:1982JFM...118..411F
1657:1976JFM....76..177M
1314:Bidone, G. (1826).
1130:. 22 February 2022.
866:Millwall Iron Works
760:British Association
517:George Biddell Airy
444:wave of translation
214:(Secretary 1845-50)
1823:. A. and C. Black.
1004:
990:Honours and awards
972:
962:The Vienna Rotunda
928:
850:
692:
611:
530:canal de Bourgogne
501:
415:
365:the Crystal Palace
351:and then moved to
320:Natural Philosophy
235:John Scott Russell
210:(Vice President),
206:(Vice President),
186:Engineering career
43:John Scott Russell
32:John Russell Scott
2348:Fluid dynamicists
1960:978-0-14-007986-9
1850:: 427–440. 1882.
1739:10.1063/1.2205916
1719:Physics of Fluids
1381:Goda, Y. (1999).
1345:Goda, Y. (1999).
1014:in June 1849 for
775:Railway Chronicle
748:Christian Doppler
728:John W. Griffiths
609:
341:Earl of Clancarty
232:
231:
16:(Redirected from
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956:Bodensee Trajekt
940:Bodensee Trajekt
936:Bodensee Trajekt
924:Bodensee Trajekt
873:SS Great Britain
796:Great Exhibition
682:Wave line system
620:
618:
617:
612:
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568:
556:
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509:Daniel Bernoulli
361:Great Exhibition
314:On the death of
112:
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39:
38:
21:
2408:
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2279:on 25 May 2011.
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838:
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666:and especially
589:
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578:
577:
511:'s theories of
440:
407:
373:and his friend
371:Arthur Sullivan
349:Society of Arts
333:
318:, Professor of
316:Sir John Leslie
293:
264:naval architect
254:– 8 June 1882,
212:Society of Arts
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1651:(1): 177–186.
1632:
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1575:. 5th Series.
1561:Korteweg, D.J.
1552:
1535:Boussinesq, J.
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952:Frank E. Kirby
950:, designed by
932:Lake Constance
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2153:, p. 280
2152:
2151:Emmerson 1977
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1895:, p. 166
1894:
1893:Emmerson 1977
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1523:(4): 257–279.
1522:
1518:
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1513:Lord Rayleigh
1508:
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1439:(in French).
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1200:, p. 260
1199:
1198:Emmerson 1977
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2277:the original
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2180:
2168:. Retrieved
2158:
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2138:
2133:
2125:
2120:
2108:. Retrieved
2098:
2089:
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2075:
2065:
2058:
2037:cite journal
2028:
2018:
2009:
2005:
1996:
1976:
1969:
1949:
1939:
1934:, p. 75
1927:
1918:
1912:
1907:, p. 63
1900:
1888:
1876:. Retrieved
1866:
1847:
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1819:
1812:
1800:. Retrieved
1795:
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1747:
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1718:
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1635:
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1604:
1593:
1576:
1572:
1565:de Vries, G.
1555:
1546:
1542:
1529:
1520:
1519:. Series 5.
1516:
1507:
1495:. Retrieved
1490:
1485:
1478:
1466:. Retrieved
1461:
1456:
1449:
1440:
1436:
1433:Bazin, Henry
1427:
1415:. Retrieved
1409:
1402:
1390:. Retrieved
1386:
1376:
1364:. Retrieved
1352:
1348:「波動問題」の歴史的変遷
1347:
1340:
1328:. Retrieved
1323:
1319:
1309:
1300:
1289:
1277:. Retrieved
1273:
1264:
1244:
1237:
1228:
1224:
1214:
1205:
1193:
1181:. Retrieved
1161:
1157:
1148:
1136:
1127:
1118:
1093:
1075:
1062:
1050:
1047:Publications
1039:
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1021:
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973:
955:
947:
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929:
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911:
907:
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869:shipbuilding
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672:
668:fibre optics
653:
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505:Isaac Newton
502:
497:wave channel
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234:
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192:Institutions
185:
36:
2313:1882 deaths
2308:1808 births
2251:John Murray
2186:"Inductees"
2012:: 77. 1869.
1688:: 411–443.
1143:, p. 7
1024:Union Canal
1017:Association
1008:Keith Medal
970:The Rotunde
779:Westminster
697:versed sine
660:electronics
526:Henry Bazin
331:Family life
223:Keith Prize
125:Nationality
105:8 June 1882
2302:Categories
2170:10 October
1639:See e.g.:
1549:: 755–759.
1443:: 353–357.
858:Royal Mail
791:Henry Cole
570:(English:
558:(English:
544:M.H. Darcy
540:(English:
367:close by.
291:Early life
153:Occupation
109:1882-06-09
96:, Scotland
83:1808-05-09
79:9 May 1808
2273:The Times
2110:3 January
1878:3 January
1710:120467035
1673:122969046
1497:11 August
1468:11 August
1183:10 August
1178:1753-7843
1000:Edinburgh
910:HMS
676:amplitude
305:Edinburgh
177:Parent(s)
135:Education
2092:: 47–58.
1947:(1970).
1758:. Smith.
1567:(1895).
1537:(1871).
1417:5 August
1392:5 August
1366:5 August
1330:5 August
1326:: 21–112
1279:29 March
1231:: 161–7.
1103:39005948
1084:80429969
982:for the
881:Victoria
877:Adelaide
854:Greenock
712:catenary
651:theory.
644:de Vries
640:Korteweg
278:solitons
248:Parkhead
169:Children
156:Engineer
90:Parkhead
2196:Sources
1727:Bibcode
1690:Bibcode
1653:Bibcode
1053:soliton
980:Rotunde
926:, 1869.
912:Warrior
714:shape.
664:biology
656:physics
649:soliton
507:'s and
431:Paisley
322:at the
256:Ventnor
252:Glasgow
129:British
117:Ventnor
107: (
94:Glasgow
81: (
2257:
2233:
2210:
1984:
1957:
1874:. RINA
1802:8 July
1708:
1671:
1623:
1355:]
1252:
1176:
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