1501:. In the article, he aired complaints about the foundation, but observed that many of its critics and grantees alike failed to appreciate "the breadth of the foundation's activities, much less the quixotic vision of its founder, John Templeton". Schneider observed: "At worst, Templeton could be called heterodox and naïve; at best, his was a mind more open than most, reflective of the most inventive and combinatorial strains of American religious thought, eager to radically reinterpret ancient wisdom and bring it up to speed with some version from the present." Though the foundation, in Schneider's view, "has associated itself with political and religious forces that cause it to be perceived as threatening the integrity of science and protecting the religious status quo," these alliances meant the foundation "is also better positioned than most to foster a conservatism—and a culture generally—that holds the old habits of religions and business responsible to good evidence, while helping scientists better speak to people's deepest concerns". In 2011, the science journal
1005:
1924:
1693:, and referred to the foundation as a "right-wing venture". Pamela Thompson, former Vice President of Communications of the foundation, replied that "the Foundation is, and always has been, run in accordance with the wishes of Sir John Templeton Sr, who laid very strict criteria for its mission and approach", that it is "a non-political entity with no religious bias" and it "is totally independent of any other organisation and therefore neither endorses, nor contributes to political candidates, campaigns, or movements of any kind".
878:
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1534:, who wrote that "the story wrote is not convincing", stating that "ey assertions are couched in equivocal language that relies on her judgment or her assumptions, not on any evidence offered to the reader", and that "bvious opportunities for detailed investigation – financial records, grantmaking decisions, interviews with Templeton staff, interviews with grantees, examination of correspondence between grantees and Templeton – are entirely absent".
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his peers, however, Templeton thought that the principles of progress should also apply to religion. He described himself as "an enthusiastic
Christian" — but was also open to learning from Hinduism, Islam and other religious traditions. Why, he wondered, couldn't religious ideas be open to the type of constructive competition that had produced so many advances in science and the free market?
1598:, a Vatican-backed, Templeton-funded conference in Rome. On the lack of involvement of any speakers supporting intelligent design, the conference director Rev. Marc Leclerc said, "We think that it's not a scientific perspective, nor a theological or philosophical one ... This makes a dialogue difficult, maybe impossible". In 2011,
208:
and theology. It also supports programs related to genetics, "exceptional cognitive talent and genius" and "individual freedom and free markets". The foundation receives both praise and criticism for its awards, regarding the breadth of its coverage, and ideological perspectives asserted to be associated with them.
1252:, especially based on Yang's own theory of the so-called "religious market", with speculations were based on a report of the Pew Research Center, another publication backed by the foundation. Some scholars of Chinese religion have criticized Yang's sociological theories about religion in China, although the
239:
Like many of his generation, Templeton was a great believer in progress, learning, initiative, and the power of human imagination — not to mention the free-enterprise system that allowed him, a middle-class boy from
Winchester, Tennessee, to earn billions of dollars on Wall Street. ... Unlike most of
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for achievements in the field of spirituality, including those at the intersection of science and religion. It has an extensive grant-funding program (around $ 150 million per year as of 2016) aimed at supporting research in physics, biology, psychology, and the social sciences as well as philosophy
374:. Grants are given to people across all religions since Templeton believed progress in the field of spirituality could come from anywhere. The field of grants was broadened in the 1980s to include scientific fields like neuroscience, psychology, and cosmology, seen as being aligned with the mission.
1517:
writer
Mitchell Waldrop that the foundation's purpose is to eliminate the wall between religion and science, and to use science's prestige to validate religion. Other scientists, including Foundation grantees like University of Chicago psychologist John Cacioppo and Anthony Aguirre, a University of
369:
Templeton "was a great believer in progress, learning, initiative and the power of human imagination—not to mention the free-enterprise system". While most of its funding goes to topics in science, philosophy, and religion, around 40 percent of its annual grants go to character development, genius,
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Some scholars have expressed concerns about the nature of the awards, research projects, and publications backed by the foundation. These concerns include questioning its integrity, cronyism, and its
Templeton Freedom Awards. Journalist Sunny Bains pointed out in 2011 that Templeton Freedom Awards
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Atlas project that seeks to sequence the DNA of ancient human remains to tell the story of human migration and development through the addition of DNA sequences of 10,000 individuals spanning 50,000 years. The funding was used to solve a riddle that had puzzled historians, classicists, linguists,
1529:
Faculty of
Engineering Science claimed that there is "evidence of cronyism (especially in the awarding of those million-dollar-plus Templeton prizes), a misleading attempt to move away from using religious language (without changing the religious agenda), the funding of right-wing anti-science
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that he had enjoyed his fellowship, but felt guilty that by taking money from the foundation, he had contributed to the mingling of science with religion. Horgan stated "misgivings about the foundation's agenda of reconciling religion and science". He said that a conference he attended favored
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and others. Positive psychology is "the scientific study of what makes life most worth living", or "the scientific study of positive human functioning and flourishing on multiple levels that include the biological, personal, relational, institutional, cultural, and global dimensions of life".
277:
Templeton bequeathed around $ 500 million to the foundation when he died in 2008. As of 2015 the foundation's total endowment had grown to $ 3.34 billion. The foundation reports that it has issued over 3,300 grants, with over 2,800 of those going to recipients in North
America. In 2016, the
1309:, "the good life", reflection about what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life. Positive psychology began as a new domain of psychology in 1998 when Seligman chose it as the theme for his term as president of the
405:; Pew religious demographics surveys; and programs that engage with Buddhist, Jewish, Muslim, Hindu, Orthodox, Catholic, and Protestant traditions, including support for dialogue with scientists in synagogues, and a grant for advancing scientific literacy in
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leveraging rapidly advancing quantum technologies, and promote interactions between physicists and philosophers. The broader goal of QISS is to establish a long-term research program that brings together represented communities. Marios
Christodoulou and
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The funding was used to embrace a multi-disciplinary approach and crowd-sourced results before the final manuscripts were completed, receiving commentary and feedback from academics of various institutions on several continents, according to geneticist
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This effort is part of the Pew-Templeton Global
Religious Futures project, which analyzes religious change and its impact on societies around the world. The project is jointly and generously funded by The Pew Charitable Trusts and the John Templeton
1440:, although the foundation has awarded both the Templeton Prize and numerous grants to persons of widely varied religious backgrounds, having provided extensive funding of Islamic scholarship, Buddhist research, and Jewish public engagement.
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interacted with water, which is necessary for life but also degrades RNA, and how the introduction of energy to organic materials yielded life rather than turning it into tar. The project is headed by molecular biophysicist and chemist
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was awarded a three-year, $ 2.5 million grant to support the development of a general theory of complexity, constituting "a concise, parsimonious, and potentially mathematizable framework for understanding complex adaptive systems".
1376:. It has also sponsored a major, multi-year, multi-million-dollar effort to integrate science education in North American seminaries, including Mainline Protestant, Evangelical Protestant, and Catholic and Orthodox institutions.
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scientists who "offered a perspective clearly skewed in favor of religion and
Christianity." Horgan fears recipients of large grants from the foundation sometimes write what the foundation wants rather than what they believe.
338:(1979). In the 1980s, John Templeton began considering the intersection of science and religion, and after he appointed two scientists to the judging panel, scientists who worked at the intersection began receiving it;
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and he administered the prize until the foundation was established in 1987, which took it over. The prize has "a value of about $ 1.7 million, making it one of the world’s largest annual awards given to an individual".
3279:"La Fondation Templeton, les formes présentables du créationnisme philosophique : des initiatives "science et religions" pour dissoudre les limites entre le collectif et l'individuel, entre le public et le privé"
1465:, interprets Horgan as saying that "Templeton's money corrupts science", and characterizes the prize as going "usually to a scientist who is prepared to say something nice about religion". Donald Wiebe, a scholar of
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magazine blog, Mooney wrote, "I can honestly say that I have found the lectures and presentations that we've heard here to be serious and stimulating. The same goes for the discussions that have followed them".
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In March 2019, the foundation provided the bulk of a group of grants adding up to over $ 7 million to enable the
Institute for Interdisciplinary Brain and Behavioral Science (The Brain Institute) at
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litigation in the mid-2000s, a charge which the foundation denied. The foundation "explicitly warns intelligent-design researchers not to bother submitting proposals: they will not be considered."
1548:
described the foundation as having "drawn criticism for its early support of intelligent design", but by the 2010s, Charles L. Harper Jr., a former senior vice president of the foundation, told
1028:
In 2016, the foundation awarded $ 5.4 million to the Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution (FfAME) to study the origin of life on Earth, particularly investigating questions of how early
1575:. The foundation also gave money directly to the Discovery Institute which in turn passed it through to Baylor University, which used the funds to support Dembski's salary at its short-lived
203:, served as its president from its founding until his death in 2015, at which point Templeton Jr.'s daughter, Heather Templeton Dill, became president. The foundation administers the annual
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are administered by the Atlas Economic Research Foundation, a group that opposes taking action on climate change and defends the tobacco industry, which also gives the foundation funding.
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The John Templeton Foundation granted over two million dollars in 2019, and then 4.5 million dollars in 2022 to QISS. The QISS consortium brings together specialists from
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1477:. According to him, the foundation supports Christian bias in the field of religious studies, by deliberately imposing constraints to steer the results of the research.
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magazine has noted that "the scientists who apply to the foundation for support, though, are not required to state their religious beliefs, or to have any". In 2006,
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that the foundation had become one of the "principal critics" of the intelligent design movement and funded projects that challenged that movement. Harper Jr. told
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1583:, associate director of the center, after the center was dissolved. Some media outlets described the foundation as a supporter of intelligent design during the
412:
As of 2015, the foundation awarded nearly a billion dollars in grants and charitable contributions and was the 55th largest grantor among American foundations.
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1556:: "From the point of view of rigor and intellectual seriousness, the intelligent design people don't come out very well in our world of scientific review".
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groups". Bains feels that grants from the foundation "blur the line between science and religion". Bains' claims have been disputed by Josh Rosenau of the
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Numbers, Ronald L., ed. Galileo goes to jail and other myths about science and religion. No. 74. Harvard University Press, 2009, Acknowledgements.
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supports the study of "what factors led human ancestors to develop skills like making tools, developing language, and seeking out information".
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Several grants specifically supported inquiry into various aspects of human evolution. A 2014 grant of $ 4.9 million supports an effort at
2663:"Hawking at Harvard – At packed Sanders Theatre, theoretical physicist and cosmologist tackles the contradictory qualities of black holes"
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The foundation has provided grants in support of dialogue with scientists in synagogues, and a grant for advancing scientific literacy in
3994:
3011:
4143:
3251:"Baylor University Receives $ 2.6 Million Grant from the John Templeton Foundation for Character Strength Interventions in Adolescents"
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1404:(CNRS) has been critical of the foundation for funding "initiatives to bring science and religion closer together." Science journalist
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causes. He always maintained that he tried to run the foundation according to his father's wishes instead of his own. He died in 2015.
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1356:, and co-director the University's Initiative on Health, Religion and Spirituality. His research has focused on the application of
1101:, and co-director the University's Initiative on Health, Religion and Spirituality. His research has focused on the application of
254:
was president of the foundation from its inception in 1987 and worked as a pediatric surgeon; he was chief of pediatric surgery at
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2039:"$ 1 million for their own two cents Bryn Mawr couple are largest individual donors in efforts to ban gay marriage in California"
1979:
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2019:
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in 1995, when he stopped practicing medicine to join the foundation. He took over as chairman when his father died. He was an
1531:
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1483:, physicist and 1995 Templeton Prize laureate, gave a defense of the foundation's role in the scientific community in the
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The Templeton Foundation Distorts the Fundamental Nature of Reality: Why I Won't Take Money from the Templeton Foundation
3357:
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to "galvanize widespread scientific development of virtue interventions for adolescents across a diversity of contexts".
2894:"The Global Religious Landscape: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Major Religious Groups as of 2010"
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4123:
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1646:, and called John Templeton Jr. a "sugar daddy" for such thinkers. The foundation also has a history of supporting the
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said the foundation had given a significant amount of financial support to groups, causes and individuals considered
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The Pew Research Center, an American fact tank or research organization, has been "jointly and generously funded" by
1178:
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1604:
stated that the Templeton Prize is "explicitly critical of such pseudoscientific gibberish as intelligent design".
1513:
evolutionary biologist, sees a fundamental impossibility in attempting to reconcile faith with science. Coyne told
1436:
Critics have asserted that the foundation has supported Christian-oriented research in the field of the scientific
1220:
and the foundation for its studies focusing on demographics of religions in the world, part of the series entitled
919:
3845:
1037:. The foundation also awarded an $ 8 million grant to a program examining a theory in evolutionary biology called
1004:
561:
Character Strength Interventions in Adolescents: Engaging Scholars and Practitioners to Promote Virtue Development
248:
which he started in 1972 and then through the foundation, which he founded in 1987 and ran until he died in 2008.
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1182:
1038:
65:
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186:, intelligence, and creativity in people, and to promote free markets. In 2008, the foundation was awarded the
1522:
that they have never felt pressured by Templeton to spin their research toward religion-friendly conclusions.
1432:, physicist and 1995 Templeton Prize laureate, has defended the foundation's role in the scientific community.
4133:
3700:
1829:"John Templeton Jr., president of multi-billion dollar foundation invested in science and religion, has died"
199:
Templeton founded the organization in 1987 and headed it as chairman until he died in 2008. Templeton's son,
2968:
2814:
2441:"Professor launches project to advance scientific and theological literacy among madrasa graduates in India"
1689:
drew attention to the foundation's former president John M. Templeton Jr. funding of the conservative group
3052:
1662:
4070:
3631:
3609:
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3685:
3344:
2459:"Imparting Basic Scientific Literacy in Madrasas Is Critical, Islamic Society, Aysha Khan, New Age Islam"
1248:, has been granted more than $ 9.5 million to support his projects, The center has published research on
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The early prizes were given solely to people who had made great achievements in the field of religion;
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2252:
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1923:
4089:"Yale University Press and Templeton Press Present A New Series: Foundational Questions in Science"
1998:
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327:
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1408:, an atheist, received a 2010 Templeton-Cambridge Journalism Fellowship. In a 2010 article on his
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are scholars to whom the foundation has provided funds to "report the positive relations" between
3130:
2196:
1655:
1612:
A number of journalists have highlighted connections with conservative causes. A 1997 article in
1138:
1021:
3883:"Spirit of Inquiry: The award of a religion prize to the Astronomer Royal is apt and deserved",
2929:"Purdue sociologist receives $ 3.5 million grant to study religion in China - Purdue University"
1980:"John Templeton Foundation, Full text of "Form 990PF" for fiscal year ending Dec. 2016; Line 25"
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has referred to Yang as "a pioneer in the study of the sociology of religion in China", and the
3536:
3142:
2061:
1737:
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1113:
402:
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2984:"The Anthropological Study of Religion in China: Contexts, Collaborations, Debates and Trends"
3864:"Vatican-backed Rome conference on evolution snubs intelligent-design and creationist groups"
3770:
1741:
1709:
1623:
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In March 2009, the Discovery Institute accused the foundation of blocking its involvement in
1510:
1470:
1448:, a 2005 Templeton-Cambridge fellow then working as a freelance science journalist, wrote in
1166:
1112:
In June 2019, the foundation awarded one of its largest grants to the Blavatnik Institute at
936:
911:
882:
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2690:"John Templeton Foundation grants SFI $ 2.5 million to pursue general theory of complexity"
1894:
1639:
1192:
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371:
175:
8:
3006:"Fenggang Yang, Religion in China. Survival & Revival under Communist Rule" (review)"
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192:
178:, and wanted to support progress in religious and spiritual knowledge, especially at the
133:
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2738:"Brain Institute Receives Over $ 7 Million for Research on Neurophilosophy of Free Will"
2097:
1898:
1793:
3168:
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2584:
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2119:"John Templeton Foundation: Full text of "Form 990PF" for fiscal year ending Dec. 2016"
1690:
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1568:
1564:
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1082:
1071:
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992:
940:
886:
394:
251:
200:
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3187:"Time Magazine's cover story in the special issue on "The Science of Happiness", 2005"
2355:"Black Hole Initiative Receives $ 7.2 Million in Funding - News - The Harvard Crimson"
1165:, lead researcher on the project. The study was also funded by the governments of the
269:
Heather Templeton Dill, the daughter of John Templeton Jr., became president in 2015.
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Some organizations funded by the foundation in the 1990s gave book-writing grants to
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to examine "how the human brain enables conscious control of decisions and actions".
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was the first, in 1987. More recent winners of the Templeton Prize have included the
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1937:
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supports the study of what factors led human ancestors to things such as toolmaking.
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1983:
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think-tank, as well as projects at major research centers and universities such as
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took note of the ongoing controversy among scientists over working with Templeton.
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1301:
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224:
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Exploring the Informational Transitions Bridging Simple Chemistry and Minimal Life
335:
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2789:
2373:"Sponsors and Partners – World Science Festival – June 1–5, 2016 – New York City"
1733:
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A grant from the foundation supports a study of religion and health conducted by
1297:
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A grant from the foundation supports a study of religion and health conducted by
1056:
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899:
449:
Character Lab Research Network: Revolutionizing Research on Character Development
382:
351:
307:
287:
245:
204:
183:
26:
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377:
Some research programs supported by the foundation included the development of
3401:
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831:
Templeton–Cambridge Journalism Fellowships and Seminars in Science and Religion
315:
216:
171:
55:
4034:"In Character, A Journal of Everyday Virtues by the John Templeton Foundation"
3038:"Q. and A.: Yang Fenggang on the 'Oxford Consensus' and Public Trust in China"
2868:
2480:"Advancing Scientific and Theological Literacy in Madrasa Discourses in India"
1677:
intended to encourage technological development that could benefit humanity".
839:
Accelerating Progress at the Interface of Positive Psychology and Neuroscience
4117:
3923:"How a conservative US network undermined Indigenous energy rights in Canada"
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3156:
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received the inaugural award in 1973, with other early winners including Sir
323:
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2636:"The Black Hole Initiative: Towards A Center For Interdisciplinary Research"
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on an information theoretical basis, bring within reach empirical access to
889:
received a Templeton Foundation grant of over seven million dollars in 2016.
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3164:
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1673:, which is described as "a nonprofit organization that designs and manages
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anthropologists and archaeologists for 200 years - whether the bulk of the
1094:
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955:, and is said to be the first center in the world to focus on the study of
602:
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1940:(Press release). National Endowment for the Humanities. November 17, 2008.
1736:
published a piece on the state of "design theory" in the aftermath of the
1400:
The foundation has received both praise and criticism for its awards. The
1321:
In 2019, the foundation awarded $ 2.6 million grant to Sarah Schnitker of
2422:
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listed the foundation as among the largest financial contributors to the
1619:
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published a lengthy investigative article about the foundation, entitled
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1429:
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1117:
956:
355:
228:
3076:. Internet Archive. New York : St. Martin's Press. pp. 60–63.
1962:"Templeton Remains the Oddest—or Most Interesting—Big Foundation Around"
1292:. One field in which the foundation has been particularly supportive is
303:
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has deemed him a "leading scholar on Chinese church-society relation".
952:
343:
3846:"Final In Series Of Science And Faith Lectures To Be Held April 22–23"
2547:"The Quantum Information Structure Of Spacetime (QISS), Phase 2 Grant"
2519:"The Quantum Information Structure Of Spacetime (QISS), Phase 1 grant"
2284:"Jewish physicist becomes first Latin American to win Templeton Prize"
2269:"King of Jordan wins Templeton Prize for fostering Muslim cooperation"
1744:, producing books on character and Foundational Questions in Science.
742:
Advancing the Science of Imagination: Toward an "Imagination Quotient"
3885:
3219:
Happier : learn the secrets to daily joy and lasting fulfillment
2322:"Penn's Positive Psychology Center Awards $ 2.9 Million for Research"
2248:"Dalai Lama wins Templeton Prize as more than 'simple Buddhist monk'"
1721:
1600:
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is funded by the foundation. The current director of the center, the
979:. The BHI Inauguration was held on 18 April 2016 and was attended by
944:
915:
1907:
1882:
1724:, Templeton Press, which from 2004 to 2010 published the periodical
893:
863:
Promoting a Culture of Generosity, Part II: The Philanthropy Channel
182:. He also sought to fund research on methods to promote and develop
2299:"Naturalist Jane Goodall wins 2021 Templeton prize for life's work"
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964:
220:
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In 2016, the foundation granted over seven million dollars to the
292:
196:
called it "the oddest—or most interesting—big foundation around."
3328:"Some philosophy scholars raise concerns about Templeton funding"
1473:, similarly criticized the foundation in a 2009 article entitled
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1237:
948:
525:
Arizona State University Foundation for a New American University
406:
4019:
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3005:
2401:"The Age Gap in Religion Around the World - Pew Research Center"
1386:
Galileo Goes to Jail and Other Myths about Science and Religion,
2579:
1425:
219:(29 November 1912 – 8 July 2008) was an American-born British
3701:"Testing the role of trust and values in financial decisions"
3682:"How bad is the Templeton Foundation? – Thoughts from Kansas"
1999:"Sir John M. Templeton, Philanthropist, Rockstar, Dies at 95"
1272:
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to explore how we became human, and a $ 3.2 million grant to
533:
Spiritual Exemplars: A Global Project on Engaged Spirituality
244:
These were the values he sought to promote first through the
4071:"Intelligent Design Movement Struggles with Identity Crisis"
3385:"Questioning the Integrity of the John Templeton Foundation"
1352:
in the Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at the
1097:
in the Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at the
3802:
Creationism's Trojan Horse: The Wedge of Intelligent Design
2080:"People in the News (8/02/15): Appointments and Promotions"
1020:
A 2019 grant supports the study of the distribution of the
959:. Notable principal participants include Sheperd Doeleman,
2419:"Why These Jewish Scientists Will Be Marching On Saturday"
2337:"Templeton Awards $ 7.2 Million for Black Hole Initiative"
823:
The Purpose Prize for Social Innovators Over the Age of 60
4075:
Research News & Opportunities in Science and Theology
4048:
Research news & opportunities in science and theology
4033:
4020:"Going beyond books to explore our place in the universe"
3464:"Religious Biases in Funding Religious Studies Research?"
3073:
Blind faith: the unholy alliance of religion and medicine
2819:
2609:"Black Hole Initiative Receives $ 7.2 Million in Funding"
1730:
Research news & opportunities in science and theology
1227:
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to epidemiology, as well as on the relationship between
1105:
to epidemiology, as well as on the relationship between
815:
Establishing an Institute for Research on Unlimited Love
4106:
2377:
World Science Festival – June 1–5, 2016 – New York City
2020:"John M. Templeton Jr., Who Led Foundation, Dies at 75"
1938:"President Bush Awards 2008 National Humanities Medals"
1475:
Religious Biases in Funding Religious Studies Research?
986:
855:
Promoting a Culture of Generosity, Part I: Feature Film
599:
Putting the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis to the Test
147:
3436:"Martin Rees and the Templeton travesty | Jerry Coyne"
2954:"Did You Know: Center on Religion and Chinese Society"
1786:
983:; related workshop events were held on 19 April 2016.
2841:"Looking Back to the Future | Harvard Medical School"
2172:"Philosopher wins ÂŁ800,000 award for spiritual focus"
807:
The SEVEN Fund: Enterprise Based Solutions to Poverty
370:
freedom, free enterprise, and fields associated with
170:
organization that reflects the ideas of its founder,
2197:"Lubich, Chiara – Italian Roman Catholic lay leader"
3995:"Meet the Money Behind the Climate Denial Movement"
1740:affair. Templeton Press has a partnership with the
1041:. This project is headed by evolutionary biologist
441:
American Association for the Advancement of Science
350:in 2018, Brazilian Jewish physicist and astronomer
278:foundation disbursed over $ 151,000,000 in grants.
4149:Religious organizations based in the United States
3102:"What Is Positive Psychology, and What Is It Not?"
2863:
2861:
1232:The Center on Religion and Chinese Society of the
3655:"Keeping an eye on the John Templeton Foundation"
2951:
2899:. Pew Research Center. December 2012. p. 7.
894:QISS (Quantum Information Structure of Spacetime)
674:: Towards a Center for Interdisciplinary Research
235:. According to a 2011 profile of the foundation:
4115:
3772:Being as Communion: A Metaphysics of Information
3133:(2000). "Positive Psychology: An Introduction".
2915:"Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project"
2225:. Templeton Foundation Press. pp. 170–172.
999:
505:Epigenetic Diagnostics for Preventative Medicine
3752:"Intelligent Design Might Be Meeting Its Maker"
3276:
2858:
799:Foundational Questions in Physics and Cosmology
299:received the inaugural Templeton Prize in 1973.
3530:
3528:
3283:French National Center for Scientific Research
3255:Media and Public Relations - Baylor University
2749:
2747:
2495:
2493:
1402:French National Center for Scientific Research
1317:Scientific development of virtue interventions
847:AAAS Dialogue on Science, Ethics, and Religion
791:Foundational Questions in Evolutionary Biology
577:The ten largest grants from 2012 through 2017
227:, and philanthropist. In 1954, he entered the
2785:"You Asked: Do Religious People Live Longer?"
2324:. University of Pennsylvania. August 4, 2010.
1876:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1384:The foundation provided funding for the book
1280:, Dale Mathews, David Larson, Jeffrey Levin,
1008:A grant of over three million dollars to the
3798:
3595:
3593:
3537:"The Templeton Foundation: A Skeptic's Take"
3519:"The Templeton Foundation: A Skeptic's Take"
3090:
3004:Goossaert, Vincent (October–December 2012).
2991:Asia Research Institute Working Paper Series
2815:"Going to church could help you live longer"
2654:
2580:"Black Hole Initiative – Harvard University"
2395:
2393:
2223:The Humble Approach: Scientists Discover God
2036:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1844:
415:The top ten largest grants as of 2018 were:
3819:
3547:
3525:
3012:Archives de sciences sociales des religions
2952:Patterson Neubert, Amy (10 December 2015).
2778:
2776:
2744:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2490:
1726:In Character: A Journal of Everyday Virtues
1518:California—Santa Cruz astrophysicist, told
491:Small-Scale Fundamental Physics Block Grant
3946:
3745:
3743:
3358:The Templeton Foundation: A Skeptic's Take
2474:
2472:
2030:
1273:Positive psychology, religion and medicine
3799:Forrest, Barbara; Gross, Paul R. (2007).
3794:
3792:
3749:
3599:
3590:
3410:
3400:
3298:"Science and Religion on the Cam, Part I"
3146:
3020:
3003:
2975:
2869:"Treasure Trove | Harvard Medical School"
2808:
2806:
2760:Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
2606:
2434:
2432:
2390:
2266:
2220:
2137:
2014:
2012:
1906:
1881:Waldrop, M. Mitchell (17 February 2011).
1841:
1758:
1756:
1388:which was edited by historian of science
1354:Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
1099:Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
708:Intellectual Humility in Public Discourse
3920:
3914:
3850:Media Communications | Baylor University
3457:
3455:
3096:
2782:
2773:
2628:
2600:
2567:
2412:
2410:
2316:
2314:
2296:
1996:
1959:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1720:The foundation also funds an affiliated
1696:
1595:Biological Evolution: Facts and Theories
1586:Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District
1424:
1145:over an enormous geographical area from
1015:
1003:
930:
876:
759:New Frontiers in Astronomy and Cosmology
302:
291:
3992:
3768:
3740:
3698:
3679:
3553:
3050:
3035:
2969:"Event Transcript: Global Christianity"
2469:
2452:
2450:
2245:
2098:"John Templeton Foundation: Our Impact"
2024:Associated Press via the New York Times
1880:
939:(BHI), an interdisciplinary program at
636:Landmark Spirituality and Health Survey
314:The Templeton Prize was established by
4129:Foundations based in the United States
4116:
4068:
3789:
3750:Goodstein, Laurie (December 4, 2005).
3534:
3295:
2812:
2803:
2710:
2660:
2438:
2429:
2281:
2214:
2059:
2009:
1990:
1827:Bailey, Sarah Pulliam (May 19, 2015).
1826:
1753:
1305:Positive psychology is concerned with
1228:Center on Religion and Chinese Society
1222:Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures
1205:
3898:
3825:
3652:
3461:
3452:
3433:
3382:
3069:
3053:"China's Banned Churches Defy Regime"
2981:
2966:
2735:
2713:"Scientists Seek to Update Evolution"
2416:
2407:
2311:
2169:
1944:
1811:
1537:
1532:National Center for Science Education
547:Reasoning in moral thought and action
4154:National Humanities Medal recipients
3993:Schultz, Colin (December 23, 2013).
3496:
3345:How Bad is the Templeton Foundation?
3270:
3216:
3179:
2456:
2447:
2282:Gilban, Marcus M. (March 20, 2019).
2163:
2037:O'Reilly, David (October 28, 2008).
1579:. The foundation funded projects by
1420:
1367:
987:Complexity at the Santa Fe Institute
745:Martin Seligman, Scott Barry Kaufman
180:intersection of religion and science
3699:Iritani, Evelyn (21 January 2007).
2692:. Santa Fe Institute. 17 March 2015
2682:
2365:
1997:McFadden, Robert D. (9 July 2000).
1487:in March 2005. In 2010, journalist
564:Sarah Schnitker, Benjamin Houltberg
256:Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
16:American philanthropic organization
13:
3947:Ehrenreich, Barbara (2007-10-10).
3826:Gross, Barbara (3 December 2008).
3684:. Scienceblogs.com. Archived from
2607:Grigorian, Alec J. (11 May 2016).
2334:
2267:Herlinger, Chris (June 27, 2018).
1715:
1311:American Psychological Association
1200:
778:The ten largest grants up to 2011
469:Atlas Economic Research Foundation
14:
4170:
4144:Organizations established in 1987
4098:
3600:Schneider, Nathan (3 June 2010).
3471:Religio: Revue Pro Religionistiku
2297:Sherwood, Harriet (20 May 2021).
1728:. From 2000 to 2003 it published
1485:Times Higher Education Supplement
1451:The Chronicle of Higher Education
1327:University of Southern California
1185:. Results have been published in
539:University of Southern California
3580:"Seeking inspiration in science"
3036:Johnson, Ian (18 October 2013).
2457:Khan, Aysha (December 3, 2018).
2417:Rubin, Bonnie (April 19, 2017).
1960:Williams, Tate (April 5, 2016).
1922:
1712:movement between 2003 and 2010.
435:Science for Seminaries: Phase II
310:won the Templeton Prize in 2019.
174:. Templeton became wealthy as a
25:
4081:
4062:
4040:
4026:
4012:
3986:
3973:"The Right's Academic Universe"
3965:
3940:
3921:Dembicki, Jeff (18 July 2022).
3892:
3877:
3856:
3838:
3762:
3711:
3692:
3673:
3646:
3624:
3602:"God, Science and Philanthropy"
3572:
3558:. UK: Black Swan. p. 183.
3511:
3490:
3427:
3376:
3363:
3350:
3337:
3320:
3289:
3261:
3243:
3210:
3119:
3063:
3051:Spegele, Brian (28 July 2011).
3044:
3029:
2997:
2967:Stern, Amy (19 December 2011).
2960:
2945:
2921:
2907:
2886:
2833:
2736:Ezell, Pamela (March 5, 2019).
2729:
2704:
2661:Reuell, Peter (18 April 2016).
2539:
2511:
2439:Fallon, Joan (April 25, 2016).
2347:
2328:
2290:
2275:
2260:
2246:Scherer, Ron (March 29, 2012).
2239:
2189:
2111:
2090:
2072:
2062:"Jack Templeton dies at age 75"
2053:
1667:Instituto Libertad Y Democracia
1607:
1039:extended evolutionary synthesis
480:Thor Halvorssen, Alex Gladstein
66:West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania
4069:Gordon, Bruce (January 2001).
3680:Rosenau, Josh (5 March 2011).
2783:Ducharme, Jamie (2018-02-15).
2341:Philanthropy News Digest (PND)
2221:Templeton, John (1998-05-10).
2170:Akbar, Arifa (15 March 2007).
2060:Olasky, Marvin (19 May 2015).
1972:
1930:
1325:and Benjamin Houltberg of the
677:Sheperd Doeleman, Abraham Loeb
477:Freedom Forum Global Expansion
452:Angela Duckworth, Sean Talamas
1:
3653:Bains, Sunny (6 April 2011).
3296:Mooney, Chris (7 June 2010).
2813:Storrs, Carina (2016-05-16).
1747:
1493:God, Science and Philanthropy
1267:
1000:Biology and human development
920:quantum gravity phenomenology
463:Doing Development Differently
211:
3769:Dembski, William A. (2016).
3521:. John Horgan. 7 April 2006.
2286:. Jewish Telegraphic Agency.
1883:"Religion: Faith in science"
1395:
943:that includes the fields of
272:
7:
3949:"John Templeton's Universe"
3899:Plotz, David (1997-06-08).
3866:. cleveland.com. 2009-03-05
3805:. Oxford University Press.
3535:Horgan, John (4 May 2006).
3497:Wolf, Gary (June 1, 1999).
3434:Coyne, Jerry (2011-04-06).
2711:Zimmer, Carl (2016-11-22).
2145:"Obituary – John Templeton"
1794:"John Templeton Foundation"
1764:"John Templeton Foundation"
711:Michael Lynch, Brendan Kane
567:Fuller Theological Seminary
511:Washington State University
39:; 37 years ago
10:
4175:
3901:"God's Venture Capitalist"
3499:"Sir John's Divine Gamble"
3402:10.1177/147470491100900111
3070:Sloan, Richard P. (2006).
3010:Bulletin Bibliographique,
1379:
1209:
914:to the physics of quantum
872:
550:Liane Young, Fiery Cushman
536:Donald Miller, Megan Sweas
348:King Abdullah II of Jordan
285:
4124:John Templeton Foundation
3554:Dawkins, Richard (2006).
3221:. New York: McGraw-Hill.
3217:Tal., Ben-Shahar (2007).
2640:John Templeton Foundation
2552:John Tempelton Foundation
2524:John Tempelton Foundation
2505:John Templeton Foundation
2484:John Templeton Foundation
2253:Christian Science Monitor
1527:University College London
1218:The Pew Charitable Trusts
927:are the project leaders.
765:The University of Chicago
714:University of Connecticut
522:Sarah Walker, Paul Davies
364:
281:
188:National Humanities Medal
160:John Templeton Foundation
142:
132:
121:
108:
98:
88:
71:
61:
51:
33:
24:
20:John Templeton Foundation
3157:10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.5
3131:Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly
3059:– via www.wsj.com.
2271:. Religion News Service.
2084:Philanthropy News Digest
1050:Arizona State University
731:University of Birmingham
659:University of Birmingham
625:University of Birmingham
608:University of St Andrews
438:Jennifer Wiseman, Se Kim
328:Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
3389:Evolutionary Psychology
2982:Liang, Yongjia (2016).
2201:Encyclopædia Britannica
1656:The Heritage Foundation
1153:, becoming the largest
1022:Indo-European languages
553:Boston College Trustees
497:Northwestern University
483:Human Rights Foundation
3584:Times Higher Education
3462:Wiebe, Donald (2009).
3127:Seligman, Martin E. P.
2971:. Pew Research Center.
2917:. Pew Research Center.
1738:Michael Polanyi Center
1577:Michael Polanyi Center
1542:A 2007 article in the
1433:
1114:Harvard Medical School
1025:
1013:
890:
725:Transformative Britain
697:Nautilus Ventures, LLC
642:University of Michigan
466:Matt Warner, Brad Lips
403:World Science Festival
311:
300:
262:and supported various
242:
104:Heather Templeton Dill
4159:Religion and medicine
3640:Why Evolution Is True
3383:Bains, Sunny (2011).
3277:Guillaume Lecointre.
3135:American Psychologist
3098:Peterson, Christopher
2740:. Chapman University.
2049:on December 16, 2013.
2043:Philadelphia Inquirer
1742:Yale University Press
1710:climate change denial
1697:Climate change denial
1680:In a 2007 article in
1626:, including gifts to
1571:who later joined the
1511:University of Chicago
1471:University of Toronto
1428:
1340:. VanderWeele is the
1290:religion and medicine
1123:European civilization
1085:. VanderWeele is the
1019:
1007:
937:Black Hole Initiative
931:Black Hole Initiative
912:Philosophy of Science
883:Black Hole Initiative
880:
748:Imagination Institute
672:Black Hole Initiative
391:Black Hole Initiative
306:
295:
264:American conservative
260:evangelical Christian
237:
233:Templeton Growth Fund
4134:Religion and science
3729:on November 25, 2005
3719:"Bloomberg Business"
2956:. Purdue University.
2335:Center, Foundation.
1640:Julian Lincoln Simon
1175:Max Planck Institute
399:Gen2Gen Encore Prize
372:classical liberalism
164:Templeton Foundation
4091:. January 27, 2015.
3828:"The Wedge at Work"
3661:on 18 November 2018
3612:on 11 February 2019
3057:Wall Street Journal
2755:"Tyler VanderWeele"
2614:The Harvard Crimson
2463:www.newageislam.com
1966:Inside Philanthropy
1899:2011Natur.470..323W
1834:The Washington Post
1675:public competitions
1628:Gertrude Himmelfarb
1573:Discovery Institute
1459:, in his 2006 book
1362:religion and health
1346:Frances Lehman Loeb
1294:positive psychology
1261:Wall Street Journal
1212:Pew Research Center
1206:Pew Research Center
1107:religion and health
1091:Frances Lehman Loeb
1065:Stone Age Institute
1054:paleoanthropologist
1010:Stone Age Institute
904:quantum information
779:
578:
379:positive psychology
193:Inside Philanthropy
176:contrarian investor
78:Scientific research
21:
4050:. WorldCat. 2000.
4036:. Incharacter.org.
4022:. Templeton Press.
3642:. 6 February 2011.
3257:. 23 January 2019.
3022:10.4000/assr.24770
2875:. 5 September 2019
2668:Harvard University
2585:Harvard University
2443:. Notre Dame News.
2359:www.thecrimson.com
2003:The New York Times
1687:Barbara Ehrenreich
1671:X Prize Foundation
1636:Walter E. Williams
1569:intelligent design
1561:Guillermo Gonzalez
1554:The New York Times
1538:Intelligent design
1438:study of religions
1434:
1338:Harvard University
1296:, as developed by
1286:Michael McCullough
1244:Christian scholar
1083:Harvard University
1072:Chapman University
1061:Indiana University
1026:
1014:
993:Santa Fe Institute
941:Harvard University
891:
887:Harvard University
777:
680:Harvard University
576:
395:Harvard University
312:
301:
252:John Templeton Jr.
229:mutual fund market
201:John Templeton Jr.
90:Official language
19:
4139:Religious studies
3705:Los Angeles Times
3326:Libby A. Nelson.
1986:November 1, 2017.
1893:(7334): 323–325.
1702:Drexel University
1545:Los Angeles Times
1467:religious studies
1421:Religious funding
1368:Science education
1334:Tyler VanderWeele
1323:Baylor University
1250:religion in China
1234:Purdue University
1125:had arrived from
1079:Tyler VanderWeele
973:Andrew Strominger
908:quantum mechanics
906:, foundations of
870:
869:
775:
774:
619:Gratitude Britain
574:
573:
455:The Character Lab
156:
155:
81:Religious studies
4166:
4110:
4109:
4107:Official website
4093:
4092:
4085:
4079:
4078:
4066:
4060:
4059:
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4037:
4030:
4024:
4023:
4016:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4005:
3990:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3979:
3969:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3944:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3908:
3896:
3890:
3889:(April 6, 2011).
3881:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3860:
3854:
3853:
3852:. 19 April 2004.
3842:
3836:
3835:
3823:
3817:
3816:
3796:
3787:
3786:
3766:
3760:
3759:
3747:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3734:
3725:. Archived from
3723:Businessweek.com
3715:
3709:
3708:
3696:
3690:
3689:
3677:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3666:
3657:. Archived from
3650:
3644:
3643:
3628:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3617:
3608:. Archived from
3597:
3588:
3587:
3586:. 11 March 2005.
3576:
3570:
3569:
3556:The God Delusion
3551:
3545:
3544:
3532:
3523:
3522:
3515:
3509:
3508:
3494:
3488:
3486:
3468:
3459:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3446:
3431:
3425:
3424:
3414:
3404:
3380:
3374:
3367:
3361:
3354:
3348:
3347:. Science Blogs.
3341:
3335:
3332:Inside Higher ED
3324:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3304:. Archived from
3293:
3287:
3286:
3274:
3268:
3265:
3259:
3258:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3198:
3192:. Archived from
3191:
3183:
3177:
3176:
3150:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3106:Psychology Today
3094:
3088:
3087:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
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2800:
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2780:
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2768:
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2649:
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2626:
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2598:
2597:
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2565:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2501:"Grant Database"
2497:
2488:
2487:
2476:
2467:
2466:
2454:
2445:
2444:
2436:
2427:
2426:
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2108:
2106:
2104:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2086:. 2 August 2015.
2076:
2070:
2069:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2045:. Archived from
2034:
2028:
2027:
2016:
2007:
2006:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1984:Pro Publica Inc.
1976:
1970:
1969:
1957:
1942:
1941:
1934:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1920:
1910:
1878:
1839:
1838:
1824:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1774:on 8 August 2020
1770:. Archived from
1760:
1663:Hernando de Soto
1567:, proponents of
1489:Nathan Schneider
1462:The God Delusion
1358:causal inference
1302:Angela Duckworth
1278:Harold G. Koenig
1242:Chinese American
1103:causal inference
1035:Steven A. Benner
780:
776:
579:
575:
494:Gerald Gabrielse
418:
417:
389:and others; the
387:Angela Duckworth
231:and created the
152:
149:
125:
113:
47:
45:
40:
29:
22:
18:
4174:
4173:
4169:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4164:
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4113:
4105:
4104:
4101:
4096:
4087:
4086:
4082:
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3919:
3915:
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3897:
3893:
3882:
3878:
3869:
3867:
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3857:
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3843:
3839:
3824:
3820:
3813:
3797:
3790:
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3767:
3763:
3748:
3741:
3732:
3730:
3717:
3716:
3712:
3697:
3693:
3678:
3674:
3664:
3662:
3651:
3647:
3630:
3629:
3625:
3615:
3613:
3598:
3591:
3578:
3577:
3573:
3566:
3552:
3548:
3533:
3526:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3495:
3491:
3466:
3460:
3453:
3444:
3442:
3432:
3428:
3381:
3377:
3368:
3364:
3355:
3351:
3342:
3338:
3325:
3321:
3311:
3309:
3308:on 10 July 2011
3294:
3290:
3275:
3271:
3266:
3262:
3249:
3248:
3244:
3229:
3215:
3211:
3202:
3200:
3196:
3189:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3148:10.1.1.183.6660
3124:
3120:
3110:
3108:
3100:(16 May 2008).
3095:
3091:
3084:
3068:
3064:
3049:
3045:
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3002:
2998:
2986:
2980:
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2965:
2961:
2950:
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2926:
2922:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2896:
2892:
2891:
2887:
2878:
2876:
2873:hms.harvard.edu
2867:
2866:
2859:
2850:
2848:
2845:hms.harvard.edu
2839:
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2781:
2774:
2765:
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2753:
2752:
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2734:
2730:
2721:
2719:
2717:Quanta Magazine
2709:
2705:
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2683:
2673:
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2659:
2655:
2645:
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2601:
2591:
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2578:
2577:
2568:
2558:
2556:
2545:
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2528:
2517:
2516:
2512:
2499:
2498:
2491:
2478:
2477:
2470:
2455:
2448:
2437:
2430:
2415:
2408:
2403:. 13 June 2018.
2399:
2398:
2391:
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2379:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2333:
2329:
2320:
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2312:
2295:
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2280:
2276:
2265:
2261:
2244:
2240:
2233:
2219:
2215:
2205:
2203:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2180:
2178:
2176:The Independent
2168:
2164:
2154:
2152:
2151:. July 17, 2008
2143:
2142:
2138:
2128:
2126:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2078:
2077:
2073:
2058:
2054:
2035:
2031:
2026:. May 19, 2015.
2018:
2017:
2010:
1995:
1991:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1958:
1945:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1921:
1908:10.1038/470323a
1879:
1842:
1825:
1812:
1802:
1800:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1777:
1775:
1762:
1761:
1754:
1750:
1734:Bruce L. Gordon
1718:
1716:Templeton Press
1699:
1691:Freedom's Watch
1654:think-tank and
1632:Milton Friedman
1610:
1581:Bruce L. Gordon
1565:William Dembski
1540:
1525:Sunny Bains of
1457:Richard Dawkins
1423:
1398:
1382:
1370:
1319:
1298:Martin Seligman
1275:
1270:
1230:
1214:
1208:
1203:
1201:Social sciences
1057:Donald Johanson
1002:
989:
981:Stephen Hawking
933:
900:quantum gravity
896:
875:
653:Service Britain
508:Michael Skinner
383:Martin Seligman
367:
352:Marcelo Gleiser
308:Marcelo Gleiser
290:
288:Templeton Prize
284:
275:
246:Templeton Prize
214:
205:Templeton Prize
184:moral character
146:
128:$ 182.2 million
123:
114:
111:
101:
91:
84:
43:
41:
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4172:
4162:
4161:
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4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4112:
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4100:
4099:External links
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3756:New York Times
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3688:on 2 May 2012.
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3564:
3546:
3524:
3510:
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3477:(2): 125–140.
3451:
3426:
3375:
3369:Sean Carroll.
3362:
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3343:Josh Rosenau.
3336:
3334:: May 21, 2013
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3228:978-0071510967
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2847:. 26 June 2019
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1644:Mary Lefkowitz
1609:
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1422:
1419:
1397:
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1390:Ronald Numbers
1381:
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1369:
1366:
1318:
1315:
1282:Herbert Benson
1274:
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1255:New York Times
1229:
1226:
1210:Main article:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1179:European Union
1131:Pontic Steppes
1001:
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988:
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977:Shing-Tung Yau
969:Ramesh Narayan
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456:
453:
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446:
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432:
431:
428:
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422:
366:
363:
316:John Templeton
286:Main article:
283:
280:
274:
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217:John Templeton
213:
210:
172:John Templeton
154:
153:
144:
140:
139:
136:
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119:
118:
117:$ 30.2 million
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109:
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92:
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79:
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63:
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56:John Templeton
53:
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35:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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4021:
4015:
4000:
3996:
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3928:
3924:
3917:
3902:
3895:
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3887:
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3859:
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3847:
3841:
3833:
3829:
3822:
3814:
3812:9780195319736
3808:
3804:
3803:
3795:
3793:
3784:
3782:9781317175445
3778:
3775:. Routledge.
3774:
3773:
3765:
3757:
3753:
3746:
3744:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3714:
3706:
3702:
3695:
3687:
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3676:
3660:
3656:
3649:
3641:
3637:
3636:on Templeton"
3635:
3627:
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3607:
3603:
3596:
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3567:
3565:9780552773317
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3441:
3437:
3430:
3422:
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3408:
3403:
3398:
3395:(1): 92–115.
3394:
3390:
3386:
3379:
3372:
3366:
3359:
3356:John Horgan.
3353:
3346:
3340:
3333:
3329:
3323:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3292:
3284:
3280:
3273:
3264:
3256:
3252:
3246:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3224:
3220:
3213:
3199:on 2006-07-11
3195:
3188:
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3144:
3140:
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3122:
3107:
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3099:
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3083:9780312348816
3079:
3075:
3074:
3066:
3058:
3054:
3047:
3039:
3032:
3023:
3018:
3014:
3013:
3007:
3000:
2993:(250): 14–15.
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2707:
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2402:
2396:
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2331:
2323:
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2300:
2293:
2285:
2278:
2270:
2263:
2255:
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2249:
2242:
2234:
2232:1-890151-17-3
2228:
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2198:
2192:
2177:
2173:
2166:
2150:
2149:The Economist
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2063:
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2033:
2025:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2004:
2000:
1993:
1985:
1981:
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1967:
1963:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1939:
1933:
1925:
1918:
1914:
1909:
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1849:
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1836:
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1830:
1823:
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1819:
1817:
1815:
1799:
1798:Templeton.org
1795:
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1757:
1752:
1745:
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1707:
1706:Robert Brulle
1703:
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1528:
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1414:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1348:Professor of
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1265:
1263:
1262:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1246:Fenggang Yang
1243:
1239:
1235:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1213:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1158:
1157:group today.
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1139:Indo-European
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1093:Professor of
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1075:
1073:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1031:
1023:
1018:
1011:
1006:
997:
994:
991:In 2015, the
984:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
961:Peter Galison
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
928:
926:
925:Carlo Rovelli
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
888:
884:
879:
865:
862:
861:
857:
854:
853:
849:
846:
845:
841:
838:
837:
833:
830:
829:
825:
822:
821:
817:
814:
813:
809:
806:
805:
801:
798:
797:
794:$ 10,500,000
793:
790:
789:
785:
782:
781:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
757:
753:
750:
747:
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741:
740:
736:
733:
730:
727:
724:
723:
719:
716:
713:
710:
707:
706:
702:
699:
696:
693:
690:
689:
685:
682:
679:
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673:
669:
668:
664:
661:
658:
655:
652:
651:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
634:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
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613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
597:
593:
590:
587:
584:
581:
580:
569:
566:
563:
560:
559:
555:
552:
549:
546:
545:
541:
538:
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532:
531:
527:
524:
521:
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517:
513:
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507:
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479:
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471:
468:
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461:
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448:
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443:
440:
437:
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433:
429:
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408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
375:
373:
362:
360:
357:
356:primatologist
354:in 2019, and
353:
349:
345:
341:
340:Alister Hardy
337:
336:NikkyĹŤ Niwano
333:
332:Chiara Lubich
329:
325:
324:Mother Teresa
320:
317:
309:
305:
298:
297:Mother Teresa
294:
289:
279:
270:
267:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
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241:
236:
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209:
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197:
195:
194:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
168:philanthropic
165:
161:
151:
145:
141:
138:$ 3.9 billion
137:
135:
131:
127:
120:
116:
107:
103:
97:
93:
87:
80:
77:
76:
74:
70:
67:
64:
60:
57:
54:
50:
36:
32:
28:
23:
4083:
4074:
4064:
4047:
4042:
4028:
4014:
4002:. Retrieved
3998:
3988:
3976:. Retrieved
3967:
3956:. Retrieved
3952:
3942:
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728:James Arthur
720:$ 6,054,682
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665:$ 7,940,543
656:James Arthur
648:$ 8,028,154
631:$ 8,514,979
622:James Arthur
614:$ 7,480,634
603:Kevin Laland
588:Institution
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528:$ 2,904,374
514:$ 2,936,242
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3360:. Edge.org.
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2646:18 November
2620:18 November
2592:18 November
2423:The Forward
1732:, in which
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1163:David Reich
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639:Neal Krause
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3733:2015-03-08
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