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finally resolved the dispute over
Langton's election to Canterbury, and part of the settlement was that John gave Ireland and England to Innocent and received them back from the pope, making John a papal vassal. The settlement was sealed with a treaty, to which de Gray was one of the witnesses. After John settled with the papacy, de Gray was not included in the general pardon and had to go to Rome to be pardoned. While in that city the bishop was named as one of the guarantors of a new financial arrangement between the king and the pope dealing with feudal payments from England, which lowered the lump sum that had to be paid before Innocent would lift the interdict. After Innocent pardoned de Gray, the pope recommended his election as
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410:, with Innocent's approval. John did not accept Langton's candidacy, however, and Innocent's consecration of Langton in 1207 led to an eight-year struggle between John and the pope over the rights of the king to secure the election of his choice as archbishop. John refused to allow Langton to enter England and exiled the Canterbury monks. Innocent placed
351:. Although they had provisions and John was moving in support of the troops, in the summer of 1203 the garrison surrendered to Philip, shortly after a siege had begun. When John abandoned Normandy in late 1203, effectively relinquishing control of the duchy to Philip, de Gray was one of his companions on the journey to the port of
390:, as archbishop, and subsequently sent him to Rome to join the delegation. When John discovered that Reginald had been elected without any royal input he forced the monks to elect de Gray as archbishop. Some stories have Reginald's election taking place before the despatch of the first delegation to the
402:, states that the monks elected Reginald before Walter was even buried and that only a few members of the cathedral chapter – the younger ones – participated in the election. Wendover wrote in the 1230s and was not a monk of Canterbury, therefore it is unlikely he has recorded a true account.
601:, a historian and biographer of John, said of de Gray that he was "probably the only man whom John trusted absolutely and without reservation for the whole period of their association". The medievalist Ralph Turner called de Gray "one of John's greatest favourites", and another of John's biographers,
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John led an expedition to
Ireland in 1210 in an effort to bring the Anglo-Norman barons under control. He opened talks with the native Irish kings, and some accounts state that his negotiations were so successful that the native Irish submitted to him. In contrast, the historian Seán Duffy has argued
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gave de Braose shelter on his Irish lands. De Gray demanded that
Marshal surrender de Braose to him as a traitor, but Marshal refused, claiming that since he held some lands from de Braose, it would be an act of treason to surrender his lord to an outside authority. Marshal's refusal does not seem to
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for
Ireland. One possible reason for his appointment was to save him from being accused of ignoring the interdict on England. As a bishop, it was de Gray's ecclesiastical duty to enforce the interdict, but by going to Ireland, which was not under interdict, he could continue to serve the king without
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for John, and spent until 1213 attempting to impose a royal government on the Anglo-Norman barons and the native Irish in that country. Recalled to
England to help defend against a threatened invasion by the French, de Gray then travelled to Rome to secure a papal pardon after the final settlement of
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As bishop, de Gray settled a long-running dispute between the monks of his cathedral chapter and his predecessors as bishop. He also allowed the monks of his cathedral chapter the right to appoint and replace the clergy of the dependent churches of the cathedral. De Gray received a 1203 missive from
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De Gray's ability to raise money made him useful to John. In 1213 de Gray mustered 500 knights during a period when Philip II was threatening to invade
England, bringing this force over from Ireland along with mounted men-at-arms to support the king in England. In May 1213, John and Innocent
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De Gray was postulated or nominated, to
Canterbury on 11 December 1205, which presented Innocent with two candidates for the office. In an effort to reach a compromise, the pope quashed both nominations on about 30 March 1206; Innocent's reason for invalidating de Gray's candidacy was that any
371:. After Hubert Walter's death in July 1205, the selection of a successor was hindered by doubts about what the proper procedure should be, something that commonly happened with elections to Canterbury. John postponed a decision while delegations from the bishops of England and the monks of the
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De Gray built a palace in his diocese and several castles in
Ireland. Although he was reviled by one contemporary writer as an "evil counsellor" to the King, modern historians have been more forgiving; one praised his intelligence and others stated that de Gray was one of the few men King John
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as archbishop against John's wishes, triggering a long dispute between the papacy and the King. The pope imposed various sanctions on
England and John; at one point de Gray was one of only two bishops still legitimately holding office in England. In 1209 he became
483:. Associated with the castle building were two military invasions of Connacht by the royal government – one from Meath and Leinster and the other from Munster. De Gray left Ireland in 1211 to lead a military campaign against the Welsh, leaving his deputy
459:. He also replaced the Irish coinage with English, and attempted unsuccessfully to make English laws applicable in Ireland. De Gray's term of office in Ireland coincided with a time of change in Irish governmental practices.
274:. Shortly after John became king, de Gray began travelling between England and the continent on royal business, and for the first two years of John's reign was active in the royal chancery, sealing royal charters.
426:, were the only living English bishops not in exile. But it was not until 1213, when Innocent began to support John's deposition, that the king became concerned and reached a settlement with the papacy.
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went to Rome to seek guidance from the pope. The bishops of the province of
Canterbury claimed the right to a say in who was elected, as whoever was chosen would be their superior, but according to
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398:, has the king telling the chapter they could choose their own nominee after six months, while the king secretly sent envoys to Rome to secure de Gray's election. A further story, from
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As well as encouraging his nephew's career, de Gray took into his household two of Hubert Walter's household clerks: David, and Robert of Ruddeby. Another clerk employed by de Gray,
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It appears that de Gray left England after July 1208, as he was a witness to royal charters constantly from January through July 1208, when he disappears from royal documents.
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John in 1209, in a dispute that led to the exile of many of the English clergy and John's imposition of heavy financial demands on the church in England; by 1209 de Gray and
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that the native Irish nobility were just as resistant to John as the Anglo-Norman barons. After John's return to England he ordered de Gray to build three new castles in
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243:. The elder de Gray was instrumental in securing the selection of his nephew as Lord Chancellor, as he was a surety for Walter's payment of a fine of 5000
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300:, at the conclusion of a provincial church council held by Archbishop Walter, which de Gray had been attending. Walter performed the ceremony in a chapel of
611:, a medieval writer, called him an "evil counsellor", and blamed many of the difficulties of John's later reign on de Gray's failed election to Canterbury.
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the monks of the cathedral chapter had the right to elect the new archbishop. The king also had a say in the election, as the archbishop was a major
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A fine is a payment made to a lord or other person, usually either as a regular payment, such as for a lease, or for the ability to take office.
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Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: Volume 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces): Worcester: Archdeacons of Gloucester
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182:, lending the King money and undertaking diplomatic missions on his behalf. In 1205 King John attempted to further reward de Gray with a
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Besides these castles and the earlier ones, in 1213, five more castles were either refurbished or built on de Gray's orders – at
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be surrendered to him together with all of John's lands on the continent, none of which John was prepared to concede. Philip invaded
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provoking the papacy. De Gray's chief policy in Ireland was to extend English rule, to which end he was involved in battles on the
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on England in 1208, which John countered by confiscating the income and estates of any clergy who enforced it. Innocent went on to
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for the repayment of a loan; he also served as a royal justice. In 1203 de Gray accompanied Archbishop Hubert Walter and several
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John and Innocent's dispute over the bishop's abortive elevation to Canterbury. After securing his pardon de Gray was appointed
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While the delegations from the various parties were in Rome, the monks of Canterbury secretly elected one of their own,
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Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: Volume 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces): Durham: Bishops
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territory in the north. A naval campaign was also launched but to no avail. De Gray suffered a defeat at the hands of
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to the archbishopric of Canterbury, but a disputed election process led to de Gray's selection being quashed by Pope
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even before John became king, for which he was rewarded with a number of ecclesiastical offices, culminating in his
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586:, was in the bishop's household during the papal interdict on England; he went on to become a tutor in theology at
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285:, who stated that the new bishop "succeeded to the bishopric of Norwich by the gift of King John". De Gray was
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have embittered de Gray, however, as three years later the bishop was praising him in a letter to John.
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De Gray remained close to John for most of the bishop's life, and one of the King's chief fundraisers.
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election was invalid if an earlier one was still under appeal to the papacy. The monks then elected
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By 1209 de Gray was in Ireland serving as the king's governor, an office sometimes referred to as
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De Gray was elected Bishop of Norwich on about 7 September 1200, although the election was purely
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before April that year. He also served as John's secretary, and frequently as a deputy for the
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De Gray also faced resistance from the northern Irish. In 1212 he led a campaign against
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Harper-Bill, Christopher (1999). "John and the Church of Rome". In Church, S. D. (ed.).
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John's attempt to impose de Gray's election as Archbishop of Canterbury in 1205 was the
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The House of Lords in the Middle Ages: A History of the English House of Lords to 1540
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1783:(1907). "Athlone Castle: Its Early History, with Notes on some Neighboring Castles".
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in 1213; but de Gray died during his journey back to England on 18 October 1214, at
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to Norwich in 1200. De Gray continued in royal service after his elevation to the
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Wood, Herbert (1921–1924). "The Office of Chief Governor of Ireland, 1172–1509".
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Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: Volume 6: York: Archdeacons of Cleveland
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Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: Volume 6: York: Archdeacons of Cleveland
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While bishop, de Gray often lent the king money, and on one occasion held the
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The Loss of Normandy 1189–1204: Studies in the History of the Angevin Kingdom
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607:, described de Gray as "one of the best brains of the royal administration".
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to England to help repel a threatened invasion by the French king Philip II.
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In 1203 some of de Gray's knights were part of the garrison at the castle of
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19:"John de Grey" redirects here. For the English soldier and High Sheriff, see
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on 24 September. His consecration took place together with that of the new
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1507:(Third revised ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
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526:. One of de Gray's final acts as justiciar was to take a force of
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1432:(Reprint ed.). Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press.
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1860:(Second ed.). Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press.
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Duffy, Seán (1999). "John and Ireland". In Church, S. D. (ed.).
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1935:(Reprint ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
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134:
1875:
Richardson, H. G. (September 1942). "Norman Ireland in 1212".
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1822:
159:(died 18 October 1214) was an English prelate who served as
1503:
Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996).
1430:
From Becket to Langton: English Church Government 1170–1213
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and was traditionally one of the principal royal advisers.
1933:
Peter des Roches: An Alien in English Politics 1205–1238
1669:
1785:
Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland
1763:
A Constitutional and Legal History of Medieval England
494:, in the promotion of which he constructed castles at
1995:
Hubert Walter: Lord of Canterbury and Lord of England
533:
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indicate a person who was elected but not confirmed.
1803:
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1730:(April 1938). "The Canterbury Election of 1205–6".
23:. For the English soldier, baron and courtier, see
1971:
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1596:. Institute of Historical Research. Archived from
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1573:. Institute of Historical Research. Archived from
1566:
1550:. Institute of Historical Research. Archived from
1543:
1469:(Reprint ed.). Woodbridge, UK: D. S. Brewer.
1992:
1974:Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, Section C
1930:
1874:
1779:
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539:Innocent III decrying the marriages of some
239:. De Gray was the uncle of Walter de Gray, later
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1957:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
1911:
1852:
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4122:13th-century English Roman Catholic archbishops
1707:
211:trusted throughout his life. De Gray's nephew,
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324:on an unsuccessful diplomatic mission to King
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1949:
1655:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
1650:
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16:English royal official and bishop (died 1214)
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1467:A Dictionary of Medieval Terms & Phrases
1291:
1289:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1083:
1081:
551:) the right to hold a weekly market and two
250:By 1196, de Gray was in the service of King
4117:13th-century English Roman Catholic bishops
1483:
1198:Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries
1185:Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries
1166:
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281:, as acknowledged by a contemporary writer
167:. He was employed in the service of Prince
25:John de Grey, 1st Baron Grey de Rotherfield
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1529:(Second ed.). London: Hodder Arnold.
1067:
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347:in Normandy, serving under the command of
207:, but he died on his way back to England.
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741:
1190:
1177:
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847:
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355:, and went on to England with the king.
328:. Philip had demanded that John's niece
1622:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1408:The Feudal Kingdom of England 1042–1216
1366:
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1203:
1133:
1094:
1060:
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975:
928:
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873:
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803:
724:
720:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
687:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
340:after the bishops returned to England.
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1410:(Fourth ed.). New York: Longman.
1379:
1353:
1073:Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy
767:
714:
681:
679:
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1997:. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
1765:(Second ed.). New York: Norton.
712:
710:
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706:
704:
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700:
698:
696:
694:
227:Some describe de Gray as a native of
555:per year. He also built a palace at
365:beginning of the king's long quarrel
307:
1830:. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
676:
358:
231:; he was likely descended from the
13:
1452:. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons.
1222:Harper-Bill "John and the Church"
691:
534:Episcopal affairs and later career
163:, and was elected but unconfirmed
14:
4173:
3393:List of archbishops of Canterbury
2592:Leveson Venables-Vernon-Harcourt
1674:. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press.
1653:England in the Thirteenth Century
1488:. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press.
923:England in the Thirteenth Century
749:England in the Thirteenth Century
685:Quoted in Haines "Gray, John de"
579:, but his tomb has not survived.
1808:. New York: Barnes & Noble.
1071:Wood "Office of Chief Governor"
990:Constitutional and Legal History
941:Constitutional and Legal History
442:, built on John de Gray's orders
1914:King John: England's Evil King?
638:
629:
219:with his uncle's help in 1205.
2063:Archbishop-elect of Canterbury
1672:King John: New Interpretations
1505:Handbook of British Chronology
1486:King John: New Interpretations
1042:Handbook of British Chronology
1003:Handbook of British Chronology
968:Knowles "Canterbury Election"
829:Handbook of British Chronology
620:
506:, bases for raids against the
438:Part of the fortifications at
97:Archbishop-elect of Canterbury
1:
4157:People from Rotherfield Greys
1804:Otway-Ruthven, A. J. (1993).
1733:The English Historical Review
1465:Coredon, Christopher (2007).
462:During John's persecution of
429:
222:
4147:Burials at Norwich Cathedral
1644:UK public library membership
1053:Richardson "Norman Ireland"
670:
7:
4152:Lords Lieutenant of Ireland
1806:History of Medieval Ireland
1693:. London: Pearson/Longman.
1624:. Oxford University Press.
1590:Greenway, Diana G. (1999).
1567:Greenway, Diana G. (1971).
1544:Greenway, Diana G. (1971).
1102:History of Medieval Ireland
10:
4178:
1993:Young, Charles R. (1968).
1931:Vincent, Nicholas (2002).
1689:Huscroft, Richard (2005).
1395:
487:in charge of the country.
18:
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2020:
2013:
1912:Turner, Ralph V. (2005).
1889:10.1017/S0021121400034799
1761:Lyon, Bryce Dale (1980).
1710:King John and Magna Carta
1618:"Gray, John de (d. 1214)"
1170:Duffy "John and Ireland"
970:English Historical Review
910:King John and Magna Carta
247:to acquire the position.
140:
124:
119:
111:
106:
84:
74:
64:
56:
48:
41:
34:
4132:Archdeacons of Cleveland
2672:Richard Rowling (Acting)
2582:Charles Baillie-Hamilton
2182:Archdeacons of Cleveland
2104:Died before enthronement
1877:Irish Historical Studies
1826:; Wallis, Keith (1968).
1746:10.1093/ehr/LIII.CCX.211
1708:Jones, J. A. P. (1971).
1691:Ruling England 1042–1217
1055:Irish Historical Studies
614:
264:Archdeacon of Gloucester
215:, secured the office of
165:Archbishop of Canterbury
93:Archdeacon of Gloucester
4014:Archibald Campbell Tait
2874:see removed to Thetford
2682:Clay Roundtree (Acting)
1196:Orpen "Athlone Castle"
1183:Orpen "Athlone Castle"
896:p. 169 and footnote 251
718:Haines "Gray, John de"
260:Archdeacon of Cleveland
89:Archdeacon of Cleveland
3994:Charles Manners-Sutton
3925:Episcopacy abolished (
3263:Charles Manners-Sutton
3179:Episcopacy abolished (
2905:see removed to Norwich
2097:Bishop-elect of Durham
2015:Catholic Church titles
1916:. Stroud, UK: Tempus.
1651:Harding, Alan (1993).
1630:10.1093/ref:odnb/11541
1350:p. 83 and footnote 203
1250:From Becket to Langton
1237:From Becket to Langton
443:
369:Pope Innocent III
101:Bishop-elect of Durham
52:about 7 September 1200
3699:John of Sittingbourne
3649:Reginald Fitz Jocelin
2931:William de Turbeville
1057:p. 145 and footnote 1
437:
396:Gervase of Canterbury
193:Innocent consecrated
3984:Frederick Cornwallis
3048:Alexander Tottington
2223:Geoffrey de Muschamp
2133:Justiciar of Ireland
524:Archbishop of Dublin
424:Bishop of Winchester
4107:12th-century births
4019:Edward White Benson
2883:Bishops of Thetford
2306:Innocent de Fieschi
1712:. London: Longman.
592:Bishop of Salisbury
575:. He was buried in
569:Saint-Jean-d'Angély
330:Eleanor of Brittany
326:Philip II of France
262:in March 1200, and
200:governor of Ireland
131:Saint-Jean-d'Angély
4142:Bishops of Norwich
3802:William Whittlesey
3780:Thomas Bradwardine
3723:William Chillenden
3712:Edmund of Abingdon
3616:William de Corbeil
3577:Robert of Jumièges
3552:Ælfric of Abingdon
3447:Theodore of Tarsus
3043:Henry le Despenser
2921:Herbert de Losinga
2900:Herbert de Losinga
2895:William de Beaufeu
2729:Bishops of Norwich
2561:Francis Blackburne
2486:Christopher Malton
2326:William de Ferriby
2280:Thomas de Grimston
2275:Rufinus of Tonengo
2206:John son of Letold
2118:Political offices
2070:set aside by Pope
2042:Title next held by
1614:Haines, Roy Martin
1527:The Angevin Empire
1266:Powell and Wallis
512:Cormac O'Melaghlin
444:
394:. Another source,
334:Arthur of Brittany
291:Bishop of Hereford
241:Archbishop of York
4092:
4091:
3812:William Courtenay
3768:John de Stratford
3746:Robert Winchelsey
3632:Roger de Bailleul
3350:
3349:
3314:Launcelot Fleming
3053:Richard Courtenay
2983:William Middleton
2946:Pandulf Verraccio
2736:Bishops of Elmham
2695:
2694:
2617:William Hutchings
2516:Timothy Thurscros
2496:Richard Remington
2476:Richard Langridge
2411:William Constable
2371:Thomas Walkington
2346:Robert de Manfeld
2331:William de Catton
2321:Thomas de Holwell
2311:William de Weston
2301:Adrian de Fieschi
2296:Stephen de Mauley
2149:
2148:
2143:Henry de Loundres
2140:Succeeded by
2108:Succeeded by
2077:Succeeded by
2072:Innocent III
2046:Pandulf Verraccio
2031:Bishop of Norwich
1781:Orpen, Goddard H.
1681:978-0-85115-947-8
1642:(subscription or
1536:978-0-340-74115-3
1495:978-0-85115-947-8
1476:978-1-84384-138-8
1372:Quoted in Turner
1239:p. 121 footnote 7
840:Quoted in Warren
584:Robert de Bingham
577:Norwich Cathedral
520:Henry de Loundres
479:, one of them at
464:William de Braose
400:Roger of Wendover
373:cathedral chapter
349:Robert FitzWalter
308:Bishop of Norwich
302:Westminster Abbey
237:Anchetil de Greye
188:Innocent III
161:Bishop of Norwich
150:
149:
145:Norwich Cathedral
115:24 September 1200
79:Pandulf Verraccio
43:Bishop of Norwich
4169:
4029:Randall Davidson
4024:Frederick Temple
4004:John Bird Sumner
3944:William Sancroft
3910:Richard Bancroft
3888:Post-Reformation
3847:Thomas Bourchier
3791:William Edington
3729:Robert Kilwardby
3686:Richard le Grant
3680:Walter d'Eynsham
3643:Baldwin of Forde
3638:Richard of Dover
3377:
3370:
3363:
3354:
3353:
3299:John Sheepshanks
3208:Charles Trimnell
3022:Thomas Hemenhale
2963:William de Raley
2951:Thomas Blunville
2926:Everard of Calne
2722:
2715:
2708:
2699:
2698:
2677:Samantha Rushton
2587:Francis Wrangham
2511:Henry Thurscross
2391:William Duffield
2386:William Pelleson
2262:John de Langeton
2196:Hugh the Chanter
2175:
2168:
2161:
2152:
2151:
2126:Meiler Fitzhenry
2123:Preceded by
2087:Preceded by
2053:Preceded by
2021:Preceded by
2011:
2010:
2006:
1989:
1968:
1946:
1927:
1908:
1871:
1854:Powicke, Maurice
1849:
1824:Powell, J. Enoch
1819:
1800:
1787:. Fifth series.
1776:
1757:
1740:(210): 211–220.
1723:
1704:
1685:
1666:
1647:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1540:
1523:Gillingham, John
1518:
1499:
1480:
1461:
1441:
1421:
1390:
1383:
1377:
1370:
1364:
1357:
1351:
1348:Peter des Roches
1344:
1338:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1313:
1310:Peter des Roches
1306:
1300:
1293:
1284:
1277:
1271:
1264:
1253:
1246:
1240:
1233:
1227:
1220:
1214:
1207:
1201:
1194:
1188:
1181:
1175:
1168:
1157:
1150:
1144:
1141:Loss of Normandy
1137:
1131:
1124:
1118:
1111:
1105:
1098:
1092:
1085:
1076:
1069:
1058:
1051:
1045:
1038:
1032:
1025:
1019:
1012:
1006:
999:
993:
986:
973:
966:
960:
953:
944:
937:
926:
919:
913:
906:
897:
894:Loss of Normandy
890:
884:
881:Loss of Normandy
877:
871:
868:Loss of Normandy
864:
858:
851:
845:
838:
832:
825:
814:
807:
801:
794:
777:
771:
765:
758:
752:
745:
739:
733:
722:
716:
689:
683:
665:
642:
636:
633:
627:
624:
606:
565:Bishop of Durham
420:Peter des Roches
359:Archbishop-elect
205:Bishop of Durham
120:Personal details
32:
31:
21:Sir John de Grey
4177:
4176:
4172:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4097:
4096:
4093:
4088:
4078:
4044:Geoffrey Fisher
4009:Charles Longley
3939:Gilbert Sheldon
3883:
3758:Walter Reynolds
3674:Stephen Langton
3621:Theobald of Bec
3611:Ralph d'Escures
3586:
3395:
3386:
3381:
3351:
3346:
3304:Bertram Pollock
3267:
3193:Anthony Sparrow
3188:Edward Reynolds
3169:Richard Montagu
3149:Samuel Harsnett
3129:Edmund Scambler
3087:
3063:William Alnwick
3033:William Bateman
3016:William Ayermin
2992:
2968:Walter Suffield
2957:Simon of Elmham
2909:
2878:
2793:See interrupted
2731:
2726:
2696:
2691:
2647:Stanley Linsley
2570:
2551:John Richardson
2452:Richard Rawlins
2435:
2431:Thomas Crossley
2421:Geoffrey Blythe
2416:Henry Carnebull
2406:William Poteman
2376:Clement Stanton
2366:Alexander Herle
2361:John Fitzthomas
2284:
2184:
2179:
2145:
2136:
2128:
2113:
2102:
2100:
2092:
2082:
2080:Stephen Langton
2068:
2066:
2058:
2043:
2034:
2026:
2009:
1965:
1943:
1924:
1883:(10): 144–158.
1868:
1838:
1816:
1773:
1720:
1701:
1682:
1663:
1641:
1634:
1632:
1603:
1601:
1580:
1578:
1557:
1555:
1554:on 19 July 2011
1537:
1515:
1496:
1477:
1418:
1398:
1393:
1384:
1380:
1371:
1367:
1358:
1354:
1345:
1341:
1332:
1328:
1320:
1316:
1307:
1303:
1294:
1287:
1278:
1274:
1265:
1256:
1247:
1243:
1234:
1230:
1221:
1217:
1208:
1204:
1195:
1191:
1182:
1178:
1169:
1160:
1151:
1147:
1138:
1134:
1125:
1121:
1112:
1108:
1099:
1095:
1086:
1079:
1070:
1061:
1052:
1048:
1039:
1035:
1026:
1022:
1013:
1009:
1000:
996:
987:
976:
967:
963:
954:
947:
938:
929:
920:
916:
907:
900:
891:
887:
878:
874:
865:
861:
852:
848:
839:
835:
826:
817:
808:
804:
795:
780:
772:
768:
759:
755:
746:
742:
734:
725:
717:
692:
684:
677:
673:
668:
643:
639:
634:
630:
625:
621:
617:
602:
536:
485:Richard de Tuit
468:William Marshal
432:
408:Stephen Langton
381:tenant-in-chief
361:
310:
294:Giles de Braose
283:Roger of Howden
268:Lord Chancellor
225:
217:Lord Chancellor
195:Stephen Langton
129:
128:18 October 1214
99:
95:
91:
60:18 October 1214
37:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4175:
4165:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4090:
4089:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4076:
4071:
4069:Rowan Williams
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4049:Michael Ramsey
4046:
4041:
4039:William Temple
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3999:William Howley
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3974:Matthew Hutton
3971:
3969:Thomas Herring
3966:
3961:
3956:
3954:Thomas Tenison
3951:
3949:John Tillotson
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3900:Edmund Grindal
3897:
3895:Matthew Parker
3891:
3889:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3876:
3874:Thomas Cranmer
3871:
3869:William Warham
3866:
3861:
3858:Thomas Langton
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3832:Henry Chichele
3829:
3827:Thomas Arundel
3824:
3819:
3817:Thomas Arundel
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3774:John de Ufford
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3735:Robert Burnell
3731:
3726:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3702:
3695:
3688:
3683:
3676:
3671:
3664:
3657:
3652:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3597:
3595:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3406:
3404:
3397:
3396:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3380:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3357:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3284:Edward Stanley
3281:
3279:Henry Bathurst
3275:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3159:Richard Corbet
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3134:William Redman
3131:
3126:
3121:
3119:John Parkhurst
3116:
3111:
3109:Thomas Thirlby
3106:
3101:
3095:
3093:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3078:James Goldwell
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3018:
3013:
3010:Robert Baldock
3006:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2978:Roger Skerning
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2936:John of Oxford
2933:
2928:
2923:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2732:
2725:
2724:
2717:
2710:
2702:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2662:Chris Hawthorn
2659:
2654:
2652:John Southgate
2649:
2644:
2639:
2637:George Townley
2634:
2629:
2624:
2622:Thomas Lindsay
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2602:Edward Churton
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2566:Robert Peirson
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2471:William Cliffe
2468:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2401:William Brande
2398:
2396:Stephen Wilton
2393:
2388:
2383:
2381:Richard Pittes
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2341:Roger de Ripon
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2265:
2259:
2250:
2245:
2243:William of Ely
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2177:
2170:
2163:
2155:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2138:
2129:
2124:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2106:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2078:
2075:
2059:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2041:
2036:
2027:
2024:John of Oxford
2022:
2018:
2017:
2008:
2007:
1990:
1969:
1963:
1947:
1941:
1928:
1922:
1909:
1872:
1866:
1850:
1836:
1820:
1814:
1801:
1791:(3): 257–276.
1777:
1771:
1758:
1728:Knowles, M. D.
1724:
1718:
1705:
1699:
1686:
1680:
1667:
1661:
1648:
1610:
1600:on 7 June 2007
1587:
1577:on 7 June 2007
1564:
1541:
1535:
1519:
1513:
1500:
1494:
1481:
1475:
1462:
1442:
1422:
1416:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1378:
1365:
1352:
1339:
1326:
1314:
1301:
1285:
1272:
1268:House of Lords
1254:
1241:
1228:
1215:
1202:
1189:
1176:
1158:
1145:
1132:
1128:Angevin Empire
1119:
1115:Feudal Kingdom
1106:
1100:Otway-Ruthven
1093:
1077:
1059:
1046:
1040:Fryde, et al.
1033:
1029:Ruling England
1020:
1007:
1001:Fryde, et al.
994:
974:
961:
957:Ruling England
945:
927:
914:
898:
885:
872:
859:
846:
833:
827:Fryde, et al.
815:
802:
778:
766:
753:
740:
723:
690:
674:
672:
669:
667:
666:
637:
628:
618:
616:
613:
599:Sidney Painter
541:secular clergy
535:
532:
440:Athlone Castle
431:
428:
360:
357:
332:or his nephew
309:
306:
224:
221:
213:Walter de Gray
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
126:
122:
121:
117:
116:
113:
109:
108:
104:
103:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
69:John of Oxford
66:
62:
61:
58:
54:
53:
50:
46:
45:
39:
38:
35:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4174:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4095:
4086:
4081:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4059:Robert Runcie
4057:
4055:
4054:Donald Coggan
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3979:Thomas Secker
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3934:William Juxon
3932:
3930:
3928:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3905:John Whitgift
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3886:
3880:
3879:Reginald Pole
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3859:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3837:John Stafford
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3807:Simon Sudbury
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3797:Simon Langham
3795:
3793:
3792:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3763:Simon Mepeham
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3753:
3752:Thomas Cobham
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3724:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3692:Ralph Neville
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3669:
3665:
3663:
3662:
3658:
3656:
3655:Hubert Walter
3653:
3651:
3650:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3629:
3627:
3626:Thomas Becket
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3594:
3589:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3398:
3394:
3389:
3385:
3378:
3373:
3371:
3366:
3364:
3359:
3358:
3355:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3309:Percy Herbert
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3243:Thomas Hayter
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3223:William Baker
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3198:William Lloyd
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3182:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3154:Francis White
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3099:Richard Nykke
3097:
3096:
3094:
3090:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3068:Thomas Brunce
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3058:John Wakering
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2997:Late Medieval
2995:
2989:
2988:Ralph Walpole
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2914:High Medieval
2912:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2723:
2718:
2716:
2711:
2709:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2667:Paul Ferguson
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2642:William Palin
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2556:Jaques Sterne
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2536:Barnabas Long
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2506:John Phillips
2504:
2502:
2501:Richard Byrde
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2491:Ralph Coulton
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2462:Thomas Bedyll
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2356:John Marshall
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2336:William Kexby
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2316:John Ellerker
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:Late medieval
2287:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2233:Ralph de Kyme
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2201:Ralph de Baro
2199:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2189:High medieval
2187:
2183:
2176:
2171:
2169:
2164:
2162:
2157:
2156:
2153:
2144:
2135:
2134:
2127:
2121:
2116:
2112:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2091:
2090:Richard Poore
2085:
2081:
2074:
2073:
2065:
2064:
2057:
2056:Hubert Walter
2051:
2048:
2047:
2040:
2033:
2032:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1966:
1964:0-520-03643-3
1960:
1956:
1952:
1951:Warren, W. L.
1948:
1944:
1942:0-521-52215-3
1938:
1934:
1929:
1925:
1923:0-7524-3385-7
1919:
1915:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1873:
1869:
1867:0-7190-5740-X
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1837:9780297761051
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1815:1-56619-216-1
1811:
1807:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1772:0-393-95132-4
1768:
1764:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1719:0-582-31463-1
1715:
1711:
1706:
1702:
1700:0-582-84882-2
1696:
1692:
1687:
1683:
1677:
1673:
1668:
1664:
1662:0-521-31612-X
1658:
1654:
1649:
1645:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1588:
1576:
1572:
1571:
1565:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1514:0-521-56350-X
1510:
1506:
1501:
1497:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1450:Hubert Walter
1447:
1446:Cheney, C. R.
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1426:Cheney, C. R.
1423:
1419:
1417:0-582-49504-0
1413:
1409:
1405:
1404:Barlow, Frank
1401:
1400:
1388:
1382:
1375:
1369:
1362:
1356:
1349:
1343:
1336:
1335:Hubert Walter
1330:
1324:
1318:
1311:
1305:
1298:
1292:
1290:
1282:
1276:
1269:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1251:
1245:
1238:
1232:
1225:
1219:
1212:
1206:
1199:
1193:
1186:
1180:
1173:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1155:
1149:
1142:
1136:
1129:
1123:
1116:
1110:
1103:
1097:
1090:
1084:
1082:
1074:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1056:
1050:
1043:
1037:
1030:
1024:
1017:
1011:
1004:
998:
991:
985:
983:
981:
979:
971:
965:
958:
952:
950:
942:
936:
934:
932:
924:
918:
911:
905:
903:
895:
889:
882:
876:
869:
863:
856:
855:Hubert Walter
850:
843:
837:
830:
824:
822:
820:
812:
811:Hubert Walter
806:
799:
793:
791:
789:
787:
785:
783:
776:
770:
763:
757:
750:
744:
738:
732:
730:
728:
721:
715:
713:
711:
709:
707:
705:
703:
701:
699:
697:
695:
688:
682:
680:
675:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
641:
632:
623:
619:
612:
610:
609:Matthew Paris
605:
600:
595:
593:
589:
585:
580:
578:
574:
570:
566:
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
545:Bishop's Lynn
542:
531:
529:
528:Irish knights
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
488:
486:
482:
478:
472:
469:
465:
460:
458:
454:
453:River Shannon
449:
441:
436:
427:
425:
421:
417:
416:excommunicate
413:
409:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
384:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
356:
354:
350:
346:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
322:papal legates
319:
315:
314:royal regalia
305:
303:
299:
295:
292:
288:
284:
280:
275:
273:
272:Hubert Walter
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
220:
218:
214:
208:
206:
201:
196:
191:
189:
185:
181:
177:
175:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
146:
143:
139:
136:
132:
127:
123:
118:
114:
110:
105:
102:
98:
94:
90:
87:
85:Other post(s)
83:
80:
77:
73:
70:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
44:
40:
33:
30:
26:
22:
4094:
4084:
4074:Justin Welby
4064:George Carey
3959:William Wake
3927:Commonwealth
3924:
3920:William Laud
3915:George Abbot
3856:
3822:Roger Walden
3789:
3772:
3750:
3741:John Peckham
3733:
3721:
3704:
3697:
3690:
3678:
3668:John de Gray
3667:
3666:
3659:
3647:
3630:
3591:Conquest to
3439:
3342:Graham Usher
3333:
3329:Graham James
3319:Maurice Wood
3289:Samuel Hinds
3258:George Horne
3248:Philip Yonge
3238:Samuel Lisle
3233:Thomas Gooch
3228:Robert Butts
3213:Thomas Green
3181:Commonwealth
3178:
3164:Matthew Wren
3144:John Overall
3124:Edmund Freke
3104:William Rugg
3092:Early modern
3038:Thomas Percy
3020:
3008:
2973:Simon Walton
2955:
2941:John de Gray
2940:
2904:
2873:
2858:
2792:
2687:Amanda Bloor
2681:
2671:
2627:Basil Carter
2612:Henry Yeoman
2526:Robert Feild
2457:James Denton
2447:John Reynald
2440:Early modern
2351:Adam Spencer
2267:
2248:Matthew Scot
2228:John de Gray
2227:
2210:
2131:
2103:
2095:
2069:
2061:
2044:
2038:
2029:
1994:
1977:
1973:
1954:
1932:
1913:
1880:
1876:
1857:
1827:
1805:
1788:
1784:
1762:
1737:
1731:
1709:
1690:
1671:
1652:
1633:. Retrieved
1621:
1604:11 September
1602:. Retrieved
1598:the original
1592:
1581:11 September
1579:. Retrieved
1575:the original
1569:
1558:11 September
1556:. Retrieved
1552:the original
1546:
1526:
1504:
1485:
1466:
1449:
1429:
1407:
1386:
1381:
1373:
1368:
1360:
1355:
1347:
1342:
1334:
1329:
1322:
1317:
1309:
1304:
1296:
1280:
1275:
1267:
1249:
1244:
1236:
1231:
1223:
1218:
1210:
1205:
1197:
1192:
1184:
1179:
1171:
1153:
1148:
1140:
1135:
1127:
1122:
1114:
1109:
1101:
1096:
1088:
1072:
1054:
1049:
1041:
1036:
1028:
1023:
1015:
1010:
1002:
997:
989:
969:
964:
956:
940:
922:
917:
909:
893:
888:
880:
875:
867:
862:
854:
849:
841:
836:
828:
810:
805:
797:
774:
769:
761:
756:
748:
743:
736:
719:
686:
646:Clonmacnoise
640:
631:
622:
604:W. L. Warren
596:
581:
561:
537:
489:
473:
461:
445:
412:an interdict
404:
385:
362:
342:
311:
278:
276:
249:
226:
209:
192:
173:
156:
153:John de Gray
152:
151:
112:Consecration
36:John de Gray
29:
4162:Grey family
4112:1214 deaths
3964:John Potter
3864:Henry Deane
3852:John Morton
3785:Simon Islip
3593:Reformation
3335:Alan Winton
3294:John Pelham
3272:Late modern
3253:Lewis Bagot
3174:Joseph Hall
3114:John Hopton
3083:Thomas Jane
3073:Walter Hart
3004:John Salmon
2818:Theodred II
2798:Aethelweald
2748:Northbertus
2657:Ron Woodley
2632:Edmund Hope
2607:William Hey
2575:Late modern
2541:John Burton
2481:John Warner
2238:Hugh Murdac
1980:: 206–238.
1174:pp. 241–242
1126:Gillingham
1117:pp. 408–409
1091:pp. 195–196
1031:pp. 196–197
972:pp. 212–215
959:pp. 195–196
943:pp. 306–307
800:pp. 160–162
549:King's Lynn
514:in 1212 at
392:papal curia
298:Westminster
287:consecrated
254:'s brother
184:translation
65:Predecessor
4101:Categories
4034:Cosmo Lang
3989:John Moore
3706:John Blund
3324:Peter Nott
3203:John Moore
3139:John Jegon
3028:Antony Bek
2843:Ælfric III
2813:Theodred I
2783:Hunferthus
2758:Æthelfrith
2753:Headulacus
2597:Henry Todd
2546:James Fall
2521:John Neale
2137:1208–1213
2035:1200–1214
1635:8 November
762:Dictionary
496:Cáel Uisce
430:In Ireland
223:Early life
180:episcopate
57:Term ended
3842:John Kemp
3567:Æthelnoth
3532:Byrhthelm
3492:Feologild
3482:Æthelhard
3472:Bregowine
3452:Berhtwald
3435:Deusdedit
3410:Augustine
3218:John Leng
2853:Grimketel
2838:Ælfric II
2823:Æthelstan
2788:Humbertus
2768:Æthelwulf
2531:John Lake
2426:John Hole
2264:the elder
2067:1205–1206
1955:King John
1905:163374678
1646:required)
1438:153989468
1387:King John
1374:King John
1361:King John
1321:Greenway
1297:King John
1281:King John
1224:King John
1211:King John
1172:King John
1154:King John
1089:King John
1027:Huscroft
1016:King John
955:Huscroft
912:pp. 35–37
842:King John
798:King John
773:Greenway
735:Greenway
671:Citations
594:in 1228.
492:Áed Méith
466:in 1209,
457:Fermanagh
448:justiciar
377:canon law
345:Vaudreuil
279:pro forma
252:Richard I
190:in 1206.
174:pro forma
75:Successor
49:Appointed
3717:Boniface
3661:Reginald
3601:Lanfranc
3542:Æthelgar
3517:Wulfhelm
3507:Plegmund
3502:Æthelred
3497:Ceolnoth
3477:Jænberht
3467:Cuthbert
3462:Nothhelm
3430:Honorius
3420:Mellitus
3415:Laurence
3402:Conquest
3337:(acting)
2864:Æthelmær
2857:Stigand
2808:Ælfric I
2773:Alherdus
2763:Eanfrith
2743:Bedwinus
1986:25504230
1953:(1978).
1897:30006629
1856:(1960).
1797:25507617
1616:(2004).
1525:(2001).
1448:(1967).
1428:(1956).
1406:(1988).
1346:Vincent
1308:Vincent
1139:Powicke
921:Harding
892:Powicke
879:Powicke
866:Powicke
760:Coredon
747:Harding
658:Kinnitty
508:Ua Néill
477:Connacht
388:Reginald
353:Barfleur
338:Normandy
318:security
176:election
4085:Italics
3582:Stigand
3572:Eadsige
3557:Ælfheah
3547:Sigeric
3537:Dunstan
3527:Ælfsige
3487:Wulfred
3457:Tatwine
3441:Wighard
2890:Herfast
2869:Herfast
2859:(again)
2848:Stigand
2833:Ælfwine
2803:Eadwulf
1458:1097086
1396:Sources
1385:Turner
1359:Turner
1295:Warren
1279:Warren
1248:Cheney
1235:Cheney
1209:Turner
1152:Warren
1113:Barlow
1087:Warren
1014:Turner
853:Cheney
796:Warren
662:Roscrea
557:Gaywood
500:Belleek
481:Athlone
455:and in
235:knight
229:Norfolk
157:de Grey
3606:Anselm
3562:Lyfing
3512:Athelm
3425:Justus
2828:Ælfgar
2466:Bedell
2218:Jeremy
2111:Morgan
2039:Vacant
2003:443445
2001:
1984:
1961:
1939:
1920:
1903:
1895:
1864:
1846:463626
1844:
1834:
1812:
1795:
1769:
1754:554203
1752:
1716:
1697:
1678:
1659:
1533:
1511:
1492:
1473:
1456:
1436:
1414:
1333:Young
1299:p. 212
1283:p. 204
1270:p. 121
1252:p. 137
1226:p. 294
1213:p. 108
1200:p. 266
1187:p. 261
1156:p. 201
1143:p. 295
1075:p. 219
1044:p. 161
1018:p. 116
1005:p. 232
992:p. 240
925:p. 266
908:Jones
883:p. 162
870:p. 260
844:p. 160
831:p. 261
813:p. 149
809:Young
764:p. 125
751:p. 236
660:, and
650:Durrow
590:, and
588:Oxford
573:Poitou
522:, the
516:Fircal
504:Clones
502:, and
422:, the
233:Norman
141:Buried
135:Poitou
107:Orders
2778:Sybba
2269:Roger
2257:Serlo
2253:Serlo
2212:Ralph
1982:JSTOR
1901:S2CID
1893:JSTOR
1793:JSTOR
1750:JSTOR
1389:p. 61
1376:p. 46
1363:p. 46
1337:p. 58
1312:p. 92
1130:p. 55
1104:p. 83
988:Lyon
939:Lyon
857:p. 65
615:Notes
553:fairs
547:(now
367:with
245:marks
3400:Pre-
2101:1214
1999:OCLC
1959:ISBN
1937:ISBN
1918:ISBN
1862:ISBN
1842:OCLC
1832:ISBN
1810:ISBN
1767:ISBN
1714:ISBN
1695:ISBN
1676:ISBN
1657:ISBN
1637:2007
1606:2007
1583:2007
1560:2007
1531:ISBN
1509:ISBN
1490:ISBN
1471:ISBN
1454:OCLC
1434:OCLC
1412:ISBN
654:Birr
256:John
169:John
125:Died
3522:Oda
1885:doi
1742:doi
1626:doi
571:in
316:as
296:at
155:or
4103::
1978:36
1976:.
1899:.
1891:.
1879:.
1840:.
1789:37
1748:.
1738:53
1736:.
1620:.
1288:^
1257:^
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1080:^
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930:^
901:^
818:^
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726:^
693:^
678:^
656:,
652:,
648:,
559:.
498:,
304:.
270:,
133:,
3929:)
3376:e
3369:t
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