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on
February 22, 1819, following which Hernández pledged his allegiance to the US. The treaty was finally approved by the US Senate on February 22, 1821. Although it is not clear what role Hernández had in the war, he profited from it by receiving more land grants from the Spanish government. The land
266:
He married the widowed Ana María Hill
Williams on February 25, 1814, in St. Augustine. Ana María Hill was born on June 6, 1787, in St. Augustine, and was the daughter of the South Carolinian merchant Theophilus Hill and his wife Theresa Thomas; they had immigrated from South Carolina by the 1780s.
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Hernández and Ana María had at least one child, Dora Hernández. The properties owned by Ana, including a 3,200-acre plantation called "Orange Grove", enabled Hernández to establish himself as a planter of some standing. He had also acquired several profitable land grants during the so-called
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During the 1820s, Hernández became a major planter in the territory, his properties producing some of its biggest cash crops, including sugar cane and cotton, with the forced labor of between 60 and 150 enslaved black persons on his three largest holdings, especially the
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and the St. Joseph plantations. In spite of his success as a planter, Hernández was forced to sell off large tracts of his land during the mid-1820s to discharge debts and make mortgage payments. In 1835 he used his estates as collateral to borrow money and preserve his
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Hernández was appointed to the
Florida territorial legislative council by President Monroe, and the appointment renewed by President John Quincy Adams in 1825. He continued running his plantations, which were burned by the
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José Mariano Hernández was born on 26 May 1788. Almost a month later, on 23 June 1788, he was baptized by Father
Michael O'Reilly (St. Augustine Parish Records, Book 1, White Baptisms, Entry 206)
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that he bought or inherited by marriage along with the large holdings he received as service grants from the
Spanish crown amounted to 25,670 acres by the time of the annexation to the US.
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Preliminary
Archaeological Investigations at the Joseph Martin Hernandez Mala Compra Plantation Settlement at Bings Landing County Park, Flagler County, Florida (artifact Inventory)
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in 1817, Andrew
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colony. Prior to the
American acquisition of Florida, Hernández owned three plantations south of St. Augustine (in what was then
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193:(May 26, 1788 – June 8, 1857) was a slave-owning American planter, politician and military officer. He was the first
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First
Delegate from the Florida Territory and the first Hispanic American to serve in the United States Congress
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344:. The ruins of his plantation Mala Compra is today a preserved archaeological site. He was appointed
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Wasniewski, Matthew Andrew; Kowalewski, Albin; O'Hara, Laura Turner; Rucker, Terrance, eds. (2013).
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ever to serve in the U.S. Congress. He served for six months, leaving office on March 3, 1823.
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Ted M. Payne; Patricia C. Griffin; Flagler County
Planning Dept; MAAR Associates (1999).
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In 1837, while with the U.S. Army, Hernández was ordered to build a road between
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P.K. Yonge Historical Collection at the University of Florida, Gainesville
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Legal History of the Color Line: The Rise and Triumph of the One-Drop Rule
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Hispanic and Latino American members of the United States Congress
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militia during the war and was subsequently commissioned in the
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Friends of the Enchanted Forest Sanctuary - History Article
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to the St. Lucie River. It passed from Fort Capron through
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and engaged as a planter in the District of Coliseo, near
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Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Florida
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Hispanics in Congress: A Historical and Political Survey
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List of Hispanic Americans in the United States Congress
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537:. Flagler County Planning Department. pp. 36–37.
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Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
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Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
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Florida Territory's at-large congressional district
602:. U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 72–78.
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16:American planter, politician and military officer
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315:on September 30, 1822. He thus became the first
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215:, he served from September 1822 to March 1823.
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637:Enchanted Forest Sanctuary - Official Homepage
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627:Various articles, 2 on Hernandez-Capron Trail
695:U.S. House of Representatives
364:, as well as the capture of Seminole chiefs
74:September 30, 1822 – March 3, 1823
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500:. University Press of America. p. 5.
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642:Florida Historical Marker SR 520 and US 1
599:Hispanic Americans in Congress, 1822-2012
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651:"Joseph Marion Hernández (id: H000533)"
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52:United States House of Representatives
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348:over a troop of volunteers from the
19:For other people with the name, see
706:September 30, 1822 – March 3, 1823
223:José Mariano Hernández was born in
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2482:19th-century American legislators
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298:, he was elected Florida's first
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725: This article incorporates
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368:(King Philip) and Seminole ally
693:Delegate to the
551:Frank W. Sweet (31 July 2005).
2537:19th-century American planters
401:Necropolis San Carlos Borromeo
379:Hernández was an unsuccessful
372:. He retired with the rank of
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162:Necropolis San Carlos Borromeo
21:Joe Hernandez (disambiguation)
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278:broke out in the province of
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2507:People from Spanish Florida
557:. Backintyme. p. 380.
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235:. His parents were
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2470:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2433:28th district
2429:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:27th district
2399:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2363:26th district
2359:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2328:25th district
2324:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2293:24th district
2289:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:23rd district
2259:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2218:22nd district
2214:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2178:21st district
2174:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2143:20th district
2139:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2088:19th district
2084:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2048:18th district
2044:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2003:17th district
1999:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:16th district
1954:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1898:15th district
1894:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1853:14th district
1849:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1788:13th district
1784:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1723:12th district
1719:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1653:11th district
1649:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1598:10th district
1594:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1374:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1294:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1209:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1004:
999:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
924:
922:
919:
914:
910:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
869:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
829:Brockenbrough
827:
825:
822:
821:
819:
817:
813:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
783:
781:
779:
775:
771:
767:
760:
755:
753:
748:
746:
741:
740:
737:
733:
732:
729:from the
728:
713:
704:
702:
696:
684:
681:
677:
672:
668:
665:
662:
658:
657:
652:
647:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
624:
611:
605:
601:
600:
592:
590:
588:
586:
584:
582:
566:
560:
556:
555:
547:
540:
536:
535:
527:
525:
509:
503:
499:
498:
490:
486:
476:
473:
472:
466:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
414:
404:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
377:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
333:
331:
326:
320:
318:
314:
311:
307:
302:
297:
292:
289:
285:
281:
277:
272:
270:
269:"Patriot War"
264:
262:
258:
255:): San Jose,
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
197:
192:
183:
179:
175:
169:
165:
161:
159:Resting place
157:
154:
150:
141:
137:
134:
130:
126:
125:St. Augustine
114:
110:
105:
101:
98:
95:
89:
86:
83:
77:
71:
66:
62:
58:
53:
47:
43:
39:
34:
27:
22:
2412:Ros-Lehtinen
2062:Ros-Lehtinen
1577:G. Bilirakis
1572:M. Bilirakis
1543:9th district
1473:8th district
1433:7th district
1378:6th district
1298:5th district
1213:4th district
1133:3rd district
1003:2nd district
918:1st district
785:
719:
692:
654:
598:
568:. Retrieved
553:
546:
538:
533:
511:. Retrieved
496:
489:
416:
403:, Matanzas.
378:
362:Thomas Jesup
334:
321:
313:James Monroe
293:
280:West Florida
273:
265:
253:East Florida
222:
190:
189:
144:(1857-06-08)
142:June 8, 1857
122:May 26, 1788
92:Succeeded by
84:
69:
2472:1857 deaths
2467:1788 births
1347:Brown-Waite
1112:Southerland
982:Scarborough
570:24 February
459:Fort Brooke
443:Fort Vinton
423:Fort Capron
370:Uchee Billy
325:Mala Compra
261:Bella Vista
257:Mala Compra
80:Preceded by
2461:Categories
1367:Rutherford
1282:Rutherford
481:References
455:Fort Meade
274:After the
249:New Smyrna
172:Whig Party
118:1788-05-26
2317:F. Wilson
2282:Moskowitz
2127:F. Rooney
2067:P. Murphy
2032:T. Rooney
1987:T. Rooney
1812:D. Miller
1777:Bilirakis
1672:P. Rogers
1557:P. Rogers
1457:S. Murphy
1392:P. Rogers
1387:D. Rogers
1307:Hendricks
1162:Smithwick
1152:E. Wilson
1052:Dougherty
987:J. Miller
786:Hernández
778:Territory
447:Fort Drum
429:, on the
366:Ee-mat-la
338:Seminoles
310:President
284:St. Marks
271:in 1812.
237:Minorcans
219:Biography
199:from the
177:Known for
70:In office
2272:Hastings
2162:Hastings
2102:Johnston
2077:Franklin
1992:Buchanan
1942:Franklin
1872:Johnston
1822:Buchanan
1802:Mack III
1697:J. Davis
1512:McCollum
1482:Matthews
1417:DeSantis
1337:McCollum
1277:Crenshaw
1262:Chappell
1242:Smathers
1172:Caldwell
1102:Peterson
1067:R. Davis
962:Campbell
957:McMullen
952:Peterson
942:Sparkman
932:Davidson
849:Hamilton
816:At-large
667:Archived
469:See also
393:Matanzas
330:solvency
317:Hispanic
301:Delegate
203:and the
196:delegate
149:Matanzas
63:district
61:at-large
2442:Giménez
2422:Salazar
2417:Shalala
2387:Giménez
2377:Curbelo
2252:Frankel
2242:Frankel
2202:Frankel
2152:Deutsch
2132:Donalds
2122:Clawson
2097:Fascell
2022:K. Meek
2017:C. Meek
1982:Mahoney
1917:Bacchus
1907:Fascell
1882:Mack IV
1867:D. Mica
1737:Fascell
1712:Webster
1692:Gibbons
1687:Bacchus
1677:D. Mica
1637:Demings
1632:Webster
1622:Ireland
1617:Bafalis
1607:Gibbons
1582:Grayson
1527:Webster
1522:Grayson
1502:Ireland
1452:J. Mica
1447:Gibbons
1412:Stearns
1397:Gibbons
1342:Thurman
1312:Herlong
1257:Herlong
1252:Fascell
1247:Lantaff
1202:Cammack
1187:Bennett
1087:Bennett
1057:Bullock
937:Mallory
874:L'Engle
859:Niblack
844:Hawkins
839:Maxwell
801:Downing
513:14 July
358:Osceola
340:in the
304:to the
229:Florida
227:during
2372:Garcia
2342:Rivera
2307:Kosmas
2302:Feeney
2247:Deutch
2197:Deutch
2112:Deutch
2107:Wexler
2057:Pepper
2037:Steube
2027:Wilson
2012:Lehman
1922:Weldon
1887:Castor
1862:Pepper
1817:Harris
1797:Lehman
1767:Putnam
1762:Canady
1732:Cramer
1707:Nugent
1702:Castor
1682:Nelson
1667:Pepper
1662:Gurney
1567:Nelson
1517:Keller
1487:Cramer
1407:MacKay
1362:Lawson
1352:Nugent
1327:Gunter
1317:Gurney
1272:Fowler
1237:Cannon
1232:Wilcox
1182:Pepper
1117:Graham
1062:Cooper
1047:Bisbee
1042:Finley
1037:Bisbee
1027:Finley
1022:Bisbee
1017:Finley
967:Cramer
927:Purman
864:Purman
834:Cabell
824:Cabell
698:from
606:
561:
504:
259:, and
2312:Adams
2232:Klein
2117:Radel
1977:Foley
1972:Lewis
1967:Smith
1937:Spano
1927:Posey
1837:Crist
1832:Jolly
1827:Young
1757:Lewis
1747:Stack
1742:Burke
1642:Frost
1627:Young
1612:Burke
1552:Fuqua
1532:Posey
1507:Young
1497:Haley
1492:Young
1462:Mills
1442:Haley
1422:Waltz
1402:Young
1357:Brown
1332:Kelly
1267:James
1222:Sears
1192:Brown
1177:Sikes
1157:Kehoe
1142:Lamar
1097:Grant
1092:Fuqua
1082:Price
1077:Green
1072:Clark
1012:Walls
992:Gaetz
977:Hutto
972:Sikes
947:Drane
884:Green
879:Sears
868:Walls
854:Walls
796:White
463:Tampa
55:from
2237:West
2227:Shaw
2207:Mast
2072:Mast
1932:Ross
1912:Shaw
1877:Goss
1842:Luna
1807:Goss
1772:Ross
1752:Shaw
1587:Soto
1562:Frey
1322:Frey
1287:Bean
1227:Owen
1197:Yoho
1147:Mays
1122:Dunn
1107:Boyd
1032:Hull
866:and
806:Levy
791:Call
688:none
604:ISBN
572:2013
559:ISBN
515:2013
502:ISBN
421:and
389:Cuba
381:Whig
139:Died
112:Born
1947:Lee
1167:Yon
465:).
457:to
247:'s
243:in
231:'s
59:'s
2463::
653:.
580:^
523:^
453:,
449:,
445:,
376:.
332:.
263:.
151:,
131:,
127:,
758:e
751:t
744:v
659:.
612:.
574:.
517:.
461:(
120:)
116:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
