606:
815:
42:
300:
729:
585:
771:
988:
1032:
1076:
1103:
966:
922:
793:
944:
1054:
749:
1010:
866:
844:
900:
885:
255:(PLAAF) received its first six JL-8 trainers in 1995 following additional upgrades. The Chinese model uses a Chinese-manufactured version of the Ukrainian Ivchenko AI-25 (DV-2) engine, designated WS-11. The PLAAF is anticipated to continue adding the JL-8 trainer to its fleet to replace its obsolete trainers, such as the
315:
capability for training and, with little modification, can also be used for airfield defense. The aircraft is supposed to be as cost-effective as possible, with a short turn-around time and low maintenance requirements. The JL-8 for the domestic
Chinese market and its export variants, K-8E and K-8P,
290:
jet trainers. In 2009, the
Bolivian government approved a deal to purchase 6 K-8P aircraft for use in anti-drug operations. In 2010 the total number of K-8 aircraft produced in all variants was estimated to be more than 500, with a continual production rate of approximately 24 aircraft per year.
461:
A hydro-mechanical fuel control system delivers fuel to the engine. The aircraft's fuel system consists of the fuel tanks and the fuel supply/transfer, vent/pressurization, fuel quantity measuring/indicating, fuel refueling and fuel drain subsystems. The total fuel is contained in two
503:
positions in the north of the country. On 30 June 2023 a K-8 W was destroyed while attacking opposition groups. On 11 November 2023 KNDF and People
Defense Forces shot down a K8W at Loikaw, Karenni State with a 0.5 machine gun and it crashed into Than Daung Township in Karen State.
474:
The K-8 took part in its first aerial display in 1993 at the
Singapore Air Show and since then has participated at Air Shows at numerous places including Dubai, Paris, Farnborough, Bangkok, Zhuhai etc. It was shown to the Pakistani public for the first time on 23 March 1994 at the
600:
K-8 variant developed for export to Egypt in 1999, featuring 33 modifications to the airframe and avionics. Built in Egypt from
Chinese-supplied kits, production of 80 Egyptian-built Chinese kits was completed in 2005, with license production of an additional 40 K-8Es undertaken
278:. The latest export variant is the K-8P version, which is operated by the PAF. The K-8P has an advanced avionics package of integrated head-up display (HUD), multi-function displays (MFDs) and comes equipped with MFD-integrated GPS and ILS/TACAN systems. It also has
396:
which are zero-zero capable, meaning they can be used safely at zero altitude and zero speed. Although JL-8 is designed to have limited capability to deliver air-to-ground weapons, the first rocket attack practice was only completed in May 2011.
209:-8 to represent the friendship between the two countries. Work on the design started in 1987 at Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company (NAMC) at Nanchang, Jiangshi Province in South Central China. The Chinese chief designer of the aircraft was
718:
Recently at the 2021 Dubai Air Show, a modernization of the K-8 Karakorum training platform called K-8NG was presented. K-8NG is a multi-role jet trainer with basic/advanced training, air-to-ground precision strike, and reconnaissance
282:
for carrying a variety of training and operational bombs up to 250 kg, pod-mounted 23 mm cannon, and PL-5 / 7 /AIM-9 P launchers. In
September 2011, NAMC produced another 12 K-8Ps for an undisclosed foreign client.
262:
Other countries have shown interest in the trainer, and it now also serves in the air forces of Egypt, Sri Lanka and
Zimbabwe. While the type primarily serves as a basic and advanced trainer, it can also be used in the
689:
Variant of the JL-8 with improved cockpit and HUD. Delivered to
Venezuela's Bolivarian Military Aviation 13 March 2010, with no U.S.-controlled parts. Total order 18 aircraft (+ 40 announced). 16 delivered to
1521:
454:
jet engine with 16.9 kN of thrust, but this has been replaced by the WS-11, the
Chinese-manufactured version of the AI-25TLK. Export variants (K-8P, K-8E) use the lower-thrust (15.6 kN)
551:. Both pilots ejected safely.The air force stated the aircraft suffered a technical problem, while an insurgent group, in conflict with the Myanmar junta, reported it had shot down the jet.
219:), heading a team of over 100 Chinese Engineers, while Air Cdr Muhammad Younas Tbt (M), SI(M) was the chief designer from the Pakistani side leading a team of over 20 Pakistani engineers.
286:
In 2008 Venezuela announced the purchase of 18 K-8 aircraft. The K-8 has been marketed by China to the air forces of the
Philippines , and to Indonesia, as a replacement for Indonesia's
354:
control system, of irreversible servo-control type, is composed of a hydraulic booster, an artificial-feel device, a feel trim actuator and a rigid push-rod transmission mechanism. The
483:(Lion Hearts) aerobatics team of the Pakistan Air Force in 2009 and carried out its first public display on 6 April 2010. K-8 replaced the team's previous T-37 Tweet aircraft.
226:
engine and several cockpit displays, and communication and avionics systems, but due to political developments and an embargo from the US at the end of the 1980s following the
271:
649:
system which can mimic the aerodynamic characteristics and flight profile of other aircraft. Used primarily to test aircraft designs before prototypes are built and tested.
374:
as possible. A transparent plastic canopy covering both cockpits, which are arranged in a tandem seating position, is supposed to give a good all-round field of view.
1537:
4003:
3843:
1798:
1518:
2921:
1293:
1982:
1676:
1654:
521:, Bolivia, killing a woman in her house around 9:30 local time during a training mission. Both crew members survived after ejecting from the aircraft.
458:-2A-2A modular turbofan, which has digital electronic engine control (DEEC), provided the US government approves sale of the engine to the customer.
178:
243:
After four prototypes were built, production of a small batch of 24 aircraft was launched in 1992. The Chinese share out of these was 18, while the
4028:
677:
Variant of JL-8 powered by the WS-11 turbofan (Ivchenko AI-25 TLK produced under license in China). Approximately 100 aircraft delivered to PLAAF.
4018:
1597:
4023:
274:(CATIC) for export markets other than Pakistan, while later aircraft for Pakistan have been built by the Aircraft Manufacturing Factory (AMF),
2611:
1909:
4008:
1987:
1480:
833:
2606:
1756:
3981:
3943:
912:
3974:
706:
Variant similar to JL-8W; for export to Bolivian Air Force, with no U.S.-controlled parts. Total order 6 aircraft (+ 12 announced).
2914:
2014:
1977:
1567:
1464:
1289:
562:
1702:
529:
3594:
2649:
2530:
2023:
388:(MFDs) in the front and rear cockpits showing information to the pilots. The emergency cockpit escape system is made up of two
4043:
1921:
827:
252:
1967:
4033:
186:
77:
381:
240:). Flight testing continued from 1991 to 1993 by a Flight Test Team consisting of four Chinese and two Pakistani pilots.
2323:
645:
An 'integrated flight test simulation aircraft' (IFTSA), equipped with an advanced flight control computer and analogue
3967:
3244:
2930:
2907:
1888:
665:
turbofan and featuring Chinese avionics suite. First flew in December 1994, 6 aircraft delivered to PLAAF in June 1998.
1940:
234:
was built in 1989, with the first flight taking place on 21 November 1990, piloted by Chief Test Pilot Col Yang Yao (
227:
3552:
1545:
466:
bladder-type rubber tanks and a wing integral tank of 1720 lb. The capacity of each drop tank is 250 litres.
247:(PAF) received six K-8s in 1994. In 1995, the PAF decided to order 75 more K-8s to gradually replace its fleet of
2627:
3813:
2372:
2539:
1253:
Up to 5 hardpoints (varies on variants), total capacity 1,000 kg (2,205 lb) external fuel and ordnance:
275:
182:
81:
17:
251:
basic trainers. In 2010, the number of K-8 aircraft in the PAF inventory was estimated to be around 40. The
3871:
1650:
761:
423:
210:
201:
and the People's Republic of China in 1986. The name was changed on the suggestion of Pakistan's President
3614:
3879:
3430:
3248:
3159:
2661:
2400:
2007:
1857:
4038:
2642:
2523:
2278:
1395:
350:
with a rigid push-rod transmission system, which itself is electrically or hydraulically operated. The
2947:
416:
222:
Initially, the aircraft was to have used many parts manufactured in the United States, including the
4013:
3477:
2303:
1129:
Pakistan Aeronautical Complex Kamra - Karakoram-8 (K-8) Aircraft, Jane's Aircraft Recognition Guide
500:
605:
3809:
3381:
3109:
3025:
2862:
2824:
2368:
2293:
1627:
662:
447:
419:(ILS) is also available. These systems can be tailored to meet the requirements of the customer.
408:
347:
339:
is of tricycle configuration, with hydraulically operated wheel brakes and nose-wheel steering.
3767:
3132:
3116:
2000:
1488:
412:
385:
72:
2995:
2635:
2554:
2516:
2068:
1088:
343:
3627:
3030:
2762:
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2298:
2150:
1044:
783:
691:
525:
400:
47:
3005:
8:
2590:
2585:
2508:
1180:
1115:
1000:
476:
435:
404:
355:
312:
259:. In 2008, the number of JL-8s in PLAAF inventory was estimated to be over 120 aircraft.
202:
3920:
3698:
2261:
1757:"Chinese Manufacturer Lifts DARPA Concept for New Fighter | Aviation Week Network"
1390:
1372:
1355:
1022:
978:
956:
889:
856:
805:
514:
304:
244:
197:
The JL-8 trainer was proposed as a joint cooperation effort between the governments of
107:
103:
3172:
3167:
3043:
1575:
1461:
3665:
3439:
1936:
1917:
1884:
1307:
1066:
934:
540:
496:
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to the cockpit. It is capable of operating when the aircraft is on the ground, under
270:
The export-variant K-8 Karakorum Basic Common Advanced Jet Trainer is co-produced by
264:
248:
174:
111:
41:
3688:
3607:
3600:
3331:
1962:
3749:
3571:
3505:
2985:
2938:
2559:
2426:
1415:
455:
446:
The JL-8, for the Chinese domestic market, was originally powered by the Ukrainian
431:
378:
63:
3490:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
2657:
1972:
3930:
3915:
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3010:
2698:
2395:
2385:
2358:
2283:
1992:
1525:
1468:
1400:
1376:
1342:
Targeting POD for laser guided bombs and air-to-ground missiles. NG Version only.
878:
544:
492:
371:
3894:
3861:
3856:
3557:
3541:
3485:
3462:
3420:
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223:
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2145:
2124:
2119:
2088:
2083:
2078:
1908:
1677:"Two Myanmar Junta Pilots Killed When Kayah Resistance Shot Down Fighter Jet"
1267:
57 mm unguided rocket pods, capacity 24 rounds (2 x pods with 12 rounds each)
630:
622:
393:
299:
99:
2899:
3925:
3884:
3851:
3780:
3723:
3713:
3584:
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3389:
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2181:
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2160:
2114:
2093:
2073:
2063:
2053:
2043:
2038:
1303:
728:
626:
427:
389:
370:
The JL-8 / K-8 cockpit arrangement is designed to be as close to that of a
336:
256:
588:
Egyptian Air Force K-8E on display at the 2015 Malta International Airshow
584:
3795:
3790:
3775:
3733:
3718:
3708:
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3530:
3524:
3518:
3513:
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2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2058:
2048:
1380:
1360:
646:
548:
528:(AviaciĆ³n Militar Bolivariana AMB) K-8W with tail number 2702 crashed at
3785:
3756:
3728:
3683:
3656:
3414:
3207:
2328:
2318:
2288:
2222:
2140:
1879:
Gething, Gunter Endres, Michael J.; Endres, Gunter (4 September 2007).
776:
3673:
3337:
2308:
1435:
1319:
1037:
993:
325:
279:
231:
206:
1988:
JL-8 Trainer photos and intro, AirForceWorld.com(Simplified Chinese)
3955:* = Under development or official military designation not revealed
3833:
3738:
1385:
1183:
1108:
1081:
971:
480:
463:
451:
329:
287:
198:
1850:"Pakistan Aeronautical Complex Kamra - Karakoram-8 (K-8) Aircraft"
1530:
3266:
1574:. PAF Bombing Range, Thal, Pakistan. 7 April 2010. Archived from
1430:
949:
927:
798:
351:
1473:
328:
design primarily constructed of aluminum alloys, the JL-8 / K-8
3186:
1425:
1405:
1059:
754:
518:
359:
272:
China National Aero-Technology Import & Export Corporation
3048:
2658:
2497:
1849:
1838:. International Institute for Strategic Studies. p. 254.
1824:. International Institute for Strategic Studies. p. 255.
1285:
1015:
871:
849:
820:
533:
517:(FAB) K-8VB with tail number FAB-663 crashed into a house in
332:
structure is designed for an 8,000 flight hour service life.
1957:
1878:
407:(VHF) radio communication systems are present, along with a
2487:
2477:
2472:
1337:
1277:
1273:
905:
2538:
884:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1598:"PAF's firepower demo marks precise hit at enemy targets"
491:
In late December 2012 and early January 2013, during the
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1620:"Myanmar jets used against Kachin rebels (raw footage)"
1763:
1247:
1Ć 23 mm cannon pod (mounted on centreline hardpoint)
319:
1462:
K-8 (JL-8, L-11) Basic Jet Trainer - SinoDefence.com
1538:"AirForceWorld.com JL8 Trainer Jet rocket practice"
1367:
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
2022:
1958:K-8 on Pakistan Aeronautical Complex (PAC) website
1797:
1519:DAWN.com | Bolivia buys six Pakistan-made aircraft
267:or even air combat role when appropriately armed.
362:control systems are of reversible push-rod type.
179:China Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation
3995:
1600:. Thal, Pakistan: OnePakistan.com. 7 April 2010
1568:"PAF's High Mark exercise enters second phase"
438:of -40 to +52 Ā°C, as well as in the air.
4004:1990s international military trainer aircraft
2929:
2915:
2643:
2524:
2008:
1910:International Institute for Strategic Studies
1872:
1455:
1213:2,250 km (1,400 mi, 1,210 nmi)
1186:engine, 16.01 kN (3,600 lbf) thrust
621:Pakistan-specific variant with new avionics,
441:
235:
214:
1935:. NY: Barnes & Noble. pp. 391ā392.
732:Main operating countries of the Chinese K-8
230:, other suppliers had to be used. The first
1509:ANGKASA No.07 Edisi April 2007 (page 14-15)
1231:254.40 kg/m (52.11 lb/sq ft)
2922:
2908:
2650:
2636:
2531:
2517:
2015:
2001:
1930:
1703:"AsĆ serĆa la Aeronave que cayĆ³ en Sacaba"
1648:
1259:1Ć under-fuselage (23 mm cannon pod mount)
507:
173:for short, is a two-seat intermediate jet
3944:List of unmanned aerial vehicles of China
1669:
1651:"Myanmar airstrikes reopen ethnic wounds"
1322:mounted on outboard under-wing hardpoints
1318:2Ć 80 US gal (300 L) fuel
1201:800 km/h (500 mph, 430 kn)
316:have different powerplants and avionics.
1743:"Incident Hongdu K-8W, 11 November 2023"
1256:4Ć under-wing, capacity 250 kg each
883:
834:People's Liberation Army Naval Air Force
727:
604:
583:
298:
4029:1990s Chinese military trainer aircraft
1933:Encyclopedia of world military aircraft
1121:
365:
14:
4019:Pakistan Aeronautical Complex aircraft
3996:
1842:
913:Lao People's Liberation Army Air Force
661:PLAAF-specific variant powered by the
469:
177:and light attack aircraft designed by
27:Chinese/Pakistani jet trainer aircraft
2903:
2848:
2631:
2512:
1996:
1657:from the original on 15 February 2015
1630:from the original on 21 December 2021
1345:Passive Jamming POD. NG Version only.
187:Hongdu Aviation Industry Corporation
78:Hongdu Aviation Industry Corporation
4009:1990s international attack aircraft
1983:Karakorum-8 at PakistaniDefence.com
1729:"Incident Hongdu K-8W, 18 Jun 2022"
536:. Both occupants ejected to safety.
382:Electronic Flight Instrument System
24:
1860:from the original on 26 April 2019
1155:9.63 m (31 ft 7 in)
1149:11.6 m (38 ft 1 in)
828:People's Liberation Army Air Force
320:Airframe and flight control system
253:People's Liberation Army Air Force
25:
4055:
4024:ChinaāPakistan military relations
1973:K-8 Karakorum at Aerospaceweb.org
1951:
1931:Donald, David; Lake, Jon (2000).
1881:Jane's aircraft recognition guide
1161:4.1 m (13 ft 5 in)
228:Tiananmen Square protests of 1989
1101:
1074:
1052:
1030:
1008:
986:
964:
942:
920:
898:
864:
842:
813:
791:
769:
747:
576:Original variant powered by the
185:. The primary contractor is the
40:
1828:
1814:
1749:
1735:
1721:
1695:
346:operates a set of conventional
1642:
1612:
1590:
1560:
1512:
1503:
1481:"K-8P trainer jet exportation"
1219:13,000 m (43,000 ft)
236:
192:
13:
1:
2540:Pakistan Aeronautical Complex
1978:JL-8 at Chinese Defence Today
1912:(2010). Hacket, James (ed.).
1443:
1173:4,330 kg (9,546 lb)
1167:2,687 kg (5,924 lb)
276:Pakistan Aeronautical Complex
183:Pakistan Aeronautical Complex
82:Pakistan Aeronautical Complex
4044:Aircraft first flown in 1990
1968:K-8 Karakorum at PAF Falcons
1802:. Flightglobal Insight. 2022
762:National Air Force of Angola
723:
424:Environmental control system
7:
4034:Single-engined jet aircraft
2032:Fighter and attack aircraft
1349:
555:
10:
4060:
1916:. Oxfordshire: Routledge.
1396:Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet
1306:. 50 kg, 100 kg
740:
486:
442:Propulsion and fuel system
413:automatic direction finder
3952:
3903:
3870:
3842:
3821:
3808:
3766:
3697:
3664:
3655:
3570:
3504:
3476:
3438:
3429:
3380:
3352:
3243:
3185:
3158:
3131:
3024:
2946:
2937:
2931:Chinese military aircraft
2890:
2801:
2781:
2755:
2739:
2732:
2669:
2599:
2568:
2547:
2465:
2414:
2367:
2351:
2272:
2256:
2215:
2174:
2133:
2107:
2031:
2026:aircraft and aero engines
1914:The Military Balance 2010
1883:(5th ed.). Collins.
1836:The Military Balance 2021
1822:The Military Balance 2021
1302:200 kg, 250 kg
1094:
417:instrument landing system
294:
215:
147:
139:
131:
126:
118:
95:
87:
71:
59:
54:
39:
34:
2662:People's Liberation Army
1963:K-8 Karakorum at FAS.org
501:Kachin Independence Army
479:. It became part of the
1799:"World Air Forces 2022"
1467:28 October 2012 at the
1283:Air-to-ground missiles:
1134:General characteristics
712:K-8NG (Next Generation)
609:Pakistan Air Force K-8P
508:Accidents and incidents
448:Ivchenko-Progress AI-25
409:Tactical Air Navigation
392:MK-10L rocket-assisted
386:multi-function displays
384:(EFIS) is fitted, with
348:flight control surfaces
3961:= Retired or cancelled
2591:MFI-395 Super Mushshak
893:
737:
736:aircraft in the world.
694:, one crashed in 2018.
610:
589:
308:
3895:Shenyang Divine Eagle
2279:Advanced Heavy Lifter
1524:29 March 2010 at the
1089:Air Force of Zimbabwe
887:
731:
608:
587:
344:flight control system
311:The JL-8 / K-8 has a
302:
165:), also known as the
2892:Unknown/not assigned
2664:trainer designations
1271:Air-to-air missiles:
1122:Specifications (K-8)
1045:Venezuelan Air Force
784:Bangladesh Air Force
692:Bangladesh Air Force
539:11 November 2023: A
526:Venezuelan Air Force
499:were used to strike
436:ambient temperatures
401:Ultra high frequency
366:Cockpit and avionics
48:Bangladesh Air Force
2352:Ultralight aircraft
2216:Commercial aircraft
1181:Honeywell TFE731-2A
1171:Max takeoff weight:
1116:Tanzanian Air Force
1001:Sri Lanka Air Force
477:Pakistan Day Parade
470:Operational history
405:very high frequency
55:General information
3160:Electronic warfare
2175:Transport aircraft
1626:. 3 January 2013.
1548:on 9 February 2011
1391:CASA C-101 Aviojet
1373:Aero L-39 Albatros
1356:Trainer (aircraft)
1310:. NG Version only.
1296:. NG Version only.
1023:Sudanese Air Force
979:Pakistan Air Force
957:Namibian Air Force
894:
890:Bolivian Air Force
857:Egyptian Air Force
806:Bolivian Air Force
738:
663:Ivchenko AI-25 TLK
611:
590:
515:Bolivian Air Force
309:
305:Bolivian Air Force
245:Pakistan Air Force
108:Egyptian Air Force
104:Pakistan Air Force
4039:Low-wing aircraft
3991:
3990:
3975:Military aircraft
3939:
3938:
3804:
3803:
3566:
3565:
3181:
3180:
2897:
2896:
2886:
2885:
2797:
2796:
2625:
2624:
2506:
2505:
1923:978-1-85743-557-3
1542:AirForceWorld.com
1485:AirForceWorld.com
1308:Laser guided bomb
1294:YJ-9E (Anti ship)
1067:Zambian Air Force
935:Myanmar Air Force
647:fly-by-wire (FBW)
578:Garrett TFE731-2A
565:
541:Myanmar Air Force
513:24 March 2021: A
497:Myanmar Air Force
265:close air support
249:Cessna T-37 Tweet
155:
154:
143:21 September 1994
140:Introduction date
112:Myanmar Air Force
16:(Redirected from
4051:
3819:
3818:
3662:
3661:
3436:
3435:
2944:
2943:
2924:
2917:
2910:
2901:
2900:
2846:
2845:
2737:
2736:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2652:
2645:
2638:
2629:
2628:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2510:
2509:
2257:Civilian airship
2017:
2010:
2003:
1994:
1993:
1946:
1927:
1895:
1894:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1801:
1794:
1761:
1760:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1649:Bertil Lintner.
1646:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1544:. Archived from
1534:
1528:
1516:
1510:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1487:. Archived from
1477:
1471:
1459:
1416:Aermacchi MB-339
1332:
1239:
1217:Service ceiling:
1194:
1136:
1107:
1105:
1104:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1014:
1012:
1011:
992:
990:
989:
970:
968:
967:
948:
946:
945:
926:
924:
923:
904:
902:
901:
870:
868:
867:
848:
846:
845:
819:
817:
816:
797:
795:
794:
775:
773:
772:
753:
751:
750:
580:turbofan engine.
560:
532:in the state of
524:18 June 2022: A
456:Honeywell TFE731
432:air conditioning
379:Rockwell Collins
239:
238:
218:
217:
151:21 November 1990
44:
32:
31:
21:
4059:
4058:
4054:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4014:Hongdu aircraft
3994:
3993:
3992:
3987:
3948:
3935:
3899:
3866:
3838:
3800:
3762:
3700:
3693:
3651:
3562:
3500:
3478:Maritime Patrol
3472:
3425:
3376:
3348:
3239:
3177:
3154:
3127:
3028:
3026:Air superiority
3020:
2950:
2933:
2928:
2898:
2893:
2882:
2844:
2803:
2793:
2777:
2751:
2728:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2671:
2665:
2656:
2626:
2621:
2595:
2586:MFI-17 Mushshak
2564:
2543:
2537:
2507:
2502:
2461:
2410:
2363:
2347:
2268:
2252:
2211:
2170:
2129:
2103:
2027:
2021:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1924:
1899:
1898:
1891:
1877:
1873:
1863:
1861:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1805:
1803:
1796:
1795:
1764:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1727:
1726:
1722:
1712:
1710:
1709:. 24 March 2021
1701:
1700:
1696:
1686:
1684:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1660:
1658:
1647:
1643:
1633:
1631:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1603:
1601:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1581:
1579:
1578:on 14 June 2011
1566:
1565:
1561:
1551:
1549:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1526:Wayback Machine
1517:
1513:
1508:
1504:
1494:
1492:
1491:on 3 March 2011
1479:
1478:
1474:
1469:Wayback Machine
1460:
1456:
1446:
1401:G-4 Super Galeb
1377:Aero L-159 Alca
1352:
1333:
1328:
1240:
1235:
1190:
1132:
1124:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1075:
1073:
1053:
1051:
1031:
1029:
1009:
1007:
987:
985:
965:
963:
943:
941:
921:
919:
899:
897:
879:Ghana Air Force
865:
863:
843:
841:
814:
812:
792:
790:
770:
768:
748:
746:
743:
726:
563:SinoDefence.com
558:
545:Hpruso Township
543:jet crashed in
510:
493:Kachin conflict
489:
472:
444:
372:combat aircraft
368:
322:
297:
195:
114:
110:
106:
80:
66:
50:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4057:
4047:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3985:
3978:
3971:
3962:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3946:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3907:
3905:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3876:
3874:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3862:Tengden TB-001
3859:
3857:Harbin BZK-005
3854:
3848:
3846:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3825:
3823:
3816:
3806:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3772:
3770:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3753:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3705:
3703:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3670:
3668:
3659:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3649:
3642:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3618:
3611:
3604:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3576:
3574:
3568:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3521:
3516:
3510:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3482:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3444:
3442:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3392:
3386:
3384:
3382:Reconnaissance
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3358:
3356:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3341:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3253:
3251:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3230:
3223:
3216:
3211:
3204:
3197:
3191:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3170:
3164:
3162:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3152:
3145:
3137:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3075:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3035:
3033:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2957:
2955:
2941:
2935:
2934:
2927:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2904:
2895:
2894:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2821:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2807:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2743:
2741:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2675:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2655:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2632:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2551:
2549:
2545:
2544:
2536:
2535:
2528:
2521:
2513:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
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2475:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
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2429:
2424:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2377:
2375:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
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2286:
2281:
2276:
2274:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2028:
2020:
2019:
2012:
2005:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1953:
1952:External links
1950:
1948:
1947:
1941:
1928:
1922:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1890:978-0061346194
1889:
1871:
1854:www.pac.org.pk
1841:
1827:
1813:
1762:
1748:
1734:
1720:
1694:
1683:. 29 July 2023
1668:
1641:
1611:
1589:
1572:Pakistan Times
1559:
1529:
1511:
1502:
1472:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1421:Mitsubishi T-2
1418:
1413:
1411:PZL I-22 Iryda
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1364:
1363:
1358:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1326:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1311:
1297:
1280:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1248:
1233:
1232:
1226:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1205:Maximum speed:
1202:
1199:Maximum speed:
1188:
1187:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1150:
1144:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1096:
1093:
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882:
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831:
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787:
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764:
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757:
742:
739:
725:
722:
721:
720:
715:
714:
708:
707:
703:
702:
700:JL-8VB (K-8VB)
696:
695:
686:
685:
679:
678:
674:
673:
667:
666:
658:
657:
651:
650:
642:
641:
635:
634:
631:ejection seats
618:
617:
603:
602:
597:
596:
582:
581:
573:
572:
557:
554:
553:
552:
537:
522:
509:
506:
495:, K-8s of the
488:
485:
471:
468:
443:
440:
394:ejection seats
367:
364:
321:
318:
296:
293:
224:Garrett TFE731
194:
191:
153:
152:
149:
145:
144:
141:
137:
136:
133:
129:
128:
124:
123:
120:
116:
115:
102:
97:
93:
92:
89:
85:
84:
75:
69:
68:
61:
57:
56:
52:
51:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4056:
4045:
4042:
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4037:
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4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4001:
3999:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3977:
3976:
3972:
3970:
3969:
3964:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
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3945:
3942:
3941:
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3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3902:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3873:
3869:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3835:
3832:
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3827:
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3817:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
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3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3759:
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3754:
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3751:
3747:
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3742:
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3735:
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3707:
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3602:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
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3578:
3577:
3575:
3573:
3569:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3543:
3539:
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3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
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3405:
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3333:
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3328:
3325:
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3310:
3308:
3305:
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3300:
3298:
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3288:
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3278:
3275:
3273:
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3258:
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3250:
3246:
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3161:
3157:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3133:Ground attack
3130:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3118:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3098:
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3017:
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3009:
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3004:
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2999:
2997:
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2598:
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2589:
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2584:
2582:
2581:MFI-15 Safari
2579:
2577:
2576:K-8 Karakorum
2574:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2555:JF-17 Thunder
2553:
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2025:
2018:
2013:
2011:
2006:
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1999:
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1995:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
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1966:
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1956:
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1942:0-7607-2208-0
1938:
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1907:
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1892:
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1681:The Irrawaddy
1678:
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1304:unguided bomb
1301:
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1238:
1230:
1229:Wing loading:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1165:Empty weight:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1130:
1128:
1117:
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1110:
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1072:
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936:
933:
932:
929:
918:
917:
914:
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896:
895:
891:
888:A K-8 of the
886:
880:
877:
876:
873:
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861:
858:
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854:
851:
840:
839:
835:
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719:capabilities.
717:
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632:
628:
624:
623:glass cockpit
620:
619:
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598:
595:
592:
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586:
579:
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574:
571:
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566:
564:
550:
549:Karenni State
546:
542:
538:
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531:
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511:
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498:
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363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
340:
338:
333:
331:
327:
317:
314:
306:
303:A K-8 of the
301:
292:
289:
284:
281:
277:
273:
268:
266:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
241:
233:
229:
225:
220:
212:
208:
204:
200:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
163:Nanchang JL-8
160:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
100:PLA Air Force
98:
96:Primary users
94:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
74:
70:
65:
62:
58:
53:
49:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
18:K-8 Karakorum
3980:
3973:
3965:
3958:
3852:CASC Rainbow
3755:
3748:
3644:
3637:
3620:
3613:
3606:
3599:
3589:
3540:
3523:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3336:
3232:
3225:
3218:
3206:
3199:
3147:
3140:
3115:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3077:
3065:
3058:
2804:designations
2767:
2713:
2575:
2155:
1932:
1913:
1902:Bibliography
1880:
1874:
1862:. Retrieved
1853:
1844:
1835:
1830:
1821:
1816:
1804:. Retrieved
1751:
1737:
1723:
1711:. Retrieved
1706:
1697:
1685:. Retrieved
1680:
1671:
1659:. Retrieved
1644:
1632:. Retrieved
1623:
1614:
1602:. Retrieved
1592:
1580:. Retrieved
1576:the original
1571:
1562:
1550:. Retrieved
1546:the original
1541:
1532:
1514:
1505:
1493:. Retrieved
1489:the original
1484:
1475:
1457:
1440:
1366:
1365:
1329:
1327:
1313:
1299:
1282:
1270:
1264:
1250:
1244:
1236:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1191:
1189:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1158:
1152:
1146:
1140:
1133:
1131:
1126:
1125:
733:
711:
699:
683:JL-8W (K-8W)
682:
670:
654:
638:
627:Martin-Baker
614:
593:
569:
559:
530:Los Cortijos
490:
473:
460:
445:
428:AlliedSignal
421:
411:(TACAN) and
399:
390:Martin-Baker
376:
369:
341:
337:landing gear
334:
323:
310:
285:
269:
261:
257:Chengdu JJ-5
242:
221:
196:
170:
166:
162:
158:
156:
148:First flight
135:1990-present
132:Manufactured
119:Number built
73:Manufacturer
67:Light attack
29:
3834:CASIC Blade
3701:and utility
3657:Helicopters
3272:Y-9JZ ELINT
3031:interceptor
2961:FC-31(F-60)
2273:Helicopters
1707:Los Tiempos
1495:5 September
1381:Aero L-39NG
1361:Jet trainer
1251:Hardpoints:
1192:Performance
1177:Powerplant:
734:"Karakorum"
601:thereafter.
561:Data from:
426:(ECS) from
422:A strap-on
324:A low-wing
193:Development
167:Karakorum-8
159:Hongdu JL-8
91:Operational
64:Jet trainer
46:K-8 of the
3998:Categories
3959:Italicized
3931:Dark Sword
2396:Wing Loong
2386:Dark Sword
2359:Lucky Bird
1661:4 February
1634:4 February
1444:References
1320:drop-tanks
1225:+7.33 -3.0
777:Bangladesh
629:Zero-Zero
415:(ADF). An
403:(UHF) and
313:multi-role
280:hardpoints
203:Zia ul Haq
3699:Transport
3440:Strategic
3431:Transport
3338:KJ-1 AEWC
3332:Y-7 AWACS
3245:AEW&C
2948:Multirole
2672:(Trainer)
1806:5 January
1436:AIDC AT-3
1223:g limits:
1207:Mach 0.75
1153:Wingspan:
1127:Data from
1038:Venezuela
994:Sri Lanka
724:Operators
430:provides
326:monoplane
232:prototype
207:Karakoram
3968:Aircraft
3822:Tactical
3572:Trainers
3506:Tactical
3011:Su-30MKK
3006:Su-30MK2
2939:Fighters
2789:FTC-2000
2670:JiĆ o "J"
2617:ES Falco
2569:Trainers
2560:Sabre II
2548:Fighters
2542:aircraft
2466:Missiles
2422:CJ-1000A
2134:Trainers
1858:Archived
1713:24 March
1655:Archived
1628:Archived
1522:Archived
1465:Archived
1386:BAE Hawk
1350:See also
1330:Avionics
1265:Rockets:
1237:Armament
1184:turbofan
1109:Tanzania
1082:Zimbabwe
972:Pakistan
556:Variants
481:Sherdils
464:fuselage
452:turbofan
356:elevator
330:airframe
288:BAE Hawk
211:Shi Ping
199:Pakistan
35:JL-8/K-8
3966:Lists:
3421:Tu-154M
3354:Tankers
3267:KJ-2000
3187:Bombers
2802:Related
2659:Chinese
2612:Ababeel
2415:Engines
2381:BZK-005
2108:Bombers
1687:31 July
1624:YouTube
1604:7 April
1582:7 April
1431:Yak-130
1314:Others:
1159:Height:
1147:Length:
950:Namibia
928:Myanmar
799:Bolivia
741:Current
487:Myanmar
352:aileron
175:trainer
127:History
3904:Combat
3744:Mi-171
3666:Attack
3646:Yak-11
3558:Tu-154
3553:CL 601
3486:KQ-200
3327:KJ-200
3292:Y-8GX3
3262:KJ-500
3257:KJ-600
3016:Su-35S
2953:strike
2849:Export
2733:Export
2304:HC-120
2299:CA-109
1939:
1920:
1887:
1864:6 July
1552:3 June
1426:MiG-AT
1406:IAR 99
1300:Bombs:
1211:Range:
1106:
1095:Former
1079:
1060:Zambia
1057:
1035:
1013:
991:
969:
947:
925:
903:
869:
847:
818:
796:
774:
755:Angola
752:
519:Sacaba
360:rudder
295:Design
88:Status
3926:GJ-11
3890:WZ-10
3814:UCAVs
3796:Ka-28
3781:Z-18F
3776:Z-20F
3689:Z-11W
3580:JL-10
3491:Y-8EX
3463:Il-76
3372:Il-78
3362:YY-20
3344:An-30
3317:ZDK03
3312:Y-8EW
3297:Y-8JB
3282:Y-8DZ
3277:Y-8CB
3227:Tu-14
3173:J-15D
3168:J-16D
3123:Su-27
3117:MiG-9
3049:J-10B
3044:J-11D
2986:J-11B
2981:J-10B
2818:HYJ-7
2782:"FTC"
2724:JL-10
2498:PL-12
2493:PL-10
2457:WS-15
2452:WS-19
2447:WS-13
2442:WS-11
2437:WS-20
2432:WS-10
2406:WZ-10
2391:GJ-11
2373:UCAVs
2314:WZ-19
2309:WZ-10
2294:AC352
2289:AC332
2284:AC313
2262:AS700
2243:MA700
2238:MA600
2228:ARJ21
2223:AG600
2166:JL-10
2141:AG100
2099:FC-31
2069:JF-17
1449:Notes
1290:TL-20
1286:TL-10
1245:Guns:
1141:Crew:
1016:Sudan
872:Ghana
850:Egypt
830:- 350
821:China
639:K-8V
534:Zulia
3982:UAVs
3921:GJ-2
3916:GJ-1
3911:BA-5
3885:WZ-8
3880:WZ-7
3872:HALE
3844:MALE
3829:WZ-6
3812:and
3810:UAVs
3786:Z-9C
3739:Mi-8
3724:Z-11
3719:Z-15
3714:Z-18
3709:Z-20
3684:Z-9W
3679:Z-19
3674:Z-10
3639:CJ-5
3633:CJ-6
3628:CJ-7
3622:JJ-1
3615:JJ-2
3608:JJ-5
3601:JJ-6
3595:JJ-7
3590:JL-8
3585:JL-9
3525:Y-11
3519:Y-12
3496:SH-5
3448:Y-20
3415:HZ-5
3408:JZ-5
3401:JZ-6
3395:JZ-7
3390:JZ-8
3367:HY-6
3322:Y-8J
3307:Y-8W
3302:Y-8T
3287:Y-8G
3247:and
3234:Tu-2
3195:H-20
3073:J-11
3067:J-12
3060:J-13
3054:J-15
3039:J-20
3029:and
3001:JH-7
2996:FC-1
2991:J-10
2976:J-16
2971:J-15
2966:J-20
2951:and
2878:FT-7
2873:FT-6
2868:FT-5
2863:FT-2
2856:BT-5
2840:JJ-7
2835:JJ-6
2830:JJ-5
2825:JJ-2
2811:HJ-5
2773:L-15
2768:L-11
2719:JL-9
2714:JL-8
2709:CJ-7
2704:CJ-6
2699:CJ-5
2679:JJ-1
2607:Baaz
2600:UAVs
2488:PL-9
2483:PL-8
2478:PL-5
2473:PL-2
2427:WS-9
2401:WZ-7
2371:and
2369:UAVs
2344:Z-20
2339:Z-18
2334:Z-11
2248:Y-12
2233:MA60
2207:Y-20
2202:Y-12
2197:Y-11
2161:JL-9
2156:JL-8
2151:CJ-7
2146:CJ-6
2125:H-20
2120:JH-7
2094:J-20
2089:J-16
2084:J-15
2079:J-11
2064:J-10
2024:AVIC
1937:ISBN
1918:ISBN
1885:ISBN
1866:2019
1808:2022
1715:2021
1689:2023
1663:2015
1636:2015
1606:2010
1584:2010
1554:2011
1497:2011
1338:EFIS
1278:PL-7
1274:PL-5
1179:1 Ć
906:Laos
836:- 16
671:L-11
655:JL-8
625:and
615:K-8P
594:K-8E
450:TLK
358:and
342:The
335:The
181:and
157:The
122:500+
60:Type
3791:Z-8
3768:ASW
3757:Z-5
3750:Z-6
3734:Z-8
3729:Z-9
3548:Y-5
3542:Y-6
3536:Y-7
3531:Y-8
3514:Y-9
3468:Y-7
3458:Y-8
3453:Y-9
3220:H-5
3214:H-6
3208:H-7
3201:H-8
3149:Q-6
3142:Q-5
3110:J-2
3103:J-5
3096:J-6
3090:J-7
3085:J-8
3079:J-9
2763:L-7
2756:"L"
2747:T-6
2740:"T"
2694:J-4
2689:J-3
2684:J-2
2329:Z-9
2324:Z-8
2319:Z-5
2192:Y-9
2187:Y-8
2182:Y-7
2115:H-6
2074:Q-5
2059:J-9
2054:J-8
2049:J-7
2044:J-6
2039:J-5
570:K-8
205:to
171:K-8
169:or
4000::
3249:EW
1856:.
1852:.
1765:^
1705:.
1679:.
1653:.
1622:.
1570:.
1540:.
1483:.
1379:/
1375:/
1292:,
1288:,
1276:,
547:,
377:A
237:ęØč
216:ē³å±
189:.
2923:e
2916:t
2909:v
2651:e
2644:t
2637:v
2532:e
2525:t
2518:v
2016:e
2009:t
2002:v
1945:.
1926:.
1893:.
1868:.
1810:.
1759:.
1745:.
1731:.
1717:.
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