64:"Pantulu Ramasamy Naicker authored the first modern arithmetic textbook in Tamil, called the “Kanita Teepikai”, sponsored by the company state, in the year 1825. Interestingly, in his ‘payiram’ to the textbook, he justifies the use of both ‘Aryan language’ and “a bit of kotuntamil” for the sake of “understanding of all”. Ramasamy, one can see, had taken great pains to introduce the notation for zero in Tamil as “0”, which directly brought him to the issue of explaining the concept of place value in numbers. When he had to introduce the concept that the value of a number increases by factors of ten on the left, but decreases when it proceeds to the right, his plea to the reader is to follow the rule as it is a ‘decision of God’."
55:
in
December 2011: "The convention of using symbols for 10, 100, and 1000 in expressing the higher numerals was current in Tamil Nadu until the advent of printing and the adoption of the international form of Indian numerals with place-value system." Senthi Babu D, a historian and researcher attached
833:
798:
188:
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1342:
231:
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857:
752:
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1279:
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990:
36:. It is the first Tamil book on mathematics ever to be printed and it is the first Tamil book ever to introduce the symbol for
1512:
1507:
1231:
932:
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1322:
162:
975:
485:
224:
177:(Chapter in "Negotiating with the Past: Classical Tamil in Contemporary Tamil" edited by M. Kannan and Carlos Mena)
1730:
1674:
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1431:
1071:
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575:
329:
1517:
369:
248:
1016:
950:
1725:
1548:
1307:
970:
955:
217:
134:
80:
1689:
1527:
465:
1694:
1151:
475:
1532:
1436:
1164:
1116:
1066:
765:
631:
480:
1740:
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1658:
1332:
1009:
891:
773:
364:
1735:
1421:
1226:
912:
839:
652:
1452:
1159:
1121:
769:
761:
263:
1475:
1297:
108:
1274:
1169:
851:
562:
530:
51:, a well known Indian epigraphist, and M. V. Bhaskar noted thus in an article published in
44:
8:
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1358:
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886:
694:
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1470:
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624:
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268:
103:
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1337:
638:
520:
490:
460:
74:
603:
374:
1704:
1627:
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1185:
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384:
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344:
1611:
1378:
1032:
816:
736:
673:
596:
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429:
273:
29:
1426:
324:
32:
book authored by Paṇṭala Rāmasvāmi Nāykkar and published in 1825 dealing with
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319:
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1573:
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863:
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1302:
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1653:
1411:
1368:
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1046:
687:
349:
309:
209:
186:
52:
1416:
1485:
470:
434:
414:
1388:
1001:
288:
41:
536:
Shanti Swarup
Bhatnagar Prize recipients in Mathematical Science
1383:
278:
1363:
73:
The full text of the book is available for free download in
1583:
1206:
37:
737:
Infinite series expansions for the trigonometric functions
187:
Iravatham
Mahadevan and M. V. Bhaskar (29 December 2011).
132:
164:
Science and the Tamil
Society: Issues for consideration
986:
Ramanujan
Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics
731:
167:. French Institute of Pondicherry. pp. 321–336
1717:
78:
1017:
225:
47:or positional notation using Tamil numerals.
160:
1024:
1010:
753:Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics
232:
218:
189:"Ancient numbers in the land of Ramanujan"
156:
154:
1280:Commentaries in Tamil literary tradition
981:Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education
1718:
239:
151:
1232:World Classical Tamil Conference 2010
1005:
213:
126:
180:
18:Tamil language book about Arithmetic
506:Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai
13:
1031:
966:Institute of Mathematical Sciences
133:Pantala Ramasvami Naykkar (1825).
14:
1752:
1695:Ancient manuscript digitalisation
976:Harish-Chandra Research Institute
486:K. R. Parthasarathy (probabilist)
1675:Standardisation of Tamil script
961:Chennai Mathematical Institute
330:Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri
139:. Madras: Vepery Mission Press
85:. Madras: Vepery Mission Press
1:
119:
951:Indian Statistical Institute
68:
7:
1549:Megalithic graffiti symbols
1308:Nālāyira Tivviya Pirapantam
971:Indian Institute of Science
956:Bhaskaracharya Pratishthana
834:A. A. Krishnaswamy Ayyangar
799:Shankar Balakrishna Dikshit
726:Hindu–Arabic numeral system
97:
56:to the French Institute of
10:
1757:
1690:Printing in Tamil language
466:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
1667:
1646:
1620:
1592:
1541:
1498:
1461:
1445:
1402:
1351:
1288:
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1219:
1194:
1178:
1150:
1109:
1102:
1039:
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783:
745:
711:
548:
476:Veeravalli S. Varadarajan
443:
302:
256:
247:
82:Pantala Ramasvami Naykkar
1437:Tamil Lexicon dictionary
1117:Bangalore Tamil dialects
892:Henry Thomas Colebrooke
481:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
40:and also to discuss the
1685:Simplified Tamil script
1333:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam
365:Mādhava of Saṅgamagrāma
79:Kanita Dipikai (1825).
1731:History of mathematics
1422:Purapporul Venbamaalai
1227:World Tamil Conference
1453:Yāḻpāna Vaipava Mālai
1122:Central Tamil dialect
1072:Proto-South Dravidian
576:Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta
161:Senthil Babu (2006).
1518:Indo-Aryan languages
1343:Tamil Ganaptya texts
1275:List of Sangam poets
1220:Global organizations
852:T. A. Saraswati Amma
563:Bakhshali manuscript
531:Kannan Soundararajan
45:place value notation
1523:Dravidian languages
1323:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai
928:Islamic mathematics
887:Walter Eugene Clark
681:Vasishtha Siddhanta
653:Siddhānta Shiromani
632:Paitamaha Siddhanta
511:Tilak Raj Prabhakar
456:Satyendra Nath Bose
451:Srinivasa Ramanujan
405:Nilakantha Somayaji
49:Iravatham Mahadevan
1726:Indian mathematics
1680:Tanittamil Iyakkam
1633:Tamil onomatopoeia
1260:Tamil books of Law
420:Gangesha Upadhyaya
241:Indian mathematics
1713:
1712:
1700:Formation of CICT
1494:
1493:
1471:Asthana Kolahalam
1255:Sangam literature
1215:
1214:
999:
998:
805:Sudhakara Dvivedi
625:Paulisa Siddhanta
544:
543:
400:Jagannatha Samrat
395:Achyuta Pisharati
104:Asthana Kolahalam
1748:
1607:Tamil honorifics
1338:Vinayagar Agaval
1303:Kampa Irāmāyaṉam
1265:Five Great Epics
1245:
1244:
1107:
1106:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1003:
1002:
639:Romaka Siddhanta
521:Akshay Venkatesh
491:M. S. Narasimhan
461:P.C. Mahalanobis
254:
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75:Internet Archive
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1705:Project Madurai
1663:
1647:Transliteration
1642:
1628:Tamil phonology
1616:
1594:
1588:
1569:Pallava grantha
1537:
1501:other languages
1500:
1490:
1464:natural science
1463:
1462:Mathematics and
1457:
1441:
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1398:
1347:
1290:
1284:
1270:Ponniyin Selvan
1236:
1211:
1190:
1186:Malaysian Tamil
1179:Southeast Asian
1174:
1146:
1098:
1067:Proto-Dravidian
1035:
1030:
1000:
995:
943:
937:
901:
875:
846:C. T. Rajagopal
793:Bapudeva Sastri
785:
779:
741:
721:Brahmi numerals
713:
707:
667:Surya Siddhanta
540:
516:Manjul Bhargava
439:
298:
243:
238:
208:
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127:
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100:
88:
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19:
12:
11:
5:
1754:
1744:
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1741:Tamil language
1738:
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1615:
1614:
1612:Tamil numerals
1609:
1604:
1598:
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1586:
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1576:
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1496:
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1492:
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1483:
1481:Kaṇita Tīpikai
1478:
1476:Kaṇakkatikāram
1473:
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1458:
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1294:
1292:
1286:
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1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
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1234:
1229:
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1167:
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1129:
1124:
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1084:
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1069:
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1059:
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1037:
1036:
1033:Tamil language
1029:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1006:
997:
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983:
978:
973:
968:
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817:P. C. Sengupta
814:
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796:
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674:Tantrasamgraha
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597:Karanapaddhati
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583:Ganita Kaumudi
579:
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546:
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501:Harish-Chandra
498:
496:C. S. Seshadri
493:
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478:
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458:
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447:
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438:
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430:Sankara Variar
427:
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249:Mathematicians
245:
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206:
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179:
150:
136:Kanita Dipikai
124:
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118:
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116:
111:
109:Kaṇakkatikāram
106:
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70:
67:
66:
65:
22:Kaṇita Tīpikai
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1753:
1742:
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1736:Tamil culture
1734:
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1638:Tamil prosody
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1602:Tamil grammar
1600:
1599:
1597:
1591:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1579:Tamil Braille
1577:
1575:
1574:Modern script
1572:
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1203:
1202:Brahmin Tamil
1200:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1187:
1184:
1183:
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1177:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
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1153:
1149:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1137:Madurai Tamil
1135:
1133:
1132:Madras Bashai
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1087:Second Sangam
1085:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1077:Tamil Sangams
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
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1034:
1027:
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1008:
1007:
1004:
992:
989:
987:
984:
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906:Other regions
904:
898:
897:David Pingree
895:
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835:
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815:
812:
811:M. Rangacarya
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
794:
791:
790:
788:
784:Historians of
782:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
758:Jantar Mantar
756:
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375:Mahendra Sūri
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102:
101:
95:
84:
83:
76:
63:
62:
61:
60:, observes:
59:
54:
50:
46:
43:
39:
35:
31:
27:
26:Gaṇita Dīpika
23:
16:
1554:Tamil-Brahmi
1480:
1432:Caturakarāti
1405:dictionaries
1403:Grammars and
1298:Cīrappurānam
1142:Nellai Tamil
1092:Third Sangam
1082:First Sangam
1062:Manipravalam
1057:Modern Tamil
1052:Middle Tamil
944:institutions
864:K. S. Shukla
836:(1892– 1953)
702:Yavanajataka
700:
693:
686:
679:
672:
665:
660:Śulba Sūtras
658:
651:
646:Sadratnamala
644:
637:
630:
623:
616:
609:
602:
595:
590:Kanakkusaram
588:
581:
574:
567:
555:
425:Varāhamihira
390:Parameshvara
345:Govindasvāmi
315:Āryabhaṭa II
196:. Retrieved
192:
182:
169:. Retrieved
163:
141:. Retrieved
135:
128:
114:Kanakkusaram
87:. Retrieved
81:
72:
25:
21:
20:
15:
1427:Tolkāppiyam
1328:Thiruppugal
1127:Kongu Tamil
880:Translators
872:(1919–2005)
870:K. V. Sarma
866:(1918–2007)
860:(1918–1992)
854:(1918–2000)
848:(1903–1978)
842:(1901–1954)
840:A. N. Singh
825:(1888–1958)
823:B. B. Datta
819:(1876–1962)
813:(1861–1916)
807:(1855–1910)
801:(1853–1898)
795:(1821–1900)
786:mathematics
730:Symbol for
714:innovations
611:Lokavibhaga
557:Aryabhatiya
355:Jyeṣṭhadeva
340:Brahmagupta
325:Bhāskara II
310:Āryabhaṭa I
294:Yajnavalkya
58:Pondicherry
1720:Categories
1564:Vatteluttu
1291:literature
1289:Devotional
1241:Literature
1195:Sociolects
1165:Batticaloa
1152:Sri Lankan
829:T. Hayashi
712:Pioneering
695:Yuktibhāṣā
618:Pātīgaṇita
569:Bijaganita
526:Ravi Vakil
380:Munishvara
360:Kamalakara
335:Brahmadeva
320:Bhāskara I
269:Baudhayana
120:References
34:arithmetic
1621:Phonology
1593:Lexis and
1559:Koleḻuttu
1499:Tamil and
1412:Agattiyam
1369:Iraichchi
1318:Tirumurai
1313:Tēmpāvaṉi
1047:Old Tamil
858:S. N. Sen
766:New Delhi
688:Veṇvāroha
549:Treatises
350:Halayudha
303:Classical
274:Katyayana
264:Apastamba
193:The Hindu
69:Full text
53:The Hindu
1486:Yerambam
1248:Classics
1103:Dialects
774:Varanasi
732:zero (0)
604:Līlāvatī
471:C.R. Rao
435:Virasena
415:Sridhara
385:Narayana
370:Mahāvīra
98:See also
1595:grammar
1542:Scripts
1513:Sinhala
1508:English
1446:History
1389:Ullurai
1160:Negombo
1040:History
913:Babylon
746:Centres
410:Śrīpati
289:Pingala
257:Ancient
198:27 June
171:28 June
143:27 June
89:27 June
42:decimal
28:) is a
1668:Events
1533:Korean
1417:Nannūl
1384:Thinai
1352:Poetry
1170:Jaffna
1110:Indian
942:Modern
933:Europe
923:Greece
770:Ujjain
762:Jaipur
444:Modern
284:Pāṇini
279:Manava
1528:Malay
1379:Puram
1364:Venpa
1359:Kural
918:China
30:Tamil
1659:Moḻi
1584:Arwi
1374:Akam
1207:Arwi
991:TIFR
200:2024
173:2024
145:2024
91:2024
38:zero
1654:ISO
1394:Ulā
1722::
772:,
768:,
764:,
191:.
153:^
77::
1025:e
1018:t
1011:v
776:)
760:(
233:e
226:t
219:v
202:.
175:.
147:.
93:.
24:(
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