1041:
2564:
507:
1140:) from the royal family often helped the king in central administration at the royal capital. Some governed in the far off provinces. This experience not only provided future security and know-how for the king to be, but also kept administration controls within trusted family members. This is seen in the case of kings Shantivarma, Kakusthavarma and Krishnavarma. King Kakusthavarma had appointed his son Krishnavarma as viceroy of Triparvatha region. King Ravivarma's brothers Bhanu and Shivaratha governed over Halasi and Uchangi provinces respectively. Some regions continued to be under hereditary ruling families such as the Alupas, the Sendrakas, the Kekeyas and the Bhataris. While Banavasi was the nerve center of power, Halasi, Triparvata and Uchangi were important regional capitals. The kingdom was divided into provinces (
365:
1285:
2620:
main content of the inscriptions were in
Sanskrit, the boundary specifications of the land grant were in Kannada. In subsequent two centuries, not only do inscriptions become more numerous and longer in size, these inscriptions show a significant increase in the usage of Kannada, though the invocatory, the implicatory and the panegyric verses are in Sanskrit. Settar points out that there are inscriptions where the implicatory verses have been translated verbatim into Kannada also. In fact Kannada composed in verse meters start making their appearance in inscriptions even before being committed to literature.
2588:
2616:). In the early centuries of the first millennium, inscriptions in the Deccan were predominantly in the Prakrit language. Then came a slow change with records appearing in bilingual Sanskrit-Prakrit languages around the middle of the fourth century, where the genealogy information is in Sanskrit while the functional portion was in Prakrit. From around the fifth century, Prakrit fell out of use entirely and was replaced by the Dravidian languages. In the Kannada speaking regions in particular, the trend was to inscribe in Sanskrit entirely or in Sanskrit-Kannada.
1867:. However, from the seventh century onward, the growing popularity of Jainism and Buddhism became a cause for concern to the Hindu saints who saw the growth of these new faiths as heretic to mainstream Hinduism. This new found Hindu resurgence, especially in Tamil country, was characterized by public debates and enthusiastic rebuttals by itinerant saints. Their main purpose was to energize and revive Hindu Bhakti among the masses and bring back followers of sects considered primitive, such as the Kalamukhas, Kapalikas and Pasupatas, into mainstream Hinduism.
2062:"). These stones, the inscriptions and relief sculptures on them were meant to deify the fallen hero. According to Upendra Singh, The largest concentration of such stones, numbering about 2650 and dated to between the fifth and thirteenth centuries, are found in the modern Karnataka region of India. While most were dedicated to men, a few interesting ones are dedicated to women and pets. The Siddhenahalli, the Kembalu and the Shikaripura hero stones extol the qualities of women who died fighting cattle rustlers or enemies. The Gollarahatti and the
2576:
380:
6172:
2385:
59:
584:. According to R.N. Nandi, since the inscription states the family got its name by tending to the totem tree that bore the beautiful Kadamba flowers, it is an indication of their tribal origin. However the historians Sastri and Kamath claim the family belonged to the Brahmin caste, believed in the Vedas and performed Vedic sacrifices. According to the Talagunda and the Gudnapur inscriptions, they belonged to the
2393:
4899:
1060:, "Virtuous kings") and followed them closely in their administrative procedures. The kings were well read and some were even scholars and men of letters. Inscriptions describe the founding king Mayurasharma as "Vedangavaidya Sharada" ("master of the Vedas"), Vishnuvarma was known for his proficiency in grammar and logic, and Simhavarma was called "skilled in the art of learning".
885:(horse sacrifice). It is known that he possibly lost his life in battle with the Pallavas. According to the Hebbatta record his successor and son Vishnuvarma had to accept the suzerainty of the Pallavas despite showing initial allegiance to his uncle Santivarma ruling from Banavasi whom he described in an earlier record as "lord of the entire Karnata country". In
2092:, there is only a passing reference of widow being required to lie by the side of her husband's corpse on the funeral pyre, then alight from it before it was lit, for the chanting of hymns to commence that blessed her with future wealth and children. This was an indication that window remarriage was in vogue. Altekar points out that even the authors of the
2039:
which deema the marriage of a
Brahmin man to Kshatriya woman as unacceptable but that of a Kshatriya man to a Brahmin woman as acceptable. Thus a caste system was in play with all the three main religions of the times. However, Majumdar does point out the highly assimilate nature of the Hindu society where all the early invaders into India, such as the
1952:, Niravadya Pandita and Kumaradatta find mention in their inscriptions. Jainas occupied commanding posts of importance in their armies. According to Adiga, image worship, which was originally prohibited, was now popularized among the common man and the monks. This helped raise funds for the construction of Jain temples (
2636:
minted coins, some of which have
Kannada legends which provide additional numismatic evidence of their history. The Kadambas (along with their contemporary Ganga dynasty of Talakad) were the first rulers to use Kannada as an additional official administrative language, as evidenced by the Halmidi inscription of
2265:
with either partially digested food in their body or on a full stomach. Bathing with cold water after exercises was considered unhealthy. Medieval sculptures depict youth in physical combat training, doing gymnastics such as lifting the weight of the body with both hands, and doing muscular exercises
552:
claims that
Kadamba Rudra, the founder of the kingdom, was born in a forest of Kadamba trees. As he had "peacock feather"-like reflections on his limbs, he was called Mayuravarman. From the Talagunda inscription, one more legend informs that the founding king of the dynasty, Mayurasharma was anointed
2463:
Most of their extant constructions are seen in Halasi and surrounding areas with the oldest one ascribed to King
Mrigeshavarma. Other notable temples in Halasi include the Hattikesavara temple with perforated screens by the doors, the Kallesvara temple with octagonal pillars, the Bhuvaraha Narasimha
2312:
says "one who has made the vision of both of his mental and physical eyes steady can conquer even the god of death". An archers proficiency, which depended as much on his footwork as on his fingers and keen eyesight, was proven if he could hit bullseye by just looking down at the target's reflection
1767:, included its natural (or man made) bounding landmarks, layout of agricultural fields, repairs to existing and newly constructed water tanks, irrigation channels and streams, soil type and the crops grown. Repairs to tanks and construction of new ones was a preoccupation of elite, from kings to the
769:
for Vedic studies gives an indication that Vedic lore was quite rudimentary in the
Banavasi region at that time. The Gudnapur inscription which was discovered by epigraphist B.R. Gopal states that Mauryasharma, whose grandfather and preceptor was Veerasharma and his father was Bandhushena, developed
730:
and
Punnatas, two contemporary kingdoms who ruled as the northern and southern neighbors of Mayurasharma's Kadamba kingdom. The Talagunda inscription also confirms Mayurasharma was the progenitor of the kingdom. The inscription gives a graphic description of the happenings after the Kanchi incident:
2217:
cleansed the deceased husband of earthly sins and assured the couple a place in heaven caught on. Occasionally concubines, mothers, sisters, sisters-in-law and even ministers, servants and nurses joined in the act. This took its time to reach the Deccan (Kadamba territory) and the deep south (Tamil
1996:
The caste system was prevalent in the organized Hindu society with the
Brahmins and the Kshatriyas at the top. This had a deep impact on such socially important events as marriage. Even Jainism and Buddhism which initially found popularity by avoiding social hierarchy began to develop the trappings
1933:
The
Talagunda inscription starts with an invocation of the Hindu god Shiva while the Halmidi and Banavasi inscriptions start with an invocation of the god Vishnu. Madhukeshvara (a form of Shiva) was their family deity and numerous donations were made to the notable Madhukeshvara temple in Banavasi.
1771:, who claimed partial land ownership or a percentage of produce irrigated from the tank or both. Taxes were levied on newly irrigated lands, an indication the rulers actively encourage the conversion of dry land to cultivable wet land. An important distinction is made between types of landholdings:
760:
and Sastri opine that
Mayurasharma may have availed himself of the confusion in the south that was created by the invasion of Samudragupta who in his Allahabad inscription claims to have defeated Pallava King Vishnugopa of Kanchi. Taking advantage of the weakening of the Pallava power, Mayurasharma
2619:
The credit of the development of Kannada as a language of inscriptions between the fourth and sixth centuries goes to the Kadambas, the Gangas and the Badami Chalukyas. Among the early ones are the Halmidi stone inscription and the Tagare copper plates which are ascribed to the Kadambas. While the
2459:
which Adiga identifies with the protected monument, the Praneshvara temple at Talagunda. The Praneshvara temple bares inscriptions of Queen Prabhavati (of King Mrigeshavarma) from the late fifth century and of their son King Ravivarma. From these inscriptions, Adiga concludes the temple existed in
1020:
the Chalukyas who were vassals of the Kadambas and governed from Badami conquered the entire kingdom. The Kadambas thereafter became vassals of the Badami Chalukyas. In later centuries, the family fragmented into numerous minor branches and ruled from Goa, Halasi, Hangal, Vainad, Belur, Bankapura,
2038:
by placing the Kshatriya above the Brahmin. While the Brahminical literature points to a tradition that permitted a Brahmin man to marry a woman of Kshatriya caste, a Brahmin woman was not allowed to marry a non-Brahmin man. Just the contrary seems to be the case with Buddhist and Jain literature
2635:
are some of the important inscriptions that throw light on this ancient ruling family of Karnataka. Inscriptions of the Kadambas in Sanskrit and Kannada ascribed to Kadamba branches have been published by epigraphists Sircar, Desai, Gai and Rao of the Archaeological Survey of India. The Kadambas
2603:
According to the epigraphist D. C. Sircar, inscriptions have played a vital role in the re-construction of history of literature in India as well as the political history of the kingdoms during the early centuries of the first millennium. Some inscriptions mention names of noted contemporary and
986:
and successfully dealt with a rebelling successors of Shiva Mandhatri at Ucchangi. The Pallava king Chandadanda (another name for Pallava king Santivarman) also met the same fate according to Sathianathaier. Ravivarma left two of his brothers, Bhanuvarma and Shivaratha to govern from Halasi and
833:
From the Talagunda inscription it is known that he maintained marital relations with even such powerful ruling families as the imperial Guptas of the northern India. One of his daughters was married to King Madhava of the Ganga dynasty. According to the Desai one of his daughters was married to
2347:). Additional information is available in medieval sculptures which depict various archery scenes including one where a lady is taking aim from a chariot. Hunting was a favorite pass time of royalty in forest preserves. It served as entertainment, physical exercise and a test of endurance (
1622:
regions (the ancient divisions of Belvola-300, Puligere-300, Banavasi-12,000) mention cattle raids, cowherds and shepherds. The numerous hero stones to those who fought in cattle raids was an indication of not only lawlessness but also of the importance of herding. The mention of the terms
2066:
are in memory of a dog that died fighting wild boar, and the Tambur inscription of a Kadamba king of the Goa branch describes his death from sorrow of losing his pet parrot to a cat, and the Kuppatur stone was in memory of a bonded servant who was given the honorific "slayer of the enemy"
1948:. However, they were tolerant to other faiths. The Kadamba kings appear to have encouraged Jainism as well. Some records of King Mrigeshavarma indicate describe donations to Jain temples and that King Ravivarma held a Jain scholar in high esteem. Names of such noted Jain preceptors as
932:. Numerous inscriptions from his rule, starting from fifth up to the thirty-fifth regnal years give a vivid picture of his successes which was marked by a series of clashes within the family, and also against the Pallavas and the Gangas. He is credited with a victory against the
834:
Kumara Gupta's son Skanda Gupta (of the Gupta dynasty), and from Balaghat inscription of Vakataka king Prithvisena we know another daughter called Ajitabhattarika was married to the Vakataka prince Narendrasena. He maintained similar relations with the Bhatari vassal and the
797:). According to Jouveau-Dubreuil he was defeated by the King Prithvisena but managed to maintain his freedom. Majumdar feels Kangavarma battled with King Vidyasena of the Basin branch of the Vakataka kingdom with no permanent results. His son Bhageerath who came to power in
426:, and at later times showed the potential of developing into imperial proportions. An indication of their imperial ambitions is provided by the titles and epithets assumed by its rulers, and the marital relations they kept with other kingdoms and empires, such as the
654:("horse sacrifice"), a quarrel arose in which Mayurasharma was humiliated. Enraged, the Brahmin discontinued his studies, left Kanchi swearing vengeance on the Pallavas and took to arms. He collected a faithful group of followers, routed the Pallava armies and
1814:(c. 940). References to townships with specialized classes of people such as the diamond and cloth merchants and their shops, merchant guilds (corporate bodies), important temples of worship and religious hubs, palaces of the royalty, vassals and merchants (
1681:, they frequently depended on cattle thieving from outlying farms and the abduction of women. The Bedas subsisted by selling to merchants stolen cattle and such produce from the forest as meat, sandalwood and timber, and crops from disorganized agriculture.
1272:
which usually included an inscription extolling the virtues of the hero, the grant would be in the form of land. Such land grant could be as small as a plot, as large as several villages, or even a large geographical unit depending on the heroes status.
528:
There are several legends regarding the origin of the Kadambas. According to one such legend the originator of this dynasty was a three-eyed four-armed warrior called Trilochana Kadamba (the father of Mayurasharma) who emerged from the sweat of the god
2643:. The historian Kamath claims Kannada was the common language of the region during this time. While most of their inscriptions are in Sanskrit, three important Kannada inscriptions from the rule of the early Kadambas of Banavasi have been discovered.
970:) which showed his tolerance and encouragement of all faiths and religions. A Mahadeva temple constructed during his rule finds mention in a Greek writing of the period. According to the Gudnapur inscription, lesser rulers such as the Punnatas, the
1847:
ardent patronage to Hinduism in northern India and their aversion to other religions. According to Sastri, till about the fifth century, South India witnessed a harmonious growth of these religions and the sects related to them without hindrance.
2654:
indicating that a mint may have existed in Banavsi that produced coins with Kannada legends at that time. The discovery of the Talagunda Lion balustrade inscription at the Praneshvara temple during excavations in 2013, and its publication by the
2274:
occur often in literature indicating wrestling was a popular sport with the royalty and the commoners. Wrestlers of both genders existed, the woman fighters meant purely for the entertainment to a male audience. Several kings had titles such as
1121:). The Gavundas formed the elite land owners who were the intermediaries between the king and the farmers collecting taxes, maintaining revenue records and providing military support to the royal family. The army consisted of officers such as
2416:
style (sanctum with its superstructure) is a Kadamba invention. A good example of this construction is seen in the Shankaradeva temple at Kadarolli in the modern Belgaum district. The structures themselves were simplistic with a square
2359:
describes twenty one types of hunt including ambushing deer at waterholes with the hunting party dressed in green and concealed in the hollows of trees. It mentions a special breed of hunting dogs chosen from places such as the modern
2460:
the late fourth century. Further, according to Adiga, the pillar inscription supports the claim that the earliest structure existed there as early as the third century and was under the patronage of the Chutu Satakarnis of Banavasi.
2704:(KTCL).The royal lion emblem of the Kadambas is used a logo on its buses. The lion emblem logo became an integral part of KTCL since its inception in 1980 when the corporation was set up to provide better public transport service.
2659:
in 2016, has shed more light on the politics of language during the early Kadamba era. The bilingual inscription dated to 370 CE written in Sanskrit and Kannada is now thought to be the oldest inscription in the Kannada language.
2549:(hall with the sculpture of the Nandi the bull); the Madhukeshwara temple at Banavasi which shows several Later Chalukyas style additions over a pre-existing Early Chalukya surroundings; and the 12th century, three shrined (
906:
Santivarma's son Mrigeshavarma came to the throne and faced the Pallavas and Gangas with considerable success. The Halasi plates describes him the "destroyer of the eminent family of the Gangas" and the "destructive fire"
2671:("The festival of Kadamba") is a festival that is celebrated every year by the Government of Karnataka in honor of this kingdom. The creation of the first native Kannada kingdom is celebrated by a popular Kannada film,
1668:), seems to be the thing to do, for both the quantum of grain produced and number of cattle head determined opulence. There are several records that mention the donation of both gracing and cultivable land in units of
747:
Thus, according to Ramesh, in an act of righteous indignation was born the first native kingdom of Karnataka, and the Pallava King Skandavarman condescended to recognize the growing might of the Kadambas south of the
1177:
Apart from the various divisions and sub-divisions of the kingdom, there was a concept of urban settlement. The fifth-century Birur copper plate inscription of king Vishnuvarma describes Banavasi as "the ornament of
1983:
and Chutus may have patronized Buddhism, there is not much to say regarding the ruling Kadamba family, vast majority of whose inscriptions are Brahminical grants. In fact, according to Ray, the traces of Buddhist
1676:
to either those who fought cattle thieves or to their families. A nomadic way of life is not prevalent in most communities, with the exception of hill tribes called Bedas. A semi-nomadic community, according to
830:, under the rule of Kakusthavarma, the kingdom reached its pinnacle of success and the Talagunda record calls him the "ornament of the family". The Halasi and Halmidi inscriptions also hold him in high esteem.
506:
1997:
of a caste-based society. This particular feature was, according to Singh, a unique feature of Jainism in what is modern-day Karnataka during the early medieval period. Both the sects of Jainism, the
2299:, "wrestling fight"). Wrestlers were distinguished based on their body weight, age, skill, proficiency and stamina. Those who exemplified themselves were recognized and maintained on specific diets.
1582:
Inscriptions and literature are the main source of information about the economy and the factors that influenced it. According to Adiga, from studies conducted by historians and epigraphists such as
892:, his son Simhavarma came to power but maintained a low profile relationship with Banavasi. In the northern part of the kingdom (the Banavasi branch), Santivarma's brother Shiva Mandhatri ruled from
2563:
1818:), fortifications, courtesan streets, and grain merchants and their markets are a clear indication that these urban entities were the centers of administrative, religious and economic activity.
808:, "great Ocean") himself indicating he may have retrieved their losses against the Vakatakas. But contemporary though Vakataka inscriptions do not confirm this. His son Raghu died fighting the
608:
who succeeded them. According to Rao and Minahan, being native Kannadigas, the Kadambas promptly gave administrative and political importance to their language Kannada after coming to power.
871:
and let his younger brother Krishnavarma rule over the southern portion and deal with the Pallavas. The branch is called the Triparvata branch and ruled from either Devagiri in the modern
2472:) that connects the sanctum to the hall. All temples at Halasi have pillars with decorative capitals. The Kadamba style of tower was popular several centuries later and are seen in the
453:
and together they formed the earliest native kingdoms to rule the land with autonomy. From the mid-6th century the dynasty continued to rule as a vassal of larger Kannada empires, the
850:
and Sen feel the visit happened during the reign of Bhageerath. According to Sen, Kalidasa was sent by Chandragupta II Virakmaditya to conclude a marriage alliance with the Kadambas.
1963:
Grants were made to Buddhist centers as well. According to Kamath, the royal capital Banavasi had long been a place of Buddhist learning. In the seventh century, the Chinese embassy
1006:
according to the Sangolli inscription. According to the Bannahalli plates, Harivarma was killed by a resurgent Krishnavarma II (son of Simhavarma) of the Triparvata branch around
879:. Majumdar considers Krishnavarma's rule as somewhat obscure due to lack of his inscriptions though the records issued by his sons credit him with efficient administration and an
1186:" (toll collection centers) indicating it was a major trade center at that time. Numerous inscriptions make reference to the rulers at Banavasi as "excellent lords of the city" (
804:
is said to have retrieved his fathers losses. According to Kamath, the Talagunda inscription describes Bhageerath as the sole "lord of the Kadamba land" and the "great Sagara" (
1934:
Inscriptions mention various Shaiva sects (worshipers of the god Shiva) such as Goravas, Kapalikas, Pasupatas and Kalamukhas. Famous residential schools of learning existed in
4270:
1645:
in the adjective, the imposition of taxes on milk and milk products, the existence of large cattle herds and the gifting of a thousand cows as a mark of the donors affluence (
560:
Historians are divided on the issue of the geographical origin of the Kadambas, whether they were of local origin or earlier immigrants from northern India. The social order (
1914:("Horse sacrifice"). There are numerous records that record grants made to Brahmins. According to Sircar, some fifth and sixth century inscriptions have an invocation of
2484:
built in the 14th century. In addition to temples, according to the art historian K.V. Soudara Rajan, the Kadambas created three rock-cut Vedic cave temples cut out of
7469:
267:
242:
228:
761:
appears to have succeeded in establishing a new kingdom. According to epigraphist M.H. Krishna, Mayurasharma further subdued minor rulers such as the Traikutas, the
351:
1960:) in temples and a steady move toward ritualistic worship among the laymen undermined the concept of "quest for salvation" and the ascetic vigor of the religion.
7464:
481:, were not natives of the region and therefore the nucleus of power resided outside present-day Karnataka. The Kadambas were the first indigenous dynasty to use
2587:
1910:(warrior) status. An inscription of Vishnuvarma describes him as the "protector of the excellent Brahmana faith". His father Krishnavarma-I performed the Vedic
1133:. The organization was based on the strategy called "Chaurangabala". Guerrilla warfare was not unknown and may have been used often to gain tactical advantage.
1260:) that levied taxes on incoming goods. In recognition of military or protective service provided by deceased warriors, the state made social service grants (
623:) gives what may be the most possible cause for the emergence of the Kadamba kingdom. It states that Mayurasharma was a native of Talagunda, (in present-day
6188:
2575:
572:
inscription, or of local tribal origin. Historians Chopra et al. claim the Kadambas were none other than the Kadambu tribe who were in conflict with the
2013:
counts purity of ancestry, physical health and soundness of mind as the main attributes that made a person worthy of such initiation. Both Jinasena and
7362:
5121:
955:
in the north and that the people of these lands sought his protection. Ravivarma donated land to a Buddhist Sangha (temple) in his 34th regnal year in
2130:
in their description of the duties of women and widows in society, but rather prescribed the path of worldly renunciation as worthy. It is from about
4803:
4116:
864:) to display his prosperity, thus "attracting the attention of his enemies", the Pallavas. When the Pallava threat loomed, He divided his kingdom in
7064:
4040:
974:, the Kongalvas and the Pandyas of Uchangi were dealt with successfully. The crux of the kingdom essentially consisted of significant areas of the
489:, this era serves as a broad-based historical starting point in the study of the development of the region as an enduring geo-political entity and
7494:
2604:
earlier poets (Aihole inscription of Ravikirti which mentions the Sanskrit poets Kalidasa and Bharavi). The development of versification and the
1040:
7474:
1564:
6095:
2623:
Inscriptions in Sanskrit and Kannada are the main sources of the Kadamba history. The Talagunda, Gudnapur, Birur, Shimoga, Muttur, Hebbatta,
7484:
7438:
4853:
1602:, it is clear the kingdom depended on revenues from both agricultural and pastoral elements. Numerous inscriptions, mainly from the modern
344:
4827:
4178:
4065:
765:, the Pariyathrakas, the Shakasthanas, the Maukharis, the Punnatas and the Sendrakas. The fact that Mayurasharma had to travel to distant
5075:
1284:
1236:) and professional taxes on traders such as oilmen, barbers and carpenters. Inscriptions mention many more taxes such as internal taxes (
1851:
Appeasement of local deities and local practices which included offerings of sacrifices often went alongside popular Vedic gods such as
6161:
5046:
5041:
1021:
Bandalike, Chandavar and Jayantipura (in Odisha). That the Kadambas of Banavasi were a prosperous kingdom is attested to by the famous
2448:
The beginnings of Kadamba architecture can be traced to the fourth century based on evidence in the Talagunda pillar inscription of
670:
region, he was able to levy tributes from the Banas and other kingdoms and finally proclaimed independence. According to Indologist
6987:
6825:
7514:
7443:
5362:
5320:
4913:
1979:
Buddhism lived. However, according to Ray, while there is evidence to prove that certain pre-Kadamba royal families, such as the
842:. According to Desai and Panchamukhi evidence from Sanskrit literature indicates that during this time the notable Sanskrit poet
337:
662:(Sriparvata) region. After a prolonged period of low intensity warfare against the Pallavas and other smaller kings such as the
7022:
6810:
5114:
4376:
Karnataka's Rich Heritage ā Temple Sculptures & Dancing Apsaras: An Amalgam of Hindu Mythology, Natyasastra and Silpasastra
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though some inscriptions claim he secured the kingdom for his family. He was succeeded by his younger brother Kakusthavarma in
915:
family bore him a son called Ravivarma. Mrigeshavarma was known to be a scholar and an expert in riding horses and elephants.
6994:
6582:
6175:
4728:
4709:
4671:
4614:
4576:
4557:
4383:
4147:
2969:
2209:, the tide began to turn in northern India, especially in Kashmir, but found a later stronghold in Rajasthan. The belief in
2058:
A unique feature of medieval Indian society was the commemoration of the deceased hero by the erection of memorial stones ("
1835:
rule in the third century coincided with the advent of two religious phenomena in the Deccan and South India: the spread of
627:
of Karnataka state) and his family got its name from the Kadamba tree that grew near his home. The inscription narrates how
442:
possibly with the help of some native tribes and claimed sovereignty. The Kadamba power reached its peak during the rule of
7337:
4483:
4364:
2473:
7428:
7342:
2738:
2612:
poets were the authors of inscriptions too (Trivikramabhatta composed the Bagumra copper plates and the Sanskrit classic
7433:
7347:
7036:
6963:
5029:
4747:
3475:
1779:(collective) and this is seen in inscriptions as early as the third-fourth century in South India. Records such as the
1069:) provided guidance in governance. Mores identified several important positions in the government: the prime minister (
1649:) indicate cow herding was an important part of the economy. There are records that mention the shepherd settlements (
461:
empires for over five hundred years during which time they branched into minor dynasties. Notable among these are the
5107:
4764:
4690:
4652:
4633:
4595:
4538:
4519:
4430:
4402:
4345:
4326:
4307:
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3493:
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3054:
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1664:
Mixed farming, a combination of grazing and cultivation, mostly controlled by the wealthy Gavunda peasantry (today's
951:(king's last regnal year) and claims that the king's suzerainty extended over the whole of South India as far as the
2511:(Later Chalukyas). The best representations of this style are seen in the Mahadeva temple at Tambdi Surla in modern
7352:
6973:
4244:
2180:
when deceased general Goparaja's wife immolated herself on her husband's pyre. Then around 606, the mother of King
774:(warrior caste). Sen feels the successor of Mayurasharma, Kangavarma changed his surname from "Sharma" to "Varma".
31:
2608:
style ("epic") of poetry appears first in inscriptions before making their appearance in literature. Further some
2507:
In later centuries, Kadamba architecture was influenced by the ornate architectural style of their overlords, the
1902:
was, according to the Talagunda inscription, a Brahmin by birth though his successors may have assumed the surname
1874:
as evidenced by their inscriptions. The situation was the same with their immediate neighbors, the Gangas and the
6202:
5068:
533:
under a Kadamba tree. Another legend tries to simplify it by claiming Mayurasharma himself was born to Shiva and
17:
7489:
7287:
7217:
6898:
6835:
6815:
6578:
6223:
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5312:
4645:
Indian Epigraphy: A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the other Indo-Aryan Languages
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2412:
1790:
Functioning purely on the excess produce of the rural hinterland were the urban centers, the cities and towns (
2435:) over the sanctum is pyramidal with horizontal non-decorative stepped stages tipped at the a pinnacle with a
1209:) as a witness to the granting of a village to a Brahmin by the monarch. A reference to the mercantile class (
7519:
7304:
6870:
6380:
4882:
4550:
The Rise of MahÄsena: The Transformation of Skanda-KÄrttikeya in North India from the Kuį¹£Äį¹a to Gupta Empires
2701:
2656:
2225:. What was once a Kshatriya only practice came to be adopted by the Brahmins and even some Jains from around
1216:
One sixth of land produce was collected as tax. Other taxes mentioned in inscriptions were the levy on land (
4238:
Defense Minister Pranab Mukherjee opened the first phase of India's giant western naval base INS Kadamba in
7400:
7322:
7089:
7057:
6820:
6266:
6248:
6230:
6210:
5815:
5429:
5252:
1525:
753:
675:
4811:
4124:
2410:
their architectural style had a few things in common with the Pallava style. Kamath points out that their
7509:
7479:
7332:
7001:
6830:
6667:
5034:
3448:
2302:
Much of the information we get about activities such as archery and hunting is from classics such as the
1763:) descriptions in lithic and copper plate records, such as the Hiresakuna 6th-century copper plates from
364:
5934:
564:) of the Kadamba family is also an issue of debate, whether the founders of the kingdom belonged to the
7327:
7291:
6257:
6239:
6219:
5061:
4423:
Indian Temple Architecture: Form and Transformation-The Karnata Dravida Tradition 7th to 13th Centuries
4300:
The Making of Southern Karnataka: Society, Polity and Culture in the early medieval period, AD 400ā1030
2071:) for bravely fighting and killing a man-eater Tiger with his club before succumbing to his injuries.
982:. King Ravivarma of the Banavasi branch killed king Vishnuvarma of the Triparvata branch according to
7084:
7071:
6320:
6300:
6171:
6147:
6139:
5234:
1882:
is all too evident. Inscriptions narrate various land grants to Brahmins that specify their lineage (
1534:
7499:
7079:
7015:
6639:
6604:
6599:
6533:
6276:
5897:
5635:
5551:
5395:
5348:
5258:
5130:
5010:
4175:
is held at Banavasi as it is here that the Kadamba kings organized the spring festival every year.
1514:
1420:
2406:
According to Kamath, the Kadambas are the originators of the Karnataka architecture. According to
1783:
Taluk inscription indicate occasionally women were village headmen and counselors, and held land (
7299:
7237:
6753:
6473:
6097:
Hinduism. In: Joseph Kitagawa, "The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture"
5955:
4955:
2682:
860:) was known for his personal charm and beauty. According to an inscription he wore three crowns (
4861:
4012:
2689:
commissioned India's most advanced and first dedicated military naval base named INS Kadamba in
391:
village, usually dated 450 CE. is the earliest Kannada inscription issued by the Kadamba Dynasty
7099:
7008:
6802:
6428:
6365:
6340:
6335:
6330:
5000:
4918:
4837:
4188:
4075:
2723:
2524:
454:
4216:
2646:
Recent reports claim that the discovery of a 5th-century Kadamba copper coin in Banavasi with
1044:
Old Kannada inscription (1200 AD) of King Kamadeva of the Kadamba dynasty of the Hangal branch
6730:
6568:
6370:
5717:
5601:
5572:
5472:
4960:
4940:
1351:
671:
450:
925:) was able to build the kingdom back to its original might during a long rule lasting up to
7390:
7314:
7257:
7127:
6758:
6609:
6345:
6325:
4980:
4890:
2733:
2401:
2372:
which were preferred for their stamina in chasing and cornering the prey. According to the
1886:) as well as Vedic specialization. According to Sircar, the early rulers called themselves
1431:
937:
752:
river as a sovereign power. Majumdar however feels even an inscription as important as the
650:("school"). There, owing to some misunderstanding between him and a Pallava guard or at an
486:
473:. During the pre-Kadamba era the ruling families that controlled the Karnataka region, the
320:
2232:. In the modern Karnataka region (Kadamba territory), there are only eleven cases between
616:
One of their earliest inscriptions, the Talagunda inscription of crown prince Santivarma (
8:
7277:
7247:
6715:
6697:
6634:
6614:
6538:
6513:
6360:
6214:
5980:
5918:
5370:
5165:
4970:
4950:
3701:
Ray (2019), Chapter-Introduction, Section-Perception: Buddhist Banavasi, Past and Present
3485:
2632:
2034:
Majumdar notes that the Buddhist and Jain literature of the period accounts for the four
384:
5094:
4395:
History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956, struggle for freedom : triumph and tragedy
3476:"Chapter II: THE POLITICAL CONDITION OF INDIA BEFORE THE RISE OF GUPTAS - EASTERN INDIA"
7415:
7187:
7029:
6981:
6591:
6350:
6292:
5729:
5556:
5500:
5456:
4204:
3251:
2063:
1678:
1599:
1022:
470:
466:
439:
4319:
The Position of Women in Hindu Civilization, from Prehistoric Times to the Present Day
7504:
7395:
7232:
6943:
6662:
6657:
6649:
6629:
6493:
6478:
6315:
5968:
5964:
5922:
5911:
5889:
5857:
5843:
5528:
4995:
4985:
4975:
4743:
4724:
4705:
4686:
4667:
4648:
4629:
4610:
4591:
4572:
4553:
4534:
4515:
4498:
4479:
4462:
4445:
4426:
4398:
4379:
4360:
4341:
4322:
4303:
4034:
3489:
3454:
3270:
3243:
2965:
2697:
2508:
2388:
The Praneshvara temple at Talagunda, dates from the late fourth century Kadamba rule.
2055:
were all absorbed into the Hindu society without a trace of their earlier practices.
1194:
period. By the fifth century, it was a fortified settlement and the Kadamba capital (
711:
577:
4721:
A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India:From the Stone Age to the 12th Century
1170:) which appears to have enjoyed particular freedoms under the authority of headman (
826:. Kakusthavarma was the most powerful ruler of the dynasty. According to Sastri and
7405:
7385:
7380:
7252:
6893:
6763:
6725:
6705:
6672:
6624:
6553:
6488:
6448:
6423:
6418:
6270:
6252:
5853:
5838:
5834:
5787:
5783:
5743:
5709:
5705:
5524:
4945:
2718:
2686:
2407:
2213:
began to appeal, especially to the warrior classes, and the theory that performing
2023:
1591:
1400:
1342:
983:
872:
847:
827:
757:
715:
624:
576:
kingdom (of modern Kerala) during the Sangam era. The Kadambus find mention in the
427:
260:
4607:
Decolonising Heritage in South Asia: The Global, the National and the Transnationa
7370:
7157:
7132:
7043:
6840:
6783:
6778:
6773:
6768:
6745:
6735:
6720:
6677:
6563:
6558:
6483:
6091:
5972:
5930:
5926:
5893:
5865:
5861:
5807:
5713:
5645:
5607:
5413:
4990:
4965:
3479:
2959:
2713:
2076:
2052:
2002:
1875:
1665:
1552:
1409:
1380:
1333:
794:
683:
462:
379:
247:
4569:
Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia, section:Kannadigas
7423:
7272:
7262:
7197:
7192:
6923:
6788:
6710:
6687:
6682:
6619:
6548:
6463:
6355:
6305:
6261:
6234:
5827:
5700:
5597:
5198:
5005:
2728:
2647:
2437:
2384:
2365:
2181:
1619:
1485:
1467:
1162:) comprising numerous villages under which were the villages in groups of ten (
762:
727:
658:(frontier guards) and firmly rooted himself in the dense forests of the modern
412:
5247:
1013:
when he raided Banavasi, thus uniting the two branches of the kingdom. Around
7458:
7147:
7142:
7117:
6948:
6938:
6903:
6878:
6860:
6523:
6508:
6393:
6310:
6282:
6243:
5976:
5779:
5739:
5640:
5623:
5576:
5561:
5547:
5520:
5516:
5476:
5461:
5450:
5402:
4662:
Satyanath, T.S. (2018) . K. Alfons Knauth, Subha Chakraborty Dasgupta (ed.).
3247:
2673:
2218:
country) where the earliest cases, voluntary as they were, are seen by about
2084:, because there was no sanction for the practice in the funeral hymns of the
2040:
1810:
1595:
1583:
1449:
1389:
1315:
1154:), nine of which have been identified by Panchamukhi. Under a district was a
952:
719:
597:
573:
443:
431:
310:
233:
4502:
2355:). The medieval sculptors spared no effort in depicting hunting scenes. The
1190:). Excavations have revealed that Banavasi was a settlement even during the
537:(goddess of the earth). Other legends tie them without any substance to the
7242:
7177:
7122:
6845:
6543:
6498:
6433:
6398:
5695:
5568:
5468:
5338:
5276:
5241:
5223:
5215:
5159:
5099:
4466:
4449:
3668:"History of Karnataka-The Shatavahanas-10, section: Education and Religion"
2678:
2624:
2543:
2262:
2187:
This however did not find immediate support with noted poets such as Bana (
2089:
2081:
1899:
1844:
1804:
1684:
From inscriptions three types of land are evident; wet or cultivable land (
1587:
1503:
999:
After Ravivarma's death, he was succeeded by his peaceful son Harivarma in
988:
839:
723:
679:
663:
628:
542:
538:
416:
305:
139:
4768:
4626:
A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar
3671:
3366:
3058:
2793:
2790:"History of Karnataka-The Shatavahanas-10, section:Origin of the Kadambas"
2519:
in the late 12th-13th century by the Kadambas of Goa; the single shrined (
2496:("half mantapa") with plain pillars and a sanctum which contain images of
2254:, mostly in the warrior communities indicating an overall lack of appeal.
2005:
followed a strict qualification process for persons worthy of initiation.
1988:
sites that have been discovered in Banavasi are located outside the town.
7375:
7212:
7207:
7202:
7167:
7152:
7112:
6528:
6116:
The Origins of Yoga and Tantra. Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century
5884:
5877:
5760:
5734:
5542:
5512:
5173:
2581:
Madhukeshwara temple at Banavasi, built by the later Kadambas of Banavasi
2455:. The inscription makes mention of a Mahadeva temple of the Sthanagundur
2419:
2336:
2304:
2123:
2094:
1938:
and Talagunda. Vedic education was imparted in places of learning called
1895:
1780:
1306:
1049:
687:
478:
458:
435:
3255:
3231:
718:
region in central Karnataka. According to the historian and epigraphist
510:
Old Kannada inscriptions of Kadamba king Kamadeva of the Hangal branch (
7162:
6958:
6908:
6503:
5946:
5756:
4014:
3275:. THE DIRECTOR GENERAL, archaeological survey of INDIA. pp. 86ā90.
2681:. It is based on a popular novel written in 1933 with the same name by
2142:
2107:
2059:
1832:
1362:
1269:
1191:
941:
881:
749:
601:
325:
315:
6169:
4784:
4529:
Majumdar & Altekar, Ramesh Chandra & Ananth Sadashiv (1986) .
4013:
Dr. D.C. Sircar, Dr. P.B.Desai, Dr. G.S. Gai, N. Lakshminarayana Rao.
2700:
owned bus service is named after the Kadambas Dynasty and is known as
2593:
The Mahadeva temple at Tambdi Surla, Goa, built by the Kadambas of Goa
2027:(distinction or caste) based society and the responsibilities of each
368:
The Talagunda pillar Sanskrit Inscription of crown prince Santivarma (
7222:
7182:
6953:
6888:
6883:
6438:
6413:
6193:
6179:
5689:
4832:
4442:
A Concise history of Karnataka from pre-historic times to the present
4183:
4070:
2501:
2361:
2319:
1998:
1949:
1935:
1907:
1878:. According to Adiga, their patronage to Brahmins well versed in the
1641:
1494:
1476:
979:
933:
771:
659:
569:
554:
400:
4335:
1724:). A sixth-century grant refers to garden land that grew sugarcane (
7227:
7050:
6850:
6518:
6443:
6408:
5767:
5650:
5508:
5334:
5326:
5280:
5271:
3236:
Bulletin of the Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute
2485:
2477:
2431:
2369:
2166:
2158:
2085:
2014:
2006:
1976:
1972:
1964:
1940:
1871:
1836:
1458:
1440:
1297:
1063:
This wisdom and knowledge from the ancient Hindu texts called (the
876:
843:
809:
790:
605:
408:
120:
101:
87:
77:
3363:"History of Karnataka-The Shatavahanas-10, section:Administration"
686:
under king Skandavarman had to accept his sovereignty between the
58:
7267:
6918:
6913:
6453:
5848:
5774:
5675:
5656:
5504:
5377:
5330:
5292:
5285:
2425:
1980:
1864:
1840:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1324:
1150:
581:
565:
534:
490:
482:
474:
388:
105:
91:
4148:"Kannada inscription at Talagunda may replace Halmidi as oldest"
7137:
6933:
6928:
6855:
6403:
6388:
5811:
5382:
5297:
5229:
5155:
4239:
3055:"History of Karnataka-The Shatavahanas-10, section:Mayuravarma"
2690:
2628:
2195:
2044:
1923:
1860:
1852:
1764:
1543:
1065:
975:
971:
963:
912:
835:
766:
741:
fuel and stones, ladle, melted butter and the oblation vessel,
632:
485:, the language of the soil, at an administrative level. In the
404:
4336:
Chopra, Ravindran & Subrahmanian, Nilakanta K.A. (2003) .
2964:. Asian Educational Services. pp. 15ā17, 30ā49, 322ā323.
2961:
The Kadamba Kula: A History of Ancient and Mediaeval Karnataka
2569:
Tarakeshwara temple at Hangal, built by the Kadambas of Hangal
642:
along with his guru and grandfather Veerasharma to pursue his
7172:
7107:
6458:
4338:
History of South India (Ancient, Medieval and Modern), Part 1
2497:
2481:
2146:
2048:
1985:
1927:
1879:
1856:
1155:
707:
667:
643:
561:
530:
285:
4854:"Indian Coins, Dynasties of South India, Govindayara Prabhu"
2392:
1748:), flowers were mostly for temple use and such lands called
580:
as totemic worshipers of the Kadambu tree and the Hindu god
5342:
5183:
4898:
4740:
Studies in the Religious Life of Ancient and Medieval India
3013:
Chopra, Ravindran & Subrahmanian (2003), pp.26, 161ā162
1213:) further indicates the commercial importance of Banavasi.
1205:
of the Chalukyas refer to Banavasi and its corporate body (
726:
which pertains to a water reservoir contained the names of
4015:"Indian Inscriptions-South Indian Inscriptions, vol 15,18"
3994:
Satyanath T.S. in Knauth & Dasgupta (2018), pp.125-126
2480:
in the 12th century) and the Hemakuta group of temples in
1025:
of the Chalukyas which describes Banavasi in these terms:
524:) in the open mantapa of the Tarakeshwara temple at Hangal
3453:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 25, 145.
2512:
2489:
2376:
queens and courtesans accompanied the king on horseback.
1268:) that supported their family. In addition to erecting a
4476:
Portraits of a Nation: History of Ancient India: History
4271:"Kadamba dynasty logo to be reinstaed on Goa govt buses"
4765:"History of Karnataka ā The Shatavahanas-10, Arthikaje"
2257:
Physical education was very popular with men. The book
4528:
4114:
4003:
Satyanath T.S. in Knauth & Dasgupta (2018), p. 125
3205:
1802:) that often find mention in Kannada classics such as
1728:). Other crops that were also cultivated were barley (
743:
unsheathed a flaming sword, eager to conquer the earth
4628:. New Delhi: Indian Branch, Oxford University Press.
4357:
History of Ancient India: Earliest Times to 1000 A. D
3967:
Satyanath T.S. in Knauth & Dasgupta (2018), p.123
4828:"Halmidi village finally on the road to recognition"
4604:
4066:"Halmidi village finally on the road to recognition"
2760:
Jainism in Early Medieval Karnataka C. A.D. 500-1200
2757:
1256:). The capital Banavasi had eighteen custom houses (
1105:) above whom was the king himself, other officials (
782:
Mayurasharma was succeeded by his son Kangavarma in
6109:, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press
4176:
4063:
4056:
3601:
Chopra, Ravindran & Subrahmanian (2003), p. 189
3583:
Chopra, Ravindran & Subrahmanian ((2003), p.188
2844:
Chopra, Ravindran & Subrahmanian (2003), p. 161
2126:, do not make any mention of any ritual resembling
4586:Rao, Seshagiri L.S. (1988) . Amaresh Datta (ed.).
2184:decided to predecease her terminally ill husband.
1922:(Hari and Hara are another name of the Hindu gods
1029:Resembling the city of gods and a girdle of swans
756:leaves many a detail unanswered. Scholars such as
7470:States and territories disestablished in the 540s
4836:. Chennai, India. 3 November 2003. Archived from
4019:What Is India News Service, Friday, 28 April 2006
3118:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3108:
1220:), social security tax paid to the royal family (
7456:
4804:"5th century copper coin discovered at Banavasi"
4533:. New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass Publications.
4514:. New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass Publications.
4117:"5th century copper coin discovered at Banavasi"
3665:
3360:
3052:
2787:
3909:
3907:
3670:. 1998-00 OurKarnataka.Com, Inc. Archived from
3365:. 1998-00 OurKarnataka.Com, Inc. Archived from
3057:. 1998-00 OurKarnataka.Com, Inc. Archived from
2898:Rao, Seshagiri in Amaresh Datta (1988), p. 1717
2792:. 1998-00 OurKarnataka.Com, Inc. Archived from
1048:The Kadamba kings, like their predecessors the
911:) to the Pallavas. His queen Prabhavati of the
403:, India, that ruled northern Karnataka and the
7465:States and territories established in the 340s
3181:
3179:
3105:
2883:
2772:
2464:temple and the Ramesvara temple which shows a
2423:(sanctum) with an attached larger hall called
1843:and Buddhism. This was a direct result of the
1712:) or a tall stout grain yielding grass called
596:lineage"), which connected them to the native
6155:
5115:
5069:
4166:
4006:
3356:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3348:
2888:. Asian Educational Services. pp. 39ā40.
2468:projection (small tower) over the vestibule (
2287:refers to two types of combative sports, the
1967:described Banavasi as a place of one hundred
1031:playing on the high waves of the river Varada
722:a fragmentary inscription of Mayurasharma at
706:which could be interpreted as either ancient
345:
5129:
4414:Political History of the ChÄlukyas of Badami
4039:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3904:
3446:
3206:"Search, Seek, and Discover Jain Literature"
2553:) Kadambeshvara temple with open and closed
2492:. Like their temples, the caves too have an
2396:Bhuvaraha Narasimha temple Halasi, Karnataka
2080:appears to have been adopted well after the
1657:) and numerous references to small hamlets (
793:might to protect his kingdom (also known as
6090:
4664:Figures of Transcontinental Multilingualism
4140:
3874:
3872:
3176:
3142:
3140:
3080:
3078:
3076:
2685:. On 31 May 2005 Defence minister of India
2283:("wrestler of the three worlds"). The book
1894:, an indication of their propensity toward
6162:
6148:
5122:
5108:
5076:
5062:
4115:DH News Service Mysore (7 February 2006).
3922:Chugh (2017), chapter 2.1, section: Vishnu
3897:
3895:
3893:
3507:
3505:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3345:
3300:
3167:
3016:
2538:(and an ornate domical ceiling), a closed
1898:(a branch of Hinduism). The founding king
1700:) usually used to cultivate paddy (called
438:. Mayurasharma defeated the armies of the
352:
338:
57:
4661:
4588:Encyclopaedia of Indian literature vol. 2
4354:
4108:
3860:
3790:
3788:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3604:
3577:
2944:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2523:) Tarakeshvara temple (modeled after the
1956:). Installation of images of Jain monks (
399:were an ancient royal family from modern
6104:
4509:
4245:"India Opens Major Naval Base at Karwar"
4099:
4090:
3979:
3970:
3869:
3740:
3713:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3595:
3309:
3137:
3087:
3073:
3046:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2924:
2922:
2391:
2383:
1971:where ten thousand scholars of both the
1039:
735:That the hand dexterous in grasping the
505:
449:The Kadambas were contemporaries of the
378:
363:
4914:Political history of medieval Karnataka
4683:Ancient Indian History and Civilization
4642:
4571:. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO.
4566:
4411:
4316:
4177:Staff Correspondent (20 January 2006).
4064:Muralidhara Khajane (3 November 2003).
4047:
3988:
3890:
3881:
3833:
3806:
3686:
3613:
3559:
3523:
3502:
3473:
3399:
3381:
3293:
3291:
3229:
3188:
3130:
3128:
3039:
3037:
3025:
2861:
2859:
14:
7495:6th-century disestablishments in India
7457:
6113:
5679:Co-existence of Hinduism and Buddhism
4737:
4623:
4531:Vakataka - Gupta Age Circa 200-550 A.D
4492:
4439:
3997:
3961:
3952:
3934:
3916:
3851:
3815:
3785:
3776:
3767:
3731:
3631:
3586:
3541:
3413:
3318:
3268:
2987:
2978:
2957:
2931:
2910:
2901:
2868:
2813:
2811:
2474:Lakshmi Devi Temple at Doddagaddavalli
2141:begins to appear in the literature of
2074:According to Altekar, the practice of
1501:
1492:
1465:
1456:
1447:
1429:
1378:
1369:
1349:
1340:
1331:
1322:
1166:). The smallest unit was the village (
7475:Ancient empires and kingdoms of India
6143:
6081:
5876:
5693:
5622:
5595:
5546:
5541:
5103:
4718:
4699:
4666:. Zurich: LIT Verlag GambH & Co.
4647:. New York: Oxford University Press.
4473:
4456:
4420:
4373:
4297:
4223:
4179:"Kadambotsava in Banavasi from today"
3943:
3925:
3797:
3704:
3654:
3622:
3532:
3514:
3422:
3390:
3336:
3327:
3279:
3096:
2996:
2919:
2266:such as bending a crowbar. The terms
1720:, rarely mentioned) and garden land (
1541:
1483:
1438:
1407:
1398:
1304:
545:of northern India. An inscription of
517:) and Hoysala king Veera Ballala II (
415:in India. The kingdom was founded by
4547:
4232:
3842:
3758:
3749:
3722:
3695:
3645:
3568:
3550:
3481:Rise and Fall of the Imperial Guptas
3431:
3288:
3158:
3149:
3125:
3034:
2856:
2847:
2829:
2202:inhuman and immoral. However around
1532:
1523:
1512:
1418:
1387:
1360:
1313:
1295:
1288:
1148:). Under a province was a district (
918:After Kakusthavarma only Ravivarma (
7485:4th-century establishments in India
4702:Jainism in Early Medieval Karnataka
4680:
4605:Ray, Himanshu Prabha, ed. (2019) .
4585:
4461:. Bangalore: Abhinav Publications.
4392:
3824:
3203:
2892:
2808:
2781:
2739:List of Hindu Empires and Dynasties
2308:(post 7th century) and others. The
1756:) and coconuts are also mentioned.
1550:
611:
493:as an important regional language.
24:
4767:. OurKarnataka.Com. Archived from
4510:Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra (1977) .
4478:. New Delhi: Sterling Publishers.
4416:. New Delhi: Abhinav Publications.
4359:. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers.
4317:Altekar, Ananth Sadashiv (1956) .
2838:
2820:
2762:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 25.
2663:
1474:
25:
7531:
5095:Coins of the Kadambas of Banavasi
5088:
4860:. 1 November 2001. Archived from
4810:. 7 February 2006. Archived from
4459:Social Life in Medieval Karnataka
4355:Chaurasia, Radhey Shyam (2002) .
4340:. New Delhi: Chand Publications.
4062:A report on Halmidi inscription,
2853:R.N. Nandi in Adiga (2006), p. 93
1244:), tax on eleemosynary holdings (
1035:
6170:
6062:
6053:
6044:
6035:
6026:
6017:
6008:
5999:
5989:References and sources for table
4897:
4624:Sastri, Nilakanta K.A. (2002) .
4263:
4187:. Chennai, India. Archived from
4074:. Chennai, India. Archived from
4021:. Archaeological Survey of India
3450:A Historical atlas of South Asia
3447:Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978).
2586:
2574:
2562:
2088:. According to him, even in the
1283:
978:including large parts of modern
265:
240:
226:
173:ā¢ Earliest Kadamba records
67: Extent of Kadambas, 500 CE
32:Kadamba dynasty (disambiguation)
4742:. Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass.
4738:Sircar, Dineshchandra (1971) .
4704:. Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass.
4412:Dikshit, Durga Prasad (1980) .
3710:Singh, R.B.P. (2008), pp. 72ā73
3467:
3440:
3269:Sircar, Dinesh Chandra (1987).
3262:
3223:
3197:
3185:Kamath, S.U. (1980), pp. 34, 53
2951:
2877:
2379:
1870:The Kadambas were followers of
1117:) and the writers and scribes (
7515:Former countries in South Asia
6224:Jaya Bharata Jananiya Tanujate
4789:Archaeological Survey of India
4590:. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi.
4497:. Delhi: Agam Kala Prakashan.
4440:Kamath, Suryanath U. (2001) .
4397:. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi.
4321:. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
4242:, Karnataka state, on 31 May.
3642:Kamath, S.U. (1980), pp. 36ā37
3396:Kamath, S.U. (1980), pp. 35ā36
2928:Kamath, S.U. (1980), pp. 30ā31
2865:Kamath, S.U. (1980), pp. 30-39
2766:
2751:
2698:Indian state government of Goa
27:4th-6th century Indian dynasty
13:
1:
7305:List of people from Karnataka
4723:. India: Pearsons Education.
4681:Sen, Sailendra Nath (1999) .
4285:
3866:Kamat, J.K. (1980), pp. 75ā77
3737:Singh, Upendra, (2008), p. 48
3565:Singh, Upendra (2008), p. 593
2702:Kadamba Transport Corporation
2637:
2528:
2449:
2341:
2324:
2244:
2233:
2226:
2219:
2203:
2188:
2174:
2131:
2112:
2099:
2021:) discuss the existence of a
1570:
1199:
1014:
1007:
1000:
956:
945:
926:
919:
900:
893:
886:
865:
854:
820:
813:
798:
783:
636:
617:
553:by "the six-faced god of war
546:
518:
511:
420:
369:
7401:Varnashilpi Venkatappa Award
6118:, Cambridge University Press
6086:, Cambridge University Press
5816:Decline of Buddhism in India
5253:Northern Black Polished Ware
4457:Kamat, Jyothsna K. (1980) .
4444:. Bangalore: Jupiter Books.
3887:Kamath, S.U. (1980), pp37-38
3728:Majumdar (1977), pp. 202ā203
3719:Majumdar (1977), pp. 201ā202
3173:Majumdar (1986), pp. 241ā242
3031:Majumdar (1986), pp. 235ā237
2243:and forty-one cases between
1906:to indicate their change to
1752:, fruits such as plantains (
777:
754:Talagunda pillar inscription
7:
6084:An Introduction to Hinduism
4567:Minahan, James B. (2012) .
4302:. Chennai: Orient Longman.
3821:Altekar (1956), pp. 130ā131
3812:Altekar (1956), pp. 128ā129
3782:Altekar (1956), pp. 124ā125
3755:Altekar (1956), pp. 117ā118
3410:Kamath, S.U. (1980), p. 35)
2707:
2598:
1826:
1198:). A later inscriptions of
899:for more than a decade. In
846:visited the Kadamba court.
10:
7536:
6107:Hinduism. Past and present
5977:Chera Perumals of Makkotai
5935:Chera Perumals of Makkotai
5327:Rise of Shramana movements
4919:Origin of Karnataka's name
4643:Saloman, Richard (1998) .
4393:Das, Sisir Kumar (2005) .
4105:Kamath, S.U. (1980), p. 37
4053:Kamath, S.U. (1980), p. 12
3913:Kamath, S.U. (1980), p. 38
3592:Sastri (1955), pp. 381ā382
3306:Kamath, S.U. (1980), p. 35
3285:Kamath, S.U. (1980), p. 34
3230:Gokhale, Shobhana (1973).
3146:Kamath, S.U. (1980), p. 33
3084:Kamath, S.U. (1980), p. 32
3043:Kamath, S.U. (1980), p.31.
2958:Moraes, George M. (1990).
2758:Ram Bhushan Prasad Singh.
2399:
1991:
1821:
1276:
994:
853:His successor Santivarma (
568:caste as described by the
496:
29:
7414:
7361:
7313:
7286:
7098:
7085:Kannada Sahitya Sammelana
6972:
6869:
6801:
6744:
6696:
6648:
6590:
6577:
6379:
6291:
6201:
6186:
6114:Samuel, Geoffrey (2010),
5986:
5883:
5862:Pandyan kingdom (revival)
5847:
5826:
5801:
5773:
5733:
5728:
5669:
5555:
5490:
5448:
5427:
5411:
5400:
5393:
5376:
5360:
5346:
5317:
5310:
5256:
5238:
5235:Painted Grey Ware culture
5220:
5212:
5196:
5172:
5169:
5164:
5151:
5146:
5137:
4474:Kapur, Kamalesh (2010) .
4378:. Chennai: Notion Press.
4096:Ramesh, K.V. (1984), p.10
3857:Kamat, J.K. (1980), p. 75
3839:Kamat, J.K. (1980), p. 69
3830:Kamat, J.K. (1980), p. 68
3746:Kamat, J.K. (1980), p. 79
3692:Adiga 92006), pp. 249ā252
3474:Agrawal, Ashvini (1989).
3342:Kamath, S.U. (1980), p.35
3333:Dikshit (2008), pp. 74ā75
3324:Kamath, S.U. (1980), p.38
3232:"Researches in Epigraphy"
3022:Ramesh, K.V. (1984), p. 3
2993:Sastri (1955), pp. 99ā100
2984:Ramesh, K.V. (1984), p. 6
2916:Kamath, S.U. (1980), p.30
2542:, a linked gateway and a
2500:(the sun god), Shiva and
1077:), secretary of council (
1073:), steward of household (
501:
281:
205:
201:
191:
181:
171:
167:
159:
155:
145:
133:
129:
119:
111:
97:
83:
73:
56:
51:
41:
7080:Kannada Sahitya Parishat
6534:Unification of Karnataka
6082:Flood, Gavin D. (1996),
5671:"Golden Age of Hinduism"
5636:Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom
5552:Maha-Meghavahana Dynasty
5313:Persian-Greek influences
5131:Middle kingdoms of India
5011:Unification of Karnataka
4719:Singh, Upinder (2008) .
4425:. Abhinav Publications.
3976:Saloman (1998), pp.90-92
3848:Kamat, J.K. (1980), p.74
3619:Adiga (2006), pp.280-281
3419:Adiga (2006), pp. 74, 85
3272:Epigraphia Indica Vol.33
2777:. S. Chand. p. 438.
2744:
2261:encouraged men to avoid
1653:), cowherd settlements (
1182:, adorned with eighteen
710:in central India or the
7300:Karnataka ethnic groups
7238:Krishnaraja Wadiyar III
6105:Michaels, Axel (2004),
5803:Late-Classical Hinduism
4956:Western Chalukya Empire
4609:. New York: Routledge.
4548:Mann, Richard (2011) .
4298:Adiga, Malini (2006) .
4291:
3574:Adiga (2006), pp. 71ā86
3547:Adiga (2006), pp. 21ā22
3538:Adiga (2008), pp. 47ā55
3529:Adiga (2006), pp. 65ā67
3520:Adiga (2006), pp. 36ā87
3511:Adiga (2006), pp. 55ā67
3315:Majumdar (1986), p. 246
3210:JaineLibrary-jainqq.org
3102:Majumdar (1986), p. 239
2884:T. Desikachari (1991).
2835:Chaurasia (2002), p.252
2683:Devudu Narasimha Sastri
2198:writers who considered
2173:), with a real case in
1916:Hari-Hara-Hiranyagarbha
940:interprets Ravivarma's
413:Uttara Kannada district
5189:Middle Gangetic Plain
5001:Nayakas of Chitradurga
4757:
4700:Singh, R.B.P (2008) .
4685:. New Age Publishers.
4493:Ramesh, K.V. (1984) .
4374:Chugh, Lalit (2017) .
4249:Defence Industry Daily
3803:Altekar (1956), p. 128
3794:Altekar (1956), p. 127
3773:Altekar (1956), p. 123
3666:Arthikaje, Mangalore.
3361:Arthikaje, Mangalore.
3297:Majumdar (1986), p.245
3194:Majumdar (1986), p.243
3164:Majumdar (1986), p.239
3134:Majumdar (1986), p.240
3053:Arthikaje, Mangalore.
2907:Minahan (2012), p. 124
2817:Majumdar (1986), p.237
2788:Arthikaje, Mangalore.
2724:History of South India
2525:Mahadeva Temple, Itagi
2429:. The superstructure (
2397:
2389:
2279:("warrior-wrestler"),
1248:), presents to kings (
1093:), private secretary (
1045:
1033:
789:. He had to fight the
745:
525:
392:
376:
193:ā¢ Disestablished
7490:525 disestablishments
6569:Western Ganga dynasty
5718:Western Ganga Dynasty
5585: 1st century BCE
5573:Early Pandyan kingdom
5538: 2nd century BCE
5498:(ca. 200 BC - 300 CE)
5492:Preclassical Hinduism
5473:Early Pandyan kingdom
5445: 3rd century BCE
5390: 4th century BCE
5357: 5th century BCE
5267: 6th century BCE
5192:Lower Gangetic Plain
5180:Upper Gangetic Plain
4785:"Indian Inscriptions"
4421:Hardy, Adam (1995) .
3985:Saloman (1998), p. 92
3764:Altekar (1956), p.119
3610:Sastri (1955), p. 382
3122:Sastri (1955), p. 101
3093:Sastri (1955), p. 100
2395:
2387:
2374:Vikramankadevacharita
2137:that the practice of
1920:Hara-Narayana Brahman
1569:South Asian polities
1252:) and cash payments (
1113:), revenue officers (
1085:), scholarly elders (
1043:
1027:
733:
720:M. H. Krishna Iyengar
676:Talagunda inscription
672:Lorenz Franz Kielhorn
509:
451:Western Ganga Dynasty
382:
367:
84:Common languages
7520:History of Karnataka
7391:Rajyotsava Prashasti
7258:K. S. Narasimhaswamy
6068:Michaels (2004) p.41
6059:Michaels (2004) p.40
6041:Michaels (2004) p.39
6023:Michaels (2004) p.39
5960:Kamboja-Pala dynasty
5592: 1st century CE
4981:Sultanate of Bijapur
4891:History of Karnataka
3958:Hardy (1995), p. 342
3949:Hardy (1995), p. 323
3901:Kapur (2010), p. 540
3437:Adiga (2006), p. 177
3428:Adiga (2006), p. 216
3387:Adiga (2006), p. 168
2773:Vidya Dhar Mahajan.
2734:Kadamba architecture
2402:Kadamba architecture
2122:), such as Manu and
1565:class=notpageimage|
1097:), chief secretary (
1052:, called themselves
962:to the south of the
678:, unable to contain
487:History of Karnataka
43:Kadambas of Banavasi
30:For other uses, see
7278:G. S. Shivarudrappa
7248:Gopalakrishna Adiga
6899:Chitrakala Parishat
6826:Dams and reservoirs
6698:Kalaburagi division
6539:Vijayanagara Empire
6514:Rashtrakuta dynasty
6429:Chitradurga Nayakas
6215:Emblem of Karnataka
5919:Rashtrakuta dynasty
5371:Shaishunaga dynasty
5321:Second Urbanisation
5166:Indo-Gangetic Plain
4971:Vijayanagara Empire
4840:on 24 November 2003
4771:on 7 September 2006
4495:Chalukyas of Vatapi
4078:on 24 November 2003
3940:Hardy (1995), p.330
3931:Hardy (1995), p.347
3878:Adiga (2006), p.287
3674:on 7 September 2006
3651:Sircar (1971), p.53
3628:Sircar (1971), p.54
3556:Adiga (2006), p. 45
3488:. pp. 60, 61.
3486:Motilal Banarsidass
3369:on 7 September 2006
3061:on 7 September 2006
2874:Sastri (1955), p.99
2826:Mann (2011), p. 227
2796:on 7 September 2006
2633:Halmidi inscription
2515:built with an open
2291:("fist-fight") and
1647:gosahasram pradarum
936:as well. Historian
770:the character of a
674:who deciphered the
385:Halmidi inscription
183:ā¢ Established
7510:Dynasties of India
7480:345 establishments
7188:Nijaguna Shivayogi
6592:Bangalore division
6050:Hiltebeitel (2002)
6032:Hiltebeitel (2002)
5730:Hephthalite Empire
5566:(300 BCE ā 200 CE)
5557:Satavahana dynasty
5543:Indo-Greek Kingdom
5466:(300 BCE ā 200 CE)
5457:Satavahana dynasty
5430:Spread of Buddhism
5152:Northwestern India
4961:Southern Kalachuri
4951:Rashtrakuta Empire
4275:The Economic times
4215:has generic name (
3155:Sen (1999), p. 244
2948:Sen (1999), p. 468
2886:South Indian Coins
2398:
2390:
2064:Atakur inscription
1736:), fallow millet (
1101:), chief justice (
1083:Sabhakarya Sachiva
1046:
1023:Aihole inscription
600:, a vassal of the
598:Chutus of Banavasi
526:
471:Kadambas of Hangal
467:Kadambas of Halasi
440:Pallavas of Kanchi
393:
377:
46:Banavasi Kadambaru
7452:
7451:
7396:Jakanachari Award
7233:Shishunala Sharif
6944:Togalu gombeyaata
6797:
6796:
6650:Belagavi division
6494:Kingdom of Mysore
6474:Kalyani Chalukyas
6283:Southern birdwing
6137:
6136:
6132:
6131:
6128:
6127:
5969:Eastern Chalukyas
5965:Kalyani Chalukyas
5923:Eastern Chalukyas
5912:Gurjara-Pratihara
5905: 9th century
5890:Eastern Chalukyas
5873: 8th century
5858:Eastern Chalukyas
5844:Mlechchha dynasty
5823: 7th century
5805:(ca. CE 650-1100)
5752: 6th century
5725: 5th century
5685: 4th century
5631: 3rd century
5619: 2nd century
5529:Mahayana Buddhism
5496:"Hindu Synthesis"
5363:Persian conquests
5248:Shramanic culture
5184:Ganga-Yamuna doab
5086:
5085:
4996:Nayakas of Keladi
4986:Kingdom of Mysore
4976:Bahmani Sultanate
4864:on 6 January 2004
4814:on 6 October 2006
4730:978-81-317-1120-0
4711:978-81-208-3323-4
4673:978-3-643-90953-4
4616:978-1-138-50559-9
4578:978-1-59884-659-1
4559:978-90-04-21754 6
4552:. Boston: Brill.
4385:978-1-947137-36-3
4229:Das (2005), p.647
4191:on 1 October 2007
4154:. 12 January 2017
4127:on 6 October 2006
2971:978-81-206-0595-4
2527:) built prior to
2509:Kalyani Chalukyas
2285:Akhyanakamanikosa
1775:(individual) and
1598:, B.R. Gopal and
592:("descendants of
578:Sangam literature
362:
361:
291:
290:
277:
276:
273:
272:
253:
252:
16:(Redirected from
7527:
7406:Kempegowda Award
7386:Basava Puraskara
7381:Nrupatunga Award
7253:V. Seetharamaiah
7074:
7067:
7060:
7053:
7046:
7039:
7032:
7025:
7023:Western Chalukya
7018:
7011:
7004:
6997:
6990:
6964:Mysore musicians
6894:Channapatna toys
6811:Cities and towns
6764:Dakshina Kannada
6588:
6587:
6554:Veera Ballala II
6489:Kittur Chennamma
6449:Kingdom of Coorg
6424:Chalukya dynasty
6174:
6164:
6157:
6150:
6141:
6140:
6119:
6110:
6101:
6092:Hiltebeitel, Alf
6087:
6069:
6066:
6060:
6057:
6051:
6048:
6042:
6039:
6033:
6030:
6024:
6021:
6015:
6012:
6006:
6003:
5854:Badami Chalukyas
5849:Adivasi (tribes)
5839:Empire of Harsha
5835:Vakataka dynasty
5788:Kalabhra dynasty
5784:Badami Chalukyas
5775:Adivasi (tribes)
5744:Kalabhra dynasty
5710:Kalabhra dynasty
5706:Andhra Ikshvakus
5673:(ca. CE 320-650)
5657:Adivasi (tribes)
5525:Smarta Tradition
5378:Adivasi (tribes)
5293:Adivasi (tribes)
5149:cultural period
5144:
5143:
5140:
5139:
5124:
5117:
5110:
5101:
5100:
5078:
5071:
5064:
4901:
4878:
4877:
4873:
4871:
4869:
4849:
4847:
4845:
4823:
4821:
4819:
4799:
4797:
4795:
4780:
4778:
4776:
4753:
4734:
4715:
4696:
4677:
4658:
4639:
4620:
4601:
4582:
4563:
4544:
4525:
4506:
4489:
4485:978-81-207-52122
4470:
4453:
4436:
4417:
4408:
4389:
4370:
4366:978-81-269-00275
4351:
4332:
4313:
4279:
4278:
4267:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4256:
4236:
4230:
4227:
4221:
4220:
4214:
4210:
4208:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4170:
4164:
4163:
4161:
4159:
4144:
4138:
4136:
4134:
4132:
4123:. Archived from
4112:
4106:
4103:
4097:
4094:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4083:
4060:
4054:
4051:
4045:
4044:
4038:
4030:
4028:
4026:
4010:
4004:
4001:
3995:
3992:
3986:
3983:
3977:
3974:
3968:
3965:
3959:
3956:
3950:
3947:
3941:
3938:
3932:
3929:
3923:
3920:
3914:
3911:
3902:
3899:
3888:
3885:
3879:
3876:
3867:
3864:
3858:
3855:
3849:
3846:
3840:
3837:
3831:
3828:
3822:
3819:
3813:
3810:
3804:
3801:
3795:
3792:
3783:
3780:
3774:
3771:
3765:
3762:
3756:
3753:
3747:
3744:
3738:
3735:
3729:
3726:
3720:
3717:
3711:
3708:
3702:
3699:
3693:
3690:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3679:
3663:
3652:
3649:
3643:
3640:
3629:
3626:
3620:
3617:
3611:
3608:
3602:
3599:
3593:
3590:
3584:
3581:
3575:
3572:
3566:
3563:
3557:
3554:
3548:
3545:
3539:
3536:
3530:
3527:
3521:
3518:
3512:
3509:
3500:
3499:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3444:
3438:
3435:
3429:
3426:
3420:
3417:
3411:
3408:
3397:
3394:
3388:
3385:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3358:
3343:
3340:
3334:
3331:
3325:
3322:
3316:
3313:
3307:
3304:
3298:
3295:
3286:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3266:
3260:
3259:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3204:Visaria, Anish.
3201:
3195:
3192:
3186:
3183:
3174:
3171:
3165:
3162:
3156:
3153:
3147:
3144:
3135:
3132:
3123:
3120:
3103:
3100:
3094:
3091:
3085:
3082:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3050:
3044:
3041:
3032:
3029:
3023:
3020:
3014:
3011:
2994:
2991:
2985:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2955:
2949:
2946:
2929:
2926:
2917:
2914:
2908:
2905:
2899:
2896:
2890:
2889:
2881:
2875:
2872:
2866:
2863:
2854:
2851:
2845:
2842:
2836:
2833:
2827:
2824:
2818:
2815:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2755:
2719:History of India
2687:Pranab Mukherjee
2642:
2639:
2590:
2578:
2566:
2533:
2530:
2454:
2451:
2346:
2343:
2329:
2326:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2208:
2205:
2193:
2190:
2179:
2176:
2136:
2133:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2104:
2101:
1892:Parama-brahmanya
1575:
1572:
1559:
1557:
1548:
1546:
1539:
1537:
1530:
1528:
1521:
1519:
1510:
1508:
1499:
1497:
1490:
1488:
1481:
1479:
1472:
1470:
1463:
1461:
1454:
1452:
1445:
1443:
1436:
1434:
1427:
1425:
1416:
1414:
1405:
1403:
1396:
1394:
1385:
1383:
1376:
1374:
1367:
1365:
1358:
1356:
1347:
1345:
1338:
1336:
1335:ANDHRA IKSHVAKUS
1329:
1327:
1320:
1318:
1311:
1309:
1302:
1300:
1293:
1287:
1204:
1201:
1136:A crown prince (
1095:Rahasyadhikritha
1019:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1002:
961:
958:
950:
947:
931:
928:
924:
921:
905:
902:
898:
895:
891:
888:
873:Dharwad district
870:
867:
859:
856:
825:
822:
818:
815:
803:
800:
788:
785:
641:
638:
625:Shimoga district
622:
619:
612:Birth of Kingdom
551:
548:
523:
520:
516:
513:
425:
422:
374:
371:
354:
347:
340:
293:
292:
269:
268:
261:Chalukya dynasty
257:
256:
244:
243:
230:
229:
223:
222:
207:
206:
151:Krishna Varma II
66:
61:
39:
38:
21:
7535:
7534:
7530:
7529:
7528:
7526:
7525:
7524:
7500:Hindu dynasties
7455:
7454:
7453:
7448:
7410:
7371:Karnataka Ratna
7357:
7309:
7282:
7218:Jagannatha Dasa
7133:Devar Dasimayya
7094:
7070:
7063:
7056:
7049:
7042:
7035:
7028:
7021:
7014:
7007:
7000:
6993:
6986:
6968:
6865:
6793:
6746:Mysore division
6740:
6692:
6644:
6640:Chikkaballapura
6605:Bangalore Rural
6600:Bangalore Urban
6573:
6564:Vikramaditya VI
6559:Vikramaditya II
6484:Shivappa Nayaka
6469:Kadamba dynasty
6375:
6287:
6197:
6182:
6168:
6138:
6133:
6124:
6123:
6122:
6072:
6067:
6063:
6058:
6054:
6049:
6045:
6040:
6036:
6031:
6027:
6022:
6018:
6013:
6009:
6004:
6000:
5990:
5979:
5975:
5973:Medieval Cholas
5971:
5967:
5958:
5933:
5931:Medieval Cholas
5929:
5927:Pandyan kingdom
5925:
5921:
5896:
5894:Pandyan kingdom
5892:
5864:
5860:
5856:
5837:
5814:
5808:Advaita Vedanta
5806:
5790:
5786:
5782:
5759:
5746:
5742:
5716:
5714:Kadamba Dynasty
5712:
5708:
5699:
5678:
5674:
5646:Western Satraps
5608:Kuninda Kingdom
5600:
5579:
5575:
5571:
5567:
5565:
5559:
5550:
5527:
5499:
5479:
5475:
5471:
5467:
5465:
5459:
5396:Greek conquests
5329:
5325:
5251:
5245:
5233:
5227:
5181:
5153:
5148:
5133:
5128:
5091:
5082:
5053:
5052:
5051:
5024:
5016:
5015:
4991:Hyderabad State
4966:Hoysala Kingdom
4946:Chalukya Empire
4932:
4924:
4923:
4909:
4876:
4867:
4865:
4852:
4843:
4841:
4826:
4817:
4815:
4802:
4793:
4791:
4783:
4774:
4772:
4763:
4760:
4750:
4731:
4712:
4693:
4674:
4655:
4636:
4617:
4598:
4579:
4560:
4541:
4522:
4486:
4433:
4405:
4386:
4367:
4348:
4329:
4310:
4294:
4288:
4283:
4282:
4269:
4268:
4264:
4254:
4252:
4243:
4237:
4233:
4228:
4224:
4212:
4211:
4202:
4201:
4194:
4192:
4171:
4167:
4157:
4155:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4130:
4128:
4113:
4109:
4104:
4100:
4095:
4091:
4081:
4079:
4061:
4057:
4052:
4048:
4032:
4031:
4024:
4022:
4011:
4007:
4002:
3998:
3993:
3989:
3984:
3980:
3975:
3971:
3966:
3962:
3957:
3953:
3948:
3944:
3939:
3935:
3930:
3926:
3921:
3917:
3912:
3905:
3900:
3891:
3886:
3882:
3877:
3870:
3865:
3861:
3856:
3852:
3847:
3843:
3838:
3834:
3829:
3825:
3820:
3816:
3811:
3807:
3802:
3798:
3793:
3786:
3781:
3777:
3772:
3768:
3763:
3759:
3754:
3750:
3745:
3741:
3736:
3732:
3727:
3723:
3718:
3714:
3709:
3705:
3700:
3696:
3691:
3687:
3677:
3675:
3664:
3655:
3650:
3646:
3641:
3632:
3627:
3623:
3618:
3614:
3609:
3605:
3600:
3596:
3591:
3587:
3582:
3578:
3573:
3569:
3564:
3560:
3555:
3551:
3546:
3542:
3537:
3533:
3528:
3524:
3519:
3515:
3510:
3503:
3496:
3472:
3468:
3461:
3445:
3441:
3436:
3432:
3427:
3423:
3418:
3414:
3409:
3400:
3395:
3391:
3386:
3382:
3372:
3370:
3359:
3346:
3341:
3337:
3332:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3314:
3310:
3305:
3301:
3296:
3289:
3284:
3280:
3267:
3263:
3242:(1/4): 77ā100.
3228:
3224:
3214:
3212:
3202:
3198:
3193:
3189:
3184:
3177:
3172:
3168:
3163:
3159:
3154:
3150:
3145:
3138:
3133:
3126:
3121:
3106:
3101:
3097:
3092:
3088:
3083:
3074:
3064:
3062:
3051:
3047:
3042:
3035:
3030:
3026:
3021:
3017:
3012:
2997:
2992:
2988:
2983:
2979:
2972:
2956:
2952:
2947:
2932:
2927:
2920:
2915:
2911:
2906:
2902:
2897:
2893:
2882:
2878:
2873:
2869:
2864:
2857:
2852:
2848:
2843:
2839:
2834:
2830:
2825:
2821:
2816:
2809:
2799:
2797:
2786:
2782:
2771:
2767:
2756:
2752:
2747:
2714:Kadambas of Goa
2710:
2666:
2664:In modern times
2640:
2601:
2594:
2591:
2582:
2579:
2570:
2567:
2557:at Rattihalli.
2531:
2452:
2404:
2382:
2344:
2327:
2281:tribhuvanamalla
2251:
2247:
2240:
2236:
2229:
2222:
2206:
2191:
2177:
2171:Mirchchhakatika
2134:
2119:
2115:
2102:
1994:
1845:Gupta dynasties
1831:The end of the
1829:
1824:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1279:
1202:
1099:Sarvakaryakarta
1054:Dharmamaharajas
1038:
1030:
1017:
1010:
1003:
997:
959:
948:
929:
922:
903:
896:
889:
868:
857:
823:
816:
801:
795:Kuntala country
786:
780:
742:
740:
639:
620:
614:
604:empire and the
549:
521:
514:
504:
499:
463:Kadambas of Goa
423:
411:in present-day
372:
358:
297:Kadamba dynasty
266:
248:Pallava dynasty
241:
227:
194:
184:
174:
148:
147:ā¢ 516-540
136:
135:ā¢ 345ā365
104:
90:
69:
68:
64:
47:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Kadamba Dynasty
15:
12:
11:
5:
7533:
7523:
7522:
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7450:
7449:
7447:
7446:
7441:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7420:
7418:
7412:
7411:
7409:
7408:
7403:
7398:
7393:
7388:
7383:
7378:
7373:
7367:
7365:
7359:
7358:
7356:
7355:
7350:
7345:
7340:
7338:National parks
7335:
7330:
7325:
7319:
7317:
7311:
7310:
7308:
7307:
7302:
7296:
7294:
7284:
7283:
7281:
7280:
7275:
7273:D. V. Gundappa
7270:
7265:
7263:M. Govinda Pai
7260:
7255:
7250:
7245:
7240:
7235:
7230:
7225:
7220:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7198:Purandara Dasa
7195:
7193:Ratnakaravarni
7190:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7104:
7102:
7096:
7095:
7093:
7092:
7087:
7082:
7077:
7076:
7075:
7068:
7061:
7054:
7047:
7040:
7033:
7026:
7019:
7012:
7005:
6998:
6991:
6978:
6976:
6970:
6969:
6967:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6951:
6946:
6941:
6936:
6931:
6926:
6924:Karnatik music
6921:
6916:
6911:
6906:
6901:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6875:
6873:
6867:
6866:
6864:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6848:
6843:
6838:
6833:
6828:
6823:
6818:
6813:
6807:
6805:
6799:
6798:
6795:
6794:
6792:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6771:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6754:Chamarajanagar
6750:
6748:
6742:
6741:
6739:
6738:
6733:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6702:
6700:
6694:
6693:
6691:
6690:
6688:Uttara Kannada
6685:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6654:
6652:
6646:
6645:
6643:
6642:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6622:
6617:
6612:
6607:
6602:
6596:
6594:
6585:
6575:
6574:
6572:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6549:Vishnuvardhana
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6479:Keladi Nayakas
6476:
6471:
6466:
6464:Hoysala Empire
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6385:
6383:
6377:
6376:
6374:
6373:
6368:
6366:Transportation
6363:
6358:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6308:
6303:
6297:
6295:
6289:
6288:
6286:
6285:
6279:
6273:
6264:
6255:
6246:
6237:
6235:Asian elephant
6227:
6226:
6217:
6207:
6205:
6199:
6198:
6187:
6184:
6183:
6167:
6166:
6159:
6152:
6144:
6135:
6134:
6130:
6129:
6126:
6125:
6121:
6120:
6111:
6102:
6088:
6078:
6071:
6070:
6061:
6052:
6043:
6034:
6025:
6016:
6007:
5997:
5991:
5988:
5987:
5984:
5983:
5962:
5953:
5951:
5949:
5944:
5938:
5937:
5916:
5914:
5909:
5907:
5901:
5900:
5887:
5882:
5880:
5875:
5869:
5868:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5832:
5830:
5828:Indo-Sassanids
5825:
5819:
5818:
5800:
5792:
5791:
5777:
5772:
5770:
5765:
5763:
5754:
5748:
5747:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5721:
5720:
5703:
5701:Varman dynasty
5692:
5687:
5681:
5680:
5668:
5660:
5659:
5654:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5627:
5626:
5621:
5615:
5614:
5612:
5610:
5605:
5602:Indo-Parthians
5598:Indo-Scythians
5594:
5588:
5587:
5581:
5580:
5554:
5545:
5540:
5534:
5533:
5531:
5489:
5481:
5480:
5454:
5447:
5441:
5440:
5438:
5433:
5426:
5418:
5417:
5414:HISTORICAL AGE
5409:
5408:
5406:
5399:
5392:
5386:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5373:
5368:
5366:
5359:
5353:
5352:
5345:
5316:
5309:
5301:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5288:
5283:
5274:
5269:
5263:
5262:
5255:
5237:
5219:
5211:
5203:
5202:
5194:
5193:
5190:
5187:
5177:
5176:
5174:Southern India
5171:
5170:Central India
5168:
5163:
5150:
5138:
5135:
5134:
5127:
5126:
5119:
5112:
5104:
5098:
5097:
5090:
5089:External links
5087:
5084:
5083:
5081:
5080:
5073:
5066:
5058:
5055:
5054:
5050:
5049:
5044:
5038:
5037:
5032:
5026:
5025:
5022:
5021:
5018:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5008:
5006:Haleri Kingdom
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4933:
4930:
4929:
4926:
4925:
4922:
4921:
4916:
4910:
4907:
4906:
4903:
4902:
4894:
4893:
4887:
4886:
4875:
4874:
4850:
4824:
4800:
4781:
4759:
4756:
4755:
4754:
4749:978-8120827905
4748:
4735:
4729:
4716:
4710:
4697:
4691:
4678:
4672:
4659:
4653:
4640:
4634:
4621:
4615:
4602:
4596:
4583:
4577:
4564:
4558:
4545:
4539:
4526:
4520:
4507:
4490:
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4471:
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4437:
4431:
4418:
4409:
4403:
4390:
4384:
4371:
4365:
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4333:
4327:
4314:
4308:
4293:
4290:
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4281:
4280:
4262:
4231:
4222:
4165:
4139:
4107:
4098:
4089:
4055:
4046:
4005:
3996:
3987:
3978:
3969:
3960:
3951:
3942:
3933:
3924:
3915:
3903:
3889:
3880:
3868:
3859:
3850:
3841:
3832:
3823:
3814:
3805:
3796:
3784:
3775:
3766:
3757:
3748:
3739:
3730:
3721:
3712:
3703:
3694:
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3644:
3630:
3621:
3612:
3603:
3594:
3585:
3576:
3567:
3558:
3549:
3540:
3531:
3522:
3513:
3501:
3494:
3466:
3459:
3439:
3430:
3421:
3412:
3398:
3389:
3380:
3344:
3335:
3326:
3317:
3308:
3299:
3287:
3278:
3261:
3222:
3196:
3187:
3175:
3166:
3157:
3148:
3136:
3124:
3104:
3095:
3086:
3072:
3045:
3033:
3024:
3015:
2995:
2986:
2977:
2970:
2950:
2930:
2918:
2909:
2900:
2891:
2876:
2867:
2855:
2846:
2837:
2828:
2819:
2807:
2780:
2765:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2729:History of Goa
2726:
2721:
2716:
2709:
2706:
2665:
2662:
2648:Kannada script
2600:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2561:
2488:at Arvalem in
2476:(built by the
2400:Main article:
2381:
2378:
2366:Andhra Pradesh
2315:Chhaya-Lakshya
2182:Harshavardhana
2163:Kumarasambhava
2151:Dutagatotkacha
1993:
1990:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1777:non-Brahmadeya
1732:), areca nut (
1620:Uttara Kannada
1568:
1563:
1562:
1282:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1232:), betel tax (
1224:), sales tax (
1103:Dharmadhyaksha
1089:), physician (
1037:
1036:Administration
1034:
996:
993:
779:
776:
613:
610:
503:
500:
498:
495:
477:and later the
436:northern India
360:
359:
357:
356:
349:
342:
334:
331:
330:
329:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
300:
299:
289:
288:
283:
279:
278:
275:
274:
271:
270:
263:
254:
251:
250:
245:
237:
236:
231:
219:
218:
213:
203:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
164:
161:
157:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
137:
134:
131:
130:
127:
126:
123:
117:
116:
113:
109:
108:
99:
95:
94:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
63:
62:
54:
53:
49:
48:
45:
42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7532:
7521:
7518:
7516:
7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7481:
7478:
7476:
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7471:
7468:
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7430:
7427:
7425:
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7419:
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7413:
7407:
7404:
7402:
7399:
7397:
7394:
7392:
7389:
7387:
7384:
7382:
7379:
7377:
7374:
7372:
7369:
7368:
7366:
7364:
7360:
7354:
7351:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7343:Hindu temples
7341:
7339:
7336:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7320:
7318:
7316:
7312:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7297:
7295:
7293:
7289:
7285:
7279:
7276:
7274:
7271:
7269:
7266:
7264:
7261:
7259:
7256:
7254:
7251:
7249:
7246:
7244:
7241:
7239:
7236:
7234:
7231:
7229:
7226:
7224:
7221:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7148:Allama Prabhu
7146:
7144:
7143:Akka Mahadevi
7141:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7118:Adikavi Pampa
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7105:
7103:
7101:
7097:
7091:
7088:
7086:
7083:
7081:
7078:
7073:
7069:
7066:
7062:
7059:
7055:
7052:
7048:
7045:
7041:
7038:
7034:
7031:
7027:
7024:
7020:
7017:
7016:Western Ganga
7013:
7010:
7006:
7003:
6999:
6996:
6992:
6989:
6985:
6984:
6983:
6980:
6979:
6977:
6975:
6971:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6949:Udupi cuisine
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6939:Mysore Dasara
6937:
6935:
6932:
6930:
6927:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6907:
6905:
6904:Gaarudi Gombe
6902:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6879:Bharatanatyam
6877:
6876:
6874:
6872:
6868:
6862:
6861:Western Ghats
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6841:Highest point
6839:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6808:
6806:
6804:
6800:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6751:
6749:
6747:
6743:
6737:
6734:
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6729:
6727:
6724:
6722:
6719:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6709:
6707:
6704:
6703:
6701:
6699:
6695:
6689:
6686:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6655:
6653:
6651:
6647:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6613:
6611:
6608:
6606:
6603:
6601:
6598:
6597:
6595:
6593:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6580:
6576:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6524:Srirangapatna
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6509:Pulakeshin II
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6394:Alupa dynasty
6392:
6390:
6387:
6386:
6384:
6382:
6378:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6298:
6296:
6294:
6290:
6284:
6280:
6278:
6277:Carnatic carp
6274:
6272:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6250:
6247:
6245:
6244:Indian roller
6241:
6238:
6236:
6232:
6229:
6228:
6225:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6212:
6209:
6208:
6206:
6204:
6203:State symbols
6200:
6196:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6181:
6177:
6173:
6165:
6160:
6158:
6153:
6151:
6146:
6145:
6142:
6117:
6112:
6108:
6103:
6099:
6098:
6093:
6089:
6085:
6080:
6079:
6077:
6076:
6065:
6056:
6047:
6038:
6029:
6020:
6011:
6002:
5998:
5996:
5995:
5985:
5982:
5978:
5974:
5970:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5939:
5936:
5932:
5928:
5924:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5902:
5899:
5895:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5881:
5879:
5874:
5871:
5870:
5867:
5863:
5859:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5829:
5824:
5821:
5820:
5817:
5813:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5798:
5794:
5793:
5789:
5785:
5781:
5780:Vishnukundina
5778:
5776:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5762:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5740:Vishnukundina
5738:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5723:
5722:
5719:
5715:
5711:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5698:
5697:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5666:
5662:
5661:
5658:
5655:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5641:Kushan Empire
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5628:
5625:
5624:Kushan Empire
5620:
5617:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5603:
5599:
5593:
5590:
5589:
5586:
5583:
5582:
5578:
5574:
5570:
5564:
5563:
5562:Sangam period
5558:
5553:
5549:
5548:Shunga Empire
5544:
5539:
5536:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5526:
5522:
5521:Brahma Sutras
5518:
5517:Bhagavad Gita
5514:
5510:
5506:
5502:
5497:
5493:
5488:
5487:
5483:
5482:
5478:
5474:
5470:
5464:
5463:
5462:Sangam period
5458:
5455:
5453:
5452:
5451:Maurya Empire
5446:
5443:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5431:
5425:
5424:
5420:
5419:
5416:
5415:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5404:
5397:
5391:
5388:
5387:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5358:
5355:
5354:
5351:
5350:
5344:
5340:
5336:
5332:
5328:
5324:
5322:
5315:
5314:
5308:
5307:
5303:
5302:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5264:
5261:
5260:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5243:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5225:
5218:
5217:
5210:
5209:
5205:
5204:
5201:
5200:
5195:
5191:
5188:
5185:
5179:
5178:
5175:
5167:
5161:
5157:
5145:
5142:
5141:
5136:
5132:
5125:
5120:
5118:
5113:
5111:
5106:
5105:
5102:
5096:
5093:
5092:
5079:
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5072:
5067:
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5060:
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5057:
5056:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
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5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5027:
5020:
5019:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4928:
4927:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4911:
4905:
4904:
4900:
4896:
4895:
4892:
4889:
4888:
4884:
4880:
4879:
4863:
4859:
4855:
4851:
4839:
4835:
4834:
4829:
4825:
4813:
4809:
4808:Deccan Herald
4805:
4801:
4790:
4786:
4782:
4770:
4766:
4762:
4761:
4751:
4745:
4741:
4736:
4732:
4726:
4722:
4717:
4713:
4707:
4703:
4698:
4694:
4692:81-224-1198-3
4688:
4684:
4679:
4675:
4669:
4665:
4660:
4656:
4654:0-19-509984-2
4650:
4646:
4641:
4637:
4635:0-19-560686-8
4631:
4627:
4622:
4618:
4612:
4608:
4603:
4599:
4597:81-260-1194-7
4593:
4589:
4584:
4580:
4574:
4570:
4565:
4561:
4555:
4551:
4546:
4542:
4540:81-208-0026-5
4536:
4532:
4527:
4523:
4521:81-208-0436-8
4517:
4513:
4512:Ancient India
4508:
4504:
4500:
4496:
4491:
4487:
4481:
4477:
4472:
4468:
4464:
4460:
4455:
4451:
4447:
4443:
4438:
4434:
4432:81-7017-312-4
4428:
4424:
4419:
4415:
4410:
4406:
4404:81-7201-798-7
4400:
4396:
4391:
4387:
4381:
4377:
4372:
4368:
4362:
4358:
4353:
4349:
4347:81-219-0153-7
4343:
4339:
4334:
4330:
4328:81-208-0325-6
4324:
4320:
4315:
4311:
4309:81-250-2912-5
4305:
4301:
4296:
4295:
4276:
4272:
4266:
4251:. 21 May 2012
4250:
4246:
4241:
4235:
4226:
4218:
4213:|author=
4206:
4190:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4174:
4169:
4153:
4152:Deccan Herald
4149:
4143:
4126:
4122:
4121:Deccan Herald
4118:
4111:
4102:
4093:
4077:
4073:
4072:
4067:
4059:
4050:
4042:
4036:
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3928:
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3910:
3908:
3898:
3896:
3894:
3884:
3875:
3873:
3863:
3854:
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3809:
3800:
3791:
3789:
3779:
3770:
3761:
3752:
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3734:
3725:
3716:
3707:
3698:
3689:
3673:
3669:
3662:
3660:
3658:
3648:
3639:
3637:
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3625:
3616:
3607:
3598:
3589:
3580:
3571:
3562:
3553:
3544:
3535:
3526:
3517:
3508:
3506:
3497:
3495:81-208-0592-5
3491:
3487:
3484:. New Delhi:
3483:
3482:
3477:
3470:
3462:
3456:
3452:
3451:
3443:
3434:
3425:
3416:
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3405:
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2973:
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2775:Ancient India
2769:
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2353:mrigiyavilasa
2350:
2349:mrigiyavinoda
2339:
2338:
2333:
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2321:
2316:
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2307:
2306:
2300:
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2164:
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2125:
2110:
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2097:
2096:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2072:
2070:
2065:
2061:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1989:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1868:
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1858:
1854:
1849:
1846:
1842:
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1817:
1813:
1812:
1811:Pampa Bharata
1808:(c. 900) and
1807:
1806:
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1797:
1793:
1788:
1786:
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1778:
1774:
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645:
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630:
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586:Manavya Gotra
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441:
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311:Kakusthavarma
309:
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304:
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282:Today part of
280:
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232:
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7243:D. R. Bendre
7178:Kumara Vyasa
7037:Vijayanagara
6846:Bayalu Seeme
6731:Vijayanagara
6544:Vijayanagara
6499:Mayurasharma
6468:
6434:Deva Raya II
6399:Amoghavarsha
6301:Architecture
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5239:
5224:Vedic Period
5221:
5216:Vedic Period
5213:
5207:
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5197:
5160:Sapta Sindhu
5147:Timeline and
5030:Architecture
4936:
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4862:the original
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2669:Kadambotsava
2668:
2667:
2651:
2650:inscription
2645:
2625:Chandravalli
2622:
2618:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2602:
2554:
2551:Trikutachala
2550:
2546:
2539:
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2516:
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2494:Ardhamantapa
2493:
2470:Ardhamantapa
2469:
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2332:Matsya-vedha
2331:
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2309:
2303:
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2296:
2292:
2289:mushtiyuddha
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2271:
2267:
2263:calisthenics
2258:
2256:
2214:
2210:
2199:
2194:) and other
2186:
2170:
2162:
2154:
2150:
2138:
2127:
2106:
2095:Dharmasutras
2093:
2090:Atharva Veda
2082:Vedic period
2075:
2073:
2068:
2057:
2035:
2033:
2028:
2022:
2018:
2010:
1995:
1968:
1962:
1957:
1953:
1945:
1939:
1932:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1903:
1900:Mayurasharma
1891:
1887:
1883:
1869:
1850:
1830:
1815:
1809:
1805:Vaddaradhane
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1789:
1784:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1760:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1716:; dry land (
1713:
1710:bhatta mannu
1709:
1706:akki galdege
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1683:
1673:
1669:
1663:
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1654:
1650:
1646:
1640:
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1632:
1628:
1624:
1581:
1371:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
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1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1195:
1187:
1183:
1180:Karnata desa
1179:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1122:
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1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1062:
1057:
1053:
1047:
1028:
998:
967:
938:D. C. Sircar
917:
909:pralayaanala
908:
880:
861:
852:
840:South Canara
832:
805:
781:
746:
736:
734:
724:Chandravalli
703:
699:
695:
691:
680:Mayurasharma
664:Brihad-Banas
655:
652:Ashvasanstha
651:
647:
629:Mayurasharma
615:
593:
590:HaritiputrÄs
589:
585:
559:
527:
448:
417:Mayurasharma
396:
394:
306:Mayurasharma
296:
216:Succeeded by
215:
210:
140:Mayurasharma
36:
7376:Pampa Award
7213:Gopala Dasa
7208:Vijaya Dasa
7203:Kanaka Dasa
7168:Rudrabhatta
7113:Gunavarma I
7100:Noted poets
7009:Rashtrakuta
6759:Chikmagalur
6635:Ramanagara
6610:Chitradurga
6529:Tipu Sultan
6100:, Routledge
5981:Rashtrakuta
5885:Pala Empire
5878:Kabul Shahi
5761:Kabul Shahi
5735:Alchon Huns
5513:Mahabharata
5436:Pre-history
5349:Pre-history
5259:Pre-history
4868:13 November
4844:28 November
4818:28 November
4794:28 November
4775:28 November
4195:28 November
4158:13 February
4131:28 November
4082:28 November
4025:28 November
3678:28 November
3373:28 November
3065:28 November
2800:28 November
2652:Srimanaragi
2532: 1180
2420:garbhagriha
2357:Manasollasa
2345: 1129
2337:Manasollasa
2310:Agni Purana
2305:Agni Purana
2297:mallakalaga
2293:mallayuddha
2252: 1600
2248: 1400
2241: 1400
2237: 1000
2230: 1000
2223: 1000
2124:Yagnavalkya
2098:(400 BCE ā
2019:Padmapurana
2017:(author of
2009:'s classic
1969:Sangharamas
1896:Vaishnavism
1781:Shikaripura
1744:), pulses (
1308:ARJUNAYANAS
1222:Vaddaravula
1127:Dandanayaka
1075:Manevergade
1050:Satavahanas
712:Tungabhadra
688:Arabian Sea
656:Antarapalas
550: 1189
522: 1196
515: 1180
479:Satavahanas
459:Rashtrakuta
211:Preceded by
7459:Categories
7439:Television
7429:Newspapers
7353:Waterfalls
7163:Raghavanka
7153:Siddharama
6988:Milestones
6974:Literature
6959:Yakshagana
6909:Ilkal sari
6716:Kalaburagi
6615:Davanagere
6504:Pattadakal
6321:Demography
6262:Sandalwood
5994:References
5947:Ghaznavids
5757:Nezak Huns
5023:Categories
4858:G.S Prabhu
4286:References
4255:30 January
3460:0226742210
2641: 450
2614:Nalachampu
2453: 450
2328: 941
2277:ahavamalla
2259:Agnipurana
2250: ā c.
2239: ā c.
2207: 700
2192: 625
2178: 510
2143:Vatsyayana
2135: 400
2120: 300
2118: ā c.
2116: 100
2103: 100
2060:hero stone
2003:ÅvetÄmbara
1912:ashvamedha
1833:Satavahana
1792:mahanagara
1773:Brahmadeya
1740:), wheat (
1702:akki gadde
1364:TOCHARIANS
1290:South Asia
1270:hero stone
1203: 692
1192:Satavahana
1184:mandapikas
1164:Dashagrama
1160:Mahagramas
1091:Deshamatya
1079:Tantrapala
1018: 540
1011: 530
1004: 519
960: 519
949: 519
942:Davanagere
930: 519
923: 485
904: 475
897: 460
890: 485
882:ashvamedha
869: 455
862:pattatraya
858: 455
824: 435
817: 435
802: 390
787: 365
750:Malaprabha
716:Malaprabha
690:(known as
640: 345
621: 450
602:Satavahana
582:Subramanya
541:, and the
424: 345
373: 450
326:Bhageerath
316:Kangavarma
112:Government
7434:Magazines
7223:Lakshmisa
7183:Chamarasa
7123:Sri Ponna
7090:Karnataka
6954:Veeragase
6889:Bidriware
6884:Buta Kola
6816:Districts
6803:Geography
6583:divisions
6579:Districts
6439:Durvinita
6414:Balligavi
6341:Geography
6336:Folk arts
6331:Education
6293:Overviews
6194:Bengaluru
6180:Karnataka
5898:Kalachuri
5690:Kidarites
5047:Societies
5042:Economies
4833:The Hindu
4205:cite news
4184:The Hindu
4071:The Hindu
3248:0045-9801
2679:Raj Kumar
2677:starring
2466:Sukhanasa
2362:Jalandhar
2320:Adipurana
2155:Urubhanga
2105:)and the
2069:ripu-mari
2053:Parthians
2011:Adipurana
1999:Digambara
1950:Pujyapada
1936:Balligavi
1908:Kshatriya
1888:Brahmanya
1769:Mahajanas
1759:Village (
1738:joladakey
1698:nir mannu
1674:khandugas
1651:kuripatti
1642:gosahasra
1518:SASANIANS
1496:VAKATAKAS
1478:KIDARITES
1460:SAMATATAS
1402:LICCHAVIS
1344:KALABHRAS
1299:YAUDHEYAS
1258:mandapika
1242:anthakara
1131:Senapathi
980:Karnataka
934:Vakatakas
778:Expansion
772:Kshatriya
660:Srisailam
606:Chalukyas
588:and were
570:Talagunda
428:Vakatakas
401:Karnataka
98:Religion
7505:Kadambas
7228:Sarvajna
7158:Harihara
7051:Haridasa
7002:Medieval
6851:Malenadu
6836:Villages
6663:Belagavi
6658:Bagalkot
6630:Tumakuru
6519:Sringeri
6444:Halebidu
6409:Banavasi
6371:Wildlife
6281:Insect:
6094:(2002),
5768:Maitraka
5653:kingdom
5651:Kamarupa
5509:Ramayana
5335:Buddhism
5281:Panchala
5272:Gandhara
5232:culture)
5199:IRON AGE
4937:Kadambas
4931:Polities
4883:a series
4881:Part of
4503:13869730
4035:cite web
3256:42936410
3215:14 April
2708:See also
2599:Language
2486:laterite
2478:Hoysalas
2457:Agrahara
2432:Shikhara
2370:Vidarbha
2167:Shudraka
2159:Kalidasa
2086:Rig Veda
2051:and the
2015:Ravisena
2007:Jinasena
2001:and the
1977:Hinayana
1973:Mahayana
1965:Xuanzang
1941:Agrahara
1876:Pallavas
1872:Hinduism
1837:Hinduism
1827:Religion
1655:turpatti
1627:(female
1588:Kalburgi
1554:SASANIAN
1527:SAKASTAN
1516:KUSHANO-
1442:KAMARUPA
1422:SASANIAN
1382:PALLAVAS
1373:KADAMBAS
1317:MADRAKAS
1230:Kirukula
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