752:
127:
147:
1824:
246:
2085:
1690:
1001:. The climate is generally warm and moderate, with an average annual temperature of around 10 °C. The coldest month is January, with an average temperature of −5.9 °C, while the hottest month is August, with an average temperature of 24.7 °C. The average annual rainfall ranges from 1,300 to 1,400 millimeters. The duration of frost-free period is 180 days—the longest in North Korea. About 55% of Kaesong is forested (80% of the trees are pines), and 40 species of mammals and 250 birds inhabit the area.
116:
1682:
3921:
226:
156:
136:
4079:
2311:
167:
253:
2066:
North Korea and South Korea jointly operate an industrial complex in the
Kaesong Industrial Region. The industrial park, built around 2005, employs over 53,400 North Koreans at over 120 South Korean textile and other labor-intensive factories. In early 2013, approximately 887 South Koreans worked in
2244:
in 1917, and expanded to the Songdo School
Foundation in 1950 with the accreditation for the establishment of Songdo Middle School and Songdo College of Pharmacy, the latter of which produced 40 graduates. However, when the Korean War occurred, the foundation was moved to Incheon, and reconstructed
2248:
By 1950, there were two public high schools: Kaeseong High School (개성중학교; 開城中學校) and
Kaeseong Girls' High School (개성고등여학교; 開城高等女學校) and three private high schools: Songdo High School (송도중학교; 松都中學校), Jeonghwa Girls' School (정화여학교;貞和女學校) and Hosudon Girls' School (호수돈여학교; 好壽敦女學校). Like Songdo High
1556:
Kwanhun-dong (관훈동/冠訓洞): The place was named as such due to the fact that the place had a 'Hunryonwon' (an institution that hired military officials and soldiers during the Joseon dynasty) and
Gwaegwanhyon (also called, 'Gatgoljae', a place where Goryeo scholars protested by refusing to take the
2264:
There were also eight public elementary schools (국민학교) in
Kaeseong by 1950, they were the Manwol (만월; 滿月), Donghyun (동현; 銅峴), Seonjuk (선죽; 善竹), Koryo (고려; 高麗), Songdo (송도; 松都), Junggyeong (중경; 中京), Namsan (남산; 南山) and Deokam (덕암; 德岩) elementary schools.
1915:, is a holiday food of Kaesong, and known for the delicate style with the sweet and nutty taste. The dish is made by kneading a mixture of rice flour and glutinous rice flour with warm water, by shaping the dough into balls with either one
2021:
has been the primary business along with the production of grocery goods, daily general goods, and ginseng products after the division into the two states. The food processing industry ranks next to the textile business, mainly producing
921:(757 m), Sŏnggŏ, Myoji (764 m), Suryong (716 m), Chesŏk (749 m), Hwajang (558 m), and Ogwan. With the exception of the mountainous northeastern region, however, most areas of Kaesong consist of low hills with heights less than 100 meters
1985:
are active. Peach is a local specialty of
Kaesong, especially white peach, which accounts for more than 25% of the total fruit production. The counties of Kaepung-gun and Panmun-gun are also known for cultivating the quality Korean
828:
control over
Kaesong making it the only city to change control from South Korea to North Korea as a result of the war. Postwar Kaesong and the part of Kyonggi Province that came to be occupied was organized into "Kaesong Region"
712:'s reign, it was elevated to "Gaesong-bu". The Gaeseong-bu is a combined term of Song'ak-gun, and Gaesong-gun, which is different from the region of the pre-1945 Gaesong-ri, Seo-myeon, Kaepung-gun. In 1010, the first year of
4104:
591:
left the city under North Korean control. Due to the city's proximity to the border with South Korea, Kaesong has hosted cross-border economic exchanges between the two countries as well as the jointly run
3447:
2948:
704:. Taejo established the capital in the south of Song'ak, and incorporated Kaesong into Song'ak under the name of "Gaeju". In 919, Kaesong became the national capital. In 960, the 11th year of
3268:
3440:
3909:
3887:
3433:
2272:(village), 60 middle-high schools, 3 colleges and 3 universities such as Songdo University of Politics, Kaesong University of Education, and Kaesong Communist University.
2060:
899:
2376:
3359:
1977:
and Panmun are the two primary regions, producing more than 70% of the rice production. In addition, vegetable and fruit cultivation including peach, apple and
1729:
As the former capital of Goryeo, the tombs of almost all of the Goryeo kings are located in the area, though most are not accessible; the heavily reconstructed
2954:
1774:
1758:
1750:
940:
1766:
1742:
623:, the double-walled fortress of Kaesong. As Kaesong has been occupied by various states throughout centuries, its name has changed. It was in the realm of
3406:
3383:
2667:
1536:
943:
drain into the Han. The river basin located in the southwest of
Kaesong has spacious alluvial plains such as P'ungdŏkbŏl, Singwangbŏl, and Samsŏngbŏl.
3902:
2233:
2173:, one kilometer north of Seonjukgyo bridge is a representative traditional educational institution in Kaesong. It was founded in the neighborhood of
2527:
1847:
cuisine, since
Kaesong belonged to Gyeonggi Province until 1950. However, it has been incorporated into the administration of North Korea after the
3003:
620:
3681:
3265:
2931:
2901:
2394:
2119:
1539:, as well as three villages ("ri"). After Kaesong promoted to Special City, Changpung County, Kaepung-guyok and Panmun-guyok return to Kaesong.
680:'s reign, Kaesong was referred to as "Song'ak (송악; 松嶽)". Therefore, it is assumed that the name Song'ak had been used at least before the time.
2147:
2088:
1711:
903:
3917:
3034:
1805:(Taejo of Joseon). The two final tombs, despite belonging to members of the Joseon royal family, were excluded from the World Heritage Site
3895:
2174:
717:
2226:
2151:
918:
720:, so in 1018, Gaesong-bu was relegated for the "bu" system, and became to govern the three hyeon unites of Jeongju, Deoksu, and Gangeum.
3091:
2971:
2632:
3299:
3283:
2067:
the complex, which produced an estimated $ 470 million of goods in 2012, and the complex employed a sixth of
Kaesong's working people.
939:. In addition to the two rivers, small and large rivers and streams such as the Samich'ŏn, Wŏlamch'ŏn, Chukbaech'ŏn, Kŭmsŏngch'ŏn, and
802:
616:
274:
2408:
2478:
2240:
in 1906, with the help of American missionaries Mr. Wasson, and Mr. Candler. It obtained authorization as Songdo High School from
1718:, contains many priceless Goryeo arts and cultural relics (although many are copies, with the originals held in the vaults of the
935:(禮成江) (Ryeseong-gang; 례성강) (transliterated in South Korea as Yeseong-gang; 예성강) runs along the western border to the mouth of the
3460:
1703:
1515:
Before 2002, what is now Kaesong Directly Governed City was divided into one city (Kaesŏng itself) and one county and two wards:
339:
2094:
Kaesong is a major destination for foreign visitors to North Korea. Many Goryeo-era sites are located in Kaesong, including the
898:
Municipality lies just south, beyond a narrow channel. It covers an area of 1,309 km, the urban district is surrounded by
2858:
2840:
2822:
2804:
2786:
2768:
2750:
2732:
2714:
688:
Silla began to decline in the late 9th century, and a period of rival warlords ensued. In 898, Kaesong fell under the hand of
3648:
3223:
2056:, musical instruments, and glass are produced. Kaesong has factories for producing agricultural machines and tractor repair.
1835:
for 487 years, its culinary culture was highly developed. The luxurious style of Kaesong cuisine is frequently compared with
3159:
993:. The soil comprises generally brown forest soil while the areas drained by Yesŏng, Imjin, and Han rivers consist of mostly
751:
3674:
1501:
849:
was formed from part of Kaesong. In 2003, the remaining part of Kaesong (excluding the Industrial Region) became part of
245:
1973:, wheat, and barley are the main crops. Among them, rice production accounts for 60% of the whole grain production, and
3218:
Dormels, Rainer. North Korea's Cities: Industrial facilities, internal structures and typification. Jimoondang, 2014.
3133:
564:. Called Songdo while it was the ancient capital of Goryeo, the city prospered as a trade centre that produced Korean
4109:
3366:
1806:
1957:
system is established with 18 reservoirs, including Songdo Reservoir, built for agricultural advances and about 150
1527:. In 2003, P'anmun-gun and part of Kaesong-si were separated from Kaesŏng Directly Governed City and merged to form
727:(or Manjeok) (만적; 萬積) led a group of slaves who gathered outside Kaesong in 1198. The revolt plot was suppressed by
1014:
3667:
3538:
2911:
2533:
225:
98:
3925:
3716:
3698:
3690:
3601:
3583:
3238:
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School, Jeonghwa and Hosudon Girls' Schools, with the teachers and most students, evacuated south during the
1719:
1707:
906:
mountains. The city center surrounds the much smaller Mt. Janam (103 m), on which is located the city's
793:(KPA) in the first days of the Korean War. The city was recaptured by UN Forces on 9 October 1950 during the
525:
177:
40:
2660:
2150:
are located in the area, as well as a large, recently discovered Goryeo-era Buddha carved into the stone on
3643:
3062:
813:
intervention in the war. Kaesong would remain under Chinese/North Korean control until the end of the war.
723:
In the late 12th century, there was instability in both the government and the countryside. A slave named
146:
2537:
4069:
2037:
821:
810:
588:
3425:
2928:
2915:
3638:
2398:
2241:
1932:
1528:
1010:
854:
846:
758:
statue in Kaesong, as it appeared in October 2012. The statue has since been updated and a statue of
593:
580:
576:
553:
549:
185:
181:
126:
3247:
2338:
728:
583:, "Kaijō". Between 1945 and 1950, Kaesong was part of South Korea and under its control. During the
3525:
874:
Located in the center of Korea, Kaesong is the southernmost city of North Korea. It is bordered by
869:
786:
316:
306:
3568:
3563:
3548:
3543:
3067:
1818:
1532:
850:
790:
533:
2070:
Amid tensions in 2013, the industrial park was temporarily closed. It was closed again in 2016.
1737:, is located to the west of the city in Kaepung-gun. Other notable tombs include those of kings
3573:
3553:
3197:
2565:
2079:
612:
2596:
3088:
2985:
2646:
1600:
85:
3296:
3277:
3205:, vol. VI (9th ed.), New York, NY: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1878, pp. 390–394
3108:
2198:
2131:
2127:
1823:
1782:
1746:
1730:
914:
2268:
As of 2002, Kaesong had 80 each public elementary schools which scattered in each unit of
8:
4046:
3806:
2490:
2190:
2182:
2135:
2123:
2095:
1794:
1762:
1754:
1700:
1693:
1616:
1615:
Pugan-dong (북안동/北安洞): Named as such because it was comfortably in the northern plains of
1596:
1592:
1586:
1585:
Naman-dong (남안동/南安洞): Named as such because it was comfortably in the southern plains of
775:
713:
705:
411:
4083:
3558:
3493:
3309:
3039:
3008:
2604:
2217:, Confucian scholars of the time taught there as professors. In 1592, the 25th year of
2155:
2143:
2084:
1798:
1579:
794:
709:
3253:
3510:
3505:
3219:
2977:
2907:
2638:
2552:
A concise history of Korea: from the neolithic period through the nineteenth century.
2206:
2126:(개성 첨성대; 開城 瞻星臺) observatory. Located to the west of the city are the tombs of Kings
1844:
1790:
1778:
1770:
1738:
1453:
936:
767:
663:
624:
4099:
3533:
3468:
3456:
3414:
3352:
3326:
2218:
2107:
2018:
1710:(Light Industry), Communist University and Art College are located in Kaesong. The
1689:
1516:
917:
range creates the northernmost border of Kaesong City. This range consists of Mts.
798:
644:
489:
483:
454:
395:
189:
2214:
607:
The earliest archaeological signs of habitation in the Kaesong area date from the
3303:
3287:
3272:
3242:
3169:
3095:
2935:
2285:
2053:
1962:
1958:
1840:
1802:
1734:
922:
736:
701:
520:
448:
1535:
in 2002. Kaesong is currently divided into 24 administrative districts known as
115:
2494:
2225:
reconstructed the institution which was burned down by the Japanese during the
1998:
1681:
891:
677:
569:
433:
429:
2666:(in Korean). Korea Meteorological Administration. pp. 224, 336, and 345.
2597:"Bae, sae 'chianchongsu'e gimjeongho…"Gaeseongsi, teugbyeolsilo seung-gyeog""
2566:"Bronze statues of great Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il unveiled in Kaesong City"
4093:
3391:
3136:[Sister Cities] (in Spanish). Municipalidad del Cusco. Archived from
2699:
2661:"30 years report of Meteorological Observations in North Korea (1991 ~ 2020)"
2404:
2115:
2103:
1874:
1637:
1520:
1288:
994:
932:
289:
276:
3396:
3137:
2582:
2388:
2289:
2170:
2111:
2099:
2033:
1954:
1863:
1715:
1524:
883:
816:
Ceasefire negotiations began in Kaesong on 10 July 1951, but were moved to
779:
4105:
Directly Governed Cities and Special Administrative Regions of North Korea
2284:
and other cities by rail and highways. The city's main railway station is
1785:). Kaesong also contains North Korea's only two royal tombs dating to the
3920:
3236:
Gaeseong Industrial District Foundation Foreign Investment Support Center
2366:
2245:
Songdo Middle and High Schools in 1953 which still exist to the present.
2014:
1982:
1950:
1021:), with cold, dry winters and hot, humid summers with abundant rainfall.
998:
947:
928:
907:
825:
806:
759:
755:
672:
557:
529:
3659:
1801:, containing the remains of Queen Sinui, wife of the dynasty's founder,
155:
135:
3455:
2981:
2642:
2414:
2347:
2296:
2250:
2237:
2041:
2006:
1938:
1848:
771:
708:'s reign, the city was renamed Gaegyeong, and in 995, the 14th year of
640:
584:
3196:
2876:
4031:
3939:
3775:
3706:
3591:
2382:
2357:
2281:
2139:
2002:
1978:
1900:
1880:
1868:
1723:
1572:
1568:
1562:
986:
982:
955:
879:
817:
782:, Kaesong was on the southern side of the line (within South Korea).
608:
561:
402:
2457:
4056:
3975:
3851:
3831:
3816:
3750:
3498:
3488:
3258:
2692:
2332:
2178:
2106:. Less-known sites include Kwandok Pavilion, the ruined Goryeo-era
1916:
1887:
962:
951:
833:개성 지구; 開城 地區). In 1957, Kaesong became a "Directly Governed City" (
648:
632:
423:
3235:
739:, he moved the Korean capital from Kaesong to Hanyang (modern-day
716:'s reign, the palace and houses were almost burnt down during the
4051:
4041:
4026:
4021:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3970:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3846:
3826:
3821:
3811:
3785:
3780:
3770:
3760:
3481:
3476:
3291:
2953:(in Korean). Korea Knowledge Portal. 19 June 2009. Archived from
2370:
2328:
2258:
2222:
2210:
1987:
1974:
1970:
1942:
1544:
966:
958:
895:
887:
875:
724:
693:
689:
565:
541:
3060:
2479:
Historic Map: Geographic overview Japan & Korea 1945 AD – 1B
2417:(died 1981), North Korean actress and a mistress of Kim Jong Il.
676:, when a castle was built in the site in 694, the third year of
3996:
3836:
3790:
3765:
3515:
3313:
3032:
2361:
2351:
2342:
2194:
2186:
2049:
2010:
1920:
1854:
1832:
1786:
1558:
990:
978:
732:
697:
652:
636:
545:
407:
54:
1843:
cuisine. Kaesong cuisine was traditionally treated as part of
4036:
3991:
3856:
3841:
3755:
3729:
3724:
3619:
3614:
3336:
2315:
2254:
2159:
2045:
1966:
1896:
1836:
931:
flows along the northeastern border line of the city and the
740:
659:
537:
504:
69:
731:. When Yi Song-gye overthrew Goryeo in 1392 and established
166:
3035:"North Korea Threatens to Close Factory It Runs With South"
2310:
2024:
1946:
974:
970:
507:
495:
472:
460:
3344:
1619:. Kaesong Students' and Children's Palace is located here.
1550:
Haeun-dong (해운동/海雲洞): Named after pavilion called Haeunru.
805:
the city on 16 December 1950 during the withdrawal to the
469:
2029:
2013:
period, Kaesong had been a center of handcrafts such as
2059:
As of 2002, the city contained the headquarters of the
700:
in 919 by its founder, Wang Geon, who was enthroned as
2154:. Most tourists to Kaesong are put in the traditional
2005:
processing factory, ginseng processing factory and an
615:, stone ware, and stone axes have been excavated from
4067:
2232:
The first modern school that appeared in Kaesong was
501:
492:
466:
457:
3004:"North Korea Shuts Last Military Hot Lines to South"
2236:(한영서원; 韓英書院), or Anglo-Korean School established by
2063:, with branches also in Kapung and Panmun counties.
213:
498:
463:
3061:Alastair Gale and Jeyup S. Kwaak (26 April 2013).
2341:(1149–1219), a military ruler of Korea during the
2299:line in this city, but it never came to fruition.
1949:, Kaesong has advantageous natural conditions for
860:In October 2019, Kaesong became a "Special City".
599:As of 2009, the city had a population of 192,578.
3033:Choe Sang-Hun and Gerry Mullany (30 March 2013).
2938:(in Korean) Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
2627:
2625:
2623:
1827:A meal for visitors at Tongil restaurant, Kaesong
820:, southeast of the city, on 25 October 1951. The
4091:
2973:개성직할시 산업과 교통 (Industry and transport of Kaesong)
2966:
2964:
2577:
2575:
2138:, a Koguryo satellite fortress built to protect
1578:Naesŏng-dong (내성동/內城洞): Named after Naeseong of
1553:Chanam-dong (자남동/子男洞): Named after Mount Chanam.
913:In the northern part of Kaesong, the end of the
3089:개성직할시 교육과 문화 (Education and Culture of Kaesong)
2896:
2894:
3126:
3082:
2620:
2583:"Kaesŏng | North Korea | Britannica"
2434:In the 19th century, Kaesong was also spelled
2001:centre. The urban district is equipped with a
762:has been added next to the Kim Il-sung statue.
587:, North Korea captured the city, and the 1953
3926:North Korea cities with a 200,000+ population
3903:
3675:
3441:
3360:
3001:
2961:
2941:
2572:
579:from 1910 to 1945, the city was known by the
344:
3054:
2891:
2491:"City population by sex, city and city type"
207:
201:
74:
59:
2554:pp. 99–102. Rowman & Littlefield, 2006.
2522:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2512:
1851:while Gyeonggi Province is in South Korea.
1510:
3910:
3896:
3682:
3668:
3448:
3434:
3367:
3353:
3063:"Seoul to Pull Workers out of North Korea"
2563:
2379:(1938–2017), Father of Taekwondo in Canada
1965:accounts for 27% of Kaesong's area. Rice,
1809:because of their location in North Korea.
1793:, belonging to the dynasty's second king,
3689:
3254:North Korea opens hidden city to tourists
2877:"Historic Monuments and Sites in Kaesong"
2483:
2385:(1928–), Korean-American print journalist
2322:
2209:'s reign, the structure was revamped and
1961:as well as hundreds of dammed pools. The
1923:, by frying and coating them with syrup.
568:. Kaesong now functions as North Korea's
3248:German website about the City of Kaesong
2509:
2083:
1822:
1688:
1680:
902:(Songak-san; 송악산; 松嶽山) (489 m) and
750:
718:second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War
692:, the founder of his short-lived state,
3461:administrative divisions of North Korea
3028:
3026:
2227:Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)
1704:Historic Monuments and Sites in Kaesong
1531:. The remaining part of Kaesŏng joined
4092:
2997:
2995:
2906:[Hyangto eumsik] (in Korean).
2253:and their campuses now are located in
2181:(국자감; 國子監) in 992 during the reign of
1733:, belonging to the dynasty's founder,
666:'s reign, and its name was changed to
366:179.26 km (69.21 sq mi)
3891:
3663:
3429:
3348:
2134:; twenty-four km north of Kaesong is
1907:) are representative Kaesong dishes.
1028:Climate data for Kaesong (1991–2020)
519:
3023:
2673:from the original on 29 January 2022
969:. The underground resources include
857:that divides North and South Korea.
774:. When Korea was partitioned at the
670:during the period. According to the
651:in 475, the area had been a part of
2992:
2653:
2391:(1926–2020), South Korean zoologist
2104:Sonjuk Bridge and Pyochung Pavilion
1502:Korea Meteorological Administration
230:Kaesong location within North Korea
13:
3212:
3195:
2463:
2407:(1947–), South Korean actress and
824:signed on 27 July 1953 recognised
658:However, it became a territory of
639:was retreated to the southwest of
581:Japanese pronunciation of its name
14:
4121:
3229:
3109:"Cities that almost had Trolleys"
2275:
1831:Since Kaesong was the capital of
1807:Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty
4077:
3919:
2309:
2302:
2146:and Taehung Temples. The famous
2102:, now the Koryo Museum, and the
560:and contains the remains of the
488:
453:
436:and became special city in 2019.
251:
244:
224:
184:, street in Kaesong, skyline of
165:
154:
145:
134:
125:
114:
3629:Special administrative regions
3152:
3101:
3002:Choe Sang-Hun (27 March 2013).
2922:
2869:
2851:
2833:
2815:
2797:
2779:
2761:
2743:
2725:
2707:
2685:
2599:北, 새 '치안총수'에 김정호…"개성시, 특별시로 승격"
2360:(1363–1452), prime minister of
2052:, handicrafts, pottery, shoes,
840:
746:
252:
2912:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
2634:개성직할시 자연환경 (Nature of Kaesong)
2589:
2557:
2544:
2534:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
2472:
2428:
2100:Songgyungwan Confucian Academy
548:dynasty. The city is near the
208:
202:
1:
3279:Historical Remains in Kaesong
3098:(in Korean) Nate / Britannica
2568:– via Internet Archive.
2445:
1720:Korean Central History Museum
1708:Koryo Songgyungwan University
1595:-dong (남문동/南門洞): Named after
1571:-tong (만월동/滿月洞): Named after
1015:Köppen climate classification
797:that followed the successful
329:
178:Koryo Songgyungwan University
2450:
2350:(died 1249), general of the
2331:(1055–1191), founder of the
2295:There was a plan to build a
2205:. In 1367, the 16th year of
2165:
2028:(soybean-based condiments),
1676:
946:The geology consists of the
863:
696:, and then became a part of
75:
60:
48:Korean transcription(s)
7:
3374:
2158:, housed in 19 traditional
2142:. This castle contains the
2061:Central Bank of North Korea
1714:, housed in the city's old
1361:Average precipitation days
1217:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1077:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
853:. The city is close to the
766:Kaesong remained a part of
387:1,100/km (2,800/sq mi)
214:
30:
21:Special city in North Korea
16:Special city in North Korea
10:
4126:
3188:
2950:닮은 듯 색다른 매력을 간직한 북한의 음식 문화
2193:. Its name was changed to
2077:
2073:
1930:
1926:
1816:
1812:
1671:
1499:
1027:
1004:
867:
822:Korean Armistice Agreement
602:
589:Korean Armistice Agreement
3984:
3963:
3949:
3932:
3799:
3743:
3715:
3697:
3628:
3600:
3582:
3524:
3467:
3405:
3382:
3333:
3324:
3321:
3262:. Friday 7 December 2007.
2399:Seoul National University
2354:, son of Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn
2242:Governor-General of Korea
2197:(국학; 國學) in the reign of
2044:and others. In addition,
1997:Kaesong is North Korea's
1981:, livestock farming, and
1933:Kaesong Industrial Region
1899:covered with syrup), and
1601:The Bell of Yonbok Temple
1529:Kaesong Industrial Region
1451:
1407:
1360:
1286:
1216:
1146:
1076:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1011:humid continental climate
847:Kaesŏng Industrial Region
683:
662:in 555, the 16th year of
635:. Before the strength of
627:, and was referred to as
594:Kaesong Industrial Region
550:Kaesong Industrial Region
418:
401:
391:
383:
375:
370:
362:
357:
338:
325:
315:
305:
270:
239:
235:
223:
197:
192:, fall foliage in Kaesong
186:Kaesong Industrial Region
182:Mausoleum of King Kongmin
108:
95:
82:
67:
52:
47:
38:
26:
4110:Former capitals of Korea
3584:Direct-administered city
3160:
2972:
2949:
2902:
2693:
2633:
2598:
2528:
2421:
2377:Lee Jong soo (Chong Lee)
2280:Kaesong is connected to
1625:Ryonghŭng-dong (룡흥동/龍興洞)
1511:Administrative divisions
870:Geography of North Korea
787:battle of Kaesong-Munsan
528:in the southern part of
340:Administrative divisions
3266:City profile of Kaesong
3203:Encyclopædia Britannica
3068:The Wall Street Journal
2201:and was referred to as
2017:and commerce while the
1819:Korean regional cuisine
1699:Kaesong is home to the
1649:Tonghyŏn-dong (동현동/銅峴洞)
1646:Tonghŭng-dong (동흥동/東興洞)
1628:Ryongsan-dong (룡산동/龍山洞)
1547:temple is located here.
1533:North Hwanghae Province
851:North Hwanghae Province
811:People's Volunteer Army
544:kingdom and subsequent
534:North Hwanghae Province
3699:Directly governed city
3161::: 모바일 서울대학교병원 ::
2323:People born in Kaesong
2091:
2080:Tourism in North Korea
1862:(square-shaped summer
1828:
1696:
1686:
1658:Yŏkchŏn-dong (역전동/驛前洞)
1643:Sŭngjŏn-dong (승전동/勝戰洞)
1634:Sŏngnam-dong (성남동/城南洞)
1609:Pangjik-tong (방직동/紡織洞)
1543:Koryŏ-dong (고려동/高麗洞):
809:following the Chinese
763:
536:), and the capital of
188:and downtown Kaesong,
3691:Cities in North Korea
3297:Another picture album
2397:(1909–1972), Dean of
2087:
1826:
1692:
1684:
1631:Songak-tong (송악동/松嶽洞)
1606:Namsan-dong (남산동/南山洞)
754:
655:for about 100 years.
3302:5 March 2016 at the
3286:4 March 2016 at the
3271:9 March 2016 at the
3241:3 March 2016 at the
3172:on 26 September 2017
3094:10 June 2011 at the
2934:10 June 2011 at the
2694:개성시(開城市) – KAESONGSI
2369:(1515–1550), famous
2199:Chungnyeol of Goryeo
1783:Tomb of King Kongmin
1775:Kyongrung Royal Tomb
1747:Gyeongjong of Goryeo
1731:Tomb of King Wanggon
1655:Unhak-tong (운학동/雲鶴洞)
1652:Ŭndŏk-tong (은덕동/恩德洞)
1622:Pusan-dong (부산동/扶山洞)
1612:Posŏn-dong (보선동/保善洞)
791:Korean People's Army
611:. Artifacts such as
392: • Dialect
384: • Density
176:Clockwise from top:
104:Gaeseong-Teukbyeolsi
99:Revised Romanization
3950:1,000,000–1,999,999
3744:Provincial capitals
3134:"Ciudades Hermanas"
2532:(in Korean). Nate/
2191:Korean Confucianism
2136:Taehungsan Fortress
2124:Kaesong Chomsongdae
2038:alcoholic beverages
2009:factory. Since the
1872:(royal casserole),
1795:Jeongjong of Joseon
1763:Hyeonjong of Goryeo
1759:Kangrung Royal Tomb
1755:Seongjong of Goryeo
1751:Yongrung Royal Tomb
1701:World Heritage Site
1661:Pagyŏn-ni (박연리/朴淵里)
1617:Namdaemun (Kaesong)
1597:Namdaemun (Kaesong)
1587:Namdaemun (Kaesong)
1561:and take off their
1408:Average snowy days
1147:Daily mean °C (°F)
714:Hyeonjong of Goryeo
706:Gwangjong of Goryeo
631:during the rule of
577:Japanese occupation
286: /
3933:2,000,000 and more
3040:The New York Times
3009:The New York Times
2957:on 9 October 2011.
2608:. 13 February 2020
2605:Yonhap News Agency
2288:, which is on the
2162:courtyard houses.
2156:Kaesong Folk Hotel
2092:
1891:(rice cake soup),
1858:(wrapped kimchi),
1829:
1799:Cherung Royal Tomb
1767:Sollung Royal Tomb
1743:Sollung Royal Tomb
1697:
1687:
1667:Tŏgam-ni (덕암리/德岩里)
1664:Samgŏ-ri (삼거리/三巨里)
1580:Kaesong city walls
855:Demilitarized Zone
835:Kaesŏng Chikhalsi;
795:pursuit of the KPA
764:
710:Seonjong of Goryeo
376: • Total
363: • Total
290:37.967°N 126.550°E
198:Nickname(s):
91:Kaesŏng-T'ŭkpyŏlsi
4065:
4064:
3885:
3884:
3657:
3656:
3632:
3423:
3422:
3343:
3342:
3334:Succeeded by
3322:Preceded by
3224:978-89-6297-167-5
2550:Michael J. Seth.
2529:개성시 開城市 (Kaesong)
2207:Gongmin of Goryeo
2096:Kaesong Namdaemun
1953:productions. The
1791:Hurung Royal Tomb
1779:Gongmin of Goryeo
1771:Munjong of Goryeo
1739:Hyejong of Goryeo
1716:Confucian academy
1507:
1506:
1454:relative humidity
837:개성 직할시; 開城 直轄市).
768:Gyeonggi Province
664:Jinheung of Silla
625:Mahan confederacy
440:
439:
419:Other information
200:"City of Pines" (
86:McCune–Reischauer
4117:
4082:
4081:
4080:
4073:
3924:
3923:
3912:
3905:
3898:
3889:
3888:
3684:
3677:
3670:
3661:
3660:
3630:
3450:
3443:
3436:
3427:
3426:
3369:
3362:
3355:
3346:
3345:
3327:Capital of Korea
3319:
3318:
3206:
3200:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3177:
3168:. Archived from
3156:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3140:on 3 August 2009
3130:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3105:
3099:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3030:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3016:
2999:
2990:
2989:
2988:on 10 June 2011.
2984:. Archived from
2968:
2959:
2958:
2945:
2939:
2926:
2920:
2919:
2918:on 10 June 2011.
2914:. Archived from
2898:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2873:
2867:
2866:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2819:
2813:
2812:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2747:
2741:
2740:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2672:
2665:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2649:on 10 June 2011.
2645:. Archived from
2629:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2579:
2570:
2569:
2564:Voice of Korea.
2561:
2555:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2540:on 10 June 2011.
2536:. Archived from
2524:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2487:
2481:
2476:
2470:
2461:
2439:
2432:
2339:Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn
2314:
2313:
2219:Seonjo of Joseon
2189:, which ignited
2108:Manwoldae Palace
2019:textile industry
1959:pumping stations
1884:(mudfish soup),
1878:(ox bone soup),
1603:is located here.
1517:Changpung County
1364:
1025:
1024:
729:Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn
645:Mungyeong Saejae
562:Manwoldae palace
523:
521:[kɛsʌ̹ŋ]
518:
514:
513:
510:
509:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
487:
479:
478:
475:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
459:
452:
334:
331:
301:
300:
298:
297:
296:
291:
287:
284:
283:
282:
279:
255:
254:
248:
228:
217:
211:
210:
205:
204:
190:Sungyang Academy
169:
158:
149:
138:
129:
118:
101:
88:
78:
77:
63:
62:
33:
24:
23:
4125:
4124:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4114:
4090:
4089:
4088:
4078:
4076:
4068:
4066:
4061:
3985:200,000–499,999
3980:
3964:500,000–999,999
3959:
3945:
3928:
3918:
3916:
3886:
3881:
3795:
3739:
3711:
3693:
3688:
3658:
3653:
3624:
3596:
3578:
3520:
3463:
3454:
3424:
3419:
3401:
3378:
3373:
3339:
3330:
3304:Wayback Machine
3288:Wayback Machine
3273:Wayback Machine
3243:Wayback Machine
3232:
3215:
3213:Further reading
3210:
3191:
3186:
3185:
3175:
3173:
3162:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3143:
3141:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3117:
3115:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3096:Wayback Machine
3087:
3083:
3073:
3071:
3059:
3055:
3045:
3043:
3031:
3024:
3014:
3012:
3000:
2993:
2974:
2970:
2969:
2962:
2951:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2936:Wayback Machine
2927:
2923:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2892:
2882:
2880:
2875:
2874:
2870:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2749:
2748:
2744:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2695:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2621:
2611:
2609:
2600:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2581:
2580:
2573:
2562:
2558:
2549:
2545:
2530:
2526:
2525:
2510:
2500:
2498:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2477:
2473:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2442:
2433:
2429:
2424:
2325:
2308:
2305:
2286:Kaesong Station
2278:
2234:Hanyeong Seowon
2168:
2082:
2076:
2054:school supplies
1963:cultivated land
1935:
1929:
1821:
1815:
1735:Taejo of Goryeo
1679:
1674:
1640:-tong (선죽동/善竹洞)
1513:
1508:
1362:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1007:
989:, granite, and
872:
866:
843:
799:Inchon landings
789:was won by the
749:
737:Taejo of Joseon
702:Taejo of Goryeo
686:
613:Jeulmun pottery
605:
516:
491:
482:
481:
456:
447:
446:
427:
332:
295:37.967; 126.550
294:
292:
288:
285:
280:
277:
275:
273:
272:
266:
265:
264:
263:
262:
261:
260:
256:
231:
219:
193:
174:
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172:
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170:
161:
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131:
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120:
119:
97:
84:
43:
34:
31:
29:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4123:
4113:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4087:
4086:
4063:
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4060:
4059:
4054:
4049:
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4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3988:
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3982:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3967:
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3951:
3947:
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3936:
3934:
3930:
3929:
3915:
3914:
3907:
3900:
3892:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3803:
3801:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3721:
3719:
3717:Special cities
3713:
3712:
3710:
3709:
3703:
3701:
3695:
3694:
3687:
3686:
3679:
3672:
3664:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3635:
3633:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3606:
3604:
3602:Special cities
3598:
3597:
3595:
3594:
3588:
3586:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3576:
3571:
3569:South Hwanghae
3566:
3564:South Hamgyong
3561:
3556:
3551:
3549:North Hwanghae
3546:
3544:North Hamgyong
3541:
3536:
3530:
3528:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3502:
3501:
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3465:
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3399:
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3349:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3332:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3307:
3294:
3275:
3263:
3250:
3245:
3231:
3230:External links
3228:
3227:
3226:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3151:
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2543:
2508:
2495:United Nations
2482:
2471:
2469:, p. 390.
2455:
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2426:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2418:
2412:
2402:
2401:Medical School
2392:
2386:
2380:
2374:
2364:
2355:
2345:
2336:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2319:
2304:
2301:
2277:
2276:Transportation
2274:
2261:respectively.
2183:King Seongjong
2177:with the name
2167:
2164:
2075:
2072:
1999:light industry
1928:
1925:
1911:, also called
1814:
1811:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
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1632:
1629:
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1439:
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1412:
1409:
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1398:
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1371:
1368:
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1332:
1327:
1322:
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1297:
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1214:
1213:
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1188:
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1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
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1148:
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1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
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1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1023:
1009:Kaesong has a
1006:
1003:
941:Sach'ŏn rivers
892:Kanghwa Island
865:
862:
842:
839:
831:Kaesŏng Chigu;
748:
745:
685:
682:
678:Hyoso of Silla
621:Kaesong Nasong
604:
601:
570:light industry
438:
437:
434:North Hwanghae
432:in 2003. Left
430:North Hwanghae
420:
416:
415:
412:Pyongyang Time
405:
399:
398:
393:
389:
388:
385:
381:
380:
377:
373:
372:
368:
367:
364:
360:
359:
355:
354:
342:
336:
335:
327:
323:
322:
319:
313:
312:
309:
303:
302:
268:
267:
258:
257:
250:
249:
243:
242:
241:
240:
237:
236:
233:
232:
229:
221:
220:
199:
195:
194:
175:
164:
163:
162:
153:
152:
144:
143:
142:
133:
132:
124:
123:
122:
113:
112:
111:
110:
109:
106:
105:
102:
93:
92:
89:
80:
79:
72:
65:
64:
57:
50:
49:
45:
44:
39:
36:
35:
27:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4122:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4085:
4075:
4074:
4071:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3983:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3962:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3948:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3935:
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3922:
3913:
3908:
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3899:
3894:
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3890:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
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3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3748:
3746:
3742:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3718:
3714:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3685:
3680:
3678:
3673:
3671:
3666:
3665:
3662:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3627:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3603:
3599:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3581:
3575:
3574:South Pyongan
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3554:North Pyongan
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3523:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3490:
3487:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3478:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3451:
3446:
3444:
3439:
3437:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3408:
3404:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3370:
3365:
3363:
3358:
3356:
3351:
3350:
3347:
3338:
3329:
3328:
3320:
3315:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3282:
3281:picture album
3280:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3255:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3216:
3204:
3199:
3198:"Corea"
3194:
3193:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3155:
3139:
3135:
3129:
3114:
3110:
3104:
3097:
3093:
3090:
3085:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3057:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3029:
3027:
3011:
3010:
3005:
2998:
2996:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2976:(in Korean).
2975:
2967:
2965:
2956:
2952:
2944:
2937:
2933:
2930:
2925:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2897:
2895:
2878:
2872:
2864:
2860:
2854:
2846:
2842:
2836:
2828:
2824:
2818:
2810:
2806:
2800:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2756:
2752:
2746:
2738:
2734:
2728:
2720:
2716:
2710:
2702:
2701:
2700:JoongAng Ilbo
2696:
2688:
2669:
2662:
2656:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2637:(in Korean).
2636:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2592:
2584:
2578:
2576:
2567:
2560:
2553:
2547:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2496:
2492:
2486:
2480:
2475:
2468:
2466:
2460:
2456:
2437:
2431:
2427:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2409:Academy Award
2406:
2405:Youn Yuh-jung
2403:
2400:
2396:
2395:Chin Byung Ho
2393:
2390:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2337:
2335:Buddhist sect
2334:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2306:
2303:Sister cities
2300:
2298:
2293:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2273:
2271:
2266:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2215:Chŏng Mong-ju
2212:
2208:
2204:
2203:Seonggyungwan
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2163:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2120:Mokchong Hall
2117:
2116:Sungyang Hall
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2090:
2086:
2081:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2062:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1934:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1903:(ball-shaped
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1877:
1876:
1875:seolleongtang
1871:
1870:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1856:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1825:
1820:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1695:
1691:
1685:Goryeo Museum
1683:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1577:
1574:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1521:Kaepung-guyok
1518:
1503:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1359:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1290:
1289:precipitation
1285:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1145:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1075:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
957:
953:
949:
944:
942:
938:
934:
933:Ryesong River
930:
925:
924:
920:
916:
911:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
871:
861:
858:
856:
852:
848:
838:
836:
832:
827:
823:
819:
814:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
785:However, the
783:
781:
777:
776:38th parallel
773:
769:
761:
757:
753:
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
721:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
681:
679:
675:
674:
669:
665:
661:
656:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
600:
597:
595:
590:
586:
582:
578:
573:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
552:close to the
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
532:(formerly in
531:
527:
522:
512:
485:
477:
450:
444:
435:
431:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
406:
404:
400:
397:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
369:
365:
361:
356:
353:
352:
348:
343:
341:
337:
328:
324:
320:
318:
314:
310:
308:
304:
299:
271:Coordinates:
269:
247:
238:
234:
227:
222:
216:
196:
191:
187:
183:
179:
168:
157:
148:
137:
128:
117:
107:
103:
100:
96: •
94:
90:
87:
83: •
81:
73:
71:
68: •
66:
58:
56:
53: •
51:
46:
42:
37:
25:
19:
4016:
3800:Other cities
3734:
3609:
3375:
3325:
3278:
3257:
3202:
3174:. Retrieved
3170:the original
3165:
3154:
3144:23 September
3142:. Retrieved
3138:the original
3128:
3116:. Retrieved
3112:
3103:
3084:
3072:. Retrieved
3066:
3056:
3044:. Retrieved
3038:
3013:. Retrieved
3007:
2986:the original
2955:the original
2943:
2929:편수 (Pyeonsu)
2924:
2916:the original
2881:. Retrieved
2871:
2862:
2853:
2844:
2835:
2826:
2817:
2808:
2799:
2790:
2781:
2772:
2763:
2754:
2745:
2736:
2727:
2718:
2709:
2703:(in Korean).
2698:
2687:
2675:. Retrieved
2655:
2647:the original
2610:. Retrieved
2603:
2591:
2559:
2551:
2546:
2538:the original
2499:. Retrieved
2485:
2474:
2464:
2459:
2435:
2430:
2389:Won Pyong Oh
2294:
2290:Pyongbu Line
2279:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2247:
2231:
2202:
2171:Sungkyunkwan
2169:
2148:Pakyon Falls
2112:Anhwa Temple
2093:
2089:Pakyon Falls
2069:
2065:
2058:
2034:canned foods
2023:
1996:
1992:Goryeo Insam
1991:
1955:water supply
1951:agricultural
1936:
1913:Kaesong juak
1912:
1908:
1904:
1892:
1885:
1879:
1873:
1867:
1859:
1852:
1839:cuisine and
1830:
1728:
1712:Koryo Museum
1698:
1525:Panmun-guyok
1514:
1291:mm (inches)
1018:
1008:
945:
926:
912:
873:
859:
844:
841:21st century
834:
830:
826:North Korean
815:
801:. UN Forces
784:
780:World War II
765:
747:20th century
722:
687:
671:
667:
657:
628:
606:
598:
574:
526:special city
442:
441:
350:
346:
41:Special city
18:
4084:North Korea
3631:(abolished)
3176:27 December
3118:22 February
2883:16 February
2501:16 December
2367:Hwang Jin-i
2042:soft drinks
2015:Goryeo ware
1983:sericulture
999:saline soil
948:Proterozoic
929:Imjin River
908:Kim Il Sung
807:Imjin River
760:Kim Jong Il
756:Kim Il Sung
743:) in 1394.
673:Samguk Sagi
668:Song'ak-gun
575:During the
558:South Korea
540:during the
530:North Korea
422:Split from
311:North Korea
293: /
4094:Categories
3415:Changp'ung
3306:at Naenara
3166:m.snuh.org
3113:www.sfu.ca
2982:Britannica
2643:Britannica
2446:References
2415:Woo In-hee
2297:trolleybus
2251:Korean War
2238:Yun Chi-ho
2221:'s reign,
2175:Gukja-dong
2152:Mt. Chonma
2122:, and the
2098:gate, the
2078:See also:
2007:embroidery
1939:topography
1931:See also:
1849:Korean War
1817:See also:
1803:Yi Songgye
1797:, and the
1363:(≥ 0.1 mm)
965:intrusive
915:Ahobiryŏng
890:counties.
868:See also:
772:Korean War
770:until the
641:Jungnyeong
585:Korean War
371:Population
333: 700
55:Chosŏn'gŭl
4032:Pyongsong
3942:(capital)
3940:Pyongyang
3776:Pyongsong
3707:Pyongyang
3592:Pyongyang
3559:Ryanggang
3526:Provinces
3494:Ryongdong
3384:Districts
3331:919–1394
2903:향토음식 鄕土飮食
2451:Citations
2383:K. W. Lee
2358:Hwang Hui
2282:Pyongyang
2166:Education
2140:Pyongyang
1979:persimmon
1937:With its
1901:gyeongdan
1886:joraengi
1881:chueotang
1869:sinseollo
1724:Pyongyang
1694:Namdaemun
1677:Landmarks
1573:Manwoldae
987:limestone
983:fluorspar
956:Paleozoic
937:Han River
904:Pongmyong
880:Changpung
864:Geography
845:In 2002,
818:Panmunjom
803:abandoned
609:Neolithic
403:Time zone
4057:Kimchaek
3976:Chongjin
3852:Samjiyon
3832:Kimchaek
3817:Hoeryong
3751:Chongjin
3489:Kwandong
3407:Counties
3392:Kaep'ung
3337:Hanseong
3300:Archived
3284:Archived
3269:Archived
3259:BBC News
3239:Archived
3092:Archived
3074:26 April
3046:30 March
3015:27 March
2932:Archived
2879:. UNESCO
2677:23 March
2668:Archived
2436:Kaï-seng
2373:and poet
2333:Cheontae
2179:Gukjagam
1971:soybeans
1917:pine nut
1888:tteokguk
1845:Gyeonggi
1500:Source:
1452:Average
1356:(45.70)
1331:(11.23)
1326:(14.17)
1287:Average
995:alluvial
963:Mesozoic
952:Cenozoic
910:statue.
649:Asan Bay
633:Goguryeo
617:Osongsan
572:centre.
426:in 1951;
424:Gyeonggi
396:Gyeonggi
317:Province
281:126°33′E
4100:Kaesong
4052:Tokchon
4042:Kanggye
4027:Sunchon
4022:Sariwon
4017:Kaesong
4012:Kaechon
4007:Tanchon
4002:Sinuiju
3971:Hamhung
3877:Tokchon
3872:Tanchon
3867:Sunchon
3862:Songrim
3847:Munchon
3827:Kaechon
3822:Huichon
3812:Chongju
3786:Sinuiju
3781:Sariwon
3771:Kanggye
3761:Hamhung
3735:Kaesong
3649:Sinuiju
3644:Kumgang
3639:Kaesong
3610:Kaesong
3539:Kangwon
3534:Chagang
3506:Kyonggi
3499:Ryongso
3482:Kwannam
3477:Kwanbuk
3469:Regions
3457:Regions
3397:P'anmun
3376:Kaesong
3310:Kaesong
3292:Naenara
3189:Sources
2863:cybernk
2859:"북안동개요"
2845:cybernk
2841:"남문동개요"
2827:cybernk
2823:"남안동개요"
2809:cybernk
2805:"내성동개요"
2791:cybernk
2787:"만월동개요"
2773:cybernk
2769:"관훈동개요"
2755:cybernk
2751:"자남동개요"
2737:cybernk
2733:"해운동개요"
2719:cybernk
2715:"고려동개요"
2612:5 April
2371:Kisaeng
2348:Ch'oe U
2329:Uicheon
2259:Daejeon
2223:Kim Yuk
2211:Yi Saek
2132:Wanggon
2128:Kongmin
2074:Tourism
1990:called
1988:ginseng
1975:Kaepung
1943:climate
1927:Economy
1860:pyeonsu
1853:Bossam
1813:Cuisine
1777:), and
1672:Culture
1545:Anhwasa
1354:1,160.8
1351:(0.72)
1346:(1.61)
1341:(1.61)
1336:(4.33)
1321:(4.16)
1316:(3.75)
1311:(1.96)
1306:(0.97)
1301:(0.76)
1296:(0.43)
1282:(44.4)
1277:(21.9)
1272:(34.0)
1267:(46.9)
1262:(60.6)
1257:(70.7)
1252:(70.0)
1247:(62.8)
1242:(52.9)
1237:(42.1)
1232:(31.5)
1227:(21.9)
1222:(17.4)
1212:(52.5)
1207:(29.7)
1202:(42.6)
1197:(56.7)
1192:(68.7)
1187:(76.8)
1182:(75.4)
1177:(70.3)
1172:(62.1)
1167:(51.8)
1162:(40.3)
1157:(30.6)
1152:(25.5)
1142:(62.2)
1137:(38.5)
1132:(52.3)
1127:(68.2)
1122:(78.4)
1117:(84.7)
1112:(82.6)
1107:(80.2)
1102:(73.0)
1097:(63.1)
1092:(50.9)
1087:(40.3)
1082:(34.9)
1005:Climate
967:granite
896:Incheon
888:Kumchon
876:Kaepung
694:Taebong
690:Gung Ye
629:Busogap
603:History
566:ginseng
542:Taebong
524:) is a
517:Korean:
443:Kaesong
428:joined
379:192,578
326:Settled
321:Kaesong
307:Country
278:37°58′N
259:Kaesong
28:Kaesong
4070:Portal
3997:Wonsan
3837:Kusong
3791:Wonsan
3766:Hyesan
3516:Kwanso
3314:Curlie
3222:
2497:. 2009
2467:(1878)
2411:winner
2362:Joseon
2352:Goryeo
2343:Goryeo
2318:(1990)
2213:, and
2195:Gukhak
2187:Goryeo
2144:Kwanum
2050:timber
2011:Goryeo
1921:jujube
1855:kimchi
1841:Jeolla
1833:Goryeo
1789:: the
1787:Joseon
1638:Sŏnjuk
1593:Nammun
1569:Manwŏl
1565:hats).
1559:Gwageo
1033:Month
991:kaolin
979:copper
959:strata
954:, and
923:A.S.L.
919:Chŏnma
900:Songak
886:, and
884:Panmun
778:after
733:Joseon
725:Manjǒk
698:Goryeo
684:Goryeo
653:Baekje
647:, and
637:Baekje
554:border
546:Goryeo
215:Songdo
212:;
206:;
4037:Haeju
3992:Nampo
3857:Sinpo
3842:Manpo
3756:Haeju
3730:Nampo
3725:Rason
3620:Rason
3615:Nampo
3511:Haeso
2671:(PDF)
2664:(PDF)
2422:Notes
2316:Cusco
2255:Seoul
2160:hanok
2046:resin
2003:jewel
1967:maize
1909:Umegi
1905:tteok
1897:tteok
1893:umegi
1864:mandu
1837:Seoul
1741:(the
1495:71.9
1492:67.9
1489:70.3
1486:70.1
1483:73.4
1480:81.8
1477:85.3
1474:77.8
1471:72.9
1468:66.7
1465:64.4
1462:64.7
1459:67.2
1447:15.7
1403:79.3
1388:11.3
1385:12.8
1334:109.9
1329:285.2
1324:359.9
1319:105.7
1072:Year
741:Seoul
660:Silla
556:with
538:Korea
408:UTC+9
76:開城特別市
70:Hanja
61:개성특별시
4047:Anju
3807:Anju
3459:and
3220:ISBN
3178:2015
3146:2009
3120:2021
3076:2013
3048:2013
3017:2013
2978:Nate
2908:Nate
2885:2020
2679:2022
2639:Nate
2614:2020
2503:2013
2257:and
2130:and
2025:jang
1947:soil
1945:and
1537:Dong
1523:and
1456:(%)
1444:4.9
1441:1.4
1438:0.0
1435:0.0
1432:0.0
1429:0.0
1426:0.0
1423:0.0
1420:0.1
1417:1.6
1414:3.1
1411:4.6
1400:4.9
1397:6.4
1394:4.7
1391:5.9
1382:8.1
1379:7.4
1376:6.3
1373:4.6
1370:3.6
1367:3.3
1349:18.3
1344:40.8
1339:40.9
1314:95.2
1309:49.9
1304:24.7
1299:19.4
1294:10.9
1275:−5.6
1260:15.9
1255:21.5
1250:21.1
1245:17.1
1240:11.6
1230:−0.3
1225:−5.6
1220:−8.1
1210:11.4
1205:−1.3
1195:13.7
1190:20.4
1185:24.9
1180:24.1
1175:21.3
1170:16.7
1165:11.0
1155:−0.8
1150:−3.6
1140:16.8
1130:11.3
1125:20.1
1120:25.8
1115:29.3
1110:28.1
1105:26.8
1100:22.8
1095:17.3
1090:10.5
1069:Dec
1066:Nov
1063:Oct
1060:Sep
1057:Aug
1054:Jul
1051:Jun
1048:May
1045:Apr
1042:Mar
1039:Feb
1036:Jan
997:and
975:zinc
971:gold
961:and
927:The
619:and
358:Area
349:, 3
347:dong
3956:n/a
3312:at
3290:at
3256:."
2185:of
2030:oil
1919:or
1866:),
1769:),
1761:),
1753:),
1745:),
1726:).
1722:in
1563:gat
1280:6.9
1270:1.1
1265:8.3
1235:5.6
1200:5.9
1160:4.6
1135:3.6
1085:4.6
1080:1.6
1019:Dwa
894:of
735:as
345:24
32:개성시
4096::
3201:,
3164:.
3111:.
3065:.
3037:.
3025:^
3006:.
2994:^
2980:/
2963:^
2893:^
2861:.
2843:.
2825:.
2807:.
2789:.
2771:.
2753:.
2735:.
2717:.
2697:.
2641:/
2622:^
2602:.
2574:^
2511:^
2493:.
2465:EB
2292:.
2270:ri
2229:.
2118:,
2114:,
2110:,
2048:,
2040:,
2036:,
2032:,
1994:.
1969:,
1941:,
1706:.
1599:.
1519:,
1017::
985:,
981:,
977:,
973:,
950:,
882:,
878:,
643:,
596:.
515:;
505:ɔː
496:eɪ
486::
484:US
480:,
461:eɪ
451::
449:UK
351:ri
330:c.
209:松都
203:송도
180:,
4072::
3911:e
3904:t
3897:v
3683:e
3676:t
3669:v
3449:e
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3435:v
3368:e
3361:t
3354:v
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3207:.
3180:.
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3122:.
3078:.
3050:.
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2887:.
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2739:.
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473:ŋ
470:ɒ
467:s
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458:k
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