2451:
3757:
3767:
3746:
2197:
3777:
1009:
2189:
51:
1129:
thumbs and says, "I clasp thy hands for the sake of good fortune"; the fingers alone, if he wishes only for daughters; the hairy side of the hand along with the thumbs if wishes for both (sons and daughters). Then, whilst he leads her towards the right three times around the fire, and round the water jar, he says in a low tone,
1039:
literature. Their topics include instructions relating to the use of the śruti corpus in ritual ('kalpa') and the correct performance of these rituals. Some early Śrautasūtras were composed in the late
Brahmana period (such as the Baudhyanana and Vadhula Sūtras), but the bulk of the Śrautasūtras are
891:
This field of study emerged to serve the needs of priests as they officiated over domestic ceremonies such as weddings and baby naming rites of passage, so that the rituals were efficient, standardized and appeared consistent across different events. They also helped the audience and the individuals
1128:
West of the (sacred) fire, a stone (for grinding corn and condiments) is placed and northeast a water jar. The bridegroom offers an oblation, standing, looking towards the west, and taking hold of the bride's hands while she sits and looks towards the east. If he wishes only for sons, he clasps her
829:
in
Hinduism. The scope of these texts includes Vedic rituals, rites of passage rituals associated with major life events such as birth, wedding and death in family, as well as personal conduct and proper duties in the life of an individual. Most Kalpasutras texts have experienced interpolation,
980:
or tradition. The first versions of the Kalpa Sutras text were probably composed by the 6th-century BCE, and they were attributed to famous Vedic sages out of respect for them in the Hindu traditions or to gain authority. These texts are written aphoristic
1162:
are texts dealing with custom, rituals, duties and law. They include the four surviving written works of the ancient Indian tradition on the subject of dharma, or the rules of behavior recognized by a community. Unlike the later
939:
Manava-sutra (§), Bharadvaja-sutra (¶), Vadhuna-sutra (¶), Vaikhanasa-sutra (¶), Laugakshi-sutra (¶), Maitra-sutra (¶), Katha-sutra (¶), Varaha-sutra (¶) , Apastamba-sutra (§), Baudhayana-sutra (§)
1080:
texts have survived through history, of which the oldest surviving is likely the
Baudhayana Shulba Sutra (800-500 BCE), while the one by Katyayana may be chronologically the youngest (~300 BCE).
892:
integrate within customs and cultural practices, state
Winternitz and Sarma, from "the moment when he is received in his mother's womb to the hour of his death", and beyond during his cremation.
864:
The word is widely used in other contexts, such as "cosmic time" (one day for Brahma, 4.32 billion human years), as well as "formal procedures" in medicine or other secular contexts.
1076:, what in modern mathematical terminology would be called "area preserving transformations of plane figures", tersely describing geometric formulae and constants. Five
780:
1183:. It is difficult to determine exact dates for these texts, but the dates between 500 and 300 BCE have been suggested for the oldest dharmasūtras.
1016:
state that the squares of any rectangle's width and length add up to the square of its diagonal. This is one of the earliest descriptions of
876:
layer of texts in the Vedas, however its texts are more focussed, clear, short and practical for ceremonies. Kalpa Sutras are related to the
996:
did not relate to Srauta or Vedic ceremonies, but instead focused on domestic events such as rites of passage when a baby is born and to
1072:
geometries for the Vedic rituals. The
Sanskrit word "Shulba" means cord, and these texts are "rules of the cord". They provide, states
773:
2087:
2178:
2147:
2125:
2022:
1917:
1831:
1801:
1774:
1744:
1649:
1622:
1595:
766:
2842:
1000:
or "conventional everyday practices" that are part of every human being's life. However, other scholars include both.
535:
2053:
1713:
1541:
3674:
985:
style, and therefore are taxonomies or terse guidebooks rather than detailed manuals or handbooks for any ceremony.
1243:
3662:
3193:
3780:
3491:
503:
3620:
1708:
James
Lochtefeld (2002), "Kalpa" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 1: A-M, Rosen Publishing,
1536:
James
Lochtefeld (2002), "Kalpa" in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 1: A–M, Rosen Publishing,
1372:
1167:, the dharmasūtras are composed in prose. The oldest dharmasūtra is generally believed to have been that of
3669:
1116:, and they date to around roughly 500 BCE, contemporary with the Śrautasūtras. They are named after Vedic
3684:
2115:
2072:
491:
1860:
1847:
3711:
3203:
2780:
2236:
2209:
1097:
729:
530:
3731:
2657:
2171:
2310:
3525:
3183:
3107:
2813:
2595:
2570:
1960:
929:
Latyayana-sutra (§), Drahyayana-sutra (§), Nidana-sutra (§), Pushpa-sutra (§), Anustotra-sutra (§)
654:
649:
214:
194:
2345:
1997:
1880:
3361:
3221:
2892:
2432:
2375:
830:
changes and consequent corruption over their history, and
Apasthamba Kalpasutra ancillary to the
752:
634:
585:
3256:
3704:
3657:
2867:
2590:
560:
354:
219:
24:
2156:
1695:
1669:
3726:
3679:
3652:
3615:
2872:
1168:
565:
466:
3188:
853:
word that means "proper, fit, competent, sacred precept", and also refers to one of the six
3811:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3610:
3087:
2580:
2565:
2217:
2164:
639:
204:
161:
34:
1587:
8:
3749:
3716:
3595:
3486:
3421:
3271:
3130:
3010:
2882:
2710:
2647:
2600:
1991:
1874:
1172:
1017:
575:
175:
71:
2399:
2259:
1508:
816:. This field of study is focused on the procedures and ceremonies associated with Vedic
261:
3551:
3510:
2802:
2615:
2560:
1977:
1964:
1040:
roughly contemporary to the Gṛhya corpus of domestic sūtras, their language being late
545:
271:
238:
156:
19:
This article is about a discipline of Vedic literature. For the reckoning of time, see
2775:
2750:
3801:
3766:
3760:
3640:
3630:
3496:
3431:
2824:
2765:
2620:
2610:
2143:
2121:
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2049:
2018:
1913:
1827:
1797:
1770:
1740:
1709:
1689:
1645:
1618:
1591:
1537:
1176:
1164:
797:
644:
614:
580:
518:
359:
243:
233:
3231:
2281:
3501:
3411:
3302:
2902:
2897:
2862:
2837:
2723:
2680:
2367:
2227:
2135:
719:
669:
590:
555:
383:
364:
349:
301:
2685:
306:
3806:
3770:
3635:
3588:
3570:
3520:
3454:
3436:
3379:
3329:
3148:
3052:
2925:
2887:
2857:
2585:
2424:
2417:
2264:
2091:
2012:
1976:
Hermann
Oldenberg, trans., Max Müller, trans. Sacred Books of the East Vol. XXX,
1907:
1821:
1791:
1764:
1734:
1639:
1612:
1580:
709:
689:
664:
388:
209:
2350:
3605:
3541:
3384:
2728:
2605:
2575:
2410:
1113:
1041:
699:
479:
199:
180:
2274:
1502:
3795:
3721:
3625:
3404:
3178:
2916:
2807:
2718:
2652:
1101:
1057:
714:
704:
679:
674:
629:
442:
418:
408:
403:
393:
378:
344:
266:
1045:
3276:
3241:
3138:
2755:
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684:
619:
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437:
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413:
398:
20:
1481:
1472:
1449:
1442:
1435:
1400:
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1327:
1321:
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1309:
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1256:
1247:
1238:
1228:
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1213:
1206:
1058:
3583:
3416:
3344:
3334:
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3236:
3211:
2852:
2847:
2738:
2532:
2516:
2459:
2394:
2330:
2111:
1073:
944:
570:
550:
498:
452:
447:
104:
42:
1641:
A History of Indian
Literature: Buddhist literature and Jaina literature
1149:— Āśvalāyana Kalpa sutra, Book 1.7, Translated by Monier Monier-Williams
1044:, dating to the middle of the first millennium BCE (generally predating
3481:
3449:
3394:
3251:
2960:
2797:
2770:
2552:
2325:
1513:
1109:
1021:
881:
858:
724:
146:
133:
3600:
3389:
3339:
3312:
3261:
3226:
3216:
3168:
3067:
3035:
2980:
2877:
2832:
2506:
1180:
934:
831:
694:
624:
525:
99:
2069:
Catalogue of Sanskrit, Pali, and Prakrit Books in the British Museum
3645:
3464:
3459:
3349:
3286:
3266:
3097:
2933:
2760:
2733:
2700:
2642:
2542:
2537:
2511:
2436:
2320:
2192:
1134:
1093:
1033:
924:
873:
850:
813:
486:
321:
128:
123:
94:
50:
2474:
1887:
1732:
966:
60:
3546:
3399:
3317:
3307:
3082:
3072:
3045:
3040:
3030:
2985:
2970:
2965:
2745:
2690:
2675:
2667:
2634:
2501:
2404:
2379:
2355:
2254:
2244:
1138:
914:
854:
838:
805:
659:
603:
334:
311:
296:
289:
118:
89:
2340:
2196:
1559:
837:
Kalpa Sutras are also found in other Indian traditions, such as
3578:
3556:
3369:
3322:
3281:
3163:
3153:
3092:
3000:
2943:
2938:
2792:
2479:
2315:
2301:
2286:
2186:
1617:. Oxford University Press. pp. xxv-xxviii with footnotes.
1117:
976:
817:
804:) means "proper, fit" and is one of the six disciplines of the
734:
65:
1008:
919:
Asvalayana-sutra (§), Sankhayana-sutra (§), Saunaka-sutra (¶)
3474:
3469:
3173:
3143:
3077:
3057:
2995:
2975:
2948:
2787:
2489:
2389:
2335:
2291:
2269:
1105:
1036:
982:
809:
607:
82:
1644:. Motilal Banarsidass (Reprint). pp. 412–413, 444–446.
960:
The rituals related ancient texts are of two kinds: (1) the
3515:
3444:
3426:
3374:
3158:
3102:
3062:
3022:
3005:
2990:
2955:
2384:
2296:
857:
fields of study. In Vedanga context, the German Indologist
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
2188:
1941:
1931:
1929:
1823:
Veda and Torah: Transcending the Textuality of Scripture
1769:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 120–137 with footnotes.
2249:
1978:"The Grihya-sûtras, rules of Vedic domestic ceremonies"
1965:"The Grihya-sûtras, rules of Vedic domestic ceremonies"
1866:
1719:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1989:
1872:
1826:. State University of New York Press. pp. 71–72.
1667:
1068:) deal with the mathematical methodology to construct
1926:
1905:
1663:
1661:
1547:
1687:
1525:
1112:
and coming of age (puberty). Their language is late
1096:
texts prescribing Vedic rituals, mainly relating to
2450:
1819:
2134:
1815:
1813:
1793:The Veda and Indian Culture: An Introductory Essay
1658:
1579:
1565:
1582:Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions
1145:united in affection, well disposed to each other,
988:Scholars such as Monier-Williams classified only
872:The Kalpa field of study traces its roots to the
3793:
1766:Reflections on Resemblance, Ritual, and Religion
1758:
1756:
1683:
1681:
1637:
1614:The Dharmasutras: The Law Codes of Ancient India
1610:
880:or ritual parts of the Veda, in contrast to the
1810:
2096:Asvalayana Grihya Sutra Bhashyam of Devasvamin
1762:
1133:I am the heaven, thou art the earth; I am the
1131:"I am he, thou are she; thou art she, I am he,
1032:(Shrauta-sutra) form a part of the corpus of
834:may be the best preserved text in this genre.
2172:
2083:s by Devasvamin (11th century). B.K. Sastry,
2010:
1753:
1733:Moriz Winternitz; V. Srinivasa Sarma (1996).
1678:
1577:
774:
1909:History of Science and Philosophy of Science
1789:
1674:. Oxford University Press. pp. 212–213.
1143:Come let us marry, let us possess offspring,
823:The major texts of Kalpa Vedanga are called
1959:Hermann Oldenberg, trans., Max Müller, ed.
992:as part of Kalpa Vedanga, stating that the
2179:
2165:
1980:, part 2, Oxford, The Clarendon press 1892
1967:, part 1, Oxford, The Clarendon press 1886
808:, or ancillary science connected with the
781:
767:
2064:
2062:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2034:
1739:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 252–262.
1397:Kapisthala-Katha Gṛhyasūtra (unpublished)
954:¶: only quotes survive; §: text survives
2046:Vedic People:Their History and Geography
1850:, Oxford University Press, pages 198-199
1691:A History of Ancient Sanskrit Literature
1007:
2110:
1947:
1935:
1893:
1796:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 97–98.
1553:
3794:
2140:History of Indian Literature, Volume 1
2059:
2031:
1879:. W. H. Allen & Company. pp.
1861:History of Ancient Sanskrit Literature
1848:History of Ancient Sanskrit Literature
2160:
1996:. W. H. Allen & Company. p.
1125:Vedic sacrifice rituals at a wedding
1092:"domestic sūtras" are a category of
3776:
2048:, Orient Longman, New Delhi, 2000,
1863:, Oxford University Press, page 210
861:translates it as "the Ceremonial".
13:
1171:, followed by the dharmasūtras of
1020:, appearing many centuries before
14:
3823:
2014:Encyclopaedia of vedic philosophy
1694:. Williams and Norgate. pp.
1147:let us live for a hundred years".
3775:
3765:
3756:
3755:
3744:
2449:
2195:
2187:
1051:
1003:
49:
3745:
2104:
2004:
1990:Monier Monier-Williams (1876).
1983:
1970:
1953:
1899:
1873:Monier Monier-Williams (1876).
1853:
1840:
1783:
1668:Monier Monier-Williams (1923).
1153:
899:
16:Study of Vedic ritual practices
3670:Relations with other religions
2120:. Princeton University Press.
1906:Pradip Kumar Sengupta (2010).
1736:A History of Indian Literature
1702:
1631:
1604:
1571:
1083:
1:
2017:. Cosmo. pp. 2114–2115.
1688:Friedrich Max Müller (1860).
1671:A Sanskrit-English Dictionary
1519:
1820:Barbara A. Holdrege (2012).
1586:. Merriam-Webster. pp.
844:
7:
2079:s) are based on the longer
1912:. Pearson. pp. 79–80.
1496:
1482:
1473:
1450:
1443:
1436:
1401:
1382:
1366:
1353:
1346:
1340:
1334:
1328:
1322:
1316:
1310:
1304:
1297:
1288:
1264:
1257:
1248:
1239:
1229:
1220:
1214:
1207:
1059:
948:
938:
928:
918:
908:
10:
3828:
1896:, p. 18 with note 13.
1463:Śaṅkha-Likhita Dharmasūtra
1179:, and an early version of
943:
933:
923:
913:
905:
867:
43:Hindu scriptures and texts
18:
3742:
3569:
3534:
3360:
3295:
3202:
3129:
3122:
3021:
2924:
2915:
2823:
2709:
2666:
2633:
2551:
2525:
2497:
2488:
2467:
2458:
2447:
2366:
2235:
2226:
2205:
2075:. Gargya's commentaries (
1638:Moriz Winternitz (1988).
1611:Patrick Olivelle (1999).
964:, which are based on the
953:
801:
2814:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
1961:Sacred Books of the East
1371:(Satyāsādha-Gṛhyasūtra)
974:, or rules based on the
895:
2893:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam
2142:. Motilal Banarsidass.
2094:of K. P. Aithal (ed.),
1763:Brian K. Smith (1998).
1566:Maurice Winternitz 1963
1505:, scriptures of Jainism
1418:Hiraṇyakeśi Dharmasūtra
1335:Hiraṅyakeśi Śrautasūtra
1280:(Drāhyāyana-Gṛhyasūtra)
1048:). Not verified though
1014:Baudhayana Shulba Sutra
888:or the knowledge part.
753:Timeline of Hindu texts
586:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam
2868:Eighteen Greater Texts
2011:Subodh Kapoor (2002).
1578:Wendy Doniger (1999).
1423:Vaikhānasa Dharmasūtra
1402:Baudhāyana Dharmasūtra
1367:Hiraṇyakeśi-Gṛhyasūtra
1347:Vaikhānasa Śrautasūtra
1323:Bharadvāja Śrautasūtra
1305:Baudhāyana Śrautasūtra
1267:Drāhyāyana Śrautasūtra
1240:Śāṅkhāyana-Gr̥hyasūtra
1221:Sāṅkhāyana Śrautasūtra
1215:Āśvalāyana Śrautasūtra
1151:
1025:
561:Eighteen Greater Texts
23:. For other uses, see
3621:Hindu gurus and sants
2873:Eighteen Lesser Texts
1790:Kireet Joshi (1991).
1444:Kātyāyana Śrautasūtra
1408:Āpastamba Dharmasūtra
1391:(Laugāksi-Gṛhyasūtra)
1387:Vaikhānasa-Gṛhyasūtra
1377:Bhāradvāja-Gṛhyasūtra
1363:Baudhāyana-Gṛhyasūtra
1354:Baudhāyana Śulbasûtra
1329:Āpastamba Śrautasūtra
1269:Jaiminiya Śrautasūtra
1265:Lātyāyana Śrautasūtra
1249:Vasishtha Dharmasūtra
1230:Âśvalāyana-Gṛhyasūtra
1122:
1011:
566:Eighteen Lesser Texts
3611:Anti-Hindu sentiment
2117:Mathematics in India
1489:Auśanasa Dharmasūtra
1459:Katyayana-Gṛhyasūtra
1457:Pāraskara-Gṛhyasūtra
1451:Kātyāyana Śulbasūtra
1383:Āgniveśya-Gṛhyasūtra
1379:Āpastamba-Gṛhyasūtra
1358:Āpastamba Śulbasûtra
1282:Jaiminiya-Gṛhyasūtra
1234:Kausîtaki-Gṛhyasūtra
812:– the scriptures of
3717:Hinduism by country
2883:Iraiyanar Akapporul
2843:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai
1474:Vaitāna Śrautasũtra
1311:Vādhūla Śrautasūtra
1289:Gautama Dharmasūtra
1284:Kauthuma-Gṛhyasūtra
1018:Pythagorean theorem
902:
901:Kalpa sutras known
576:Iraiyanar Akapporul
536:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai
282:Related Hindu texts
2136:Maurice Winternitz
2090:2016-03-14 at the
1483:Kauśika Gṛhyasūtra
1413:Hārīta Dharmasūtra
1395:Vādhûla-Gṛhyasūtra
1389:Kāthaka-Gṛhyasūtra
1356:Mānava Śulbasûtra
1341:Vārāha Śrautasūtra
1317:Mānava Śrautasūtra
1278:Khādira-Gṛhyasūtra
1276:Gobhila-Gṛhyasūtra
1102:rituals of wedding
1026:
1012:The verses 1-2 of
900:
3789:
3788:
3565:
3564:
3118:
3117:
2911:
2910:
2825:Sangam literature
2781:Yājñavalkya Smṛti
2629:
2628:
2445:
2444:
2149:978-81-208-0056-4
2127:978-0-691-12067-6
2024:978-81-7755-290-4
1950:, pp. 17–18.
1919:978-81-317-1930-5
1833:978-1-4384-0695-4
1803:978-81-208-0889-8
1776:978-81-208-1532-2
1746:978-81-208-0264-3
1651:978-81-208-0265-0
1624:978-0-19-160604-5
1597:978-0-87779-044-0
1494:
1493:
1428:Viṣṇu Dharmasūtra
1393:Vārāha-Gṛhyasūtra
1375:Mānava-Gṛhyasūtra
958:
957:
949:Kusika-sutra (§)
791:
790:
581:Abhirami Anthadhi
519:Sangam literature
372:Vaishnava puranas
3819:
3779:
3778:
3769:
3759:
3758:
3748:
3747:
3658:Pilgrimage sites
3412:Ganesh Chaturthi
3127:
3126:
2922:
2921:
2903:Vedarthasamgraha
2898:Vinayagar Agaval
2863:Five Great Epics
2838:Divya Prabandham
2751:Minor Upanishads
2495:
2494:
2465:
2464:
2453:
2452:
2233:
2232:
2199:
2191:
2181:
2174:
2167:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2131:
2099:
2066:
2057:
2042:
2029:
2028:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1987:
1981:
1974:
1968:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1939:
1933:
1924:
1923:
1903:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1870:
1864:
1857:
1851:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1817:
1808:
1807:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1760:
1751:
1750:
1730:
1717:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1685:
1676:
1675:
1665:
1656:
1655:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1585:
1575:
1569:
1563:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1534:
1485:
1476:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1405:
1385:
1369:
1360:
1349:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1313:
1307:
1300:
1291:
1271:
1260:
1251:
1242:
1232:
1223:
1217:
1210:
1186:
1185:
1098:rites of passage
1062:
903:
803:
783:
776:
769:
720:Gheranda Samhita
670:Sushruta Samhita
591:Vinayagar Agaval
556:Five Great Epics
531:Divya Prabandham
462:
428:
374:
256:Other scriptures
229:
190:
171:
114:
53:
30:
29:
3827:
3826:
3822:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3816:
3792:
3791:
3790:
3785:
3752:
3738:
3561:
3530:
3521:Vasant Panchami
3455:Pahela Baishakh
3437:Makar Sankranti
3356:
3291:
3198:
3114:
3017:
2907:
2888:Abhirami Antati
2858:Kamba Ramayanam
2819:
2705:
2662:
2625:
2547:
2521:
2484:
2454:
2441:
2425:Vishishtadvaita
2362:
2222:
2201:
2185:
2150:
2128:
2107:
2102:
2092:Wayback Machine
2067:
2060:
2044:Kochar, Rajesh
2043:
2032:
2025:
2009:
2005:
1988:
1984:
1975:
1971:
1958:
1954:
1946:
1942:
1934:
1927:
1920:
1904:
1900:
1892:
1888:
1871:
1867:
1858:
1854:
1845:
1841:
1834:
1818:
1811:
1804:
1788:
1784:
1777:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1731:
1720:
1707:
1703:
1686:
1679:
1666:
1659:
1652:
1636:
1632:
1625:
1609:
1605:
1598:
1576:
1572:
1564:
1560:
1552:
1548:
1535:
1526:
1522:
1499:
1458:
1456:
1437:Śukla Yajurveda
1403:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1364:
1357:
1355:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1298:Kṛsna Yajurveda
1283:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1268:
1266:
1237:
1236:(Bāṣkala śakha)
1235:
1233:
1218:
1156:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1137:, thou art the
1132:
1130:
1127:
1086:
1054:
1006:
898:
870:
847:
787:
758:
757:
748:
740:
739:
690:Divya Prabandha
665:Charaka Samhita
650:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra
610:
596:
595:
551:Kamba Ramayanam
526:Saiva Tirumurai
521:
511:
510:
482:
472:
471:
458:
424:
370:
337:
327:
326:
292:
277:
276:
257:
249:
248:
225:
186:
167:
149:
139:
138:
110:
85:
68:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3825:
3815:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3783:
3773:
3763:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3735:
3734:
3729:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3655:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3586:
3575:
3573:
3567:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3560:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3538:
3536:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3507:
3506:
3505:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3387:
3385:Raksha Bandhan
3382:
3377:
3372:
3366:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3327:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3208:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3135:
3133:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3049:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3027:
3025:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2930:
2928:
2919:
2913:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2829:
2827:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2736:
2726:
2721:
2715:
2713:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2672:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2639:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2596:Shvetashvatara
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2571:Brihadaranyaka
2568:
2563:
2557:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2529:
2527:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2498:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2471:
2469:
2468:Classification
2462:
2456:
2455:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2430:
2429:
2428:
2421:
2414:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2372:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2307:
2306:
2305:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2278:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2241:
2239:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2212:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2184:
2183:
2176:
2169:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2148:
2132:
2126:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2100:
2058:
2030:
2023:
2003:
1982:
1969:
1952:
1940:
1925:
1918:
1898:
1886:
1865:
1852:
1839:
1832:
1809:
1802:
1782:
1775:
1752:
1745:
1718:
1701:
1677:
1657:
1650:
1630:
1623:
1603:
1596:
1570:
1568:, p. 252.
1558:
1556:, p. 313.
1546:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1479:
1477:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1447:
1440:
1432:
1431:
1398:
1361:
1350:
1301:
1293:
1292:
1285:
1274:
1272:
1261:
1253:
1252:
1245:
1226:
1224:
1211:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1155:
1152:
1114:Vedic Sanskrit
1085:
1082:
1053:
1050:
1042:Vedic Sanskrit
1005:
1002:
970:, and (2) the
956:
955:
951:
950:
947:
941:
940:
937:
931:
930:
927:
921:
920:
917:
911:
910:
907:
897:
894:
884:which are the
869:
866:
846:
843:
789:
788:
786:
785:
778:
771:
763:
760:
759:
756:
755:
749:
746:
745:
742:
741:
738:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
700:Ramcharitmanas
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
660:Pramana Sutras
657:
652:
647:
642:
640:Mimamsa Sutras
637:
635:Samkhya Sutras
632:
627:
622:
617:
615:Dharma Shastra
611:
602:
601:
598:
597:
594:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
522:
517:
516:
513:
512:
509:
508:
507:
506:
496:
495:
494:
483:
478:
477:
474:
473:
470:
469:
467:Devi Bhagavata
460:Shakta puranas
456:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
426:Shaiva puranas
422:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
368:
367:
362:
357:
355:Brahmavaivarta
352:
347:
340:Brahma puranas
338:
333:
332:
329:
328:
325:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
293:
288:
287:
284:
283:
279:
278:
275:
274:
269:
264:
258:
255:
254:
251:
250:
247:
246:
241:
236:
223:
222:
217:
215:Shvetashvatara
212:
207:
202:
197:
195:Brihadaranyaka
184:
183:
178:
165:
164:
159:
150:
145:
144:
141:
140:
137:
136:
131:
126:
121:
108:
107:
102:
97:
92:
86:
81:
80:
77:
76:
75:
74:
69:
63:
55:
54:
46:
45:
39:
38:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3824:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3782:
3774:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3762:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3741:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3722:Hindu temples
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3668:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3626:Hindu studies
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3596:Denominations
3594:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3572:
3568:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3533:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3480:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3406:
3405:Vijayadashami
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3359:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3328:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3294:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3222:Simantonayana
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3201:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3125:
3121:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3014:
3013:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2914:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2809:
2808:Yoga Vasistha
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2719:Bhagavad Gita
2717:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2659:
2658:Sthapatyaveda
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2457:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2365:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2204:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2182:
2177:
2175:
2170:
2168:
2163:
2162:
2159:
2151:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2113:
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2054:81-250-1080-7
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2020:
2016:
2015:
2007:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1993:Indian Wisdom
1986:
1979:
1973:
1966:
1962:
1956:
1949:
1944:
1938:, p. 17.
1937:
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1915:
1911:
1910:
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1895:
1890:
1882:
1878:
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1876:Indian Wisdom
1869:
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1714:0-8239-2287-1
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1542:0-8239-2287-1
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1166:
1165:dharmaśāstras
1161:
1150:
1140:
1136:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1108:celebration,
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1081:
1079:
1078:Shulba Sutras
1075:
1071:
1067:
1066:Shulva-sutras
1063:
1061:
1052:Shulba Sutras
1049:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1035:
1031:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1004:Srauta Sutras
1001:
999:
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990:Shrautasutras
986:
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715:Shiva Samhita
713:
711:
708:
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705:Yoga Vasistha
703:
701:
698:
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688:
686:
683:
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680:Vastu Shastra
678:
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675:Natya Shastra
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648:
646:
643:
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638:
636:
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631:
630:Brahma Sutras
628:
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623:
621:
620:Artha Shastra
618:
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409:Varaha Purana
407:
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267:Bhagavad Gita
265:
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260:
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231:
230:
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227:Atharva vedic
221:
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48:
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44:
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36:
32:
31:
26:
22:
3732:Architecture
3335:Brahmacharya
3277:Samavartanam
3242:Annaprashana
3108:
3011:
2812:
2766:Dharmaśāstra
2756:Arthashastra
2695:
2591:Maitrayaniya
2423:
2416:
2409:
2331:Brahmacharya
2139:
2116:
2112:Plofker, Kim
2105:Bibliography
2095:
2080:
2076:
2068:
2045:
2013:
2006:
1992:
1985:
1972:
1955:
1948:Plofker 2009
1943:
1936:Plofker 2009
1908:
1901:
1894:Plofker 2009
1889:
1875:
1868:
1859:Max Muller,
1855:
1846:Max Muller,
1842:
1822:
1792:
1785:
1765:
1735:
1704:
1690:
1670:
1640:
1633:
1613:
1606:
1581:
1573:
1561:
1554:Plofker 2009
1549:
1488:
1462:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1201:Dharmasutra
1160:Dharmasūtras
1159:
1157:
1154:Dharmasūtras
1124:
1123:
1089:
1087:
1077:
1065:
1055:
1030:Śrautasūtras
1029:
1027:
1013:
997:
994:Smartasutras
993:
989:
987:
975:
972:Smārtasūtras
971:
965:
962:Śrautasūtras
961:
959:
890:
886:Jnana kanda,
885:
878:Karma kanda,
877:
871:
863:
848:
836:
826:Kalpa Sutras
825:
824:
822:
793:
792:
685:Panchatantra
645:Nyāya Sūtras
541:Thiruppugazh
459:
457:
425:
423:
371:
369:
339:
316:
226:
224:
187:
185:
168:
166:
151:
111:
109:
21:Kalpa (aeon)
3812:Hindu texts
3781:WikiProject
3653:Persecution
3641:Nationalism
3631:Iconography
3511:Ratha Yatra
3422:Janmashtami
3417:Rama Navami
3345:Vanaprastha
3296:Varnashrama
3272:Ritushuddhi
3257:Vidyarambha
3247:Chudakarana
3237:Nishkramana
3212:Garbhadhana
2853:Thirukkural
2848:Thiruppugal
2776:Nāradasmṛti
2739:Mahabharata
2517:Atharvaveda
2395:Vaisheshika
2282:Puruṣārthas
1963:Vol. XXIX,
1503:Kalpa Sūtra
1469:Atharvaveda
1198:Grihyasutra
1192:Srautasutra
1090:Gṛhyasūtras
1084:Gṛhyasūtras
1074:Kim Plofker
998:Samayachara
945:Atharvaveda
849:Kalpa is a
730:Vedantasara
655:Yoga Sutras
571:Aathichoodi
504:Historicity
499:Mahabharata
492:Historicity
188:Yajur vedic
105:Atharvaveda
3796:Categories
3482:Kumbh Mela
3450:Gudi Padwa
3395:Durga Puja
3380:Shivaratri
3252:Karnavedha
3232:Namakarana
3194:Tirthatana
2961:Dattatreya
2798:Subhashita
2771:Manusmriti
2648:Dhanurveda
2581:Taittiriya
2566:Kaushitaki
2553:Upanishads
2326:Aparigraha
2228:Philosophy
1716:, page 338
1520:References
1514:Orthopraxy
1195:Sulbasutra
1177:Baudhayana
1110:namegiving
1060:Śulbasûtra
1022:Pythagoras
882:Upanishads
859:Max Muller
820:practice.
725:Panchadasi
710:Swara yoga
546:Tirukkuṟaḷ
360:Markandeya
205:Taittiriya
169:Sama vedic
162:Kaushitaki
147:Upanishads
134:Upanishads
3705:Theosophy
3636:Mythology
3616:Criticism
3584:Etymology
3542:Svādhyāya
3441:New Year
3390:Navaratri
3362:Festivals
3340:Grihastha
3313:Kshatriya
3287:Antyeshti
3262:Upanayana
3227:Jatakarma
3217:Pumsavana
3204:Sanskaras
3169:Naivedhya
3123:Practices
3068:Mahavidya
3036:Saraswati
3023:Goddesses
2981:Kartikeya
2878:Athichudi
2833:Tirumurai
2686:Vyākaraṇa
2653:Natyaveda
2601:Chandogya
2526:Divisions
2507:Yajurveda
1544:, p. 339.
1181:Vashistha
1169:Apastamba
935:Yajurveda
845:Etymology
832:Yajurveda
695:Tirumurai
625:Kamasutra
384:Bhagavata
365:Bhavishya
350:Brahmānda
307:Vyakarana
176:Chandogya
152:Rig vedic
112:Divisions
100:Yajurveda
3802:Vedangas
3761:Category
3712:Glossary
3680:Buddhism
3646:Hindutva
3606:Calendar
3487:Haridwar
3465:Vaisakhi
3460:Puthandu
3350:Sannyasa
3267:Keshanta
3098:Shashthi
2934:Trimurti
2761:Nitisara
2734:Ramayana
2729:Itihasas
2701:Jyotisha
2643:Ayurveda
2635:Upavedas
2616:Mandukya
2561:Aitareya
2543:Aranyaka
2538:Brahmana
2512:Samaveda
2437:Charvaka
2237:Concepts
2218:Timeline
2210:Glossary
2193:Hinduism
2138:(1963).
2114:(2009).
2088:Archived
1497:See also
1258:Sāmaveda
1100:such as
1094:Sanskrit
1034:Sanskrit
925:Samaveda
874:Brahmana
851:Sanskrit
814:Hinduism
798:Sanskrit
747:Timeline
604:Shastras
487:Ramayana
389:Naradiya
322:Jyotisha
290:Vedangas
239:Mandukya
157:Aitareya
129:Aranyaka
124:Brahmana
95:Samaveda
35:a series
33:Part of
3750:Outline
3700:Sikhism
3695:Judaism
3690:Jainism
3571:Related
3547:Namaste
3400:Ramlila
3330:Ashrama
3318:Vaishya
3308:Brahmin
3131:Worship
3083:Rukmini
3073:Matrika
3046:Parvati
3041:Lakshmi
3031:Tridevi
2986:Krishna
2971:Hanuman
2966:Ganesha
2917:Deities
2803:Tantras
2793:Stotras
2746:Puranas
2691:Nirukta
2681:Chandas
2676:Shiksha
2668:Vedanga
2621:Prashna
2611:Mundaka
2533:Samhita
2502:Rigveda
2433:Nāstika
2418:Advaita
2405:Vedanta
2400:Mīmāṃsā
2380:Samkhya
2368:Schools
2356:Akrodha
2275:Saṃsāra
2255:Ishvara
2245:Brahman
2098:, 1983.
2081:bhashya
2071:(1876)
1509:Mīmāṃsā
1173:Gautama
1118:shakhas
915:Rigveda
909:Sutras
868:History
855:Vedanga
839:Jainism
806:Vedānga
480:Itihasa
335:Puranas
312:Nirukta
302:Chandas
297:Shiksha
272:Tantras
244:Prashna
234:Mundaka
119:Samhita
90:Rigveda
3807:Ritual
3771:Portal
3675:Baháʼí
3579:Hindus
3557:Tilaka
3526:Others
3502:Ujjain
3497:Prayag
3492:Nashik
3432:Pongal
3370:Diwali
3323:Shudra
3282:Vivaha
3189:Dhyāna
3164:Bhajan
3154:Bhakti
3139:Temple
3093:Shakti
3001:Varuna
2944:Vishnu
2939:Brahma
2788:Sutras
2724:Agamas
2480:Smriti
2411:Dvaita
2376:Āstika
2321:Asteya
2316:Ahimsa
2302:Moksha
2287:Dharma
2200:topics
2146:
2124:
2085:review
2056:, p.18
2052:
2021:
1916:
1830:
1800:
1773:
1743:
1712:
1648:
1621:
1594:
1540:
1208:Ṛgveda
1046:Pāṇini
983:sutras
977:smriti
818:ritual
735:Stotra
608:sutras
443:Skanda
419:Matsya
404:Vamana
394:Garuda
379:Vishnu
345:Brahma
262:Agamas
220:Maitri
66:Smriti
61:Shruti
3685:Islam
3663:India
3552:Bindi
3535:Other
3475:Ugadi
3470:Vishu
3303:Varna
3184:Tapas
3174:Yajna
3144:Murti
3078:Radha
3058:Durga
3053:Bhumi
2996:Surya
2976:Indra
2949:Shiva
2711:Other
2696:Kalpa
2586:Katha
2490:Vedas
2475:Śruti
2460:Texts
2390:Nyaya
2346:Damah
2336:Satya
2292:Artha
2270:Karma
2260:Atman
2214:Index
2077:vrtti
1883:–198.
1698:–170.
1135:Saman
1106:birth
1070:altar
1037:sūtra
967:śruti
906:Veda
896:Texts
810:Vedas
794:Kalpa
438:Linga
433:Shiva
414:Kurma
399:Padma
317:Kalpa
210:Katha
83:Vedas
25:Kalpa
3727:List
3589:List
3516:Teej
3445:Bihu
3427:Onam
3375:Holi
3179:Homa
3159:Japa
3149:Puja
3109:more
3103:Sita
3088:Sati
3063:Kali
3012:more
3006:Vayu
2991:Rama
2956:Agni
2926:Gods
2606:Kena
2576:Isha
2385:Yoga
2351:Dayā
2341:Dāna
2311:Niti
2297:Kama
2265:Maya
2144:ISBN
2122:ISBN
2073:p. 9
2050:ISBN
2019:ISBN
1914:ISBN
1828:ISBN
1798:ISBN
1771:ISBN
1741:ISBN
1710:ISBN
1646:ISBN
1619:ISBN
1592:ISBN
1538:ISBN
1189:Veda
1158:The
1088:The
1064:(or
1056:The
1028:The
802:कल्प
606:and
453:Agni
448:Vayu
200:Isha
181:Kena
72:List
3601:Law
1998:199
1881:195
1696:169
1588:629
1139:Rig
3798::
2435::
2378::
2250:Om
2061:^
2033:^
1928:^
1812:^
1755:^
1721:^
1680:^
1660:^
1590:.
1527:^
1175:,
1120:.
1104:,
841:.
800::
37:on
2180:e
2173:t
2166:v
2152:.
2130:.
2027:.
2000:.
1922:.
1836:.
1806:.
1779:.
1749:.
1654:.
1627:.
1600:.
1141:.
1024:.
796:(
782:e
775:t
768:v
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.