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of transmission given to Yagyū Munetoshi in 1565, Kamiizumi signs it as “Kamiizumi Ise-no-kami
Fujiwara-no-Hidetsuna”, and in the scrolls given to Munetoshi the following year he signs “Kamiizumi Ise-no-kami Fujiwara-no-Nobutsuna (上泉伊勢守藤原信綱).” If Minowa Castle fell in 1563, Kamiizumi was still using “Hidetsuna” two years later. If it fell in 1566, Kamiizumi was using Nobutsuna before Takeda Shingen attacked. Name changing was common in that era, and it’s likely that the change to Nobutsuna was unrelated to Takeda Shingen.
355:, and then traveled back to eastern Japan, with a letter of introduction from Yamashina to the Yuki clan in Shimōsa Province. The last known record of Kamiizumi is an entry in the records of Seirinji, a Soto Zen Buddhist temple in the town where Kamiizumi's family castle once stood. The record notes that Kamiizumi helped establish the temple in 1577, erecting a gravestone and paying for services. The temple still stands in
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Castle, but he died in 1561. His heir, Ukyō-no-shin
Narimori, was only 16 years old, so Nagano’s death was kept secret as long as possible. Shingen eventually found out, and in 1563 (some sources suggest 1566), he invaded western Kōzuke with a force of over 10,000 Kai soldiers. The Kōyō Gunkan dates the invasion to 1563, while the records of Chōnenji, the temple where Nagano was buried, dates it to 1566.
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there is no grave. One theory is that the gravestone and services held in 1577 were for
Kamiizumi himself, while another is that the gravestone and services were for the 12th anniversary of his son's death, a common rite in Japan. A document of Kiraku-ryū, a jujutsu school based in the Gunma area, says Kamiizumi died in
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Kamiizumi gathered a great many students. One source claims that he had 84 disciples with him when he went to Kyoto in 1564, and in the following year
Kamiizumi himself claims in his certificate to Munetoshi that he had hundreds of disciples, presumably spread all over Japan at that time. Among his
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A common story is that in recognition of his tremendous ability in defense of the castle, Takeda
Shingen allowed Kamiizumi the use of the 信 character (read as either “shin” in “Shingen”, or “nobu” as in “Harunobu”) in his name, and thereafter Kamiizumi was known as Nobutsuna. However, in the license
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Kamiizumi joined Nagano's service, and quickly became one of the "Sixteen Spears of Nagano House". In particular he distinguished himself when Nagano attacked
Yamanaka Castle, and became known as "the best spearsman of Kōzuke." Nagano held off attacks from Takeda Shingen for seven years from Minowa
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In 2008, the city of
Maebashi celebrated the 500th anniversary of Kamiizumi’s birth with a festival. Services were held at the Kamiizumi gravesite, and a 2.5 meter tall bronze statue of Kamiizumi, holding a fukuro-shinai, was unveiled. Yagyū Koichi, a lineal descendant of Kamiizumi’s student Yagyū
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Kamiizumi fought his way out of the castle, and escaped to eastern Kōzuke, where he joined with Kiryū Ōinosuke
Naotsuna. But Naotsuna died soon thereafter and his son Matajirō Shigetsuna took over. With this, Kamiizumi returned to Minowa Castle. It is not known why. One story is that he returned
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It is not known when
Kamiizumi died. One record notes that he died in 1572, but this is clearly contradicted by the Seirinji record noted above. Another record notes that he died in 1577 in Yagyū Village, but the Yagyū family have no records of this, and while there is a memorial to him there,
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invaded western Kōzuke in order to re-take Hirai Castle. Kamiizumi abandoned the Hōjō side, and sent messages to the Uesugi. He became one of Uesugi's generals, and helped the Uesugi drive out the Hōjō forces. Kenshin seized total control of Kōzuke, installed Nagano
Narimasa as governor in
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A counselor in Kyōto named Yamashina Tokitsugu wrote in his diary that Kamiizumi came to the capital in 1570. He stayed with Yamashina for about two years, teaching Shinkage-ryū, and serving Yamashina. During this time he was known as Kamiizumi Musashi-no-kami Nobutsuna, or sometimes Ōgo
311:. Yoshiteru wrote a certificate of admiration, declaring Kamiizumi's school unparalleled in the land, and praising Marume's performance. The certificate is undated. Later, Kamiizumi would move to Kyoto, teaching Shinkage-ryū to various courtiers and noblemen of the Ashikaga Shogunate.
282:, the governor appointed by Shingen. Or, another story is that, impressed by Kamiizumi's valor, Shingen invited him to join the Takeda side after Minowa Castle fell. How exactly it came about is not clear, but what is clear is that Kamiizumi became a minor official to the Takeda clan.
241:, he wrote that he had studied Nen-ryū, Shintō-ryū, Kage-ryū, and others, and had developed an innovation from Kage-ryū, and thus named his school Shinkage-ryū (New Kage-ryū). In his book Shōden Shinkage-ryū, Yagyū Toshinaga surmised that Kamiizumi created Shinkage-ryū in his mid-30s.
406:, a practice sword made from split-bamboo in a leather sleeve, allowing practitioners to practice together and swing with full-force without fear of death or major injury. The particular version used in Yagyū Shinkage-ryū is called a
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from a priest, and approached the barn with two rice balls. Kamiizumi used the rice balls to lull the man into dropping his guard, and then quickly seized him and saved the child. This episode was later used by writer/director
230:, it is believed that Kamiizumi learned Kage-ryū from Ikōsai, receiving full transmission around the age of 23. A few years later, Kamiizumi learned battle strategy and divination from a man named Ogasawara Ujitaka.
383:. Through his major students, numerous branch traditions were created and spread around Japan. Schools still extant today that claim Kamiizumi as a founder, co-founder, or progenitor include
210:. It is not clear who Kamiizumi’s teachers were; in all of his later writings, he marks the start of lineal transmission of his art from himself. He was a younger contemporary of
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clans. His family was originally a branch of the Ōgo clan that moved to nearby Kaigayagō Kamiizumi and took its name for their own. When the main Ōgo clan moved to
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ordered an attack on Ōgo castle, now commanded by Kamiizumi. Kamiizumi surrendered the castle without a fight, and joined Ujiyasu. This same year,
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for about half a year before arriving at the capital in 1564. During one of these trips, Kamiizumi and Marume demonstrated Shinkage-ryū to the
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was completely surrounded and besieged. Narimori killed himself on February 22, morale fell, and the castle followed on the 28th.
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of the Planning Committee for the Festival Recognizing the 500th anniversary of Kamiizumi Ise-no-Kami's Birth. (Japanese)
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124:, (上泉 信綱), born Kamiizumi Ise-no-Kami Fujiwara-no-Hidetsuna, (c.1508 – 1572/1577) was a samurai in Japan's
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collection of historical stories, related one of Kamiizumi travelling to Myōkōji Temple, in
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named Tenmyō in Zen Buddhism and other Eastern philosophy. In his youth, he went to nearby
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in 1577, while a document of the Kamiizumi family suggests he died in Odawara in 1582.
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Yagyu Hyōgo Toshinobu, "Yagyū Shinkage-ryū Engi", in Yoshio Imamura (Ed.)
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Legacies of the Sword, the Kashima-Shinryu and Samurai Martial Culture
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Yagyū Jūbei Mitsuyoshi, "Tsuki no Sho", in Yoshio Imamura (Ed.)
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Artwork of Kamiizumi Ise-no-kami Hidetsuna (written as 上泉伊勢守秀綱).
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551:"Gyokuei Shūi", a Yagyū family record, in Yoshio Imamura (Ed.)
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Munetoshi, demonstrated Shinkage-ryū with his students.
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Autumn Lightning: The Education of an American Samurai
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From the age of 13 or 14, Kamiizumi was tutored by a
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In the Empi-no-Tachi scrolls that Kamiizumi gave to
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402:He is popularly credited as the inventor of the
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77:Kamiizumi Musashi-no-Kami, Ōgo Musashi-no-Kami
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641:. Cassell & Co. pp. 217–218.
580:. (1997) University of Hawaii Press,
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351:Musashi-no-kami. In 1572 he visited
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703:The Samurai Swordsman: Master of War
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913:Famous Samurai: Kamiizumi Nobutsuna
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16:Samurai in Japan's Sengoku period
778:. (2005) Gakken Kenkyūsha K.K.,
755:. (1994) Shinjimbutsu Ōraisha.
685:. (1995) Shinjimbutsu Ōraisha,
665:. (1995) Shinjimbutsu Ōraisha,
555:. (1995) Shinjimbutsu Ōraisha,
417:The Honchō Bugei Shōden, a mid-
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23:Kamiizumi Ise-no-Kami Nobutsuna
627:, Japanese language Knowledge.
517:Yagyū, Toshinaga (1957, 1989)
262:, and returned to his base in
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705:. (2008) Tuttle Publishing,
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2300:16th-century martial artists
2280:Martial arts school founders
753:Teihon Yamato Yagyū Ichizoku
218:puts Kamiizumi second after
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915:. Floating World Editions.
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911:De Lange, William (2012).
892:De Lange, William (2019).
637:Turnbull, Stephen (1998).
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639:The Samurai Sourcebook
290:Spreading Shinkage-ryū
346:Later years and death
327:, a monk who founded
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48:Kaigayagō Kamiizumi,
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385:(Yagyū) Shinkage-ryū
340:Komagawa Kaishin-ryū
315:famous students are
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1469:Kobayakawa Takakage
1397:Kamiizumi Nobutsuna
1274:Sakakibara Yasumasa
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1139:Chōsokabe Motochika
701:Turnbull, Stephen.
624:Kamiizumi Nobutsuna
597:熊本の古武道流派 紹介 肥後新陰流剣術
519:Shōden Shinkage-ryū
280:Naitō Shūri-no-kami
134:Kamiizumi Isenokami
122:Kamiizumi Nobutsuna
114:Komagawa Tarōzaemon
44:Kamiizumi Hidetsuna
2164:Yoshihiro Kikuhime
2079:Ōtomo-Nata Jezebel
1750:Tachibana Ginchiyo
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1194:Isshiki Yoshimichi
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1043:Toyotomi Hideyoshi
874:2009-02-27 at the
855:2008-11-04 at the
836:2013-01-08 at the
831:熊本の古武道流派 紹介 タイ捨流剣術
602:2012-04-02 at the
395:, Taisha-ryū, and
336:Komagawa Kuniyoshi
309:Ashikaga Yoshiteru
228:Yagyū Shinkage-ryū
214:. The lineage of
204:Ibaraki Prefecture
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1868:Shirai no Tsubone
1697:Female castellans
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1422:Tsukahara Bokuden
1417:Tadashima Akiyama
1407:Mizuno Katsushige
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1314:Shimazu Yoshihiro
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1219:Miyoshi Nagayoshi
1184:Imagawa Yoshimoto
1119:Asakura Yoshikage
1088:Tokugawa Hidetada
1083:Ashikaga Yoshiaki
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776:Nihon no Kenjutsu
751:Imamura, Yoshio.
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206:) and studied
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869:Official Site
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2290:1500s births
2039:Odai no Kata
1989:Konoe Sakiko
1878:Yuki no Kata
1848:Okyō no Kata
1667:Sessai Chōrō
1507:, rogues and
1396:
1174:Hōjō Ujiyasu
1169:Hōjō Ujimasa
1098:
1057:
1038:Oda Nobunaga
1027:
1026:Three major
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438:in his film
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325:Hōzōin In'ei
313:
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293:
284:
276:
268:
251:Hōjō Ujiyasu
248:
245:As a general
232:
202:(modern day
186:(modern day
174:
148:(modern day
143:
133:
130:Shinkage-ryū
121:
120:
85:
59:1572 or 1577
2214:Soga Seikan
2029:Naitō Julia
2024:Lady Myōkyū
1974:Lady Kasuga
1914:Chikurin-in
1887:Other women
1833:Numata Jakō
1818:Maeda Matsu
1808:Komatsuhime
1768:Akai Teruko
1687:Takuan Sōhō
1652:Koji Kashin
1642:Ishin Sūden
1522:Fūma Kotarō
1509:mercenaries
1461:strategists
1447:Itō Ittōsai
1354:Ukita Naoie
1259:Saitō Dōsan
1244:Ōtomo Sōrin
224:Aisu Ikōsai
170:Mount Akagi
154:Uesugi clan
97:Aisu Ikōsai
74:Other names
64:Native name
2264:Categories
2210:Luís Fróis
2134:Lady Toida
2094:Lady Sanjō
2089:Lady Saigō
2069:Ōmandokoro
1934:Gotokuhime
1929:Dota Gozen
1924:Lady Goryū
1803:Katō Tsune
1745:Seishin-ni
1542:Katō Danzō
1179:Ii Naomasa
859:(Japanese)
809:(Japanese)
648:1854095234
452:References
423:Ichinomiya
419:Edo period
329:Hōzōin-ryū
196:Shintō-ryū
160:, and the
140:Early life
94:Teacher(s)
2205:Julia Ota
2159:Yoshihime
2014:Matsuhime
1979:Keigin-ni
1954:Irohahime
1909:Lady Chaa
1904:Asahihime
1894:Lady Acha
1858:Oni Gozen
1783:Ikeda Sen
1730:Onamihime
1617:and other
1379:Swordsmen
1164:Hōjō Sōun
821:(English)
412:hikigaeru
249:In 1555,
68:上泉 伊勢守 信綱
2242:See also
2223:Wang Zhi
2139:Tokuhime
2119:Tobai-in
2099:Seien-in
2074:Ono Otsū
2019:Megohime
2009:Kyōun'in
1964:Jukei-ni
1863:Shigashi
1793:Kamehime
1715:Miyohime
1457:Advisers
1017:Go-Yōzei
1012:Ōgimachi
872:Archived
853:Archived
834:Archived
600:Archived
381:kenjutsu
357:Maebashi
208:Kage-ryū
87:Kenjutsu
2275:Samurai
2144:Tōshōin
2114:Sentōin
2109:Senhime
2104:Seikōin
1984:Kitsuno
1899:Akohime
1788:Kaihime
1007:Go-Nara
994:Emperor
987:periods
981:Sengoku
369:Odawara
332:sōjutsu
192:Nen-ryū
46:c. 1508
2233:Yasuke
2059:Ohatsu
2034:Nōhime
1994:Kōzōsu
1919:Gōhime
1828:Myōrin
1710:Chacha
1662:Rennyo
1100:daimyō
1097:Other
1059:Shōgun
1029:daimyō
938:
919:
900:
782:
759:
730:
709:
689:
669:
645:
584:
559:
525:
375:Impact
305:shōgun
264:Echigo
226:. In
194:, and
162:Takeda
2084:Rikei
2049:Oichi
1853:Omasa
1823:Myōki
1615:Monks
1505:Ninja
296:Kyoto
180:rōshi
82:Style
2129:Tomo
2054:Oinu
2044:Oeyo
1725:Nene
1647:Jion
1459:and
983:and
936:ISBN
917:ISBN
898:ISBN
780:ISBN
757:ISBN
728:ISBN
707:ISBN
687:ISBN
667:ISBN
643:ISBN
582:ISBN
557:ISBN
523:ISBN
431:kesa
237:and
158:Hōjō
56:Died
41:Born
177:Zen
2266::
767:^
738:^
611:^
567:^
534:^
460:^
444:.
425:,
414:.
399:.
391:,
387:,
363:.
359:,
342:.
266:.
172:.
112:,
108:,
972:e
965:t
958:v
944:.
925:.
906:.
713:.
651:.
529:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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