1121:
562:
1358:
1003:
1279:(royal decree) from Fath-Ali Shah, asking him to reaffirm his loyalty and work with him to expel the Russians from Karabakh. In addition to forgiving Mehdi Qoli Khan for his earlier transgressions, Fath-Ali Shah would also install him as Karabakh's governor and work with him to bring back the tribes of Karabakh who had sought asylum in Azerbaijan. Mehdi Qoli Khan, who changed his alliance between Iran and Russia to his greatest advantage like the majority of the khans in the South Caucasus, made the decision to stick by Russia. In an effort to reassure his continuous allegiance to the Russian Empire, he sent Kotliarevskii the
1045:), the Iranian shahs had declared rulership over parts of the Caucasus. This included Nader Shah, Karim Khan and now Agha Mohammad Khan. The neighboring khanates were still seen as Iranian dependencies even when the shahs in mainland Iran lacked the power to enforce their rule in the area. Likewise, Agha Mohammad Khan also considered Georgia to be an Iranian province. He issued threatening letters to the khans who had established connections with Russia in an effort to reestablish Iranian dominance over the border districts. In 1792/93, Agha Mohammad Khan assigned his lieutenant
1234:
40:
1217:
side with Iran, and requested assistance in regaining control of the castle at Shusha. Ibrahim Khalil Khan's change of heart had been caused by the recent death of his eldest son and heir
Mohammad Hasan Agha, who was a prominent major-general in the Russian army, and the Russians not seeming to be in a position to defend effectively against the larger Iranian army that was drawing near. Fath-Ali Shah pardoned Ibrahim Khalil Khan, who moved to an adjacent hill outside Shusha so that the Iranian forces could assault its garrison.
1549:
there were 162 Muslim families, whereas the other two-quarters of Shusha were home to 209 Armenian families. The survey also includes a list of Muslim (numbering 765) and
Armenian (numbering 326) families who were listed as inhabiting Shusha and its surroundings, originating from several settlements and nomadic fields in Karabakh. They either belonged to the khan's family, the clergy, the government, or the subjects of different officials. Instead of paying taxes, they provided a range of services to the monarch, the
308:
1513:(districts) of Karabakh was composed of 17,101 families of villagers and nomads. Its inhabitants were either classified as Tatars, Armenians, or nomads. There were 8,445 nomadic families, 4,654 Armenian families, and 4,002 Tatar families, which means that the nomads comprised 49.38% of the population, followed by Armenians (27.22%) and then the Tatars (23.40%). The survey adds that by including Shusha, the entire population of Karabakh consisted of 18,563 families.
990:) with Heraclius in 1783. Heraclius, who was worried of reinstatement of fidelty to Iran, agreed to the terms of the treaty, which was to renounce his loyalty to Iran in return for Russian protection. This treaty strained the relationship between Heraclius and Ibrahim Khalil Khan, who also attempted to get in contact with the Russians, but was ignored by Catherine II, as she did not want to get embroiled in the conflict between the khans.
899:, a place in Varanda. Panah Ali Khan relocated the notables, dignitaries, and tribal leaders there. The power of the Javanshir became centered in that stronghold, which would withstand many sieges. The nature of the Javanshir khans' patron-client relationship with Shahnazar II is unclear, but it appears that their control of the fortress was restricted to its southern part, which was its Muslim sector. In 1757, the Qajar chieftain
269:
968:, the future shah of Iran, had been a nominal hostage of Karim Khan in Shiraz and was entirely preoccupied with establishing his authority and eliminating rivals in Iran. As they battled to preserve their autonomy at a time when the Iranians and Russians wanted to incorporate the eastern Caucasus under their own empires, Georgia and Karabakh's partnership turned out to be highly beneficial for both of them.
814:
1617:, and other personnel in the administration of his court and province. In exchange for tax exemption, every Karabakhi tribesman who appeared on the records enrolled the cavalry. Even tax-exempt tribes contributed financially and in kind when mercenaries were needed, but the khan covered the expenses of their equipment and horse fodder when they joined the army. The
1221:
some of his relatives and 30 members of his retinue were killed by a group of
Russian soldiers under the instigation of Ja'far Qoli Agha and the commander of the Russian garrison. Although Ja'far Qoli Agha had hoped to become the new khan for helping the Russians against his grandfather's "betrayal", they ultimately appointed Ibrahim Khalil Khan's 30-year-old son
1740:
Iranian province of
Azerbaijan, the linguistical similarities between the two places, and so on. However, the vast majority of current European historians, as well as 19th century Russian and Iranian sources, consider them to have been two distinct geographical and political areas. Prior to 1918 the word "Azerbaijan" referred to the Iranian region of Azerbaijan.
1717:, and other Caucasian tribes, is disregarded by Azerbaijani historians, who group them together with the Tatars, considering them all to be "Azerbaijanis." However, before the 20th century, the Azerbaijanis barely constituted as an ethnic group, much less a nation. The people who lived in the present-day country of Azerbaijan identified as either Muslims of the
1171:, but his family was reinstated following Agha Mohammad Khan's assassination in Shusha on 17 June 1797. Ibrahim Khalil Khan's nephew Mohammad Beg briefly assumed charge of the khanate, but not long after Ibrahim Khalil Khan came back and re-established his authority. He quickly established friendly relations with Agha Mohammad Khan's successor
1735:
policies in
Nagorno-Karabakh, Azerbaijani politicians, journalists, and academics asserted that the region had never been a part of historical Armenia and that the region's Armenian residents were immigrants who had slowly relocated there after 1828. The 2003 Azerbaijani edition of the Russian survey
1712:
institution, have been revived in post-Soviet
Azerbaijani historiography. They are difficult foundational pieces for a national narrative because of their briefness, diversity, and constant factional strife. Modern Azerbaijani academia and history books refer to all of the khanates north and south of
1329:
stated this passage shows that
Javanshirs tribal dominion included more than just pastoral or migratory land. Their forts, which resembled small cities, served as the hubs of the khanate. The strongholds of Bayat, Shah-Bulaghi, and Shusha required a large number of craftsmen and laborers to construct
993:
Ibrahim Khalil Khan continued his fathers efforts to dominate all of
Karabakh, succeeding in retaining Shahnazar II's support and also married his daughter. He also took Melik Bakhtam of Dizak hostage and had him sent to Ardabil in mainland Iran, which Dizak was incorporated into. Ibrahim Khalil also
1216:
was assigned with the task of handling
Ibrahim Khalil Khan. The Russians were temporarily interrupted by the murder of Tsitsianov in February 1806. During this period, Ibrahim Khalil Khan sent a letter to Fath-Ali Shah, in which he apologized for yielding to the Russians, declared his willingness to
1111:
Due to the capture of his two nephews and the worsening conditions of the siege, Ibrahim Khalil Khan petitioned for peace and promised that he would acknowledge Agha
Mohammad Khan's suzerainty. He sent one of his sons to act as a hostage in his stead, claiming that his age-related ailments prevented
951:
Karim Khan subsequently appointed Ibrahim Khalil Khan as the new khan of Karabakh. Following Karim Khan's death on 1 March 1779, however, a power struggle ensured amongst his kinsmen. Ibrahim Khalil Khan took advantage on the chaos that followed by pursuing his own goals. He enhanced his standing by
1385:
in honor of Panah Ali Khan. This was the first time silver coins were minted by the khans of Karabakh, a late development compared to other khanates. This was because Panah Ali Khan and Shahnazar II shared control over Shusha, with the minting of silver coins only being a possibility following the
1220:
One of Ibrahim Khalil Khan's grandchildren, Ja'far Qoli Agha, the son of Mohammad Hasan Agha, whose succession was meant to be assured by the Treaty of Kurekchay and who had his own plans for ruling Karabakh, was frightened and angered by this action. On 2 June 1806, Ibrahim Khalil Khan along with
1071:
Agha Mohammad Khan was prepared to reinstate Iranian rule in the southeastern Caucasus by the summer of 1795. He was unafraid to engage the Russians, a trait he retained throughout, and neither the Treaty of Georgievsk nor Russian activity in the southeastern Caucasus seemed to discourage him. His
833:
and local khans fought over land. Some Turkic tribes took advantage of his death by restoring their power in Iranian Armenia. The Qajars restored their power in Ganja, Erivan and Nakhchivan, while Panah Ali Khan seized control over all of Karabakh, with the exception of the five melikdoms. Ibrahim
1674:
under the Safavid, Afsharid, Zand, or Qajar dynasties is the main subject of the majority of Iranian primary sources. Events taking place in remote areas like Karabakh are typically given a brief paragraph in these texts, unless the shah felt it important to visit such areas. Karabakh is only the
1516:
There were roughly 300 settlements in Karabakh, equally split between the Armenians and Tatars. There were a few more people living in Armenian villages than in Tatar ones. The number of nomad pastures was about 375. Accordingly, there were 30 families per settlement and approximately 25 families
1144:
Ibrahim Khalil Khan submitted to the Russians, as he feared them more than the Iranians. Although neither a treaty nor a Russian garrison was established in Karabakh, this event established a model for eventual Russian assertions of sovereignty over Karabakh and other khanates. However, Catherine
1548:
According to the 1823 Russian survey, 371 families were registered as living in Shusha's three-quarters. The Kazanchi and Ahlisi quarters were fully made up of people with Armenian names, whilst the Tabrizi quarter was totally made up of people with Muslim names. In the Tabrizi sector of Shusha,
1107:
region into Karabakh and the rest of Caucasus. Despite this, the Iranian forces succeeded in getting to the other side of the river by using boats, and also rebuilt the bridge. Ibrahim Khalil Khan's forces were defeated and withdrew to Shusha, which was then besieged by Agha Mohammad Khan for 43
544:
Soon finding himself in a difficult position, Ibrahim Khalil Khan rejoined the Iranians. However, he was shortly afterwards murdered by a group of Russian soldiers under the instigation of his grandson Ja'far Qoli Agha and the Russian garrison leader. The Russians subsequently confirmed Ibrahim
1739:
Modern Azerbaijani scholars and historians claim that the present-day country of Azerbaijan and the Azerbaijan region in present-day northwestern Iran used to be one entity, based on arguments such as Nakhchivan and southern Karabakh being temporarily part of the administrative division of the
1269:
to meddle in the internal affairs of the khanate because of his high regard for Mehdi Qoli Khan. Although Mehdi Qoli Khan held the title of khan of Karabakh, he was in reality a figurehead, the real authority being held by the Russians. In 1807, southern Karabakh had a sizable Iranian military
1132:
As a result of Heraclius' refusal to submit, Agha Mohammad Khan marched to Tiflis and had it ravaged in September 1795. Catherine II, viewing the attack on Tiflis as an offense to Russia, used it as a reason to invade the South Caucasus. In March 1796, she sent a public declaration, written in
1713:
the Aras as "Azerbaijani khanates," reinventing them as the forerunners of the Azerbaijani nation. This includes the Karabakh Khanate, whose Javanshir khans are portrayed as "founding fathers". Additionally, the ethnic heritage of the nomads that lived in Karabakh, which included Turkic,
607:("Black Garden") started slowly replacing the name of the area. Many of the surviving Armenian nobles and their followers resettled in the highlands of Karabakh, where they continued to have authority. The population of the Armenians in the lowlands was further dwindled by
1656:
The administrative and literary language in Karabakh until the end of the 19th century was Persian, with Arabic being used only for religious studies, despite the fact that most of the Muslims in the region spoke a Turkic dialect. Persian was also spoken in the judiciary.
933:
By 1762, Karim Khan had established his authority across most of Iran, and was eventually acknowledged by Georgia and the various khans of the South Caucasus as their suzerain. This included Panah Ali Khan, who along with some other khans was taken hostage to the city of
750:. Although Davit Bek died between 1726 and 1728, his successors managed to maintain their control over most of the highlands until the resurgence of Iran, now led by Nader Khan Afshar, who repelled the Ottomans in 1735. The following year, he crowned himself as
1730:
Before 1988, Azerbaijani experts did not dispute the historical Armenian presence in Nagorno-Karabakh, which changed when the Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh demanded that their region break way from Azerbaijan. In order to defend their government's
1419:
Alexander Akopyan and Pavel Petrov, this was not unusual, as Ibrahim Khalil displayed pro-Russian sentiment and engaged in negotiations with Russian officials, but was also under Iranian influence and tried to have his coins easily spread in Iran.
1112:
him from meeting Agha Mohammad Khan directly. However, he still refused to give entry into Shusha. Agha Mohammad Khan was willing to compromise in order to clear a path to Tiflis due to the campaign's primary goal being the subjugation of Georgia.
1588:
and Khorasan. In terms of structure, the Karabakh Khanate was a miniature version of Iranian kingship. In the same pattern as Afsharid and Zand rulers, Panah Ali Khan's family were all distinguished figures and served as officials. He used
860:. He occasionally attempted to form an alliance with Georgia in an effort to restrain Haji Chalabi Khan's goals, but his efforts were ineffective. In 1752, Panah Ali Khan relocated everyone from Bayat to the newly constructed
1517:
every nomad pasture. Karabakh's overall population is estimated to have been between 113,000 and 115,000 people, taking into account the estimated 5.5–6.5 person average family size in the area throughout the 19th century.
526:, the new ruler of Iran. Following Agha Mohammad Khan's assassination in Shusha the same year, Ibrahim Khalil Khan restored his authority in Karabakh. He established friendly relations with Agha Mohammad Khan's successor
1068:. During the siege, Abd al-Samad made an attempt to escape to Karabakh, but was captured and killed near Tehran. This incident upset Ibrahim Khalil, who continued to make excuses to avoid meeting Agha Mohammad Khan.
1141:, to all the khans and important figures of the region. The letter explained her reason behind the invasion as a way to protect Georgia and the rest of the South Caucasus from the "usurper" Agha Mohammad Khan.
1209:, which granted Russia full authority over Karabakh's external affairs in exchange for a yearly payment. Russia also recognized Ibrahim Khalil and his lineage through his eldest son as the rulers of Karabakh.
1092:) entered into correspondence with the Russians, who gave them hope that they could defeat the Iranian forces. Heraclius also contacted the Russians, asking them for assistance against the impending invasion.
731:, the later leaders of the Javanshir belonged to the Sarijalu tribe as they had taken over the leadership of the Javanshir. For decades, the Javanshir had moved its sheep to Karabakh, where they had given the
1736:
of 1823 is an altered version of the original work; in addition to having several typographical errors, it also frequently omits key information, such as the word "Armenian," either mistakenly or on purpose.
663:. The lowlands of Karabakh were dominated by nomadic Turkic tribes, who moved to the hillsides in search of suitable pastures throughout the summer. The highlands of Karabakh were dominated by Armenian
417:. In terms of structure, the Karabakh Khanate was a miniature version of Iranian kingship. The administrative and literary language in Karabakh until the end of the 19th century was Persian, with
1696:(died 1853) is the earliest written source that focuses on Karabakh. It focuses on political and, to a lesser extent, social and economic circumstances in Karabakh from the 1740s until 1806.
1560:
This means that in 1823, there were a total of 1,462 families living in Shusha and its surroundings, with 921 families (63.41%) of them being Muslims and 535 (36.59%) of them being Armenian.
769:; Erivan, Nakhchivan, Ganja, and Karabakh. A khanate was a type of administrative unit governed by a hereditary or appointed ruler subject to Iranian rule. The title of the ruler was either
1076:, advanced into the area in the summer of that year. The first few months were spent by Agha Mohammad Khan winning the Muslim rulers' compliance. Ibrahim Khalil Khan and two other khans (
907:
and installed his clansman Dargah-Qoli Beg Javanshir its governor, though it is uncertain how long he held the post. Nazar Ali Khan Shahsevan is later recorded as its governor under the
1205:, who led the Russian campaign and led the siege of Ganja, soon forced Ibrahim Khalil Khan to yield and accept a Russian garrison in Shusha. In May 1805, Ibrahim Khalil Khan signed the
1163:
In order to exact revenge on the khans who had acknowledged the authority of Russia, Agha Mohammad Khan went back to the Caucasus. Ibrahim Khalil Khan escaped this time to his relative
549:
in 1813, Iran officially ceded most of their Caucasian holdings (including Karabakh) to Russia. In 1822, Mehdi Qoli Khan fled to Iran as a result of the attempts by the Russian general
1305:
In Iran, Mehdi Qoli Khan was amongst the members of the "war party" or the "hawks", who advocated for war against the Russians. He was later amongst the Iranian soldiers during the
700:
tribe. Following the collapse of the Safavid regime in 1722, the governorship was divided into two distinct areas, each controlled by a local clan. It was during this period that
1056:. He also asked for a deadline of the summer to prepare to make the trip himself. Soleyman Khan took Abd al-Samad as his captive, and by the end of November 1793 went to the
283:
971:
Capitalizing on the turmoil in Iran, as well as the Ottomans inability to confront Russia, a group of Russians politicians, led by the military leader and statesman
685:) that ruled in Karabakh. These Armenian-ruled principalities, which upheld the notion of Armenian statehood, were used by the Safavids to fight the Ottoman Empire.
1568:
Taxes were paid yearly in one single payment by the inhabitants of Shusha. The Armenian quarters were required to pay the most, providing 590 gold rubles and 200
834:
Khalil Khan and the rest of the Javanshir tribe had also returned to Karabakh. In 1748, Panah Ali Khan declared his allegiance to Nader Shah's son and successor
1641:
eras. A portion from Qom's earnings was provided to Ibrahim Khalil Khan's daughter Agha Baji and her 200 personal attendants from Karabakh after she joined the
1536:
of Varanda and Dizak, while the rest of the villages were populated by Armenians. Overall, there were 1,536 Armenian families and 53 Tatar families in the five
3998:
3244:
The 1820 Russian Survey of the Khanate of Shirvan: A Primary Source on the Demography and Economy of an Iranian Province prior to its Annexation by Russia
4003:
1624:
uses the example of Panah Ali Khan as an argument that the character and design of Iran's political system were unaffected by increased tribal activity.
1052:
Instead of going in person, Ibrahim Khalil Khan dispatched his nephew Abd al-Samad Beg to deliver presents and offerings to Soleyman Khan in the city of
852:
constructed, in which he housed his entire family, his retinue, dignitaries, and numerous tribal leaders. Panah Ali Khan soon fell into a conflict with
3900:
1396:. The khans of Karabakh never issued coins under their own name, due to lacking the legitimacy of an sovereign monarch and any claims to independence.
781:. Nader Shah also forced several Turkic tribes (including the Javanshir) to mainland Iran in order to guarantee their allegiance. Panah Ali Khan's son
518:
as the new khan. Following Karim Khan's death in 1779, Ibrahim Khalil Khan strived to maintain his autonomy by allying himself with the Georgian king
1433:
side read "There is one God, His name is Allah, and Mohammad was His Prophet", whilst its reverse side read "minted in Panahabad." "Panahabad" was a
522:
and making contact with the Russian Empire, even briefly submitting to the latter. Because of his defiance, he was in 1797 ousted from Karabakh by
3225:
The 1823 Russian Survey of the Karabagh Province. A Primary Source on the Demography and Economy of Karabagh in the First Half of the 19th Century
864:
stronghold, which brought him within close proximity of the highlands ruled by the five Armenian melikdoms. Panah Ali Khan made an alliance with
3388:
1321:
According to Mirza Jamal Javanshir, Bayat received many new settlers (including artisans) from nearby areas, including Ardabil and Tabriz. The
1265:) officially confirmed him as khan. Kotliarevskii, the new commander of the Russian garrison in Shusha, was forbidden by the Russian commander
1290:, in which Iran agreed to cede the majority of their holdings in the eastern Caucasus to Russia, including Karabakh. The treaty was signed in
1120:
1201:
took place in 1804 between the Iranian and Russian armies, but they had no significant impact on the situation. The Georgian nobleman
3721:
1095:
10,000 of Agha Mohammad Khan's forces first marched towards Talesh, which quickly submitted. Meanwhile, Ibrahim Khalil Khan had the
615:
tribes in the 14th and 15th centuries. By the early 16th century, Armenia had become a focal point of the constant wars between the
466:), who officially appointed him khan of Karabakh. Panah Ali Khan's tenure was marked by building activities (such as the castles of
3319:
From the Kur to the Aras: A Military History of Russia's Move into the South Caucasus and the First Russo-Iranian War, 1801–1813
708:, which now dominated the lowlands of Karabakh, as well as the Otuziki and Kebirlu tribal federation. The Safavid-era historian
3893:
537:), who married his daughter and confirmed him as the khan of Karabakh. In May 1805, he submitted to the Russians, signing the
3829:
3709:
3687:
3663:
3644:
3474:
3444:
3425:
3376:
3349:
3330:
3299:
3251:
3232:
3190:
3171:
3147:
3123:
1732:
789:. Panah Ali Khan was an exception, as he was kept hostage. However, following the execution of his brother Behbud Ali Beg in
1429:
was still in circulation in some regions of South Caucasus and Iran up until the early 19th century. The inscription on the
1584:
Karabakh was a province of an imperial structure that was entirely Iranian, in the same fashion as other provinces such as
1540:, which means that in 1822, 96.67% of Nagorno-Karabakh inhabitants were Armenians, with the remaining 3.33% being Tatars.
561:
1705:
603:
invasions, the Armenians there became a minority in the 11th century, and by the 14th century, the Turko-Persian name
3886:
3805:
3612:
3583:
3551:
3532:
3503:
3213:
1306:
1198:
1145:
II's death on 17 November 1796 led to the withdrawal of the Russian forces under the orders of her son and successor
1023:
3789:
The Population of Persian Armenia Prior to and Immediately Following its Annexation to the Russian Empire: 1826–1832
3871:
1309:. He was finally given permission to go back to Karabakh in 1836, where he retired. He died 1845 and was buried in
3435:
Floor, Willem (2018). "Tribal Resurgence in the Eighteenth Century: A Useful Label?". In Axworthy, Michael (ed.).
1357:
829:
Following Nader Shah's assassination in 1747, Iran fell into turmoil, especially in the South Caucasus. There the
39:
3261:
Bournoutian, George (2016b). "Prelude to War: The Russian Siege and Storming of the Fortress of Ganjeh, 1803–4".
1493:
The majority of the known coins minted by the Karabakh Khanate were issued during their association with Russia.
1441:(honorific) used to refer to Shusha, albeit it was only employed in official, bureaucratic language and not as a
1064:. Abd al-Samad was later part of the retinue that accompanied Agha Mohammad Khan during his siege of the city of
735:
an annual tax in exchange for access to summer pasturage. Karabakh thus held immense significance for the tribe.
648:
1298:
vehemently opposed it. In 1822, Mehdi Qoli Khan fled to Iran as a result of the attempts by the Russian general
1852:
644:
600:
455:) by seizing most of Karabakh. The following year he declared his allegiance to Nader Shah's son and successor
1002:
765:
by acknowledging Karabakh and Zangezur as semi-autonomous regions. He had Iranian Armenia organized into four
1814:
can be translated as "district," "area," or "zone." Occasionally it can be translated as "quarter," although
1532:
of Gulistan, Khachen, and Jraberd, they were the only people there. One Tatar village existed in each of the
1085:
1197:
was appointed as the new khan. Despite this, Ibrahim Khalil Khan continued to rule as the khan of Karabakh.
1185:
Fath-Ali Shah was later convinced of Ibrahim Khalil Khan's lack of reliability by his unwillingness to help
1030:
at the same time as Agha Mohammad Khan's authority in Iran was growing. Since the time of the first Safavid
545:
Khalil Khan's son Mehdi Qoli Khan as the khan, although real power was held by the Russians. By signing the
3993:
3546:
1646:
1194:
3200:
Bournoutian, George (1997). "Eastern Armenia from the Seventeenth Century to the Russian Annexation". In
1769:
1572:("donkey's load") of firewood every year. The Muslim quarter were required to pay 200 gold rubles and 60
1451:
seemingly only had its own name as a result of these coins' weights being different from earlier Iranian
1295:
3161:
3604:
3575:
3524:
3495:
1299:
994:
captured both Melik Abov of Gulistan and Melik Medjlum of Jraberd and granted their domains to others.
742:
were the only parts of Iranian Armenia which managed to fend off the Ottomans, under the leadership of
550:
541:, which granted them full authority over Karabakh's external affairs in exchange for a yearly payment.
421:
being used only for religious studies, despite the fact that most of the Muslims in the region spoke a
3183:
A History of Qarabagh: An Annotated Translation of Mirza Jamal Javanshir Qarabaghi's Tarikh-e Qarabagh
3988:
3418:
Titles and Emoluments in Safavid Iran: A Third Manual of Safavid Administration, by Mirza Naqi Nasiri
1222:
961:
957:
900:
184:
1723:(community), or Turks, who shared a language family spread out throughout a considerable portion of
3909:
1007:
965:
766:
738:
In 1723, the Ottomans invaded Iran, conquering most of its northeastern part by 1724. Karabakh and
523:
394:
301:
930:
besieged Shusha. Panah Ali Khan made him lift the siege by giving Ibrahim Khalil Khan as hostage.
1291:
1206:
953:
903:
made an unsuccessful attempt at capturing Shusha. Panah Ali Khan afterwards captured the city of
678:
538:
519:
383:
363:
58:
3484:
Hambly, Gavin R. G. (1991). "Āghā Muhammad Khān and the establishment of the Qājār dynasty". In
510:), who had established his authority in most of Iran. The latter took Panah Ali Khan hostage to
3593:
Lambton, A.K.S. (1991). "Land Tenure and Revenue Administration in the Nineteenth Century". In
3437:
Crisis, Collapse, Militarism and Civil War: The History and Historiography of 18th Century Iran
1190:
976:
3750:
Yilmaz, Harun (2015). "A Family Quarrel: Azerbaijani Historians against Soviet Iranologists".
3673:
3513:
Hambly, Gavin R. G. (1991). "Iran during the reigns of Fath 'Alī Shāh and Muhammad Shāh". In
1693:
1445:, as the word is missing from Turkic texts that date back to the fortress' construction. The
1255:
1156:), and thus an end to the campaign. By January 1797, all the Russian troops had withdrawn to
877:
670:
1212:
In the same year, Fath-Ali Shah led a large force to the Aras River, while the crown prince
2582:
1864:
1294:, a village in Karabakh. The Iranians were disillusioned by the treaty, and officials like
987:
927:
1847:. Unlike Armenians and Georgians, the Tatars did not have their own alphabet and used the
1818:
is the more appropriate term for quarter. "District" is the most accepted translation for
1251:
Mehdi Qoli Khan consented to abide by the Treaty of Kurekchay on September 22, 1806, when
1233:
880:
agree that it was through the efforts of Shahnazar II (who was in conflict with the other
8:
3945:
3848:
3564:
Kazemzadeh, F. (1991). "Iranian relations with Russia and the Soviet Union, to 1921". In
3360:
3201:
1430:
1244:
1172:
1046:
876:
and made their subjects pay him taxes. Both Armenian sources and the Javanshir historian
782:
709:
682:
612:
527:
515:
489:
169:
1528:, the Armenians made up the vast majority of the population. In all the villages in the
3860:
3767:
3679:
Russian Azerbaijan, 1905–1920: The Shaping of a National Identity in a Muslim Community
3278:
3157:
1807:
1405:
have been discovered, one of light weight, which corresponded to one eighth of Iranian
1326:
1287:
1096:
865:
580:
546:
479:
478:) and the subjugation of four of the melikdoms through the assistance of his new ally,
222:
3405:
3825:
3801:
3771:
3738:
3730:
3705:
3683:
3659:
3640:
3608:
3579:
3528:
3499:
3470:
3440:
3421:
3372:
3345:
3326:
3305:
3295:
3282:
3247:
3228:
3209:
3186:
3167:
3143:
3139:
Iran at War: Interactions with the Modern World and the Struggle with Imperial Russia
3119:
2235:
1868:
1793:
The Safavid regime collapsed in 1722 following their surrender to the Afghans during
1777:
1688:
1454:
1322:
1138:
1125:
1104:
853:
689:
122:
3852:
3759:
3542:
3401:
3397:
3322:
3270:
1848:
1832:
1794:
1525:
1202:
1146:
1134:
1077:
972:
923:
861:
786:
755:
693:
640:
588:
471:
422:
374:
354:
274:
127:
117:
107:
3763:
3726:
3454:
Floor, Willem (2021). "The Safavid court and government". In Matthee, Rudi (ed.).
3274:
436:
tribe which lived in the lowlands of the region. In 1747, the Javanshir chieftain
3960:
3925:
3819:
3677:
3598:
3569:
3518:
3489:
3464:
3364:
3137:
1671:
1618:
1474:, was first minted 1800/01 in the name of Fath-Ali Shah. A unique variant of the
1376:
912:
892:
818:
660:
656:
652:
500:
475:
398:
3600:
The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 7: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic
3571:
The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 7: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic
3520:
The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 7: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic
3491:
The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 7: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic
3965:
3930:
3697:
3133:
1844:
1524:(Gulistan, Khachen, Jraberd, Varanda and Dizak) that later came to be known as
1225:, due to the support he enjoyed amongst the distinguished figures of Karabakh.
1089:
1081:
884:) that Panah Ali Khan gained access to the highlands and started attacking the
705:
701:
697:
616:
596:
584:
570:
437:
429:
402:
154:
64:
3856:
3623:
3309:
1375:
stopped being used. It was later re-established by Ibrahim Khalil Khan, being
633:
The Safavids divided their Armenian territories into two provinces ruled by a
3982:
3955:
3935:
3742:
2693:
2681:
2546:
2186:
2147:
1634:
1393:
1266:
857:
433:
3950:
3920:
3878:
3839:
Reid, James J. (1978). "The Qajar Uymaq in the Safavid Period, 1500–1722".
3815:
3413:
3111:
3099:"The Coinage of Īrawān, Nakhjawān, Ganja and Qarabāḡ Khānates in 1747–1827"
1860:
1856:
1724:
1680:
1621:
1366:
1100:
908:
849:
774:
627:
566:
496:
467:
135:
80:
2841:
2839:
2837:
1333:
A common method in a large fortress-town was to have it centered around a
3594:
3565:
3514:
3485:
1840:
1416:
1213:
1164:
1049:
with the task of putting an end to any opposition against his authority.
688:
From 1554 and onwards, the governorship of both Karabakh and its capital
3702:
Frontier Nomads of Iran: A Political and Social History of the Shahsevan
2795:
2223:
825:, which served as the center of power of the Karabakh Khanate after 1752
3864:
2834:
2822:
2705:
1836:
1649:, one of Ibrahim Khalil Khan's sons, was given much of the land of the
1186:
1182:), who married his daughter and confirmed him as the khan of Karabakh.
1057:
1015:
751:
635:
445:
440:
capitalized on the turmoil that erupted after the death of the Iranian
414:
334:
2669:
1898:
1709:
1676:
1650:
1638:
835:
830:
743:
720:
592:
456:
3098:
1679:, which were written by Turks of the South Caucasus, later known as
719:) reported that the Javanshir did not belong to the seven principal
3791:. The Wilson Center, Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies.
3371:. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 86–90.
1629:
1585:
1509:
According to a survey conducted by the Russian Empire in 1823, the
1442:
1168:
1035:
739:
576:
406:
2768:
2732:
1411:, and a heavier one, which almost weighted the same as that of 10
3386:
Davud, Seyyed Ali Al-i (2021). Madelung, W.; Daftary, F. (eds.).
2176:
2174:
1765:
1157:
1073:
1027:
904:
797:
410:
329:
53:
1115:
2722:
2720:
1627:
Qajar Iran contains instances that are similar to those of the
1412:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1310:
1275:
1239:
1065:
1061:
1053:
997:
935:
896:
822:
785:
and the rest of the Javanshir tribe were forced to resettle in
665:
511:
418:
112:
89:
3060:
2558:
2171:
723:
tribes, but instead a lower-ranking group referred to as the "
3637:
The Monetary History of Iran: From the Safavids to the Qajars
3292:
Armenia and Imperial Decline: The Yerevan Province, 1900–1914
2888:
2886:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2856:
2854:
2812:
2810:
2785:
2783:
2536:
2534:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2031:
2029:
2027:
1881:
1719:
1714:
1642:
1436:
778:
674:
608:
484:
288:
2756:
2717:
2393:
2123:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
872:
of Varanda, while he imposed his authority on the remaining
630:(1501–1736), which further reduced the Armenian population.
3014:
3012:
2997:
2495:
2357:
2111:
1976:
1966:
1964:
1925:
1252:
1031:
1011:
441:
3072:
3048:
2922:
2910:
2898:
2883:
2866:
2851:
2807:
2780:
2744:
2645:
2635:
2633:
2606:
2570:
2531:
2300:
2276:
2264:
2247:
2198:
2024:
1756:
In Persian, the khanates were historically referred to as
1645:
of Fath-Ali Shah. A lot of crown land was also given out;
813:
587:. The area was originally considered the southern part of
495:
In 1762, Panah Ali Khan acknowledged the authority of the
3821:
Persia in Crisis: Safavid Decline and the Fall of Isfahan
3466:
Ethnicity and Ethnic Conflict in the Post-Communist World
3024:
2519:
2507:
2417:
2405:
2369:
2288:
2159:
2135:
2087:
2068:
2056:
1831:
The term "Tatars", employed by the Russians, referred to
3009:
2985:
2483:
2461:
2459:
2444:
2434:
2432:
2046:
2044:
1961:
1949:
1937:
3635:
Matthee, Rudi; Floor, Willem; Clawson, Patrick (2013).
3597:; Hambly, Gavin R. G.; Melville, Charles Peter (eds.).
3568:; Hambly, Gavin R. G.; Melville, Charles Peter (eds.).
3517:; Hambly, Gavin R. G.; Melville, Charles Peter (eds.).
3488:; Hambly, Gavin R. G.; Melville, Charles Peter (eds.).
2963:
2961:
2630:
1988:
1482:
be-nām muhrum ṣāḥib az-zamānī, mukram sikke ṣāḥibqirānī
704:
distinguished himself. He was the leader of the Turkic
2973:
2657:
2345:
1915:
1913:
1415:
of the Russian empress Catherine II. According to the
1392:
was modeled after a silver coin variant minted by the
1099:
demolished to stop the Iranian army from crossing the
405:
suzerainty, which controlled the historical region of
2946:
2934:
2618:
2594:
2471:
2456:
2429:
2381:
2335:
2099:
2041:
1683:. All of them, with one exception, wrote in Persian.
388:
368:
3547:"The Meliks of Eastern Armenia: A Preliminary Study"
3208:. Vol. 1. St. Martin's Press. pp. 81–107.
3036:
2958:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2315:
2000:
1884:, and other tribes from Caucasus made up the nomads.
1484:("in the name of the stamp of Sahib al-Zamani, this
1302:
to abolish the khanates, which occurred afterwards.
553:
to abolish the khanates, which occurred afterwards.
223:
Iran officially cedes Karabakh to the Russian Empire
3634:
2774:
2738:
2711:
2012:
1910:
3720:
3387:
3097:
1286:The Russo-Iranian War of 1804–1813 ended with the
891:Together, Panah Ali Khan and Shahnazar II had the
845:), who officially appointed him khan of Karabakh.
3163:The Khanate of Erevan Under Qajar Rule: 1795–1828
2312:
1665:
1026:caused the Russian troops to abandon the city of
647:. The Iranian-ruled part of Armenia was known as
3980:
3369:Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume XI/1: Giōni–Golšani
3206:The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times
2591:, pp. 4, 29, 104 (see note 15, 4, and 318).
1699:
1072:60,000 soldiers, which was primarily made up of
1103:. The bridge served as the main route from the
800:, where he concealed himself from Nader Shah.
3999:States and territories disestablished in 1822
3894:
3672:
3656:Karim Khan Zand: A History of Iran, 1747–1779
3439:. Oxford University Press. pp. 151–162.
3095:
3003:
2816:
2789:
2762:
2750:
2726:
2258:
1485:
1475:
1469:
1460:
1452:
1446:
1424:
1406:
1400:
1387:
1380:
1370:
1361:Copper coin, minted at Shusha in 1783 or 1784
1116:Dispute over Karabakh between Iran and Russia
777:, which was identical to the Ottoman rank of
3908:
3342:Armenia and Azerbaijan: Anatomy of a Rivalry
3260:
3241:
3078:
2501:
2399:
2363:
2117:
1904:
1859:era", the Tatar group identified itself as "
1434:
1060:region before making his way to the city of
998:First conflict with Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar
3795:
3786:
3316:
3289:
3222:
3199:
3180:
3156:
3066:
3054:
3018:
2991:
2928:
2916:
2904:
2892:
2877:
2860:
2845:
2828:
2801:
2699:
2687:
2675:
2651:
2612:
2588:
2576:
2564:
2552:
2540:
2525:
2513:
2306:
2294:
2241:
2229:
2217:
2192:
2180:
2165:
2153:
2141:
2129:
2093:
2081:
2062:
2035:
1982:
1970:
1955:
1943:
1931:
1851:. After 1918 with the establishment of the
848:Shortly afterwards, Panah Ali Khan had the
110:(administration, judiciary, and literature)
4004:States and territories established in 1748
3901:
3887:
3758:(5). Cambridge University Press: 769–783.
3563:
3294:. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
3096:Akopyan, Alexander; Petrov, Pavel (2016).
2423:
38:
2244:, p. 71 (see also note 171 and 172).
1704:The khanates, which were marginalized in
1273:In June 1812, Mehdi Qoli Khan received a
1193:in 1804. Thus, Ibrahim Khalil Khan's son
1124:Political map of the eastern part of the
946:
18:Khanate under Iranian and Russian control
3718:
1919:
1356:
1232:
1119:
1001:
922:). In the spring or summer of 1761, the
812:
560:
3814:
3621:
3592:
3132:
2979:
2663:
2600:
2489:
2465:
2450:
2438:
2018:
655:, whilst the Ottoman part was known as
234:• Abolished by the Russian Empire
3981:
3749:
3696:
3541:
3512:
3483:
3462:
3358:
3339:
3110:
3042:
3030:
2952:
2940:
2639:
2624:
2477:
2411:
2387:
2375:
2282:
2270:
2105:
2050:
1379:in silver at Shusha under the name of
986:) to agree to a bilateral treaty (the
941:
3882:
3653:
3453:
3434:
3420:. Washington, D.C.: Mage Publishers.
3412:
3396:. Translated by Khaleeli, Alexander.
3385:
2967:
2351:
2339:
2006:
1994:
3838:
3269:(1). Taylor & Francis: 107–124.
1316:
579:is a historic region located in the
69:Under Russian suzerainty (1813–1822)
1795:the siege of their capital, Isfahan
1633:(land grants) made to women in the
1386:death of Shahnazar II in 1792. The
1365:Following the establishment of the
358:
13:
3780:
1228:
428:It was governed by members of the
14:
4015:
3798:The Chronicle of Abraham of Crete
3406:10.1163/1875-9831_isla_SIM_062044
2775:Matthee, Floor & Clawson 2013
2739:Matthee, Floor & Clawson 2013
2712:Matthee, Floor & Clawson 2013
2702:, p. 51 (see also note 101).
2690:, p. 51 (see also note 103).
2555:, p. 83 (see also note 116).
2195:, p. 63 (see also note 141).
2156:, p. 68 (see also note 161).
1660:
1579:
1480:is engraved with a Persian poem;
808:
409:, now divided between modern-day
3729:; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John;
1501:
1339:(square), which was next to the
975:, convinced the Russian empress
796:, Panah Ali Khan escaped to the
754:, marking the foundation of the
565:The administrative divisions of
306:
281:
267:
3658:. University of Chicago Press.
1874:
1825:
1800:
1787:
1496:
1260:
1177:
1151:
1040:
981:
917:
840:
669:(princes), who had established
532:
505:
461:
450:
3737:(3rd ed.). Brill Online.
3704:. Cambridge University Press.
3682:. Cambridge University Press.
3458:. Routledge. pp. 203–224.
3389:"Ibrāhīm Khalīl Khān Jawānshī"
3344:. Edinburgh University Press.
1869:Iranian province of Azarbaijan
1853:Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
1750:
1666:In contemporary historiography
1468:Another coin type, called the
1307:Russo-Iranian War of 1826–1828
1024:Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792
611:'s conquests and invasions of
1:
3764:10.1080/00210862.2015.1058642
3394:Encyclopaedia Islamica Online
3275:10.1080/00210862.2016.1159779
3242:Bournoutian, George (2016a).
1891:
1855:, and "especially during the
1700:In Azerbaijani historiography
1459:as well as from the rial and
790:
713:
620:
556:
3796:Bournoutian, George (1999).
3787:Bournoutian, George (1980).
3552:Revue des Études Arméniennes
3317:Bournoutian, George (2021).
3290:Bournoutian, George (2018).
3223:Bournoutian, George (2011).
3181:Bournoutian, George (1994).
3166:. University of California.
2804:, p. 72 (see note 175).
2232:, p. 54 (see note 109).
1343:, the principal mosque, and
591:and was mostly inhabited by
7:
3719:Tsibenko, Veronika (2018).
2848:, p. 35 (see note 25).
2831:, p. 33 (see note 26).
1863:". Prior to 1918 the word "
1247:had sent to Mehdi Qoli Khan
389:
369:
44:Map of the Karabakh Khanate
10:
4020:
3605:Cambridge University Press
3576:Cambridge University Press
3525:Cambridge University Press
3496:Cambridge University Press
3088:
2678:, p. 4 (see note 16).
1708:as remnants of an archaic
1563:
1369:currency in 1790, the ten-
1352:
1300:Aleksey Petrovich Yermolov
803:
551:Aleksey Petrovich Yermolov
63:Disputed between Iran and
3916:
3857:10.1080/00210867808701542
3359:Daniel, Elton L. (2001).
3340:Broers, Laurence (2019).
3118:. Yale University Press.
2817:Akopyan & Petrov 2016
2790:Akopyan & Petrov 2016
2763:Akopyan & Petrov 2016
2751:Akopyan & Petrov 2016
2727:Akopyan & Petrov 2016
2259:Akopyan & Petrov 2016
1907:, p. 2 (see note 7).
1772:form of the Russian word
1647:Abu'l-Fath Khan Javanshir
1543:
1223:Mehdi Qoli Khan Javanshir
1195:Abu'l-Fath Khan Javanshir
952:forging an alliance with
901:Mohammad Hasan Khan Qajar
378:
322:
246:
242:
232:
219:
209:
205:
197:
193:
185:Mehdi Qoli Khan Javanshir
178:
163:
148:
144:
134:
103:
73:
49:
37:
32:
25:
3910:Khanates of the Caucasus
1743:
1296:Mirza Bozorg Qa'em-Maqam
1008:Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar
966:Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar
761:Nader Shah rewarded the
524:Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar
302:Elisabethpol Governorate
3654:Perry, John R. (1979).
3246:. Gibb Memorial Trust.
3202:Hovannisian, Richard G.
746:, who led the Armenian
3735:Encyclopaedia of Islam
3674:Swietochowski, Tadeusz
3622:Matthee, Rudi (2008).
3116:Iran: A Modern History
1675:main subject of a few
1486:
1476:
1470:
1465:later weight systems.
1461:
1453:
1447:
1435:
1425:
1407:
1401:
1388:
1381:
1371:
1362:
1248:
1129:
1019:
947:Consolidation of power
826:
573:
514:and appointed his son
390:Karabakhskoye khanstvo
61:suzerainty (1748–1813)
3872:registration required
3628:Encyclopaedia Iranica
1706:Soviet historiography
1694:Mirza Jamal Javanshir
1653:tribe in Azerbaijan.
1490:minted with honor").
1360:
1236:
1128:between 1795 and 1801
1123:
1005:
878:Mirza Jamal Javanshir
816:
729:Rowzat-al-Safa Naseri
696:family of the Turkic
677:, Gulistan, Jraberd,
564:
104:Common languages
3849:Taylor & Francis
3800:. Mazda Publishers.
3607:. pp. 459–505.
3578:. pp. 314–350.
3527:. pp. 144–173.
3498:. pp. 104–143.
3227:. Mazda Publishers.
3185:. Mazda Publishers.
2714:, pp. 167, 226.
2285:, pp. 112, 114.
2273:, pp. 114, 116.
1243:(royal decree) that
1189:against the Russian
988:Treaty of Georgievsk
928:Fath-Ali Khan Afshar
727:". According to the
639:(governor-general),
3994:History of Karabakh
3946:Nakhichevan Khanate
3722:"Karabakh, Nagorno"
3463:Fowkes, B. (2002).
3158:Bournoutian, George
3069:, pp. 443–444.
3033:, pp. 116–117.
2567:, pp. 135–136.
2414:, pp. 145–146.
2378:, pp. 325–326.
2183:, pp. 261–262.
1997:, pp. 258–259.
1849:Perso-Arabic script
1330:and maintain them.
1245:Fath-Ali Shah Qajar
1207:Treaty of Kurekchay
1173:Fath-Ali Shah Qajar
1086:Mohammad Khan Qajar
1047:Soleyman Khan Qajar
942:Ibrahim Khalil Khan
783:Ibrahim Khalil Khan
710:Iskandar Beg Munshi
539:Treaty of Kurekchay
528:Fath-Ali Shah Qajar
516:Ibrahim Khalil Khan
379:Карабахское ханство
359:خانات قرهباغ
211:• Established
170:Ibrahim Khalil Khan
115:(religious studies)
3725:. In Fleet, Kate;
3555:. Nouvelle série.
3004:Swietochowski 2004
1867:" referred to the
1808:George Bournoutian
1727:, or as Persians.
1363:
1327:George Bournoutian
1288:Treaty of Gulistan
1249:
1130:
1020:
893:Panahabad fortress
856:, the khan of the
827:
819:Panahabad fortress
595:. However, due to
581:Armenian highlands
574:
547:Treaty of Gulistan
3974:
3973:
3831:978-0-85773-181-4
3711:978-0-521-58336-7
3689:978-0-521-52245-8
3665:978-0-226-66098-1
3646:978-0-85772-172-3
3624:"Safavid dynasty"
3543:Hewsen, Robert H.
3476:978-0-333-79256-8
3456:The Safavid World
3446:978-0-19-025033-1
3427:978-1-933823-23-2
3378:978-0-933273-60-3
3361:"Golestān Treaty"
3351:978-1-4744-5052-2
3332:978-90-04-44515-4
3301:978-1-351-06260-2
3253:978-1-909724-80-8
3234:978-1-56859-173-5
3192:978-1-56859-011-0
3173:978-0-939214-18-1
3149:978-0-7556-3737-9
3125:978-0-300-11254-2
3079:Bournoutian 2016a
2642:, pp. 86–90.
2502:Bournoutian 2016b
2492:, pp. 20–21.
2453:, pp. 19–20.
2400:Bournoutian 2016a
2364:Bournoutian 2016b
2354:, pp. 81–82.
2132:, pp. 90–91.
2118:Bournoutian 2016b
1985:, pp. 81–82.
1934:, pp. 15–16.
1905:Bournoutian 2016b
1689:Tarikh-e Qarabagh
1317:Building activity
1126:Southern Caucasus
1097:Khudafarin bridge
938:, where he died.
854:Haji Chalabi Khan
817:The ruins of the
387:
370:Khānāt-e Qarabāgh
367:
343:
342:
318:
317:
314:
313:
294:
293:
189:
180:• 1806–1822
174:
165:• 1762–1806
159:
150:• 1748–1762
96:
86:
4011:
3989:Karabakh Khanate
3941:Karabakh Khanate
3903:
3896:
3889:
3880:
3879:
3875:
3868:
3835:
3811:
3792:
3775:
3746:
3724:
3715:
3693:
3669:
3650:
3631:
3618:
3589:
3560:
3538:
3509:
3480:
3459:
3450:
3431:
3409:
3391:
3382:
3365:Yarshater, Ehsan
3355:
3336:
3313:
3286:
3257:
3238:
3219:
3196:
3177:
3153:
3129:
3107:
3101:
3082:
3076:
3070:
3067:Bournoutian 2011
3064:
3058:
3055:Bournoutian 2011
3052:
3046:
3040:
3034:
3028:
3022:
3019:Bournoutian 1994
3016:
3007:
3001:
2995:
2992:Bournoutian 1994
2989:
2983:
2977:
2971:
2965:
2956:
2950:
2944:
2938:
2932:
2929:Bournoutian 2011
2926:
2920:
2917:Bournoutian 2011
2914:
2908:
2905:Bournoutian 2011
2902:
2896:
2893:Bournoutian 2011
2890:
2881:
2878:Bournoutian 2011
2875:
2864:
2861:Bournoutian 2018
2858:
2849:
2846:Bournoutian 2018
2843:
2832:
2829:Bournoutian 1994
2826:
2820:
2814:
2805:
2802:Bournoutian 1994
2799:
2793:
2787:
2778:
2772:
2766:
2760:
2754:
2748:
2742:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2715:
2709:
2703:
2700:Bournoutian 1994
2697:
2691:
2688:Bournoutian 1994
2685:
2679:
2676:Bournoutian 1994
2673:
2667:
2661:
2655:
2652:Bournoutian 2021
2649:
2643:
2637:
2628:
2622:
2616:
2613:Bournoutian 2021
2610:
2604:
2598:
2592:
2589:Bournoutian 1994
2586:
2580:
2577:Bournoutian 2021
2574:
2568:
2565:Bournoutian 2021
2562:
2556:
2553:Bournoutian 2021
2550:
2544:
2541:Bournoutian 2021
2538:
2529:
2526:Bournoutian 2021
2523:
2517:
2514:Bournoutian 2021
2511:
2505:
2499:
2493:
2487:
2481:
2475:
2469:
2463:
2454:
2448:
2442:
2436:
2427:
2421:
2415:
2409:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2385:
2379:
2373:
2367:
2361:
2355:
2349:
2343:
2337:
2310:
2307:Bournoutian 2021
2304:
2298:
2295:Bournoutian 2021
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2268:
2262:
2256:
2245:
2242:Bournoutian 1994
2239:
2233:
2230:Bournoutian 1994
2227:
2221:
2218:Bournoutian 2021
2215:
2196:
2193:Bournoutian 1994
2190:
2184:
2181:Bournoutian 2021
2178:
2169:
2166:Bournoutian 1994
2163:
2157:
2154:Bournoutian 1994
2151:
2145:
2142:Bournoutian 1997
2139:
2133:
2130:Bournoutian 1997
2127:
2121:
2115:
2109:
2103:
2097:
2094:Bournoutian 1976
2091:
2085:
2082:Bournoutian 1997
2079:
2066:
2063:Bournoutian 1997
2060:
2054:
2048:
2039:
2036:Bournoutian 2021
2033:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2004:
1998:
1992:
1986:
1983:Bournoutian 1997
1980:
1974:
1971:Bournoutian 1994
1968:
1959:
1956:Bournoutian 1994
1953:
1947:
1944:Bournoutian 1997
1941:
1935:
1932:Bournoutian 1994
1929:
1923:
1917:
1908:
1902:
1885:
1878:
1872:
1829:
1823:
1804:
1798:
1791:
1785:
1754:
1526:Nagorno-Karabakh
1489:
1479:
1473:
1464:
1458:
1450:
1440:
1428:
1410:
1404:
1391:
1384:
1374:
1323:Iranian American
1264:
1263: 1801–1825
1262:
1203:Pavel Tsitsianov
1199:Multiple clashes
1181:
1180: 1797–1834
1179:
1155:
1154: 1796–1801
1153:
1078:Mir-Mostafa Khan
1044:
1043: 1501–1524
1042:
985:
984: 1762–1796
983:
973:Grigory Potemkin
921:
920: 1751–1779
919:
844:
843: 1747–1748
842:
795:
792:
756:Afsharid dynasty
718:
715:
692:was held by the
625:
622:
536:
535: 1797–1834
534:
509:
508: 1751–1779
507:
465:
464: 1747–1748
463:
454:
453: 1736–1747
452:
392:
382:
380:
372:
362:
360:
347:Karabakh Khanate
310:
309:
298:
297:
285:
284:
275:Safavid Karabakh
271:
270:
264:
263:
248:
247:
188:(third and last)
187:
172:
157:
94:
92:(later "Shusha")
84:
42:
27:Karabakh Khanate
23:
22:
4019:
4018:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4008:
3979:
3978:
3975:
3970:
3961:Shirvan Khanate
3926:Derbent Khanate
3912:
3907:
3869:
3841:Iranian Studies
3832:
3808:
3783:
3781:Further reading
3778:
3752:Iranian Studies
3731:Rowson, Everett
3712:
3698:Tapper, Richard
3690:
3666:
3647:
3615:
3586:
3535:
3506:
3477:
3447:
3428:
3379:
3352:
3333:
3302:
3263:Iranian Studies
3254:
3235:
3216:
3193:
3174:
3150:
3142:. I.B. Tauris.
3134:Behrooz, Maziar
3126:
3104:State Hermitage
3091:
3086:
3085:
3077:
3073:
3065:
3061:
3053:
3049:
3041:
3037:
3029:
3025:
3017:
3010:
3002:
2998:
2990:
2986:
2978:
2974:
2966:
2959:
2951:
2947:
2939:
2935:
2927:
2923:
2915:
2911:
2903:
2899:
2891:
2884:
2876:
2867:
2859:
2852:
2844:
2835:
2827:
2823:
2815:
2808:
2800:
2796:
2788:
2781:
2773:
2769:
2765:, pp. 1–2.
2761:
2757:
2749:
2745:
2737:
2733:
2729:, pp. 6–7.
2725:
2718:
2710:
2706:
2698:
2694:
2686:
2682:
2674:
2670:
2662:
2658:
2650:
2646:
2638:
2631:
2623:
2619:
2611:
2607:
2599:
2595:
2587:
2583:
2575:
2571:
2563:
2559:
2551:
2547:
2539:
2532:
2524:
2520:
2512:
2508:
2500:
2496:
2488:
2484:
2476:
2472:
2464:
2457:
2449:
2445:
2437:
2430:
2424:Kazemzadeh 1991
2422:
2418:
2410:
2406:
2402:, p. xvii.
2398:
2394:
2386:
2382:
2374:
2370:
2362:
2358:
2350:
2346:
2338:
2313:
2305:
2301:
2293:
2289:
2281:
2277:
2269:
2265:
2257:
2248:
2240:
2236:
2228:
2224:
2216:
2199:
2191:
2187:
2179:
2172:
2164:
2160:
2152:
2148:
2140:
2136:
2128:
2124:
2116:
2112:
2104:
2100:
2092:
2088:
2080:
2069:
2061:
2057:
2049:
2042:
2034:
2025:
2017:
2013:
2005:
2001:
1993:
1989:
1981:
1977:
1969:
1962:
1954:
1950:
1942:
1938:
1930:
1926:
1918:
1911:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1888:
1879:
1875:
1833:Turkic-speaking
1830:
1826:
1805:
1801:
1792:
1788:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1702:
1672:history of Iran
1668:
1663:
1582:
1566:
1546:
1507:
1499:
1355:
1319:
1259:
1231:
1229:Mehdi Qoli Khan
1176:
1150:
1118:
1039:
1000:
980:
958:Eastern Georgia
949:
944:
916:
913:Karim Khan Zand
895:constructed in
839:
811:
806:
793:
716:
706:Javanshir tribe
661:Western Armenia
657:Ottoman Armenia
653:Eastern Armenia
649:Iranian Armenia
623:
559:
531:
504:
501:Karim Khan Zand
460:
449:
339:
307:
282:
268:
235:
225:
212:
181:
166:
151:
126:
121:
116:
111:
99:
93:
83:
68:
62:
56:
45:
28:
19:
12:
11:
5:
4017:
4007:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3968:
3966:Talysh Khanate
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3931:Erivan Khanate
3928:
3923:
3917:
3914:
3913:
3906:
3905:
3898:
3891:
3883:
3877:
3876:
3836:
3830:
3824:. I.B.Tauris.
3812:
3806:
3793:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3776:
3747:
3727:Krämer, Gudrun
3716:
3710:
3694:
3688:
3670:
3664:
3651:
3645:
3639:. I.B.Tauris.
3632:
3619:
3613:
3590:
3584:
3561:
3539:
3533:
3510:
3504:
3481:
3475:
3460:
3451:
3445:
3432:
3426:
3410:
3383:
3377:
3356:
3350:
3337:
3331:
3314:
3300:
3287:
3258:
3252:
3239:
3233:
3220:
3214:
3197:
3191:
3178:
3172:
3154:
3148:
3130:
3124:
3108:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3071:
3059:
3057:, p. 427.
3047:
3035:
3023:
3008:
2996:
2984:
2982:, p. 491.
2972:
2970:, p. 159.
2957:
2955:, p. 116.
2945:
2943:, p. 770.
2933:
2931:, p. 440.
2921:
2919:, p. 435.
2909:
2907:, p. 439.
2897:
2895:, p. 436.
2882:
2880:, p. 437.
2865:
2863:, p. xiv.
2850:
2833:
2821:
2806:
2794:
2779:
2777:, p. 170.
2767:
2755:
2743:
2741:, p. 226.
2731:
2716:
2704:
2692:
2680:
2668:
2666:, p. 119.
2656:
2654:, p. 285.
2644:
2629:
2627:, p. 195.
2617:
2615:, p. 209.
2605:
2593:
2581:
2579:, p. 136.
2569:
2557:
2545:
2543:, p. 263.
2530:
2518:
2506:
2504:, p. 109.
2494:
2482:
2480:, p. 127.
2470:
2455:
2443:
2428:
2426:, p. 328.
2416:
2404:
2392:
2390:, p. 326.
2380:
2368:
2366:, p. 108.
2356:
2344:
2311:
2309:, p. 234.
2299:
2287:
2275:
2263:
2246:
2234:
2222:
2220:, p. 262.
2197:
2185:
2170:
2158:
2146:
2134:
2122:
2120:, p. 107.
2110:
2108:, p. 114.
2098:
2086:
2067:
2055:
2053:, p. 325.
2040:
2038:, p. 261.
2023:
2011:
2009:, p. 221.
1999:
1987:
1975:
1960:
1948:
1936:
1924:
1909:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1873:
1845:South Caucasus
1824:
1799:
1786:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1701:
1698:
1670:The political
1667:
1664:
1662:
1661:Historiography
1659:
1581:
1580:Administration
1578:
1565:
1562:
1545:
1542:
1506:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1354:
1351:
1318:
1315:
1230:
1227:
1191:siege of Ganja
1117:
1114:
1006:A portrait of
999:
996:
962:Kartli-Kakheti
956:, the king of
948:
945:
943:
940:
810:
809:Panah Ali Khan
807:
805:
802:
702:Panah Ali Khan
671:five melikdoms
617:Ottoman Empire
585:South Caucasus
571:South Caucasus
558:
555:
438:Panah Ali Khan
349:(also spelled
341:
340:
338:
337:
332:
326:
324:
320:
319:
316:
315:
312:
311:
304:
295:
292:
291:
286:
278:
277:
272:
260:
259:
254:
244:
243:
240:
239:
236:
233:
230:
229:
226:
220:
217:
216:
213:
210:
207:
206:
203:
202:
199:
195:
194:
191:
190:
182:
179:
176:
175:
167:
164:
161:
160:
155:Panah Ali Khan
152:
149:
146:
145:
142:
141:
138:
132:
131:
105:
101:
100:
98:
97:
95:(c. 1752–1822)
87:
85:(1748—c. 1752)
77:
75:
71:
70:
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
30:
29:
26:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4016:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3977:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3956:Shaki Khanate
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3936:Ganja Khanate
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3918:
3915:
3911:
3904:
3899:
3897:
3892:
3890:
3885:
3884:
3881:
3873:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3846:
3842:
3837:
3833:
3827:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3816:Matthee, Rudi
3813:
3809:
3807:1-56859-082-2
3803:
3799:
3794:
3790:
3785:
3784:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3723:
3717:
3713:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3691:
3685:
3681:
3680:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3661:
3657:
3652:
3648:
3642:
3638:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3620:
3616:
3614:0-521-20095-4
3610:
3606:
3603:. Cambridge:
3602:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3587:
3585:0-521-20095-4
3581:
3577:
3574:. Cambridge:
3573:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3553:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3534:0-521-20095-4
3530:
3526:
3523:. Cambridge:
3522:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3507:
3505:0-521-20095-4
3501:
3497:
3494:. Cambridge:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3478:
3472:
3468:
3467:
3461:
3457:
3452:
3448:
3442:
3438:
3433:
3429:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3414:Floor, Willem
3411:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3395:
3390:
3384:
3380:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3357:
3353:
3347:
3343:
3338:
3334:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3315:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3293:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3259:
3255:
3249:
3245:
3240:
3236:
3230:
3226:
3221:
3217:
3215:0-312-10169-4
3211:
3207:
3203:
3198:
3194:
3188:
3184:
3179:
3175:
3169:
3165:
3164:
3159:
3155:
3151:
3145:
3141:
3140:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3112:Amanat, Abbas
3109:
3105:
3100:
3094:
3093:
3081:, p. xv.
3080:
3075:
3068:
3063:
3056:
3051:
3045:, p. 14.
3044:
3039:
3032:
3027:
3020:
3015:
3013:
3006:, p. 12.
3005:
3000:
2993:
2988:
2981:
2976:
2969:
2964:
2962:
2954:
2949:
2942:
2937:
2930:
2925:
2918:
2913:
2906:
2901:
2894:
2889:
2887:
2879:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2862:
2857:
2855:
2847:
2842:
2840:
2838:
2830:
2825:
2818:
2813:
2811:
2803:
2798:
2791:
2786:
2784:
2776:
2771:
2764:
2759:
2752:
2747:
2740:
2735:
2728:
2723:
2721:
2713:
2708:
2701:
2696:
2689:
2684:
2677:
2672:
2665:
2660:
2653:
2648:
2641:
2636:
2634:
2626:
2621:
2614:
2609:
2603:, p. 85.
2602:
2597:
2590:
2585:
2578:
2573:
2566:
2561:
2554:
2549:
2542:
2537:
2535:
2528:, p. 19.
2527:
2522:
2516:, p. 18.
2515:
2510:
2503:
2498:
2491:
2486:
2479:
2474:
2468:, p. 20.
2467:
2462:
2460:
2452:
2447:
2441:, p. 19.
2440:
2435:
2433:
2425:
2420:
2413:
2408:
2401:
2396:
2389:
2384:
2377:
2372:
2365:
2360:
2353:
2348:
2341:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2308:
2303:
2297:, p. 10.
2296:
2291:
2284:
2279:
2272:
2267:
2260:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2243:
2238:
2231:
2226:
2219:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2194:
2189:
2182:
2177:
2175:
2168:, p. 51.
2167:
2162:
2155:
2150:
2144:, p. 91.
2143:
2138:
2131:
2126:
2119:
2114:
2107:
2102:
2096:, p. 23.
2095:
2090:
2084:, p. 89.
2083:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2065:, p. 88.
2064:
2059:
2052:
2047:
2045:
2037:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2020:
2015:
2008:
2003:
1996:
1991:
1984:
1979:
1973:, p. 17.
1972:
1967:
1965:
1958:, p. 16.
1957:
1952:
1946:, p. 82.
1945:
1940:
1933:
1928:
1921:
1920:Tsibenko 2018
1916:
1914:
1906:
1901:
1897:
1883:
1877:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1806:According to
1803:
1796:
1790:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1753:
1749:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1733:anti-Armenian
1728:
1726:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1707:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1658:
1654:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1603:eshiq-aghasis
1600:
1596:
1592:
1587:
1577:
1576:of firewood.
1575:
1571:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1514:
1512:
1505:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1438:
1432:
1427:
1421:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1403:
1399:Two types of
1397:
1395:
1394:Ganja Khanate
1390:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1359:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1282:
1278:
1277:
1271:
1268:
1267:Ivan Gudovich
1257:
1254:
1246:
1242:
1241:
1235:
1226:
1224:
1218:
1215:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1159:
1148:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1127:
1122:
1113:
1109:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1004:
995:
991:
989:
978:
974:
969:
967:
963:
959:
955:
939:
937:
931:
929:
925:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
889:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
858:Shaki Khanate
855:
851:
846:
837:
832:
824:
820:
815:
801:
799:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
759:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
736:
734:
730:
726:
722:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
686:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
667:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
637:
631:
629:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
572:
568:
563:
554:
552:
548:
542:
540:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
502:
498:
493:
491:
487:
486:
481:
477:
473:
469:
458:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
426:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
391:
385:
376:
371:
365:
356:
352:
348:
336:
333:
331:
328:
327:
325:
323:Today part of
321:
305:
303:
300:
299:
296:
290:
287:
280:
279:
276:
273:
266:
265:
262:
261:
258:
255:
253:
250:
249:
245:
241:
237:
231:
227:
224:
218:
214:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
186:
183:
177:
171:
168:
162:
156:
153:
147:
143:
139:
137:
133:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
106:
102:
91:
88:
82:
79:
78:
76:
72:
66:
60:
55:
52:
48:
41:
36:
31:
24:
21:
16:
3976:
3951:Quba Khanate
3940:
3921:Baku Khanate
3844:
3840:
3820:
3797:
3788:
3755:
3751:
3734:
3701:
3678:
3655:
3636:
3627:
3599:
3595:Avery, Peter
3570:
3566:Avery, Peter
3556:
3550:
3519:
3515:Avery, Peter
3490:
3486:Avery, Peter
3469:. Springer.
3465:
3455:
3436:
3417:
3393:
3368:
3341:
3318:
3291:
3266:
3262:
3243:
3224:
3205:
3182:
3162:
3138:
3115:
3103:
3074:
3062:
3050:
3038:
3026:
3021:, p. x.
2999:
2994:, p. 1.
2987:
2980:Lambton 1991
2975:
2948:
2936:
2924:
2912:
2900:
2824:
2819:, p. 9.
2797:
2792:, p. 8.
2770:
2758:
2753:, p. 6.
2746:
2734:
2707:
2695:
2683:
2671:
2664:Behrooz 2023
2659:
2647:
2620:
2608:
2601:Behrooz 2023
2596:
2584:
2572:
2560:
2548:
2521:
2509:
2497:
2490:Behrooz 2023
2485:
2473:
2466:Behrooz 2023
2451:Behrooz 2023
2446:
2439:Behrooz 2023
2419:
2407:
2395:
2383:
2371:
2359:
2347:
2302:
2290:
2278:
2266:
2261:, p. 7.
2237:
2225:
2188:
2161:
2149:
2137:
2125:
2113:
2101:
2089:
2058:
2019:Matthee 2008
2014:
2002:
1990:
1978:
1951:
1939:
1927:
1900:
1876:
1827:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1810:: "The term
1802:
1789:
1781:
1773:
1764:. The word "
1761:
1757:
1752:
1738:
1729:
1725:Central Asia
1718:
1703:
1687:
1685:
1681:Azerbaijanis
1669:
1655:
1628:
1626:
1622:Willem Floor
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1583:
1573:
1569:
1567:
1559:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1521:
1520:In the five
1519:
1515:
1510:
1508:
1503:
1497:Demographics
1492:
1481:
1467:
1422:
1417:numismatists
1398:
1367:Iranian rial
1364:
1344:
1334:
1332:
1320:
1304:
1285:
1280:
1274:
1272:
1250:
1238:
1237:Page of the
1219:
1211:
1184:
1162:
1143:
1131:
1110:
1094:
1070:
1051:
1021:
1018:. Dated 1795
992:
977:Catherine II
970:
954:Heraclius II
950:
932:
890:
885:
881:
873:
869:
866:Shahnazar II
862:Shah-Bulaghi
850:Bayat Castle
847:
828:
770:
762:
760:
747:
737:
732:
728:
725:gholam amirs
724:
687:
664:
634:
632:
628:Safavid Iran
604:
575:
567:Safavid Iran
543:
520:Heraclius II
494:
488:(prince) of
483:
480:Shahnazar II
472:Shah-Bulaghi
427:
350:
346:
344:
257:Succeeded by
256:
251:
20:
15:
3851:: 117–143.
3043:Fowkes 2002
3031:Broers 2019
2953:Broers 2019
2941:Yilmaz 2015
2640:Daniel 2001
2625:Amanat 2017
2478:Hambly 1991
2412:Hambly 1991
2388:Hewsen 1972
2376:Hewsen 1972
2283:Tapper 1997
2271:Tapper 1997
2106:Tapper 1997
2051:Hewsen 1972
1861:Azerbaijani
1619:Iranologist
1487:sahibqirani
1477:sahibqirani
1471:sahibqirani
1256:Alexander I
1214:Abbas Mirza
1165:Umma Khan V
794: 1744
717: 1632
626:–1922) and
624: 1299
252:Preceded by
67:(1805–1813)
3983:Categories
3559:: 285–329.
3310:1037283914
2968:Floor 2018
2352:Perry 1979
2340:Davud 2021
2007:Floor 2021
1995:Floor 2008
1892:References
1865:Azerbaijan
1782:khanut'iun
1770:Anglicized
1677:chronicles
1607:keshikchis
1448:panahabadi
1426:panahabadi
1402:panahabadi
1389:panahabadi
1382:panahabadi
1325:historian
1270:presence.
1187:Javad Khan
1105:Azerbaijan
1101:Aras River
1058:Mazandaran
926:chieftain
771:beglarbegi
752:Nader Shah
694:Ziyadoghlu
636:beglarbegi
557:Background
446:Nader Shah
415:Azerbaijan
401:and later
335:Azerbaijan
3772:142718875
3743:1873-9830
3283:163302882
1843:) of the
1835:Muslims (
1651:Shahsevan
1639:Ilkhanate
1595:yuzbashis
1591:minbashis
1555:tiyuldars
1553:, or the
1349:(baths).
1169:Daghestan
836:Adel Shah
831:Georgians
744:Davit Bek
721:Qizilbash
593:Armenians
476:Panahabad
457:Adel Shah
430:Javanshir
425:dialect.
384:romanized
364:romanized
130:(locally)
125:(locally)
120:(locally)
90:Panahabad
33:1748–1822
3818:(2011).
3733:(eds.).
3700:(1997).
3676:(2004).
3545:(1972).
3416:(2008).
3160:(1976).
3136:(2023).
3114:(2017).
1778:Armenian
1776:and the
1774:khanstvo
1768:" is an
1611:yasavols
1586:Lorestan
1574:kharvars
1570:kharvars
1551:mulkdars
1292:Gulistan
1139:Armenian
1036:Ismail I
787:Khorasan
767:khanates
740:Zangezur
641:Karabakh
605:Karabakh
577:Karabakh
407:Karabakh
393:) was a
351:Qarabagh
173:(second)
123:Armenian
3865:4310299
3847:(1/4).
3367:(ed.).
3204:(ed.).
3089:Sources
1880:Turks,
1816:mahalle
1766:khanate
1715:Kurdish
1599:monshis
1564:Revenue
1502:In the
1443:toponym
1431:obverse
1413:kopecks
1353:Coinage
1346:hammams
1158:Kizlyar
1135:Persian
1074:cavalry
1034:(king)
905:Ardabil
804:History
798:Lezgins
683:Varanda
679:Khachen
613:Turkmen
583:in the
569:in the
490:Varanda
444:(king)
411:Armenia
403:Russian
399:Iranian
395:khanate
386::
375:Russian
366::
355:Persian
330:Armenia
221:•
198:History
158:(first)
128:Kurdish
108:Persian
74:Capital
59:Iranian
54:Khanate
3863:
3828:
3804:
3770:
3741:
3708:
3686:
3662:
3643:
3611:
3582:
3531:
3502:
3473:
3443:
3424:
3375:
3348:
3329:
3308:
3298:
3281:
3250:
3231:
3212:
3189:
3170:
3146:
3122:
3106:: 1–9.
1857:Soviet
1710:feudal
1635:Seljuk
1615:nazers
1544:Shusha
1538:mahals
1534:mahals
1530:mahals
1522:mahals
1511:mahals
1504:mahals
1455:abbasi
1377:minted
1341:bazaar
1336:maidan
1311:Aghdam
1281:farman
1276:farman
1240:farman
1147:Paul I
1108:days.
1090:Erivan
1082:Talesh
1066:Kerman
1062:Tehran
1054:Tabriz
1028:Tiflis
1010:, the
936:Shiraz
924:Afshar
911:ruler
897:Shusha
886:meliks
882:meliks
874:meliks
868:, the
823:Shusha
763:meliks
748:meliks
733:meliks
712:(died
666:meliks
645:Erivan
601:Mongol
597:Turkic
512:Shiraz
499:ruler
482:, the
474:, and
434:Turkic
423:Turkic
419:Arabic
397:under
201:
140:
118:Turkic
113:Arabic
65:Russia
57:Under
50:Status
3861:JSTOR
3768:S2CID
3398:Brill
3363:. In
3323:Brill
3279:S2CID
1882:Kurds
1841:Sunni
1820:mahal
1812:mahal
1780:word
1762:tuman
1744:Notes
1720:ummah
1643:harem
1630:iqta'
1462:rupia
1437:laqab
1408:rupia
1372:shahi
870:melik
779:pasha
698:Qajar
690:Ganja
675:Dizak
609:Timur
589:Arran
485:melik
468:Bayat
289:Dizak
81:Bayat
3826:ISBN
3802:ISBN
3739:ISSN
3706:ISBN
3684:ISBN
3660:ISBN
3641:ISBN
3609:ISBN
3580:ISBN
3529:ISBN
3500:ISBN
3471:ISBN
3441:ISBN
3422:ISBN
3373:ISBN
3346:ISBN
3327:ISBN
3306:OCLC
3296:ISBN
3248:ISBN
3229:ISBN
3210:ISBN
3187:ISBN
3168:ISBN
3144:ISBN
3120:ISBN
1839:and
1837:Shia
1758:ulka
1686:The
1637:and
1423:The
1253:tsar
1137:and
1084:and
1032:shah
1022:The
1016:Iran
1012:shah
909:Zand
775:khan
681:and
643:and
599:and
497:Zand
442:shah
432:, a
413:and
345:The
238:1822
228:1813
215:1748
136:Khan
3853:doi
3760:doi
3402:doi
3271:doi
1760:or
1692:of
1167:in
1088:of
1080:of
1014:of
964:).
821:in
773:or
659:or
651:or
3985::
3859:.
3845:11
3843:.
3766:.
3756:48
3754:.
3626:.
3557:IX
3549:.
3400:.
3392:.
3325:.
3321:.
3304:.
3277:.
3267:50
3265:.
3102:.
3011:^
2960:^
2885:^
2868:^
2853:^
2836:^
2809:^
2782:^
2719:^
2632:^
2533:^
2458:^
2431:^
2314:^
2249:^
2200:^
2173:^
2070:^
2043:^
2026:^
1963:^
1912:^
1822:."
1613:,
1609:,
1605:,
1601:,
1597:,
1593:,
1557:.
1313:.
1283:.
1261:r.
1178:r.
1160:.
1152:r.
1041:r.
982:r.
918:r.
888:.
841:r.
791:c.
758:.
714:c.
621:c.
533:r.
506:r.
492:.
470:,
462:r.
451:r.
381:,
377::
373:;
361:,
357::
353:;
3902:e
3895:t
3888:v
3874:)
3870:(
3867:.
3855::
3834:.
3810:.
3774:.
3762::
3745:.
3714:.
3692:.
3668:.
3649:.
3630:.
3617:.
3588:.
3537:.
3508:.
3479:.
3449:.
3430:.
3408:.
3404::
3381:.
3354:.
3335:.
3312:.
3285:.
3273::
3256:.
3237:.
3218:.
3195:.
3176:.
3152:.
3128:.
2342:.
2021:.
1922:.
1871:.
1797:.
1784:.
1258:(
1175:(
1149:(
1038:(
979:(
960:(
915:(
838:(
673:(
619:(
530:(
503:(
459:(
448:(
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