2982:). He interpreted the "kara" of Karate-dō to mean "to purge oneself of selfish and evil thoughts ... for only with a clear mind and conscience can the practitioner understand the knowledge which he receives." Funakoshi believed that one should be "inwardly humble and outwardly gentle." Only by behaving humbly can one be open to Karate's many lessons. This is done by listening and being receptive to criticism. He considered courtesy of prime importance. He said that "Karate is properly applied only in those rare situations in which one really must either down another or be downed by him." Funakoshi did not consider it unusual for a devotee to use Karate in a real physical confrontation no more than perhaps once in a lifetime. He stated that Karate practitioners must "never be easily drawn into a fight." It is understood that one blow from a real expert could mean death. It is clear that those who misuse what they have learned bring dishonor upon themselves. He promoted the character trait of personal conviction. In "time of grave public crisis, one must have the courage ... to face a million and one opponents." He taught that indecisiveness is a weakness.
2809:
3612:, formerly the JKA chief instructor in Europe, who along with Hiroshi Shirai created the World Shotokan Karate-do Academy (WKSA), in 1989 to pursue the teaching of "Budo" karate as opposed to what he viewed as "sport karate". Kase sought to return the practice of Shotokan Karate to its martial roots, reintroducing among other things open hand and throwing techniques that had been side lined as the result of competition rules introduced by the JKA. Both the ESA and the WKSA (renamed the Kase-Ha Shotokan-Ryu Karate-do Academy (KSKA) after Kase's death in 2004) continue following this path today. In 1975, Great Britain became the first team ever to take the World male team title from Japan after being defeated the previous year in the final.
1313:
stated, "(1) The possession of guns is prohibited. (2) The possession of weapons owned privately by princes, three magistrates, and samurai is permitted. (3) Weapons must be repaired in
Satsuma through the magistrate's office of Satsuma. (4) Swords must be reported to the magistrate's office of Satsuma for approval." It did not prohibit the possession of weapons (except guns) or even their practice. In fact, even after subjugation to the Satsuma Domain, a number of Ryukyuan masters of swordsmanship, spearmanship, archery, and other arts are known. Therefore, some researchers criticize the theory that karate developed due to the policy of banning weapons as "a rumor on the street with no basis at all."
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international level. Tournaments are designed to match members of opposing schools or styles against one another in kata, sparring and weapons demonstration. They are often separated by age, rank and sex with potentially different rules or standards based on these factors. The tournament may be exclusively for members of a particular style (closed) or one in which any martial artist from any style may participate within the rules of the tournament (open).
3510:(1927–1987) a 3rd Dan Yoseikan under Minoru Mochizuki and 1st Dan of the JKA, who arrived in England in July 1959. In 1959, Frederick Gille set up the Liverpool branch of the British Karate Federation, which was officially recognised in 1961. The Liverpool branch was based at Harold House Jewish Boys Club in Chatham Street before relocating to the YMCA in Everton where it became known as the Red Triangle. One of the early members of this branch was
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1299:(1476–1526; r. 1477–1527), when weapons were collected from all over the country and strictly controlled by the royal government. The second time was after the invasion of Ryukyu by the Satsuma Domain in 1609. Through the two policies, the popular belief that Ryukyuan samurai, who were deprived of their weapons, developed karate to compete with Satsuma's samurai has traditionally been referred to as if it were a historical fact.
1884:
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1309:, 1509), which states that "swords, bows and arrows are to be piled up exclusively as weapons of national defense," has been conventionally interpreted as meaning "weapons were collected and sealed in a warehouse." However, in recent years, researchers of Okinawan studies have pointed out that the correct interpretation is that "swords, bows and arrows were collected and used as weapons of the state."
1839:
88:
1710:" in Japanese) which are simplified kata for beginning students. In 1905, Itosu helped to get karate introduced into Okinawa's public schools. These forms were taught to children at the elementary school level. Itosu's influence in karate is broad. The forms he created are common across nearly all styles of karate. His students became some of the most well-known karate masters, including
2879:
3506:, thus the Yoseikan style was heavily influenced by Shotokan. Bell began teaching in the tennis courts of his parents' back garden in Ilford, Essex and his group was to become the British Karate Federation. On 19 July 1957, Vietnamese Hoang Nam 3rd Dan, billed as "Karate champion of Indo China", was invited to teach by Bell at Maybush Road, but the first instructor from Japan was
3450:, one of the original instructors sent by the JKA to Europe along with Kase, Enoeda and Kanazawa, moved to Italy in 1965 and quickly established a Shotokan enclave that spawned several instructors who in their turn soon spread the style all over the country. By 1970 Shotokan karate was the most spread martial art in Italy apart from Judo. Other styles such as
2887:
1640:. Funakoshi writes, "In the early modern era, when China was highly revered, many martial artists traveled to China to practice Chinese kenpo, and added it to the ancient kenpo, the so-called 'Okinawa-te'. After further study, they discarded the disadvantages of both, adopted their advantages, and added more subtlety, and karate was born."
3372:. Failing to suppress these uncontrolled groups, the USSR's Sport Committee formed the Karate Federation of USSR in December 1978. On 17 May 1984, the Soviet Karate Federation was disbanded and all karate became illegal again. In 1989, karate practice became legal again, but under strict government regulations, only after the
2697:). Competitors may enter either as individuals or as part of a team. Evaluation for kata and kobudō is performed by a panel of judges, whereas sparring is judged by a head referee, usually with assistant referees at the side of the sparring area. Sparring matches are typically divided by weight, age, gender, and experience.
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America. In 1979, Otsuka publicly promoted
Shintani to hachidan (8th dan) and privately gave him a kudan certificate (9th dan), which was revealed by Shintani in 1995. Shintani and Otsuka visited each other in Japan and Canada several times, the last time in 1980 two years prior to Otsuka's death. Shintani died 7 May 2000.
2700:
WKF only allows membership through one national organization/federation per country to which clubs may join. The World Union of Karate-do
Federations (WUKF) offers different styles and federations a world body they may join, without having to compromise their style or size. The WUKF accepts more than
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Kihon means basics and these form the base for everything else in the style including stances, strikes, punches, kicks and blocks. Karate styles place varying importance on kihon. Typically this is training in unison of a technique or a combination of techniques by a group of karateka. Kihon may also
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Karate is divided into style organizations. These organizations sometimes cooperate in non-style specific sport karate organizations or federations. Examples of sport organizations include AAKF/ITKF, AOK, TKL, AKA, WKF, NWUKO, WUKF and WKC. Organizations hold competitions (tournaments) from local to
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In free sparring (Jiyu Kumite), the two participants have a free choice of scoring techniques. The allowed techniques and contact level are primarily determined by sport or style organization policy, but might be modified according to the age, rank and sex of the participants. Depending upon style,
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In 1935, Funakoshi changed the names of many kata and karate itself. Funakoshi's motivation was that the names of many of the traditional kata were unintelligible, and that it would be inappropriate to use the
Chinese style names to teach karate as a Japanese martial art. He also said that the kata
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uses a variety of martial arts styles. Neo's skill in martial arts was shown having downloaded into his brain, which granted combat abilities equivalent to a martial artist with decades of experience. Kenpo Karate is one of the many styles Neo learns as part of his computerised combat training. As
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in the early 20th century, the influence of karate in Korea is a contentious issue. From 1910 until 1945, Korea was annexed by the
Japanese Empire. It was during this time that many of the Korean martial arts masters of the 20th century were exposed to Japanese karate. After regaining independence
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Minimum age and time in rank are factors affecting promotion. Testing consists of demonstration of techniques before a panel of examiners or senseis. This will vary by school, but testing may include everything learned at that point, or just new information. The demonstration is an application for
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The
Chinese origins of karate were increasingly viewed with suspicion due to rising tensions between China and Japan and as well as the looming threat of a full-scale war between the two countries. In 1933, the Japanese character for karate was altered to a homophone— a word pronounced identically
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Despite the early adoption of
Shotokan in the UK, it was not until 1964 that JKA Shotokan officially came to the UK. Bell had been corresponding with the JKA in Tokyo asking for his grades to be ratified in Shotokan having apparently learnt that Murakami was not a designated representative of the
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In the late 1950s
Shintani moved to Ontario and began teaching karate and judo at the Japanese Cultural Centre in Hamilton. In 1966, he began (with Otsuka's endorsement) the Shintani Wado Kai Karate Federation. During the 1970s Otsuka appointed Shintani the Supreme Instructor of Wado Kai in North
484:, its cultural ties to China remained strong. Since Okinawans were banned from carrying swords under samurai rule, clandestine groups of young aristocrats created unarmed combat methods as a form of resistance, combining local and Chinese styles. This blend of martial arts became known as kara-te
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for kumite) allowing all kinds of techniques (strikes, choke holds, joint locks, etc.) but in a controlled manner to not injure the opponent when aiming to vital areas. Despite sparring was originally an unnoticed form of practice for senior students, there were no "contests" until
Western-style
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in Fujian and stayed there for six months to a year and a half. Government-funded and privately funded foreign students were also sent to study in
Beijing or Fuzhou for several years. Some of these envoys and students studied Chinese martial arts in China. The styles of Chinese martial arts they
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It is also known that the policy of banning weapons (a 1613 notice to the Ryukyu royal government), which is said to have been implemented by the Satsuma Domain, only prohibited the carrying of swords and other weapons, but not their possession, and was a relatively lax regulation. This notice
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began studying karate under Shotokan's founder, Gichin Funakoshi, while a student at Waseda University, beginning in 1948. In 1957, Ohshima received his godan (fifth-degree black belt), the highest rank awarded by Funakoshi. He founded the first university karate club in the United States at
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to be considered for inclusion in the 2020 Summer Olympics; and in June 2016, the executive board of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that they would support the proposal to include all of the shortlisted sports in the 2020 Games. Finally, on 3 August 2016, all five sports
2451::かた) means literally "shape" or "model." Kata is a formalized sequence of movements which represent various offensive and defensive postures. These postures are based on idealized combat applications. The applications when applied in a demonstration with real opponents is referred to as a
2922:, 10th Kyū or Jukyū) and progress toward a lower numbered kyū. The Dan progression continues from 1st Dan (Shodan, or 'beginning dan') to the higher dan grades. Kyū-grade karateka are referred to as "color belt" or mudansha ("ones without dan/rank"). Dan-grade karateka are referred to as
3632:, under the World Karate Federation, was first introduced in 1970. In 1972 Frank Novak became the first fully qualified Shotokan instructor to arrive in Australia and teach in the country, establishing the first Shotokan Karate dojo in Australia. At karate's debut in the Olympics at the
2724:(full contact with protective shielding of targets) rules are used in the World Koshiki Karate-Do Federation organization. Shinkaratedo Federation use boxing gloves. Within the United States, rules may be under the jurisdiction of state sports authorities, such as the boxing commission.
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But in recent years many researchers have questioned the causal relationship between the policy of banning weapons and the development of karate. For example, as the basis for King Shō Shin's policy of banning weapons, an inscription on the parapet of the main hall of Shuri Castle
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Karate spread rapidly in the West through popular culture. In 1950s popular fiction, karate was at times described to readers in near-mythical terms, and it was credible to show Western experts of unarmed combat as unaware of Eastern martial arts of this kind. Following the
539:, such as the training uniforms, colored belts, and ranking systems. Karate's popularity was initially sluggish with little exposition but when a magazine reported a story about Motobu defeating a foreign boxer in Kyoto, Karate rapidly became well known throughout Japan.
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Karate began in Canada in the 1930s and 1940s as Japanese people immigrated to the country. Karate was practised quietly without a large amount of organization. During the Second World War, many Japanese-Canadian families were moved to the interior of British Columbia.
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On 25 October 1936, a roundtable meeting of karate masters was held in Naha, Okinawa Prefecture, where it was officially decided to change the name of karate from karate (Tang hand) to karate (empty hand). In attendance were Chōmo Hanashiro, Chōki Motobu, Chōtoku Kyan,
2930:. Normally, the first five to six dans are given by examination by superior dan holders, while the subsequent (7 and up) are honorary, given for special merits and/or age reached. Requirements of rank differ among styles, organizations, and schools. Kyū ranks stress
1906:
In 1922, Funakoshi published the first book on karate, and in 1926 Motobu published the first technical book on kumite. As karate's popularity grew, karate clubs were established one after another in Japanese universities with Funakoshi and Motobu as instructors.
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and a committee of Korean masters. Choi, a significant figure in taekwondo history, had also studied karate under Funakoshi. Karate also provided an important comparative model for the early founders of taekwondo in the formalization of their art including
1228:(now Kume, Naha City) in Naha from Fujian Province in the Ming Dynasty at that time. They brought with them advanced learning and skills to Ryukyu, and there is a theory that Chinese kenpō, the origin of karate, was also brought to Ryukyu at this time.
523:) who had been the bearers of karate lost their privileged position, and with it, karate was in danger of losing transmission. However, karate gradually regained popularity after 1905, when it began to be taught in schools in Okinawa. During the
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had to be simplified to spread karate as a form of physical education, so some of the kata were modified. He always referred to what he taught as simply karate, but in 1936 he built a dōjō in Tokyo and the style he left behind is usually called
570:
in Japanese – to indicate that the Japanese wished to develop the combat form in Japanese style. After World War II, Okinawa became (1945) an important United States military site and karate became popular among servicemen stationed there. The
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Chapter 9 covers Motobu-ryu and Bugeikan, two 'ti' styles with grappling and vital point striking techniques. Page 165, Seitoku Higa: "Use pressure on vital points, wrist locks, grappling, strikes and kicks in a gentle manner to neutralize an
3368:'s policy of improved international relations. The first Shotokan clubs were opened in Moscow's universities. In 1973, however, the government banned karate—together with all other foreign martial arts—endorsing only the Soviet martial art of
492:, which translates to "Chinese hand." Initially, there were no uniforms, colored belts, ranking systems, or standardized styles. Training emphasized self-discipline. Many elements essential to karate were actually incorporated a century ago.
2836:. During this debut of Karate in the Summer Olympics, sixty competitors from around the world competed in the Kumite competition, and twenty competed in the Kata competition. In September 2015, karate was included in a shortlist along with
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The reason for the development of unarmed combat techniques in Ryukyu has conventionally been attributed to a policy of banning weapons, which is said to have been implemented on two occasions. The first was during the reign of King
2458:
To attain a formal rank the karateka must demonstrate competent performance of specific required kata for that level. The Japanese terminology for grades or ranks is commonly used. Requirements for examinations vary among schools.
2309:, who said, "The karate you do cannot be understood from kata alone, so why don't you try a little more so that the general public can understand it?" Against the backdrop of these complaints and criticisms, young people such as
2321:. However, because this notice did not include the word "karate," it was interpreted by the Ministry of Education that karate was not prohibited, and karate was able to resume its activities earlier than other martial arts.
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JKA. The JKA obliged, and without enforcing a grading on Bell, ratified his black belt on 5 February 1964, though he had to relinquish his Yoseikan grade. Bell requested a visitation from JKA instructors and the next year
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because they adopted sparring after having learned it in Tokyo. In the early 1930s, pre-arranged sparring was introduced and developed, and finally a few years later free sparring was permitted for Shotokan students.
3608:. An earlier significant split from the KUGB took place in 1991 when a group led by KUGB senior instructor Steve Cattle formed the English Shotokan Academy (ESA). The aim of this group was to follow the teachings of
3728:
During the late 20th century, specifically during the 80s and 90s, karate saw a rise in mainstream popularity. America in the 80s took hold of the martial arts craze and began to produce more homegrown films in the
1544:
Sōryo Tsūshin (monk Tsūshin), active during the reign of King Shō Kei, was a monk who went to the Qing Dynasty to study Chinese martial arts and was reportedly one of the best martial artists of his time in Ryukyu.
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In the 1950s and 1960s, several Japanese karate masters began to teach the art in Europe, but it was not until 1965 that the Japan Karate Association (JKA) sent to Europe four well-trained young Karate instructors
2996:
Karate is divided into many styles, each with their different training methods, focuses, and cultures; though they mainly originate from the historical Okinawan parent styles of Naha-te, Tomari-te and Shuri-te.
2386:(attitude) such as perseverance, fearlessness, virtue, and leadership skills. Sport karate places emphasis on exercise and competition. Weapons are an important training activity in some styles of karate.
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in Karate is called kumite (組手:くみて). It literally means "meeting of hands." Kumite is practiced both as a sport and as self-defense training. Levels of physical contact during sparring vary considerably.
2313:
and Konishi devised their own kumite and kumite matches, which are the prototypes of today's kumite. Motobu's emphasis on kumite attracted Ōtsuka and Konishi, who later studied Okinawan kumite under him.
1585:(1786–1867), who was nicknamed "Tōde Sakugawa." Sakugawa was a samurai from Shuri who traveled to Qing China to learn Chinese martial arts. The martial arts he mastered were new and different from te. As
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3604:. Kanazawa left the UK after 3 years and Enoeda took over. After Enoeda's death in 2003, the KUGB elected Andy Sherry as Chief Instructor. Shortly after this, a new association split off from KUGB,
3008:
explained that the notion of different variations of karate came from outsiders. During karate popularization in mainland Japan, it was spread the idea that karate was divided into two branches:
2680:(IOC) as being responsible for karate competition in the Olympic Games. The WKF has developed common rules governing all styles. The national WKF organizations coordinate with their respective
375:
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2317:
After World War II, karate activities were temporarily stalled due to the "Notice Banning Judo, Kendo, and Other Martial Arts" issued by the Ministry of Education under the directive of the
1497:(Okinawan:Kūsankū). It is believed that Kōshōkun may have been a military officer on a mission from Qing that visited Ryukyu in 1756, and some believe that karate originated with Kōshōkun.
3725:
is exceptionally skillful in martial arts. He is an expert in various types of martial arts including Karate, as well as Judo, Aikido, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Filipino Eskrima and Krav Maga.
971:, and this terminology was later popularized, especially in Tokyo. There is also a theory that the background for this name change was the worsening of Japan-China relations at the time.
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6723:
5869:"対談・ゲスト小西康裕/聞き手池田奉秀・空手道を語る:過去と現在の武道的視点" [Dialogue, Guest: Yasuhiro Konishi / Interviewer: Fusuhide Ikeda, Talking about Karate-do: Budo perspectives of the past and present].
3423:. Kase went to France, Enoeada to England and Shirai in Italy. These Masters maintained always a strong link between them, the JKA and the others JKA masters in the world, especially
3283:
from Japan, many Korean martial arts schools that opened up in the 1940s and 1950s were founded by masters who had trained in karate in Japan as part of their martial arts training.
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974:
On 25 October 1936 a roundtable meeting of karate masters was held in Naha, Okinawa Prefecture, and it was officially resolved to use the name karate (empty hand) in the sense of
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3055:. These four styles are those recognised by the World Karate Federation for international kata competition. Some widespread styles oftenly accepted for kata competition include
535:. The ultranationalistic sentiment of the 1930s affected every aspect of Japanese culture. To make the imported martial art more relatable, Funakoshi incorporated elements from
3102:, at the age of 13, began to study Shorin-Ryu karate in the Japanese camp under Kitigawa. In 1956, after 9 years of training with Kitigawa, Shintani travelled to Japan and met
1900:
2566:, good timing and correct distance. In full contact karate kumite, points are based on the results of the impact, rather than the formal appearance of the scoring technique.
1655:, named after the three cities from which they emerged. Each area and its teachers had particular kata, techniques, and principles that distinguished their local version of
1525:
invaded Ryukyu and Ryukyu became its vassal state, but it continued to pay tribute to the Ming and Qing Dynasties in China. At the time, China had implemented a policy of
8654:
7967:
11713:
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1350:), which has been handed down to this day in the Motobu family, one of the branches of the former Ryukyu royal family. In the 16th century, the Ryukyuan history book "
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3435:
France Shotokan Karate was created in 1964 by Tsutomu Ohshima. It is affiliated with another of his organizations, Shotokan Karate of America (SKA). However, in 1965
2525:, prearranged), two participants perform a choreographed series of techniques with one striking while the other blocks. The form ends with one devastating technique (
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3313:", the Korean transliteration of the Chinese characters for "Way of Chinese Hand" (唐手道). In the mid-1950s, the martial arts schools were unified under President
2382:. Traditional karate places emphasis on self-development (budō). Modern Japanese style training emphasizes the psychological elements incorporated into a proper
6429:
2228:
At that time, there was almost no kumite training in karate, and kata training was the main focus. There were also no matches. However, at that time, judo and
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is a path to self-knowledge, not just a study of the technical aspects of fighting. Like most martial arts practised in Japan, karate made its transition from -
592:
Karate, like other Japanese martial arts, is considered to be not only about fighting techniques, but also about spiritual cultivation. Many karate schools and
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1876:) presented pictures of karate on two hanging scrolls at the first Physical Education Exhibition in Tokyo. The following June, Funakoshi was invited to the
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into mass popularity. However, mainstream Western audiences at the time generally did not distinguish between different Asian martial arts such as karate,
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1880:
to give a karate demonstration in front of Jigoro Kano and other judo experts. This was the beginning of the full-scale introduction of karate in Tokyo.
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In addition, the will (Part I: 1778, Part II: 1783) of Ryukyuan samurai Aka Pēchin Chokushki (1721–1784) mentions the name of a martial art called
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who had previously studied Jujutsu with Jack Britten. In 1961, Edward Ainsworth, another blackbelt Judoka, set up the first Karate study group in
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2332:(who was born a Korean, Choi Yeong-Eui 최영의). Kyokushin is largely a synthesis of Shotokan and Gōjū-ryū. It teaches a curriculum that emphasizes
8353:
3248:(JKA) and student of Gichin Funakoshi, began teaching in the United States. He founded the International Traditional Karate Federation (ITKF).
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in 1991 did independent karate schools resume functioning, and so federations were formed and national tournaments in authentic styles began.
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of the 1960s and 1970s served to greatly increase the popularity of martial arts around the world, and English-speakers began to use the word
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came from Japan along with Enoeda and Shirai, who went to England and Italy respectively, and karate came under the influence of the JKA.
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3289:, a Korean student of Funakoshi, founded the first martial arts school after the Japanese occupation of Korea ended in 1945, called the
3110:). In 1958, Otsuka invited Shintani to join his organization Wado Kai, and in 1969 he asked Shintani to officially call his style Wado.
1037:. It implies that these arts are not just fighting systems but contain spiritual elements when promoted as disciplines. In this context
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Free sparring is performed in a marked or closed area. The bout runs for a fixed time (2 to 3 minutes.) The time can run continuously (
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schools that teach Japanese karate still exist as they were originally conveyed to Won Kuk Lee and his contemporaries from Funakoshi.
2352:" (after the name for its competition rules). Many other karate organizations and styles are descended from the Kyokushin curriculum.
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practice was also being actively practiced, the young people in mainland Japan gradually became dissatisfied with kata-only practice.
1899:) participated in a judo versus boxing match in Kyoto, defeating a foreign boxer. The match was featured in Japan's largest magazine "
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1850:, the last king of the Ryūkyū Kingdom, was ordered to move to Tokyo in 1879, he was accompanied by prominent karate masters such as
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1903:," which had a circulation of about one million at the time, and karate and Motobu's name became instantly known throughout Japan.
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But this name change did not immediately spread among Okinawan karate practitioners. There were many karate practitioners, such as
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is a suffix having numerous meanings including road, path, route and way. It is used in many martial arts that survived Japan's
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1002:). To commemorate this day, the Okinawa Prefectural Assembly passed a resolution in 2005 to decide 25 October as "Karate Day."
589:) began appearing around the world, catering to those with casual interest as well as those seeking a deeper study of the art.
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The modernization and systemization of karate in Japan also included the adoption of the white uniform that consisted of the
1858:). It is unknown if they taught karate to the Japanese in Tokyo, although there are records that Kyan taught his son karate.
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4467:"Dr. Gary J. Krug: the Feet of the Master: Three Stages in the Appropriation of Okinawan Karate Into Anglo-American Culture"
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3793:(1994) are films relating the fictional story of an American adolescent's introduction into karate. Its television sequel,
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Goldfinger said, "Have you ever heard of Karate? No? Well that man is one of the three in the world who have achieved the
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and only traded with tributary countries, so the Satsuma Domain wanted Ryukyu to continue its tribute to benefit from it.
602:, which emphasize the perfection of character, the importance of effort, and respect for courtesy. Karate featured at the
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Asato, Ankō; Funakoshi, Gichin (17 January 1914). "沖縄の武技" [Martial Arts of Okinawa] (in Japanese). Ryukyu Shimpo.
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In the Showa era (1926–1989), other Okinawan karate masters also came to mainland Japan to teach karate. These included
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in Fujian Province, China, to escape Japanese military conscription. While there he studied under Shū Shiwa (Chinese:
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Chōken Makabe was a man of the late 18th century. His light stature and jumping ability gave him the nickname "Makabe
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5893:
5483:
5439:
5357:
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4501:
4356:
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4203:
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further popularized karate (as opposed to Asian martial arts more generally) in mainstream American popular culture.
7579:
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10935:
10918:
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10764:
9957:
8737:
1686:. Matsumura was, according to one theory, a student of Sakugawa. Matsumura's style later became the origin of many
1400:
However, some believe that Kyō Ahagon's anecdote is a half-legend and that it is unclear whether he was actually a
7662:
7174:
7124:
5130:
4867:
4763:
9350:
7460:
6274:
6199:
4328:
Meigenrō, Shujin (1925). "肉弾相打つ 唐手拳闘大試合" [Karate vs. Boxing, a great match of blows against each other].
3722:
3373:
3188:
3032:
was actively opposed to the idea of the break-down into several karate schools. He believed that making karate a
2837:
2821:
2677:
909:) means art or technique, and in those days it was often used as a suffix to the name of each martial art, as in
607:
207:
6887:
6251:
6079:
2853:(counting baseball and softball together as one sport) were approved for inclusion in the 2020 Olympic program.
2560:
kumite, points are awarded based on the criteria: good form, sporting attitude, vigorous application, awareness/
626:
Originally in Okinawa during the Ryukyu Kingdom period, there existed an indigenous Ryukyuan martial art called
12188:
12173:
11292:
10898:
9833:
9303:
7735:, an expert in unarmed combat, as utterly ignorant of Karate and its demonstrations, and describes the Korean '
6308:
5968:
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5918:
3985:
3546:
2845:
2793:
10502:
9589:
8469:
8319:
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960:, empty hand) gradually began to be used from the writings of Gichin Funakoshi and Motobu Chōki in the 1920s.
10908:
10893:
9712:
9340:
9117:
8053:
6452:
5599:
4167:
3585:
2825:
1074:). In Japan, katakana is mainly used for foreign words, giving Kyokushin Karate a modern and new impression.
873:
When karate was first taught in mainland Japan in the 1920s, Gichin Funakoshi and Motobu Chōki used the name
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5713:] (in Japanese). Vol. 1. Keio University Physical Education Association Karate Club. p. 25.
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However some of the schools' founders have been sceptical with the separation of karate into many styles.
2506:, allows full power techniques with some safety. Sport kumite in many international competition under the
814:
Japan sent envoys to the Tang dynasty and introduced much Chinese culture. Gichin Funakoshi proposed that
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8757:
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8117:
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2620:
is a large jar used for developing grip strength. These supplementary exercises are designed to increase
7827:
7030:
3344:. Eventually, original Korean forms were developed by individual schools and associations. Although the
2455:. The Bunkai shows how every stance and movement is used. Bunkai is a useful tool to understand a kata.
9872:
9107:
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4162:
4055:
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3345:
3207:
2833:
2813:
2785:
2773:
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1532:
The envoys of the tribute mission were chosen from among the samurai class of Ryukyu, and they went to
42:
7755:
Such a description in a popular novel assumed and relied upon Karate being almost unknown in the West.
10977:
9112:
9092:
8172:
7742:
6491:
6345:
6115:
5220:
4654:"Current State and Issues of Modern Okinawan Karate": Karate Spirituality of the Karate Practitioners
4172:
3570:
3273:
3121:. In 1954, Tsuruoka initiated the first karate competition in Canada and laid the foundation for the
2927:
2765:
2017:
38:
8349:
8239:
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Youth and Rock in the Soviet Bloc: Youth Cultures, Music, and the State in Russia and Eastern Europe
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Funakoshi, Gichin. "Karate-dō Kyohan – The Master Text" Tokyo. Kodansha International; 1973. Page 4
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3620:
The World Karate Federation was first introduced to Oceania as the Oceania Karate Federation 1973.
3526:
3245:
2333:
1475:
It is known that in "Ōshima Writing" (1762), written by Yoshihiro Tobe, a Confucian scholar of the
1235:
import theory," which states that karate was brought to Ryukyu after the invasion of Ryukyu by the
17:
1581:) first came into use in the Ryukyu Kingdom, but according to Ankō Asato, it was popularized from
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10072:
10014:
9967:
9904:
8959:
8706:
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in 1957. In 1959, he founded the Southern California Karate Association (SCKA) which was renamed
2781:
2673:
2507:
2301:, kata-only training was often criticized by the leading judo practitioners of the time, such as
2289:
relates that, during his visit to Okinawa in 1940, he heard some karateka were ousted from their
2225:, the founder of judo and one of the men Funakoshi consulted in his efforts to modernize karate.
615:
230:
203:
65:
8263:
8023:
7873:
6144:
3832:
2736:, has been effective for some MMA practitioners. Various styles of karate are practiced in MMA:
10835:
7989:
3995:
3869:
3144:
1877:
779:(Chinese reading) and the latter is kun'yomi (Japanese reading). Since the distinction between
7797:
7766:
6772:"Motorsport, cricket and karate among nine sports on shortlist for Los Angeles 2028 inclusion"
6720:"IOC Executive Board supports Tokyo 2020 package of new sports for IOC Session – Olympic News"
5988:(in Japanese). Vol. 12, no. 1. Budo Publishing Research Institute. 1978. p. 13.
4952:[Season's Topics: October 25 Karate Day] (in Japanese). Okinawa Prefectural Archives.
2910:
with a limited set of belt colors. Other Okinawan teachers also adopted this practice. In the
1165:
There are several theories regarding the origins of karate, but the main ones are as follows.
12086:
11814:
11680:
11608:
11593:
11339:
10926:
10334:
10004:
9987:
9982:
9909:
9865:
9777:
9326:
8783:
8778:
8202:"International Karate Organization KYOKUSHINKAIKAN Domestic Black Belt List As of Oct.2000".
6972:
6863:
6089:
4695:
4157:
4035:
3673:
2653:
2117:
1862:
1276:
967:(Instructor Gichin Funakoshi) used this term in reference to the concept of emptiness in the
420:
225:
179:
72:
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9603:
8397:
7004:
6820:
Funakoshi, Gichin. "Karate-dō Kyohan – The Master Text" Tokyo. Kodansha International; 1973.
4542:
2202:
passed a resolution to commemorate this decision by designating 25 October as "Karate Day."
1861:
In 1908, students from the Okinawa Prefectural Middle School gave a karate demonstration at
1392:, not today's karate, and Ankō Asato introduces Kyō Ahagon as a "prominent martial artist."
1053:. Thus karatedō is more than just empty hand techniques. It is "the way of the empty hand".
12061:
11998:
11991:
11751:
11551:
11479:
11430:
10804:
10642:
10574:
10119:
10114:
10009:
9972:
9952:
9944:
9899:
8788:
8762:
8730:
7225:
6658:"Olympics: Baseball/softball, sport climbing, surfing, karate, skateboarding at Tokyo 2020"
5785:] (in Japanese). Karate Research Association of Tokyo Imperial University. p. 221.
4949:
3633:
3214:
3192:
3164:
2861:
2829:
2538:
2534:
1785:, and for a very brief time near the end of his life, An'ichi Miyagi (a teacher claimed by
1472:(fighting cock). The ceiling of his house is said to have been marked by his kicking foot.
603:
473:
441:
183:
10531:
7632:
6546:
5543:
5352:]. Translated by Quast, Andreas; Motobu, Naoki. Independently Published. p. 153.
5323:]. Translated by Quast, Andreas; Motobu, Naoki. Independently Published. p. 165.
4226:
3036:, as well keeping it as a martial art, could be a possible approach to unify all schools.
1988:
in Okinawa in 1905, and Funakoshi decided to use this name as well. In addition, the name
8:
11766:
11603:
11499:
11494:
11435:
11349:
11263:
11227:
11135:
10922:
10688:
10554:
10544:
10339:
10329:
10294:
10259:
10024:
9994:
9962:
9846:
9193:
9035:
6084:
5478:]. Translated by Quast, Andreas; Motobu, Naoki. Independently Published. p. 36.
4144:
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3369:
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2493:
2397:
2345:
2249:
2042:
2000:
1968:
1941:
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1452:
1372:
1334:
986:
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is primarily a striking art that uses punches and kicks, traditional karate also employs
134:
8142:
4912:
4624:
3655:
is known for practicing many martial arts styles, including Karate, having trained with
2477:
1480:
775:
are written in the same Chinese characters meaning "Tang/China hand," but the former is
11971:
11756:
11722:
11371:
11034:
10964:
10711:
10559:
9977:
9071:
8083:
7772:
7746:
7727:
6552:
5753:
3697:
3677:
3522:
3424:
3241:
3172:
2939:
2857:
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2633:
2221:—and coloured belt ranks. Both of these innovations were originated and popularized by
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156:
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1985:
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was already blurred at that time, karate was used to encompass both. "Kara (から)" is a
92:
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8951:
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7693:""Olympic Destiny" as Tsuneari Yahiro Announced as Australia's First Karate Olympian"
7523:
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6314:
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6055:
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5939:
5914:
5889:
5705:慶応義塾体育会空手部 (1936). Keio University Physical Education Association Karate Club (ed.).
5479:
5435:
5353:
5324:
5295:
5270:
5161:
4701:
4522:
4497:
4445:
4390:
4352:
4305:
4253:
4199:
4065:
3955:
3743:
3733:. Films weren't the only popular visual representation of Karate in the 80s, just as
3730:
3589:
3574:
3558:
3416:
3365:
3234:
3184:
2935:
2761:
2753:
2657:
2621:
2500:) uses full power techniques to bring an opponent to the ground. Sparring in armour,
2275:
1711:
516:
449:
382:
368:
11691:
9733:
8443:
8297:
8143:"Martial Matrix :: WINM :: Keanu Reeves Articles & Interviews Archive"
4739:
Goju-ryu Karate-dō History: The Two Great Masters, Kanryō Higaonna and Chōjun Miyagi
12119:
12036:
11966:
11776:
11586:
11354:
8876:
8585:
5741:
5714:
5687:
5591:
5221:
Kagoshima Prefecture Restoration History Materials Compilation Office, ed. (1984).
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3534:
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3503:
3499:
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but with a different meaning. Thus, "Chinese hand" was replaced with "empty hand."
796:
528:
334:
265:
8836:
7519:
Sport and the Transformation of Modern Europe: States, Media and Markets 1950-2010
5834:
5498:
3395:
3040:
3025:
2860:, although it has made the shortlist for inclusion, alongside nine others, in the
2789:
2588:
is a set of guidelines for karateka to follow. These guidelines apply both in the
2187:
1919:
1915:
1766:
863:
835:
existed in the Ryukyu Kingdom period, but it is unclear whether it meant Tang hand
12168:
11541:
11536:
10940:
10479:
10439:
10361:
10349:
10314:
10057:
10052:
9469:
8984:
8941:
8936:
8891:
8886:
8816:
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6169:
5191:
3935:
3820:
3637:
3581:
stayed and Murakami left (later re-emerging as a 5th Dan Shotokai under Harada).
3521:
Outside of Bell's organisation, Charles Mack traveled to Japan and studied under
3298:
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3099:
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3017:
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1723:
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964:
504:
124:
9791:
8084:"Dragon Ball: 10 Fictional Fighting Styles That Are Actually Based On Real Ones"
7631:
Competition, Filed under; General; JKA; Shotokan; Traditional (16 August 2020).
6657:
3887:
undertake four months of martial arts training in a variety of different styles.
2440:
2167:
1892:
1855:
1737:
1715:
532:
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10429:
10324:
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10047:
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9659:
8979:
8974:
8881:
8861:
8821:
8811:
8292:
7348:
5984:"空手道を語る/大塚博紀(その1)" [Talking about Karate-do/Hironori Ōtsuka (Part 1)].
4015:
3965:
3945:
3840:
3566:
3447:
3420:
3180:
3147:
learned karate in Okinawa or Japan and then opened schools in the US. In 1945,
3048:
2931:
2777:
1786:
1582:
1522:
1328:
but rather many practitioners with their own methods. One surviving example is
1236:
496:
477:
416:
240:
152:
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8606:
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3004:
simply stated that there are as many styles as instructors in the world while
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1719:
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10087:
9511:
9483:
9253:
9087:
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8921:
8911:
8906:
8826:
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5229:
Kagoshima Prefecture Historical Records, Miscellaneous Old Records, Part 2, 4
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2511:
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2183:
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1809:
1762:
1628:
It is generally believed that today's karate is a result of the synthesis of
1518:, indicating that Ryukyuan samurai practiced these arts in the 18th century.
1494:
1240:
598:
296:
142:
9406:
9385:
8856:
8846:
6865:
A Karate Compendium: A History of Karate from Te to Z in Black Belt Magazine
5504:
5089:] (in Japanese). Ryukyu Karate-jutsu International Research Association.
3488:
3013:
2907:
1896:
1851:
1693:
1329:
1209:
524:
12066:
12041:
12008:
12003:
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11561:
11531:
11504:
11474:
11462:
11408:
11403:
11130:
10840:
10794:
10716:
10674:
10637:
10589:
10536:
10444:
10384:
10284:
10221:
10211:
10154:
9888:
9843:
9666:
9652:
9617:
9153:
7605:
7485:
Violent Entrepreneurs: The Use of Force in the Making of Russian Capitalism
4647:
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3925:
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3810:
3749:
3656:
3400:
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3314:
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Karate has grown in popularity in Africa, particularly in South Africa and
3033:
3005:
2713:
2557:
2515:
2379:
2375:
2337:
2171:
2116:
In 1933, karate was officially recognized as a Japanese martial art by the
1952:
1923:
1911:
1797:
1774:
1731:
1667:
1364:, a favored retainer of King Shō Shin, used a martial art called "karate" (
1026:
800:
799:(加羅)" and later included things deriving from China (specifically from the
555:
500:
412:
198:
138:
9413:
9203:
9178:
8926:
8916:
8831:
8173:"Shin Koyamada's Inaugural 2nd Annual United States Martial Arts Festival"
7060:
3502:, a master of multiple Japanese martial arts, who had studied Karate with
3064:
2030:, way) to karate, was also used by Funakoshi, who decided to use the name
1933:
in Japan, some karate masters gradually came to consider the name karate (
1813:
1511:
720:). However, this distinction gradually became blurred with the decline of
652:). Furthermore, in the 19th century, a Chinese-derived martial art called
11961:
11949:
11830:
11415:
11079:
10746:
10706:
10649:
10459:
10159:
10082:
9747:
9687:
9553:
9455:
9168:
9010:
8866:
7722:
7583:
7565:
4116:
3915:
3858:
3815:
3734:
3719:
3712:
3705:
3605:
3584:
In 1966, members of the former British Karate Federation established the
3511:
3480:
3310:
3286:
3259:
relocated the International Karate Association from Tokyo to California.
3226:
2971:
2955:
2903:
2721:
2717:
2693:
2502:
2431:
2222:
1476:
1215:
968:
308:
9476:
9295:
7297:"Karate in Taiwan and South Korea: A Tale of Two Postcolonial Societies"
4294:"The Centuries-Old Sport of Karate Finally Gets Its Due at the Olympics"
3518:, Scotland having attended Bell's third 'Karate Summer School' in 1961.
2676:(WKF) is the largest sport karate organization and is recognized by the
1734:. Itosu is sometimes referred to as "the Grandfather of Modern Karate."
1479:, who interviewed Ryukyuan samurai who had drifted to Tosa (present-day
1388:) to smash both legs of an assassin. This karate is thought to refer to
1296:
1208:, hand) was born and developed into karate. This theory is advocated by
1196:
remained until the early 20th century. There is a theory that from this
940:
meaning "Tang dynasty" with the character meaning "empty" took place in
480:
being turned into a puppet state by Japanese samurai in 1609, after the
11944:
11928:
11897:
11866:
11799:
11746:
11741:
11581:
11489:
11420:
11381:
11359:
10982:
10736:
10664:
10594:
10564:
10549:
10520:
10508:
10474:
10404:
10299:
10279:
10109:
9807:
9645:
9539:
9504:
9448:
9427:
8964:
8841:
7732:
5455:
Yoshimura, Jinsai (1941). "自伝武道記" [Biography of Martial Arts].
5120:
4857:
4753:
4120:
4085:
3715:
3609:
3554:
3436:
3408:
3039:
In the modern era the major four styles of karate are considered to be
2749:
1930:
1887:
Illustration depicting a match between Motobu Chōki and a foreign boxer
1754:
1537:
studied are not known for certain, but it is assumed that they studied
1351:
1255:
There are also other theories, such as that it developed from Okinawan
1046:
1030:
792:
776:
614:) claims that karate has 50 million practitioners worldwide, while the
453:
9518:
9392:
7663:"Shotokan Karate International Australia (SKIA Vic) – Karate Victoria"
5873:(in Japanese). Budo Publishing Research Institute. 1977. pp. 5–7.
5499:
International Ryukyu Karate-jutsu Research Society (15 October 2012).
3799:(2018), has led to similar growing interest in karate. The success of
3278:
Due to past conflict between Korea and Japan, most notably during the
2581:
2448:
1847:
1428:
12081:
12076:
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8851:
5745:
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3685:
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2590:
2542:
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2090:
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1220:
It is said that in 1392 a group of professional people known as the "
1067:
925:
585:
10254:
9798:
9368:
9268:
9243:
9163:
8118:"Every Martial Arts Style Neo Uses In The Matrix (Not Just Kung Fu)"
5595:
5419:] (in Japanese). Tokyo Karate Promotion Association. p. 82.
5381:] (in Japanese). Tokyo Karate Promotion Association. p. 83.
3847:
was originally inspired by the classical 16th-century Chinese novel
2143:
1324:) among the Ryukyuan samurai class. There were few formal styles of
1232:
12113:
12103:
12031:
11835:
11824:
11819:
11804:
11640:
11635:
11631:
11511:
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10379:
10289:
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10198:
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9560:
9532:
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9490:
9462:
9420:
9248:
9188:
9030:
8901:
8473:
7932:
7900:
7895:
7750:
7516:
Tomlinson, Alan; Young, Christopher; Holt, Richard (17 June 2013).
4995:
4897:] (in Japanese). Karate-jutsu Promotion Association. p. 4.
4805:
4793:] (in Japanese). Karate-jutsu Promotion Association. p. 2.
4411:"Here's how US Marines brought karate back home after World War II"
3542:
3530:
3515:
3492:
3463:
3455:
3451:
3302:
3107:
3044:
2915:
2899:
2898:
In 1924, Gichin Funakoshi, founder of Shotokan Karate, adopted the
2745:
2610:
2488:
2341:
2218:
2129:
2124:
division and title examinations were conducted by jujutsu masters.
2110:
2102:
1873:
1838:
1687:
1644:
1239:(Keichō 14, 1609), as well as the theory that it was introduced by
1225:
1063:
929:
917:
388:
9756:
9680:
9218:
5581:
4332:(in Japanese). No. September 1925. Dai Nippon Yūben Kōdansha.
3813:
appearing to reveal the moral lessons contained in every episode.
1883:
87:
12056:
11907:
11892:
11856:
11761:
11556:
11469:
11366:
11207:
11162:
11097:
11047:
10774:
10759:
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10612:
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10274:
10231:
10181:
9814:
9784:
9763:
9441:
9399:
9378:
9223:
7090:
6424:
5459:. Vol. 2–8, September. Gekkan Bunka Okinawa-sha. p. 22.
3701:
3648:
3487:
introduced Karate to England in 1956, having attended classes in
3306:
3237:
and Pat Burleson began teaching martial arts around the country.
2975:
2562:
2366:
Japanese martial arts § Philosophical and strategic concepts
2235:
2213:
2121:
2094:
1817:
1758:
1697:
1648:
1526:
1515:
1264:
1188:
911:
512:
215:
211:
9726:
9258:
7745:
in Karate. Karate is a branch of judo, but it is to judo what a
5194:[Old Ryukyuan Military and Its Historical Development].
4351:]. International Ryukyu Karate Research Society. p. 9.
3545:
Karate was also an early adopted style in the UK, introduced by
3352:
are the most prominent among Korean martial arts organizations,
3309:, and karate in the martial art that he taught which he called "
2660:. All practices vary depending upon the school and the teacher.
2481:
2436:
2371:
1286:
678:) emerged. According to Gichin Funakoshi, a distinction between
11902:
11571:
11393:
11202:
11157:
11125:
11087:
11042:
11015:
10721:
10497:
10449:
10374:
9857:
9582:
9546:
9263:
9228:
9208:
9158:
9148:
9020:
9015:
8024:"What Martial Arts Does Goku Use? (Do They Work In Real Life?)"
7736:
7310:. Taiwan Research Programme, London School of Economics: 1–16.
6748:. olympics.org International Olympic Committee. 3 August 2016.
4124:
3758:
3327:
3113:
In Canada during this same time, karate was also introduced by
2951:
2468:
2452:
2403:
2086:
1821:
1801:
1533:
1042:
9066:
8628:
6225:
6003:
3529:
who graded Mack to 1st Dan Shotokan on 4 March 1962 in Japan.
2911:
2873:
10850:
10602:
10394:
10369:
9719:
9631:
9596:
9213:
9143:
9005:
7630:
6367:
5400:] (in Japanese). Vol. 5. Daiichi Shobo. p. 410.
3824:
3364:
Karate appeared in the Soviet Union in the mid-1960s, during
3081:
2918:
system the beginner grades start with a higher numbered kyū (
2629:
2416:
2391:
2229:
2106:
2098:
1702:
1050:
788:
736:
618:
claims there are 100 million practitioners around the world.
349:
168:
6690:"Surfing and skateboarding make shortlist for 2020 Olympics"
5069:
3596:
came to England at the same time as Kanazawa, teaching at a
2704:
Sport organizations use different competition rule systems.
1192:
music, similar to karate kata. In the Okinawan countryside,
11876:
11516:
11484:
11212:
11167:
11092:
11052:
10304:
10264:
10206:
10149:
10077:
9770:
9740:
9673:
9610:
9183:
8969:
8676:
Leavold, Andrew (2017). "Goons, guts and exploding huts!".
6746:"IOC approves five new sports for Olympic Games Tokyo 2020"
6628:"IOC approves five new sports for Olympic Games Tokyo 2020"
6547:"Contender Shores Up Karate's Reputation Among U.F.C. Fans"
6394:"Technique Talk: Stephen Thompson Retrofits Karate for MMA"
3340:
2947:
2891:
2878:
2207:
2020:(now the University of Tokyo) in 1929 by adding the suffix
1742:
1671:
1256:
536:
355:
340:
64:
This article is about the martial art. For other uses, see
6341:
6111:
2340:
sparring. Because of its emphasis on physical, full-force
1696:(1831–1915) studied under Matsumura and Bushi Nagahama of
1041:
is usually translated as "the way of …". Examples include
811:(Tang hand) differ in the scope of meaning of the words.
8715:
7960:"Local dojo experiencing business boon after 'Cobra Kai'"
6662:
6631:
4983:] (in Japanese). Todai Karate Kenkyukai. p. 221.
2978:
Buddhism: "Form is emptiness, emptiness is form itself" (
2608:. This uses simple equipment made of wood and stone. The
825:
According to Gichin Funakoshi, the word pronounced karate
8204:
Kyokushin Karate Sōkan: Shin Seishin Shugi Eno Sōseiki E
7228:. The Canadian Encyclopedia – Historica-Dominion. 2010.
7148:"Love and Rebellion: How Two Karatekas Fought Apartheid"
5667:] (in Japanese). Karate-jutsu Promotion Association.
5269:] (in Japanese). Baseball Magazine Sha. p. 42.
1812:
style at that time. He later developed his own style of
1796:
styles of karate a fourth Okinawan influence is that of
1186:). The dancers danced to the accompaniment of songs and
686:
existed in the late 19th century. With the emergence of
527:(1912–1926), karate was introduced to mainland Japan by
10489:
6998:
6996:
6306:
5837:. Okinawa Karate Information Center. 8 September 2017.
3753:
that popularized the one-on-one fighting game genre in
3676:, particularly karate, during the 1960s. By the 1970s,
3533:
Karate was introduced to England in 1963 by another of
3483:, a 3rd Dan Judo instructor who had been instructed by
2232:
matches were already being held in mainland Japan, and
8703:
5099:
2886:
2687:
WKF karate competition has two disciplines: sparring (
1216:
Theory of introduction by thirty-six families from Min
822:, as Tang became a synonym for luxury imported goods.
606:
after its inclusion at the Games was supported by the
495:
The Ryukyu Kingdom had been conquered by the Japanese
11721:
7857:
All About Capcom Head-to-Head Fighting Game 1987–2000
7580:"International Association of Shotokan Karate (IASK)"
6950:(4th ed.). Japan Publications. p. 327-328.
6921:(8th ed.). Japan Publications. p. 168-169.
4292:
Magazine, Smithsonian; Tsuboike, Tony Perrottet,Jun.
2602:
Okinawan karate uses supplementary training known as
2422:
be prearranged drills in smaller groups or in pairs.
1427:
were martial artists active during the reign of King
1176:
In Okinawa there was an ancient martial dance called
337:
8680:. Australia: The LedaTape Organisation. p. 80.
6993:
6599:"5 Things You Might Not Know About Robert Whitakker"
6000:"International Traditional Karate Federation (ITKF)"
5886:
Traditional Karatedo Vol. 4 Applications of the Kata
5004:] (in Japanese). Seibundo Shinkosha. p. 6.
4814:] (in Japanese). Seibundo Shinkosha. p. 5.
4134:
3741:. The first video game to feature fist fighting was
2136:, meaning "pine wave", was Funakoshi's pen name and
1753:
returned from China after years of instruction with
1168:
352:
346:
8054:"What Martial Arts Does Goku Use in Dragon Ball Z?"
5108:] (in Japanese). Nihon University. p. 353.
4384:
3672:, there was growing mainstream Western interest in
3541:. Outside of the Shotokan stable of karate styles,
3462:, are present and well established in Italy, while
2443:
in Naihanchi-dachi, one of the basic karate stances
1824:, and Sanseiryu kata that he had studied in China.
1808:周子和 1874–1926). He was a leading figure of Chinese
1769:. Chōjun Miyagi taught such well-known karateka as
1404:master. In the 18th century, the names of Nishinda
343:
71:"Karateka" redirects here. For the video game, see
8522:"Wesley Snipes: Action man courts a new beginning"
8264:Hiroyuki Sanada: "Promises" for Peace Through Film
7515:
6545:
6027:Traditional Karatedo Vol. 1 Fundamental Techniques
5732:仲宗根, 源和, 1895-1978 (1938). Nakasone, Genwa (ed.).
5731:
5588:Persons at the Time of the Abolition of the Domain
5432:Traditional Karatedo Vol. 1 Fundamental Techniques
5235:(in Japanese). Kagoshima Prefecture. p. 414.
4196:Traditional Karatedo Vol. 1 Fundamental Techniques
3692:) had formed a mainstream genre and launched the "
1483:), there is a description of a martial art called
1316:Karate began as a common fighting system known as
8368:
7211:(4). this issue is not available as a back issue.
6888:"The meeting that changed Karate history forever"
6857:
6855:
6838:(4th ed.). Japan Publications. p. 315.
6193:
6191:
5629:] (in Japanese). Sankei Shuppan. p. 109.
5392:Higashionna, Kanjun (1978). Ryukyu Shimpo (ed.).
5261:Gima, Shinkin; Fujiwara, Ryozo (1 October 1986).
5180:The original text is in Chinese, "専積刀剣弓矢以為護国之利器."
4343:Miyagi, Chojun (1993) . McCarthy, Patrick (ed.).
4217:
4215:
2926:(holders of dan/rank). Yudansha typically wear a
731:began to be taught in public schools in Okinawa,
476:brought their techniques to Okinawa. Despite the
12160:
7798:"10 Best Martial Arts Movies Of The 80s, Ranked"
6450:
5823:] (in Japanese). Sankei Shuppan. p. 57.
5423:
5129:] (in Japanese). Bukyōsha. pp. 21, 22.
5035:] (in Japanese). Sankei Shuppan. p. 56.
4683:] (in Japanese). Sankei Shuppan. p. 55.
4600:
4598:
4596:
2496:has several variants. Knockdown karate (such as
2270:In pre–World War II Okinawa, karateka practiced
2016:), which was already used by the karate club of
1643:Early styles of karate are often generalized as
1243:(Okinawan: Kūsankū) based on the description in
579:in a generic way to refer to all striking-based
7347:. Tangsudo.com. 18 October 2011. Archived from
5804:] (in Japanese). Tokyo Kōbundō. p. 33.
2708:rules are used by the WKF, WUKO, IASK and WKC.
2233:
2077:around the beginning of the 20th century. The "
1443:was also good at wooden sword (swordsmanship).
1005:Another nominal development is the addition of
404:
11314:
8376:"genbu-kai.com is for sale | HugeDomains"
7556:
7554:
7552:
7550:
7548:
7546:
6852:
6188:
5864:
5862:
5860:
5858:
5856:
5740:] (in Japanese). Tokyo Tosho. p. 64.
4656:] (PhD thesis) (in Japanese). p. 16.
4212:
3643:
2942:. Speed and power are added at higher grades.
2242:
2035:
2025:
1993:
1961:
1934:
1621:), and gradually faded away as it merged with
1598:
1558:
1548:
1505:
1488:
1365:
1355:
1304:
1181:
1057:
1016:
1010:
979:
955:
945:
904:
878:
848:
838:
828:
744:
566:("empty hand") – both of which are pronounced
560:
548:
486:
462:
456:techniques. A karate practitioner is called a
429:
398:
324:
111:
11707:
11300:
9873:
9311:
8731:
7295:Orr, Monty; Amae, Yoshihisa (December 2016).
7220:
7218:
6539:
6537:
6535:
6226:"WUKF – World Union of Karate-Do Federations"
5614:
5470:Motobu, Choki (2020) . Quast, Andreas (ed.).
5344:Motobu, Choki (2020) . Quast, Andreas (ed.).
5315:Motobu, Choki (2020) . Quast, Andreas (ed.).
5196:Ryukyu Asiatic Studies of Society and Culture
4845:] (in Japanese). Tokyo Tosho. p. 64.
4700:. Japan: Kodansha International. p. 24.
4593:
870:in everyday conversation until World War II.
8653:. Articles.chicagotribune.com. 15 May 1986.
8651:"'Ninja' Knockin' Em Dead – Chicago Tribune"
6868:. Active Interest Media, Inc. pp. 18–19
6543:
6272:
5871:Dialogue Collection: Talking about Karate-do
5758:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
5671:
5260:
5065:
5063:
5061:
4464:
4310:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4291:
3737:grew in popularity, so did Karate in arcade
3252:was sent to New Orleans by the JKA in 1963.
3117:who had studied in Japan in the 1940s under
2480:, a form of full-contact karate fought with
1412:, and Chōken Makabe are known as masters of
503:since 1609, but was formally annexed to the
7543:
6578:
6386:
5853:
5391:
5054:] (in Japanese). Kodansha. p. 232.
4762:] (in Japanese). Bukyōsha. p. 20.
4189:
4187:
3592:as chief instructor and affiliated to JKA.
3028:believed that was just a wrong perception.
2727:
2701:one federation or association per country.
2484:, one of the competition formats for kumite
2285:stated, "There are no contests in karate."
2248:
2081:" in "karate-dō" sets it apart from karate-
2041:
1999:
1967:
1940:
1604:
1564:
1451:
1371:
1333:
985:
884:
750:
703:
661:
635:
23:
11714:
11700:
11307:
11293:
9880:
9866:
9318:
9304:
8738:
8724:
8195:
7731:(1959, p.91–95) describes the protagonist
7215:
6532:
6475:
6073:
6071:
5776:
5762:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
5704:
5686:] (in Japanese). Kōbukan. p. 75.
5665:Okinawa Kenpō Karate-jutsu: Kumite Edition
5590:] (in Japanese). Shō Kyū. p. 72.
5160:]. Nippon Budokan. pp. 139, 140.
4974:
4866:] (in Japanese). Bukyōsha. p. 2.
4323:
4321:
3767:, featuring multiple Karateka characters.
3640:became Australia's first Karate Olympian.
2946:new rank (shinsa) and may include basics,
1872:In May 1922, Gichin Funakoshi (founder of
197:
24:
9325:
7463:. Active Interest Media, Inc. 1 July 1979
7373:. Active Interest Media, Inc. 1 June 1979
7175:"Graphic Sports: Issue 624 May 6–12 1997"
7031:"All Karate Styles and Their Differences"
6420:"Lyoto Machida and the Revenge of Karate"
6200:"Which Kind of Karate Has Olympic Chops?"
6077:
5814:
5795:
5639:
5620:
5454:
5267:Dialogue: The History of Modern Karate-do
5145:
5118:
5058:
5026:
5002:The Way and the Art: A Dictionary of Judo
4895:Okinawa Kenpō Karate-jutsu Kumite Edition
4855:
4812:The Way and the Art: A Dictionary of Judo
4791:Okinawa Kenpō Karate-jutsu Kumite Edition
4751:
4693:
4674:
4645:
4604:
4127:come from a range of other martial arts.
2882:Karatekas wearing different colored belts
2552:) or be stopped for referee judgment. In
2541:and in some rare cases even time-limited
2389:Karate training is commonly divided into
1800:(1877–1948). At the age of 20 he went to
1761:. One of his students was the founder of
1360:, established around 1745) mentions that
1066:instead of Chinese characters, mainly by
180:Indigenous martial arts of Ryukyu Islands
7425:
7281:The Original Martial Arts Encyclopedia,
7194:
7192:
7145:
7123:. Sportsauthority.com.gh. Archived from
6611:
6049:
6024:
5883:
5429:
5398:The Complete Works of Kanjun Higashionna
5100:Shimakura, Ryuji; Majikina Anko (1923).
4836:
4741:] (in Japanese). CHAMP. p. 133.
4732:
4516:
4327:
4193:
4184:
3647:
3394:
2885:
2877:
2807:
2472:
2435:
2142:
1882:
1837:
1736:
1661:
1285:
1267:, which had been introduced from Japan.
954:(1869–1945). In mainland Japan, karate (
32:This is an accepted version of this page
10872:
8675:
8206:. Aikēōshuppanjigyōkyoku: 62–64. 2001.
8111:
8109:
8051:
8017:
8015:
7850:
7795:
7392:Risch, William Jay (17 December 2014).
7294:
6581:"Gunnar Nelson in the Style of Iceland"
6197:
6068:
5963:. Kodansha International. p. 113.
5958:
5938:. Kodansha International. p. 111.
5933:
5913:. Kodansha International. p. 111.
5908:
5777:Miki, Jisaburō; Takada, Mizuho (1930).
4975:Miki, Jisaburo; Takada, Mizuho (1930).
4491:
4318:
3879:part of the preparation for the movie,
3498:in Paris. Yoseikan had been founded by
2319:Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers
2279:competitions were introduced to Japan.
1541:and other styles from Fujian Province.
14:
12161:
8450:from the original on 25 September 2014
8421:Black Belt Magazine March, 1994, p. 24
8115:
8047:
8045:
7928:"Jaden Smith Shines in The Karate Kid"
7481:
7198:
7172:
7095:World Karate Martial Arts Organization
6970:
6796:
6198:Warnock, Eleanor (25 September 2015).
5678:空手研究社 (1934). Karate Kenkyusha (ed.).
5658:
5564:
5469:
5410:
5372:
5343:
5314:
5289:
5189:
5080:
4993:
4888:
4803:
4784:
4575:"WKF claims 100 million practitioners"
4496:. Kodansha International. p. 13.
4439:
4389:. Kodansha International. p. 60.
4342:
4287:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4275:
4273:
4271:
4247:
2594:(training hall) and in everyday life.
1865:in Kyoto, which was also witnessed by
1281:
997:without anything in the hands or fists
818:/karate may have been used instead of
387:
12148:International World Games Association
11695:
11288:
10871:
9932:
9861:
9346:List of koryū schools of martial arts
9299:
9103:World University Karate Championships
8719:
8330:from the original on 29 November 2010
7764:
7391:
7189:
7101:from the original on 10 December 2023
6941:
6912:
6861:
6829:
6583:. Vice Fightland Blog. Archived from
6451:Lead MMA Analyst (14 February 2014).
6432:from the original on 27 February 2010
6276:The South African Dictionary of Sport
5841:from the original on 19 December 2023
5835:"The declaration of the "Karate Day""
5677:
5602:from the original on 18 December 2023
5242:from the original on 31 December 2023
5202:from the original on 31 December 2023
5151:
5133:from the original on 31 December 2023
5045:
4934:"空手座談会" [Karate Roundtable].
4901:
4870:from the original on 31 December 2023
4766:from the original on 31 December 2023
4375:was a synonym for "China" in Okinawa.
4336:
4252:. A & C Black. pp. 153–166.
3827:) whose characters use a variety and
3809:is an animated children's show, with
2518:and points are awarded by a referee.
367:
8582:"Martial arts biography – jim kelly"
8106:
8012:
7940:from the original on 16 October 2010
7154:from the original on 20 January 2019
7065:World Union of Karate-do Federations
7002:
5815:Funakoshi, Gichin (1 October 1956).
5621:Funakoshi, Gichin (1 October 1956).
5027:Funakoshi, Gichin (1 October 1956).
4911:. Newpaltzkarate.com. Archived from
4675:Funakoshi, Gichin (1 October 1956).
4577:. Thekisontheway.com. Archived from
2796:has been successful as coach with a
2732:Karate, although not widely used in
1589:was spread by Sakugawa, traditional
612:Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs
440:in Okinawan) under the influence of
8669:
8042:
7990:"The Martial Arts of Dragon Ball Z"
7838:from the original on 22 August 2019
7796:Francis, Anthony (7 October 2020).
7232:from the original on 29 August 2014
6801:. Okinawa: Ozata Print. p. 20.
6778:from the original on 19 August 2022
6774:. Inside the Games. 3 August 2022.
6696:. 28 September 2015. Archived from
6544:Schneiderman, R. M. (23 May 2009).
6481:
6342:"World Koshiki Karatedo Federation"
6080:"Tom Lapuppet, Views of a Champion"
5579:
4956:from the original on 3 January 2024
4613:] (in Japanese). Tokyo Kōbundō.
4268:
3696:" which propelled karate and other
3569:gave the first JKA demo at the old
3350:International Taekwon-Do Federation
3143:After World War II, members of the
2958:(breaking), and kumite (sparring).
2856:Karate will not be included in the
2370:Karate can be practiced as an art (
56:
9933:
8288:"Celebrity Fitness—Dolph Lundgren"
8226:
8183:from the original on 25 March 2023
7426:Hoberman, John M. (30 June 2014).
7121:"National Sports Authority, Ghana"
6832:"21. Schools and Formal Exercises"
6726:from the original on 24 March 2020
6520:from the original on 16 March 2017
6463:from the original on 14 March 2014
6453:"Lyoto Machida: Old-School Karate"
6396:. MMA Fighting. 18 February 2012.
6348:from the original on 26 March 2010
6307:Adam Gibson; Bill Wallace (2004).
6232:from the original on 13 March 2013
6206:from the original on 27 March 2022
6176:from the original on 27 March 2019
5106:A Thousand Year History of Okinawa
5008:from the original on 14 March 2024
4818:from the original on 14 March 2024
4714:from the original on 27 March 2022
4635:from the original on 17 March 2024
3204:California Institute of Technology
2867:
1773:(who also trained with Higaonna),
1212:and his student Gichin Funakoshi.
963:In 1929 the Karate Study Group of
57:
12200:
11723:Sports of the World Games program
10800:Marine Corps Martial Arts Program
9128:Karate World Championships Junior
8697:
8356:from the original on 28 July 2017
8270:, Retrieved on 21 November 2011.
7970:from the original on 8 March 2021
7582:. Karate-iask.com. Archived from
7482:Volkov, Vadim (4 February 2016).
7304:Taiwan in Comparative Perspective
7250:
6374:from the original on 12 June 2010
6279:. New Africa Books. p. 163.
5796:Funakoshi, Gichin (25 May 1935).
4843:A Comprehensive View of Karate-dō
4646:Zacharski, Andrzej Jerzy (2019).
4605:Funakoshi, Gichin (25 May 1935).
4555:from the original on 13 June 2010
4469:. Csc.sagepub.com. Archived from
4421:from the original on 2 March 2021
4387:Comprehensive Asian Fighting Arts
3549:, a 6th Dan at the time in 1964.
3469:
3195:all began instructing in the US.
2344:, Kyokushin is now often called "
1250:
1056:Since the 1980s the term karate (
1021:) to the end of the word karate.
61:Japanese and Okinawan martial art
12138:
12137:
11315:
11268:
11258:
10765:Historical European martial arts
9887:
9838:
9829:
9828:
9279:
8643:
8617:
8600:
8574:
8544:
8532:from the original on 7 June 2010
8514:
8488:
8462:
8436:
8412:
8386:
8342:
8320:"Talking With…Michael Jai White"
8312:
8280:
8257:
8220:
8165:
8153:from the original on 13 May 2023
8135:
8094:from the original on 27 May 2023
8076:
8064:from the original on 27 May 2023
8030:from the original on 27 May 2023
8021:
8000:from the original on 27 May 2023
7982:
7952:
7920:
7908:from the original on 15 May 2009
7888:
7862:
7820:
7789:
7758:
7715:
7703:from the original on 13 May 2023
7685:
7673:from the original on 21 May 2023
7655:
7643:from the original on 21 May 2023
7624:
7612:from the original on 21 May 2023
7598:
7572:
7509:
7475:
7453:
7419:
7385:
7363:
7337:
7288:
7275:
7263:from the original on 29 May 2018
7253:"About Grandmaster Robert Trias"
7244:
7166:
7139:
7113:
7083:
7053:
7041:from the original on 5 July 2022
7023:
6964:
6935:
6906:
6880:
6823:
6814:
6805:
6790:
6764:
6752:from the original on 3 June 2020
6738:
6712:
6670:from the original on 5 June 2021
6638:from the original on 3 June 2020
6118:from the original on 19 May 2010
5888:. Minato Research. p. 135.
5527:The Untold Story of Kanbun Uechi
5294:. A & C Black. p. 154.
5190:Uezato, Takashi (October 2002).
4465:Gary J. Krug (1 November 2001).
4137:
3213:In the 1960s, Anthony Mirakian,
3132:
2803:
2545:on the ground are also allowed.
2328:was formally founded in 1957 by
2120:, but initially belonged to the
1960:) undesirable. The name karate (
791:for the character "唐" (tō/とう in
421:indigenous Ryukyuan martial arts
333:
161:
86:
11269:
9351:Professional wrestling in Japan
8657:from the original on 3 May 2011
7832:Ultimate History of Video games
7808:from the original on 7 May 2023
7146:Resnekov, Liam (16 July 2014).
7071:from the original on 1 May 2024
6894:from the original on 2 May 2024
6682:
6650:
6620:
6605:
6601:. sherdog.com. 8 February 2019.
6591:
6572:
6560:from the original on 7 May 2013
6506:
6444:
6412:
6400:from the original on 2 May 2014
6360:
6334:
6300:
6266:
6244:
6218:
6162:
6130:
6104:
6054:. A & C Black. p. 25.
6043:
6018:
5992:
5977:
5952:
5927:
5902:
5877:
5827:
5808:
5789:
5770:
5725:
5698:
5652:
5633:
5573:
5558:
5532:
5519:
5501:"Patrick McCarthy, footnote #4"
5492:
5463:
5448:
5404:
5385:
5366:
5337:
5308:
5283:
5254:
5214:
5183:
5174:
5112:
5093:
5074:
5039:
5020:
4987:
4968:
4942:
4938:(in Japanese). 27 October 1936.
4927:
4882:
4849:
4830:
4797:
4778:
4745:
4726:
4687:
4668:
4649:「近代沖縄空手の現状と課題」: 空手家たちの目指す空手の精神性
4639:
4629:Wiktionary, the free dictionary
4617:
4567:
4535:
4510:
4485:
4458:
4433:
3374:dissolution of the Soviet Union
3359:
3334:system. The original taekwondo
2980:shiki zokuze kū kū zokuze shiki
2822:International Olympic Committee
2678:International Olympic Committee
2597:
1792:In addition to the three early
1395:
608:International Olympic Committee
8116:Hutton, Robert (2 July 2022).
7562:"Exclusive: UK Karate History"
7177:. Graphic Communications Group
6944:"25. Karate Future's Progress"
6915:"11. New Directions in Karate"
6799:100 Masters of Okinawan Karate
5648:] (in Japanese). Bukyōsha.
5567:100 Masters of Okinawan Karate
5542:. 1 March 2009. Archived from
4442:Okinawan Karate Second Edition
4403:
4378:
4365:
4241:
4225:. 2 March 2009. Archived from
4107:Many other film stars such as
3379:
1757:and founded what would become
1553:It is not known when the name
1431:(reigned 1713–1751). Nishinda
924:The first documented use of a
899:) along with karate. The word
767:) in the Japanese style. Both
610:. Web Japan (sponsored by the
596:have established rules called
472:Beginning in the 1300s, early
313:1981 – present
208:Karate World Championship 2006
13:
1:
12179:History of Okinawa Prefecture
9341:List of Japanese martial arts
9123:Karate at the Summer Olympics
9118:European Karate Championships
7432:. University of Texas Press.
7285:and Emil Farkas, pgs. 170–197
7205:Journal of Asian Martial Arts
6516:. mmamicks.com. 8 June 2015.
6170:"The Global Allure of Karate"
4837:Nakasone, Genwa, ed. (1938).
4178:
4168:Karate at the Summer Olympics
3835:styles, including Karate and
3819:(1984–present) is a Japanese
3586:Karate Union of Great Britain
2961:
2902:system from the judo founder
2832:. Karate also debuted at the
2148:
1745:before the war; (before 1946)
1435:was good at spear as well as
1263:) or that it originated from
96:
8350:"Yasuaki Kurata Filmography"
8266:. Ezine.kungfumagazine.com.
7697:Australian Olympic Committee
7488:. Cornell University Press.
7429:Sport and Political Ideology
6722:. Olympic.org. 1 June 2016.
6579:Dan Shapiro (17 July 2014).
6254:. September 1992. p. 31
6112:"World Karate Confederation"
6078:Goldstein, Gary (May 1982).
5198:(in Japanese) (5): 105–128.
4385:Draeger & Smith (1969).
4223:"History of Okinawan Karate"
3892:Film stars and their styles
3855:Hong Kong martial arts films
3853:, combined with elements of
3630:Australian Karate Federation
3623:
3476:Karate in the United Kingdom
3280:Japanese occupation of Korea
2894:with different colored belts
2324:A new form of karate called
2200:Okinawa Prefectural Assembly
2147:Masters of karate in Tokyo (
1666:Karate training in front of
1222:Thirty-six families from Min
950:) written in August 1905 by
621:
546:, the name was changed from
95:, an Okinawan karate master
7:
8470:"Yukari Oshima's Biography"
7564:. Bushinkai. Archived from
6514:"Who is Michelle Waterson?"
4153:Comparison of karate styles
4130:
3644:In film and popular culture
3139:Karate in the United States
3123:National Karate Association
3087:
2992:Comparison of karate styles
2816:in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
2682:National Olympic Committees
2569:
2510:is free or structured with
2355:
2234:
1984:) had already been used by
1682:(1809–1899) began teaching
1549:19th and early 20th century
1169:Theory of development from
405:
10:
12205:
9108:Asian Karate Championships
9098:Karate World Championships
8745:
7173:Aggrey, Joe (6 May 1997).
6973:"Chapter-1.1 Basic Karate"
6942:Ōyama, Masutatsu (1984) .
6913:Ōyama, Masutatsu (1974) .
6830:Ōyama, Masutatsu (1984) .
6797:Hokama, Tetsuhiro (2005).
6052:Winning Karate Competition
5640:Funakoshi, Gichin (1922).
5569:. Ozata Print. p. 28.
5565:Hokama, Tetsuhiro (2005).
5525:Fujimoto, Keisuke (2017).
5476:My Art and Skill of Karate
5350:My Art and Skill of Karate
5321:My Art and Skill of Karate
5119:Funakoshi, Gichin (1922).
5052:My Karate Studies Everyday
4856:Funakoshi, Gichin (1922).
4752:Funakoshi, Gichin (1922).
4694:Funakoshi, Gishin (1988).
4517:Nagamine, Shoshin (1976).
4163:Karate World Championships
3615:
3473:
3466:remains the most popular.
3383:
3346:World Taekwondo Federation
3271:
3229:, Gosei Yamaguchi (son of
3208:Shotokan Karate of America
3136:
2989:
2970:Funakoshi quoted from the
2954:, self-defense, routines,
2871:
2834:2018 Summer Youth Olympics
2826:karate as an Olympic sport
2814:2018 Summer Youth Olympics
2812:Bronze medal match at the
2770:American Free Style Karate
2636:. Sport Karate emphasizes
2573:
2466:
2429:
2414:
2395:(basics or fundamentals),
2359:
2336:, physical toughness, and
1854:and Chōfu Kyan (father of
1831:
1274:
1270:
1155:
542:In this era of escalating
70:
63:
12184:Mixed martial arts styles
12143:Sports at the World Games
12133:
12096:
12019:
11937:
11916:
11885:
11849:
11787:
11730:Artistic and dance sports
11729:
11669:
11619:
11327:
11254:
11191:
11146:
11076:
11031:
10961:
10882:
10878:
10867:
10813:
10745:
10683:
10588:
10530:
10488:
10360:
10245:
10197:
10140:
10023:
9943:
9939:
9928:
9895:
9824:
9704:
9570:
9366:
9333:
9277:
9136:
9113:Karate at the Asian Games
9093:Karate at the World Games
9080:
9044:
8998:
8950:
8797:
8771:
8753:
8052:Gerardo (19 April 2021).
7539:– via Google Books.
7505:– via Google Books.
7471:– via Google Books.
7449:– via Google Books.
7415:– via Google Books.
7381:– via Google Books.
7185:– via Google Books.
7006:The Essential Karate Book
6862:Pruim, Andy (June 1990).
5046:Ōyama, Masutatsu (1980).
4173:Karate at the World Games
3718:(1953–present), the main
3430:
3390:
3338:were identical to karate
3274:Korea under Japanese rule
3092:
3075:
2985:
2720:and other organizations.
2462:
2243:
2053:the way of the empty hand
2036:
2026:
2018:Tokyo Imperial University
1994:
1962:
1935:
1599:
1559:
1506:
1489:
1366:
1356:
1305:
1182:
1160:
1127:
1116:
1101:
1093:
1058:
1017:
1011:
980:
956:
946:
905:
879:
849:
839:
829:
795:) which is derived from "
745:
561:
549:
487:
463:
430:
399:
325:
307:
295:
287:
282:
274:
264:
256:
251:
236:
223:
218:; men's heavyweight final
196:
175:
148:
130:
120:
112:
106:
85:
8709:5 September 2008 at the
8678:The Search for Weng Weng
8625:"Matt Mullins Biography"
8274:12 November 2013 at the
6971:Mishra, Tamanna (2020).
6484:"Montreal's MMA Warrior"
6050:Mitchell, David (1991).
6025:Higaonna, Morio (1985).
5884:Higaonna, Morio (1990).
5430:Higaonna, Morio (1985).
4733:Higaonna, Morio (2001).
4194:Higaonna, Morio (1985).
3784:The Karate Kid, Part III
3527:Japan Karate Association
3442:
3321:under the leadership of
3267:
3246:Japan Karate Association
3155:in the United States in
3070:
2974:, which is prominent in
2728:Mixed Martial Arts (MMA)
2663:
2614:is a striking post. The
2410:
2011:the way of the Tang hand
1827:
1593:became distinguished as
419:. It developed from the
39:latest accepted revision
11737:Artistic roller skating
10997:Former official sports
10425:Northern Praying Mantis
10000:Mainland Southeast Asia
8704:World Karate Federation
8528:. London. 4 June 2010.
7896:"The Karate Generation"
7765:Polly, Matthew (2019).
6612:Kavanagh, John (2016).
5959:Shigeru, Egami (1976).
5934:Shigeru, Egami (1976).
5909:Shigeru, Egami (1976).
5152:Kinjo, Hiroshi (2011).
5081:Miyagi, Chojun (1934).
4735:剛柔流空手道史:二大拳聖 東恩納寛量 宮城長順
4492:Shigeru, Egami (1976).
4349:An Outline of Karate-Do
3986:Don "The Dragon" Wilson
3833:east Asian martial arts
3778:The Karate Kid, Part II
3775:(1984) and its sequels
3301:, Lee had incorporated
3293:. Having studied under
3262:
2674:World Karate Federation
2508:World Karate Federation
2425:
2154:), from left to right,
1510:), along with Japanese
1200:with martial elements,
694:also came to be called
616:World Karate Federation
474:Chinese martial artists
365:Japanese pronunciation:
231:World Karate Federation
66:Karate (disambiguation)
10836:Professional wrestling
10503:Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu
9590:Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu
8229:"Hanshi's Corner 1106"
8022:Arts, Way of Martial.
7251:Harty, Sensei Thomas.
7150:. Fightland.vice.com.
5659:Motobu, Chōki (1926).
5540:"Kanbun Uechi history"
5472:Watashi no Karatejutsu
5411:Motobu, Chōki (1932).
5373:Motobu, Chōki (1932).
5346:Watashi no Karatejutsu
5317:Watashi no Karatejutsu
4994:Mifune, Kyuzo (1958).
4889:Motobu, Chōki (1926).
4804:Mifune, Kyuzo (1958).
4785:Motobu, Chōki (1926).
4521:. Tuttle. p. 47.
4494:The Heart of Karate-Do
4444:. Tuttle. p. 11.
3660:
3403:
3244:, a co-founder of the
3145:United States military
2895:
2883:
2817:
2521:In structured kumite (
2485:
2444:
2178:
2174:, Genwa Nakasone, and
2089:is distinguished from
1888:
1843:
1746:
1675:
1521:In 1609, the Japanese
1291:
1062:) has been written in
288:Country or region
12189:Summer Olympic sports
12174:Japanese martial arts
11681:Winter Olympic sports
11609:Greco-Roman wrestling
11321:Summer Olympic sports
10932:Demonstration sports
9834:Japanese martial arts
9327:Japanese martial arts
8784:Okinawan martial arts
8779:Japanese martial arts
8627:. n.d. Archived from
8498:. n.d. Archived from
8396:. n.d. Archived from
8394:"Martial Arts Legend"
8382:on 28 September 2009.
7667:karatevictoria.com.au
7009:. Tuttle. p. 6.
7003:Lund, Graeme (2015).
6616:. Penguin. p. 6.
6368:"Shinkaratedo Renmei"
6273:Joel Alswang (2003).
6090:Active Interest Media
5961:The Heart of Karatedo
5936:The Heart of Karatedo
5911:The Heart of Karatedo
5783:Introduction to Kenpō
5457:Monthly Bunka Okinawa
5290:Bishop, Mark (1989).
5158:From Karate to Karate
5087:Overview of Karate-dō
4440:Bishop, Mark (1999).
4248:Bishop, Mark (1989).
4158:Japanese martial arts
4036:Jean-Claude Van Damme
3857:, with influences of
3674:Japanese martial arts
3651:
3398:
3317:'s order, and became
3159:, a Shuri-ryū karate
2889:
2881:
2811:
2778:American Kenpo Karate
2476:
2439:
2146:
2118:Dai Nippon Butoku Kai
1886:
1841:
1740:
1665:
1289:
1277:Okinawan martial arts
690:, it is thought that
73:Karateka (video game)
12020:Past official sports
11999:Competition climbing
11982:Speed roller skating
11752:Acrobatic gymnastics
11620:Discretionary sports
11192:Martial arts at the
11147:Martial arts at the
11077:Martial arts at the
11032:Martial arts at the
11012:Invitational sports
10962:Martial arts at the
10883:Martial arts at the
10805:Pencak Silat Harimau
10643:Pencak Silat Harimau
10575:Submission wrestling
10280:Luta Livre esportiva
8897:Shōrinjiryū Kenkōkan
8789:Chinese martial arts
8758:Comparison of styles
8611:5 March 2013 at the
8400:on 29 September 2013
7904:. 18 February 2010.
7568:on 23 February 2014.
6587:on 14 February 2020.
4298:Smithsonian Magazine
3747:in 1976, but it was
3634:2020 Summer Olympics
3571:Kensington Town Hall
3399:Karate movements in
3165:William J. Dometrich
2862:2028 Summer Olympics
2830:2020 Summer Olympics
2820:In August 2016, the
2217:—mostly called just
2065:suffix implies that
1816:karate based on the
1468:), as he was like a
1463:little fighting cock
1085:15th – 18th century
604:2020 Summer Olympics
554:("Chinese hand" or "
442:Chinese martial arts
184:Chinese martial arts
12097:Invitational sports
11767:Rhythmic gymnastics
11604:Freestyle wrestling
11500:Rhythmic gymnastics
11495:Artistic gymnastics
10873:International games
10555:Full contact karate
10545:Professional boxing
10260:Brazilian jiu-jitsu
8552:"Why is he famous?"
8502:on 3 September 2015
8300:on 29 November 2010
8236:Midori Yama Budokai
8179:. 1 November 2011.
8147:www.whoaisnotme.net
7966:. 11 January 2021.
7828:"Heavyweight Champ"
7398:. Lexington Books.
7351:on 10 December 2014
7199:Robert, T. (2006).
7035:Way of Martial Arts
6228:. Wukf-karate.org.
6085:Black Belt Magazine
5986:Monthly Budo Shūdan
5646:Ryūkyū Kenpō Karate
5127:Ryūkyū Kenpō Karate
4950:"季節の話題:10月25日 空手の日"
4915:on 10 December 2004
4909:"What's In A Name?"
4864:Ryūkyū Kenpō Karate
4760:Ryūkyū Kenpō Karate
4473:on 17 February 2008
4345:Karate-doh Gaisetsu
4145:Martial arts portal
3893:
3868:In the film series
3850:Journey to the West
3790:The Next Karate Kid
3670:1964 Tokyo Olympics
3024:'s teachings); but
2710:Full contact karate
2634:muscle coordination
2494:Full contact karate
2346:full contact karate
2260:free-style practice
2162:, Takeshi Shimoda,
2058:) in the same way.
1869:(founder of judo).
1282:15th–17th centuries
1231:There is also the "
1081:
573:martial arts movies
544:Japanese militarism
499:and had become its
226:governing body
193:
82:
29:Page version status
11757:Aerobic gymnastics
11035:Pan American Games
10712:Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu
10623:Jieitaikakutōjutsu
10560:Mixed martial arts
9604:Jieitaikakutōjutsu
9204:Nijūshiho/Niseishi
8245:on 18 January 2012
7876:on 5 December 1998
7773:Simon and Schuster
7739:' in these terms:
7257:suncoastkarate.com
6553:The New York Times
6370:. Shinkarate.net.
6313:. Human Kinetics.
6310:Competitive Karate
6172:. 2 January 2017.
6150:on 7 November 2011
6006:on 4 December 2010
5507:on 30 January 2014
4662:20.500.12000/44338
4519:Okinawan Karate-do
3891:
3757:in 1984. In 1987,
3731:martial arts genre
3698:Asian martial arts
3678:martial arts films
3661:
3573:on 21 April 1965.
3523:Masatoshi Nakayama
3425:Hidetaka Nishiyama
3404:
3242:Hidetaka Nishiyama
3173:Cecil T. Patterson
3016:'s teachings) and
2940:motor coordination
2896:
2884:
2858:2024 Olympic Games
2818:
2734:mixed martial arts
2642:anaerobic exercise
2486:
2445:
2179:
1891:In November 1922,
1889:
1844:
1747:
1678:Around the 1820s,
1676:
1539:Fujian White Crane
1514:swordsmanship and
1345:Motobu Palace Hand
1292:
1077:
727:Around 1905, when
583:. Karate schools (
581:Asian martial arts
509:Okinawa Prefecture
482:Invasion of Ryukyu
191:
157:Okinawa prefecture
80:
35:
12156:
12155:
11689:
11688:
11677:Paralympic sports
11522:Modern pentathlon
11350:Marathon Swimming
11282:
11281:
11250:
11249:
11246:
11245:
10863:
10862:
10859:
10858:
10826:Martial arts film
9855:
9854:
9695:Zero Range Combat
9293:
9292:
9286:The Karate Portal
9194:Kūsankū/Kanku-dai
8588:on 29 August 2013
8476:on 28 August 2012
7782:978-1-5011-8763-6
7768:Bruce Lee: A Life
7325:on 11 August 2017
6700:on 13 August 2016
6138:"Activity Report"
5580:Shō, Kyū (1915).
4528:978-0-8048-2110-0
4451:978-0-8048-3205-2
4415:We Are The Mighty
4396:978-0-87011-436-6
4104:
4103:
4090:Shindō jinen-ryū
4066:Tadashi Yamashita
3956:Michael Jai White
3744:Heavyweight Champ
3666:inclusion of judo
3590:Hirokazu Kanazawa
3575:Hirokazu Kanazawa
3559:Hirokazu Kanazawa
3417:Hirokazu Kanazawa
3366:Nikita Khrushchev
3235:Michael G. Foster
3185:Donald Hugh Nagle
3151:opened the first
2968:Karate-Do Kyohan,
2936:Equilibrioception
2828:beginning at the
2762:Michelle Waterson
2754:Georges St-Pierre
2658:stress management
2132:after this dōjō.
1929:With the rise of
1700:. He created the
1659:from the others.
1153:
1152:
1070:Karate (founder:
938:Chinese character
936:by replacing the
921:(swordsmanship).
866:, who still used
415:developed in the
386:
317:
316:
189:
188:
149:Country of origin
47:17 September 2024
26:
16:(Redirected from
12196:
12141:
12140:
12120:Wheelchair rugby
12037:Beach volleyball
11898:Billiards sports
11886:Precision sports
11716:
11709:
11702:
11693:
11692:
11587:Beach volleyball
11328:Mandatory sports
11319:
11309:
11302:
11295:
11286:
11285:
11272:
11271:
11262:
10880:
10879:
10869:
10868:
9941:
9940:
9930:
9929:
9882:
9875:
9868:
9859:
9858:
9842:
9832:
9831:
9320:
9313:
9306:
9297:
9296:
9283:
8999:Training methods
8877:Shindo Jinen Ryu
8740:
8733:
8726:
8717:
8716:
8692:
8691:
8673:
8667:
8666:
8664:
8662:
8647:
8641:
8640:
8638:
8636:
8621:
8615:
8604:
8598:
8597:
8595:
8593:
8584:. Archived from
8578:
8572:
8571:
8569:
8567:
8558:. Archived from
8548:
8542:
8541:
8539:
8537:
8518:
8512:
8511:
8509:
8507:
8492:
8486:
8485:
8483:
8481:
8472:. Archived from
8466:
8460:
8459:
8457:
8455:
8440:
8434:
8433:
8431:
8429:
8416:
8410:
8409:
8407:
8405:
8390:
8384:
8383:
8378:. Archived from
8372:
8366:
8365:
8363:
8361:
8346:
8340:
8339:
8337:
8335:
8316:
8310:
8309:
8307:
8305:
8296:. Archived from
8284:
8278:
8268:Kung Fu Magazine
8261:
8255:
8254:
8252:
8250:
8244:
8238:. Archived from
8233:
8224:
8218:
8217:
8199:
8193:
8192:
8190:
8188:
8169:
8163:
8162:
8160:
8158:
8139:
8133:
8132:
8130:
8128:
8113:
8104:
8103:
8101:
8099:
8080:
8074:
8073:
8071:
8069:
8049:
8040:
8039:
8037:
8035:
8019:
8010:
8009:
8007:
8005:
7986:
7980:
7979:
7977:
7975:
7956:
7950:
7949:
7947:
7945:
7936:. 10 June 2010.
7924:
7918:
7917:
7915:
7913:
7892:
7886:
7885:
7883:
7881:
7872:. Archived from
7866:
7860:
7854:
7848:
7847:
7845:
7843:
7824:
7818:
7817:
7815:
7813:
7793:
7787:
7786:
7762:
7756:
7719:
7713:
7712:
7710:
7708:
7699:. 24 June 2021.
7689:
7683:
7682:
7680:
7678:
7659:
7653:
7652:
7650:
7648:
7628:
7622:
7621:
7619:
7617:
7602:
7596:
7595:
7593:
7591:
7576:
7570:
7569:
7558:
7541:
7540:
7538:
7536:
7513:
7507:
7506:
7504:
7502:
7479:
7473:
7472:
7470:
7468:
7457:
7451:
7450:
7448:
7446:
7423:
7417:
7416:
7414:
7412:
7389:
7383:
7382:
7380:
7378:
7367:
7361:
7360:
7358:
7356:
7341:
7335:
7334:
7332:
7330:
7324:
7318:. Archived from
7301:
7292:
7286:
7279:
7273:
7272:
7270:
7268:
7248:
7242:
7241:
7239:
7237:
7222:
7213:
7212:
7201:"no title given"
7196:
7187:
7186:
7184:
7182:
7170:
7164:
7163:
7161:
7159:
7143:
7137:
7136:
7134:
7132:
7117:
7111:
7110:
7108:
7106:
7087:
7081:
7080:
7078:
7076:
7057:
7051:
7050:
7048:
7046:
7027:
7021:
7020:
7000:
6991:
6990:
6979:. Notion Press.
6968:
6962:
6961:
6939:
6933:
6932:
6910:
6904:
6903:
6901:
6899:
6884:
6878:
6877:
6875:
6873:
6859:
6850:
6849:
6827:
6821:
6818:
6812:
6809:
6803:
6802:
6794:
6788:
6787:
6785:
6783:
6768:
6762:
6761:
6759:
6757:
6742:
6736:
6735:
6733:
6731:
6716:
6710:
6709:
6707:
6705:
6686:
6680:
6679:
6677:
6675:
6654:
6648:
6647:
6645:
6643:
6624:
6618:
6617:
6609:
6603:
6602:
6595:
6589:
6588:
6576:
6570:
6569:
6567:
6565:
6549:
6541:
6530:
6529:
6527:
6525:
6510:
6504:
6503:
6501:
6499:
6490:. Archived from
6479:
6473:
6472:
6470:
6468:
6448:
6442:
6441:
6439:
6437:
6416:
6410:
6409:
6407:
6405:
6390:
6384:
6383:
6381:
6379:
6364:
6358:
6357:
6355:
6353:
6338:
6332:
6331:
6329:
6327:
6304:
6298:
6297:
6295:
6293:
6270:
6264:
6263:
6261:
6259:
6248:
6242:
6241:
6239:
6237:
6222:
6216:
6215:
6213:
6211:
6195:
6186:
6185:
6183:
6181:
6166:
6160:
6159:
6157:
6155:
6149:
6143:. Archived from
6142:
6134:
6128:
6127:
6125:
6123:
6108:
6102:
6101:
6099:
6097:
6075:
6066:
6065:
6047:
6041:
6040:
6022:
6016:
6015:
6013:
6011:
6002:. Archived from
5996:
5990:
5989:
5981:
5975:
5974:
5956:
5950:
5949:
5931:
5925:
5924:
5906:
5900:
5899:
5881:
5875:
5874:
5866:
5851:
5850:
5848:
5846:
5831:
5825:
5824:
5821:Karate-Do My Way
5812:
5806:
5805:
5793:
5787:
5786:
5774:
5768:
5767:
5757:
5749:
5746:10.11501/1104139
5738:Karate-dō Taikan
5729:
5723:
5722:
5719:10.11501/1144879
5711:Karate-do Shusei
5702:
5696:
5695:
5692:10.11501/1027727
5675:
5669:
5668:
5656:
5650:
5649:
5637:
5631:
5630:
5627:Karate-Do My Way
5618:
5612:
5611:
5609:
5607:
5577:
5571:
5570:
5562:
5556:
5555:
5553:
5551:
5536:
5530:
5523:
5517:
5516:
5514:
5512:
5503:. Archived from
5496:
5490:
5489:
5467:
5461:
5460:
5452:
5446:
5445:
5427:
5421:
5420:
5408:
5402:
5401:
5389:
5383:
5382:
5370:
5364:
5363:
5341:
5335:
5334:
5312:
5306:
5305:
5287:
5281:
5280:
5258:
5252:
5251:
5249:
5247:
5241:
5234:
5218:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5207:
5192:"古琉球の軍隊とその歴史的展開"
5187:
5181:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5149:
5143:
5142:
5140:
5138:
5116:
5110:
5109:
5097:
5091:
5090:
5078:
5072:
5071:
5067:
5056:
5055:
5043:
5037:
5036:
5033:Karate-Do My Way
5024:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5013:
4991:
4985:
4984:
4981:Outline of Kenpo
4972:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4961:
4946:
4940:
4939:
4931:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4920:
4905:
4899:
4898:
4886:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4853:
4847:
4846:
4834:
4828:
4827:
4825:
4823:
4801:
4795:
4794:
4782:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4749:
4743:
4742:
4730:
4724:
4723:
4721:
4719:
4697:Karate-do Nyumon
4691:
4685:
4684:
4681:Karate-Do My Way
4672:
4666:
4665:
4643:
4637:
4636:
4621:
4615:
4614:
4602:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4586:
4581:on 26 April 2013
4571:
4565:
4564:
4562:
4560:
4554:
4547:
4539:
4533:
4532:
4514:
4508:
4507:
4489:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4478:
4462:
4456:
4455:
4437:
4431:
4430:
4428:
4426:
4417:. 2 April 2018.
4407:
4401:
4400:
4382:
4376:
4371:The name of the
4369:
4363:
4362:
4340:
4334:
4333:
4325:
4316:
4315:
4309:
4301:
4289:
4266:
4263:
4245:
4239:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4219:
4210:
4209:
4191:
4147:
4142:
4141:
4140:
3894:
3890:
3806:Karate Kommandos
3594:Keinosuke Enoeda
3579:Keinosuke Enoeda
3563:Keinosuke Enoeda
3539:Mitsusuke Harada
3535:Gichin Funakoshi
3508:Tetsuji Murakami
3504:Gichin Funakoshi
3500:Minoru Mochizuki
3413:Keinosuke Enoeda
3386:Karate Pilipinas
3295:Gichin Funakoshi
3219:Teruyuki Okazaki
3177:Gordon Doversola
3163:. In the 1950s,
3157:Phoenix, Arizona
3119:Tsuyoshi Chitose
3002:Gichin Funakoshi
2792:. Additionally,
2786:Robert Whittaker
2774:Stephen Thompson
2638:aerobic exercise
2350:Knockdown karate
2299:Yasuhiro Konishi
2283:Gichin Funakoshi
2266:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2239:
2192:Shinpan Gusukuma
2164:Gichin Funakoshi
2153:
2150:
2140:meaning "hall".
2057:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2029:
2028:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1842:Gichin Funakoshi
1810:Nanpa Shorin-ken
1783:Seikichi Toguchi
1779:Miyazato Ei'ichi
1728:Gichin Funakoshi
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1509:
1508:
1492:
1491:
1481:Kōchi Prefecture
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1439:, and Gushikawa
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1362:Kyō Ahagon Jikki
1359:
1358:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1308:
1307:
1185:
1184:
1082:
1076:
1061:
1060:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1013:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
983:
982:
959:
958:
949:
948:
908:
907:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
882:
881:
854:
852:
851:
844:
842:
841:
834:
832:
831:
797:Gaya Confederacy
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
748:
747:
719:
716:
713:
710:
707:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
651:
648:
645:
642:
639:
565:
564:
563:
553:
552:
551:
529:Gichin Funakoshi
491:
490:
489:
468:
466:
465:
435:
433:
432:
410:
408:
402:
401:
391:
389:[kaɽati]
381:
379:
378:
377:
371:
369:[kaɾate]
366:
362:
361:
358:
357:
354:
351:
348:
345:
342:
339:
330:
328:
327:
201:
194:
190:
167:
165:
164:
115:
114:
101:
98:
90:
83:
79:
21:
12204:
12203:
12199:
12198:
12197:
12195:
12194:
12193:
12159:
12158:
12157:
12152:
12129:
12092:
12015:
11933:
11917:Strength sports
11912:
11881:
11845:
11783:
11725:
11720:
11690:
11685:
11665:
11615:
11431:Mountain biking
11323:
11313:
11283:
11278:
11242:
11193:
11187:
11148:
11142:
11078:
11072:
11033:
11027:
10963:
10957:
10886:Summer Olympics
10884:
10874:
10855:
10809:
10741:
10679:
10593:
10584:
10535:
10526:
10484:
10480:Yoshukai Karate
10440:Shaolin kung fu
10356:
10241:
10217:Practice weapon
10193:
10136:
10026:
10019:
9945:Regional origin
9935:
9924:
9891:
9886:
9856:
9851:
9820:
9700:
9566:
9470:Kusarigamajutsu
9362:
9329:
9324:
9294:
9289:
9273:
9229:Seisan/Hangetsu
9199:Naihanchi/Tekki
9132:
9076:
9040:
8994:
8946:
8793:
8767:
8749:
8744:
8711:Wayback Machine
8700:
8695:
8688:
8674:
8670:
8660:
8658:
8649:
8648:
8644:
8634:
8632:
8623:
8622:
8618:
8613:Wayback Machine
8605:
8601:
8591:
8589:
8580:
8579:
8575:
8565:
8563:
8562:on 9 April 2010
8550:
8549:
8545:
8535:
8533:
8520:
8519:
8515:
8505:
8503:
8494:
8493:
8489:
8479:
8477:
8468:
8467:
8463:
8453:
8451:
8442:
8441:
8437:
8427:
8425:
8418:
8417:
8413:
8403:
8401:
8392:
8391:
8387:
8374:
8373:
8369:
8359:
8357:
8348:
8347:
8343:
8333:
8331:
8318:
8317:
8313:
8303:
8301:
8286:
8285:
8281:
8276:Wayback Machine
8262:
8258:
8248:
8246:
8242:
8231:
8225:
8221:
8214:
8201:
8200:
8196:
8186:
8184:
8171:
8170:
8166:
8156:
8154:
8141:
8140:
8136:
8126:
8124:
8114:
8107:
8097:
8095:
8082:
8081:
8077:
8067:
8065:
8050:
8043:
8033:
8031:
8020:
8013:
8003:
8001:
7988:
7987:
7983:
7973:
7971:
7958:
7957:
7953:
7943:
7941:
7926:
7925:
7921:
7911:
7909:
7894:
7893:
7889:
7879:
7877:
7868:
7867:
7863:
7855:
7851:
7841:
7839:
7826:
7825:
7821:
7811:
7809:
7794:
7790:
7783:
7775:. p. 145.
7763:
7759:
7720:
7716:
7706:
7704:
7691:
7690:
7686:
7676:
7674:
7661:
7660:
7656:
7646:
7644:
7629:
7625:
7615:
7613:
7606:"History – OKF"
7604:
7603:
7599:
7589:
7587:
7578:
7577:
7573:
7560:
7559:
7544:
7534:
7532:
7530:
7514:
7510:
7500:
7498:
7496:
7480:
7476:
7466:
7464:
7459:
7458:
7454:
7444:
7442:
7440:
7424:
7420:
7410:
7408:
7406:
7390:
7386:
7376:
7374:
7369:
7368:
7364:
7354:
7352:
7343:
7342:
7338:
7328:
7326:
7322:
7299:
7293:
7289:
7280:
7276:
7266:
7264:
7249:
7245:
7235:
7233:
7224:
7223:
7216:
7197:
7190:
7180:
7178:
7171:
7167:
7157:
7155:
7144:
7140:
7130:
7128:
7127:on 2 April 2015
7119:
7118:
7114:
7104:
7102:
7089:
7088:
7084:
7074:
7072:
7059:
7058:
7054:
7044:
7042:
7029:
7028:
7024:
7017:
7001:
6994:
6987:
6969:
6965:
6958:
6948:This is Karate!
6940:
6936:
6929:
6919:What is Karate?
6911:
6907:
6897:
6895:
6886:
6885:
6881:
6871:
6869:
6860:
6853:
6846:
6836:This is Karate!
6828:
6824:
6819:
6815:
6810:
6806:
6795:
6791:
6781:
6779:
6770:
6769:
6765:
6755:
6753:
6744:
6743:
6739:
6729:
6727:
6718:
6717:
6713:
6703:
6701:
6688:
6687:
6683:
6673:
6671:
6656:
6655:
6651:
6641:
6639:
6626:
6625:
6621:
6610:
6606:
6597:
6596:
6592:
6577:
6573:
6563:
6561:
6542:
6533:
6523:
6521:
6512:
6511:
6507:
6497:
6495:
6494:on 13 June 2007
6482:Wickert, Marc.
6480:
6476:
6466:
6464:
6457:Bleacher Report
6449:
6445:
6435:
6433:
6418:
6417:
6413:
6403:
6401:
6392:
6391:
6387:
6377:
6375:
6366:
6365:
6361:
6351:
6349:
6344:. Koshiki.org.
6340:
6339:
6335:
6325:
6323:
6321:
6305:
6301:
6291:
6289:
6287:
6271:
6267:
6257:
6255:
6250:
6249:
6245:
6235:
6233:
6224:
6223:
6219:
6209:
6207:
6196:
6189:
6179:
6177:
6168:
6167:
6163:
6153:
6151:
6147:
6140:
6136:
6135:
6131:
6121:
6119:
6114:. Wkc-org.net.
6110:
6109:
6105:
6095:
6093:
6076:
6069:
6062:
6048:
6044:
6037:
6023:
6019:
6009:
6007:
5998:
5997:
5993:
5983:
5982:
5978:
5971:
5957:
5953:
5946:
5932:
5928:
5921:
5907:
5903:
5896:
5882:
5878:
5868:
5867:
5854:
5844:
5842:
5833:
5832:
5828:
5813:
5809:
5802:Karatedō Kyōhan
5794:
5790:
5775:
5771:
5751:
5750:
5730:
5726:
5703:
5699:
5676:
5672:
5657:
5653:
5638:
5634:
5619:
5615:
5605:
5603:
5596:10.11501/933701
5578:
5574:
5563:
5559:
5549:
5547:
5546:on 1 March 2009
5538:
5537:
5533:
5524:
5520:
5510:
5508:
5497:
5493:
5486:
5468:
5464:
5453:
5449:
5442:
5428:
5424:
5409:
5405:
5390:
5386:
5371:
5367:
5360:
5342:
5338:
5331:
5313:
5309:
5302:
5292:Okinawan Karate
5288:
5284:
5277:
5259:
5255:
5245:
5243:
5239:
5232:
5224:鹿児島県史料 旧記雑録 後編4
5219:
5215:
5205:
5203:
5188:
5184:
5179:
5175:
5168:
5150:
5146:
5136:
5134:
5117:
5113:
5098:
5094:
5079:
5075:
5068:
5059:
5044:
5040:
5025:
5021:
5011:
5009:
4992:
4988:
4973:
4969:
4959:
4957:
4948:
4947:
4943:
4933:
4932:
4928:
4918:
4916:
4907:
4906:
4902:
4887:
4883:
4873:
4871:
4854:
4850:
4835:
4831:
4821:
4819:
4802:
4798:
4783:
4779:
4769:
4767:
4750:
4746:
4731:
4727:
4717:
4715:
4708:
4692:
4688:
4673:
4669:
4644:
4640:
4623:
4622:
4618:
4611:Karatedō Kyōhan
4603:
4594:
4584:
4582:
4573:
4572:
4568:
4558:
4556:
4552:
4545:
4541:
4540:
4536:
4529:
4515:
4511:
4504:
4490:
4486:
4476:
4474:
4463:
4459:
4452:
4438:
4434:
4424:
4422:
4409:
4408:
4404:
4397:
4383:
4379:
4370:
4366:
4359:
4341:
4337:
4326:
4319:
4303:
4302:
4290:
4269:
4260:
4250:Okinawan Karate
4246:
4242:
4232:
4230:
4229:on 2 March 2009
4221:
4220:
4213:
4206:
4192:
4185:
4181:
4143:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4105:
3936:Hiroyuki Sanada
3900:Fighting style
3821:media franchise
3659:for many years.
3646:
3638:Tsuneari Yahiro
3626:
3618:
3478:
3472:
3445:
3433:
3393:
3388:
3382:
3362:
3299:Chuo University
3276:
3270:
3265:
3257:Takayuki Kubota
3250:Takayuki Mikami
3231:Gōgen Yamaguchi
3210:(SKA) in 1969.
3199:Tsutomu Ohshima
3141:
3135:
3115:Masami Tsuruoka
3104:Hironori Otsuka
3100:Masaru Shintani
3095:
3090:
3078:
3073:
2994:
2988:
2964:
2890:Karatekas at a
2876:
2870:
2868:Dan Rank system
2806:
2730:
2666:
2600:
2578:
2572:
2471:
2465:
2434:
2428:
2419:
2413:
2368:
2362:Okinawan kobudō
2358:
2330:Masutatsu Oyama
2311:Hironori Ōtsuka
2303:Shuichi Nagaoka
2262:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2240:
2198:. In 2005, the
2196:Chōshin Chibana
2160:Hironori Otsuka
2151:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2004:
1986:Chōmo Hanashiro
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1957:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1836:
1834:Karate in Japan
1830:
1751:Higaonna Kanryō
1724:Hanashiro Chōmo
1680:Matsumura Sōkon
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1551:
1493:) performed by
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1398:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1284:
1279:
1273:
1253:
1218:
1174:
1163:
1158:
1079:Name Transition
1072:Masutatsu Oyama
999:
996:
993:
990:
965:Keio University
952:Chōmo Hanashiro
896:
893:
890:
887:
846:
836:
826:
764:
761:
758:
755:
717:
714:
711:
708:
675:
672:
669:
666:
649:
646:
643:
640:
624:
559:
547:
511:. The Ryukyuan
505:Empire of Japan
485:
460:
427:
396:
373:
372:
364:
336:
332:
322:
252:Characteristics
237:First developed
219:
162:
160:
102:
99:
93:Chōmo Hanashiro
76:
69:
62:
55:
54:
53:
52:
51:
50:
34:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
12202:
12192:
12191:
12186:
12181:
12176:
12171:
12154:
12153:
12151:
12150:
12145:
12134:
12131:
12130:
12128:
12127:
12122:
12117:
12111:
12106:
12100:
12098:
12094:
12093:
12091:
12090:
12084:
12079:
12074:
12069:
12064:
12059:
12054:
12052:Indoor cycling
12049:
12044:
12039:
12034:
12029:
12023:
12021:
12017:
12016:
12014:
12013:
12012:
12011:
12001:
11996:
11995:
11994:
11989:
11979:
11974:
11969:
11964:
11959:
11957:Canoe marathon
11954:
11953:
11952:
11941:
11939:
11935:
11934:
11932:
11931:
11926:
11920:
11918:
11914:
11913:
11911:
11910:
11905:
11900:
11895:
11889:
11887:
11883:
11882:
11880:
11879:
11874:
11869:
11864:
11859:
11853:
11851:
11847:
11846:
11844:
11843:
11838:
11833:
11828:
11822:
11817:
11812:
11807:
11802:
11797:
11795:Beach handball
11791:
11789:
11785:
11784:
11782:
11781:
11780:
11779:
11774:
11769:
11764:
11759:
11754:
11744:
11739:
11733:
11731:
11727:
11726:
11719:
11718:
11711:
11704:
11696:
11687:
11686:
11684:
11683:
11670:
11667:
11666:
11664:
11663:
11658:
11653:
11648:
11643:
11638:
11629:
11623:
11621:
11617:
11616:
11614:
11613:
11612:
11611:
11606:
11596:
11591:
11590:
11589:
11579:
11574:
11569:
11564:
11559:
11554:
11552:Sport climbing
11549:
11544:
11539:
11534:
11529:
11524:
11519:
11514:
11509:
11508:
11507:
11502:
11497:
11487:
11482:
11477:
11472:
11467:
11466:
11465:
11460:
11455:
11445:
11444:
11443:
11438:
11433:
11428:
11423:
11413:
11412:
11411:
11406:
11396:
11391:
11390:
11389:
11379:
11374:
11369:
11364:
11363:
11362:
11357:
11352:
11347:
11342:
11331:
11329:
11325:
11324:
11312:
11311:
11304:
11297:
11289:
11280:
11279:
11277:
11276:
11266:
11255:
11252:
11251:
11248:
11247:
11244:
11243:
11241:
11240:
11235:
11230:
11225:
11220:
11215:
11210:
11205:
11199:
11197:
11195:European Games
11189:
11188:
11186:
11185:
11180:
11175:
11170:
11165:
11160:
11154:
11152:
11144:
11143:
11141:
11140:
11139:
11138:
11133:
11128:
11120:
11115:
11110:
11105:
11100:
11095:
11090:
11084:
11082:
11074:
11073:
11071:
11070:
11065:
11060:
11055:
11050:
11045:
11039:
11037:
11029:
11028:
11026:
11025:
11024:
11023:
11018:
11010:
11009:
11008:
11003:
10995:
10990:
10985:
10980:
10975:
10969:
10967:
10959:
10958:
10956:
10955:
10954:
10953:
10948:
10943:
10941:Pistol dueling
10938:
10930:
10916:
10911:
10906:
10901:
10896:
10890:
10888:
10876:
10875:
10865:
10864:
10861:
10860:
10857:
10856:
10854:
10853:
10848:
10843:
10838:
10833:
10823:
10817:
10815:
10811:
10810:
10808:
10807:
10802:
10797:
10792:
10787:
10782:
10777:
10772:
10770:Huiyen Lallong
10767:
10762:
10757:
10751:
10749:
10743:
10742:
10740:
10739:
10734:
10729:
10727:Shorinji Kempo
10724:
10719:
10714:
10709:
10704:
10699:
10697:American Kenpo
10693:
10691:
10681:
10680:
10678:
10677:
10672:
10667:
10662:
10657:
10652:
10647:
10646:
10645:
10635:
10630:
10625:
10620:
10615:
10610:
10605:
10599:
10597:
10586:
10585:
10583:
10582:
10577:
10572:
10567:
10562:
10557:
10552:
10547:
10541:
10539:
10528:
10527:
10525:
10524:
10517:
10512:
10505:
10500:
10494:
10492:
10486:
10485:
10483:
10482:
10477:
10472:
10467:
10462:
10457:
10452:
10447:
10442:
10437:
10432:
10430:Russian boxing
10427:
10422:
10417:
10412:
10407:
10402:
10397:
10392:
10387:
10382:
10377:
10372:
10366:
10364:
10358:
10357:
10355:
10354:
10353:
10352:
10347:
10342:
10337:
10332:
10327:
10322:
10317:
10307:
10302:
10297:
10292:
10287:
10282:
10277:
10272:
10262:
10257:
10251:
10249:
10243:
10242:
10240:
10239:
10234:
10229:
10224:
10219:
10214:
10209:
10203:
10201:
10195:
10194:
10192:
10191:
10190:
10189:
10184:
10177:Ranged weapons
10174:
10173:
10172:
10167:
10165:Stick-fighting
10162:
10160:Knife fighting
10152:
10146:
10144:
10138:
10137:
10135:
10134:
10129:
10128:
10127:
10122:
10117:
10112:
10107:
10097:
10096:
10095:
10090:
10085:
10080:
10075:
10067:
10066:
10065:
10060:
10055:
10050:
10045:
10040:
10031:
10029:
10021:
10020:
10018:
10017:
10012:
10007:
10002:
9997:
9992:
9991:
9990:
9980:
9975:
9970:
9965:
9960:
9955:
9949:
9947:
9937:
9936:
9934:Classification
9926:
9925:
9923:
9922:
9917:
9912:
9907:
9902:
9900:List of styles
9896:
9893:
9892:
9885:
9884:
9877:
9870:
9862:
9853:
9852:
9850:
9849:
9836:
9825:
9822:
9821:
9819:
9818:
9811:
9804:
9803:
9802:
9788:
9781:
9774:
9767:
9760:
9753:
9752:
9751:
9737:
9734:Bugei jūhappan
9730:
9723:
9716:
9708:
9706:
9702:
9701:
9699:
9698:
9691:
9684:
9677:
9670:
9663:
9660:Shorinji Kempo
9656:
9649:
9642:
9635:
9628:
9621:
9614:
9607:
9600:
9593:
9586:
9578:
9576:
9568:
9567:
9565:
9564:
9557:
9550:
9543:
9536:
9529:
9522:
9515:
9508:
9501:
9494:
9487:
9480:
9473:
9466:
9459:
9452:
9445:
9438:
9431:
9424:
9417:
9410:
9403:
9396:
9389:
9382:
9374:
9372:
9364:
9363:
9361:
9360:
9359:
9358:
9348:
9343:
9337:
9335:
9331:
9330:
9323:
9322:
9315:
9308:
9300:
9291:
9290:
9278:
9275:
9274:
9272:
9271:
9266:
9261:
9256:
9251:
9246:
9241:
9236:
9231:
9226:
9221:
9216:
9211:
9206:
9201:
9196:
9191:
9186:
9181:
9176:
9171:
9166:
9164:Chintō/Gankaku
9161:
9156:
9151:
9146:
9140:
9138:
9134:
9133:
9131:
9130:
9125:
9120:
9115:
9110:
9105:
9100:
9095:
9090:
9084:
9082:
9078:
9077:
9075:
9074:
9069:
9064:
9059:
9054:
9048:
9046:
9042:
9041:
9039:
9038:
9033:
9028:
9023:
9018:
9013:
9008:
9002:
9000:
8996:
8995:
8993:
8992:
8987:
8982:
8977:
8972:
8967:
8962:
8956:
8954:
8948:
8947:
8945:
8944:
8939:
8934:
8929:
8924:
8919:
8914:
8909:
8904:
8899:
8894:
8889:
8884:
8879:
8874:
8869:
8864:
8859:
8854:
8849:
8844:
8839:
8834:
8829:
8824:
8819:
8814:
8809:
8803:
8801:
8795:
8794:
8792:
8791:
8786:
8781:
8775:
8773:
8769:
8768:
8766:
8765:
8760:
8754:
8751:
8750:
8743:
8742:
8735:
8728:
8720:
8714:
8713:
8699:
8698:External links
8696:
8694:
8693:
8686:
8668:
8642:
8616:
8599:
8573:
8543:
8513:
8487:
8461:
8435:
8411:
8385:
8367:
8341:
8311:
8293:Inside Kung Fu
8279:
8256:
8219:
8212:
8194:
8164:
8134:
8105:
8090:. 5 May 2020.
8075:
8041:
8011:
7981:
7951:
7919:
7887:
7861:
7849:
7819:
7788:
7781:
7757:
7714:
7684:
7654:
7637:Finding Karate
7623:
7597:
7586:on 29 May 2013
7571:
7542:
7528:
7508:
7494:
7474:
7452:
7438:
7418:
7404:
7384:
7362:
7336:
7287:
7274:
7243:
7214:
7188:
7165:
7138:
7112:
7082:
7052:
7037:. 3 May 2020.
7022:
7015:
6992:
6985:
6963:
6956:
6934:
6927:
6905:
6879:
6851:
6844:
6822:
6813:
6804:
6789:
6763:
6737:
6711:
6681:
6649:
6619:
6604:
6590:
6571:
6531:
6505:
6488:Knucklepit.com
6474:
6443:
6411:
6385:
6359:
6333:
6319:
6299:
6285:
6265:
6243:
6217:
6187:
6161:
6129:
6103:
6067:
6060:
6042:
6035:
6029:. p. 67.
6017:
5991:
5976:
5969:
5951:
5944:
5926:
5919:
5901:
5894:
5876:
5852:
5826:
5807:
5788:
5769:
5724:
5697:
5684:Karate Studies
5670:
5651:
5632:
5613:
5572:
5557:
5531:
5518:
5491:
5484:
5462:
5447:
5440:
5434:. p. 19.
5422:
5403:
5384:
5365:
5358:
5336:
5329:
5307:
5300:
5282:
5275:
5263:対談 近代空手道の歴史を語る
5253:
5213:
5182:
5173:
5167:978-4583104294
5166:
5144:
5111:
5092:
5073:
5057:
5038:
5019:
4986:
4967:
4941:
4926:
4900:
4881:
4848:
4829:
4796:
4777:
4744:
4725:
4706:
4686:
4667:
4638:
4616:
4592:
4566:
4534:
4527:
4509:
4502:
4484:
4457:
4450:
4432:
4402:
4395:
4377:
4364:
4357:
4335:
4317:
4267:
4258:
4240:
4211:
4204:
4198:. p. 17.
4182:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4149:
4148:
4132:
4129:
4102:
4101:
4098:
4092:
4091:
4088:
4082:
4081:
4078:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4062:
4061:
4058:
4052:
4051:
4048:
4042:
4041:
4038:
4032:
4031:
4028:
4022:
4021:
4018:
4016:Leung Siu-Lung
4012:
4011:
4008:
4002:
4001:
3998:
3996:Richard Norton
3992:
3991:
3988:
3982:
3981:
3978:
3972:
3971:
3968:
3966:Yasuaki Kurata
3962:
3961:
3958:
3952:
3951:
3948:
3946:Dolph Lundgren
3942:
3941:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3928:
3922:
3921:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3908:
3902:
3901:
3898:
3889:
3801:The Karate Kid
3772:The Karate Kid
3764:Street Fighter
3739:fighting games
3690:from Hong Kong
3645:
3642:
3625:
3622:
3617:
3614:
3567:Hiroshi Shirai
3474:Main article:
3471:
3470:United Kingdom
3468:
3448:Hiroshi Shirai
3444:
3441:
3432:
3429:
3421:Hiroshi Shirai
3392:
3389:
3381:
3378:
3361:
3358:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3189:George Mattson
3181:Harold G. Long
3137:Main article:
3134:
3131:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:among others.
3020:(derived from
3012:(derived from
2987:
2984:
2963:
2960:
2932:Karate stances
2869:
2866:
2850:sport climbing
2805:
2802:
2729:
2726:
2712:rules used by
2665:
2662:
2599:
2596:
2574:Main article:
2571:
2568:
2467:Main article:
2464:
2461:
2430:Main article:
2427:
2424:
2415:Main article:
2412:
2409:
2357:
2354:
1832:Main article:
1829:
1826:
1787:Morio Higaonna
1583:Kanga Sakugawa
1550:
1547:
1523:Satsuma Domain
1423:and Gushikawa
1397:
1394:
1283:
1280:
1275:Main article:
1272:
1269:
1252:
1251:Other theories
1249:
1245:Ōshima Writing
1237:Satsuma Domain
1224:" migrated to
1217:
1214:
1173:
1167:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1139:
1138:
1132:
1126:
1124:Karate(-jutsu)
1121:
1115:
1106:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1031:feudal culture
803:). Therefore,
623:
620:
497:Satsuma Domain
478:Ryukyu Kingdom
417:Ryukyu Kingdom
385:pronunciation:
315:
314:
311:
305:
304:
299:
293:
292:
289:
285:
284:
280:
279:
276:
272:
271:
268:
262:
261:
258:
254:
253:
249:
248:
241:Ryukyu Kingdom
238:
234:
233:
228:
221:
220:
202:
187:
186:
177:
173:
172:
153:Ryukyu Kingdom
150:
146:
145:
132:
128:
127:
122:
118:
117:
108:
104:
103:
91:
60:
36:
30:
27:
25:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
12201:
12190:
12187:
12185:
12182:
12180:
12177:
12175:
12172:
12170:
12167:
12166:
12164:
12149:
12146:
12144:
12136:
12135:
12132:
12126:
12123:
12121:
12118:
12115:
12112:
12110:
12109:Flag football
12107:
12105:
12102:
12101:
12099:
12095:
12088:
12087:Weightlifting
12085:
12083:
12080:
12078:
12075:
12073:
12070:
12068:
12065:
12063:
12062:Roller hockey
12060:
12058:
12055:
12053:
12050:
12048:
12045:
12043:
12040:
12038:
12035:
12033:
12030:
12028:
12025:
12024:
12022:
12018:
12010:
12007:
12006:
12005:
12002:
12000:
11997:
11993:
11990:
11988:
11985:
11984:
11983:
11980:
11978:
11975:
11973:
11970:
11968:
11965:
11963:
11960:
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11955:
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11948:
11947:
11946:
11943:
11942:
11940:
11936:
11930:
11927:
11925:
11922:
11921:
11919:
11915:
11909:
11906:
11904:
11903:Boules sports
11901:
11899:
11896:
11894:
11891:
11890:
11888:
11884:
11878:
11875:
11873:
11870:
11868:
11865:
11863:
11860:
11858:
11855:
11854:
11852:
11848:
11842:
11839:
11837:
11834:
11832:
11829:
11826:
11823:
11821:
11818:
11816:
11815:Inline hockey
11813:
11811:
11808:
11806:
11803:
11801:
11798:
11796:
11793:
11792:
11790:
11786:
11778:
11775:
11773:
11770:
11768:
11765:
11763:
11760:
11758:
11755:
11753:
11750:
11749:
11748:
11745:
11743:
11740:
11738:
11735:
11734:
11732:
11728:
11724:
11717:
11712:
11710:
11705:
11703:
11698:
11697:
11694:
11682:
11678:
11675:
11672:
11671:
11668:
11662:
11659:
11657:
11654:
11652:
11649:
11647:
11646:Flag football
11644:
11642:
11639:
11637:
11633:
11630:
11628:
11625:
11624:
11622:
11618:
11610:
11607:
11605:
11602:
11601:
11600:
11597:
11595:
11594:Weightlifting
11592:
11588:
11585:
11584:
11583:
11580:
11578:
11575:
11573:
11570:
11568:
11565:
11563:
11560:
11558:
11555:
11553:
11550:
11548:
11547:Skateboarding
11545:
11543:
11540:
11538:
11535:
11533:
11530:
11528:
11525:
11523:
11520:
11518:
11515:
11513:
11510:
11506:
11503:
11501:
11498:
11496:
11493:
11492:
11491:
11488:
11486:
11483:
11481:
11478:
11476:
11473:
11471:
11468:
11464:
11461:
11459:
11456:
11454:
11451:
11450:
11449:
11446:
11442:
11441:Track cycling
11439:
11437:
11434:
11432:
11429:
11427:
11426:Freestyle BMX
11424:
11422:
11419:
11418:
11417:
11414:
11410:
11407:
11405:
11402:
11401:
11400:
11397:
11395:
11392:
11388:
11385:
11384:
11383:
11380:
11378:
11375:
11373:
11370:
11368:
11365:
11361:
11358:
11356:
11353:
11351:
11348:
11346:
11343:
11341:
11338:
11337:
11336:
11333:
11332:
11330:
11326:
11322:
11318:
11310:
11305:
11303:
11298:
11296:
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11290:
11287:
11275:
11267:
11265:
11261:
11257:
11256:
11253:
11239:
11236:
11234:
11231:
11229:
11226:
11224:
11221:
11219:
11216:
11214:
11211:
11209:
11206:
11204:
11201:
11200:
11198:
11196:
11190:
11184:
11181:
11179:
11176:
11174:
11171:
11169:
11166:
11164:
11161:
11159:
11156:
11155:
11153:
11151:
11150:African Games
11145:
11137:
11134:
11132:
11129:
11127:
11124:
11123:
11121:
11119:
11116:
11114:
11111:
11109:
11106:
11104:
11101:
11099:
11096:
11094:
11091:
11089:
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11085:
11083:
11081:
11075:
11069:
11066:
11064:
11061:
11059:
11056:
11054:
11051:
11049:
11046:
11044:
11041:
11040:
11038:
11036:
11030:
11022:
11019:
11017:
11014:
11013:
11011:
11007:
11004:
11002:
10999:
10998:
10996:
10994:
10991:
10989:
10986:
10984:
10981:
10979:
10976:
10974:
10971:
10970:
10968:
10966:
10960:
10952:
10949:
10947:
10944:
10942:
10939:
10937:
10934:
10933:
10931:
10928:
10924:
10920:
10917:
10915:
10912:
10910:
10907:
10905:
10902:
10900:
10897:
10895:
10892:
10891:
10889:
10887:
10881:
10877:
10870:
10866:
10852:
10849:
10847:
10844:
10842:
10839:
10837:
10834:
10831:
10827:
10824:
10822:
10821:Fighting game
10819:
10818:
10816:
10814:Entertainment
10812:
10806:
10803:
10801:
10798:
10796:
10793:
10791:
10788:
10786:
10785:Krabi–krabong
10783:
10781:
10780:Kalaripayattu
10778:
10776:
10773:
10771:
10768:
10766:
10763:
10761:
10758:
10756:
10753:
10752:
10750:
10748:
10744:
10738:
10735:
10733:
10730:
10728:
10725:
10723:
10720:
10718:
10715:
10713:
10710:
10708:
10705:
10703:
10700:
10698:
10695:
10694:
10692:
10690:
10686:
10682:
10676:
10673:
10671:
10668:
10666:
10663:
10661:
10658:
10656:
10653:
10651:
10648:
10644:
10641:
10640:
10639:
10636:
10634:
10631:
10629:
10626:
10624:
10621:
10619:
10616:
10614:
10611:
10609:
10606:
10604:
10601:
10600:
10598:
10596:
10591:
10587:
10581:
10578:
10576:
10573:
10571:
10570:Shootfighting
10568:
10566:
10563:
10561:
10558:
10556:
10553:
10551:
10548:
10546:
10543:
10542:
10540:
10538:
10537:combat sports
10533:
10529:
10523:
10522:
10518:
10516:
10513:
10511:
10510:
10506:
10504:
10501:
10499:
10496:
10495:
10493:
10491:
10487:
10481:
10478:
10476:
10473:
10471:
10468:
10466:
10465:Tien Shan Pai
10463:
10461:
10458:
10456:
10453:
10451:
10448:
10446:
10443:
10441:
10438:
10436:
10433:
10431:
10428:
10426:
10423:
10421:
10418:
10416:
10413:
10411:
10408:
10406:
10403:
10401:
10398:
10396:
10393:
10391:
10390:Choi Kwang-Do
10388:
10386:
10383:
10381:
10378:
10376:
10373:
10371:
10368:
10367:
10365:
10363:
10359:
10351:
10348:
10346:
10343:
10341:
10338:
10336:
10333:
10331:
10328:
10326:
10323:
10321:
10318:
10316:
10313:
10312:
10311:
10308:
10306:
10303:
10301:
10298:
10296:
10293:
10291:
10288:
10286:
10283:
10281:
10278:
10276:
10273:
10270:
10266:
10263:
10261:
10258:
10256:
10253:
10252:
10250:
10248:
10244:
10238:
10235:
10233:
10230:
10228:
10227:Pushing hands
10225:
10223:
10220:
10218:
10215:
10213:
10210:
10208:
10205:
10204:
10202:
10200:
10196:
10188:
10185:
10183:
10180:
10179:
10178:
10175:
10171:
10170:Swordsmanship
10168:
10166:
10163:
10161:
10158:
10157:
10156:
10155:Melee weapons
10153:
10151:
10148:
10147:
10145:
10143:
10139:
10133:
10130:
10126:
10123:
10121:
10118:
10116:
10113:
10111:
10108:
10106:
10103:
10102:
10101:
10098:
10094:
10091:
10089:
10086:
10084:
10081:
10079:
10076:
10074:
10071:
10070:
10068:
10064:
10061:
10059:
10056:
10054:
10051:
10049:
10046:
10044:
10041:
10039:
10036:
10035:
10033:
10032:
10030:
10028:
10022:
10016:
10013:
10011:
10008:
10006:
10003:
10001:
9998:
9996:
9993:
9989:
9986:
9985:
9984:
9981:
9979:
9976:
9974:
9971:
9969:
9966:
9964:
9961:
9959:
9956:
9954:
9951:
9950:
9948:
9946:
9942:
9938:
9931:
9927:
9921:
9920:Hard and soft
9918:
9916:
9913:
9911:
9908:
9906:
9903:
9901:
9898:
9897:
9894:
9890:
9883:
9878:
9876:
9871:
9869:
9864:
9863:
9860:
9848:
9845:
9841:
9837:
9835:
9827:
9826:
9823:
9817:
9816:
9812:
9810:
9809:
9805:
9801:
9800:
9796:
9795:
9794:
9793:
9789:
9787:
9786:
9782:
9780:
9779:
9775:
9773:
9772:
9768:
9766:
9765:
9761:
9759:
9758:
9754:
9750:
9749:
9745:
9744:
9743:
9742:
9738:
9736:
9735:
9731:
9729:
9728:
9724:
9722:
9721:
9717:
9715:
9714:
9710:
9709:
9707:
9703:
9697:
9696:
9692:
9690:
9689:
9685:
9683:
9682:
9678:
9676:
9675:
9671:
9669:
9668:
9664:
9662:
9661:
9657:
9655:
9654:
9650:
9648:
9647:
9643:
9641:
9640:
9636:
9634:
9633:
9629:
9627:
9626:
9622:
9620:
9619:
9615:
9613:
9612:
9608:
9606:
9605:
9601:
9599:
9598:
9594:
9592:
9591:
9587:
9585:
9584:
9580:
9579:
9577:
9575:
9574:
9569:
9563:
9562:
9558:
9556:
9555:
9551:
9549:
9548:
9544:
9542:
9541:
9537:
9535:
9534:
9530:
9528:
9527:
9523:
9521:
9520:
9516:
9514:
9513:
9512:Shurikenjutsu
9509:
9507:
9506:
9502:
9500:
9499:
9495:
9493:
9492:
9488:
9486:
9485:
9484:Naginatajutsu
9481:
9479:
9478:
9474:
9472:
9471:
9467:
9465:
9464:
9460:
9458:
9457:
9453:
9451:
9450:
9446:
9444:
9443:
9439:
9437:
9436:
9432:
9430:
9429:
9425:
9423:
9422:
9418:
9416:
9415:
9411:
9409:
9408:
9404:
9402:
9401:
9397:
9395:
9394:
9390:
9388:
9387:
9383:
9381:
9380:
9376:
9375:
9373:
9371:
9370:
9365:
9357:
9354:
9353:
9352:
9349:
9347:
9344:
9342:
9339:
9338:
9336:
9332:
9328:
9321:
9316:
9314:
9309:
9307:
9302:
9301:
9298:
9288:
9287:
9282:
9276:
9270:
9267:
9265:
9262:
9260:
9257:
9255:
9252:
9250:
9247:
9245:
9242:
9240:
9237:
9235:
9232:
9230:
9227:
9225:
9222:
9220:
9217:
9215:
9212:
9210:
9209:Passai/Bassai
9207:
9205:
9202:
9200:
9197:
9195:
9192:
9190:
9187:
9185:
9182:
9180:
9177:
9175:
9172:
9170:
9167:
9165:
9162:
9160:
9157:
9155:
9152:
9150:
9147:
9145:
9142:
9141:
9139:
9135:
9129:
9126:
9124:
9121:
9119:
9116:
9114:
9111:
9109:
9106:
9104:
9101:
9099:
9096:
9094:
9091:
9089:
9088:Karate Combat
9086:
9085:
9083:
9079:
9073:
9070:
9068:
9065:
9063:
9060:
9058:
9055:
9053:
9050:
9049:
9047:
9043:
9037:
9034:
9032:
9029:
9027:
9024:
9022:
9019:
9017:
9014:
9012:
9009:
9007:
9004:
9003:
9001:
8997:
8991:
8988:
8986:
8983:
8981:
8978:
8976:
8973:
8971:
8968:
8966:
8963:
8961:
8958:
8957:
8955:
8953:
8949:
8943:
8940:
8938:
8935:
8933:
8930:
8928:
8925:
8923:
8920:
8918:
8915:
8913:
8910:
8908:
8905:
8903:
8900:
8898:
8895:
8893:
8890:
8888:
8885:
8883:
8880:
8878:
8875:
8873:
8870:
8868:
8865:
8863:
8860:
8858:
8855:
8853:
8850:
8848:
8845:
8843:
8840:
8838:
8835:
8833:
8830:
8828:
8825:
8823:
8820:
8818:
8815:
8813:
8810:
8808:
8805:
8804:
8802:
8800:
8796:
8790:
8787:
8785:
8782:
8780:
8777:
8776:
8774:
8770:
8764:
8763:List of terms
8761:
8759:
8756:
8755:
8752:
8748:
8741:
8736:
8734:
8729:
8727:
8722:
8721:
8718:
8712:
8708:
8705:
8702:
8701:
8689:
8687:9780994411235
8683:
8679:
8672:
8656:
8652:
8646:
8631:on 8 May 2013
8630:
8626:
8620:
8614:
8610:
8607:
8603:
8587:
8583:
8577:
8561:
8557:
8553:
8547:
8531:
8527:
8523:
8517:
8501:
8497:
8491:
8475:
8471:
8465:
8449:
8445:
8439:
8423:
8422:
8415:
8399:
8395:
8389:
8381:
8377:
8371:
8355:
8351:
8345:
8329:
8325:
8321:
8315:
8299:
8295:
8294:
8289:
8283:
8277:
8273:
8269:
8265:
8260:
8241:
8237:
8230:
8227:Rogers, Ron.
8223:
8215:
8213:4-8164-1250-6
8209:
8205:
8198:
8182:
8178:
8174:
8168:
8152:
8148:
8144:
8138:
8123:
8119:
8112:
8110:
8093:
8089:
8085:
8079:
8063:
8059:
8058:Combat Museum
8055:
8048:
8046:
8029:
8025:
8018:
8016:
7999:
7995:
7991:
7985:
7969:
7965:
7961:
7955:
7939:
7935:
7934:
7929:
7923:
7907:
7903:
7902:
7897:
7891:
7875:
7871:
7865:
7858:
7853:
7837:
7833:
7829:
7823:
7807:
7803:
7799:
7792:
7784:
7778:
7774:
7770:
7769:
7761:
7754:
7752:
7748:
7744:
7738:
7734:
7730:
7729:
7724:
7721:For example,
7718:
7702:
7698:
7694:
7688:
7672:
7668:
7664:
7658:
7642:
7638:
7634:
7633:"Frank Nowak"
7627:
7611:
7607:
7601:
7585:
7581:
7575:
7567:
7563:
7557:
7555:
7553:
7551:
7549:
7547:
7531:
7529:9781136660528
7525:
7522:. Routledge.
7521:
7520:
7512:
7497:
7495:9781501703287
7491:
7487:
7486:
7478:
7462:
7456:
7441:
7439:9780292768871
7435:
7431:
7430:
7422:
7407:
7405:9780739178232
7401:
7397:
7396:
7388:
7372:
7366:
7350:
7346:
7340:
7321:
7317:
7313:
7309:
7305:
7298:
7291:
7284:
7283:John Corcoran
7278:
7262:
7258:
7254:
7247:
7231:
7227:
7221:
7219:
7210:
7206:
7202:
7195:
7193:
7176:
7169:
7153:
7149:
7142:
7126:
7122:
7116:
7100:
7096:
7092:
7086:
7070:
7066:
7062:
7056:
7040:
7036:
7032:
7026:
7018:
7016:9781462905591
7012:
7008:
7007:
6999:
6997:
6988:
6986:9781648288166
6982:
6978:
6974:
6967:
6959:
6957:0-87040-254-4
6953:
6949:
6945:
6938:
6930:
6928:0-87040-147-5
6924:
6920:
6916:
6909:
6893:
6889:
6883:
6867:
6866:
6858:
6856:
6847:
6845:0-87040-254-4
6841:
6837:
6833:
6826:
6817:
6808:
6800:
6793:
6777:
6773:
6767:
6751:
6747:
6741:
6725:
6721:
6715:
6699:
6695:
6691:
6685:
6669:
6665:
6664:
6659:
6653:
6637:
6633:
6629:
6623:
6615:
6608:
6600:
6594:
6586:
6582:
6575:
6559:
6555:
6554:
6548:
6540:
6538:
6536:
6519:
6515:
6509:
6493:
6489:
6485:
6478:
6462:
6458:
6454:
6447:
6431:
6427:
6426:
6421:
6415:
6399:
6395:
6389:
6373:
6369:
6363:
6347:
6343:
6337:
6322:
6320:9780736044929
6316:
6312:
6311:
6303:
6288:
6286:9780864865359
6282:
6278:
6277:
6269:
6253:
6247:
6231:
6227:
6221:
6205:
6201:
6194:
6192:
6175:
6171:
6165:
6146:
6139:
6133:
6117:
6113:
6107:
6091:
6087:
6086:
6081:
6074:
6072:
6063:
6061:0-7136-3402-2
6057:
6053:
6046:
6038:
6036:0-87040-595-0
6032:
6028:
6021:
6005:
6001:
5995:
5987:
5980:
5972:
5966:
5962:
5955:
5947:
5941:
5937:
5930:
5922:
5916:
5912:
5905:
5897:
5895:9780870408489
5891:
5887:
5880:
5872:
5865:
5863:
5861:
5859:
5857:
5840:
5836:
5830:
5822:
5818:
5811:
5803:
5799:
5792:
5784:
5780:
5773:
5765:
5761:
5755:
5747:
5743:
5739:
5735:
5728:
5720:
5716:
5712:
5708:
5701:
5693:
5689:
5685:
5681:
5674:
5666:
5662:
5655:
5647:
5643:
5636:
5628:
5624:
5617:
5601:
5597:
5593:
5589:
5585:
5584:
5576:
5568:
5561:
5545:
5541:
5535:
5528:
5522:
5506:
5502:
5495:
5487:
5485:9798601364751
5481:
5477:
5473:
5466:
5458:
5451:
5443:
5441:0-87040-595-0
5437:
5433:
5426:
5418:
5417:My karate Art
5414:
5407:
5399:
5395:
5388:
5380:
5379:My karate Art
5376:
5369:
5361:
5359:9798601364751
5355:
5351:
5347:
5340:
5332:
5330:9798601364751
5326:
5322:
5318:
5311:
5303:
5301:0-7136-5666-2
5297:
5293:
5286:
5278:
5276:9784583026060
5272:
5268:
5264:
5257:
5238:
5230:
5226:
5225:
5217:
5201:
5197:
5193:
5186:
5177:
5169:
5163:
5159:
5155:
5148:
5132:
5128:
5124:
5123:
5115:
5107:
5103:
5096:
5088:
5084:
5077:
5066:
5064:
5062:
5053:
5049:
5042:
5034:
5030:
5023:
5007:
5003:
4999:
4998:
4990:
4982:
4978:
4971:
4955:
4951:
4945:
4937:
4936:Ryukyu Shimpo
4930:
4914:
4910:
4904:
4896:
4892:
4885:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4860:
4852:
4844:
4840:
4833:
4817:
4813:
4809:
4808:
4800:
4792:
4788:
4781:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4756:
4748:
4740:
4736:
4729:
4713:
4709:
4707:4-7700-1891-6
4703:
4699:
4698:
4690:
4682:
4678:
4671:
4663:
4659:
4655:
4651:
4650:
4642:
4634:
4630:
4626:
4620:
4612:
4608:
4601:
4599:
4597:
4580:
4576:
4570:
4551:
4544:
4538:
4530:
4524:
4520:
4513:
4505:
4503:0-87011-816-1
4499:
4495:
4488:
4472:
4468:
4461:
4453:
4447:
4443:
4436:
4420:
4416:
4412:
4406:
4398:
4392:
4388:
4381:
4374:
4368:
4360:
4358:4-900613-05-3
4354:
4350:
4346:
4339:
4331:
4324:
4322:
4313:
4307:
4299:
4295:
4288:
4286:
4284:
4282:
4280:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4272:
4261:
4259:0-7136-5666-2
4255:
4251:
4244:
4228:
4224:
4218:
4216:
4207:
4205:0-87040-595-0
4201:
4197:
4190:
4188:
4183:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4146:
4135:
4128:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4100:Undetermined
4099:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4083:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4033:
4029:
4027:
4026:Wesley Snipes
4024:
4023:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4007:
4006:Yukari Oshima
4004:
4003:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3993:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3923:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3913:
3909:
3907:
3906:Shin Koyamada
3904:
3903:
3899:
3897:Practitioner
3896:
3895:
3888:
3886:
3882:
3881:Yuen Woo-ping
3877:
3873:
3872:
3866:
3864:
3860:
3856:
3852:
3851:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3798:
3797:
3792:
3791:
3786:
3785:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3773:
3768:
3766:
3765:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3751:
3746:
3745:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3717:
3714:
3709:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3694:kung fu craze
3691:
3687:
3683:
3682:kung fu films
3679:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3641:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3621:
3613:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3588:(KUGB) under
3587:
3582:
3580:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3550:
3548:
3547:Tatsuo Suzuki
3544:
3540:
3537:'s students,
3536:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3519:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3485:Kenshiro Abbe
3482:
3477:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3440:
3438:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3402:
3397:
3387:
3377:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3357:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3291:Chung Do Kwan
3288:
3284:
3281:
3275:
3260:
3258:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3223:John Pachivas
3220:
3216:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3200:
3196:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3140:
3133:United States
3130:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3111:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3085:
3083:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3026:Chōjun Miyagi
3023:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2893:
2888:
2880:
2875:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2854:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2842:skateboarding
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2815:
2810:
2804:Olympic Games
2801:
2799:
2795:
2794:John Kavanagh
2791:
2787:
2783:
2782:Gunnar Nelson
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2742:John Makdessi
2739:
2738:Lyoto Machida
2735:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2706:Light contact
2702:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2691:) and forms (
2690:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2670:
2661:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2606:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2583:
2577:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2555:
2554:light contact
2551:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2512:light contact
2509:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2495:
2490:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2470:
2460:
2456:
2454:
2450:
2442:
2438:
2433:
2423:
2418:
2408:
2406:
2405:
2401:(forms), and
2400:
2399:
2394:
2393:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2367:
2363:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2322:
2320:
2315:
2312:
2308:
2307:Hajime Isogai
2304:
2300:
2297:According to
2295:
2292:
2288:
2287:Shigeru Egami
2284:
2280:
2277:
2273:
2268:
2251:
2238:
2237:
2231:
2226:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2188:Chōjun Miyagi
2185:
2184:Jūhatsu Kyoda
2177:
2176:Shinken Taira
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2156:Kanken Toyama
2145:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2059:
2044:
2033:
2023:
2019:
2002:
1991:
1987:
1970:
1954:
1943:
1932:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1920:Kanken Tōyama
1917:
1916:Chōjun Miyagi
1913:
1908:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1885:
1881:
1879:
1875:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1840:
1835:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1767:Chōjun Miyagi
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1626:
1624:
1607:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1567:
1556:
1546:
1542:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1503:
1498:
1496:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1471:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1393:
1391:
1374:
1363:
1353:
1336:
1331:
1330:Motobu Udundī
1327:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1300:
1298:
1290:King Shō Shin
1288:
1278:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1179:
1172:
1166:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1131:(Empty hand)
1130:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1090:
1088:19th century
1087:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1008:
1003:
988:
977:
972:
970:
966:
961:
953:
943:
942:Karate Kumite
939:
935:
931:
927:
922:
920:
919:
914:
913:
902:
894:Tang hand art
876:
871:
869:
865:
864:Chōjun Miyagi
860:
856:
845:or empty hand
823:
821:
817:
812:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
753:
742:
738:
734:
730:
725:
723:
706:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
664:
659:
655:
638:
633:
629:
619:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
600:
595:
590:
588:
587:
582:
578:
574:
569:
557:
545:
540:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
493:
483:
479:
475:
470:
459:
455:
454:joint locking
451:
447:
446:Modern Karate
443:
439:
426:
422:
418:
414:
407:
395:
390:
384:
376:
370:
360:
321:
312:
310:
306:
303:
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
281:
277:
273:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
250:
246:
242:
239:
235:
232:
229:
227:
222:
217:
213:
209:
205:
200:
195:
185:
181:
178:
174:
170:
158:
155:(Present day
154:
151:
147:
144:
143:light-contact
140:
136:
133:
129:
126:
123:
119:
109:
107:Also known as
105:
94:
89:
84:
78:
74:
67:
59:
48:
44:
40:
33:
28:
19:
12067:Rugby sevens
12042:Bodybuilding
12009:Wakeboarding
12004:Water skiing
11977:Orienteering
11938:Trend sports
11924:Powerlifting
11861:
11850:Martial arts
11772:Trampolining
11673:
11650:
11562:Table tennis
11532:Rugby sevens
11505:Trampolining
11475:Field hockey
11463:Show jumping
11436:Road cycling
11409:Canoe sprint
11404:Canoe slalom
11217:
11172:
11131:Pencak silat
11102:
11057:
10841:Stage combat
10795:Mardani khel
10717:Jeet Kune Do
10675:Silat Melayu
10638:Pencak silat
10590:Self-defense
10532:Full contact
10519:
10507:
10445:Shoot boxing
10399:
10385:Chess boxing
10285:Malla-yuddha
10222:Punching bag
10212:Boxing glove
10069:Leg strikes
10048:Elbow strike
10034:Arm strikes
9889:Martial arts
9847:Martial arts
9813:
9806:
9797:
9790:
9783:
9776:
9769:
9762:
9755:
9746:
9739:
9732:
9725:
9718:
9711:
9693:
9686:
9679:
9672:
9667:Shoot boxing
9665:
9658:
9653:Nippon Kempo
9651:
9644:
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9405:
9398:
9391:
9384:
9377:
9367:
9285:
9284:
9219:Rōhai/Meikyo
9036:Full contact
8746:
8677:
8671:
8659:. Retrieved
8645:
8633:. Retrieved
8629:the original
8619:
8602:
8590:. Retrieved
8586:the original
8576:
8564:. Retrieved
8560:the original
8555:
8546:
8534:. Retrieved
8525:
8516:
8504:. Retrieved
8500:the original
8490:
8478:. Retrieved
8474:the original
8464:
8452:. Retrieved
8438:
8426:. Retrieved
8424:. March 1994
8420:
8414:
8402:. Retrieved
8398:the original
8388:
8380:the original
8370:
8358:. Retrieved
8344:
8332:. Retrieved
8323:
8314:
8302:. Retrieved
8298:the original
8291:
8282:
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8240:the original
8235:
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8137:
8125:. Retrieved
8121:
8096:. Retrieved
8087:
8078:
8066:. Retrieved
8057:
8032:. Retrieved
8002:. Retrieved
7994:www.nkkf.org
7993:
7984:
7972:. Retrieved
7963:
7954:
7942:. Retrieved
7931:
7922:
7910:. Retrieved
7899:
7890:
7878:. Retrieved
7874:the original
7864:
7856:
7852:
7840:. Retrieved
7831:
7822:
7810:. Retrieved
7801:
7791:
7767:
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7705:. Retrieved
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7666:
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7645:. Retrieved
7636:
7626:
7614:. Retrieved
7600:
7588:. Retrieved
7584:the original
7574:
7566:the original
7533:. Retrieved
7518:
7511:
7499:. Retrieved
7484:
7477:
7465:. Retrieved
7461:"Black Belt"
7455:
7443:. Retrieved
7428:
7421:
7409:. Retrieved
7394:
7387:
7375:. Retrieved
7371:"Black Belt"
7365:
7353:. Retrieved
7349:the original
7339:
7327:. Retrieved
7320:the original
7307:
7303:
7290:
7277:
7265:. Retrieved
7256:
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7234:. Retrieved
7208:
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7179:. Retrieved
7168:
7156:. Retrieved
7141:
7129:. Retrieved
7125:the original
7115:
7103:. Retrieved
7094:
7085:
7073:. Retrieved
7064:
7061:"WUKF Rules"
7055:
7043:. Retrieved
7034:
7025:
7005:
6977:Karate Kudos
6976:
6966:
6947:
6937:
6918:
6908:
6896:. Retrieved
6882:
6870:. Retrieved
6864:
6835:
6825:
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6807:
6798:
6792:
6780:. Retrieved
6766:
6754:. Retrieved
6740:
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6714:
6702:. Retrieved
6698:the original
6693:
6684:
6672:. Retrieved
6661:
6652:
6640:. Retrieved
6622:
6614:Win or Learn
6613:
6607:
6593:
6585:the original
6574:
6562:. Retrieved
6551:
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6508:
6496:. Retrieved
6492:the original
6487:
6477:
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6456:
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6434:. Retrieved
6423:
6414:
6402:. Retrieved
6388:
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6362:
6350:. Retrieved
6336:
6324:. Retrieved
6309:
6302:
6290:. Retrieved
6275:
6268:
6256:. Retrieved
6252:"Black Belt"
6246:
6234:. Retrieved
6220:
6208:. Retrieved
6178:. Retrieved
6164:
6152:. Retrieved
6145:the original
6132:
6120:. Retrieved
6106:
6094:. Retrieved
6092:. p. 62
6083:
6051:
6045:
6026:
6020:
6008:. Retrieved
6004:the original
5994:
5985:
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5954:
5935:
5929:
5910:
5904:
5885:
5879:
5870:
5843:. Retrieved
5829:
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5604:. Retrieved
5587:
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5544:the original
5534:
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5505:the original
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5244:. Retrieved
5228:
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5126:
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5001:
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4944:
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4913:the original
4903:
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4579:the original
4569:
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4537:
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4475:. Retrieved
4471:the original
4460:
4441:
4435:
4423:. Retrieved
4414:
4405:
4386:
4380:
4373:Tang dynasty
4367:
4348:
4344:
4338:
4329:
4297:
4249:
4243:
4231:. Retrieved
4227:the original
4195:
4113:Chuck Norris
4106:
4076:Matt Mullins
3976:Fumio Demura
3926:Sean Connery
3885:Keanu Reeves
3870:
3867:
3848:
3844:
3814:
3811:Chuck Norris
3804:
3800:
3794:
3788:
3782:
3776:
3770:
3769:
3762:
3750:Karate Champ
3748:
3742:
3727:
3710:
3680:(especially
3662:
3657:Chuck Norris
3627:
3619:
3597:
3583:
3551:
3520:
3495:
3479:
3446:
3434:
3405:
3401:Lappeenranta
3363:
3360:Soviet Union
3353:
3339:
3335:
3332:belt ranking
3323:Choi Hong Hi
3315:Rhee Syngman
3285:
3277:
3254:
3239:
3212:
3197:
3160:
3152:
3149:Robert Trias
3142:
3127:
3112:
3096:
3079:
3038:
3034:combat sport
3006:Kenwa Mabuni
2999:
2995:
2979:
2967:
2965:
2944:
2923:
2919:
2897:
2855:
2840:, softball,
2819:
2798:Kenpo Karate
2731:
2714:Kyokushinkai
2703:
2699:
2692:
2688:
2686:
2671:
2667:
2615:
2609:
2603:
2601:
2598:Conditioning
2589:
2585:
2579:
2561:
2558:semi contact
2549:
2547:
2531:
2526:
2522:
2520:
2516:semi contact
2501:
2487:
2457:
2446:
2441:Chōki Motobu
2420:
2407:(sparring).
2402:
2396:
2390:
2388:
2383:
2380:combat sport
2376:self defense
2369:
2338:full contact
2323:
2316:
2296:
2290:
2281:
2271:
2269:
2227:
2212:
2206:
2204:
2180:
2172:Kenwa Mabuni
2168:Chōki Motobu
2152: 1930s
2137:
2133:
2126:
2115:
2093:, judo from
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2060:
2031:
2021:
1989:
1928:
1924:Kanbun Uechi
1912:Kenwa Mabuni
1909:
1905:
1895:(founder of
1893:Motobu Chōki
1890:
1871:
1860:
1856:Chōtoku Kyan
1845:
1805:
1798:Uechi Kanbun
1793:
1791:
1775:Meitoku Yagi
1748:
1732:Kenwa Mabuni
1716:Motobu Chōki
1712:Motobu Chōyū
1707:
1701:
1692:
1683:
1677:
1668:Shuri Castle
1656:
1642:
1637:
1633:
1629:
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1622:
1616:Okinawa hand
1594:
1590:
1586:
1554:
1552:
1543:
1531:
1520:
1501:
1499:
1485:kumiai-jutsu
1484:
1474:
1469:
1447:
1445:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1424:
1420:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1408:, Gushikawa
1405:
1401:
1399:
1396:18th century
1389:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1301:
1293:
1260:
1254:
1244:
1230:
1226:Kume Village
1219:
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1201:
1197:
1193:
1187:
1177:
1175:
1170:
1164:
1145:(Tang hand)
1142:
1134:
1128:
1123:
1120:(Tang hand)
1117:
1112:
1108:
1102:
1078:
1055:
1038:
1035:modern times
1022:
1006:
1004:
975:
973:
962:
941:
933:
923:
916:
910:
900:
875:karate-jutsu
874:
872:
867:
861:
857:
824:
819:
815:
813:
808:
804:
801:Tang dynasty
784:
780:
772:
768:
740:
732:
728:
726:
721:
715:Okinawa hand
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
657:
653:
631:
627:
625:
597:
593:
591:
584:
576:
567:
541:
533:Motobu Chōki
520:
501:vassal state
494:
471:
457:
445:
437:
424:
393:
319:
318:
247:17th century
244:
139:semi-contact
135:Full-contact
77:
58:
46:
37:This is the
31:
11967:Flying disc
11962:Finswimming
11950:Parachuting
11831:Racquetball
11788:Ball sports
11080:Asian Games
10965:World Games
10927:Greco-Roman
10747:Battlefield
10707:Chun Kuk Do
10650:Suffrajitsu
10460:Tang Soo Do
10335:Greco-Roman
10088:Knee strike
10005:Philippines
9688:Taiho-jutsu
9573:Gendai budō
9554:Tessenjutsu
9456:Kayakujutsu
9214:Pinan/Heian
9081:Competition
8867:Seidokaikan
8526:Independent
8304:15 November
8177:Independent
7912:18 February
7723:Ian Fleming
7267:13 February
7091:"Documents"
6694:GrindTV.com
6436:13 February
5845:19 December
5661:沖縄拳法唐手術:組手編
5606:19 December
5246:31 December
5206:31 December
5137:31 December
4874:31 December
4770:31 December
4543:"Web Japan"
4117:Jackie Chan
4080:Shōrei-ryū
4070:Shōrin-ryū
4060:Shōrin-ryū
4050:Shōrin-ryū
3916:Sonny Chiba
3910:Keishinkan
3859:Jackie Chan
3845:Dragon Ball
3816:Dragon Ball
3787:(1989) and
3720:protagonist
3713:film series
3706:tae kwon do
3606:JKA England
3512:Andy Sherry
3481:Vernon Bell
3380:Philippines
3354:tang soo do
3311:Tang Soo Do
3287:Won Kuk Lee
3227:Allen Steen
3215:Richard Kim
3193:Peter Urban
2972:Heart Sutra
2956:tameshiwari
2908:rank scheme
2904:Jigoro Kano
2780:; and both
2722:Bogu kumite
2718:Seidokaikan
2654:flexibility
2617:nigiri game
2503:bogu kumite
2432:Karate kata
2223:Jigoro Kano
1867:Kanō Jigorō
1720:Yabu Kentsū
1477:Tosa Domain
1320:(Okinawan:
976:kūshu kūken
969:Heart Sutra
932:pronounced
739:and called
680:Okinawan-te
656:(Okinawan:
507:in 1879 as
413:martial art
309:World Games
278:Martial art
110:Karate-do (
100: 1938
12163:Categories
11972:Lifesaving
11945:Air sports
11929:Tug of war
11867:Kickboxing
11800:Canoe polo
11747:Gymnastics
11742:Dancesport
11582:Volleyball
11490:Gymnastics
11448:Equestrian
11421:BMX racing
11382:Basketball
11360:Water polo
11122:2018 Only
10983:Kickboxing
10737:Qwan Ki Do
10665:To-Shin Do
10595:combatives
10565:Pankration
10550:Kickboxing
10521:Xingyiquan
10509:Baguazhang
10475:Wudangquan
10405:Kickboxing
10300:Shuai jiao
10110:Joint lock
10027:techniques
9808:Uchi-deshi
9540:Tantojutsu
9505:Shugijutsu
9449:Jittejutsu
9428:Intonjutsu
9407:Hensōjutsu
9386:Battōjutsu
9356:promotions
8965:Joint lock
8952:Techniques
8892:Shōrei-ryū
8887:Shōrin-ryū
8857:Motobu-ryū
8847:Isshin-ryū
8842:Gosoku-ryu
8832:Gensei-ryū
8496:"Goju-ryu"
8444:"Goju-ryu"
8122:ScreenRant
7944:13 October
7870:"キャラクター紹介"
7802:ScreenRant
7743:Black Belt
7733:James Bond
7728:Goldfinger
6564:30 January
6326:10 October
6292:10 October
6258:10 October
6210:18 October
6096:13 October
5970:0870118161
5945:0870118161
5920:0870118161
4891:沖縄拳法唐手術組手編
4787:沖縄拳法唐手術組手編
4179:References
4121:Sammo Hung
4086:Sho Kosugi
3980:Shitō-ryū
3970:Shito-ryu
3960:Kyokushin
3950:Kyokushin
3940:Kyokushin
3930:Kyokushin
3920:Kyokushin
3871:The Matrix
3723:James Bond
3610:Taiji Kase
3555:Taiji Kase
3489:Henry Plée
3437:Taiji Kase
3427:in the US
3409:Taiji Kase
3384:See also:
3272:See also:
3061:Shōrin-ryū
3018:Shōrei-ryū
3010:Shōrin-ryū
2990:See also:
2962:Philosophy
2928:black belt
2872:See also:
2800:pedigree.
2788:practiced
2776:practices
2766:black belt
2750:Bas Rutten
2584:tradition
2535:take-downs
2527:hito tsuki
2360:See also:
1979:empty hand
1931:militarism
1897:Motobu-ryū
1852:Ankō Asato
1755:Ryu Ryu Ko
1741:Karate in
1694:Itosu Ankō
1684:Okinawa-te
1634:Okinawa-te
1595:Okinawa-te
1383:empty hand
1210:Ankō Asato
1204:(Okinawan:
1113:Okinawa-te
1027:transition
781:Okinawa-te
722:Okinawa-te
698:(Okinawan:
696:Okinawa-te
630:(Okinawan:
558:hand") to
525:Taishō era
436:, "hand";
176:Parenthood
12082:Triathlon
12077:Taekwondo
12027:Badminton
11810:Floorball
11674:See also:
11599:Wrestling
11577:Triathlon
11567:Taekwondo
11377:Badminton
11372:Athletics
11238:Wrestling
11233:Taekwondo
11183:Wrestling
11178:Taekwondo
11113:Wrestling
11108:Taekwondo
11068:Wrestling
11063:Taekwondo
11006:Taekwondo
10988:Muay Thai
10923:freestyle
10919:Wrestling
10914:Taekwondo
10790:Krav Maga
10702:Angampora
10670:Wing Chun
10628:Krav Maga
10618:Kajukenbo
10580:Vale Tudo
10455:Taekwondo
10420:Muay Thai
10410:Kun Khmer
10340:Mongolian
10330:freestyle
10310:Wrestling
10269:Para judo
10247:Grappling
10100:Grappling
10038:Chokehold
9968:Indonesia
9414:Hojōjutsu
9239:Shisochin
9234:Seiunchin
9179:Gojūshiho
9174:Fukyugata
9062:Karate gi
8927:Uechi-ryū
8917:Shuri-ryū
8882:Shitō-ryū
8862:Ryūei-ryū
8852:Kyokushin
8822:Chitō-ryū
8592:21 August
8324:GiantLife
8249:20 August
7859:, pg. 320
7842:8 October
7535:3 January
7501:3 January
7467:3 January
7445:3 January
7411:3 January
7377:3 January
7345:"Academy"
7316:1752-7732
7181:22 August
6756:22 August
5754:cite book
5529:. pp. 19.
5048:わがカラテ日々研鑽
4960:3 January
4109:Bruce Lee
4096:Weng Weng
4056:Joe Lewis
4046:Jim Kelly
4040:Shotokan
4030:Shotokan
4020:Gōjū-ryu
4010:Gōjū-ryu
4000:Gōjū-ryu
3990:Gōjū-ryu
3863:Bruce Lee
3837:Wing Chun
3796:Cobra Kai
3761:released
3686:Bruce Lee
3653:Bruce Lee
3624:Australia
3602:Liverpool
3460:Shito Ryu
3319:taekwondo
3255:In 1964,
3240:In 1961,
3169:Ed Parker
3065:Uechi-Ryū
3057:Kyokushin
3049:Shitō-ryū
3030:Mas Oyama
2824:approved
2758:Kyokushin
2756:train in
2744:practice
2605:hojo undo
2543:grappling
2498:Kyokushin
2478:Bōgutsuki
2334:aliveness
2326:Kyokushin
2091:aikijutsu
1863:Butokuden
1814:Uechi-ryū
1806:Zhou Zihe
1771:Seko Higa
1749:In 1881,
1690:schools.
1653:Tomari-te
1576:Tang hand
1512:Jigen-ryū
1419:Nishinda
1068:Kyokushin
926:homophone
762:Tang hand
735:was read
673:Tang hand
622:Etymology
458:karate-ka
444:. While,
406:Karate-dō
394:karate-do
291:Worldwide
266:Mixed-sex
12114:Lacrosse
12104:Duathlon
12032:Baseball
11872:Muaythai
11857:Ju-jitsu
11836:Softball
11825:Lacrosse
11820:Korfball
11805:Fistball
11777:Tumbling
11656:Lacrosse
11636:Softball
11632:Baseball
11627:Breaking
11542:Shooting
11512:Handball
11480:Football
11458:Eventing
11453:Dressage
11399:Canoeing
11355:Swimming
11340:Artistic
11335:Aquatics
11223:Muaythai
10973:Ju-jitsu
10846:Tricking
10830:Chanbara
10732:Unifight
10685:Eclectic
10660:Taekkyon
10608:Bartitsu
10490:Internal
10380:Capoeira
10362:Striking
10290:Pehlwani
10237:Sparring
10199:Training
10187:Shooting
10132:Stand-up
10120:Takedown
10073:Footwork
10063:Headbutt
10025:Unarmed
9910:Timeline
9561:Yabusame
9533:Taijutsu
9526:Suijutsu
9498:Okinawan
9491:Ninjutsu
9477:Kyūjutsu
9463:Kenjutsu
9421:Iaijutsu
9249:Taikyoku
9189:Hangetsu
9057:Dōjō kun
9031:Makiwara
8942:Yoshukai
8937:Yoseikan
8932:Wadō-ryū
8922:Tōon-ryū
8912:Shūkōkai
8907:Shūdōkan
8902:Shotokan
8872:Shidōkan
8837:Gōjū-ryū
8817:Byakuren
8807:Ashihara
8707:Archived
8655:Archived
8609:Archived
8530:Archived
8448:Archived
8428:14 March
8354:Archived
8328:Archived
8272:Archived
8187:25 March
8181:Archived
8151:Archived
8092:Archived
8062:Archived
8028:Archived
7998:Archived
7968:Archived
7938:Archived
7933:Newsweek
7906:Archived
7901:Newsweek
7836:Archived
7806:Archived
7751:catapult
7749:is to a
7725:'s book
7701:Archived
7671:Archived
7641:Archived
7610:Archived
7590:14 March
7261:Archived
7230:Archived
7226:"Karate"
7152:Archived
7099:Archived
7069:Archived
7039:Archived
6892:Archived
6782:4 August
6776:Archived
6750:Archived
6730:8 August
6724:Archived
6704:8 August
6674:4 August
6668:Archived
6642:4 August
6636:Archived
6558:Archived
6524:16 March
6518:Archived
6461:Archived
6430:Archived
6398:Archived
6378:14 March
6372:Archived
6352:14 March
6346:Archived
6236:14 March
6230:Archived
6204:Archived
6180:20 March
6174:Archived
6154:14 March
6122:14 March
6116:Archived
5839:Archived
5600:Archived
5237:Archived
5200:Archived
5131:Archived
5012:14 March
5006:Archived
4997:道と術:柔道教典
4954:Archived
4868:Archived
4822:14 March
4816:Archived
4807:道と術:柔道教典
4764:Archived
4712:Archived
4633:archived
4585:14 March
4559:14 March
4550:Archived
4477:14 March
4425:11 March
4419:Archived
4306:cite web
4265:attack."
4233:14 March
4131:See also
3781:(1986),
3543:Wado Ryu
3531:Shotokai
3516:Ayrshire
3493:Yoseikan
3464:Shotokan
3456:Goju Ryu
3452:Wado Ryu
3330:and the
3303:taekkyon
3108:Wado Ryu
3088:Americas
3053:Wadō-ryū
3045:Shotokan
3041:Gōjū-ryū
3022:Higaonna
2924:yudansha
2906:using a
2838:baseball
2790:Gōjū-ryū
2764:holds a
2746:Shotokan
2622:strength
2611:makiwara
2586:dōjō kun
2576:Dōjō kun
2570:Dōjō Kun
2550:iri kume
2523:yakusoku
2489:Sparring
2378:or as a
2356:Practice
2342:sparring
2276:Okinawan
2272:iri kumi
2219:karategi
2130:Shotokan
2111:iaijutsu
2103:kenjutsu
2067:karatedō
2032:karatedō
1990:karatedō
1874:Shotokan
1763:Gojū-ryū
1706:forms ("
1688:Shuri-te
1645:Shuri-te
1502:karamutō
1495:Kōshōkun
1448:Chān-gwā
1297:Shō Shin
1241:Kōshōkun
1097:1980s –
1094:1920s –
1091:1900s –
1064:katakana
1045:, judo,
930:logogram
918:kenjutsu
789:kun’yomi
737:kun’yomi
700:Uchinādī
599:dōjō kun
517:Okinawan
450:throwing
423:(called
392:), also
383:Okinawan
283:Presence
224:Highest
131:Hardness
125:Striking
43:reviewed
18:Karateka
12089:(women)
12057:Netball
12047:Casting
11908:Bowling
11893:Archery
11827:(women)
11762:Parkour
11641:Cricket
11557:Surfing
11537:Sailing
11470:Fencing
11416:Cycling
11367:Archery
11274:Outline
11208:Fencing
11163:Fencing
11098:Jujutsu
11048:Fencing
10899:Fencing
10775:Jujutsu
10760:Bokator
10755:Banshay
10689:hybrids
10655:Systema
10613:Hapkido
10515:Tai chi
10470:Vovinam
10415:Lethwei
10320:Cornish
10275:Jujutsu
10232:Randori
10182:Archery
10142:Weapons
10015:Vietnam
9988:Okinawa
9978:Ireland
9973:Italian
9915:Records
9905:History
9815:Zanshin
9785:Randori
9764:Kuzushi
9618:Jūkendō
9519:Sōjutsu
9442:Jujutsu
9435:Jōjutsu
9400:Boryaku
9393:Bōjutsu
9379:Bajutsu
9224:Sanchin
9045:Culture
8985:Strikes
8980:Stances
8975:Punches
8812:Budokan
8772:Origins
8661:5 March
8635:29 July
8566:15 June
8556:ASK MEN
8536:10 June
8480:24 June
8454:24 June
8446:. n.d.
8404:29 July
8334:16 June
7974:9 April
7747:spandau
7355:5 March
7329:24 July
7236:20 July
7158:5 March
7131:5 March
6425:Sherdog
6202:. WSJ.
5642:琉球拳法 唐手
5583:廃藩当時の人物
5394:東恩納寛惇全集
5154:唐手から空手へ
5122:琉球拳法 唐手
4919:5 March
4859:琉球拳法 唐手
4755:琉球拳法 唐手
4718:15 July
3841:Kung fu
3755:arcades
3735:arcades
3711:In the
3702:kung fu
3688:flicks
3668:at the
3616:Oceania
3525:of the
3307:kung fu
2976:Shingon
2846:surfing
2650:agility
2626:stamina
2582:bushidō
2580:In the
2563:zanshin
2348:", or "
2254:
2236:randori
2214:keikogi
2122:jujutsu
2095:jujutsu
2047:
2005:
1973:
1946:
1878:Kodokan
1848:Shō Tai
1818:Sanchin
1759:Naha-te
1698:Naha-te
1649:Naha-te
1610:
1570:
1527:sea ban
1516:jujutsu
1457:
1429:Shō Kei
1377:
1339:
1306:百浦添欄干之銘
1271:Okinawa
1265:jujutsu
1189:sanshin
1156:History
1105:(hand)
991:
928:of the
912:jujutsu
888:
793:on'yomi
777:on'yomi
756:
709:
667:
641:
513:samurai
411:, is a
297:Olympic
257:Contact
216:Finland
212:Tampere
12169:Karate
11862:Karate
11841:Squash
11661:Squash
11651:Karate
11572:Tennis
11527:Rowing
11394:Boxing
11345:Diving
11264:Portal
11218:Karate
11203:Boxing
11173:Karate
11158:Boxing
11126:Kurash
11103:Karate
11088:Boxing
11058:Karate
11043:Boxing
11016:Aikido
10978:Karate
10951:Savate
10909:Karate
10894:Boxing
10722:Shooto
10498:Aikido
10450:Savate
10400:Karate
10375:Boxing
10255:Barróg
10083:Flying
10058:Ground
10053:Clinch
10010:Russia
9958:Europe
9799:Ko-ryū
9778:Mushin
9625:Karate
9583:Aikido
9547:Tenmon
9369:Kobudō
9269:Wanshū
9264:Wankan
9254:Tensho
9244:Sōchin
9159:Chinte
9149:Ananku
9026:Kobudō
9021:Kumite
9016:Bunkai
8960:Blocks
8827:Enshin
8799:Styles
8747:Karate
8684:
8506:26 May
8360:17 May
8210:
8157:13 May
8127:13 May
8098:27 May
8068:27 May
8034:27 May
8004:27 May
7779:
7737:Oddjob
7707:21 May
7677:21 May
7647:21 May
7616:21 May
7526:
7492:
7436:
7402:
7314:
7045:31 May
7013:
6983:
6954:
6925:
6872:31 May
6842:
6498:6 July
6467:23 May
6404:23 May
6317:
6283:
6058:
6033:
6010:23 May
5967:
5942:
5917:
5892:
5550:23 May
5511:23 May
5482:
5438:
5356:
5327:
5298:
5273:
5231:]
5164:
5102:沖縄一千年史
4704:
4525:
4500:
4448:
4393:
4355:
4256:
4202:
4125:Jet Li
4123:, and
3829:hybrid
3759:Capcom
3431:France
3391:Europe
3093:Canada
3076:Africa
3051:, and
2986:Styles
2952:bunkai
2938:, and
2848:, and
2689:kumite
2656:, and
2632:, and
2539:sweeps
2482:armour
2469:Kumite
2463:Kumite
2453:Bunkai
2447:Kata (
2404:kumite
2384:kokoro
2194:, and
2087:aikido
1922:, and
1822:Seisan
1802:Fuzhou
1781:, and
1703:Pin'an
1674:(1938)
1651:, and
1636:) and
1534:Fuzhou
1441:Uēkata
1433:Uēkata
1425:Uēkata
1421:Uēkata
1410:Uēkata
1406:Uēkata
1233:Keichō
1198:mēkata
1194:mēkata
1178:mēkata
1171:mēkata
1161:Origin
1137:(カラテ)
1135:Karate
1129:Karate
1118:Karate
1043:aikido
809:karate
773:karate
741:karate
729:karate
577:karate
568:karate
521:samurē
320:Karate
270:Varies
192:Karate
166:
81:Karate
12125:Wushu
12116:(men)
12072:Sambo
11992:Track
11228:Sambo
11136:Sambo
11118:Wushu
11021:Wushu
11001:Sambo
10946:Glima
10851:Wuxia
10633:MCMAP
10603:Arnis
10435:Sanda
10395:Dambe
10370:Bando
10350:shoot
10315:catch
10295:Sambo
10125:Throw
10115:Sweep
10093:Stomp
10043:Punch
9995:Korea
9983:Japan
9963:India
9953:China
9844:Japan
9757:Kenpō
9720:Atemi
9705:Terms
9681:Taidō
9646:Kyūdō
9632:Kendo
9597:Iaido
9334:Lists
9154:Annan
9144:Anaku
9006:Kihon
8990:Throw
8970:Kicks
8243:(PDF)
8232:(PDF)
7880:7 May
7812:7 May
7753:...".
7323:(PDF)
7300:(PDF)
7105:4 May
7075:4 May
6898:2 May
6148:(PDF)
6141:(PDF)
5819:[
5817:空手道一路
5800:[
5798:空手道教範
5781:[
5736:[
5734:空手道大観
5709:[
5707:空手道集成
5682:[
5663:[
5644:[
5625:[
5623:空手道一路
5586:[
5474:[
5415:[
5413:私の唐手術
5396:[
5377:[
5375:私の唐手術
5348:[
5319:[
5265:[
5240:(PDF)
5233:(PDF)
5227:[
5156:[
5125:[
5104:[
5085:[
5083:唐手道概説
5050:[
5031:[
5029:空手道一路
5000:[
4979:[
4893:[
4862:[
4841:[
4839:空手道大観
4810:[
4789:[
4758:[
4737:[
4679:[
4677:空手道一路
4652:[
4609:[
4607:空手道教範
4553:(PDF)
4546:(PDF)
4347:[
3825:Anime
3443:Italy
3370:sambo
3336:hyung
3328:hyung
3268:Korea
3082:Ghana
3071:World
3014:Itosu
2664:Sport
2646:power
2630:speed
2417:Kihon
2411:Kihon
2392:kihon
2230:kendo
2134:Shoto
2109:from
2107:iaido
2101:from
2099:kendo
2085:, as
2083:jutsu
2071:jutsu
1846:When
1828:Japan
1708:Heian
1507:からむとう
1352:Kyūyō
1261:shima
1051:kendo
1047:kyūdō
1029:from
901:jutsu
594:dōjōs
586:dōjōs
169:Japan
121:Focus
11987:Road
11877:Sumo
11679:and
11517:Judo
11485:Golf
11213:Judo
11168:Judo
11093:Judo
11053:Judo
10993:Sumo
10936:Budō
10904:Judo
10325:folk
10305:Sumo
10265:Judo
10207:Kata
10150:Duel
10105:Hold
10078:Kick
9771:Maai
9748:Heya
9741:Dojo
9727:Budō
9713:Aiki
9674:Sumo
9639:Kūdō
9611:Judo
9259:Unsū
9184:Jion
9169:Enpi
9137:Kata
9052:Dōjō
9011:Kata
8682:ISBN
8663:2015
8637:2013
8594:2013
8568:2010
8538:2010
8508:2014
8482:2013
8456:2013
8430:2013
8406:2013
8362:2017
8336:2010
8306:2010
8251:2011
8208:ISBN
8189:2023
8159:2023
8129:2023
8100:2023
8070:2023
8036:2023
8006:2023
7976:2021
7964:KRIS
7946:2010
7914:2010
7882:2023
7844:2017
7814:2023
7777:ISBN
7709:2023
7679:2023
7649:2023
7618:2023
7592:2013
7537:2018
7524:ISBN
7503:2018
7490:ISBN
7469:2018
7447:2018
7434:ISBN
7413:2018
7400:ISBN
7379:2018
7357:2015
7331:2017
7312:ISSN
7269:2018
7238:2010
7183:2017
7160:2015
7133:2015
7107:2024
7077:2024
7047:2022
7011:ISBN
6981:ISBN
6952:ISBN
6923:ISBN
6900:2024
6874:2022
6840:ISBN
6784:2022
6758:2016
6732:2016
6706:2016
6676:2016
6644:2016
6566:2010
6526:2017
6500:2007
6469:2014
6438:2010
6406:2014
6380:2013
6354:2013
6328:2015
6315:ISBN
6294:2015
6281:ISBN
6260:2015
6238:2013
6212:2015
6182:2018
6156:2013
6124:2013
6098:2015
6056:ISBN
6031:ISBN
6012:2014
5965:ISBN
5940:ISBN
5915:ISBN
5890:ISBN
5847:2023
5779:拳法概説
5764:link
5760:link
5680:空手研究
5608:2023
5552:2014
5513:2014
5480:ISBN
5436:ISBN
5354:ISBN
5325:ISBN
5296:ISBN
5271:ISBN
5248:2023
5208:2023
5162:ISBN
5139:2023
5014:2024
4977:拳法概説
4962:2024
4921:2015
4876:2023
4824:2024
4772:2023
4720:2010
4702:ISBN
4587:2013
4561:2013
4523:ISBN
4498:ISBN
4479:2013
4446:ISBN
4427:2021
4391:ISBN
4353:ISBN
4330:King
4312:link
4254:ISBN
4235:2013
4200:ISBN
3883:had
3861:and
3704:and
3684:and
3628:The
3598:dōjō
3577:and
3565:and
3496:dōjō
3458:and
3419:and
3348:and
3341:kata
3263:Asia
3191:and
3161:dōjō
3153:dōjō
2948:kata
2920:e.g.
2892:dojo
2784:and
2752:and
2740:and
2694:kata
2672:The
2591:dōjō
2426:Kata
2398:kata
2372:budō
2364:and
2305:and
2291:dōjō
2250:lit.
2208:dogi
2105:and
2073:to -
2061:The
2043:lit.
2001:lit.
1969:lit.
1955:hand
1953:Tang
1942:lit.
1901:King
1743:Naha
1730:and
1672:Naha
1638:tōde
1623:tōde
1606:lit.
1587:tōde
1566:lit.
1555:tōde
1470:chān
1453:lit.
1373:lit.
1335:lit.
1257:sumo
1143:Tōde
1049:and
987:lit.
981:空手空拳
947:空手組手
934:kara
915:and
885:lit.
816:tōde
807:and
805:tōde
785:tōde
783:and
771:and
769:tōde
752:lit.
733:tōde
705:lit.
688:tōde
684:tōde
682:and
663:lit.
658:tōdī
654:tōde
647:hand
637:lit.
556:Tang
537:judo
531:and
452:and
302:2020
275:Type
11387:3x3
10345:oil
9792:Ryū
9072:Obi
9067:Kyū
8088:CBR
6663:BBC
6632:IOC
5742:doi
5715:doi
5688:doi
5592:doi
4658:hdl
4625:"唐"
3876:Neo
3843:).
3831:of
3716:007
3600:in
3491:'s
3297:at
3233:),
3063:or
2966:In
2916:Dan
2912:Kyū
2900:Dan
2874:Kyū
2768:in
2556:or
2529:).
2514:or
2374:),
2244:乱取り
2211:or
2138:kan
2037:空手道
1995:唐手道
1789:).
1670:in
1600:沖縄手
1490:組合術
1450:" (
1354:" (
1326:te,
1111:or
1059:カラテ
1033:to
880:唐手術
830:から手
464:空手家
400:空手道
260:Yes
245:ca.
210:in
206:'s
204:WKF
113:空手道
45:on
12165::
11634:/
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10687:/
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2166:,
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2149:c.
2113:.
2097:,
2079:dō
2075:dō
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2040:,
2022:dō
1998:,
1966:,
1963:空手
1939:,
1936:唐手
1926:.
1918:,
1914:,
1820:,
1794:te
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1202:te
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1109:Te
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1018:どう
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380:;
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326:空手
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