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doctrines and ideas. Since scriptural utterances and verses were generally pithy and aphoristic, they needed to be expounded for the laity and there emerged in the Indian tradition forms such as 'tika' (paraphrase), 'sabdartha' (gloss) and 'bhasya' (commentary), with 'pramanas' or suitable authoritative quotations from religious and didactic works to support the thesis or interpretation. These three modes of elucidation converge in the Sikh katha which is verbal in form.
103:, are the story material common to most regions. Performances are given in temples and at weddings and other religious (or social) functions. The single performer should be versatile in exposition and able to interestingly narrate humorous anecdotes. The storyteller is seen as a teacher who is familiar with ancient texts in Sanskrit and other vernaculars and interprets the religious and mythological texts of the past to the present generation.
3490:
177:
3723:. Tanjavur Krishna Bagavathar (1841–1903) sang with Paruthiyur Krishna Sastri (1855–1911) during his early Katha performances. Krishna Sastri later performed only pravachans with minimal music. Krishna Bagavathar continued his Kathakalakshepam and introduced Marathi metric forms, which became the standard for the next 50 years.
3726:
The carnatic singers
Soolamangalam Vaidyanatha Bagavathar (1866–1943), Mangudi Chidambara Bagavathar (1880–1938), Chitrakavi Sivarama Bagavathar (1869–1951), Soolamangalam Soundararaja Bagavathar (1890–1925), C. Saraswathi Bai (1894–1974) and N. S. Krishna Bagavathar (1892–1984) were all inspired by
3954:
In religious terminology, katha stands for exposition, analysis and discussion of a passage from a scripture. It involves a full-length discourse on a given text, with a proper enunciation of it and elucidation with anecdotes, parables and quotations, of the underlying spiritual and theological
3706:
songs); the stories are told accompanied by a stringed instrument resembling a bow. The stories are heroic ballads, and the medium is used to propagate social-welfare programmes such as AIDS awareness, family planning and election information. Kanian koottu and
Udukkadipattu, prevalent in South
3564:
or purohit who is conducting a
Pravachan to understand some of the scriptures. Pandits such as Paruthiyur Krishna Sastri elaborate on the significance of a shloka or scripture they read, providing several angles to look at a verse or word. Upanyasa or Pravachanas focus on
3577:
provided interpretation and commentary for each verse; creating a new style, he is considered the father of pravachans. Pravachan, Patakam and
Upanyasam can be synonyms for the narration of stories from epics and puranas and the interpretation of scriptures.
3798:) refers to a sermon, religious discourse, analysis, or exposition of a given text and its passages, which is verbal in form. The term refers to religious discourses focused on educating the congregation on the proper meaning of the teachings set-out in the
147:
Wall paintings in temples and shrines across India also served the same purpose. The propagation of
Hinduism and the creation of awareness in worshippers of the characters of the deities were aided by katha with imagery in temples.
3731:, Tanjavur T.N. Subramanya Bhagavatar and T.S. Balakrishna Sastrigal specialised in Harikatha. Andamin Sivarama Bhagavatar, Pandit Lakshmanacharyar and Tiruppazhanam Panchapekesa Sastri, Kalakkad Muthuswami Sastrigal,
3735:
Vaidhyanatha
Dikshithar, Samartha Ramadas Swamigal, Paruthiyur Krishna Sastri and Sengalipuram Anantarama Dikshitar were Pravachan and Upanyasam storytellers. After this period, storytelling became popular in
3613:
Harikatha is a composite art form combining storytelling, poetry, music, drama, dance and philosophy. In harikatha, a story is intermingled with related songs. The music may be congregational singing of
3758:
has become popular. Present-day storytellers include satire, humor and music and can convey a message in several languages. Many of them play an important part in the religio-social life of India.
3766:
3822:, which had been appointed by the Sikh gurus, were instructed to perform discourses on Sikh texts, beliefs, and practices to their local parish. Later, Guru Gobind Singh had appointed
4439:
3574:
129:, Maha Vaidyanatha Iyer and Ramalinga Swami, and the 20th-century Nellai Sundaramurty Oduvar, Kripananda Variar, and Pulavar Keeran were Kathaprasangam experts.
3573:
texts. Music is used sparingly to recite the shlokas. Reading the shloka and presenting its meaning is the method used by pravachan pandits. The 19th-century
3557:) is a spiritual interpreter of the scriptures. Pravachans generally have a religious theme, usually the life of a saint or a story from an Indian epic.
4071:
4018:
4717:
3871:
225:
3698:
means "skull"). In this tradition, travellers narrate stories while beating the drum. In Tamil Nadu, folk narratives are known as
2397:
988:
4237:
4085:
Myrvold, Kristina (2012). "10 - Transnational Sikh
Preachers: Local Training and Global Aspiration of Kathavacaks in Punjab".
4096:
4047:
3994:
144:, Kalakshepa, Harikeerthan and Villupattu are interpretations and storytelling with a religious theme, in different styles.
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4179:
4158:
3816:, which he had been the scribe of, on a daily basis to the Sikh congregation in a brief and concise manner. Later, the
3520:
3153:
4692:
4189:
4168:
4144:
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3830:. Not only are the main canon of Sikh texts analyzed, but also other historical texts related to Sikhs, such as the
4205:
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1735:
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211:
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1957:
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1997:
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1356:
668:
1992:
4727:
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4316:
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3727:
Krishna
Bagavathar's style and technique. Pandit Lakshmanacharya, Tiruppazhanam Panchapakesa Sastri,
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1952:
245:
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Scholars such as Suki Sivam and Trichy
Kalyanaraman perform in this style. The interpretation of a
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2436:
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267:
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There are three major katha traditions: Purana-Pravachana, Kathakalakshepa and folk narratives.
1414:
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126:
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28:) is an Indian style of religious storytelling, performances of which are a ritual event in
4621:
4606:
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3325:
2987:
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2535:
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1902:
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113:, such as Oduvars, were knowledgeable in the scriptures used for discourse in temples and
8:
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1429:
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707:
318:
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191:
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808:
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has developed its own style and tradition of storytelling in local languages. Epics and
79:
and
Ramayana kathas instill moral values by revealing the consequences of human action (
4596:
4515:
4129:
4065:
4012:
3961:
3934:. Vol. 2. Harbans Singh. Patiala: Punjabi University. 1992–1998. pp. 459–60.
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3388:
3107:
2632:
2528:
2356:
2336:
2331:
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1932:
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66:). Kathas sometimes take place in households, involving smaller stories related to the
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Storytellers, saints, and scoundrels: folk narrative in Hindu religious teaching
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943:
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4373:
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3627:
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Stories with anecdotes, known as Kathakalakshepa, are told in Sanskrit, Tamil,
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and other texts to guide correct beliefs and practices. The Sikh tradition of
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Religious storytelling, performances of which are a ritual event in Hinduism
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2012:
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33:
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1987:
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has a long tradition of storytelling and religious discourse. Religious
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1004:
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Sikhs across borders : transnational practices of European Sikhs
3716:
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3139:
3057:
2889:
2460:
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2017:
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What is a Sikh? : twenty questions about Sikhi and the answers
3615:
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100:
53:
29:
3810:, who was ordained by Guru Arjan to expound upon a verse from the
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Claus, Peter J.; Sarah Diamond; Margaret Ann Mills (2003).
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3715:
From 1870 to 1940, storytelling flourished in Tamil Nadu,
4091:. Knut A. Jacobsen, Kristina Myrvold. London: Continuum.
3707:
Indian villages, are also folk storytelling traditions.
639:
176:
121:, this was known as Kathaprasangam. The 17th-century
3986:
Sikh diaspora : theory, agency, and experience
3606:, interweaves the main story with music, dance and
4128:
4042:(1st ed.). Victoria, BC, Canada. p. 34.
3770:Artwork from 'Pothi Janam Sakhi' showing Shaheed
4674:
4231:
4178:Hawley, John Stratton; Vasudha Nager (2006).
3989:. Michael Hawley. Leiden. 2013. p. 322.
3514:
4135:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p.
3602:. In a variant, a storyteller proficient in
4238:
4224:
4070:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4017:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3549:: a lecture about scriptures in which the
3521:
3507:
3872:List of chief ministers of Madhya Pradesh
3765:
4084:
3778:whilst the Sikhs students are recording
2398:Sources and classification of scripture
136:depends on individual musical ability.
4675:
4219:
4160:South Asian folklore: an encyclopedia
4035:
1025:Anupalabdi (non-perception, negation)
1020:Arthāpatti (postulation, presumption)
3979:
3977:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3536:
99:, ancient stories of wisdom told in
4718:Works based on the Bhagavata Purana
13:
4184:. University of California Press.
3581:
3541:Purana-Pravachana (expounding the
14:
4739:
4199:
3974:
3917:
3867:Sengalipuram Anantarama Dikshitar
3673:
4245:
3754:later presented discourses, and
3488:
175:
4440:The Tall Tales of Vishnu Sharma
4036:Basra, Sukhwinder Kaur (2020).
3729:Mannargudi Sambasiva Bhagavatar
3682:, folk narratives are known as
4078:
4029:
3906:
3895:
3884:
263:Epic-Puranic royal genealogies
1:
4117:
3761:
3710:
3319:Other society-related topics:
1015:Upamāṇa (comparison, analogy)
151:
4342:The Brahmin and the Mongoose
4327:The Mouse Turned into a Maid
4283:The Moral Philosophy of Doni
3931:The encyclopaedia of Sikhism
3560:It is easier to listen to a
3430:Hinduism and other religions
2227:Chandrashekarendra Saraswati
60:, followed by a commentary (
7:
4417:One Thousand and One Nights
4279:The Fables of Bidpai/Pilpay
3845:
3638:Naalayira Divya Prabhandham
3175:Kamba Ramayanam/Ramavataram
3147:Naalayira Divya Prabandham
880:Arishadvargas (six enemies)
824:Antaḥkaraṇa (mental organs)
819:Sūkṣma śarīra (subtle body)
10:
4744:
4337:The Ass in the Lion's Skin
4312:The Tortoise and the Birds
3051:Naalayira Divya Prabandham
1736:Gurus, sants, philosophers
1672:Akshar Purushottam Darshan
860:Uparati (self-settledness)
86:
44:) who recite stories from
4644:
4572:Edward Backhouse Eastwick
4549:
4467:
4456:
4431:
4360:
4352:The milkmaid and her pail
4317:The Bear and the Gardener
4297:
4255:
4206:Hindu Vrat Katha in Hindi
3752:Swami Dayananda Saraswati
3575:Paruthiyur Krishna Sastri
2217:Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati
875:Samadhana (concentration)
739:Three paths to liberation
246:Tribal religions in India
231:Historical Vedic religion
226:Indus Valley Civilisation
4693:Performing arts in India
4332:The Deer without a Heart
4163:. Taylor & Francis.
4123:
3890:
3877:
3806:formally traces back to
1051:, sacrifice, and charity
4177:
4156:
3912:
3901:
3744:Ramakrishna Paramahamsa
3224:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam
2437:Timeline of Hindu texts
2342:Siddharameshwar Maharaj
1375:Pumsavana Simantonayana
1030:Śabda (word, testimony)
268:Epic-Puranic chronology
236:Dravidian folk religion
125:Kavi, the 19th-century
4526:Abu'l-Ma'ali Nasrallah
4481:Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak
4385:Hikayat Panca Tanderan
4322:The Lion and the Mouse
3966:: CS1 maint: others (
3779:
3189:Eighteen Greater Texts
2818:Brahma Vaivarta Purana
2247:Krishnananda Saraswati
1491:Vijayadashami-Dussehra
1005:Pratyakṣa (perception)
865:Titiksha (forbearance)
140:, Patakam, Upanyasam,
127:Gopalakrishna Bharathi
4275:The Lights of Canopus
4021:) CS1 maint: others (
3769:
3733:Sengalipuram Muthanna
3719:, Andhra Pradesh and
3305:Varna-related topics:
3196:Eighteen Lesser Texts
2769:Devi Bhagavata Purana
1665:Svabhavika Bhedabheda
1651:Achintya Bheda Abheda
1583:Philosophical schools
885:Ahamkara (attachment)
845:Vairagya (dispassion)
773:Mokṣa-related topics:
46:Hindu religious texts
4380:La Fontaine's Fables
4181:The life of Hinduism
3690:shaped like a human
3654:Bhadrachala Ramadasu
3437:Hinduism and Jainism
2367:Vethathiri Maharishi
2272:Nisargadatta Maharaj
840:Viveka (discernment)
215:(500/200 BCE–300 CE)
32:. It often involves
4723:Sanskrit literature
4496:Jean de La Fontaine
4347:The Fox and the Cat
4151:Katha storytelling.
3495:Hinduism portal
3374:Hinduism by country
3210:Iraiyanar Akapporul
3154:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai
2237:Dayananda Saraswati
2222:Bhaktivinoda Thakur
2128:Sripada Srivallabha
2068:Raghunatha Siromani
2033:Narasimha Saraswati
1010:Anumāṇa (inference)
4597:Ion Keith-Falconer
3780:
3389:Caribbean Shaktism
3108:Kanakadhara Stotra
2357:U. G. Krishnamurti
2337:Satyadhyana Tirtha
1933:Gangesha Upadhyaya
1591:Six Astika schools
835:Ānanda (happiness)
814:Anātman (non-self)
4670:
4669:
4640:
4639:
4617:Silvestre de Sacy
4577:Franklin Edgerton
4567:Hermann Brockhaus
4477:(putative author)
4291:Nandaka-prakarana
4098:978-1-4411-1387-0
4049:978-1-5255-6023-1
3996:978-90-04-25723-8
3756:Dushyanth Sridhar
3748:Swami Vivekananda
3537:Purana-Pravachana
3531:
3530:
3382:Balinese Hinduism
2881:Markandeya Purana
2118:Satyanatha Tirtha
2073:Raghuttama Tirtha
2063:Raghavendra Swami
1908:Ramdas Kathiababa
989:Sources of dharma
855:Dama (temperance)
850:Sama (equanimity)
216:
72:Katha genre. The
4735:
4728:Hindu literature
4683:Hindu traditions
4602:Patrick Olivelle
4465:
4464:
4410:Kathasaritsagara
4287:Tantri Kamandaka
4240:
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3624:Narayana Teertha
3523:
3516:
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3491:
3453:and Christianity
3423:Pilgrimage sites
3353:Reform movements
3231:Vinayagar Agaval
3182:Five Great Epics
3131:Tamil literature
3030:Sushruta Samhita
2825:Bhavishya Purana
2811:Brahmanda Purana
2762:Bhagavata Purana
2690:Other scriptures
2252:Mahavatar Babaji
1832:Satyakama Jabala
1503:Ganesh Chaturthi
1357:Rites of passage
870:Shraddha (faith)
288:Major traditions
214:
179:
156:
155:
58:Bhagavata Purana
4743:
4742:
4738:
4737:
4736:
4734:
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4732:
4673:
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4666:
4636:
4627:Charles Wilkins
4612:Arthur W. Ryder
4587:Johannes Hertel
4582:A. N. D. Haksar
4545:
4516:Ibn al-Muqaffa'
4501:Antoine Galland
4460:
4458:
4452:
4427:
4403:Kalīla wa-Dimna
4356:
4307:The Blue Jackal
4293:
4267:Kalila wa Dimna
4251:
4244:
4202:
4192:
4171:
4147:
4120:
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3824:Bhai Mani Singh
3800:Sikh scriptures
3772:Bhai Mani Singh
3764:
3713:
3686:. A burra is a
3676:
3604:classical music
3584:
3582:Kathakalakshepa
3539:
3527:
3489:
3487:
3468:
3467:
3461:
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3397:
3376:
3368:
3358:
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3253:
3245:
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3133:
3101:
3023:Charaka Samhita
3002:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra
2960:Shilpa Shastras
2939:
2892:
2776:Naradiya Purana
2748:
2743:
2718:
2692:
2651:
2515:
2447:
2431:
2400:
2392:
2382:
2381:
2327:Shirdi Sai Baba
2322:Sathya Sai Baba
2302:Ramana Maharshi
2206:
2173:Vadiraja Tirtha
2168:Vācaspati Miśra
2048:Srinivasacharya
2028:Narahari Tirtha
2008:Matsyendranatha
1993:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa
1958:Jagannatha Dasa
1948:Haridasa Thakur
1867:
1746:
1738:
1728:
1727:
1683:
1644:Vishishtadvaita
1593:
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1528:Makar Sankranti
1508:Vasant Panchami
1471:Maha Shivaratri
1455:
1359:
1268:
1202:
1171:
1052:
1043:
1035:
1034:
999:
893:
830:Prajña (wisdom)
826:
803:
767:
741:
710:
679:
677:Meaning of life
664:God in Hinduism
653:
617:
615:Supreme reality
592:Subtle elements
581:
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546:
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401:
370:
344:
336:
326:
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289:
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93:region of India
89:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4741:
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4562:Gustav Bickell
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4557:Theodor Benfey
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4374:Calila e Dimna
4370:
4368:Aesop's Fables
4364:
4362:
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4271:Calila e Dimna
4259:Tantrakhyayika
4256:
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4228:
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4200:External links
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4125:Narayan, Kirin
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3995:
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3902:Hawley, p. 149
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3891:Narayan, p. 46
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3662:Purandara Dasa
3628:Carnatic music
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3019:
3016:Pramana Sutras
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2988:Mimamsa Sutras
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2981:Samkhya Sutras
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2055:
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2015:
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708:Stages of life
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4592:Joseph Jacobs
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4475:Vishnu Sharma
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4361:Related works
4359:
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4338:
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4328:
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4193:
4191:0-520-24913-5
4187:
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4182:
4176:
4172:
4170:0-415-93919-4
4166:
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4152:
4148:
4146:0-8122-1269-X
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3943:
3941:0-8364-2883-8
3937:
3933:
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3925:
3923:
3921:
3914:
3913:Claus, p. 331
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3839:Panth Parkash
3835:
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3833:Suraj Parkash
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3404:
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3396:Hindu culture
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3362:
3361:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3348:Organisations
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3286:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3074:
3073:
3072:Yoga Vasistha
3069:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3037:Natya Shastra
3034:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2974:Brahma Sutras
2971:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2920:Sthapatyaveda
2917:
2915:
2914:
2913:Gandharvaveda
2910:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2876:
2875:
2874:Varaha Purana
2871:
2869:
2868:
2867:Skanda Purana
2864:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2804:Brahma Purana
2801:
2799:
2798:
2797:Garuda Purana
2794:
2792:
2791:
2790:Matsya Purana
2787:
2785:
2784:
2783:Vāmana Purana
2780:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2755:Vishnu Purana
2752:
2751:
2747:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2699:Bhagavad Gita
2696:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2630:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2531:
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2526:
2525:
2522:
2519:
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2514:
2510:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
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2487:
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2481:
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2477:
2476:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2465:
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2462:
2458:
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2426:
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2422:
2419:
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2414:
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2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2391:
2386:
2385:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2282:Radhakrishnan
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2262:Narayana Guru
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2242:Jaggi Vasudev
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2232:Chinmayananda
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2093:Ramprasad Sen
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1943:Gorakshanatha
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1888:Allama Prabhu
1886:
1884:
1883:Akka Mahadevi
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1873:Abhinavagupta
1871:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1822:Prashastapada
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
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1755:
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1749:
1745:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1732:
1731:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1682:Other schools
1680:
1679:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1658:Shuddhadvaita
1655:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1627:
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1622:
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1617:
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1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1596:
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1579:
1578:
1571:
1568:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
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1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
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1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1339:Kalaripayattu
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1274:Bharatanatyam
1272:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1153:Nritta-Nritya
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
998:
994:
993:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
896:
890:
889:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
806:
800:
799:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
777:
774:
771:
770:
766:
762:
761:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
744:
740:
736:
735:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
713:
709:
705:
704:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
682:
678:
674:
673:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
656:
650:
649:
646:
643:
641:
638:
634:
631:
629:
626:
625:
624:
621:
620:
616:
612:
611:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
584:
578:
577:
574:
571:
569:
566:
565:
559:
558:
555:
550:
549:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
478:
475:
472:
471:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
414:
411:
409:
405:
404:
400:
396:
391:
390:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
373:
369:
365:
364:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
347:
343:
339:
338:
335:
330:
329:
321:
320:
315:
314:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
292:
286:
285:
282:
277:
276:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
255:
254:
253:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
213:
210:
209:
207:
199:
198:
193:
190:
188:
185:
184:
183:
182:
178:
174:
173:
170:
167:
166:
162:
158:
157:
149:
145:
143:
139:
135:
130:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
102:
98:
94:
84:
82:
78:
75:
71:
70:
65:
64:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
31:
27:
23:
19:
4703:Panchatantra
4698:Storytelling
4661:
4622:C. H. Tawney
4607:N. M. Penzer
4531:Thomas North
4459:translators,
4447:Jungle Tales
4446:
4438:
4415:
4408:
4401:
4397:Jataka tales
4389:
4372:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4270:
4266:
4263:Panchakhyana
4262:
4258:
4248:Panchatantra
4246:
4180:
4159:
4150:
4130:
4087:
4080:
4038:
4031:
3985:
3953:
3930:
3908:
3897:
3886:
3862:Panchatantra
3837:
3831:
3827:
3817:
3812:
3803:
3795:
3787:
3781:
3775:
3742:
3725:
3714:
3695:
3677:
3665:
3646:Annamacharya
3642:Thiruppugazh
3631:
3612:
3585:
3559:
3550:
3540:
3532:
3455: /
3451: /
3447: /
3443: /
3441:and Buddhism
3439: /
3403:Architecture
3366:Other topics
3304:
3287:
3259:Four varnas:
3258:
3229:
3222:
3215:
3208:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3166:
3159:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3120:
3113:
3106:
3084:
3077:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3044:Panchatantra
3042:
3035:
3028:
3021:
3014:
3007:
3000:
2995:Nyāya Sūtras
2993:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2958:
2953:Artha Śastra
2951:
2944:
2918:
2911:
2904:
2897:
2879:
2872:
2865:
2860:Kūrma Purana
2858:
2853:Linga Purana
2851:
2846:Shiva Purana
2844:
2837:
2832:Padma Purana
2830:
2823:
2816:
2809:
2802:
2795:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2753:
2730:
2723:
2708:s (Hinduism)
2705:
2697:
2638:
2631:
2624:
2618:Atharvaveda:
2617:
2608:
2601:
2594:
2585:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2534:
2527:
2520:
2482:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2332:Shraddhanand
2307:Ravi Shankar
2287:R. D. Ranade
2148:Śyāma Śastri
2143:Swaminarayan
2103:Rupa Goswami
2013:Morya Gosavi
1973:Jiva Goswami
1878:Adi Shankara
1704:Pratyabhijña
1670:
1663:
1656:
1649:
1642:
1635:
1628:
1435:Samavartanam
1415:Vidyāraṃbhaṃ
1400:Annaprashana
1324:Dandiya Raas
1299:Mohiniyattam
1192:Nididhyāsana
997:Epistemology
929:Brahmacharya
809:Ātman (self)
772:
716:Brahmacharya
645:Saccidānanda
597:Panchikarana
473:
406:
397: /
393:Other major
317:
251:
250:
205:
146:
131:
105:
90:
77:Satyanarayan
67:
61:
41:
37:
36:-narrators (
25:
21:
20:
18:
4657:Frame story
4652:Beast fable
4632:Ramsay Wood
4541:Simeon Seth
4432:Other media
4423:Śukasaptati
4391:Hitopadesha
3857:Burra katha
3826:to perform
3808:Bhai Gurdas
3774:performing
3738:North India
3700:Villu Paatu
3684:burra katha
3608:digressions
3553:(pravachan
3449:and Judaism
3445:and Sikhism
3413:Iconography
3338:Nationalism
3331:Persecution
3115:Shiva Stuti
3009:Yoga Sutras
2839:Agni Purana
2741:Other texts
2732:Mahabharata
2475:Atharvaveda
2372:Vivekananda
2297:Rama Tirtha
2292:Ramakrishna
2267:Nigamananda
2257:Mahesh Yogi
2133:Sripadaraja
2123:Siddheshwar
2018:Mukundarāja
1998:Madhusūdana
1988:Kanaka Dasa
1913:Chakradhara
1857:Yajnavalkya
1847:Vishvamitra
1716:Pancharatra
1614:Vaisheshika
1570:Ratha Yatra
1518:Janmashtami
1513:Rama Navami
1430:Ritushuddhi
1405:Chudakarana
1395:Nishkramana
1365:Garbhadhana
1334:Pandav Lila
1243:Bhakti yoga
1128:Prāyaścitta
899:Niti śastra
747:Bhakti yoga
726:Vānaprastha
541:Vishvakarma
474:Post-Vedic:
310:Vaishnavism
252:Traditional
115:monasteries
107:South India
38:kathavachak
4677:Categories
4511:Kshemendra
4491:Durgasimha
4118:References
4058:1229095133
3813:Adi Granth
3762:In Sikhism
3711:Performers
3620:Ashtapadis
3289:Varna-less
3161:Tiruppukal
3122:Vayu Stuti
3086:Panchadasi
3079:Swara yoga
2967:Kama Sutra
2906:Dhanurveda
2566:Taittiriya
2544:Yajurveda:
2536:Kaushitaki
2513:Upanishads
2505:Upanishads
2429:Scriptures
2277:Prabhupada
2193:Vidyaranya
2078:Ram Charan
2053:Prabhākara
1968:Jayatīrtha
1923:Dadu Dayal
1918:Chāngadeva
1777:Bharadwaja
1767:Ashtavakra
1533:Kumbh Mela
1481:Durga Puja
1410:Karnavedha
1390:Nāmakaraṇa
1319:Yakshagana
1248:Karma yoga
1238:Jnana yoga
1233:Hatha yoga
1170:Meditation
1143:Tirthadana
924:Aparigraha
780:Paramātman
765:Liberation
757:Karma yoga
752:Jnana yoga
481:Dattatreya
281:Traditions
206:Historical
152:Traditions
123:Arunachala
119:Tamil Nadu
4211:Harikatha
4107:801604646
4066:cite book
4013:cite book
4005:857971285
3962:cite book
3717:Karnataka
3658:Tyagaraja
3551:pauranika
3547:pravachan
3463:Criticism
3457:and Islam
3418:Mythology
3271:Kshatriya
3203:Athichudi
3140:Tirumurai
3058:Tirumurai
2667:Vyākaraṇa
2603:Chandogya
2595:Samaveda:
2483:Divisions
2461:Yajurveda
2421:Ātmatuṣṭi
2377:Yogananda
2352:Trailanga
2347:Sivananda
2212:Aurobindo
2198:Vyasaraja
2163:Tyagaraja
2113:Sankardev
2083:Ramananda
1978:Jñāneśvar
1953:Harivansh
1938:Gaudapada
1903:Chaitanya
1842:Vashistha
1812:Patanjali
1792:Jamadagni
1711:Vaishnava
1699:Pashupata
1476:Navaratri
1453:Festivals
1420:Upanayana
1385:Jatakarma
1370:Pumsavana
1289:Kuchipudi
1284:Kathakali
1253:Rāja yoga
1187:Samādhāna
1068:Prarthana
1042:Practices
969:Svādhyāya
573:Mythology
568:Cosmology
561:Worldview
506:Kartikeya
437:Prajapati
376:Saraswati
142:Harikatha
138:Pravachan
63:Pravachan
4708:Ramayana
4521:Narayana
4461:adapters
4457:Editors,
4127:(1989).
3950:29703420
3846:See also
3616:Jayadeva
3567:Sanskrit
3476:Glossary
3408:Calendar
3343:Hindutva
3266:Brahmana
2937:samhitas
2929:Shastras
2899:Ayurveda
2890:Upavedas
2725:Ramayana
2716:Itihasas
2682:Jyotisha
2649:Vedangas
2633:Mandukya
2529:Aitareya
2521:Rigveda:
2500:Aranyaka
2495:Brahmana
2468:Samaveda
2183:Valluvar
2178:Vallabha
2158:Tulsidas
2088:Ramanuja
2038:Nayanars
2023:Namadeva
1865:Medieval
1807:Kashyapa
1723:Charvaka
1694:Kapalika
1558:Puthandu
1548:Vaisakhi
1445:Antyesti
1425:Keshanta
1349:Adimurai
1344:Silambam
1309:Sattriya
1294:Manipuri
979:Mitahara
959:Santosha
919:Achourya
731:Sannyasa
721:Gṛhastha
580:Ontology
554:Concepts
342:Trimurti
305:Smartism
300:Shaktism
295:Shaivism
169:Hinduism
161:a series
159:Part of
111:scholars
101:Sanskrit
74:didactic
54:Ramayana
30:Hinduism
4713:Puranas
4486:Borzuya
4299:Stories
3852:Satsang
3819:masands
3794:: ਕਥਾ;
3792:Punjabi
3784:Sikhism
3633:Tevaram
3596:Kannada
3588:Marathi
3545:) is a
3543:Puranas
3481:Outline
3276:Vaishya
3244:Society
3095:Stotras
2746:Puranas
2672:Nirukta
2662:Chandas
2657:Shiksha
2640:Prashna
2626:Mundaka
2490:Samhita
2454:Rigveda
2317:Samarth
2153:Tukaram
2098:Ravidas
1837:Valmiki
1787:Jaimini
1757:Angiras
1752:Agastya
1744:Ancient
1630:Advaita
1624:Vedanta
1619:Mīmāṃsā
1599:Samkhya
1486:Ramlila
1228:Sādhanā
1118:Tarpana
1103:Kīrtana
1098:Bhajana
1049:Worship
974:Shaucha
949:Akrodha
795:Saṃsāra
659:Ishvara
628:Nirguna
623:Brahman
587:Tattvas
511:Krishna
496:Hanuman
491:Ganesha
427:Chandra
422:Ashvins
386:Parvati
381:Lakshmi
368:Tridevi
334:Deities
241:Śramaṇa
221:History
202:Origins
192:History
97:puranas
87:History
50:Puranas
4645:Topics
4550:Modern
4536:Rudaki
4188:
4167:
4143:
4105:
4095:
4056:
4046:
4003:
3993:
3948:
3938:
3721:Kerala
3650:kirtan
3592:Telugu
3562:pandit
3555:pandit
3281:Shudra
3099:stutis
2935:, and
2933:sutras
2587:Maitri
2312:Ramdas
2205:Modern
2138:Surdas
2003:Madhva
1928:Eknath
1898:Basava
1893:Alvars
1827:Raikva
1817:Pāṇini
1802:Kapila
1797:Kanada
1782:Gotama
1689:Shaiva
1637:Dvaita
1538:Pongal
1461:Diwali
1440:Vivaha
1304:Odissi
1279:Kathak
1218:Yogini
1182:Dhyana
1133:Tirtha
1088:Bhakti
1078:Temple
1073:Śrauta
954:Arjava
914:Ahimsa
909:Niyama
892:Ethics
700:Moksha
685:Dharma
633:Saguna
531:Shakti
516:Kubera
462:Varuna
442:Pushan
355:Vishnu
350:Brahma
187:Hindus
134:shloka
52:, the
34:priest
26:Kathya
4662:Katha
4468:Early
4257:aka:
3878:Notes
3828:katha
3804:katha
3796:Kathā
3788:Katha
3776:Katha
3696:burra
3692:skull
3667:padas
3600:Hindi
3571:Tamil
3298:Dalit
3251:Varna
3168:Kural
2706:Agama
2677:Kalpa
2573:Katha
2445:Vedas
2416:Ācāra
2411:Smṛti
2406:Śruti
2390:Texts
1983:Kabir
1852:Vyasa
1762:Aruni
1609:Nyaya
1563:Vishu
1543:Ugadi
1223:Asana
1208:Sadhu
1177:Tapas
1148:Matha
1138:Yatra
1123:Vrata
1108:Yajna
1083:Murti
964:Tapas
939:Damah
934:Satya
904:Yamas
790:Karma
690:Artha
607:Guṇas
521:Radha
486:Durga
457:Ushas
452:Surya
447:Rudra
432:Indra
408:Vedic
399:Devis
395:Devas
360:Shiva
117:; in
91:Each
81:karma
22:Katha
4186:ISBN
4165:ISBN
4141:ISBN
4103:OCLC
4093:ISBN
4072:link
4054:OCLC
4044:ISBN
4023:link
4019:link
4001:OCLC
3991:ISBN
3968:link
3946:OCLC
3936:ISBN
3836:and
3750:and
3688:drum
3660:and
3598:and
3569:and
3312:Jāti
3097:and
2610:Kena
2559:Isha
1772:Atri
1604:Yoga
1553:Bihu
1523:Onam
1466:Holi
1266:Arts
1213:Yogi
1200:Yoga
1163:Sevā
1158:Dāna
1113:Homa
1093:Japa
1063:Ārtī
1058:Puja
984:Dāna
944:Dayā
802:Mind
785:Maya
695:Kama
536:Sita
526:Rama
501:Kali
467:Vayu
417:Agni
319:List
69:Vrat
42:vyas
24:(or
3782:In
3704:bow
3678:In
3664:'s
3648:'s
3626:'s
3618:'s
652:God
83:).
56:or
40:or
4679::
4289:—
4285:—
4281:—
4277:—
4273:-
4269:—
4265:—
4261:—
4149:.
4139:.
4137:46
4101:.
4068:}}
4064:{{
4052:.
4015:}}
4011:{{
3999:.
3976:^
3964:}}
3960:{{
3952:.
3944:.
3919:^
3842:.
3786:,
3746:,
3740:.
3670:.
3656:,
3652:,
3644:,
3640:,
3636:,
3630:,
3622:,
3610:.
3594:,
3590:,
2931:,
640:Om
163:on
4239:e
4232:t
4225:v
4194:.
4173:.
4109:.
4074:)
4060:.
4025:)
4007:.
3970:)
3790:(
3702:(
3694:(
3522:e
3515:t
3508:v
3291::
410::
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