853:
hand-to-hand fight, which was very long and very bloody. The
Katsina people killed 15 of their enemy, among whom was the Hi-Koi, mentioned above. They took the remaining nine, all of whom were wounded, prsioner – including among them 'Alouaz-Lil, the son of Faran Umar-Komzagho and father of Qasem, Bokar-Chili-Idji, Muhammad-Della-Idji, etc. The victors took care of the wounded and gave them back to Askia Daud, telling them that 'men of such quality, endowed with such great valour and such courage, did not deserve to die'. The vigour and daring of these warriros so amazed the people of Katsina that ever afterwards they spoke of them as models to be followed.
593:
1100:
1203:, for further guidance. However, Na Alhaji and Umaru Dumyawa grew impatient during the wait, as they believed they had already been granted a flag by the Shehu, and saw no reason to wait further for his son. Consequently, when Bello eventually arrived, he found only Umaru Dallaji waiting. Bello immediately handed him the true flag to lead the jihad in Katsina despite the other two being Umaru's seniors. Meanwhile, Umaru Dumyawa arrived back in Katsina, entering the Kofar Guga ('Gate of Guga'), and attacked the inhabitants and occupying the house of the Sarkin
565:
3130:
956:
1264:
686:
55:
1178:
1219:, where he killed Mare Mawa Mahmudu, the Sarkin Katsina at the time. Following this defeat, approximately 30,000 Katsinawa, including members of the nobility, migrated to Dankama. They organized a counter-attack against Umaru Dallaji but were unsuccessful. The shame brought about by this defeat led Sarkin Katsina Halidu to take his own life by throwing himself down a well, effectively ending the Korau dynasty. The remainder of the exiled Katsinawa went further north and founded the city of
1086:
when even this is mostly deserted, there are scarcely seven or eight thousand people living in it. In former times it was the residence of a prince, who, though he seems never to have attained to any remarkable degree of power, and was, indeed, almost always in some degree dependent on, or a vassal of the King of Bornu, nevertheless was one of the most wealthy and conspicuous rulers of
Negroland. Every prince, at his accession to the throne, had to forward a sort of tribute or present to
797:
3041:
1090:, the capital of the Bornu empire, consisting of one hundred slaves, as a token of his obedience; but this being done, it does not appear that his sovereign rights were in any way interfered with. In fact, Katsena, during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries of our era, seems to have been the chief city of this part of Negroland, as well in commercial and political importance as in other respects.
520:, approximately eighteen miles southeast of the present-day city of Katsina. Today, the district leader of Durbi ta Kusheyi still holds the title of Durbi. The original inhabitants of the town are referred to as the Durbawa. Within the town, there are seven prominent burial mounds believed to contain the remains of early rulers of Katsina, including figures such as Kumayo, Ramba-Ramba, and Sanau.
1215:, the three leaders met at Runka and had a dispute. During the argument, Umaru Dallaji allegedly slapped Na Alhaji, leading to further tensions. Umaru Dallaji then proceeded alone to attack Katsina, while Na Alhaji retreated to Zakka and Umaru Dumyawa returned to Zandam. Umaru Dallaji's military campaign took him from Radda to Banye and eventually to Sabon Birni in
589:
advantage, devised a plan to challenge Sanau to a wrestling match, as the sarki ('king') was obligated to accept such challenges. His strategy revolved around challenging Sanau during a feast to which Sanau, as sarki, had invited him. However, before attending the event, Korau managed to persuade Sanau's wife to steal her husband's charm.
487:
608:('elephant's head'), as the residence of the sarki was called. During the match, Sanau was quickly tackled moments into the fight as he was powerless without his charms. While on the ground, Korau acted swiftly, drawing a sword and fatally stabbing the sarki. Sanau lost his life, and Korau was subsequently crowned as the
919:. Katsina attempted a counterattack not long after but failed at Karayi. A century later, during the reign of Uban-Yari (also known as Muhammadu Dan Wari) in Katsina, the city led multiple battles against Kano, resulting in the deaths of several Sarkunan Kano, including figures like Magani Mai Amfani Baki,
852:
Askia Daud went to Kukia, whence he sent the Hi-Koi, Ali Dudo, against
Katsina at the head of a detachment consisting of 24 horsemen. This detachment encountered, at a place called Karfata, a body of 400 horsemen belonging to the people of Lipti in the country of Katsina. The two forces engaged in a
629:
history associated with his hometown of
Yandoto. Despite the under-handed methods Korau used to capture the throne of Katsina, the Durbawa, who were on the receiving end of his treachery, managed to maintain an 'amicable' relationship with the Wangarawa. In fact, their relationship appeared to have
715:
Then there is
Gwauron Tamberi ('the bachelor drum') due to its imposing size, which towers above all other ceremonial drums. The drum was continuously beaten from the top of the Soron Bawada tower during wartime. This two-storied tower stands on the very site where Korau killed Sanau. The Tambura,
1279:, Katsina had other lesser flag-bearers who communicated directly with the Sokoto government. These lesser flag-bearers included Umaru Dumyawa (Sarkin Sullubawa) and Muhamman Dikko (son of Na Alhaji) of the Yandakawa. In this context, the Emir of Katsina held a position that could be described as
1085:
The town, if only half of its immense area were ever tolerably well inhabited, must certainly have had a population of at least a hundred thousand souls, for its circuit is between thirteen and fourteen
English miles. At present, when the inhabited quarter is reduced to the northwestern part, and
857:
During this period, Katsina experienced considerable growth, expanding to cover a circuit of approximately seven or eight miles. The city became highly diverse with numerous principal quarters and neighborhoods, including the official quarter, old quarter, and distinct areas for residents from
588:
and was a close companion of Sanau. Although Sanau was also a wrestler, he achieved greater success and local recognition as a champion. Rumors began to circulate that Sanau's wrestling prowess was attributed to a protective charm he wore around his waist during matches. Korau, aware of this
1246:. While en-route to launch a military campaign in Yandoto, Muhammad Bello met these jihad leaders in Birnin Gada and conveyed a letter from the Shehu. Due to his old age, Shehu Usman was unable to undertake the journey himself, but he instructed the leaders to formally pledge allegiance (
527:
settlers arrived in
Katsina as early as the 10th-century, although Kumayo's dynasty likely did not commence until the 12th-century or even later. The Berbers residing in Durbi ta Kusheyi and Bugaje reportedly convened annually at Ambuttai for festivities and wrestling displays.
943:. Curiously, like in Kano, despite the opportunity to do so, Kwararafa did not fully occupy the city. According to oral tradition, it is believed that the Kwararafa general, while mounting his horse, was kicked in the groin and died on the spot due to the prayers of
535:
and was eventually subdued by Kumayo. A rock near Mani bears his name as a testament to his historical significance. The early monarchs were chosen alternatively from both houses, with the descendants of
Janzama being referred to as Larabawa (the
1194:
The Shehu gave each of the three leaders a flag to lead the jihad in
Katsina. According to Katsina tradition, Usman had difficulty deciding between them, so he initially gave each a separate, lesser flag. He instructed them to go and meet with
982:. This tribute practice continued until the reign of Agwaragi (1784/5–1801/2). Bornu played a protective role for Katsina and achieved military successes, including capturing a thousand prisoners during a battle under the rule of Mai Haj Ali.
1207:
while Na Alhaji entered through Kofar
Yandaka ('Gate of Yandaka') and fought the inhabitants there occupying the house of Yandaka. This is the origin of the 'great Katsina families' of the Sullubawa of Bugaje and the Yandakawa of Dutsinma.
1143:) into their practice of Islam. Furthermore, the influence held by Bori priests over the Sarakuna was deemed unacceptable for Muslim rulers by Usman and his followers. This religious revolution, or jihad, led to the establishment of the
934:
In 1653, Kwararafa, led by Adashu, launched an attack on Kano, penetrating the city's gates. In 1671, Kwararafa breached Kano once more, resulting in the slaughter of many inhabitants, with the Sarkin Kano fleeing to the neighboring
630:
mended to the extent that the Durbawa were once again considered as candidates for new chiefs during elections. The Durbawa were regarded as the repositories of all knowledge concerning the local deities and spirits, good or evil.
716:
responsible for playing the drum, observes specific traditions, including beating it three times during the turbanning ceremonies of senior district heads. Furthermore, the drum plays a central role in various festivals such as
732:
The 9th Sarkin Katsina, who was also the first Muslim ruler to hold the title, was Muhammadu Korau. His reign spanned from approximately 1492/3 to 1541/2. During his rule, he launched military campaigns against the neighboring
752:
title. He took steps to further strengthen Islam in Katsina. Notably, Ibrahim Sura issued a decree that required his subjects to choose between prayer or imprisonment. Unlike in Kano, where the aristocracy hesitated, the
906:
managed to defeat Katsina, bringing an end to the war. However, in the 1570s, Katsina launched an attack, causing significant damage and advancing right up to the gates of Kano. Towards the end of the century,
669:
inscription that reads, "Help cometh from Allah and victory is nigh, so announce glad tidings to the faithful, O Muhammad!". On the reverse side of the blade, another inscription reads, "There is no sword save
552:
According to oral tradition, the final ruler from Kumayo's lineage was Sanau, who was killed in the middle of the 13th-century at the hands of a certain mallam (Islamic scholar) named Korau, hailing from
939:. Around the same time, Kwararafa also invaded Katsina, breaching its city walls and controlling the western section of the city. They threw numerous city inhabitants into a large pit, now known as
232:
212:
217:
1174:
went to assist the reformers and the Shehu. Na Alhaji was known as a mallam who had married one of the daughters of the Sarkin Katsina. All three individuals were of the Sullubawa Fulbe clan.
242:
237:
222:
207:
34:
227:
641:
and Koton Koro. Subsequently, Jida Yaki, who succeeded Ibrahim, is noted as the last pagan Sarkin Katsina. His reign spanned forty years and was characterized by ongoing conflicts with
1057:
here attained the greatest richness of form and the most refined pronunciation so also the manners of Katséna were distinguished by superior politness from those of the other towns of
403:
according to legend. Throughout its history, Katsina has been governed by various dynasties, including the Wangarawa and the Dallazawa, and was a vassal to neighboring empires such as
202:
682:, the 50th Sarkin Katsina, carried Gajere in his hand during the 1959 royal durbar, marking a historic occasion, as it was the first time the sword was permitted to leave Katsina.
622:," which translates to "successor of Korau, wizard of Sauri, guest of Sanau who killed his host," commemorating this dramatic and fateful turn of events in Katsina's history.
473:
for "men"). This could imply a meaning along the lines of "children of" or "sons of." Alternatively, it could potentially have originated from "Asheni" (Tamashek for "blood").
64:
737:, which bordered Katsina at that time. Importantly, Muhammadu Korau's era witnessed an Islamic revival within Katsina, partly attributed to the visit of the renowned
701:" meaning "Korau the invincible, Korau the possessor of the brazen pot". This pot was used to prepare charms for the king's officials and officers before a battle.
1139:
empires. The primary objective of Usman's jihad was to reform Islam in Hausaland. The Sarakuna (rulers) of the Hausa kingdoms had incorporated elements of Bori (
378:
697:
Among Katsina's historical treasures, the Camel-Drum or Bronze Pot of Korau holds a prominent place. It is famously mentioned in a Hausa song that extols "
757:
or "peasants," embraced Islam in Katsina during this period. Following Ibrahim Sura, Ali Murabus ascended to power and is credited with constructing the
136:
126:
3074:
1256:(the Commander of the Faithful). Each of the leaders complied with this directive and subsequently dispersed to lead the jihad in their respective
878:. Additionally, there were quarters dedicated to various trades, a students' quarter, a dancing quarter, and a quarter situated at each of the
1300:, the capital of Katsina. The Dallazawa dynasty maintained its rule over Katsina until 1904 when Sarkin Katsina Abubakar was deposed by the
1022:
1292:, the Dallazawa dynasty, to which Umaru Dallaji belonged, traced their ancestry back to an Arab named Muhammadu Goshi, who hailed from
1065:
Katsina also evolved into a vital commercial center, attracting numerous caravans from different directions. It assumed the role that
554:
371:
1234:
of 1805–6, Shehu Usman dispatched Umaru Dallaji to coordinate a meeting in Magami, which brought together leaders of the jihad from
927:. However, the two Muslim states eventually set aside their differences and signed a treaty of alliance against their common enemy,
501:
101:
3342:
3029:
1017:. Its zenith of prosperity and influence was in the early 18th-century. Scholars increasingly visited Katsina, favoring it over
967:
3129:
2918:
2886:
2776:
2744:
2637:
653:
The short sword which Korau used to treacherously seize the throne of Katsina is now the insignia of Katsina and is known as
364:
106:
974:. As part of this alliance, each newly enthroned Sarkin Katsina was expected to send a tribute of a hundred slaves to the
3079:
469:
word for "mother," the first part of "Katsina" may have its roots in words like "izze" (Tamashek for "son") and "mazza" (
3104:
3099:
3089:
3084:
986:(Dan Marina), the renowned poet and saint from Katsina, composed a poem to commemorate Mai Ali of Bornu's victory over
784:. Due to its relatively early adoption of Islam and it being a 'major commercial emporium', scholars from all over the
3007:
3337:
3108:
2558:
3119:
3069:
17:
141:
1069:
had previously held as the epicenter of commerce in Hausaland. Katsina's influence extended to regions such as
814:
of Timbuktu. Katsina, in particular, benefited from the influx of Islamic scholars, including individuals like
71:
111:
947:. This incident led to the Kwararafa army's retreat from the city, sparing Katsina from further occupation.
3022:
2910:
Transnational Islam : Circulation of religious Ideas, Actors and Practices between Niger and Nigeria
43:
712:. The sword was taken after his defeat to Agwaragi, Sarkin Katsina, in the middle of the 18th-century.
3114:
1276:
1200:
1148:
657:('the short one'). This blade, which dates back to the 13th century and exhibits influences from the
818:
and Muhammad bin Ahmed. The latter, Muhammad bin Ahmed, remained in Katsina and was appointed as an
446:
In accordance with oral tradition, the name "Katsina" is said to have originated from a princess of
54:
1147:. For the first time in the region's history, it united all of Hausaland under a single ruler, the
1124:
146:
131:
116:
1231:
2453:
1041:(magic squares, ulum al awfaq) and letter images (ulum al harif). The leather-working trade from
1007:
879:
830:
and a devout Muslim, conquered Katsina in 1512. During this period, Katsina essentially became a
762:
121:
592:
3332:
3138:
3015:
1132:
971:
912:
898:
city-states, but it remained indecisive. It was only during the rule of his son and successor,
859:
772:
was established and it functioned as a university. The kingdom attracted Islamic scholars from
408:
838:, but it eventually regained its independence in 1554 following the battle of Karfata against
2390:
1301:
915:, retaliated by raiding Katsina, taking prisoners and horses on the last day of that year's
2766:
637:. Following his reign, Ibrahim Yanka Dari ascended to power and was said to have captured
465:" (Machinna) and "Teshinna" (Tachinna), which feature the suffix "inna," derived from the
8:
1252:
1099:
1045:, introduced by the Songhai, became a significant industry in the kingdom. The explorer
1042:
875:
745:
633:
Korau's era was situated in the mid-13th century, and during his rule, he made war with
3037:
2994:
1281:
1026:
815:
801:
769:
584:, whose name may have derived from "kora," meaning 'to drive out,' had a background in
500:
According to oral tradition, the first dynasty to rule over Katsina was established by
2938:
2824:
2734:
2627:
2542:
2986:
2958:
2914:
2882:
2856:
2805:
2772:
2740:
2709:
2673:
2633:
2595:
2544:
The Emirates of Northern Nigeria: A Preliminary Survey of Their Historical Traditions
1131:
kingdom but quickly gained momentum across the region and even reached as far as the
1066:
903:
658:
466:
431:
1211:
Another version of the tradition suggests that after receiving their flags from the
1268:
1144:
1013:
During this period, Katsina rose to prominence as one of the leading cities in the
995:
899:
823:
811:
614:
462:
86:
955:
2268:
1839:
1786:
1212:
1167:
1120:
1038:
975:
924:
843:
662:
626:
564:
513:
490:
458:
451:
320:
260:
2977:
Ghanem, Isam (1975). "The Causes and Motives of the Jihad in Northern Nigeria".
1296:. Muhammadu Goshi settled in Makau, located near Giremawa on the plains east of
1154:
The Katsinawa offered support for the jihad. Much of this support came from the
3311:
3231:
3226:
3196:
3186:
3161:
1216:
1196:
1112:
1058:
1054:
1046:
1014:
991:
891:
871:
827:
807:
785:
558:
509:
470:
427:
419:
404:
396:
76:
748:
in 1493. Muhammadu Korau was succeeded by Ibrahim Sura, whose last name is a
486:
422:, attracting scholars from the wider region, especially during the decline of
3326:
3291:
3271:
3045:
2990:
2860:
2809:
2713:
2599:
1761:
1494:
1263:
1243:
1239:
1220:
1187:
1140:
1104:
1074:
1070:
936:
908:
738:
685:
601:
532:
517:
494:
447:
392:
350:
330:
305:
174:
2874:
2329:
1293:
1235:
1177:
1078:
895:
773:
734:
679:
625:
Korau's dynasty was known as the Wangarawa, a name likely derived from the
340:
335:
290:
285:
265:
164:
96:
91:
796:
3261:
2908:
1790:
1455:
1116:
1034:
944:
867:
839:
749:
721:
717:
325:
315:
280:
275:
270:
179:
2844:
2793:
3266:
3151:
2998:
1289:
1275:
Despite Umaru Dallaje being the only recognised Emir of Katsina by the
1136:
1087:
1021:. Katsina also produced well respected scholars such as the celebrated
983:
979:
920:
345:
310:
295:
2697:
2583:
1111:
At the outset of the 19th century, an Islamic revolution swept across
3201:
3171:
1520:
1352:
1247:
1204:
1155:
987:
928:
638:
634:
541:
505:
426:
in the 17th and 18th centuries. However, in 1903, Katsina came under
400:
81:
2559:"Katsina | Map, Ancient City, & Emirate in Nigeria | Britannica"
3176:
1469:
1166:. When the jihad erupted in Katsina, Umaru Dumyawa, Na Alhaji, and
1049:, who visited the kingdom a century later, described the period as:
1018:
781:
671:
423:
3306:
3246:
3236:
3206:
3181:
3166:
3156:
3055:
2845:"A Social and Political History of Katsina Metropolis, 1960-2007"
2540:
1297:
1257:
1171:
1030:
916:
524:
435:
415:
184:
2794:"Pre-Colonial West Africa: The Fall of Songhai Empire Revisited"
708:
sword, known as 'the deaf one,' which was once owned by Yakubu,
3301:
3296:
3286:
3281:
3256:
3241:
3216:
3211:
3146:
1312:
The Hausa rulers of Katsina according to historian S J Hogben.
831:
822:. The spread of Islam in Katsina received further impetus when
777:
169:
1077:
in the west, and encompassed territory to the south as far as
3276:
3251:
3221:
3191:
1757:
1224:
1163:
1128:
1003:
863:
709:
665:
eras, serves as the emblem of Katsina. It is adorned with an
642:
585:
537:
1029:. Scholars in cities like Yandoto and Zaye (known today as
990:
and their eventual expulsion from Hausaland. According to
819:
742:
2875:"Being and Becoming Hausa: Interdisciplinary Perspectives"
1690:
Son of Usman. Also called 'Mai-kere' ('the bearer of the
835:
675:
666:
516:(meaning "tombs of the chief priest"), a settlement near
2625:
1033:) gained gained fame for their works in the fields of
2698:"The Regalia of Katsina, Northern Provinces, Nigeria"
620:
Magajin Korau, Mayen Sauri, Yanka Mashidi Bakon Sanau
604:. Today, the tree stands on the site occupied by the
531:
Janzama, king of the Durbawa, wedded a princess from
810:
became a destination for visiting scholars from the
2940:
Travelers and Discoveries: North and Central Africa
966:Towards the end of the 16th century, following the
788:found Katsina as an attractive place of residence.
2936:
1186:(commander of the cavalry) of Sultan Sery Ussa of
561:). Subsequently, Korau established a new dynasty.
2541:A. H. M. Kirk-Greene S. J. Hogben (1966-01-01).
3324:
450:who wedded Janzama, the ruler of the Durbawa of
399:, believed to be founded by the descendants of
395:stretches over a millennium. It is part of the
3023:
2826:Nigerian Perspectives An Historical Anthology
1158:, a Fulani clan. Umaru Dumyawa, the leader ('
1094:
894:, an eleven-year war erupted between the two
612:('king of Katsina'). Even today, the king's
372:
2849:Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria
2798:Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria
1162:') of the Sullubawa, resided near Zandam in
699:Korau Abu hungurum, Korau mai tukunyar karfe
1647:Also known to 'some' as Muhammadu dan Wari
1493:'Karya Giwa' meaning 'Elephant slayer'. An
3030:
3016:
2671:
2629:One Thousand Years of West African History
1808:
648:
379:
365:
950:
1262:
1176:
1098:
970:, Katsina shifted its allegiance to the
954:
795:
684:
591:
563:
485:
2913:. WAPOSO Series. Ibadan: IFRA-Nigeria.
2822:
2771:. New York: Columbia University Press.
776:and from older Islamic centres such as
618:('praise poetry') includes the phrase "
14:
3325:
2976:
2739:. Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill. 1994.
2695:
2581:
885:
600:The contest took place near Bawada, a
508:, thus the city-state was part of the
3011:
2972:
2970:
2952:
2950:
2932:
2930:
2906:
2842:
2838:
2836:
2764:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2471:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2328:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2061:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2021:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1964:
1962:
1953:
1951:
1942:
1940:
1931:
1861:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1081:. Barth further describes the period:
791:
512:. Kumayo's reign was centered around
2956:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2729:
2727:
2725:
2723:
2702:Journal of the Royal African Society
2691:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2588:Journal of the Royal African Society
2510:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2492:
1307:
481:
2791:
430:. In 1987, it was established as a
24:
2967:
2947:
2927:
2833:
2675:The Muhammadan Emirates Of Nigeria
2626:J.F. and Ian Espie Ajayi (1969).
547:
540:), signifying their connection to
476:
25:
3354:
2907:Apard, Élodie, ed. (2021-07-22).
2753:
2720:
2682:
2646:
2606:
2489:
704:Another significant relic is the
3128:
3039:
203:Pacification of Northern Nigeria
53:
2900:
2867:
2816:
1534:'the putter of men to flight.'
1302:British colonial administration
1002:, Katsina also paid tribute to
3343:Histories of cities in Nigeria
2785:
2575:
2551:
1023:Muhammad Al-Fulani Al-Kishwani
727:
596:Entrance to the palace in 1959
504:, a grandson of the legendary
13:
1:
2963:. New York: Humanities Press.
2483:
1528:Muhammadu 'Mai-sa-maza-gudu'
968:decline of the Songhai Empire
441:
418:was a prominent city in the
7:
2943:. Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.
2937:Dr. Heinrich Barth (1965).
2736:Arabic literature of Africa
10:
3359:
2547:. Oxford University Press.
1095:Under the Sokoto Caliphate
768:Around the same time, the
3137:
3126:
3062:
3052:
2792:Ewa, Ibiang Oden (2017).
2765:Ajayi, J. F. Ade (1976).
2696:Daniel, F. de F. (1932).
2428:
2426:
2365:
2363:
2304:
2302:
2243:
2241:
2187:
2185:
2065:
2063:
2015:
2013:
1989:
1987:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1893:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1396:
1331:
1285:('first among equals').
826:, the first Askia of the
461:, similar to names like "
3338:History of Katsina State
2879:Being and Becoming Hausa
2823:Hodgkin, Thomas (1941).
523:It is worth noting that
1809:Fulani Emirs of Katsina
1621:Muhammadu Toya Rero II
1288:According to historian
1127:initially began in the
848:describes the battle as
649:Korau's royal insignias
2843:Shehu, Jamilu (2012).
2768:History of West Africa
2582:Palmer, H. R. (1927).
1668:Son of Muhammadu Wari
1508:'Eclipser of the sun'
1432:Ruled for forty years
1272:
1191:
1108:
1092:
1063:
963:
951:Under the Bornu empire
855:
804:
763:outer walls of Katsina
694:
597:
578:
497:
2957:Last, Murray (1967).
2881:, Brill, 2010-07-12,
1266:
1225:Republic of the Niger
1180:
1121:Shehu Usman dan Fodio
1102:
1083:
1051:
958:
850:
799:
688:
595:
567:
489:
428:British colonial rule
82:Kwararafa Confederacy
2960:The Sokoto Caliphate
2632:. Prometheus Books.
2584:"History of Katsina"
1539:Aliyu 'Jan Hazo' II
1477:Muhammadu Toya Rero
1006:during the reign of
890:During the reign of
2672:S J Hogben (1930).
1756:Buried at Dokau in
1720:Muhammadu Wari III
1616:Son of 'Tsagarana'
1443:First Muslim sarki
1416:Ibrahim Yanka Dari
1317:
886:Conflicts with Kano
746:Muhammad al-Maghili
510:Hausa Bakwai states
493:marked on a map of
397:Hausa Bakwai states
112:Protectorate Period
2563:www.britannica.com
2137:Sullubawa dynasty
1816:Dallazawa dynasty
1779:Mare Mawa Mahmudu
1631:Muhammadu Wari II
1595:Son of Abdulkarim
1502:Usman 'Tsagarana'
1495:eclipse of the sun
1315:
1282:primus inter pares
1273:
1192:
1170:from Dallaji near
1115:, inspired by the
1109:
1103:Map of Katsina by
1027:Gobirau University
964:
812:Sankore University
805:
792:Under Songhai rule
695:
598:
579:
498:
3320:
3319:
3085:Executive Council
2920:979-10-92312-56-0
2888:978-90-04-18543-2
2778:978-0-231-04103-4
2746:978-90-04-09450-5
2639:978-0-391-00217-3
2481:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2461:
2398:
2335:
2274:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2100:
2053:
2026:
1969:
1958:
1947:
1936:
1845:
1806:
1805:
1684:Muhammadu Kabiya
1679:Son of Toya Rero
1673:Tsagarana Hassan
1610:Usman Na yi Nawa
1513:Aliyu 'Jan Hazo'
1487:Aliyu Karya Giwa
1308:Sarakunan Katsina
1290:Yusufu Bala Usman
1088:Birni Ghasréggomo
800:The 15th-century
674:and no hero save
482:The two dynasties
416:Katsina's capital
389:
388:
16:(Redirected from
3350:
3132:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3032:
3025:
3018:
3009:
3008:
3003:
3002:
2974:
2965:
2964:
2954:
2945:
2944:
2934:
2925:
2924:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2871:
2865:
2864:
2840:
2831:
2830:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2762:
2751:
2750:
2731:
2718:
2717:
2693:
2680:
2679:
2669:
2644:
2643:
2623:
2604:
2603:
2594:(103): 216–236.
2579:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2538:
2459:
2396:
2333:
2272:
2143:
2142:
2134:
2133:
2098:
2051:
2024:
1967:
1956:
1945:
1934:
1843:
1822:
1821:
1813:
1812:
1750:Tsagarana Gwozo
1715:Son of Jan Hazo
1699:Tsagarana Yahya
1472:' or 'holy man'
1437:Muhammadu Korau
1392:Killed by Korau
1355:and son of Bawo
1318:
1314:
1269:Sokoto Caliphate
1253:Amir al-Mu'minin
1149:Sultan of Sokoto
1145:Sokoto Caliphate
880:eight city gates
761:, which are the
514:Durbi ta Kusheyi
452:Durbi ta Kusheyi
381:
374:
367:
57:
47:
46:Northern Nigeria
29:
28:
21:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3323:
3322:
3321:
3316:
3133:
3124:
3058:
3054:State capital:
3048:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3006:
2975:
2968:
2955:
2948:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2905:
2901:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2841:
2834:
2821:
2817:
2790:
2786:
2779:
2763:
2754:
2747:
2733:
2732:
2721:
2694:
2683:
2670:
2647:
2640:
2624:
2607:
2580:
2576:
2567:
2565:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2539:
2490:
2486:
2462:
2458:
2455:
2399:
2395:
2392:
2336:
2332:
2275:
2271:
2269:Muhammadu Dikko
2215:
2214:
2212:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2101:
2097:
2054:
2050:
2027:
2023:
1970:
1966:
1959:
1955:
1948:
1944:
1937:
1933:
1932:Muhammadu Bello
1846:
1842:
1811:
1797:Magajin Halidu
1760:(in modern-day
1709:Karya Giwa III
1516:1589/90–1595/6
1316:Hausa Sarakuna
1310:
1223:(in modern-day
1097:
1039:occult sciences
1000:Infaq al-Maysur
961:Maradin Katsina
953:
888:
845:Tarikh al Sudan
816:Makhluf bin Ali
802:Gobirau Minaret
794:
730:
651:
573:(palace of the
557:(in modern-day
550:
548:Korau's dynasty
491:Durbi Takusheyi
484:
479:
477:Pre-Islamic era
444:
391:The history of
385:
356:
355:
256:
248:
247:
198:
190:
189:
160:
152:
151:
107:Colonial Period
67:
45:
38:
23:
22:
18:Katsina Emirate
15:
12:
11:
5:
3356:
3346:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3143:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3035:
3034:
3027:
3020:
3012:
3005:
3004:
2985:(4): 623–624.
2966:
2946:
2926:
2919:
2899:
2887:
2866:
2832:
2815:
2784:
2777:
2752:
2745:
2719:
2708:(122): 80–83.
2681:
2645:
2638:
2605:
2574:
2550:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2451:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2213:Gidado (Durbi)
2210:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2139:
2138:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1963:
1961:
1952:
1950:
1941:
1939:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1818:
1817:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1794:
1793:
1783:
1782:1804/5–1805/6
1780:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1772:1801/2–1804/5
1770:
1769:Bawa dan Gima
1766:
1765:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:1784/5–1801/2
1741:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:1767/8–1784/5
1731:
1730:Karya Giwa IV
1727:
1726:
1724:
1723:1758/9–1767/8
1721:
1717:
1716:
1713:
1712:1751/2–1758/9
1710:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:1750/1–1751/2
1700:
1696:
1695:
1688:
1687:1740/1–1750/1
1685:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1676:1728/9–1740/1
1674:
1670:
1669:
1666:
1665:1715/6–1728/9
1663:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:1706/7–1715/6
1653:
1652:Karya Giwa II
1649:
1648:
1645:
1644:1704/5–1706/7
1642:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1634:1701/2–1704/5
1632:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1624:1684/5–1701/2
1622:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1613:1667/8–1684/5
1611:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:1655/6–1667/8
1601:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1592:1644/5–1655/6
1590:
1589:Muhammad Wari
1586:
1585:
1583:
1582:1634/5–1644/5
1580:
1579:Ibrahim Gamda
1576:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:1631/2–1634/5
1560:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:1614/5–1631/2
1550:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1542:1612/3–1614/5
1540:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1531:1595/6–1612/3
1529:
1525:
1524:
1519:'Red like the
1517:
1514:
1510:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1491:
1488:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1480:1568/9–1572/3
1478:
1474:
1473:
1466:
1465:1543/4–1568/9
1463:
1459:
1458:
1452:
1451:1541/2–1543/4
1449:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1440:1492/3–1541/2
1438:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1402:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1309:
1306:
1298:Birnin Katsina
1277:Sarkin Musulmi
1199:, his son and
1197:Muhammad Bello
1096:
1093:
1073:in the north,
1055:Háusa language
1047:Heinrich Barth
1031:Birnin-Katsina
1010:(1576–1610).
992:Muhammad Bello
984:Ibn al-Ṣabbāgh
959:Palace of the
952:
949:
887:
884:
828:Songhai Empire
793:
790:
770:Gobirau mosque
729:
726:
667:Islamic prayer
650:
647:
610:sarkin Katsina
575:Sarkin Katsina
549:
546:
483:
480:
478:
475:
443:
440:
434:within modern
387:
386:
384:
383:
376:
369:
361:
358:
357:
354:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
257:
254:
253:
250:
249:
246:
245:
240:
235:
230:
228:Historiography
225:
220:
215:
210:
205:
199:
196:
195:
192:
191:
188:
187:
185:Igbirra People
182:
177:
172:
167:
161:
158:
157:
154:
153:
150:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
68:
63:
62:
59:
58:
50:
49:
40:
39:
32:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3355:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3333:Hausa history
3331:
3330:
3328:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3131:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3051:
3047:
3046:Katsina State
3033:
3028:
3026:
3021:
3019:
3014:
3013:
3010:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2973:
2971:
2962:
2961:
2953:
2951:
2942:
2941:
2933:
2931:
2922:
2916:
2912:
2911:
2903:
2890:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2839:
2837:
2828:
2827:
2819:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2788:
2780:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2748:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2730:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2677:
2676:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2641:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2622:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2578:
2564:
2560:
2554:
2546:
2545:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2488:
2474:
2457:
2441:
2439:
2413:
2411:
2394:
2378:
2376:
2350:
2348:
2331:
2317:
2315:
2289:
2287:
2270:
2256:
2254:
2228:
2226:
2200:
2198:
2172:
2170:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2135:
2125:
2094:
2092:
2060:
2058:
2020:
2018:
1984:
1982:
1930:
1927:
1919:
1917:
1909:
1907:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1881:
1879:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1841:
1840:Umaru Dallaji
1823:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1814:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1787:Umaru Dallaji
1784:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1662:Jan Hazo III
1661:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1549:Maje Ibrahim
1548:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1505:1585–1589/90
1504:
1501:
1500:
1497:in his reign
1496:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1448:Ibrahim Sura
1447:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1313:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1284:
1283:
1278:
1270:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1179:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1141:Hausa animism
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1125:Shehu's jihad
1122:
1118:
1114:
1106:
1105:James Rennell
1101:
1091:
1089:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1015:western Sudan
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
962:
957:
948:
946:
942:
938:
932:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
909:Muhammad Zaki
905:
901:
897:
893:
892:Rumfa of Kano
883:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
854:
849:
847:
846:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
803:
798:
789:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
766:
764:
760:
759:gamuwar Amina
756:
751:
747:
744:
741:scholar from
740:
736:
725:
723:
719:
713:
711:
707:
702:
700:
692:
687:
683:
681:
677:
673:
668:
664:
660:
656:
646:
644:
640:
636:
631:
628:
623:
621:
617:
616:
611:
607:
603:
602:tamarind tree
594:
590:
587:
583:
576:
572:
571:
566:
562:
560:
556:
545:
543:
539:
534:
529:
526:
521:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
496:
495:Katsina state
492:
488:
474:
472:
468:
464:
460:
457:According to
455:
453:
449:
439:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
420:western Sudan
417:
414:At its peak,
412:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
382:
377:
375:
370:
368:
363:
362:
360:
359:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
258:
252:
251:
244:
241:
239:
236:
234:
231:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
200:
194:
193:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
175:Kanuri People
173:
171:
170:Fulani People
168:
166:
163:
162:
156:
155:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
95:
93:
90:
88:
87:Sokoto Period
85:
83:
80:
78:
75:
73:
70:
69:
66:
61:
60:
56:
52:
51:
48:
42:
41:
36:
31:
30:
27:
19:
3094:
2982:
2978:
2959:
2939:
2909:
2902:
2892:, retrieved
2878:
2869:
2852:
2848:
2825:
2818:
2801:
2797:
2787:
2767:
2735:
2705:
2701:
2674:
2628:
2591:
2587:
2577:
2566:. Retrieved
2562:
2553:
2543:
2397:r. 1981–2008
2334:r. 1944–1981
2330:Usman Nagogo
2273:r. 1906–1944
2099:r. 1887–1904
2052:r. 1904–1906
2025:r. 1870–1882
1968:r. 1890–1901
1954:Ahmadu Rufai
1946:r. 1835–1844
1935:r. 1844–1869
1844:r. 1806–1835
1691:
1490:1572/3–1585
1462:Ali Murabus
1454:Likely from
1398:
1397:
1360:Ramba-Ramba
1351:Grandson of
1341:(1100–1260)
1338:
1333:
1332:
1311:
1287:
1280:
1274:
1251:
1250:) to him as
1229:
1210:
1193:
1182:
1181:
1168:Mallam Umaru
1159:
1153:
1110:
1084:
1079:Birnin Gwari
1064:
1052:
1012:
999:
976:Mai of Bornu
972:Bornu Empire
965:
960:
940:
933:
889:
856:
851:
844:
824:Haj Muhammad
806:
786:Sudan region
774:North Africa
767:
758:
754:
735:Nupe kingdom
731:
722:Eid al-Kabir
714:
710:Sarkin Gobir
705:
703:
698:
696:
690:
680:Usman Nagogo
672:Dhu al Faqar
654:
652:
632:
624:
619:
613:
609:
605:
599:
581:
580:
574:
569:
568:
551:
530:
522:
499:
459:H. R. Palmer
456:
445:
413:
390:
300:
213:Demographics
165:Hausa People
159:By ethnicity
147:1999–present
102:Pre-colonial
77:Hausa States
26:
3075:Delegations
2855:: 196–202.
2456:Kabir Usman
2454:Abdulmumini
2393:Kabir Usman
1791:Sabon Birni
1559:Abdulkarim
1267:Map of the
1035:mathematics
1008:Queen Amina
913:Sarkin Kano
728:Islamic era
718:Eid al-Fitr
570:Gidan Korau
180:Nupe People
44:History of
3327:Categories
3267:Malumfashi
3152:Batagarawa
2894:2023-09-22
2568:2023-09-21
2484:References
1785:Killed by
1641:Uban Yari
1426:Jida Yaki
1378:Jarnanata
1369:Bata tare
1232:dry season
980:Ngazargamu
945:Dan Masani
840:Askia Daud
72:Prehistory
3202:Dutsin-Ma
3172:Charanchi
3109:Elections
3090:Governors
3080:Education
2991:0025-1496
2861:0018-2540
2810:0018-2540
2714:0368-4016
2600:0368-4016
2391:Muhammadu
1740:Agwaragi
1600:Sulaiman
1521:Harmattan
1399:Wangarawa
1353:Bayajidda
1205:Sullubawa
1156:Sullubawa
1113:Hausaland
988:Kwararafa
941:Giwa-Rano
929:Kwararafa
900:Abdullahi
808:Hausaland
639:Kwiambana
635:Kwararafa
586:wrestling
542:Bayajidda
442:Etymology
401:Bayajidda
321:Nassarawa
223:Economics
218:Diplomacy
142:1993–1999
137:1983–1993
132:1979–1983
127:1966–1979
122:1963–1966
117:1953–1960
3262:Mai'Adua
3177:Dan Musa
3115:Religion
3105:Politics
2804:: 1–24.
2460:r. 2008–
2096:Abubakar
1470:Marabout
1339:Larabawa
1258:emirates
1183:Madawaki
1119:scholar
1019:Timbuktu
782:Timbuktu
755:talakawa
693:of Korau
506:Bayajida
467:Tamashek
424:Timbuktu
255:By state
238:Military
233:Medicine
197:By topic
65:Timeline
35:a series
33:Part of
3307:Sandamu
3247:Katsina
3237:Kankara
3207:Faskari
3182:Dandume
3167:Bindawa
3157:Batsari
3095:History
3056:Katsina
2999:2800142
2022:Ibrahim
1957:r. 1869
1800:1805/6
1762:Zamfara
1753:1801/2
1572:1634/5
1569:Ashafa
1409:1260–?
1346:Kumayo
1334:Durbawa
1244:Zamfara
1230:In the
1172:Bindawa
1075:Zamfara
1025:of the
998:in his
921:Kutumbi
917:Ramadan
902:, that
872:Songhai
663:Ayyubid
659:Almohad
627:Wangara
606:Kangiwa
555:Yandoto
525:Amazigh
463:Masinna
436:Nigeria
405:Songhai
393:Katsina
351:Zamfara
331:Plateau
301:Katsina
261:Adamawa
208:Culture
3302:Safana
3297:Sabuwa
3287:Musawa
3282:Matazu
3257:Kusada
3242:Kankia
3217:Ingawa
3212:Funtua
3147:Bakori
3100:People
3063:Topics
2997:
2989:
2917:
2885:
2859:
2808:
2775:
2743:
2712:
2636:
2598:
2157:Dahiru
1943:Sidiku
1406:Korau
1387:Sanau
1327:Notes
1324:Reign
1321:Sarki
1271:(1870)
1248:bay'ah
1242:, and
1221:Maradi
1201:vizier
1190:(1927)
1188:Maradi
1164:Jibiya
1123:. The
1117:Fulani
1107:(1798)
1071:Maradi
1043:Agadez
996:Sokoto
925:Alhaji
923:, and
876:Agadez
874:, and
842:. The
832:vassal
820:Alkali
778:Walata
739:Maliki
691:Gajere
655:Gajere
615:kirari
502:Kumayo
341:Taraba
336:Sokoto
291:Kaduna
286:Jigawa
266:Bauchi
37:on the
3312:Zango
3277:Mashi
3252:Kurfi
3232:Kaita
3227:Kafur
3222:Jibia
3197:Dutsi
3192:Daura
3187:Danja
3162:Baure
3120:Sport
3070:Crime
2995:JSTOR
1758:Gusau
1468:'The
1294:Wadai
1240:Daura
1217:Kaura
1213:Shehu
1133:Bornu
1129:Gobir
1059:Háusa
1004:Zaria
937:Daura
896:Hausa
864:Gobir
860:Bornu
643:Gobir
582:Korau
559:Chafe
538:Arabs
533:Daura
471:Hausa
448:Daura
432:state
409:Bornu
326:Niger
316:Kwara
306:Kebbi
281:Gombe
276:Borno
271:Benue
243:Women
97:Bornu
92:Kanem
3292:Rimi
3272:Mani
3139:LGAs
2987:ISSN
2915:ISBN
2883:ISBN
2857:ISSN
2806:ISSN
2773:ISBN
2741:ISBN
2710:ISSN
2634:ISBN
2596:ISSN
2049:Yero
1965:Musa
1692:kere
1456:Mali
1337:and
1236:Kano
1160:Ardo
1135:and
1067:Kano
1053:the
904:Kano
868:Mali
780:and
750:Mali
743:Tuat
720:and
706:Bebe
689:The
661:and
518:Mani
407:and
346:Yobe
311:Kogi
296:Kano
2979:Man
2463:(4)
2400:(3)
2337:(2)
2276:(1)
2102:(7)
2055:(8)
2028:(5)
1971:(6)
1960:(4)
1949:(2)
1938:(3)
1847:(1)
1789:at
1694:')
1304:.
1227:).
1137:Oyo
994:of
978:in
836:Gao
834:of
765:.
678:."
676:Ali
454:.
3329::
2993:.
2983:10
2981:.
2969:^
2949:^
2929:^
2877:,
2853:21
2851:.
2847:.
2835:^
2802:26
2800:.
2796:.
2755:^
2722:^
2706:31
2704:.
2700:.
2684:^
2648:^
2608:^
2592:26
2590:.
2586:.
2561:.
2491:^
1764:)
1523:'
1429:?
1419:?
1238:,
1151:.
1037:,
931:.
911:,
882:.
870:,
866:,
862:,
724:.
645:.
544:.
438:.
411:.
3111:)
3107:(
3031:e
3024:t
3017:v
3001:.
2923:.
2863:.
2829:.
2812:.
2781:.
2749:.
2716:.
2678:.
2642:.
2602:.
2571:.
1260:.
1061:.
577:)
380:e
373:t
366:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
