Kaushitaki Upanishad

2206:सत्यमित्येतावदिदं सर्वमिदं सर्वमसि । इत्येवैनं तदाह । तदेतदृक्श्लोकेनाभ्युक्तं यजूदरः सामशिरा असावृङ्मूर्तिरव्ययः । स ब्रह्मेति हि विज्ञेय ऋषिर्ब्रह्ममयो महानिति । तमाह केन मे पौंस्रानि नामान्याप्नोतीति प्राणेनेति ब्रूयात् । केन स्त्रीनामानीति वाचेति केन नपुंसकनामानीति मनसेति केन गन्धानिति घ्राणेनेति ब्रूयात् । केन रूपाणीति चक्षुषेति केन शब्दानिति श्रोत्रेणेति केनान्नरसानिति जिह्वयेति केन कर्माणीति हस्ताभ्यामिति केन सुखदुःखे इति शरीरेणेति केनानन्दं रतिं प्रजापतिमित्युपस्थेनेति । केनेत्या इति पादाभ्यामिति केन धियो विज्ञातव्यं कामानिति प्रज्ञयेति ब्रूयात्तमह । आपो वै खलु मे ह्यसावयं ते लोक इति सा या ब्रह्मणॊ जितिर्या व्यष्टिस्तां जितिं जयति तां व्यष्टिं व्यश्नुते य एवं वेद य एवं वेद ॥ ६ ॥ ( 2307:, pages 50–51; Sanskrit: न वाचं विजिज्ञासीत वक्तारं विद्यान्न गन्धं विजिज्ञासीत घ्रातारं विद्यान्न रूपं विजिज्ञासीत रूपविद्यं विद्यान्न शब्दं विजिज्ञासीत श्रोतारं विद्यान्नान्नरसं विजिज्ञासीतान्नरसविज्ञातारं विद्यान्न कर्म विजिज्ञासीत कर्तारं विद्यान्न सुखदुःखे विजिज्ञासीत सुखदुःखयोर्विज्ञातारं विद्यान्नानन्दं न रतिं न प्रजातिं विजिज्ञासीतानन्दस्य रतेः प्रजातेर्विज्ञातारं विद्यान्नेत्यां विजिज्ञासीतैतारं विद्यात् । न मनो विजिज्ञासीत मन्तारं विद्यात् । ता वा एता दशैव भूतमात्रा अधिप्रज्ञं दश प्रज्ञामात्रा अधिभूतं यद्धि भूतमात्रा न स्युर्न प्रज्ञामात्राः स्युर्यद्वा प्रज्ञामात्रा न स्युर्न भूतमात्राः स्युः ॥ ८ ॥ 1797:

sight cannot define a human being, because we see human beings midst us who are born without the ability of sight (blind); that hearing cannot define a human being, because we see human beings midst us who are born without the ability to hear (deaf); that mind cannot define a human being, because we see human beings midst us who are without the power of clear thinking (foolishness); that arms or legs cannot define a human being, because we see human beings midst us who lose their arms or legs (cut in an accident). A being has life-force, which is consciousness. And that which is conscious, has life-force.

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mind. Then it posits that freedom and liberation comes not from sense-objects, not from sense-organs, not from subjective psychological powers of mind, but that it comes from "knowledge and action" alone. The one who knows Self, and acts harmoniously with the Self, solemnly exists as the highest God which is that Self (Atman) itself. The chapter invokes deity Indra, personifies him as Atman and reveals him as communicating that he is Life-breath and Atman, and Atman is him and all is One.

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realizes and understands his true nature as identical with the universe, the Brahman. To those who don't understand their Atman, they blindly serve their senses and cravings, they worship the without; and in contrast, those who do understand their Atman, their senses serve their Atman, they live holistically.

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The chapter presents the metaphysical definition of a human being as Consciousness, Atman, Self. In verse 3, it develops the foundation for this definition by explaining that speech cannot define a human being, because we see human beings midst us who are born without the power of speech (dumb); that

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After asserting Atman (Self) as personified God in first two chapters, the Kausitaki Upanishad develops the philosophical doctrine of the Atman in the third chapter. It identifies perception of sense-objects as dependent on sense-organs, which in turn depend on integrative psychological powers of the

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The complete hymn is: स होवाच ये वै के चास्माल्लोकात्प्रयन्ति चन्द्रमसमेव ते सर्वे गच्च्हन्ति । तेषां प्राणैः पूर्वपक्ष आप्यायते । अथापरपक्षे न प्रजनयति । एतद्वै स्वर्गस्य लोकस्य द्वारं यश्चन्द्रमास्तं यत्प्रत्याह तमतिसृजतेऽथ य एनं प्रत्याहतमिह वृष्टिर्भूत्वा वर्षति स इह कीटो वा पतङ्गो वा शकुनिर्वा

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The Kaushitaki Upanishad has been translated by many scholars, but the translations vary because the manuscripts used vary. It was translated into Persian in medieval times, as Kokhenk; however, the manuscript used for that translation has been lost. The most cited English translations are those by

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translates these last verses as, "Prana is prajna, it is joy, it is eternally young, it is immortal. This is the guardian of the world, this is the king of the world, this is the lord of the world, this is my Self. Thus let a man know, thus let a man know." Robert Hume summarizes the last verse of

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In the second chapter of the Kausitaki Upanishad, each life and all lives is declared as Brahman (Universal Self, Eternal Being). To the extent a person realizes that his being is identical with Brahman, to that extent he is Brahman. He doesn't need to pray, states Kausitaki Upanishad, the one who

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offered in the morning and in the evening, must be replaced with inner Agnihotram, the ritual of introspection". Paul Deussen states that this chapter reformulates religion, by declaring, "religion is supposed not to consist in the observance of the external cult; but that which places the whole

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suggests that these different chapter numbers may reflect that Upanishadic layer of Vedic literature were created and incorporated as spiritual knowledge in the pre-existing Aranyaka-layer of Vedic texts, and when this was being done in distant parts of India, the sequencing information was not

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The complete hymn is: ऋतुरस्म्यार्तवोऽस्म्याकाशाद्योनेः सम्भूतो भार्या एतत्संवत्सरस्य तेजोभूतस्य भूतस्यात्मभूतस्य त्वमात्मासि यस्त्वमसि सोहमस्मीति तमाह कोऽहमस्मीति सत्यमिति ब्रूयात्किं तद्यत्सत्यमिति यदन्यद्देवेभ्यश्च प्राणेभ्यश्च तत्सदथ यद्देवाच्च प्राणाश्च तत्त्यं तदेतया वाचाभिव्याह्रियते

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The fourth chapter of Kausitaki Upanishad builds on the third chapter, but it peculiarly varies in various manuscripts of Rig veda discovered in Indian subcontinent. This suggests that this chapter may be an addition of a later era. Despite the variations, the central idea is similar in all

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The chronology of Kaushitaki Upanishad, like other Upanishads, is unclear. It is based on an analysis of archaism, style and repetitions across texts, driven by assumptions about likely evolution of ideas, and on presumptions about which philosophy might have influenced which other Indian

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The Kaushitaki Upanishad is part of the Rig veda, but it occupies different chapter numbers in the Veda manuscripts discovered in different parts of India. Three sequences are most common: the Upanishad is chapters 1, 2, 3 and 4 of Kausitaki Aranyaka, or 6, 7, 8, 9 chapters of that

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Kaushitaki Upanishad was probably composed before the middle of the 1st millennium BCE. Ranade places Kaushitaki chronological composition in the third group of ancient Upanishads, composed about the time of Aitareya and Taittiriya Upanishads.

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In the last verses of chapter 3, the Kaushitaki Upanishad asserts that to really know someone, one must know his Self. Know the Self of the subject, not just superficial objects. The structure of its argument is as follows (abridged),

883:, and other scholars, the Kaushitaki Upanishad was likely composed in a pre-Buddhist period, but after the more ancient Brihadaranyaka and Chandogya Upanishads, placing the Kaushitaki text between 6th to 5th century BCE. 1717:

In verse 6 of chapter 1, the Kausitaki Upanishad asserts that a man is the season (nature), sprouts from season, rises from a cradle, reborn through his wife, as splendour. It then states, in a dialogue between Man and

2012: 2438: 1875:. This last chapter of Kausitaki Upanishad states that Brahman and Self are one, there is ultimate unity in the Self, which is the creative, pervasive, supreme and universal in each living being. 1784:

life, with every breathe, in its service." It is knowledge that makes one the most beautiful, the most glorious, and the strongest. Not rituals, but knowledge should be one's pursuit.

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posits that Kaushitaki Upanishad was probably composed after Brihadaranyaka, Chandogya and Taittiriya Upanishads, but before all other ancient Principal Upanishads of Hinduism.

1687:, and then it asks whether there is liberation and freedom from the cycles of birth and rebirth. Verse 2 of the first chapter states it as follows (abridged), 1665: 782: 1683:

In the first chapter of the Kausitaki Upanishad, rebirth and transmigration of Atman (Self) is asserted as existent, and that one's life is affected by

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There is some evidence that the Kaushitaki Upanishad, in some manuscripts, had nine chapters, but these manuscripts are either lost or yet to be found.

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as well as Winternitz consider the Kaushitaki Upanishad as amongst the most ancient prose style Upanishads, and pre-Buddhist, pre-Jaina literature.

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recensions so far. The chapter offers sixteen themes in explaining what Brahman (Atman) is, which overlaps with the twelve found in Chapter 2 of

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Kaushitaki's Chapter 3 as stating that "a human being's ethical responsibility, his very self being is identical with the world-all".

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One should not desire to understand pleasure and pain from excitation but should desire to know him who feels the pleasure and pain,

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Ian Whicher (1999), The Integrity of the Yoga Darsana: A Reconsideration of Classical Yoga, State University of New York Press,

2488: 2136: 2103: 1808:, Prajna is prana" (वै प्राणः सा प्रज्ञा या वा प्रज्ञा स प्राणः, Life-force is consciousness, consciousness is life-force). 1651: 768: 2367: 2304: 2272: 2243: 2200: 2171: 2079: 2063: 2046: 2029: 1999: 1979: 1914: 3152: 1420: 537: 4474: 2428:

Edward Cowell (Translator), Sanskrit version is in pages 1–144, Cowell's English translation begins page 145 onwards.

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The Kausitaki Upanishad is a prose text, divided into four chapters, containing 6, 15, 9 and 20 verses respectively.

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the splendour of the past and the cause, the Self of all that is sensible and insensible, and of the five elements;

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One should not desire to understand the opinion and thinking but should desire to know him who opines and thinks.

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In many verses of chapter 3, the theme, the proof and the premise is re-asserted by Kaushitaki Upanishad, that "

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Edward Cowell translates the above verses that declare the "Oneness in Atman and Brahman" principle as follows,

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One should not desire to understand the smell (described by a person) but should desire to know him who smells,

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Stephen Phillips (2009), Yoga, Karma, and Rebirth: A Brief History and Philosophy, Columbia University Press,

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One should not desire to understand the form (of the person) but should desire to know him who sees the form,

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He declares, "Man is the Self is every living being. You are the self of every being. What you are, I am."

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One should not desire to understand the food (description) but should desire to know him who tastes,

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One should not desire to understand the sound (described) but should desire to know him who hears,

834:. It was included in Robert Hume's list of 13 Principal Upanishads, and lists as number 25 in the 4619: 4614: 4544: 4419: 4389: 4374: 4284: 4259: 4254: 3671: 3531: 3202: 2742: 2685: 1931: 1826:

One should not desire to understand the deed but should desire to know him who performs the deed,

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In verse 5 of the second chapter, the Kausitaki Upanishad asserts that "external rituals such as

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Because if there were no elements of material being, there would be no elements of consciousness

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Because if there were no elements of consciousness, there would be no elements of material being

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This is my Atman (Self) which one should know, O! this is my Atman which one should know.

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One should not desire to understand the speech but should desire to know him who speaks,

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Ian Whicher dates Kaushitaki Upanishad to about 800 BCE. According to a 1998 review by

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The Kaushitaki Upanishad, also known as Kaushitaki Brahmana Upanishad, is part of the

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Because any one phenomenon does not come about through the one without the other,

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comprises 15 chapters and four of these chapters form the Kaushitaki Upanishad.

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M Winternitz (2010), History of Indian Literature, Vol 1, Motilal Banarsidass,

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Until ye, seasons, me led to death by virtue of this truth, by virtue of this

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Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Volume 1, Motilal Banarsidass,

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Edward Cowell (Translator), Asiatic Society of Bengal (1861), pages 166–167

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Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Volume 1, Motilal Banarsidass,

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Edward Cowell (Translator), Asiatic Society of Bengal (1861), pages 161–163

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Edward Cowell (Translator), Asiatic Society of Bengal (1861), page 149

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Kaushitaki Upanishad, Chapter 1, Hymn 6, Translated by Paul Deussen)

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Indische Studien: Beiträge für die Kunde des indischen Alterthums

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Robert Hume (Translator), Oxford University Press, pages 327–328

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Kaushitaki Upanishad, Chapter 1, Translated by Edward Cowell

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Robert Hume (Translator), Oxford University Press, page 334

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Robert Hume (Translator), Oxford University Press, page 328

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Eduard Cowell, Paul Deussen, Robert Hume and Max Muller.

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Upanishad, meaning that it is "common" to all schools of

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Robert Hume (Translator), Oxford University Press (1921)

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Yoga, Karma, and Rebirth: A Brief History and Philosophy

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Juan Mascaro (1965), The Upanishads, Penguin Classics,

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I am the seasons, I am the child of the seasons !

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The Early Upanishads: Annotated Text and Translation

2015:, Chapter 1, page 16, see pages 13-18 for discussion 2760: 815:) is an ancient Sanskrit text contained inside the 2120: 1695:From the twelvefold, from the thirteenfold father, 1693:As twelvefold year, as thirteenth beyond the moon, 27:One of the ancient Sanskrit scriptures of Hinduism 2151:Some manuscripts number the chapter into 7 verses 896:, or chapters 1, 7, 8 and 9 in some manuscripts. 4697: 2422:Max Muller (Translator), Oxford University Press 2118: 2091: 2295: 2293: 2260: 2258: 2256: 2254: 2252: 2231: 2229: 2227: 2188: 2186: 2159: 2157: 2085: 2013:A Constructive Survey of Upanishadic Philosophy 1697:The this one and the other versus this to know, 1968: 4117: 2482: 1965:, Oxford University Press, pages xcviii to ci 1902: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1659: 776: 2290: 2249: 2224: 2183: 2154: 4131: 2098:. Oxford University Press. pp. 12–13. 1948: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1750:from the self manifesting light of Brahman; 4124: 4110: 2489: 2475: 1893: 1666: 1652: 783: 769: 2041:S Sharma (1985), Life in the Upanishads, 1937: 1756:Thou art Self. What thou art, that am I. 2380:Kausitaki Upanishad Chapter 4, Verse 20 1712:Kaushitaki Upanishad, Chapter 1, Hymn 2 14: 4698: 2311:म आत्मेति विद्यात्स म आत्मेति विद्यात् 2127:. Columbia University Press. pp. 2035: 4105: 2470: 4086: 1722:(Universal Self, Eternal Reality), 24: 1760:His answer, "Thou art the Truth". 25: 4717: 2407: 1928:The Thirteen Principal Upanishads 1865: 1770: 1748:I am born from the womb of space; 4132: 4085: 4075: 4066: 4065: 4054: 2759: 2505: 2497: 2452: 1787: 1746:I am time, I am what is in time; 1678: 934: 51: 4055: 2385: 2373: 2356: 2344: 2332: 2320: 2278: 2212: 2145: 2112: 2068: 1878: 1758:Brahma says to him, "Who am I?" 3980:Relations with other religions 2052: 2018: 2005: 1985: 1920: 1853:Kausitaki Upanishad, Chapter 3 1730:Brahman answers, "The Truth." 13: 1: 1887: 858: 819:. It is associated with the 1926:Hume, Robert Ernest (1921), 886: 7: 2460:public domain audiobook at 1691:Born am I and again reborn, 811: 10: 4722: 1728:Man asks, "Who am I then?" 928:Hindu scriptures and texts 910: 45:Hindu scriptures and texts 4145: 4052: 3879: 3844: 3670: 3605: 3512: 3439: 3432: 3331: 3234: 3225: 3133: 3019: 2976: 2943: 2861: 2835: 2807: 2798: 2777: 2768: 2757: 2676: 2545: 2536: 2515: 2401:, Volume 1, pages 392–393 2119:Stephen Phillips (2009). 2092:Patrick Olivelle (1998). 1842:(life-force) is also the 838:canon of 108 Upanishads. 806: 3124:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali 1873:Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 3203:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam 1932:Oxford University Press 1707:Who are you? I am you. 1638:Timeline of Hindu texts 1471:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam 901:implemented uniformly. 755:Timeline of Hindu texts 588:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam 4475:Paramahamsaparivrajaka 3178:Eighteen Greater Texts 2002:, Introduction Chapter 1856: 1768: 1738: 1715: 1446:Eighteen Greater Texts 563:Eighteen Greater Texts 3931:Hindu gurus and sants 3183:Eighteen Lesser Texts 1814: 1752:the seed of the year; 1742: 1724: 1689: 1451:Eighteen Lesser Texts 568:Eighteen Lesser Texts 3921:Anti-Hindu sentiment 2458:Kaushitaki Upanishad 2443:Sri Aurobindo Ashram 2426:Kaushitaki Upanishad 2420:Kaushitaki Upanishad 2414:Kaushitaki Upanishad 2339:Kaushitaki Upanishad 2285:Kaushitaki Upanishad 2219:Kaushitaki Upanishad 849:Shankhayana Aranyaka 798:Kaushitaki Upanishad 4027:Hinduism by country 3193:Iraiyanar Akapporul 3153:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai 2351:Kausitaki Upanishad 2327:Kausitaki Upanishad 1461:Iraiyanar Akapporul 1421:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai 1167:Related Hindu texts 844:Kaushitaki Aranyaka 578:Iraiyanar Akapporul 538:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai 284:Related Hindu texts 4365:Trishikhi-brahmana 853:Kausitaki Aranyaka 812:Kauṣītaki Upaniṣad 4693: 4692: 4675:Sarasvati-rahasya 4360:Naradaparivrajaka 4280:Nrisimha Tapaniya 4099: 4098: 3875: 3874: 3428: 3427: 3221: 3220: 3135:Sangam literature 3091:Yājñavalkya Smṛti 2939: 2938: 2755: 2754: 2138:978-0-231-14485-8 2105:978-0-19-512435-4 1676: 1675: 1466:Abhirami Anthadhi 1404:Sangam literature 1257:Vaishnava puranas 793: 792: 583:Abhirami Anthadhi 521:Sangam literature 374:Vaishnava puranas 16:(Redirected from 4713: 4670:Saubhagyalakshmi 4385:Mandala-brahmana 4136: 4126: 4119: 4112: 4103: 4102: 4089: 4088: 4079: 4069: 4068: 4058: 4057: 3968:Pilgrimage sites 3722:Ganesh Chaturthi 3437: 3436: 3232: 3231: 3213:Vedarthasamgraha 3208:Vinayagar Agaval 3173:Five Great Epics 3148:Divya Prabandham 3061:Minor Upanishads 2805: 2804: 2775: 2774: 2763: 2762: 2543: 2542: 2509: 2501: 2491: 2484: 2477: 2468: 2467: 2456: 2455: 2402: 2389: 2383: 2377: 2371: 2360: 2354: 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2927: 2924: 2922: 2919: 2917: 2914: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2904: 2902: 2899: 2897: 2894: 2892: 2889: 2887: 2884: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2869: 2868: 2866: 2864: 2860: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2841: 2840: 2838: 2834: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2818: 2815: 2813: 2810: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2801: 2797: 2791: 2788: 2786: 2783: 2782: 2780: 2776: 2773: 2771: 2767: 2748: 2744: 2741: 2737: 2736: 2732: 2730: 2729: 2725: 2723: 2722: 2718: 2717: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2687: 2684: 2683: 2681: 2679: 2675: 2667: 2664: 2662: 2659: 2657: 2654: 2652: 2649: 2647: 2644: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2623: 2622: 2619: 2618: 2613: 2610: 2608: 2605: 2603: 2600: 2598: 2595: 2594: 2593: 2590: 2589: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2544: 2541: 2539: 2535: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2521: 2518: 2517: 2514: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2492: 2487: 2485: 2480: 2478: 2473: 2472: 2469: 2463: 2459: 2451: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2437: 2433: 2432:Sri Aurobindo 2430: 2427: 2424: 2421: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2411: 2400: 2397:, p. 392, at 2396: 2395: 2388: 2381: 2376: 2370:, pages 51–54 2369: 2365: 2359: 2352: 2347: 2340: 2335: 2328: 2323: 2316: 2312: 2306: 2302: 2296: 2294: 2286: 2281: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2261: 2259: 2257: 2255: 2253: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2232: 2230: 2228: 2220: 2215: 2209: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2189: 2187: 2180: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2160: 2158: 2148: 2140: 2134: 2130: 2125: 2124: 2115: 2107: 2101: 2097: 2096: 2088: 2081: 2077: 2071: 2065: 2061: 2055: 2049:, pages 17-19 2048: 2044: 2038: 2031: 2027: 2021: 2014: 2008: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1988: 1981: 1977: 1971: 1964: 1960: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1947: 1945: 1943: 1941: 1933: 1929: 1923: 1917:, pages 21–23 1916: 1912: 1908: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1897: 1892: 1885: 1876: 1874: 1863: 1860: 1859:Edward Cowell 1849: 1845: 1841: 1813: 1809: 1807: 1803: 1798: 1794: 1788:Third chapter 1785: 1782: 1777: 1761: 1741: 1731: 1723: 1721: 1708: 1702: 1688: 1686: 1679:First chapter 1669: 1664: 1662: 1657: 1655: 1650: 1649: 1647: 1646: 1639: 1636: 1635: 1629: 1628: 1621: 1618: 1616: 1613: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1601: 1600:Shiva Samhita 1598: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1590:Yoga Vasistha 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1565:Vastu Shastra 1563: 1561: 1560:Natya Shastra 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1516: 1515:Brahma Sutras 1513: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1505:Artha Shastra 1503: 1501: 1498: 1497: 1494: 1490: 1485: 1484: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1408: 1405: 1400: 1399: 1390: 1387: 1386: 1385: 1382: 1378: 1375: 1374: 1373: 1370: 1369: 1366: 1361: 1360: 1353: 1350: 1349: 1348: 1346: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1329: 1326: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1315: 1314: 1312: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1294:Varaha Purana 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1265: 1262: 1261: 1260: 1258: 1251: 1248: 1246: 1243: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1231: 1228: 1227: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1215: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1179: 1176: 1171: 1170: 1166: 1165: 1158: 1155: 1153: 1152:Bhagavad Gita 1150: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1138: 1137: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1117: 1116: 1115: 1113: 1112:Atharva vedic 1106: 1103: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1078: 1077: 1076: 1074: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1058: 1057: 1055: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1027: 1020: 1017: 1015: 1012: 1010: 1007: 1005: 1002: 1001: 1000: 998: 991: 988: 986: 983: 981: 978: 976: 973: 972: 969: 964: 963: 958: 955: 952: 949: 947: 944: 943: 942: 941: 937: 933: 932: 929: 926: 925: 921: 917: 916: 908: 905: 902: 899: 895: 884: 882: 877: 875: 871: 865: 856: 854: 850: 846: 845: 839: 837: 833: 829: 825: 822: 818: 813: 804: 800: 799: 786: 781: 779: 774: 772: 767: 766: 764: 763: 756: 753: 752: 746: 745: 738: 735: 733: 730: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 717:Shiva Samhita 715: 713: 710: 708: 707:Yoga Vasistha 705: 703: 700: 698: 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 683: 682:Vastu Shastra 680: 678: 677:Natya Shastra 675: 673: 670: 668: 665: 663: 660: 658: 655: 653: 650: 648: 645: 643: 640: 638: 635: 633: 632:Brahma Sutras 630: 628: 625: 623: 622:Artha Shastra 620: 618: 615: 614: 611: 607: 602: 601: 594: 591: 589: 586: 584: 581: 579: 576: 574: 571: 569: 566: 564: 561: 559: 556: 554: 551: 549: 546: 544: 541: 539: 536: 534: 531: 529: 526: 525: 522: 517: 516: 507: 504: 503: 502: 499: 495: 492: 491: 490: 487: 486: 483: 478: 477: 470: 467: 466: 465: 463: 456: 453: 451: 448: 446: 443: 441: 438: 436: 433: 432: 431: 429: 422: 419: 417: 414: 412: 411:Varaha Purana 409: 407: 404: 402: 399: 397: 394: 392: 389: 387: 384: 382: 379: 378: 377: 375: 368: 365: 363: 360: 358: 355: 353: 350: 348: 345: 344: 343: 338: 333: 332: 325: 322: 320: 317: 315: 312: 310: 307: 305: 302: 300: 297: 296: 293: 288: 287: 283: 282: 275: 272: 270: 269:Bhagavad Gita 267: 265: 262: 261: 255: 254: 247: 244: 242: 239: 237: 234: 233: 232: 230: 229:Atharva vedic 223: 220: 218: 215: 213: 210: 208: 205: 203: 200: 198: 195: 194: 193: 191: 184: 181: 179: 176: 175: 174: 172: 165: 162: 160: 157: 156: 155: 150: 145: 144: 137: 134: 132: 129: 127: 124: 122: 119: 118: 117: 115: 108: 105: 103: 100: 98: 95: 93: 90: 89: 86: 81: 80: 75: 72: 69: 66: 64: 61: 60: 59: 58: 54: 50: 49: 46: 43: 42: 38: 34: 33: 30: 19: 4640:Shatyayaniya 4570:Rudrahridaya 4420:Ramatapaniya 4415:Rama Rahasya 4410:Advayataraka 4405:Mahanarayana 4320:Shukarahasya 4275:Brihajjabala 4269: 4265:Maitrayaniya 4042:Architecture 3645:Brahmacharya 3587:Samavartanam 3552:Annaprashana 3418: 3321: 3122: 3076:Dharmaśāstra 3066:Arthashastra 2901:Maitrayaniya 2875: 2733: 2726: 2719: 2641:Brahmacharya 2435: 2399:Google Books 2392: 2387: 2375: 2358: 2346: 2334: 2322: 2310: 2280: 2265:Paul Deussen 2236:Paul Deussen 2214: 2193:Paul Deussen 2164:Paul Deussen 2147: 2122: 2114: 2094: 2087: 2070: 2054: 2037: 2020: 2007: 1987: 1970: 1963:Google Books 1956: 1922: 1907:Paul Deussen 1882: 1879:Translations 1869: 1857: 1843: 1839: 1815: 1810: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1778: 1774: 1743: 1739: 1725: 1716: 1690: 1682: 1570:Panchatantra 1530:Nyāya Sūtras 1426:Thiruppugazh 1344: 1342: 1310: 1308: 1256: 1254: 1224: 1111: 1109: 1072: 1070: 1053: 1051: 1046: 1036: 996: 994: 906: 903: 898:Paul Deussen 890: 878: 870:Juan Mascaró 866: 862: 852: 848: 842: 840: 820: 797: 796: 794: 687:Panchatantra 647:Nyāya Sūtras 543:Thiruppugazh 461: 459: 427: 425: 373: 371: 341: 228: 226: 189: 187: 170: 168: 163: 153: 113: 111: 29: 4630:Yajnavalkya 4610:Pancabrahma 4560:Kathashruti 4480:Akshamalika 4345:Brahmavidya 4340:Dhyanabindu 4245:Amritabindu 4240:Paramahamsa 4091:WikiProject 3963:Persecution 3951:Nationalism 3941:Iconography 3821:Ratha Yatra 3732:Janmashtami 3727:Rama Navami 3655:Vanaprastha 3606:Varnashrama 3582:Ritushuddhi 3567:Vidyarambha 3557:Chudakarana 3547:Nishkramana 3522:Garbhadhana 3163:Thirukkural 3158:Thiruppugal 3086:Nāradasmṛti 3049:Mahabharata 2827:Atharvaveda 2705:Vaisheshika 2592:Puruṣārthas 2447:Pondicherry 2011:RD Ranade, 1982:, Chapter 1 1615:Vedantasara 1540:Yoga Sutras 1456:Aathichoodi 1389:Historicity 1384:Mahabharata 1377:Historicity 1073:Yajur vedic 990:Atharvaveda 732:Vedantasara 657:Yoga Sutras 573:Aathichoodi 506:Historicity 501:Mahabharata 494:Historicity 190:Yajur vedic 107:Atharvaveda 4706:Upanishads 4650:Dattatreya 4535:Parabrahma 4465:Turiyatita 4460:Yogashikha 4350:Yogatattva 4325:Vajrasuchi 4270:Kaushitaki 4250:Amritanada 4180:Taittiriya 4139:Upanishads 3792:Kumbh Mela 3760:Gudi Padwa 3705:Durga Puja 3690:Shivaratri 3562:Karnavedha 3542:Namakarana 3504:Tirthatana 3271:Dattatreya 3108:Subhashita 3081:Manusmriti 2958:Dhanurveda 2891:Taittiriya 2876:Kaushitaki 2863:Upanishads 2636:Aparigraha 2538:Philosophy 2439:Upanishads 2315:Wikisource 2208:Wikisource 2179:Wikisource 1953:Max Muller 1888:References 1844:Prajnatman 1781:Agnihotram 1610:Panchadasi 1595:Swara yoga 1431:Tirukkuṟaḷ 1245:Markandeya 1090:Taittiriya 1054:Sama vedic 1047:Kaushitaki 1032:Upanishads 1019:Upanishads 859:Chronology 821:Kaushitaki 727:Panchadasi 712:Swara yoga 548:Tirukkuṟaḷ 362:Markandeya 207:Taittiriya 171:Sama vedic 164:Kaushitaki 149:Upanishads 136:Upanishads 4680:Bahvricha 4645:Hayagriva 4605:Mahavakya 4585:Rudraksha 4495:Annapurna 4490:Ekakshara 4445:Bhikshuka 4435:Shandilya 4355:Atmabodha 4335:Nadabindu 4330:Tejobindu 4315:Niralamba 4310:Sarvasara 4190:Chandogya 4015:Theosophy 3946:Mythology 3926:Criticism 3894:Etymology 3852:Svādhyāya 3751:New Year 3700:Navaratri 3672:Festivals 3650:Grihastha 3623:Kshatriya 3597:Antyeshti 3572:Upanayana 3537:Jatakarma 3527:Pumsavana 3514:Sanskaras 3479:Naivedhya 3433:Practices 3378:Mahavidya 3346:Saraswati 3333:Goddesses 3291:Kartikeya 3188:Athichudi 3143:Tirumurai 2996:Vyākaraṇa 2963:Natyaveda 2911:Chandogya 2836:Divisions 2817:Yajurveda 2391:A Weber, 2082:, page 14 2032:, page 45 1934:, page xi 1580:Tirumurai 1510:Kamasutra 1269:Bhagavata 1250:Bhavishya 1235:Brahmānda 1192:Vyakarana 1061:Chandogya 1037:Rig vedic 997:Divisions 985:Yajurveda 887:Structure 697:Tirumurai 627:Kamasutra 386:Bhagavata 367:Bhavishya 352:Brahmānda 309:Vyakarana 178:Chandogya 154:Rig vedic 114:Divisions 102:Yajurveda 18:Kausitaki 4700:Category 4600:Tarasara 4595:Darshana 4590:Ganapati 4540:Avadhuta 4510:Adhyatma 4470:Sannyasa 4455:Sariraka 4440:Paingala 4425:Vasudeva 4395:Sharabha 4305:Mantrika 4300:Kshurika 4290:Maitreya 4235:Narayana 4205:Kaivalya 4185:Aitareya 4175:Mandukya 4137:The 108 4071:Category 4022:Glossary 3990:Buddhism 3956:Hindutva 3916:Calendar 3797:Haridwar 3775:Vaisakhi 3770:Puthandu 3660:Sannyasa 3577:Keshanta 3408:Shashthi 3244:Trimurti 3071:Nitisara 3044:Ramayana 3039:Itihasas 3011:Jyotisha 2953:Ayurveda 2945:Upavedas 2926:Mandukya 2871:Aitareya 2853:Aranyaka 2848:Brahmana 2822:Samaveda 2747:Charvaka 2547:Concepts 2528:Timeline 2520:Glossary 2503:Hinduism 2462:LibriVox 1851:— 1838:Because 1763:— 1733:— 1710:— 1632:Timeline 1489:Shastras 1372:Ramayana 1274:Naradiya 1207:Jyotisha 1175:Vedangas 1124:Mandukya 1042:Aitareya 1014:Aranyaka 1009:Brahmana 980:Samaveda 920:a series 918:Part of 894:Aranyaka 826:, but a 803:Sanskrit 749:Timeline 606:Shastras 489:Ramayana 391:Naradiya 324:Jyotisha 292:Vedangas 241:Mandukya 159:Aitareya 131:Aranyaka 126:Brahmana 97:Samaveda 37:a series 35:Part of 4685:Muktikā 4625:Krishna 4565:Bhavana 4555:Tripura 4520:Savitri 4515:Kundika 4485:Avyakta 4430:Mudgala 4380:Nirvana 4225:Aruneya 4170:Mundaka 4165:Prashna 4060:Outline 4010:Sikhism 4005:Judaism 4000:Jainism 3881:Related 3857:Namaste 3710:Ramlila 3640:Ashrama 3628:Vaishya 3618:Brahmin 3441:Worship 3393:Rukmini 3383:Matrika 3356:Parvati 3351:Lakshmi 3341:Tridevi 3296:Krishna 3281:Hanuman 3276:Ganesha 3227:Deities 3113:Tantras 3103:Stotras 3056:Puranas 3001:Nirukta 2991:Chandas 2986:Shiksha 2978:Vedanga 2931:Prashna 2921:Mundaka 2843:Samhita 2812:Rigveda 2743:Nāstika 2728:Advaita 2715:Vedanta 2710:Mīmāṃsā 2690:Samkhya 2678:Schools 2666:Akrodha 2585:Saṃsāra 2565:Ishvara 2555:Brahman 2449:. 1972. 2313:॥ ९ ॥ ( 1720:Brahman 1365:Itihasa 1220:Puranas 1197:Nirukta 1187:Chandas 1182:Shiksha 1157:Tantras 1129:Prashna 1119:Mundaka 1004:Samhita 975:Rigveda 911:Content 874:Deussen 847:or the 836:Muktika 832:Vedanta 828:Sāmānya 817:Rigveda 482:Itihasa 337:Puranas 314:Nirukta 304:Chandas 299:Shiksha 274:Tantras 246:Prashna 236:Mundaka 121:Samhita 92:Rigveda 4665:Jabali 4655:Garuda 4635:Varaha 4580:Bhasma 4400:Skanda 4295:Subala 4230:Garbha 4210:Jabala 4200:Brahma 4081:Portal 3985:Baháʼí 3889:Hindus 3867:Tilaka 3836:Others 3812:Ujjain 3807:Prayag 3802:Nashik 3742:Pongal 3680:Diwali 3633:Shudra 3592:Vivaha 3499:Dhyāna 3474:Bhajan 3464:Bhakti 3449:Temple 3403:Shakti 3311:Varuna 3254:Vishnu 3249:Brahma 3098:Sutras 3034:Agamas 2790:Smriti 2721:Dvaita 2686:Āstika 2631:Asteya 2626:Ahimsa 2612:Moksha 2597:Dharma 2510:topics 2366: 2303: 2271: 2242: 2199: 2170: 2135: 2102: 2078: 2062: 2045: 2028: 1998: 1978: 1913: 1806:prajna 1620:Stotra 1493:sutras 1328:Skanda 1304:Matsya 1289:Vamana 1279:Garuda 1264:Vishnu 1230:Brahma 1147:Agamas 1105:Maitri 951:Smriti 946:Shruti 851:. The 824:shakha 737:Stotra 610:sutras 445:Skanda 421:Matsya 406:Vamana 396:Garuda 381:Vishnu 347:Brahma 264:Agamas 222:Maitri 68:Smriti 63:Shruti 4505:Akshi 4500:Surya 4220:Hamsa 4160:Katha 3995:Islam 3973:India 3862:Bindi 3845:Other 3785:Ugadi 3780:Vishu 3613:Varna 3494:Tapas 3484:Yajna 3454:Murti 3388:Radha 3368:Durga 3363:Bhumi 3306:Surya 3286:Indra 3259:Shiva 3021:Other 3006:Kalpa 2896:Katha 2800:Vedas 2785:Śruti 2770:Texts 2700:Nyaya 2656:Damah 2646:Satya 2602:Artha 2580:Karma 2570:Atman 2524:Index 2131:–30. 1840:Prana 1802:Prana 1701:Tapas 1685:karma 1323:Linga 1318:Shiva 1299:Kurma 1284:Padma 1202:Kalpa 1095:Katha 968:Vedas 440:Linga 435:Shiva 416:Kurma 401:Padma 319:Kalpa 212:Katha 85:Vedas 4550:Devi 4525:Atma 4450:Maha 4370:Sita 4155:Kena 4150:Isha 4037:List 3899:List 3826:Teej 3755:Bihu 3737:Onam 3685:Holi 3489:Homa 3469:Japa 3459:Puja 3419:more 3413:Sita 3398:Sati 3373:Kali 3322:more 3316:Vayu 3301:Rama 3266:Agni 3236:Gods 2916:Kena 2886:Isha 2695:Yoga 2661:Dayā 2651:Dāna 2621:Niti 2607:Kama 2575:Maya 2364:ISBN 2301:ISBN 2269:ISBN 2240:ISBN 2197:ISBN 2168:ISBN 2133:ISBN 2100:ISBN 2076:ISBN 2060:ISBN 2043:ISBN 2026:ISBN 1996:ISBN 1976:ISBN 1911:ISBN 1491:and 1338:Agni 1333:Vayu 1085:Isha 1066:Kena 957:List 795:The 608:and 455:Agni 450:Vayu 202:Isha 183:Kena 74:List 3911:Law 1804:is 4702:: 2745:: 2688:: 2560:Om 2445:, 2441:. 2434:, 2292:^ 2251:^ 2226:^ 2185:^ 2156:^ 2129:28 1955:, 1939:^ 1930:, 1895:^ 922:on 809:, 805:: 39:on 4125:e 4118:t 4111:v 2490:e 2483:t 2476:v 2317:) 2141:. 2108:. 1703:, 1667:e 1660:t 1653:v 801:( 784:e 777:t 770:v 20:)

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