20:
1429:
4296:
4306:
305:. A large portion of their coinage was completely nameless by the end of the 18th-century. While a few uncommon issues of Derbent contain a vague reference to one of their khans, none of the khans ever put their names on their coins, due to lacking the legitimacy of an sovereign monarch and any claims to independence. These northern Iranian coins were made entirely of silver and copper.
74:) in 1747, internal chaos erupted in Iran, particularly in the South Caucasus, where semi-autonomous khanates emerged as a result of the lack of a centralized government. The khans neither had territorial or religious unity, nor an ethnic/national identity. They were mostly interested in preserving their positions and income.
487:
and began the First Russo-Iranian War (1804-1813). (...) By 1813, the restraints of these other military engagements were removed, and following a number of defeats, Iran was forced to sign the
Gulistan (Golestan) agreement. The treaty, which the Iranians considered to be only an armistice, handed
316:
made the observation that the full worth of a coin could only be understood in the region in which it was originally struck, and that relocating cost money. As had been the circumstance with copper money prior to the 1730s, this implied that silver coins were used as tokens in the khanates.
200:
A certain amount of earlier
Iranian political procedures were initially preserved by the Russian government in the Caucasus, such as using Persian documents to determine the status and property rights of distinguished Muslim figures. Thus, some of the Muslim
117:
could also adopt the title himself. In terms of structure, the khanates were a miniature version of
Iranian kingship. The administrative and literary language in the South Caucasus until the end of the 19th century was Persian, with
2798:
2788:
297:
A number of these khanates, including Ganja, Shirvan, Shaki, Derbent, and
Karabakh, produced their own coins, first in the name of Nader Shah and then in the name of the
828:
The 1820 Russian Survey of the
Khanate of Shirvan: A Primary Source on the Demography and Economy of an Iranian Province prior to its Annexation by Russia
850:
The 1819 Russian Survey of the
Khanate of Sheki: A Primary Source on the Demography and Economy of an Iranian Province Prior to its Annexation by Russia
3957:
2810:
1037:
4063:
2029:
3477:
3468:
3212:
2724:
2709:
1353:
3000:
1363:
2778:
1135:
3146:
2662:
1578:
19:
490:
Iranian khanates of Ganja, Derbent (Darband), Kuba (Qobbeh), Shirvan, Karabagh (Qarabagh), Sheki (Shakki) and parts of Talysh (Talesh)
4340:
386:
446:
Russia's
Transcaucasian Policies and Azerbaijan: Ethnic Conflict and Regional Unity // In a collapsing empire. Feltrinelli Editore
4335:
4330:
2697:
1661:
869:
From the Kur to the Aras: A Military
History of Russia's Move into the South Caucasus and the First Russo-Iranian War, 1801–1813
4380:
3322:
3173:
2936:
1563:
1555:
1030:
3668:
3498:
3443:
3312:
3178:
2076:
1535:
982:
907:
783:
764:
740:
2830:
2820:
2022:
1373:
1148:
431:, included only about 5 to 6 million inhabitants against Russia's 500,000-strong army and estimated 40 million population.
4375:
4370:
4028:
3978:
3704:
3238:
308:
While the value of the copper coin in the khanates are unknown, the silver coins' value continued to be the same as the
3253:
3242:
3187:
3135:
2990:
2793:
1639:
1481:
1006:
926:
880:
857:
835:
716:
420:
3683:
3627:
3607:
3423:
3398:
3294:
3218:
3120:
2750:
2592:
1471:
1332:
1176:
1023:
963:
178:
130:
3517:
1388:
483:"(...) After establishing Tiflis as its administrative and military headquarters in the region, Russia attacked the
4365:
4360:
4148:
3714:
1823:
1788:
1752:
1747:
465:
David
Marshall Lang. "The Last Years of the Georgian Monarchy, 1658-1832", (Columbia University Press, 1957), 153;
3658:
3198:
3034:
3029:
2768:
2395:
1926:
1903:
1742:
1717:
1624:
1322:
1128:
793:
Bournoutian, George (2016a). "Prelude to War: The
Russian Siege and Storming of the Fortress of Ganjeh, 1803–4".
4395:
4263:
4088:
3968:
3952:
3438:
3373:
3274:
3223:
2995:
2946:
2931:
2835:
2825:
2805:
2597:
2256:
1978:
1737:
1681:
1656:
1409:
1368:
356:
3896:
2667:
2607:
481:
George A. Bournoutian. "Armenia and Imperial Decline: The Yerevan Province, 1900-1914", (Routledge, 2018), 6;
4355:
4350:
4345:
4122:
3563:
3546:
3453:
3428:
3284:
3192:
3182:
1996:
1931:
1873:
1838:
1833:
1646:
1449:
4390:
4126:
3962:
3678:
3418:
3408:
3156:
3012:
2612:
1676:
1573:
1540:
1525:
1488:
1464:
3892:
4385:
3917:
3911:
3862:
3673:
3503:
3382:
3007:
1520:
1393:
1196:
1191:
754:
51:
governed by a hereditary or appointed ruler under the official rule of Iran. The title of the ruler was
4132:
3593:
3458:
2926:
2704:
2602:
1913:
1793:
1712:
1629:
1614:
1428:
1378:
1121:
955:
122:
being used only for religious studies, despite the fact that most of the Muslims in the region spoke a
776:
A History of Qarabagh: An Annotated Translation of Mirza Jamal Javanshir Qarabaghi's Tarikh-e Qarabagh
4236:
3827:
3597:
3378:
3304:
3166:
3141:
3064:
2815:
2714:
2657:
2069:
1951:
1707:
1634:
1476:
3947:
3737:
3617:
3568:
3540:
3403:
2941:
2855:
1941:
1732:
1651:
1601:
371:
1991:
4178:
4152:
4143:
4013:
3973:
3577:
3513:
3473:
3208:
3059:
2916:
2875:
2133:
1946:
1921:
1893:
1762:
1671:
1619:
1530:
1513:
1437:
1181:
1171:
467:"(...) and to obtain the Persian regent Kerim Khan's recognition of Georgian suzerainty over the
454:, yet remarkably there followed no large scale manifestation of ethnic strife in the countryside.
313:
205:, aqalars, and khans managed to fit their previous rank into the new Russian imperial structure.
194:
4268:
3907:
3648:
3603:
3327:
3289:
3017:
2773:
1936:
1878:
1848:
1666:
1592:
1545:
3556:
3508:
3483:
3203:
2951:
2729:
2647:
2264:
2221:
2015:
1898:
1863:
1776:
1757:
1695:
1609:
1568:
1503:
1459:
1337:
1156:
992:
331:
182:
4107:
4009:
3902:
3842:
3817:
3796:
3776:
3749:
3551:
3493:
3388:
3151:
3116:
2880:
2062:
1961:
1868:
1843:
1828:
1803:
1722:
8:
3847:
3536:
3269:
3161:
2760:
2755:
2719:
2652:
2501:
2189:
2038:
1968:
1888:
1858:
1853:
1808:
1508:
1498:
1493:
1082:
944:
Kazemzadeh, F. (1991). "Iranian relations with Russia and the Soviet Union, to 1921". In
891:
802:
186:
189:
khanates to the Russians. Politically, the loss of the khanates was devastating for the
4211:
4173:
4118:
4113:
4018:
3933:
3573:
3433:
3393:
3233:
3228:
3126:
3111:
2870:
2672:
2493:
2462:
2355:
2112:
1986:
1818:
1327:
1211:
1206:
1186:
845:
814:
750:
376:
346:
326:
261:
134:
4305:
4221:
4138:
4044:
4034:
3943:
3852:
3837:
3832:
3801:
3791:
3781:
3771:
3758:
3613:
3317:
3131:
3069:
3044:
3024:
2974:
2894:
2742:
2371:
2363:
2288:
2240:
2043:
1727:
1221:
1216:
1002:
978:
959:
932:
922:
903:
876:
853:
831:
818:
779:
760:
736:
732:
Iran at War: Interactions with the Modern World and the Struggle with Imperial Russia
712:
416:
309:
102:
24:
4192:
4183:
4093:
4083:
4039:
3879:
3867:
3821:
3766:
3583:
3448:
3279:
3248:
3093:
3074:
2783:
2403:
1812:
1414:
1262:
1231:
1077:
872:
806:
381:
366:
255:
142:
123:
810:
4226:
4163:
4098:
4073:
4058:
3997:
3786:
3638:
3528:
3350:
3049:
2985:
2889:
2737:
2639:
2411:
2387:
2323:
2304:
2296:
2272:
2157:
2099:
1883:
1798:
1236:
1226:
1097:
1062:
996:
949:
895:
730:
706:
302:
279:
249:
227:
158:
150:
951:
The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 7: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic
4068:
3588:
3413:
2901:
2865:
2528:
2446:
2379:
2205:
1201:
1102:
1067:
726:
341:
336:
285:
233:
174:
170:
166:
56:
48:
4324:
4299:
4203:
4188:
4158:
4103:
3983:
3938:
3887:
3857:
2560:
2454:
2419:
2141:
1383:
1302:
1257:
1092:
1072:
936:
273:
245:
239:
190:
162:
138:
94:
16:
Various Persian states in the Caucasus region from the 17th to 20th centuries
4231:
4216:
4168:
4077:
3622:
3488:
2911:
2860:
2568:
2552:
2536:
2478:
1956:
1312:
1297:
1287:
1087:
1057:
1015:
702:
690:"The Coinage of Īrawān, Nakhjawān, Ganja and Qarabāḡ Khānates in 1747–1827"
391:
298:
267:
221:
154:
146:
52:
450:
An Armenian oblast' (district) was created on the territory of the former
4309:
4273:
4024:
3709:
3632:
3463:
1454:
1272:
945:
137:, which amongst other things led to the Iranian loss of seven khanates;
3663:
3054:
2576:
2544:
2470:
2438:
2248:
1358:
1317:
1292:
1277:
1267:
1144:
361:
214:
64:
1113:
2789:
International military intervention against the Islamic State (2014–)
2509:
2486:
2280:
2213:
2181:
1282:
654:
652:
650:
532:
689:
3699:
3039:
2921:
2173:
902:. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 86–90.
647:
4242:
2165:
1241:
351:
90:
4048:
3368:
2197:
119:
2054:
508:
413:
Iranian-Russian Encounters: Empires and Revolutions Since 1800
2906:
975:
The Monetary History of Iran: From the Safavids to the Qajars
919:
Iran and Russian Imperialism: The Ideal Anarchists, 1800-1914
60:
664:
2686:
2149:
2085:
193:
because it damaged their reputation as the guardian of the
520:
230:(1806 occupied and annexed to Russia, same year abolished)
77:
In Persian, the khanates were historically referred to as
3664:
Industrial Development and Renovation Organization (IDRO)
619:
573:
571:
544:
202:
556:
496:
973:
Matthee, Rudi; Floor, Willem; Clawson, Patrick (2013).
948:; Hambly, Gavin R. G.; Melville, Charles Peter (eds.).
583:
595:
568:
607:
972:
658:
688:
213:The khanates that soon emerged after the death of
998:Russia and Azerbaijan: A Borderland in Transition
756:The Khanate of Erevan Under Qajar Rule: 1795–1828
4322:
900:Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume XI/1: Giōni–Golšani
2725:December 1979 Iranian constitutional referendum
312:and its divisions. In 1770, the German scholar
2811:2018–2019 Iranian general strikes and protests
2710:March 1979 Iranian Islamic Republic referendum
452:Azerbaijani khanates of Erivan and Nakhichevan
2593:Persian Constitutional Revolution (1905–1911)
2070:
1129:
1031:
991:
686:
670:
550:
443:
288:(1802 protectorate of Russia, 1828 abolished)
282:(1805 protectorate of Russia, 1820 abolished)
276:(1805 protectorate of Russia, 1819 abolished)
270:(1805 protectorate of Russia, 1816 abolished)
258:(1805 protectorate of Russia, 1822 abolished)
3669:Iran Aviation Industries Organization (IAIO)
1045:
852:. Costa Mesa, California: Mazda Publishers.
844:
825:
792:
637:
538:
526:
514:
2779:2009 Iranian presidential election protests
916:
866:
773:
749:
641:
625:
562:
502:
47:, were various administrative units in the
3285:Islamic Consultative Assembly (parliament)
3147:Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran
2663:1949 Iranian Constituent Assembly election
2077:
2063:
1136:
1122:
1038:
1024:
943:
687:Akopyan, Alexander; Petrov, Pavel (2016).
264:(1827 occupied by, 1828 annexed to Russia)
236:(1827 occupied by, 1828 annexed to Russia)
2794:Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (2015)
23:Political map of the eastern part of the
2613:Arab separatism in Khuzestan (1922–2020)
387:Western Azerbaijan (irredentist concept)
18:
3399:Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
1143:
725:
601:
577:
165:. The northern and central part of the
4323:
2937:History of democracy in classical Iran
889:
701:
613:
589:
410:
3735:
3659:Defense Industries Organization (DIO)
3444:Iran and the World Trade Organization
3348:
3091:
2972:
2097:
2058:
1117:
1019:
242:(1804 occupied and annexed to Russia)
224:(1806 occupied and annexed to Russia)
2831:2021 Sistan and Baluchestan protests
2821:2019 Sistan and Baluchestan protests
1364:Armenian–Azerbaijani war (1918–1920)
427:The shah's dominions, including the
4064:Chicago Persian antiquities dispute
3705:Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone
3679:National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC)
3478:UN Security Council Resolution 1747
3213:UN Security Council Resolution 1747
13:
2603:Kurdish separatism in Iran (1918–)
177:. Following the conclusion of the
173:(Shuregol), was also ceded to the
113:status to that of a khan, but the
14:
4407:
3674:Iran Electronics Industries (IEI)
3295:Supreme National Security Council
3121:Persian Constitutional Revolution
2751:Interim Government of Iran (1981)
2658:Insurgency in Balochistan (1948–)
2648:Shatt al-Arab dispute (1936–1975)
659:Matthee, Floor & Clawson 2013
485:Iranian Khanate of Ganja (Ganjeh)
63:. Following the assassination of
4304:
4295:
4294:
3270:Assembly (or Council) of Experts
1427:
185:, Iran also lost the Erivan and
169:, along with a part of northern
4341:Early modern history of Armenia
3469:Military equipment manufactured
3035:Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests
2799:United States withdrawal (2018)
2720:Iran hostage crisis (1979–1981)
2084:
631:
444:Swietochowski, Tadeusz (1993),
411:Cronin, Stephanie, ed. (2013).
69:
4336:Khanates of the South Caucasus
4331:Khanates of the North Caucasus
4029:modern / contemporary
3275:Expediency Discernment Council
2598:1908 bombardment of the Majlis
2587:Caucasus (18th–20th centuries)
2111:
1410:History of the name Azerbaijan
1369:Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
475:
459:
436:
404:
357:Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
179:Russo-Iranian War of 1826–1828
131:Russo-Iranian War of 1804–1813
1:
4381:Former countries in West Asia
3243:state-sponsorship allegations
2973:
1333:Russo-Persian War (1826–1828)
1001:. Columbia University Press.
826:Bournoutian, George (2016b).
811:10.1080/00210862.2016.1159779
397:
55:, which was identical to the
3700:Asaluyeh industrial corridor
3092:
3001:twin towns and sister cities
2307:Persis (after 132 BC–AD 224)
2184:Mannai (10th–7th century BC)
2160:Empire (c.2334 BC–c.2154 BC)
917:Deutschmann, Moritz (2015).
867:Bournoutian, George (2021).
774:Bournoutian, George (1994).
759:. University of California.
217:in 1747 were the following:
7:
3979:Water supply and sanitation
3736:
3710:Kish Island Free Trade Zone
3349:
2769:KDPI insurgency (1989–1996)
2144:civilization (3100–2700 BC)
2098:
1394:Second Nagorno-Karabakh War
1323:Russo-Persian War (1804–13)
848:(2016c). "Quick Overview".
320:
109:. The shah could promote a
10:
4412:
4376:19th century in Azerbaijan
4371:18th century in Azerbaijan
3459:Economy of the Middle East
2836:2021–2022 Iranian protests
2826:2019–2020 Iranian protests
2806:2017–2018 Iranian protests
2267:Cappadocia (320s BC–AD 17)
1379:First Nagorno-Karabakh War
956:Cambridge University Press
680:
292:
248:(1805, became part of the
4290:
4256:
4202:
4005:
3996:
3926:
3878:
3810:
3757:
3748:
3744:
3731:
3692:
3684:National Development Fund
3647:
3604:Telecommunications and IT
3598:Anglo-Persian Oil Company
3527:
3424:Foreign direct investment
3369:Bonyad (charitable trust)
3361:
3357:
3344:
3303:
3262:
3104:
3100:
3087:
2981:
2968:
2848:
2715:1979 Khuzestan insurgency
2705:Interim Government (1979)
2684:
2632:
2625:
2521:
2431:
2348:
2339:
2316:
2233:
2126:
2119:
2110:
2106:
2093:
2009:
1977:
1912:
1784:
1775:
1703:
1694:
1600:
1591:
1554:
1445:
1436:
1425:
1402:
1346:
1250:
1164:
1155:
1053:
890:Daniel, Elton L. (2001).
711:. Yale University Press.
671:Akopyan & Petrov 2016
541:, p. 2 (see note 7).
415:. Routledge. p. 53.
97:form of the Russian word
3434:International oil bourse
3199:Ministry of Intelligence
2784:Syrian civil war (2011–)
2608:1921 Persian coup d'état
1564:Administrative divisions
1354:Armenian–Tatar massacres
1308:Khanates of the Caucasus
1047:Khanates of the Caucasus
429:khanates of the Caucasus
372:Elisabethpol Governorate
33:khanates of the Caucasus
4366:19th century in Armenia
4361:18th century in Armenia
3958:scientists and scholars
3464:Milad Tower and complex
3254:Women's rights movement
3249:White Revolution (1963)
2917:Peoples of the Caucasus
2259:Armenia (321 BC–AD 428)
2152:dynasties (2700–540 BC)
1197:Shulaveri–Shomu culture
1192:Khojaly–Gadabay culture
830:. Gibb Memorial Trust.
314:Johann Friedrich Gmelin
208:
195:Guarded Domains of Iran
181:and the signing of the
4269:Anti-Iranian sentiment
4264:Science and technology
4089:Intellectual movements
3969:International rankings
3953:Intellectual movements
3439:International rankings
2932:Heads of state of Iran
2738:Nojeh coup plot (1980)
2299:Empire (247 BC–AD 224)
2136:culture (3400–2000 BC)
1389:Independent Azerbaijan
993:Swietochowski, Tadeusz
846:Bournoutian, George A.
708:Iran: A Modern History
89:(governor). The word "
28:
4396:Islam in the Caucasus
3557:Shetab Banking System
3547:Banking and insurance
3509:Tehran Stock Exchange
3429:Intellectual property
2774:PJAK conflict (2004–)
2547:Turcomans (1378–1508)
2539:Turcomans (1374–1468)
2488:Ilkhanate (1256–1335)
2291:Pontus (281 BC–AD 62)
1338:Treaty of Turkmenchay
332:Treaty of Turkmenchay
183:Treaty of Turkmenchay
27:between 1795 and 1801
22:
4356:19th century in Iran
4351:18th century in Iran
4346:17th century in Iran
3518:Technology start-ups
3419:Environmental issues
3409:Economic Reform Plan
3323:Provincial governors
3013:Environmental issues
2761:Iran Air Flight 655
2502:Jalayirid Sultanate
2374:Caliphate (750–1258)
2216:Kingdom (652–625 BC)
1579:World Heritage Sites
958:. pp. 314–349.
803:Taylor & Francis
778:. Mazda Publishers.
640:, pp. 107–108;
37:Azerbaijani khanates
35:, also known as the
4391:History of Dagestan
3918:Freedom of religion
3504:Supreme Audit Court
3383:Automotive industry
3030:Iranian Balochistan
2756:1987 Mecca incident
2653:Iran crisis of 1946
2642:dynasty (1925–1979)
2571:Dynasty (1751–1794)
2512:dynasty (1338–1357)
2504:dynasty (1335–1432)
2496:dynasty (1314–1393)
2481:dynasty (1244–1381)
2465:dynasty (1077–1231)
2449:dynasty (1011–1215)
2366:Caliphate (661–750)
2358:Caliphate (632–661)
2326:Empire (AD 224–651)
2243:Empire (550–330 BC)
2224:Empire (626–539 BC)
2208:Empire (678–549 BC)
2192:Empire (911–609 BC)
1182:Kura–Araxes culture
1177:Bronze and Iron age
1083:Nakhichevan Khanate
751:Bournoutian, George
517:, pp. 107–108.
4386:Russo-Persian Wars
4049:Persian New Year (
3454:Main economic laws
3025:Iranian Azerbaijan
2927:Monarchs of Persia
2871:Persianate society
2579:Empire (1789–1925)
2563:Empire (1736–1796)
2555:Empire (1501–1736)
2531:Empire (1370–1507)
2457:Empire (1037–1194)
2422:dynasty (934–1062)
2414:dynasty (931–1090)
2406:dynasty (861–1003)
2275:Empire (312–63 BC)
2176:(c.1595–c.1155 BC)
1753:Telecommunications
1748:Petroleum industry
1328:Treaty of Gulistan
1212:Leyla-Tepe culture
1207:Jar-Burial Culture
1187:Nakhchivan culture
551:Swietochowski 1995
377:Erivan Governorate
347:Russo-Persian Wars
327:Treaty of Gulistan
262:Nakhchivan Khanate
135:Treaty of Gulistan
29:
4318:
4317:
4286:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4252:
4251:
4159:Opium consumption
3992:
3991:
3828:Ethnic minorities
3802:Iranian languages
3727:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3340:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3219:Political parties
3157:Children's rights
3142:Foreign relations
3136:2009 presidential
3083:
3082:
3045:Iranian Kurdistan
2964:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2844:
2843:
2816:COVID-19 pandemic
2675:Revolution (1979)
2621:
2620:
2441:Empire (977–1186)
2398:dynasty (864–928)
2390:dynasty (821–873)
2382:dynasty (819–999)
2335:
2334:
2251:(c.323 BC–AD 226)
2052:
2051:
2005:
2004:
1927:Ethnic minorities
1869:Novruz (New Year)
1839:National identity
1771:
1770:
1743:Natural resources
1690:
1689:
1662:Political parties
1657:National Assembly
1640:Children's rights
1625:Foreign relations
1587:
1586:
1423:
1422:
1374:Soviet Azerbaijan
1222:Caucasian Albania
1217:Achaemenid Empire
1111:
1110:
984:978-0-85772-172-3
909:978-0-933273-60-3
892:"Golestān Treaty"
785:978-1-56859-011-0
766:978-0-939214-18-1
742:978-0-7556-3737-9
638:Bournoutian 2016a
592:, pp. 86–90.
539:Bournoutian 2016b
527:Bournoutian 2016a
515:Bournoutian 2016a
25:Southern Caucasus
4403:
4308:
4298:
4297:
4149:National symbols
4003:
4002:
3818:Iranian citizens
3755:
3754:
3746:
3745:
3733:
3732:
3715:Research centers
3404:Economic history
3359:
3358:
3346:
3345:
3280:Guardian Council
3102:
3101:
3089:
3088:
2970:
2969:
2947:Electric history
2942:Military history
2856:Ancient Persians
2764:
2763:shootdown (1988)
2746:
2733:
2730:Iranian Embassy
2700:
2689:
2687:Islamic Republic
2676:
2668:1953 coup d'état
2643:
2630:
2629:
2588:
2585:Khanates of the
2580:
2572:
2564:
2556:
2548:
2540:
2532:
2513:
2505:
2497:
2489:
2482:
2474:
2466:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2423:
2415:
2407:
2399:
2391:
2383:
2375:
2367:
2359:
2346:
2345:
2327:
2308:
2300:
2292:
2284:
2276:
2268:
2260:
2252:
2244:
2225:
2217:
2209:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2177:
2169:
2161:
2153:
2145:
2137:
2124:
2123:
2108:
2107:
2095:
2094:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2056:
2055:
2032:
2025:
2018:
1782:
1781:
1738:Mineral industry
1728:Manat (currency)
1701:
1700:
1598:
1597:
1443:
1442:
1431:
1415:The Land of Fire
1263:Sallarid dynasty
1232:Arran (Caucasus)
1162:
1161:
1138:
1131:
1124:
1115:
1114:
1078:Karabakh Khanate
1040:
1033:
1026:
1017:
1016:
1012:
988:
969:
940:
913:
896:Yarshater, Ehsan
886:
863:
841:
822:
789:
770:
746:
722:
698:
692:
674:
668:
662:
656:
645:
642:Bournoutian 2021
635:
629:
626:Deutschmann 2015
623:
617:
611:
605:
599:
593:
587:
581:
575:
566:
563:Bournoutian 1994
560:
554:
548:
542:
536:
530:
524:
518:
512:
506:
503:Bournoutian 1976
500:
494:
492:to Russia (...)"
479:
473:
469:Persian khanates
463:
457:
456:
440:
434:
433:
408:
382:Nagorno-Karabakh
367:Baku Governorate
256:Karabakh Khanate
85:, governed by a
73:
72: 1736–1747
71:
45:Iranian Khanates
41:Persian khanates
4411:
4410:
4406:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4400:
4321:
4320:
4319:
4314:
4278:
4248:
4227:Rap and hip-hop
4198:
4179:Public holidays
4164:Persian gardens
4153:Imperial Anthem
4144:National Jewels
4099:Iranian studies
3988:
3922:
3874:
3806:
3767:Persian (Farsi)
3740:
3719:
3688:
3650:
3643:
3578:Pharmaceuticals
3523:
3514:Venture capital
3489:Rial (currency)
3474:Nuclear program
3353:
3332:
3299:
3258:
3209:Nuclear program
3174:Judicial system
3096:
3079:
3050:Iranian plateau
2977:
2956:
2840:
2762:
2744:
2731:
2699:History (1979–)
2698:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2674:
2641:
2617:
2586:
2578:
2570:
2562:
2554:
2546:
2538:
2530:
2517:
2511:
2503:
2495:
2487:
2480:
2472:
2464:
2456:
2448:
2440:
2427:
2421:
2413:
2405:
2397:
2389:
2381:
2373:
2365:
2357:
2341:
2331:
2325:
2312:
2306:
2298:
2290:
2282:
2274:
2266:
2258:
2250:
2242:
2229:
2223:
2222:Neo-Babylonian
2215:
2207:
2200:(860 BC–590 BC)
2199:
2191:
2183:
2175:
2168:(c.2300–675 BC)
2167:
2159:
2151:
2143:
2135:
2115:
2102:
2089:
2083:
2053:
2048:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2001:
1997:National emblem
1992:National anthem
1973:
1932:Gender equality
1908:
1874:Public holidays
1767:
1686:
1647:Law enforcement
1583:
1550:
1536:Protected areas
1450:Bodies of water
1432:
1419:
1398:
1342:
1246:
1237:Sasanian Empire
1227:Parthian Empire
1151:
1142:
1112:
1107:
1098:Shirvan Khanate
1063:Derbent Khanate
1049:
1044:
1009:
985:
966:
929:
910:
883:
860:
838:
795:Iranian Studies
786:
767:
743:
735:. I.B. Tauris.
727:Behrooz, Maziar
719:
695:State Hermitage
683:
678:
677:
673:, pp. 1–2.
669:
665:
657:
648:
636:
632:
624:
620:
612:
608:
600:
596:
588:
584:
576:
569:
561:
557:
549:
545:
537:
533:
525:
521:
513:
509:
501:
497:
480:
476:
471:north of (...)"
464:
460:
448:, p. 190,
441:
437:
423:
409:
405:
400:
323:
303:Karim Khan Zand
295:
280:Shirvan Khanate
250:Shirvan Khanate
228:Derbent Khanate
211:
133:ended with the
68:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4409:
4399:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4312:
4302:
4291:
4288:
4287:
4284:
4283:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4260:
4258:
4254:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4247:
4246:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4208:
4206:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4196:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4130:
4116:
4111:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4022:
4016:
4006:
4000:
3994:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3941:
3936:
3930:
3928:
3924:
3923:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3905:
3900:
3890:
3884:
3882:
3876:
3875:
3873:
3872:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3825:
3814:
3812:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3763:
3761:
3752:
3742:
3741:
3729:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3696:
3694:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3655:
3653:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3611:
3601:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3554:
3544:
3533:
3531:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3376:
3371:
3365:
3363:
3355:
3354:
3342:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3330:
3328:Supreme Leader
3325:
3320:
3315:
3309:
3307:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3292:
3290:Local councils
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3266:
3264:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3190:
3185:
3176:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3167:Women's rights
3164:
3159:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3129:
3124:
3114:
3108:
3106:
3098:
3097:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3021:
3020:
3018:Climate change
3010:
3005:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2988:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2902:Jiroft culture
2899:
2898:
2897:
2890:Iranic peoples
2887:
2886:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2878:
2866:Persianization
2863:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2802:
2801:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2740:
2735:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2694:
2692:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2636:
2634:
2627:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2582:
2574:
2566:
2558:
2550:
2542:
2534:
2525:
2523:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2507:
2499:
2491:
2484:
2476:
2473:(1135/36-1225)
2468:
2460:
2452:
2444:
2435:
2433:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2425:
2417:
2409:
2401:
2393:
2385:
2377:
2369:
2361:
2352:
2350:
2343:
2337:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2302:
2294:
2286:
2283:(c.295–220 BC)
2278:
2270:
2262:
2254:
2246:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2219:
2211:
2203:
2195:
2187:
2179:
2171:
2163:
2155:
2147:
2142:Proto-Elamite
2139:
2130:
2128:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2104:
2103:
2091:
2090:
2082:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2059:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2034:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2011:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1983:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1918:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1785:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1704:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1677:Prime Minister
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1606:
1604:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1560:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1543:
1541:State reserves
1538:
1533:
1528:
1526:National parks
1523:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1489:Extreme points
1486:
1485:
1484:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1465:Climate change
1457:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1202:Mughan culture
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1168:
1166:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1141:
1140:
1133:
1126:
1118:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1103:Talysh Khanate
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1068:Erivan Khanate
1065:
1060:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1043:
1042:
1035:
1028:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1008:978-0231070683
1007:
989:
983:
977:. I.B.Tauris.
970:
964:
941:
928:978-1317385301
927:
914:
908:
887:
882:978-9004445154
881:
864:
859:978-1568593159
858:
842:
837:978-1909724808
836:
823:
790:
784:
771:
765:
747:
741:
723:
718:978-0300112542
717:
699:
682:
679:
676:
675:
663:
661:, p. 170.
646:
630:
618:
616:, p. 212.
606:
604:, p. 128.
594:
582:
580:, p. 102.
567:
555:
543:
531:
529:, p. 120.
519:
507:
495:
474:
458:
435:
422:978-0415624336
421:
402:
401:
399:
396:
395:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
342:South Caucasus
339:
337:North Caucasus
334:
329:
322:
319:
294:
291:
290:
289:
286:Talysh Khanate
283:
277:
271:
265:
259:
253:
243:
237:
234:Erivan Khanate
231:
225:
210:
207:
175:Russian Empire
167:Talysh Khanate
49:South Caucasus
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4408:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4311:
4307:
4303:
4301:
4293:
4292:
4289:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4245:
4244:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4201:
4194:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4134:
4131:
4128:
4124:
4123:news agencies
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4079:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4008:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3995:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3925:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3881:
3877:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3829:
3826:
3823:
3819:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3809:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3734:
3730:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3652:
3646:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3609:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3548:
3545:
3542:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3519:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3484:Privatization
3482:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3347:
3343:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3261:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3090:
3086:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2976:
2971:
2967:
2953:
2952:Years in Iran
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2888:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2876:Turco-Persian
2874:
2873:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2745:War (1980–88)
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2624:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2583:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2567:
2565:
2559:
2557:
2551:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2537:Qara Qoyunlu
2535:
2533:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2514:
2508:
2506:
2500:
2498:
2492:
2490:
2485:
2483:
2477:
2475:
2469:
2467:
2461:
2459:
2453:
2451:
2445:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2424:
2418:
2416:
2410:
2408:
2402:
2400:
2394:
2392:
2386:
2384:
2378:
2376:
2370:
2368:
2362:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2338:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2309:
2303:
2301:
2295:
2293:
2287:
2285:
2279:
2277:
2271:
2269:
2263:
2261:
2255:
2253:
2247:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2234:550 BC–AD 224
2232:
2226:
2220:
2218:
2212:
2210:
2204:
2202:
2196:
2194:
2190:Neo-Assyrian
2188:
2186:
2180:
2178:
2172:
2170:
2164:
2162:
2156:
2154:
2148:
2146:
2140:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2087:
2080:
2075:
2073:
2068:
2066:
2061:
2060:
2057:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1384:Black January
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1303:Afsharid Iran
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1258:Sajid dynasty
1256:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1139:
1134:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1093:Shaki Khanate
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1073:Ganja Khanate
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1041:
1036:
1034:
1029:
1027:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1010:
1004:
1000:
999:
994:
990:
986:
980:
976:
971:
967:
965:0-521-20095-4
961:
957:
954:. Cambridge:
953:
952:
947:
942:
938:
934:
930:
924:
921:. Routledge.
920:
915:
911:
905:
901:
897:
893:
888:
884:
878:
874:
870:
865:
861:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
833:
829:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
791:
787:
781:
777:
772:
768:
762:
758:
757:
752:
748:
744:
738:
734:
733:
728:
724:
720:
714:
710:
709:
704:
703:Amanat, Abbas
700:
696:
691:
685:
684:
672:
667:
660:
655:
653:
651:
643:
639:
634:
628:, p. 29.
627:
622:
615:
610:
603:
598:
591:
586:
579:
574:
572:
564:
559:
552:
547:
540:
535:
528:
523:
516:
511:
505:, p. 23.
504:
499:
493:
491:
486:
478:
472:
470:
462:
455:
453:
447:
439:
432:
430:
424:
418:
414:
407:
403:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
324:
318:
315:
311:
306:
304:
300:
287:
284:
281:
278:
275:
274:Shaki Khanate
272:
269:
266:
263:
260:
257:
254:
251:
247:
246:Javad Khanate
244:
241:
240:Ganja Khanate
238:
235:
232:
229:
226:
223:
220:
219:
218:
216:
206:
204:
198:
196:
192:
191:Qajar dynasty
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
127:
125:
121:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
75:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
26:
21:
4257:Other topics
4241:
4169:Persian name
4108:Islamization
4050:
4010:Architecture
3963:universities
3908:Zoroastrians
3903:Christianity
3893:Baháʼí Faith
3843:Azerbaijanis
3750:Demographics
3564:Construction
3552:Central Bank
3494:Space Agency
3389:Child labour
3224:Principlists
3204:Cyberwarfare
3152:Human rights
3117:Constitution
2912:Azerbaijanis
2881:Indo-Persian
2861:Greater Iran
2732:siege (1980)
2691:1979–present
2584:
2342:early modern
2340:Medieval and
2134:Kura-Araxes
2030:Bibliography
1914:Demographics
1794:Architecture
1713:Central Bank
1630:Human rights
1615:Constitution
1556:Subdivisions
1313:Zand dynasty
1307:
1298:Safavid Iran
1288:Kara Koyunlu
1273:Shirvanshahs
1088:Quba Khanate
1058:Baku Khanate
1046:
997:
974:
950:
946:Avery, Peter
918:
899:
868:
849:
827:
798:
794:
775:
755:
731:
707:
694:
666:
644:, p. 11
633:
621:
609:
602:Behrooz 2023
597:
585:
578:Behrooz 2023
565:, p. 1.
558:
553:, p. 2.
546:
534:
522:
510:
498:
489:
484:
482:
477:
468:
466:
461:
451:
449:
445:
438:
428:
426:
412:
406:
392:Khoy Khanate
307:
296:
268:Quba Khanate
222:Baku Khanate
212:
199:
128:
114:
110:
106:
98:
86:
82:
78:
76:
44:
40:
36:
32:
30:
4274:Tehrangeles
4237:Traditional
3974:Nationality
3912:persecution
3897:persecution
3848:Circassians
3797:Neo-Aramaic
3777:Azerbaijani
3649:State-owned
3574:Health care
3537:Agriculture
3374:Brain drain
3313:Ambassadors
3008:Earthquakes
2545:Aq Qoyunlu
2494:Muzaffarid
2471:Eldiguzids
2463:Anushtegin
2289:Kingdom of
2265:Kingdom of
2257:Kingdom of
2249:Atropatene
2241:Achaemenid
2182:Kingdom of
2127:3400–539 BC
1952:LGBT rights
1894:Tea culture
1708:Agriculture
1477:Environment
1472:Earthquakes
1455:Caspian Sea
1251:Middle Ages
805:: 107–124.
614:Amanat 2017
590:Daniel 2001
488:the former
187:Nakhichevan
4325:Categories
4174:Philosophy
4133:newspapers
4114:Literature
4019:architects
4014:Achaemenid
3934:Corruption
3394:Corruption
3234:Reformists
3229:Propaganda
3127:Corruption
3112:Censorship
3055:Lake Urmia
2743:Iran–Iraq
2439:Ghaznavid
2317:AD 224–651
2281:Frataraka
2113:Prehistory
1942:Healthcare
1849:Literature
1733:Metallurgy
1602:Government
1359:March Days
1318:Qajar Iran
1293:Aq Qoyunlu
1278:Eldiguzids
1268:Shaddadids
1145:Azerbaijan
398:References
362:Azerbaijan
215:Nader Shah
107:khanut'iun
95:Anglicized
65:Nader Shah
4139:Mythology
4045:Calendars
4035:Astronomy
3944:Education
3853:Georgians
3838:Assyrians
3833:Armenians
3759:Languages
3651:companies
3614:Transport
3594:Petroleum
3379:Companies
3318:President
3305:Officials
3239:Terrorism
3188:Air Force
3132:Elections
3070:Provinces
3065:Mountains
2975:Geography
2895:languages
2633:1925–1979
2561:Afsharid
2522:1370–1925
2510:Chobanid
2404:Saffarid
2356:Rashidun
2324:Sasanian
2305:Kings of
2297:Parthian
2273:Seleucid
2214:Scythian
2174:Kassites
2158:Akkadian
1947:Languages
1922:Education
1864:Mythology
1789:Animation
1763:Transport
1718:Companies
1682:Migration
1672:President
1620:Elections
1531:Orography
1514:Mountains
1438:Geography
1283:Ilkhanate
1172:Stone Age
937:945764907
819:163302882
126:dialect.
4300:Category
4193:football
4184:Scouting
4094:Iranians
4084:Folklore
3880:Religion
3792:Georgian
3772:Armenian
3633:shipping
3628:railways
3618:airlines
3584:Industry
3449:Taxation
3263:Councils
3179:Military
3094:Politics
3075:Wildlife
3040:Caucasus
2922:Persians
2849:See also
2673:Iranian
2640:Pahlavi
2553:Safavid
2529:Timurid
2432:977–1432
2412:Ziyarid
2388:Tahirid
2380:Samanid
2372:Abbasid
2364:Umayyad
2349:632–1090
2166:Lullubi
2150:Elamite
2039:Category
1879:Religion
1844:Language
1834:Holidays
1829:Folklore
1667:Politics
1652:Military
1593:Politics
1546:Wildlife
1403:By topic
1149:articles
995:(1995).
753:(1976).
729:(2023).
705:(2017).
321:See also
143:Karabakh
103:Armenian
101:and the
99:khanstvo
93:" is an
59:rank of
4243:Ey Iran
4191: (
4151: (
4127:student
4125: (
4121: (
4106: (
4074:Cuisine
4059:Fashion
4047: (
4027: (
4012: (
3998:Culture
3946: (
3910: (
3895: (
3868:Turkmen
3820: (
3811:Peoples
3782:Kurdish
3738:Society
3639:Tourism
3616: (
3606: (
3596: (
3576: (
3569:Defense
3539: (
3529:Sectors
3516: (
3476: (
3381: (
3362:General
3351:Economy
3241: (
3211: (
3181: (
3134: (
3119: (
3105:General
3060:Islands
2996:largest
2986:Borders
2455:Seljuk
2447:Ghurid
2396:Alavid
2206:Median
2198:Urartu
2120:Ancient
2100:History
2016:Outline
1979:Symbols
1904:Wedding
1899:Theatre
1809:Cuisine
1777:Culture
1758:Tourism
1696:Economy
1610:Cabinet
1569:Borders
1504:Geology
1460:Climate
1242:Shirvan
1157:History
898:(ed.).
681:Sources
352:Armenia
293:Coinage
159:Shirvan
151:Derbent
111:hakem's
91:khanate
57:Ottoman
4310:Portal
4069:Cinema
4051:Nowruz
3948:higher
3822:abroad
3787:Hebrew
3693:Places
3589:Mining
3414:Energy
2991:Cities
2907:Aryans
2626:Modern
2577:Qajar
2420:Buyid
2088:topics
2044:Portal
1957:People
1937:Health
1819:Dances
1804:Cinema
1723:Energy
1574:Cities
1482:issues
1347:Modern
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310:abbasi
301:ruler
171:Erivan
161:, and
124:Turkic
120:Arabic
4204:Music
4189:Sport
4119:Media
4104:Islam
4040:Blogs
3984:Women
3939:Crime
3927:Other
3888:Islam
3858:Kurds
3623:metro
3541:fruit
3499:Setad
2569:Zand
2479:Kart
2023:Index
1969:Women
1889:Sport
1859:Music
1854:Media
1824:Dress
1521:Lakes
1509:Caves
1499:Flora
1494:Fauna
1165:Early
894:. In
873:Brill
815:S2CID
801:(1).
163:Shaki
139:Ganja
115:hakem
105:word
87:hakem
83:tuman
61:pasha
43:, or
4232:Rock
4217:Jazz
4212:Folk
4078:wine
3863:Jews
3193:Navy
3183:Army
3162:LGBT
2086:Iran
1987:Flag
1962:list
1813:wine
1635:LGBT
1003:ISBN
979:ISBN
960:ISBN
933:OCLC
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877:ISBN
854:ISBN
832:ISBN
780:ISBN
761:ISBN
737:ISBN
713:ISBN
417:ISBN
299:Zand
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155:Baku
147:Quba
129:The
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3608:TCI
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