Kimono - Knowledge

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rules on seasonality, which intensified after the war; there had previously been rules about kimono-wearing, but these were not rigidly codified and varied by region and class. Formalisation sought perfection, with no creases or unevenness in the kimono, and an increasingly tubular figure was promoted as the ideal for women in kimono. The kimono-retail industry also promoted a sharp distinction between Japanese and Western clothes; for instance, wearing Western shoes with Japanese clothing (while common in the Taishō period) was codified as improper; these rules on proper dressing are often described in Japanese using the English phrase "Time, Place, and Occasion" (TPO). As neither Japanese men or women commonly wore kimono, having grown up under wartime auspices, commercial

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and each chest side to the front). Iro-tomesode may be worn by both married and unmarried women, though kuro-tomesode are exclusively worn by married women. in days past, the closer the design was to the hemline and the more muted the colours, the older the wearer (Wearing a tomesode that was too bright or too effusive in design was the equivalent of 'mutton dressed as lamb', and very definitely not iki!). Thus it was possible to read a lot of information from a wearer's kimono (age, family, status, children) without ever having spoken to them, saving faux-pas and so all-important face!

3061: 50: 493: 137: 1276: 3372:, where kimono are sold as fabric rolls only, the price of which is often left to the shop's discretion. The shop will charge a fee separate to the cost of the fabric for it to be sewn to the customer's measurements, and fees for washing the fabric or weatherproofing it may be added as another separate cost. If the customer is unfamiliar with wearing kimono, they may hire a service to help dress them; the end cost of a new kimono, therefore, remains uncertain until the kimono itself has been finished and worn. 1052: 8210:

hemp, linen or, more recently, synthetic fibers. Nagajuban are the outer layer of kimono underwear, and can be silk or synthetic, lined (awase) or unlined (hitoe). In summer, one can lessen the layers or just wear a han-juban (literally half-juban) with no susoyoke (skirt). The only part of a juban which is seen after dressing is the collar, which is removable so that a clean matching collar can be replaced at short notice. collars (eri) are a separate area, with many types, fabrics and levels of intracacy.

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still given, were much less extensive. It was during this time that it became acceptable and even preferred for women to wear Western dress to ceremonial occasions like weddings and funerals. Many women had dozens or even hundreds of kimono, mostly unworn, in their homes; a secondhand kimono, even if unworn, would sell for about 500 yen (less than £3.50; about US$ 5), a few percent of the bought-new price. In the 1990s and early 2000s, many secondhand kimono shops opened as a result of this.

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are common. Fabrics are usually matte, in contrast to the occasional satin weaves of some women's kimono. Some men's kimono have a subtle pattern, and textured fabrics are more common in informal men's kimono. Informal men's kimono may also feature slightly brighter colours, such as lighter purples, greens and blues. Sumo wrestlers have occasionally been known to wear quite bright colours, such as fuchsia, in their kimono, which they are required to wear when appearing in public.

1014: 1986: 2973:. Though the length of the kimono, collar style and sleeve construction differs for this type of kimono, in all other types of women's kimono, the construction is generally the same; the collar is set back only slightly into the nape of the neck, the sleeves are attached evenly only at the shoulder (not all the way down the sleeve length) and the kimono's length from shoulder to hem is ideally the entire height of the woman wearing it, to allow for the creation of the 2087:), so that the child appeared to be wearing a sleeveless vest of the same fabric over their garment. These sewn tucks were let out as the child grew, and are mostly only seen today on the kimono of apprentice geisha in Kyoto, as apprentices previously began their training at a young age, requiring tucks to be let out as they grew. In the present day, apprentices begin their training in their late teenage years, and the tucks are retained merely as an anachronism. 3596: 3476: 4435: 4190: 358: 3453:, traditional kimono shops. In previous centuries, types of kimono were not as distinct, with factors such as age and social class playing a much larger role in determining kimono types than they do presently. Beginning in the Meiji period, and following the Meiji Restoration and the abolition of class distinctions, kimono varieties began to change as Japanese society did, with new varieties being invented for new social situations. 9271: 11014: 8947: 591:. This also prevented dissemination to the upper classes, who were the main arbiters of traditional Japanese culture at the time, and the only people allowed to wear such clothing. The ensuing cultural vacuum facilitated the development of a Japanese culture independent from Chinese fashions. Elements previously lifted from the Tang Dynastic courts developed independently into what is known literally as "national culture" or " 2689: 5792: 3620:, were designed to be used as casual, cheap daywear, and are machine-spun and -woven using brightly-patterned yarns. Some varieties of crêpe are on the lowest end of formal, with their rougher texture considered unsuitable for formal use; other varieties, such as smooth crêpe, are used for all varieties of formal kimono. The most formal kimono are only ever made of smooth, fine silks, such as glossy silk fabrics like 1424: 11002: 6483:). Because the stitches must be taken out for washing, traditional kimono need to be hand sewn. The process of traditionally washing kimono is very expensive and difficult and is one of the causes of the declining popularity of kimono. Modern fabrics and cleaning methods have been developed that eliminate this need, although the traditional washing of kimono is still practiced, especially for high-end garments. 1611: 2143: 6464: 5642:– is usually reserved for those closest to the deceased. Those further away will wear kimono in dark and subdued colours, rather than a plain black kimono with a reduced number of crests. In time periods when kimono were worn more often, those closest to the deceased would slowly begin dressing in coloured kimono over a period of weeks after the death, with the 3390:: being surrounded by staff and essentially pressured into purchasing an expensive kimono Shops are also renowned for lying about the origins of their products and who made them gave me careful instructions before we entered the : 'do not touch anything. And even if you don't buy a kimono today, you have to buy something, no matter how small it is.' 2703: 1598:, a famously seasonal motif worn in spring until just before the actual cherry blossoms begin to bloom, it being considered unlucky to try and 'compete' with the cherries. Motifs are typically worn a few weeks before the official 'start' of any given season, as it is considered fashionable to anticipate the coming season. 2128:

usually sewn with a single running stitch roughly 3 millimetres (0.12 in) to 4 millimetres (0.16 in) long, with stitches growing shorter around the collar area for strength. Kimono seams, instead of being pressed entirely flat, are pressed to have a 'lip' of roughly 2 millimetres (0.079 in) (known as the

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On this page are some of my tomesode. Most are black-background kuro-tomesode, but there is the odd iro-tomesode (coloured tomesode) too. In the list of formality, tomesode rank to the top, becoming more formal the higher the number of kamon (small family emblems to the center back, each sleeve back,

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is sewn further and deeper back into the nape of the neck, so that it can be pulled down much lower without causing the front of the kimono to ride up. The sleeves are set unevenly onto the body, shorter at the back than at the front, so that the underarm does not show when the collar is pulled down.

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resemble a kimono in construction, with a few key differences: the sleeves are typically open along the entire cuff side, with only a few stitches sewing both sides together placed where a normal kimono sleeve cuff would end; the sleeve has no curve sewn into the outer edge, instead being square; the

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is always unlined, and thus only worn in summer; the most formal kimono, in contrast, are unlikely to be worn unlined in summer, as many people simply do not have more than one formal kimono to wear, and do not wear formal kimono often enough to warrant the purchase of a new, unlined kimono, just for

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that will not fray, the woven edges of the fabric bolt are retained when the kimono is sewn, leading to large and often uneven seam allowances; unlike Western clothing, the seam allowances are not trimmed down, allowing for a kimono to be resewn to different measurements without the fabric fraying at

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In the second half of the 20th century, the Japanese economy boomed, and silk became cheaper, making it possible for the average family to afford silk kimono. The kimono retail industry had developed an elaborate codification of rules for kimono-wearing, with types of kimono, levels of formality, and

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worn by kabuki actors varies by role, and so can appear as the humble clothing of an Edo-period merchant's daughter, as well as the fine silk clothing of a samurai woman. These costumes may be made of polyester, as well as silk, informal silk fabrics, cotton, linen or hemp. Pattern placement, colour

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The formality levels of different types of kimono are a relatively modern invention, having been developed between late Meiji- to post-war Japan, following the abolition of Edo-period sumptuary clothing laws in 1868. These laws changed constantly, as did the strictness with which they were enforced,

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Juban covers a wide range of undergarments which are worn between the silk kimono and the skin, to protect the delicate, expensive and often unwashable kimono from sweat and skin oils. Juban worn next to the skin are generally described as hadagi or hadajuban and need to be washable, so are cotton,

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displaying the inn a person was staying at. From roughly the mid-1980s onwards, they began to be produced in a wider variety of colours and designs, responding to demand for a more casual kimono that could be worn to a summer festival, and have since become more formal than their previous status as

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Though artisan-made kimono are some of the most accomplished works of textile art on the market, many pieces are not bought solely for appreciation of the craft. Unwritten social obligations to wear kimono to certain events – weddings, funerals – often leads consumers to purchase artisan pieces for

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Men's sleeves are not visual markers of youth. They are attached to the body of the kimono all the way down, or almost all of the way down; though a small portion perhaps a few centimetres in length may be left unattached to the body at the very bottom, this portion is sewn closed. The construction

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had developed roughly modern kimono proportions, though variety existed until roughly the mid- to later years of the era. Men's sleeves continued to be sewn shut to the body of the kimono down most of their length, with no more than a few inches unattached at the bottom, unlike the women's style of

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Though men's kimono historically displayed just as much decoration and variety as women's kimono, in the modern era, the principal distinction of men's kimono in terms of seasonality and occasion is the fabric. The typical men's kimono is a subdued, dark colour; black, dark blues, greens and browns

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are commonly seasonal motifs worn out of season, either to denote the spring just passed or the desire for cooler autumn or winter temperatures. Colour also contributes to the seasonality of kimono, with some seasons – such as autumn – generally favouring warmer, darker colours over lighter, cooler

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The economic collapse of the 1990s bankrupted much of the kimono industry and ended a number of expensive practices. The rules for how to wear kimono lost their previous hold over the entire industry, and formerly-expensive traditions such as bridal kimono trousseaus generally disappeared, and when

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Kimono range in variation from extremely formal to very casual. For women, the formality is determined mostly by pattern placement, decoration style, fabric choice and colour. For men, whose kimono are generally monochromatic, formality is determined typically by fabric choice and colour. For both

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In contrast, kimono bought by hobbyists are likely to be less expensive, purchased from second-hand stores with no such sales practices or obligation to buy. Hobbyists may also buy cheaper synthetic kimono (marketed as 'washable') brand-new. Some enthusiasts also make their own kimono; this may be

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It was during the Taishō period that the modern formalisation of kimono and kimono types began to emerge. The Meiji period had seen the slow introduction of kimono types that mediated between the informal and the most formal, a trend that continued throughout the Taishō period, as social occasions

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Before WWII, the length of women's kimono sleeves varied, with sleeves gradually shortening as a woman got older. During WWII, due to shortage of fabric, the 'short' length of women's kimono sleeves became standardised, and post-WWII, the realm of long kimono sleeves was narrowly curtailed to the

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Some custom bolts of fabric are produced for especially tall or heavy people, such as sumo wrestlers, who must have kimono custom-made by either joining multiple bolts, weaving custom-width fabric, or using non-standard size fabric. For children, in the early 1900s, shorter lengths were used, and

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By the 1970s, formal kimono formed the vast majority of kimono sales. Kimono retailers, due to the pricing structure of brand new kimono, had developed a relative monopoly on not only prices but also a perception of kimono knowledge, allowing them to dictate prices and heavily promote more formal

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Even kimono that have not been hand-crafted will constitute a relatively high expense when bought new, as even for one outfit, a number of accessories of the right formality and appearance must be bought. Not all brand-new kimono originate from artisans, and mass-production of kimono – mainly of

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Despite the expense of hand-sewing, however, some modern kimono, including silk kimono and all formal kimono, are still hand-sewn entirely; even machine-sewn kimono require some degree of hand-sewing, particularly in finishing the collar, the hem, and the lining, if present. Hand-sewn kimono are

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the seams. This was also used to prolong the life of the garment by reversing the sleeves (hiding the worn cuff hem in the shoulder seam) or the back panels (swapping the high-stress center seam and the low-stress sides), like the European custom of side-to-middling or end-to-middling bedsheets.

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that are decorated with dyed patterns, and vice versa. However, for all but the most formal kimono, this is more of a general suggestion than a strict rule. Formal kimono are typically decorated with dyed patterns, commonly found along the hemline. These patterns may feature embroidery in parts,

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The history of the kimono can be tracked back to the Heian period (794–1185), when Japan's nobility embraced a distinctive style of clothing. Formerly the most common Japanese garment, the kimono has fallen out of favor and is rarely worn as everyday dress now. They are most often seen at summer

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are formal women's kimono, featuring a black background and a design along the hem. They are the most formal women's kimono, and are worn to formal events such as weddings and wedding parties. The design is only present along the hem; the further up the body this design reaches, the younger the

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is used for coarse adjustments, and made deliberately weak so that the stitches will tear before the cloth does under tension. Men's kimono, on the other hand, are cut to the length of the wearer's body and tied with a narrow belt at the hips, with no extra fabric in the kimono's length for an

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The lowly komon kimono is the workhorse of the kimono wardrobe, worn for trips to town, to friends houses, in any situation which is outside of the home but informal. Despite their name, which means 'small design', komon can have large or small imagery, and the repeat can be staggered widely.

2961:. In these instances, the kimono worn is constructed differently to a regular women's kimono: the collar is set back further into the neck, the sleeves are sewn to the body unevenly (further down the front than the back), and the body is elongated. This style of kimono is referred to as a 1118:, policemen, railroad workers and teachers moved to wearing Western clothing within their job roles, with the adoption of Western clothing by men in Japan happening at a much greater pace than by women. Initiatives such as the Tokyo Women's & Children's Wear Manufacturers' Association 3583:

were once bright and boldly-patterned (and were often kimono too damaged to use as an outer layer, repurposed), but are now typically muted pastel shades. The outside of men's garments tended towards subtle patterns and colours even after the sumptuary laws lifted, with blues and blacks

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worn by people performing traditional Japanese dance typically feature a bold design in block colours, as their clothing must stand out from the stage. Performers performing in a group wear kimono identical to one another, with the bold designs creating visual unity between performers.

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A number of different guides on seasonal kimono motifs exist, with some guides – such as those for tea ceremony in particular – being especially stringent on their reflection of the seasons. Motifs typically represent the flora, fauna, landscape or culture of Japan; one such example is

1328:) – trousers constructed from old kimono – instead. Fibres such as rayon became widespread during WWII, being inexpensive to produce and cheap to buy, and typically featured printed designs. Cloth rationing persisted until 1951, so most kimono were made at home from repurposed fabrics. 276:, the wearer's age, and – less commonly in the modern day – the wearer's marital status. Despite the kimono's reputation as a formal and difficult-to-wear garment, there are types of kimono suitable for both formal and informal occasions. The way a person wears their kimono is known as 1209:

and opportunities for leisure increased under the abolition of class distinctions. As Western clothing increased in popularity for men as everyday clothing, the kimono industry further established its own traditions of formal and informal dress for women; this saw the invention of the

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Men's kimono sleeves are only ever one length, and women's sleeves are limited to a short length suitable for almost all types of kimono, or a longer length used for only one type of formal young women's kimono. In the modern day, the two lengths of women's sleeve worn on kimono are

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Following the opening of Japan's borders in the early Meiji period to Western trade, a number of materials and techniques – such as wool and the use of synthetic dyestuffs – became popular, with casual wool kimono being relatively common in pre-1960s Japan; the use of safflower dye

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wrestlers) must wear kimonos at all times in public. Despite the small number of people who wear it regularly and its reputation as a complicated garment, the kimono has experienced a number of revivals in previous decades, and is still worn today as fashionable clothing in Japan.

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portions of the kimono, or asymmetrically placed along the entirety of the hem, with the design being larger and higher-placed at the left side than the right. Vintage kimono are more likely to have the former pattern placement than the latter, though this is not a hard rule.

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Today, the majority of people in Japan wear Western clothing as everyday attire, and are most likely to wear kimono either to formal occasions such as wedding ceremonies and funerals, or to summer events, where the standard kimono is the easy-to-wear, single-layer cotton

1237:), an uncommon practice of the upper classes in the Edo period, also became common throughout the middle classes; traditions of kimono bridalwear for marriage ceremonies were also codified in this time, which resembled the bridalwear of samurai-class women. Standards of 3326:

The high expense of some hand-crafted brand-new kimono reflects the traditional kimono making industry, where the most skilled artisans practice specific, expensive and time-consuming techniques, known to and mastered only by a few. These techniques, such as hand-plied

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Modern kimono are widely available in fabrics considered easier to care for, such as polyester. Kimono linings are typically silk or imitation silk, and often match the top fabric in fibre type, though the lining of some casual silk kimono may be cotton, wool or linen.

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clothing code was instituted, which stipulated that all robes had to be overlapped at the front with a left-to-right closure, following typical Chinese fashions. This convention of wear is still followed today, with a right-to-left closure worn only by the deceased.

1365:(and expensive) purchases, as selling a single formal kimono could support the seller comfortably for three months. The kimono industry peaked in 1975, with total sales of 2.8 trillion yen (~£18 billion). The sale of informal brand new kimono was largely neglected. 4518: 8021:(translator did not translate the full book text, but from the acknowledgements of vol 1 it sounds as if some of his translations might be incorporated into the work. Volume 1 came out in 1919, volume 2 in 1920. Note the work is in the public domain, therefore 1025: 7926:"呉服 Gofuku, Kure-hatori" 1. A general term for kimono textiles, a bolt of fabric 2. The name of silk fabrics as opposed to Futomono 3. A twill woven with the method from the country of Go in ancient China, Kurehatori (literally translates as a weave of Kure) 4589:(crests), and the sleeves are fairly short. They are made with a repeating designs, though the repeat length may be quite long. Designs can be made with any method; woven patterns, prints, stencilled patterns in alternating orientations, freehand painting ( 1051: 2886:

In the present day, both men's and women's kimono retain some historical features – for instance, women's kimono trailed along the floor throughout certain eras, and when the wearer went outside, the excess length would be tucked and tied underneath the

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of the Ryukyuan people. Though similar to the kimono, these garments are distinguishable by their separate cultural heritage, and are not considered to be simply 'variations' of kimono such as the clothing worn by the working class is considered to be.

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mostly retained its small, narrow and round-sleeved nature, with the length of women's sleeves gradually increasing over time and eventually becoming mostly detached from the body of the garment below the shoulders. The collar on both men's and women's

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generally could not double as a regular kimono, as they often feature heavy, highly-formal decoration and may be padded throughout, if not solely on the hem. They are designed to trail along the floor, and the heavily-padded hem helps to achieve this.

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Outside of being re-woven into new fabrics, worn-out kimono have historically been recycled in a variety of ways, depending on the type of kimono and its original use. When the cloth is worn out, it may be used as fabric for smaller items or to create

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Kimono vary widely in fabric type, and are not all made of silk. Certain types of fabric, such as wool, cotton, linen and hemp, are always considered informal, and so are not seen on more formal varieties of kimono. Certain varieties of silk, such as

3548:); sometimes they were banned altogether, and were transferred to the collar of the underkimono, or the inside of the hem, where only the faintest glimpse would be intermittently visible. This type of subtle ostentation became an aesthetic known as 6166:

There are a number of accessories that can be worn with the kimono, and these vary by occasion and use. Some are ceremonial, or worn only for special occasions, whereas others are part of dressing in kimono and are used in a more practical sense.

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Clothing used by the upper classes was significantly simpler to don and wear than dress from the following Heian period. Sleeves, while narrow, were long enough to cover the fingers, since status was associated with covering more of the body.

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Like many other traditional Japanese garments, there are specific ways to fold kimono. These methods help to preserve the garment and to keep it from creasing when stored. Kimono are often stored wrapped in acid-free paper envelopes known as

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may have a false collar attached to it, or a matching false collar sewn to the kimono separately, creating the illusion of a layered kimono at the neckline; separate false sleeve cuffs may also be sewn into the kimono to create this effect.

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In 1869, the social class system was abolished, and with them, class-specific sumptuary laws. Kimono with formerly-restricted elements, like red and purple colours, became popular, particularly with the advent of synthetic dyestuffs such as

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being of Chinese origin, due to the limitations of Japan's ability to produce the fabrics at the time. As early as the 4th century CE, images of priestess-queens and tribal chiefs in Japan depicted figures wearing clothing similar that of

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is immediate. The richness of fabrics increases going into November and December, with figured silks featuring woven patterns appropriate. Coming into January, crêpe fabrics with a rougher texture become appropriate, with fabrics such as

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believes we are in a strange age where people who know nothing about kimono are the ones who spend a lot of money on a genuine handcrafted kimono for a wedding that is worn once by someone who suffers wearing it, and then is never used

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leading to Chinese styles of dress, appearance, and culture becoming extremely popular in Japanese court society. The Imperial Japanese court quickly adopted Chinese styles of dress and clothing, with evidence of the oldest samples of

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Formal kimono, made of expensive and thin silk fabrics, would have been re-sewn into children's kimono when they became unusable for adults, as they were typically unsuitable for practical clothing; kimono were shortened, with the

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only – formal young women's and girl's kimono, where previously longer sleeves were seen on other varieties of dress, both formal and informal. Pre-WWII women's kimono are recognisable for their longer sleeves, which, though not

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Though the kimono is the national dress of Japan, it has never been the sole item of clothing worn throughout Japan; even before the introduction of Western dress to Japan, many different styles of dress were worn, such as the

5158: 757: 6263:, typically featured the plainest decorative techniques, such as dyework only, and the successive outer layers would feature techniques such as embroidery and couched gold thread, with the outermost layer – known as the 1361:, and parents felt obliged to provide kimono trousseaus that cost up to 10 million yen (~£70,000), which were displayed and inspected publicly as part of the wedding, including being transported in transparent trucks. 4605:). Traditionally the direction of the fabric was alternated in adjacent panels (necessary due to the lack of shoulder seam), so patterns were generally reversible. If the pattern is the same way up on each panel, the 1893:(patchwork) kimono (which were also sometimes made for the sake of fashion). The fact that the pattern pieces of a kimono consist of rectangles, and not complex shapes, make reuse in garments or other items easier. 908:" – luxurious displays of wealth and increased patronage of the arts – led to the further development of many art forms, including those of clothing. Genroku culture was led by the growing and increasingly-powerful 1579:, and denote the season in which the kimono can be worn; however, some motifs have no season and can be worn all-year round. Others, such as the combination of pine, plum and bamboo – a grouping referred to as the 2090:

Though adult women also retained a 'tuck' at the hip, this was a leftover from the trailing length of most women's kimono, which had previously been either held up by hand when walking or tied up loosely with a

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Some related garments still worn today were the contemporary clothing of previous time periods, and have survived on in an official and/or ceremonial capacity, worn only on certain occasions by certain people.

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Second-hand items are seen as highly affordable; costs can be as little as ¥100 (about US$ 0.90) at thrift stores within Japan, and certain historic kimono production areas around the country – such as the

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Both men's and women's kimono feature sleeves considered relatively short, with men's sleeves shorter than women's. Though lengths can vary by a few centimetres, these lengths are informally standardised.

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fabrics, but other dyes, such as reds and purples, were forbidden to those below a certain class. Sometimes, for some classes, designs were restricted to below the belt, to the bottoms of the sleeves (for

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without getting in the way. Sleeves for both men and women grew in proportion to be of roughly equal width to the body panels, and the collar for both men's and women's kimono became shorter and narrower.

6529:. Although this can be extremely expensive, it is generally less expensive than the traditional method of taking a kimono apart to clean it. This may, however, be impossible for certain fabrics or dyes. 803: 6471:

In the past, a kimono would often be entirely taken apart for washing, and then re-sewn for wearing. This traditional washing method involves two steps: taking the kimono apart and washing each piece (

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became popular with young people. Around 2010, men began wearing kimono again in situations other than their own wedding, and kimono were again promoted and worn as everyday dress by a small minority.

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district of Kyoto – are well known for their second-hand kimono markets. Kimono themselves do not go out of fashion, making even vintage or antique pieces viable for wear, depending on condition.

1764:, meaning "thick materials", with both cotton and hemp yarns being considerably thicker than silk yarns used for weaving. Cotton kimono are specifically referred to in the context of materials as 3447:

The modern kimono canon was roughly formalised after WWII, following fabric shortages, a generation unfamiliar with wearing kimono in everyday life, and the postwar revival of kimono sales by

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are monochromatic, undecorated women's kimono mainly worn to tea ceremonies, as the monochrome appearance is considered to be unobtrusive to the ceremony itself. Despite being monochromatic,

1929:, or were simply cut at the waist to create a side-tying jacket. After marriage or a certain age, young women would shorten the sleeves of their kimono; the excess fabric would be used as a 2740:

Though the basic shape of the kimono has not changed in centuries, proportions have, historically, varied in different eras of Japanese history. Beginning in the later Heian period, the

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painted, closely stencilled, woven, Printed, striped, spotted, shibori, silk, jinken, modern polyester--if it's a repetitive design, short-sleeved, and without kamon, then it's a komon.

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developed. They valued and prioritised the display of wealth through an almost mundane appearance, and the concept of kimono design and wear continues to this day as a major influence.

6257:, and generally featured the same design presented on different background colours, such as white (innermost), red (middle layer) and black (outermost). The innermost layers, known as 466: 8937: 2097:; though kimono were not worn as trailing towards the end of the 19th century, the excess length of most women's kimono remained, with the hip fold formalised and neatened into the 10349: 6011:

can be up to 230 cm (91 in) long, and are generally no shorter than 200 cm (79 in) from shoulder to hem; this is to allow the kimono to trail along the floor.

6269:– displaying the most extensive decoration. These matching sets would be designed and created together, commonly as part of a bride's outfit for a wedding. Extant intact sets of 721:

resembled a modern kimono, though at this time the sleeves were sewn shut at the back and were smaller in width (shoulder seam to cuff) than the body of the garment. During the

4961:– across the back-right shoulder and back-right sleeve, the front-left shoulder and the front-left sleeve, and across the hem, higher at the left than the right – but, unlike 8935: 7351: 511: 7766: 2870:

very deep sleeves mostly detached from the body of the kimono. Men's sleeves were also less deep than women's kimono sleeves so that they did not get tied under the narrow

6245:

Pre-WW2, kimono were commonly worn layered, with three being the standard number of layers worn over the top of undergarments. The layered kimono underneath were known as

2124:. Once cleaned, the fabric would be resewn by hand; this process, though necessary in previous centuries, is uncommon in modern-day Japan, as it is relatively expensive. 2015: 1167:

kimono, woven from raw and waste silk threads unsuitable for other uses, became highly popular, following the loss of many people's possessions. By 1930, ready-to-wear

1701:

is also used to refer to kimono in general within Japan, particularly within the context of the kimono industry, as traditional kimono shops are referred to as either

4755:

formal wear, with specific patterns becoming associated with specific families. Towards the end of the Edo period, in the early 1800s, commoners began to wear them.

6251:, and were often a patchwork of older or unwearable kimono taken apart for their fabric. Specifically-designed matching sets of formal layered kimono were known as 3796:

worn in February. Figured silks continue to be worn until June, when the unlined season begins again. In Japan, this process of changing clothes is referred to as

637: 8539: 3886:) crest is the least formal, with the outline of the crest relatively faint. Shadow crests may be embroidered onto the kimono, and full-embroidery crests, called 3556:, and outlasted the sumptuary laws. Modern-day rules of formality, however, still echo clothing distinctions typically employed by the uppermost samurai classes. 3511:

and were designed to keep the nouveau riche merchant classes from dressing above their station, and appearing better-dressed than monetarily-poor but status-rich

8668: 8631: 8449: 3444:

Several different types of kimono exist. These varieties are primarily based on formality and gender, with more women's varieties of kimono existing than men's.

951:

issued a number of sumptuary laws on kimono for the lower classes, prohibiting the use of purple or red fabric, gold embroidery, and the use of intricately dyed

8122: 630:

jacket worn by both genders in the early 7th century. Others, such as the wrapped front robes also worn by men and women, were kept. Some elements, such as the

1114:, the opening of Japan to Western trade after the enclosure of the Edo period led to a drive towards Western dress as a sign of "modernity". After an edict by 272:, though Western-style fabric bolts are also sometimes used. There are different types of kimono for men, women, and children, varying based on the occasion, 8936: 8587: 6290:, a tube-sleeved, wrapped-front garment considered to be underwear, though in the modern day, regular underwear is sometimes worn instead, and a traditional 3716:

Within the two realms of lined and unlined, further distinctions exist for different months. Lined kimono are either made from transparent or gauze fabrics (

1566:

gold and silver thread, and/or gold and silver foil. The layout of motifs can denote a kimono's age, with patterns that mirror along the vertical back seam (

1525:

Kimono fabrics are often decorated, sometimes by hand, before construction. Customarily, kimono with woven patterns are considered more informal, though for

1491:), woven to double-width. Formal kimono are almost always made from silk, with thicker, heavier, stiff or matte fabrics generally being considered informal. 2134:) pressed over each seam. This disguises the stitches, as hand-sewn kimono are not tightly sewn, rendering the stitches visible if pressed entirely flat. 7877: 1910: 10741: 3612:, are considered informal, having once been woven only by silk farmers out of unusable cocoons for their own use; other, more modern varieties, such as 587:(794–1193 CE), Japan stopped sending envoys to the Chinese dynastic courts. This prevented Chinese-imported goods—including clothing—from entering the 4107:

transitioned from being mostly red with bold white motifs to being white or light pastel colours. The dye technique previously used to achieve this,

4673:; they may have one to three crests, with a small, fine pattern that appears to be a solid colour from a distance, and so resembles the more formal 4620:

Woven geometric patterns (such as stripes) have no season, but others show images representing the season in general. Woven non-geometric patterns (

1338:

schools were set up to teach women how to don kimono. Men in this period rarely wore kimono, and menswear thus escaped most of the formalisation.).

7432: 6386:

In modern-day Japan, layered kimono are generally only seen on the stage, whether for classical dances or in kabuki. A false second layer called a

4227:

were originally very simple indigo and white cotton kimono, little more than a bathrobe worn either within the house, or for a short walk locally;

1058: 5871:

is worn for the part of the wedding ceremony, symbolising the purity of the bride coming into the marriage. The bride may later change into a red

3781:

In the same kimono guide, the first lined kimono are worn in October, and the transition away from plainer opaque fabrics to richer silks such as

7717: 900:(1603–1867 CE), both Japan's culture and economy developed significantly. A particular factor in the development of the Edo period was the early 3366:

The high cost of most brand-new kimono reflects in part the pricing techniques within the industry. Most brand-new kimono are purchased through

2905:

is now used for fine length adjustments, and takes up 7–10 inches (18–25 cm) of excess length. A hand-sewn tuck across the back under the

8061: 7010:

in English, Japanese has no conventions of adding an -s suffix to denote plurality in transliterated words; thus, most sources in English use

6902:

Kimono are collected in the same way as Japanese hobbyists by some non-Japanese, and may be worn to events such as Kimono de Jack gatherings.

6811:

kimono are often made with thread spun by hand. It can take up to three months to make enough thread for one kimono by an experienced weaver.

10427: 6508:). They are sometimes replaced for storage. They help to prevent bunching, folding and wrinkling, and keep the kimono's layers in alignment. 3778:, worn in June, become suitable again, and opaque fabrics become preferred over sheer, though sheer may still be worn if the weather is hot. 8022: 5713:, "to drape upon", originating in roughly the 16th century from a fashion among the ruling classes of the time to wear kimono (then called 8019:. Vol. 2. Translated by Inada, Hogitaro. Harold B. Lee Library. London : Printed under the authority of H. M. Stationery Office. 3660:

Despite their informal nature, many types of traditional, informal kimono fabrics are highly-prized for their craftsmanship. Varieties of

9039: 4497:

silk fibre, though now include various types of casual silk kimono whereby the pattern is produced by weave as opposed to surface dying.

3639:

stripes only worn in high summer (July and August), but is used for all types of kimono and for other garments, such as under-kimono and

3688:

In the summer months (from June until October in the most stringent kimono guides, such as those for tea ceremony), kimono are unlined (

3418:

can cost upwards of US$ 300, as they are often intricately woven, or decorated with embroidery, goldwork and may be hand-painted. Men's

3124:

were historically worn by all children, with no gender distinction in pattern or cut, but it is now only young girls who are dressed in

3424:, in contrast, retail much cheaper, as they are narrower, shorter, and have either very little or no decoration, though high-end men's 6101:

worn by geisha and their apprentices are formal kimono worn to engagements, and so are always made of fine silk, resembling kimono of

3930:(traditional trousers) is more formal still. The material, colour, and pattern of these overgarments also varies in formality. Longer 978:

became much longer and wider, with various styles of knots coming into fashion, alongside stiffer weaves of material to support them.

9057: 6920: 6136: 5985:) are women's kimono with a specialised construction that allows them to be worn trailing, with a deep-set and widely-spaced collar. 5528:-decorated") are the most formal men's kimono, which, apart from the cut of the sleeve, look exactly the same from the waist up as a 5120:, has its patterns dyed on the bolt before sewing up. This method of production can usually distinguish the two, as the motifs on a 1935:(wrapping cloth), could be used to lengthen the kimono at the waist, or could be used to create a patchwork undergarment known as a 735:

developed further, with bolder designs and flashy colours becoming popular. By this time, separate lower-body garments, such as the

7691: 3577:(underkimono), which is not worn as an outer layer outside the home, and so only shows at the neck and inside the sleeves. Women's 104:

Kimono for a young woman, depicting a boat on swirling water, with pine tree, plum blossoms and maples. Japan, 1912–1926. From the

5324:

feature formal crests along the shoulders on a colour background, which, apart from the cut of the sleeve, appears the same as an

3035:

Usual women's length; this was longer pre-WWII, but was shortened due to rationing. This is the length almost invariably used for

2780:

was an ankle-length garment for both men and women, and had small, rounded sleeves that were sewn to the body of the garment. The

1853:

kimono became less profitable in the face of cheaper everyday Western clothing, and eventually went out of business, leaving only

10019: 9515: 6275:

kimono are difficult to find, particularly in good condition, with the innermost kimono typically damaged and in poor condition.

5773:

are typically red or white, and often decorated heavily with auspicious motifs. Because they are not designed to be worn with an

492: 5108:

are first roughly sewn up, and the design is sketched onto the fabric, before the garment is taken apart to be dyed again. The

5094:, but with patterns generally matching across the seams. They are always made of silk, and are considered more formal than the 2106:

Kimono have a set method of construction, which allows the entire garment to be taken apart, cleaned and resewn easily. As the

6872:

Kimono are worn outside of Japan in a variety of circumstances. Kimono may be worn to Shinto ceremonies by Brazilian girls of

5743:

progressed into being an over-kimono worn by samurai women before being adopted some time in the 20th century as bridal wear.

3323:

Both men's and women's brand-new kimono can range in expense (in 2023) from around ¥1000 (~$ 7 USD) to ¥150,000 (~$ 1050 US)

2199:

kimono. Some fully lined kimono do not have a separate lower and upper lining, and are instead lined with solid panels on the

8531: 8393: 7749: 7258: 6278:

In modern Japan, at least one layer is typically worn next to the skin when wearing kimono. Traditionally, this would be the

4867:

with incredibly fine patterns are also considered suitable for tea ceremony, as from a distance they are visually similar to

3983:, and outside of formal occasions that warrant it, can wear all other types of women's kimono which feature shorter sleeves. 2162:

kimono; partially lined kimono – with lining only at the sleeve cuff, the back of the sleeve, the lower chest portion of the

4171:

is not considered an essential piece of kimono underwear, and a t-shirt and shorts are frequently substituted in its place.

4092:

are frequently more decorative than women's, often featuring a dyed pictorial scene in the upper back, such as a scene from

2798:

draped around the shoulders, over the head, or as the outermost garment stripped off the shoulders and held in place by the

319:, the most informal type of kimono. More formal types are worn to funerals, weddings, graduations, and other formal events. 11039: 8114: 6182:

wear variations on common accessories that are not found in everyday dress. As an extension of this, many practitioners of

5204:

are formal women's kimono that feature a design along the hem on a coloured background. They are slightly less formal than

7280:. Rebecca A. T. Stevens, Yoshiko Iwamoto Wada, Textile Museum (1st ed.). Washington, D.C.: Pomegranate. p. 132. 4563:

are informal women's kimono. They were the type most often worn as everyday womenswear in pre-war Japan. Though informal,

4261:

are brightly coloured, featuring large motifs from a variety of different seasons. For women, they are worn with either a

3645:. Some fabrics – such as certain types of crêpe – are never seen in certain varieties of kimono, and some fabrics such as 3106:

refers by definition to highly-formal long-sleeved kimono worn by girls and young women; however, informal kimono such as

1543:

with woven patterns. Though kimono fabrics with woven patterns are typically not especially heavy and can be lightweight,

8846: 5168:

dating to the 1920s displaying a mirrored skirt pattern (the same garment as in the wedding image at the top of the page)

4727:

worn by women characterised by an extremely small repeating pattern, usually done in white on a coloured background. The

4644:(slubbed silk), cotton, linen, ramie, and hemp. In the modern day, synthetic blends and synthetics are also used; rayon ( 3584:

predominating, but designers later came to use browns, greens, purples, and other colours in increasingly bold patterns.

3347:

casual or semi-formal kimono – does exist, with mass-produced pieces being mostly cheaper than those purchased through a

966:

From this point onwards, the basic shape of both men's and women's kimono remained largely unchanged. The sleeves of the

33: 8583: 5908:

fan tucked into the kimono. Due to the expensive nature of traditional bridal clothing, few are likely to buy brand-new

4398:, an underkimono resembling) is worn underneath, showing a second layer of collar at the neckline. However, some modern 4025:

is typically a little shorter than the length of a kimono when worn, and features no extra length to be bloused into an

238: 11054: 7815: 7502: 7217: 4733:

dyeing technique is sometimes said to originate in the late Heian period (circa mid-12th century), with a motif called

4078:

are often dyed in dark colours, and can be made of the same material as the outer kimono, as some kimono fabric bolts (

1941:. Kimono that were in better condition could be re-used as an under-kimono, or to create a false underlayer known as a 1013: 667:

During the later Heian period, various clothing edicts reduced the number of layers a woman could wear, leading to the

8787: 8657: 8437: 4156:

comes in two pieces (a wrap-front top and a skirt), features no collar, and either has tube sleeves or is sleeveless.

8013:

Victoria and Albert Museum. Department of Textiles; Smith, A. D. Howell; Koop, Albert J. (Albert James) (1919–1920).

7947: 7555: 7323: 7285: 7192: 7110: 6383:, which is visible at the neckline when worn underneath a kimono, is designed to be replaced and washed when needed. 3798: 1576: 1174: 441: 422: 273: 8340: 7869: 7409: 2955:

Women's kimono are still worn trailing in some situations, such as onstage, in historical dramas, and by geisha and

2746:– an unlined robe worn as underwear – became the predominant outerwear garment for both men and women, known as the 1357:

was deemed a necessity. Bridal trousseaus containing tens of kimono of every possible subtype were also promoted as

10525: 8602: 8554: 7892: 6046:

are pulled up somewhat diagonally, to emphasise the hips and ensure the kimono trails nicely on the floor. A small

3340: 874: 394: 2876:

around the hips, whereas on a woman's kimono, the long, unattached bottom of the sleeve could hang over the wider

1155:

as school uniform for girls. However, kimono still remained popular as an item of everyday fashion; following the

624:, with some elements being abandoned by both male and female courtiers, such as the round-necked and tube-sleeved 10086: 9032: 7153: 6195:

For certain traditional holidays and occasions some specific types of kimono accessories are worn. For instance,

4628:) are also common. Small, dense patterns are often used; this is practical, as fine-scale patterns hides stains. 2921:-width instead of a half width), though it is always folded in half lengthwise before wearing – a style known as 542: 8897: 8741: 8319: 7832: 6095:

can resemble many other types of women's kimono in their decoration, fabric type, colour and sleeve length. The

2009:

The hatless child in the pale kimono most clearly shows the shoulder tucks and hip overfold used to adjust size.

10401: 10116: 7100: 1034: 379: 9002: 6407:

resembles the lower half of a kimono's lining which, and is sewn to the kimono horizontally along the back. A

6302:

is typically made of something more washable than silk, such as cotton, hemp, linen or some synthetic fibres.

3957:

length, which almost reaches the floor, and a shorter length, used for every other variety of women's kimono.

1901:

are used to hold cloth together and decorate it. The cloth used for patchwork clothing must all be of similar

1107:; literally, "red silk") was also common in pre-1960s Japan, making kimono from this era easily identifiable. 401: 10312: 9903: 264:

Kimono have a set method of construction and are typically made from a long, narrow bolt of cloth known as a

10066: 6542:

Kimono are produced in different regions all over Japan. Locations known for making kimono are often called

5914:; it is not unusual to rent kimono for special occasions, and Shinto shrines are known to keep and rent out 3900:

Formality can also be determined by the type and colour of accessories. For women, this may be the weave of

10396: 10081: 8991: 8261: 7547: 6477:) and then stretching each piece of a kimono onto a board to dry after they have been washed and starched ( 5675: 2150:

A number of terms are used to refer to the different parts of a kimono. Kimono that are lined are known as

1406: 105: 8768: 6525:

at least seasonally and before and after each time they are worn. Many people prefer to have their kimono

4779:

can be worn as low-formality visiting wear; because of this, they are always made of silk, unlike regular

3857: 2987:

The sleeve length (dropping down from the arm towards the floor when held outstretched) varies in kimono.

10537: 10499: 10386: 9508: 8992:

The Canadian Museum of Civilization - Archive of the exhibition "The Landscape Kimonos of Itchiku Kubota"

8069: 6896: 4903:

if the purpose of wear is a tea ceremony; instead, flat and untextured silks are chosen for accessories.

3874:) crest, where the design is outlined and filled in with white, is the most formal type. A "mid-shadow" ( 7429: 4043:

are considered an essential piece of kimono underwear, and are worn with all types of kimono except for

408: 10992: 10721: 9987: 9808: 9025: 6183: 3750:

in some time in July, fabrics switch over to gauzier varieties, and highly-prized hemp fabrics such as

726: 9965: 8290: 3277:(Coming of Age Day) or weddings, either by the bride herself or an unmarried younger female relative. 2786:

was a relatively thin belt tied somewhat low on the waist, usually in a plain bow, and was known as a

1289:

While kimono were no longer common wear for men, they remained everyday wear for Japanese women until

1243:

at this time began to slowly graduate to a more formalised, neatened appearance, with a flat, uniform

613:. The term is used to refer to Heian-period Japanese culture, particularly that of the upper classes. 11044: 10473: 10354: 10206: 10076: 10061: 8971: 6117:

and design varies by role, with many roles having costume designs preserved from previous centuries.

3527:-dyed clothing was allowed for all classes, and was commonly seen in hand-dyed cotton, linen or hemp 1290: 930:

fabric, also became the preferred material for kimono at this time, replacing the previously-popular

541:(300–538 CE; the first part of the Yamato period), through immigration between the two countries and 10726: 5690: 4936: 4714: 1503: 1267:

standards were still relatively informal, and would not become formalised until after World War II.

1156: 10422: 9003:

Archived link to the Immortal Geisha Forums; comprehensive resource on kimono knowledge and culture

8682: 6522: 5850: 5579:

are a category of kimono and kimono accessories suitable for mourning, worn by both men and women.

5342:, men do not wear formal kimono that have elaborate patterns on the hem, as these would be hidden. 2003: 878:

The overall silhouette of the kimono transformed during the Edo period due to the evolution of the

390: 178: 8607:[Learning Kimono for Tea Ceremony: Dressing for each season] (in Japanese). Archived from 8559:[Learning Kimono for Tea Ceremony: Dressing for each season] (in Japanese). Archived from 8358: 7897:[Learning Kimono for Tea Ceremony: Dressing for each season] (in Japanese). Archived from 7567: 4037:) or features only thin ones, with the collar set at a lower angle than that of a regular kimono. 3343:

in recognition of their work, with the pieces they produce being considered culturally important.

1401:

In 2019, the mayor of Kyoto announced that his staff were working to register "Kimono Culture" on

9720: 7235:

Elizabeth LaCouture, Journal of Design History, Vol. 30, Issue 3, 1 September 2017, Pages 300–314

3842:) is the least formal, used for occasions such as tea ceremony. Kimono (and other garments, like 1580: 1141: 375: 368: 20: 8696: 8012: 6034:

are also tied differently when they are put on – whereas regular kimono are tied with a visible

5886:

will form part of a bridal ensemble with matching or coordinating accessories, such as a bridal

237:. The kimono is a wrapped-front garment with square sleeves and a rectangular body, and is worn 11049: 9501: 3395:

due to difficulty finding kimono of the right size, or simply for personal choice and fashion.

241:, unless the wearer is deceased. The kimono is traditionally worn with a broad sash, called an 5757:, and thus are not designed to be worn belted. Unlike their 16th century counterparts, modern 10856: 1623: 1293:(1940–1945). Though the Taishō period had seen a number of invented traditions, standards of 10731: 8812: 6365:

resembles a kimono made of a lighter, thinner fabric, not uncommonly constructed without an

5222:

would make the wearer appear to be overdressed for the situation. The pattern placement for

3587:

Older people generally wear more subtle patterns, and younger people brighter, bolder ones.

3237:

86–115 cm (34–45 in), or shoulder to calf; usually about 100 cm (39 in)

636:

skirt worn by women, continued to in a reduced capacity, worn only to formal occasions; the

10891: 10263: 8967: 7669: 5006:

by the size of the motifs used, with smaller, less fluid motifs generally considered to be

3880:) crest is mid-formality, with only the outline of the crest visible in white. A "shadow" ( 3295:

114–115 cm (45–45 in), as high as 125 cm (49 in), or shoulder to ankle

2071:). Tucks were also used to take in the garment; an outwards-facing pleat at each shoulder ( 7352:"Dress like an aristocrat from the Nara period at new costume rental shop in Nara【Photos】" 7318:(first ed.). Washington DC, San Francisco: The Textile Museum, Pomegranate Artbooks. 5820: 5377: 5181: 5065: 4818: 8: 10148: 10128: 8144: 6873: 3013:

of men's kimono sleeves reflects the fact that they do not have to accommodate the wider

2712:. Top left: as a belted and wrapped robe; top right: belted and off the shoulders in the 1314:

During the war, kimono factories shut down, and the government encouraged people to wear

7695: 7233: 5413:

being considered somewhat more mature. The design is either symmetrically placed on the

5146:

to weddings (except relatives) and receptions. They may also be worn to formal parties.

4659:

are not worn as often as formal kimono, though they have a wider range of suitable use.

3380:

are also regarded as notorious for sales practices seen as unscrupulous and pressuring:

1583:– are auspicious, and thus worn to formal occasions for the entire year. Motifs seen on 1341:

Kimono were promoted as essential for ceremonial occasions; for instance, the expensive

10673: 9813: 9605: 9532: 9305: 9073: 6888: 948: 483: 5140:

may be worn by both married and unmarried women; often friends of the bride will wear

2915:

Formal women's kimono also retain the wider collar of previous eras (made from a full

1444: 111: 10954: 10736: 10653: 10176: 10143: 9881: 9823: 9798: 9698: 9595: 9204: 9048: 8389: 7943: 7811: 7774: 7745: 7711: 7551: 7498: 7329: 7319: 7291: 7281: 7254: 7213: 7188: 7106: 6892: 6771: 6717: 6597: 5844: 5704: 5671: 4494: 4094: 3412:

are likely to remain somewhat pricey; a used, well-kept and high-quality second-hand

2863:

front panel kept its long, shallow angle towards the hem. During the Edo period, the

1643:

The fabrics that kimono are made from are classified in two categories within Japan.

1516: 885: 794: 455: 8014: 7127: 6881: 6823: 6019:

are sewn differently to normal kimono due to the way they are worn. The collar on a

4458: 3746:

with twisted silk threads) are recommended for wear. Following the beginning of the

2702: 415: 11034: 10572: 10369: 10253: 10181: 10171: 10044: 9859: 9828: 9671: 9628: 9359: 8868: 6583: 6052:

is tied, larger at the back than the front, but it wrapped against the body with a

5330:

from the waist up, and thus cannot be distinguished in pattern when worn under the

3551: 3100:

kimono are worn by young, typically unmarried, women. In the present day, the term

1639:; the areas likely to have been damaged are made in another colour. Paper and silk. 1555:

being made from thickly-woven brocade. Traditionally, woven kimono are paired with

1443:

are made from a wide variety of fibre types, including hemp, linen, silk, Japanese

958: 692: 657: 616:

Women's clothing in the imperial palace became increasingly stylised in the formal

7518: 6798: 4739:, which shows tiny stylised cherry blossoms on a background of white dots. In the 10886: 10432: 10317: 10106: 9980: 9645: 9426: 8952: 7453: 7436: 6742: 6624: 6401:

may be attached instead of an entirely separate kimono to achieve this look; the

3767: 3630: 2118:

Historically, kimono were taken apart entirely to be washed – a process known as

1595: 1299:(wearing kimono) were still not as formalised in this time, with creases, uneven 1199:) technique of dyeing, where either warp or both warp and weft threads (known as 1074: 981:

In the Edo period, the kimono market was divided into craftspeople, who made the

905: 8502: 7475: 6966: 6837: 6806: 6784: 5697:

are highly formal women's over-kimono, worn only by brides or onstage. The name

5572: 5132:

generally will not. However, the two can prove near-indistinguishable at times.

4949:, though the two sometimes appear similar or indistinguishable. The motifs on a 4540: 4214: 3680:

are valued for their traditional production, and regularly command high prices.

3077: 691:) garment—previously considered underwear—becoming outerwear by the time of the 210: 11018: 10846: 10781: 10763: 10643: 10597: 10520: 10456: 10446: 10441: 10391: 10029: 10024: 9876: 9838: 8983:

Articles on contemporary kimono artisans and production regions by Ginza Motoji

8320:"Introduction Of Furisode, With Obi And Kimono Accessories | かふぇきもの Cafekimono" 8068:. 137 A Witness to History. National Museum of Japanese History. Archived from 6486:

New, custom-made kimono are generally delivered to a customer with long, loose

5660: 3676: 3657:

altogether, having been more popular in previous eras than in the present-day.

2107: 722: 100: 8468: 7990: 5440:– a false lining layer – attached, occasionally with a slightly padded hem. A 4110: 3700:). This applies to all types of kimono, with a few caveats: the very informal 3315: 1275: 136: 49: 11028: 10934: 10283: 10133: 9781: 9406: 8882: 8410: 7778: 7519:"Genroku period | Edo culture, Ukiyo-e art & Kabuki theater | Britannica" 6487: 6212: 3523:

Under feudal sumptuary laws, colours were restricted by class; for instance,

3218:

are not worn often enough to warrant buying a more casual form of the dress.

1902: 1658:

is the term used to indicate silk kimono fabrics, composed of the characters

1115: 502: 8955:

was created from a revision of this article dated 19 February 2009

8711: 7379:"JAPANESE TRADITIONAL RAIMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF EMERGENT CULTURAL PARADIGMS" 7333: 7295: 7161: 6548:. Many of these regional variations still exist today and are recognized as 5893: 4691: 3772:

continue to be worn; in September, they are still worn, but fabrics such as

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dotwork dyeing, may take over a year to finish. Kimono artisans may be made

656:

grew too narrow to wrap all the way around and became a trapezoidal pleated

11006: 10964: 10911: 10861: 10668: 10451: 10226: 10071: 9524: 9368: 8817: 8200: 8092: 7840: 7804: 6526: 6232: 4144:

are even further removed from resembling a kimono in construction than the

4031:

for women's kimono; the front either does not have any overlapping panels (

3747: 3272: 3251:

has been growing longer, due to growing people and the near-elimination of

1809:– also being used to refer widely to hemp, linen and ramie kimono fabrics. 1137: 1111: 947:

In response to the increasing material wealth of the merchant classes, the

664:(trousers) became longer than the legs and also trailed behind the wearer. 588: 584: 555: 538: 498: 66: 9154: 8840: 6913: 6171: 5591:

and accessories are characterised by their plain, solid black appearance.

5032:, and can be worn to parties, but not ceremonies or highly formal events. 4374:

may also be worn over the top of a t-shirt and shorts. This distinguishes

2065:

sometimes the body of the kimono was made only a single cloth width wide (

1285:

standards for women, which promoted a neater, more standardised appearance

766: 619: 10929: 10803: 10776: 10693: 10587: 10552: 10364: 10138: 10096: 9997: 9992: 9908: 9869: 9575: 8982: 7964: 7313: 7275: 6610: 6426: 6149: 3813: 3753: 1352: 939: 560: 517: 10969: 8608: 8560: 7898: 6177: 5558: 4285:), and are often accessorised with colourful hair accessories. For men, 3595: 3475: 10813: 10567: 10494: 10359: 10034: 9713: 9691: 9388: 9323: 7663:"Survival or Success? The Kimono Retail Industry in Contemporary Japan" 7493:

Fassbender, Bardo; Peters, Anne; Peter, Simone; Högger, Daniel (2012).

5210:, which have roughly the same pattern placement on a black background. 4740: 3636: 1906: 1859:

stores to sell kimono – leading to kimono shops becoming known only as

1674: 1228: 897: 382: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 244: 9007: 7992:

Boro no Bi : Beauty in Humility—Repaired Cotton Rags of Old Japan

6993: 6107:

formality and above in their pattern placement and background colour.

5751:

are designed to be worn over the top of a complete kimono outfit with

4569:

with smaller, denser patterns are considered a shade more formal than

4476: 4450: 4434: 2033:

Kimono are traditionally made from a single bolt of fabric known as a

10798: 10663: 10658: 10592: 10582: 10562: 10530: 10049: 10012: 9953: 9703: 9676: 9600: 9565: 9435: 9296: 8235: 5926:

already are likely to have inherited them from close family members.

4750: 4490: 4189: 3868:-carrying"). The type of crest adds formality as well. A "full sun" ( 3357:

reasons other than personal choice, fashion sense or love of kimono:

972:

began to grow in length, especially amongst unmarried women, and the

10322: 10243: 9270: 9017: 7006:. Though 'kimonos' is technically an acceptable plural for the term 6490:

stitches placed around the outside edges. These stitches are called

4132:

are a type of kimono undergarment traditionally worn underneath the

3918:(a traditional jacket) makes an outfit more formal, and adding both 3430:

can still retail at a high cost equal to that of a high-end women's

3298:

Generally only worn by brides, dancers, and singers. The hem of the

1140:

for men and school uniform for boys, and between 1920 and 1930, the

909: 747:, were almost never worn, allowing full-length patterns to be seen. 578: 357: 10949: 10906: 10866: 10786: 10771: 10678: 10633: 10542: 10379: 10342: 10337: 10248: 10231: 10111: 10091: 9975: 9970: 9918: 9843: 9686: 9560: 9555: 9314: 9091: 9082: 7378: 6877: 6551: 5482:, but are instead likely to be a matte fabric with little texture. 3952: 3400: 3054: 2771:. Court-appropriate dress continued to resemble the previous eras. 2111: 1888: 1563: 1549:

fabrics with woven patterns are often very heavy, with many formal

1344: 1178: 642: 473: 10974: 10716: 10258: 5534:, and thus cannot be distinguished in pattern when worn under the 4592: 4489:

kimono traditionally referred to kimono woven in plain weave with

4323:

are always unlined, and it is possible for women to wear a casual

4115:, fell out of fashion and knowledge and was rediscovered in 2010. 4063:

and can either be patterned or entirely plain, and modern women's

3728:(a type of silk crêpe noted as a more "wrinkle-resistant" form of 1829:

fabrics was separated, with silk kimono handled at shops known as

884:, the sleeves, and the style of wearing multiple layered kimono. ( 848: 10944: 10818: 10808: 10628: 10602: 10557: 10547: 10466: 10374: 10332: 10268: 10236: 10216: 10186: 10054: 10007: 10002: 9948: 9943: 9793: 9755: 9750: 9745: 9730: 9725: 9655: 9650: 9550: 9462: 9397: 9350: 9341: 9240: 9231: 9195: 9163: 7273: 6927: 5791: 4744: 4639: 4600: 4498: 4467: 4429: 4199:

decorated with spider chrysanthemums and dragonflies respectively

4081: 4057:

are typically made of lightweight materials, often silk. Women's

3791: 3621: 3607: 3512: 2036: 1977: 1896: 1876: 1474: 1423: 1418: 1088: 1061:, May 1912, some in European dress, some in kimono, some wearing 901: 549: 334: 267: 116: 9493: 9480: 8997: 8035: 7767:"#KimOhNo: Kim Kardashian West renames Kimono brand amid outcry" 7249:

Wada, Yoshiko Iwamoto; Rice, Mary Kellogg; Barton, Jane (2011).

6002: 4885:, though likely no more than this, and are always made of silk. 2688: 1985: 1377:

In the early years of the 21st century, the cheaper and simpler

250: 10979: 10939: 10901: 10896: 10878: 10851: 10823: 10793: 10688: 10623: 10504: 10489: 10327: 10278: 10221: 10211: 10196: 10123: 10039: 9938: 9933: 9928: 9891: 9864: 9818: 9740: 9640: 9585: 9545: 9540: 9471: 9332: 9287: 9258: 9213: 9186: 9172: 9136: 9109: 9100: 9012: 6855: 6748: 5998: 5847: 5843:

are pure-white wedding kimono worn by brides for a traditional

5716: 5624:

A completely black mourning ensemble for women – a plain black

5354: 5088:

are women's formal kimono with the same pattern placement as a

4623: 4502: 4441: 4205: 4184: 3669: 3615: 3530: 3524: 2683: 2142: 2078: 2061:

as well. Kimono linings are made from bolts of the same width.

1970: 1610: 1454: 1402: 1194: 1162: 927: 788: 780: 698: 670: 661: 331:

are required to wear a kimono as part of their profession, and

320: 314: 58: 9145: 7864: 7862: 7860: 7858: 7544:

Robes of Elegance: Japanese Kimonos of the 16th-20th Centuries

7050:

length at the front and back, showing how it is tied into the

1677:

in ancient China where silk weaving technology developed, and

957:

patterns. As a result, a school of aesthetic thought known as

10959: 10871: 10828: 10711: 10273: 10201: 10191: 10166: 10101: 9913: 9886: 9803: 9788: 9735: 9681: 9633: 9590: 9570: 9444: 9249: 9222: 9127: 9118: 7253:(3rd ed.). New York: Kodansha USA, Inc. pp. 11–13. 7038:

Video reference showing Atami geisha Kyouma being dressed in

6895:

overseas, such as Japanese Filipinos in the Philippines (see

6565: 6463: 6198: 5401:

wearer is considered to be, though for a very young woman an

4856: 4653:

Now that kimono are not typically worn as informal clothing,

3245:

are suitable for most formal occasions; the sleeve length of

3164:, these are parallel versions of the formal, shorter-sleeved 2050: 1794:, "hemp clothes", in Japanese, with the character for hemp – 1617: 1460: 1317: 921: 839:

worn as outerwear. Note wider cut of the body, unisex narrow

534: 326: 234: 155: 142: 89:

A man and a woman wearing formal kimono, for a 1923 wedding (

73: 8769:"Varianten des Kimono: Furisode, Tomesode, Hōmongi & Co" 8240:

Kimono Mochi: private kimono collection photographs and text

7277:

The kimono inspiration : art and art-to-wear in America

6371:

panel at the front, and often has a collar cover known as a

4915: 4221:

are casual cotton summer kimono worn by both men and women.

3651:(heavy satin) silk are barely ever seen in modern kimono or 3565:. Bright, elaborate decoration is used on the lining of the 233:

is a traditional Japanese garment and the national dress of

10461: 9958: 9923: 9896: 9833: 9580: 9453: 8442:-dyeing Techniques and Designs after the Meiji Restoration" 8172:

The Great Japan Exhibition: Art of the Edo Period 1600-1868

7855: 7492: 7251:

Shibori: The Inventive Art of Japanese Shaped Resist Dyeing

7094: 7092: 5938: 5737:) unbelted over the shoulders of one's other garments; the 5044: 3974:

length, are longer than most women's kimono sleeves today.

2857:

retained its relatively long and wide proportions, and the

1188: 340: 256: 7090: 7088: 7086: 7084: 7082: 7080: 7078: 7076: 7074: 7072: 6502:, the small white prickstitching seen along the collar of 6143: 4797: 4086:) are woven with enough length to accommodate this. Men's 3627:

Some fabrics are also worn only at certain times of year;

3060: 2841:– becoming popular as formal dress for the upper classes. 2810:– a heavily decorated over-kimono, stemming from the verb 533:

The first instances of kimono-like garments in Japan were

9776: 7439: 7105:(1st ed.). Seattle: University of Washington Press. 5505:, small white decorative prickstitches along the collar. 4943:

are low-ranking women's formalwear, and are a step below

4233:

were also worn by guests at inns, with the design of the

1031:

Assorted types of kimono, Western dress, a court lady in

528: 40: 8448:(475). DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. 4517: 1841:. Stores that handled all types of fabric were known as 1039:, and a schoolgirl in a high-collared shirt, kimono and 43:

temple-goer wearing a formal cherry-blossom-motif kimono

8658:"BENI ITAJIME: CARVED BOARD CLAMP RESIST DYEING IN RED" 8411:"The unspoiled market found by the lost office workers" 7870:"Kimono Seasonal Motifs, Colors and Flowers: Finished!" 7495:

The Oxford Handbook of the History of International Law

7069: 3810:

Formality is also determined by the number and type of

3206:

are rare, but are sometimes worn for graduations. Most

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The back panels. The back panels consist of the "right

1847:, though after the Meiji period, stores only retailing 1817:

Until the end of the Edo period, the tailoring of both

9478: 9469: 9460: 9451: 9442: 9433: 9424: 9404: 9395: 9386: 9366: 9357: 9348: 9339: 9330: 9321: 9312: 9303: 9294: 9285: 9256: 9247: 9238: 9229: 9220: 9211: 9202: 9193: 9184: 9170: 9161: 9152: 9143: 9134: 9125: 9116: 9107: 9098: 9089: 9080: 9071: 8813:"[Video from Atami Geigi Kenban on Instagram]" 7315:

The kimono inspiration: art and art-to-wear in America

7312:

Stevens, Rebecca A. T.; Wada, Yoshiko Iwamoto (1996).

7051: 7045: 7039: 7024: 6925: 6911: 6849: 6843: 6821: 6804: 6782: 6757: 6728: 6703: 6690: 6683: 6676: 6669: 6662: 6655: 6635: 6608: 6581: 6549: 6543: 6533: 6513: 6503: 6497: 6491: 6478: 6472: 6450: 6444: 6438: 6432: 6424: 6418: 6408: 6402: 6378: 6372: 6366: 6360: 6354: 6342: 6318: 6312: 6306: 6297: 6291: 6285: 6279: 6270: 6264: 6258: 6252: 6246: 6230: 6224: 6218: 6210: 6204: 6196: 6187: 6175: 6153: 6121: 6111: 6102: 6096: 6090: 6081: 6075: 6053: 6047: 6041: 6035: 6029: 6020: 6014: 6006: 5992: 5986: 5980: 5958: 5949: 5943: 5930: 5921: 5915: 5909: 5903: 5897: 5887: 5881: 5872: 5866: 5860: 5854: 5802: 5796: 5783: 5774: 5768: 5758: 5752: 5746: 5738: 5714: 5708: 5698: 5665: 5652: 5643: 5637: 5631: 5625: 5616: 5610: 5604: 5598: 5592: 5586: 5580: 5549: 5535: 5529: 5523: 5517: 5509: 5485: 5477: 5471: 5465: 5459: 5453: 5447: 5441: 5435: 5429: 5420: 5414: 5408: 5402: 5359: 5346: 5337: 5331: 5325: 5319: 5306: 5280: 5271: 5265: 5259: 5253: 5247: 5241: 5235: 5229: 5223: 5217: 5211: 5205: 5163: 5150: 5141: 5135: 5127: 5121: 5115: 5109: 5103: 5095: 5089: 5048: 5036: 5027: 5021: 5013: 5007: 5001: 4995: 4989: 4983: 4977: 4971: 4962: 4956: 4950: 4944: 4919: 4907: 4898: 4892: 4886: 4880: 4874: 4868: 4862: 4854: 4848: 4842: 4801: 4789: 4780: 4774: 4768: 4762: 4756: 4748: 4734: 4728: 4722: 4696: 4683: 4674: 4668: 4660: 4654: 4645: 4637: 4631: 4621: 4612: 4606: 4598: 4590: 4584: 4578: 4570: 4564: 4522: 4509: 4484: 4420: 4411: 4405: 4399: 4393: 4387: 4381: 4375: 4369: 4363: 4357: 4351: 4342: 4336: 4330: 4324: 4318: 4310: 4304: 4298: 4292: 4286: 4280: 4274: 4268: 4262: 4256: 4247: 4241: 4234: 4228: 4222: 4194: 4175: 4166: 4160: 4151: 4145: 4139: 4133: 4127: 4119: 4108: 4102: 4087: 4079: 4073: 4064: 4058: 4052: 4044: 4038: 4032: 4026: 4020: 4013: 4007: 4001: 3992: 3978: 3969: 3962: 3950: 3931: 3925: 3919: 3913: 3907: 3901: 3887: 3881: 3875: 3869: 3863: 3855: 3849: 3843: 3837: 3831: 3825: 3819: 3811: 3789: 3782: 3773: 3765: 3759: 3751: 3741: 3735: 3729: 3723: 3717: 3708: 3701: 3695: 3689: 3667: 3661: 3652: 3646: 3640: 3628: 3613: 3605: 3578: 3572: 3566: 3560: 3549: 3543: 3537: 3528: 3502: 3492: 3486: 3480: 3466: 3448: 3431: 3425: 3419: 3413: 3407: 3385: 3375: 3367: 3348: 3334: 3328: 3299: 3288: 3282: 3270: 3264: 3258: 3252: 3246: 3240: 3229: 3223: 3213: 3207: 3201: 3195: 3189: 3183: 3177: 3171: 3165: 3159: 3153: 3141: 3135: 3125: 3119: 3113: 3107: 3101: 3052: 3042: 3036: 3024: 3014: 2974: 2968: 2962: 2956: 2945: 2916: 2906: 2900: 2894: 2888: 2877: 2871: 2864: 2858: 2852: 2845: 2836: 2805: 2799: 2793: 2787: 2781: 2775: 2741: 2731: 2725: 2719: 2713: 2707: 2693: 2668: 2662: 2582: 2392: 2386: 2380: 2342:

The part of the sleeve left hanging below the armhole.

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began to be held closed with a small belt known as an

704: 696: 668: 631: 617: 592: 547: 332: 324: 312: 265: 254: 242: 183: 71: 64: 56: 10990: 8898:"International conference on Japan and Japan Studies" 7307: 7305: 5609:. Men wear a kimono of the same kind, with a subdued 5216:, though worn to formal events, may be chosen when a 3559:

Aspects of men's kimono still follow this extreme of

1873:

Kimono can readily be resized, or unpicked back into

1779:, "cotton clothes", whereas hemp kimono are known as 1749:

Cotton and hemp fabrics are referred to generally as

625: 477: 7744:(1st ed.). Milano, Italy: Skira Editore S.p.A. 7154:"About the size of tanmono (a roll of kimono cloth)" 6858:

threads are hand woven together to create patterns.

6532: 2792:. During this time period, the fashion of wearing a 1835:, and kimono of other fibres sold at shops known as 1205:) were dyed using a stencil pattern before weaving. 8998:

The Kyoto Costume Museum - Costume History in Japan

8845:(video) (in Japanese). さとしの和ちゃんねる. 13 August 2022. 8584:"Kimono Seasonal Flowers, Motifs, and Colors: July" 8526: 8524: 8174:. London: Royal Academy of Arts. pp. 222–229. 6848:kimono are dyed with mud and dyed from the bark of 6130: 5648:being the last thing to be changed over to colour. 4483:are casual silk kimono worn by both men and women. 2677: 1479:(bolts of narrow width), save for certain types of 1173:kimono had become highly popular for their bright, 8816: 8115:"Kimono Seasonal Motifs, Flowers, and Colors: May" 7803: 7758: 7384:Cogito (2066-7094, Humanities Source, EBSCO (Host) 7377: 7302: 6186:wear similar kimono and accessories to geisha and 5126:are likely to cross fluidly over seams in a way a 4356:is traditionally worn as a single layer or over a 1572:) being typical for kimono made before the 1930s. 1136:Western clothing quickly became standard issue as 809:The courtiers in the foreground are wearing their 8532:"Kimono Seasonal Flowers, Motifs, and More: June" 8463: 8461: 8459: 8230: 8228: 8226: 8224: 8222: 8220: 8218: 5012:, and larger, more fluid motifs considered to be 4101:In the late 19th and early 20th century, women's 4012:, is an under-kimono worn by both men and women. 3939: 2418:The opening under the sleeve on a woman's kimono. 2047:are woven to be long enough to create a matching 1989:How a kimono is assembled from pieces cut from a 579:Heian period to Azuchi–Momoyama period (794–1600) 11026: 8905:Rites of Passage in Japanese Traditional Culture 8883:"About Ooshima Tsumugimura｜Ooshima Tsumugi Mura" 8665:Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings 8655: 8576: 8521: 8446:Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings 8145:"Costume History in Japan - The Kamakura Period" 7997:Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings 7735: 7733: 7731: 7729: 7727: 7497:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 477. 7067: 7044:– the second video shows the difference between 6423:can be seen in some kabuki performances such as 5615:and a black-and-white or black-and-grey striped 3599:Couple being married in formal traditional dress 936:plain-weave silk, which had been used to create 249:, and is commonly worn with accessories such as 8815:(in Japanese). 11 December 2018. Archived from 8435: 8388:(1st ed.). New York: Bloomsbury Academic. 7965:"Kosode: a Japanese garment for the SCA period" 7797: 7795: 6999: 6972: 6387: 6324: 5920:for traditional weddings. Those who do possess 5811: 5681: 5563: 5491: 5368: 5288: 5172: 5056: 4927: 4809: 4705: 4531: 4465: 4439: 4203: 3507:worn with the kimono also determine formality. 3068: 2922: 2811: 2747: 2628: 2591: 2548: 2527: 2506: 2485: 2464: 2443: 2422: 2401: 2346: 2309: 2288: 2267: 2246: 2225: 2175: 1795: 1780: 1765: 1750: 1732: 1717: 1702: 1678: 1659: 1644: 1537:featuring dyed patterns being less formal than 606: 277: 9008:Articles on kimono from the V&A Collection 8456: 8215: 8195: 8193: 8191: 8189: 8187: 8185: 8183: 8087: 8085: 8083: 8081: 8079: 7942:(in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. p. 82. 7810:(3rd ed.). London: Vintage Random House. 7248: 6991: 6964: 6830: 6791: 6764: 6735: 6710: 6642: 6617: 6590: 6394: 5818: 5779:, the designs cover the entirety of the back. 5688: 5570: 5498: 5375: 5179: 5063: 4934: 4816: 4712: 4538: 4474: 4448: 4212: 3713:also change fabric type in the summer months. 3075: 2718:style; bottom left: as an unbelted outer robe 2635: 2598: 2555: 2534: 2513: 2492: 2471: 2450: 2429: 2408: 2353: 2316: 2295: 2274: 2253: 2232: 1802: 1787: 1772: 1757: 1739: 1724: 1709: 1685: 1666: 1651: 1386: 1121: 649: 600: 537:introduced to Japan via Chinese envoys in the 284: 207: 160: 9509: 9033: 8656:Arai, Masanao; Iwamoto Wada, Yoshiko (2010). 8503:"Male article: Type and difference of kimono" 7724: 6359:, is worn over the top of any underwear. The 5954:-type pattern on the kimono's elongated skirt 5246:may drift slightly into the back hem itself. 4416:, for occasions such as informal eating-out. 3694:); for the rest of the year, they are lined ( 3635:, for instance, is a plain-weave fabric with 2774:By the beginning of the Kamakura period, the 1128:promoted Western dress as everyday clothing. 8735: 8733: 8649: 7792: 6556:, famous products of their place of origin. 3977:Young women are not limited to wearing only 2379:The front panels on a kimono, excluding the 2156:kimono, whereas unlined kimono are known as 2026:, shoulder tucks to adjust size for children 1368: 1131: 520:dress, late 8th century, 2005 reconstruction 311:festivals, where people frequently wear the 8496: 8494: 8492: 8490: 8488: 8486: 8429: 8180: 8076: 8055: 8053: 7742:Taisho Kimono: Speaking of Past and Present 7716:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 7689: 7469: 7467: 7311: 6854:Tree creating a deep black color. Mud dyed 6331: 6089:Aside from their specialised construction, 6059: 5964: 5877:after the ceremony to symbolise good luck. 5826: 5722: 5383: 5295: 5187: 5071: 4824: 4561:, though the patterns may in fact be large) 4546: 3683: 3083: 3041:, and used by definition for every type of 2929: 2818: 2754: 2641: 2604: 2561: 2359: 2322: 2182: 1956:, kimono made of a fancier material in the 1923:taken off and the collar re-sewn to create 1270: 1159:of 1923, cheap, informal and ready-to-wear 1001: 676: 290: 216: 9516: 9502: 9040: 9026: 8008: 8006: 7839:(in Japanese). スリーネクスト (株). Archived from 7274:Textile Museum (Washington, D.C.) (1996). 7185:Grand Sumo: The Living Sport and Tradition 5991:are extremely long kimono worn by geisha, 5603:, worn with white undergarments and white 5543: 4347:could also be dressed up in the same way. 3986: 2730:style; bottom right: over the head in the 1177:, many of which took inspiration from the 135: 9058:List of items traditionally worn in Japan 8895: 8730: 8335: 8333: 7445: 6921:List of items traditionally worn in Japan 6747:Cotton Kimono known for often hand woven 6137:List of items traditionally worn in Japan 4636:are made with informal materials such as 4240:bathrobes, with high-end, less colourful 3212:are vintage kimono, as in the modern day 2385:. The panels are divided into the "right 1019:Part of the Ootuki family in kimono, 1874 869: 442:Learn how and when to remove this message 8963:, and does not reflect subsequent edits. 8946: 8600:(Translated from the original Japanese: 8552:(Translated from the original Japanese: 8483: 8050: 7982: 7890:(Translated from the original Japanese: 7656: 7654: 7652: 7650: 7648: 7646: 7644: 7642: 7640: 7638: 7636: 7634: 7632: 7630: 7628: 7626: 7624: 7622: 7620: 7618: 7616: 7614: 7612: 7610: 7608: 7606: 7604: 7602: 7600: 7598: 7596: 7464: 7182: 6462: 6455:can also be seen on some bridal kimono. 6296:is not considered strictly necessary. A 6040:, and the side seams are kept straight, 5937: 5790: 5659: 5434:are always made of silk, and may have a 5353: 5157: 5043: 4914: 4796: 4701:pattern is stencil-dyed onto the fabric. 4690: 4516: 4433: 4368:, featuring a simplified construction). 4188: 3895: 3758:are worn. Continuing into August, hemp, 3594: 3474: 3460: 3314: 3059: 2701: 2687: 2220:These terms refer to parts of a kimono: 2141: 1984: 1969: 1609: 1502: 1422: 1274: 873: 110: 99: 8314: 8312: 8310: 8308: 8306: 8304: 8291:"Furisode vs. Tomesode The Kimono Lady" 8285: 8283: 8016:Guide to the Japanese textiles: Costume 8003: 7824: 7594: 7592: 7590: 7588: 7586: 7584: 7582: 7580: 7578: 7576: 7375: 7369: 7345: 7343: 7207: 7176: 5476:are never made of flashy silks such as 4410:featuring a collar of linen, cotton or 3518: 3032:49 cm (19 in), or hip-length 476:influence, with overlapping collar and 11027: 8785: 8739: 8383: 8377: 8345:Tea Ceremony Japan Experiences MAIKOYA 8330: 8259: 8169: 8059: 7956: 7937: 7349: 5597:kimono are plain black silk with five 5446:usually has between 3 and 5 crests; a 5336:. Because formalwear for men requires 4853:suitable for autumn are often made of 4527:with a small, repeating floral pattern 3188:-style pattern is deemed casual wear. 2698:(left) and a modern-day kimono (right) 1221:(short-sleeved) kimono for women, and 529:Yamato period to Nara period (300–794) 9497: 9047: 9021: 8671:from the original on 2 November 2021. 8038:. Kimono-taizen.com. 22 February 1999 7801: 7486: 7098: 7023:Rough crêpe fabrics are not used for 6437:flipped back slightly underneath the 6074:) wrap, which is then covered by the 3830:) are the most formal, three crests ( 1671:, the Japanese pronunciation of "Wu") 1101:) for silk linings fabrics (known as 1045:. All wear both purple and red. 1890. 695:(1336–1573 CE). Originally worn with 8667:. University of Nebraska - Lincoln. 8452:from the original on 7 October 2023. 8408: 8301: 8280: 7988: 7739: 7660: 7573: 7340: 6431:, where the kimono is worn with the 5929: 5902:(usually mock-tortoiseshell), and a 5452:of any number of crests outranks an 5364:with three crests and longer sleeves 5270:may be made of figured silk such as 4362:(an underkimono worn underneath the 3836:) are mid-formality, and one crest ( 2835:, worn unbelted over the top of the 2581:The collar cover sewn on top of the 1465:). Fabrics are typically – for both 1279:A 1957 clothing ad, showing postwar 1255:, which also resembled the "proper" 380:adding citations to reliable sources 351: 8788:"Are kimono and hikizuri the same?" 8766: 8760: 8709: 8590:from the original on 5 January 2022 8542:from the original on 5 January 2022 8260:Coline, Youandi (26 October 2018). 7830: 7473: 7451: 7350:Rogers, Krista (14 December 2015). 7242: 7201: 7029:, whereas smooth crêpe fabrics are. 6867: 6353:, often known and referred to as a 6305:For all forms of kimono except the 5859:and sometimes described as a white 4982:often lead to confusion, with some 4955:are placed similarly to those of a 3501:men and women, the accessories and 2110:on nearly every panel features two 1812: 1731:– with the additional character of 1187:kimono were usually dyed using the 729:(1568–1600), the decoration of the 63:(storyteller) wearing kimono and 5- 13: 8933: 8341:"Main Kimono Types (general info)" 7962: 7764: 7125: 3439: 3406:However, even second-hand women's 1149:replaced the kimono and undivided 14: 11066: 9523: 8914: 8849:from the original on 8 April 2023 8740:Coline, Youandi (2 August 2019). 7570:Mami Baba. Sen'i gakkaishi vol.64 5621:, worn with black or white zōri. 5540:required for men's formal dress. 5258:are of the same formality as any 5234:, though patterns seen along the 4291:are worn with either an informal 1950:Children also traditionally wore 1073:spread from the court as part of 993:, or wholesalers, and retailers. 11012: 11000: 9269: 8945: 8500: 8384:Cliffe, Sheila (23 March 2017). 8125:from the original on 3 July 2020 7989:Wada, Yoshiko (1 January 2004). 7880:from the original on 2 July 2020 7160:. Hirota Tsumugi. Archived from 7128:"5 Embarrassing Kimono Mistakes" 6229:are also worn by young women on 6131:Related garments and accessories 5508: 4193:A woman and a young boy wearing 4069:are frequently white in colour. 3319:A modern second-hand kimono shop 2982: 2844:In the following centuries, the 2678:Evolution of kimono construction 2481:The wrist opening of the sleeve. 2014: 2002: 1498: 1050: 1024: 1012: 996: 904:period (1688–1704 CE), wherein " 892:, woodblock print, 19th century) 826: 802: 756: 543:envoys to the Tang dynasty court 510: 491: 465: 356: 82: 48: 32: 8889: 8875: 8861: 8833: 8805: 8779: 8703: 8689: 8675: 8624: 8402: 8351: 8253: 8163: 8137: 8107: 8097:Kimono mochi: kimono collection 8028: 7931: 7914: 7683: 7561: 7536: 7511: 7423: 7402: 7376:Rybalko, Svitlana (June 2012). 7032: 7017: 5670:(formal over-kimono) depicting 5345: 5279: 5026:can have between one and three 4246:sometimes standing in place of 3384:Many feared a tactic known as 2626: 2399: 1965: 1261:of upper-class women. However, 367:needs additional citations for 8746:chayatsujikimono.wordpress.com 8473:Kimonomochi: kimono collection 8436:Fukatsu-Fukuoka, Yuko (2004). 8359:"How to buy a kimono in Japan" 8266:chayatsujikimono.wordpress.com 8205:Kimonomochi: kimono collection 7267: 7226: 7146: 7119: 6942: 6891:, and by other members of the 6217:, alongside brightly coloured 5149: 5000:are only distinguishable from 4761:are of a similar formality to 4662: 4575:with larger, bolder patterns. 4404:are worn with collared cotton 4392:(also simply referred to as a 4329:with a high-end, more subdued 3940:Sleeve length and construction 3590: 3149:76–86 cm (30–34 in) 2504: 845:and shorter sleeves. Matsuura 815:off-the-shoulder, showing the 763:In the late Heian period, the 554:tie-dyed fabric stored at the 184: 1: 10313:Traditional Albanian clothing 8786:Coline, Youandi (June 2018). 8742:"Formality Series: Tsukesage" 8170:Watson, William, ed. (1981). 8060:Sawada, Kazuto (9 May 2014). 7063: 4341:underneath. A high-end men's 3491:on the centre-back seam of a 3176:, but with longer sleeves. A 2544:The sleeve pouch of a kimono. 2263:The lower lining of a kimono. 2242:The upper lining of a kimono. 1633: 854: 16:Traditional Japanese clothing 7548:North Carolina Museum of Art 7014:as both singular and plural. 6880:, in the Brazilian state of 6443:to expose the design on the 6154: 6144: 5782: 5676:Khalili Collection of Kimono 4906: 4847:may feature a woven design; 4682: 4667:are the most formal type of 4650:) and polyester are common. 4611:is more formal, approaching 4303:. Children generally wear a 4118: 3456: 2483: 2462: 2439:The overlapping front panel. 2344: 1531:, the reverse is true, with 1407:intangible cultural heritage 535:traditional Chinese clothing 239:left side wrapped over right 106:Khalili Collection of Kimono 7: 11040:Japanese full-body garments 9479: 9470: 9461: 9452: 9443: 9434: 9425: 9405: 9396: 9387: 9367: 9358: 9349: 9340: 9331: 9322: 9313: 9304: 9295: 9286: 9257: 9248: 9239: 9230: 9221: 9212: 9203: 9194: 9185: 9171: 9162: 9153: 9144: 9135: 9126: 9117: 9108: 9099: 9090: 9081: 9072: 8907:– via Google scholar. 8896:Batkalova, Kuralay (2016). 8066:Bimonthly Magazine REKIHAKU 8062:"Furisode and teenage boys" 7694:. Ndl.go.jp. Archived from 7212:. E.P. Dutton. p. 28. 7052: 7046: 7040: 7025: 7000: 6973: 6926: 6912: 6905: 6897:Japanese in the Philippines 6850: 6844: 6822: 6805: 6783: 6758: 6729: 6704: 6691: 6684: 6677: 6670: 6663: 6656: 6636: 6609: 6582: 6550: 6544: 6538:, kimono production regions 6534: 6514: 6504: 6498: 6492: 6479: 6473: 6451: 6445: 6439: 6433: 6425: 6419: 6409: 6403: 6388: 6379: 6373: 6367: 6361: 6355: 6343: 6325: 6319: 6313: 6307: 6298: 6292: 6286: 6280: 6271: 6265: 6259: 6253: 6247: 6240: 6231: 6225: 6219: 6211: 6205: 6197: 6188: 6176: 6122: 6112: 6103: 6097: 6091: 6082: 6076: 6054: 6048: 6042: 6036: 6030: 6021: 6015: 6007: 5993: 5987: 5981: 5959: 5950: 5944: 5931: 5922: 5916: 5910: 5904: 5898: 5888: 5882: 5873: 5867: 5861: 5855: 5812: 5803: 5797: 5784: 5775: 5769: 5759: 5753: 5747: 5739: 5715: 5709: 5699: 5682: 5666: 5653: 5651: 5644: 5638: 5632: 5626: 5617: 5611: 5605: 5599: 5593: 5587: 5581: 5564: 5550: 5536: 5530: 5524: 5518: 5510: 5492: 5486: 5478: 5472: 5466: 5460: 5454: 5448: 5442: 5436: 5430: 5421: 5415: 5409: 5403: 5369: 5360: 5347: 5338: 5332: 5326: 5320: 5307: 5289: 5281: 5272: 5266: 5260: 5254: 5248: 5242: 5236: 5230: 5224: 5218: 5212: 5206: 5173: 5164: 5151: 5142: 5136: 5128: 5122: 5116: 5110: 5104: 5096: 5090: 5057: 5049: 5037: 5028: 5022: 5014: 5008: 5002: 4996: 4990: 4984: 4978: 4972: 4963: 4957: 4951: 4945: 4928: 4920: 4908: 4899: 4893: 4887: 4881: 4875: 4869: 4863: 4855: 4849: 4843: 4810: 4802: 4790: 4781: 4775: 4769: 4763: 4757: 4749: 4735: 4729: 4723: 4706: 4697: 4684: 4675: 4669: 4661: 4655: 4646: 4638: 4632: 4622: 4613: 4607: 4599: 4591: 4585: 4579: 4571: 4565: 4532: 4523: 4510: 4501:kimono are often dyed with 4485: 4466: 4440: 4421: 4412: 4406: 4400: 4394: 4388: 4382: 4376: 4370: 4364: 4358: 4352: 4343: 4337: 4331: 4325: 4319: 4311: 4305: 4299: 4293: 4287: 4281: 4275: 4269: 4263: 4257: 4248: 4242: 4235: 4229: 4223: 4204: 4195: 4176: 4167: 4161: 4152: 4146: 4140: 4134: 4128: 4120: 4109: 4103: 4088: 4080: 4074: 4065: 4059: 4053: 4045: 4039: 4033: 4027: 4021: 4014: 4008: 4002: 3993: 3979: 3970: 3963: 3951: 3932: 3926: 3920: 3914: 3908: 3902: 3888: 3882: 3876: 3870: 3864: 3856: 3850: 3844: 3838: 3832: 3826: 3820: 3812: 3790: 3783: 3774: 3766: 3760: 3752: 3742: 3736: 3730: 3724: 3718: 3709: 3702: 3696: 3690: 3668: 3662: 3653: 3647: 3641: 3629: 3614: 3606: 3579: 3573: 3567: 3561: 3550: 3544: 3538: 3529: 3503: 3493: 3487: 3481: 3467: 3449: 3432: 3426: 3420: 3414: 3408: 3386: 3376: 3368: 3349: 3335: 3329: 3304:is padded so it can trail. 3300: 3289: 3283: 3271: 3265: 3259: 3253: 3247: 3241: 3230: 3224: 3214: 3208: 3202: 3196: 3190: 3184: 3178: 3172: 3166: 3160: 3154: 3142: 3136: 3126: 3120: 3114: 3108: 3102: 3069: 3053: 3043: 3037: 3029:, ordinary women's sleeves 3025: 3015: 2975: 2969: 2963: 2957: 2946: 2923: 2917: 2907: 2901: 2895: 2893:in a hip fold known as the 2889: 2878: 2872: 2865: 2859: 2853: 2846: 2837: 2812: 2806: 2800: 2794: 2788: 2782: 2776: 2748: 2742: 2732: 2726: 2720: 2714: 2708: 2694: 2669: 2663: 2629: 2592: 2583: 2549: 2528: 2507: 2486: 2465: 2444: 2423: 2402: 2393: 2387: 2381: 2347: 2310: 2289: 2268: 2247: 2226: 2213: 2207: 2201: 2176: 2170: 2164: 2158: 2152: 2146:Diagram of the kimono parts 2130: 2120: 2099: 2093: 2083: 2081:-like overfold at the hip ( 2073: 2067: 2057: 2049: 2043: 2035: 2022: 1991: 1976: 1958: 1952: 1943: 1937: 1931: 1925: 1919: 1895: 1887: 1875: 1861: 1855: 1849: 1843: 1837: 1831: 1825: 1819: 1796: 1781: 1766: 1751: 1733: 1718: 1703: 1697: 1679: 1660: 1645: 1628: 1616: 1585: 1568: 1557: 1551: 1545: 1539: 1533: 1527: 1515: 1509: 1487: 1481: 1473: 1467: 1459: 1449: 1439: 1433:kimono in full formal dress 1429: 1412: 1394: 1387:Reiwa period (2019–present) 1379: 1351: 1343: 1334: 1324: 1316: 1307: 1301: 1295: 1281: 1263: 1257: 1251: 1245: 1239: 1233: 1223: 1217: 1211: 1201: 1193: 1183: 1175:seasonally changing designs 1169: 1161: 1151: 1143: 1103: 1097: 1069: 1063: 1041: 1033: 989: 983: 974: 968: 953: 938: 932: 920: 914: 880: 847: 841: 835: 817: 811: 787: 779: 773: 765: 743: 737: 731: 717: 711: 705: 697: 669: 632: 626: 618: 607: 593: 548: 478: 333: 325: 313: 278: 266: 255: 243: 72: 65: 57: 10: 11071: 8536:thekimonolady.blogspot.com 8119:thekimonolady.blogspot.com 7874:thekimonolady.blogspot.com 7765:Ho, Vivian (1 July 2019). 7102:Kimono: Fashioning Culture 6957:to wear (on the shoulders) 6685:Shirataka itajime kogasuri 6377:sewn over its collar. The 6184:Japanese traditional dance 6134: 6003:traditional Japanese dance 5556: 5035: 4879:may occasionally have one 4788: 4427: 4419: 4182: 4006:, also referred to as the 2681: 2546: 2244: 2137: 1521:pattern, a September motif 1416: 771:consisted of many layers ( 453: 347: 18: 11055:History of Asian clothing 10922: 10839: 10756: 10704: 10613: 10513: 10482: 10412: 10305: 10298: 10159: 9852: 9766: 9664: 9621: 9614: 9531: 9417: 9379: 9278: 9267: 9064: 9055: 8604:茶席のきものを学ぶ: 季節ごとの装い 8556:茶席のきものを学ぶ: 季節ごとの装い 8386:The Social Life of Kimono 8262:"Women's vs Men's kimono" 7894:茶席のきものを学ぶ: 季節ごとの装い 6992: 6965: 6831: 6792: 6765: 6736: 6711: 6643: 6618: 6591: 6496:(not to be confused with 6395: 5819: 5689: 5571: 5548: 5499: 5376: 5318:are formal men's kimono. 5180: 5064: 4935: 4817: 4713: 4539: 4475: 4449: 4255:In the present day, many 4213: 4174: 3805: 3674:, and fabrics woven from 3341:Living National Treasures 3076: 3067: 2804:, led to the rise of the 2636: 2599: 2589: 2556: 2535: 2525: 2514: 2493: 2472: 2451: 2430: 2409: 2354: 2317: 2296: 2275: 2254: 2233: 1803: 1788: 1773: 1758: 1740: 1725: 1710: 1686: 1667: 1652: 1369:Heisei period (1989–2019) 1311:still deemed acceptable. 1132:Taishō period (1912–1926) 1122: 860:, Azuchi-Momoyama period. 650: 601: 285: 208: 195: 177: 172: 168: 161: 154: 149: 134: 130: 125: 8841: 8603: 8555: 7893: 7056:so as to be not visible. 6935: 6887:Kimono are also worn by 6311:(excluding high-quality 6209:, are worn by girls for 5228:is roughly identical to 4508: 3991: 3684:Lined and unlined kimono 3257:, and may be considered 2950:, a normal width collar) 2420: 2223: 2168:and the entirety of the 1974:Cutting a kimono from a 1868: 1605: 1349:worn by young women for 1271:Shōwa period (1926–1989) 1249:and a smooth, uncreased 1002:Meiji period (1868–1912) 7938:Tanaka, Atsuko (2012). 7410:"The Arts of Edo Japan" 7356:SoraNews24 -Japan News- 7210:The Story of the Kimono 7183:Sharnoff, Lora (1993). 6458: 5544:Occasion-specific types 5407:may be chosen instead, 5114:'s close relative, the 4988:indistinguishable from 4597:) or tie-dye patterns ( 3987:General types of kimono 3824:(crests). Five crests ( 3571:(jacket), and on men's 3542:) or to along the hem ( 3310: 2441: 2307: 2286: 1581:Three Friends of Winter 1575:Many kimono motifs are 21:Kimono (disambiguation) 8941: 8921:Listen to this article 8767:Tim (5 October 2020). 7542:Ishimura Hayao et al. 7435:19 August 2021 at the 7208:Liddell, Jill (1989). 6468: 6001:and people performing 5955: 5808: 5678: 5365: 5169: 5053: 4924: 4806: 4747:classes used them for 4702: 4528: 4462: 4200: 3936:are also more formal. 3600: 3497: 3472: 3392: 3364: 3333:fabrics and hand-tied 3320: 3064: 2737: 2699: 2265: 2147: 1995: 1982: 1640: 1522: 1471:and kimono – woven as 1434: 1286: 1157:Great Kantō Earthquake 893: 890:Plum Blossoms at Night 870:Edo period (1603–1867) 727:Azuchi–Momoyama period 120: 108: 8940: 8509:. Manga Designers Lab 7876:. 30 September 2013. 7568:町人のきもの 1 寛文～江戸中期までの着物 6466: 6237:(Coming of Age Day). 5948:kimono, displaying a 5941: 5896:), a set of matching 5794: 5663: 5458:with less than five. 5357: 5161: 5047: 4970:Similarities between 4918: 4800: 4694: 4520: 4437: 4192: 3896:Choice of accessories 3598: 3478: 3464: 3382: 3359: 3318: 3200:. In the modern era, 3063: 2912:overfold at the hip. 2705: 2692:Comparison between a 2691: 2145: 1988: 1973: 1690:, meaning "clothing") 1613: 1506: 1426: 1278: 1075:Japanese reform dress 877: 114: 103: 10892:Mexican pointy boots 9380:Belt / sash 8972:More spoken articles 8857:– via YouTube. 8842:【完全解説】自宅で着物を洗い張りしてみた 8415:Japan Business Press 8409:Tsuruoka, Hiroyuki. 8151:. The Costume Museum 7969:www.wodefordhall.com 7802:Dalby, Liza (2000). 7670:University of Oxford 7661:Valk, Julie (2018). 7099:Dalby, Liza (1993). 6952:comes from the verb 6467:How to fold a kimono 5836:white pure-innocence 5559:Mourning § Asia 4897:are never worn with 4891:accessories such as 3912:. For men, adding a 3519:Colours and patterns 1844:gofuku futomono dana 1513:machine-dyed with a 1227:. The bridal kimono 777:) worn over a plain 725:(1467–1615) and the 505:) dress, 7th century 472:Women's dress under 376:improve this article 19:For other uses, see 10847:Inuit skin clothing 8821:on 26 December 2021 8748:. Chayatsuji Kimono 8712:"Edokomon - Kimono" 8697:"鹿児島県・大島紬（おおしまつむぎ）" 8683:"紬とは？実は大島紬は紬じゃない！？" 8586:. 19 January 2013. 8538:. 16 October 2012. 8326:. 13 February 2020. 8268:. Chayatsuji Kimono 7922:Daijisen Dictionary 7474:Badgley, Joshua L. 7452:Badgley, Joshua L. 5853:. Comparable to an 5807:(wedding headpiece) 5197:colour short-sleeve 4380:from a more-formal 4279:(a soft, sash-like 3740:(a thicker type of 3194:are also worn with 2992: 2502:The kimono armhole. 2103:of the modern day. 1673:, referring to the 1322:(also romanised as 115:Woman in kimono at 10732:Nationella dräkten 10674:Sombrero de catite 10447:Scottish highlands 9013:Articles on kimono 8942: 8685:. 7 February 2010. 8438:"The Evolution of 8347:. 28 October 2020. 8297:. 24 January 2010. 7740:Dees, Jan (2009). 7523:www.britannica.com 7454:"Women's Garments" 6889:Japanese Americans 6678:Kusakizome tsumugi 6521:Kimono need to be 6469: 5956: 5942:A geisha's formal 5809: 5679: 5490:typically feature 5393:black short-sleeve 5366: 5170: 5054: 4925: 4861:damask silk. Some 4807: 4703: 4617:-level formality. 4529: 4463: 4201: 3775:hitokoshi chirimen 3731:hitokoshi-chirimen 3601: 3498: 3473: 3471:dyed onto a kimono 3321: 3065: 2990: 2738: 2700: 2460:The entire sleeve. 2192:chest-single-layer 2148: 1996: 1983: 1641: 1523: 1435: 1427:A child wearing a 1287: 949:Tokugawa shogunate 894: 484:Takamatsuzuka Tomb 121: 109: 10988: 10987: 10752: 10751: 10654:Traje de flamenca 10294: 10293: 9596:Senegalese kaftan 9491: 9490: 9049:Japanese clothing 8938: 8792:Chayatsuji Kimono 8710:Okamura, Mayumi. 8395:978-1-4725-8553-0 8121:. 13 April 2013. 8025:is not copyright) 7843:on 12 August 2013 7831:Miyoshi, Yurika. 7751:978-88-572-0011-8 7690:更新日：2010年11月25日. 7476:"Women's Outfits" 7260:978-1-56836-396-7 6893:Japanese diaspora 6865: 6864: 6772:Hakusan, Ishikawa 6718:Shiozawa, Niigata 6598:Kumejima, Okinawa 6417:Kimono featuring 5979:) (also known as 5932:Susohiki/Hikizuri 4743:(1603–1867), the 4095:The Tale of Genji 3906:and the style of 3892:, are also seen. 3479:A dyed 'shadow' ( 3308: 3307: 2624:The inner collar. 2523:The lower lining. 987:and accessories, 886:Utagawa Kuniyoshi 795:The Tale of Genji 456:Japanese clothing 452: 451: 444: 426: 199: 198: 191: 190: 11062: 11045:Robes and cloaks 11017: 11016: 11015: 11005: 11004: 11003: 10996: 10857:Ceinture fléchée 10573:Ukrainian wreath 10303: 10302: 10082:Formal Chut Thai 10045:Maria Clara gown 9619: 9618: 9518: 9511: 9504: 9495: 9494: 9484: 9475: 9466: 9457: 9448: 9439: 9430: 9410: 9401: 9392: 9372: 9363: 9354: 9345: 9336: 9327: 9318: 9309: 9300: 9291: 9273: 9262: 9253: 9244: 9235: 9226: 9217: 9208: 9199: 9190: 9176: 9167: 9158: 9149: 9140: 9131: 9122: 9113: 9104: 9095: 9086: 9077: 9042: 9035: 9028: 9019: 9018: 8962: 8960: 8949: 8948: 8939: 8929: 8927: 8922: 8909: 8908: 8902: 8893: 8887: 8886: 8879: 8873: 8872: 8865: 8859: 8858: 8856: 8854: 8837: 8831: 8830: 8828: 8826: 8820: 8809: 8803: 8802: 8800: 8798: 8783: 8777: 8776: 8764: 8758: 8757: 8755: 8753: 8737: 8728: 8727: 8725: 8723: 8716:project-japan.jp 8707: 8701: 8700: 8693: 8687: 8686: 8679: 8673: 8672: 8662: 8653: 8647: 8646: 8644: 8642: 8628: 8622: 8620: 8618: 8616: 8599: 8597: 8595: 8580: 8574: 8572: 8570: 8568: 8551: 8549: 8547: 8528: 8519: 8518: 8516: 8514: 8498: 8481: 8480: 8465: 8454: 8453: 8433: 8427: 8426: 8424: 8422: 8406: 8400: 8399: 8381: 8375: 8374: 8372: 8370: 8355: 8349: 8348: 8337: 8328: 8327: 8316: 8299: 8298: 8287: 8278: 8277: 8275: 8273: 8257: 8251: 8250: 8248: 8246: 8232: 8213: 8212: 8197: 8178: 8177: 8167: 8161: 8160: 8158: 8156: 8141: 8135: 8134: 8132: 8130: 8111: 8105: 8104: 8089: 8074: 8073: 8057: 8048: 8047: 8045: 8043: 8032: 8026: 8020: 8010: 8001: 8000: 7986: 7980: 7979: 7977: 7975: 7963:Joseph, Lisa A. 7960: 7954: 7953: 7935: 7929: 7928: 7918: 7912: 7910: 7908: 7906: 7889: 7887: 7885: 7866: 7853: 7852: 7850: 7848: 7828: 7822: 7821: 7809: 7799: 7790: 7789: 7787: 7785: 7762: 7756: 7755: 7737: 7722: 7721: 7715: 7707: 7705: 7703: 7687: 7681: 7680: 7678: 7676: 7667: 7658: 7571: 7565: 7559: 7540: 7534: 7533: 7531: 7529: 7515: 7509: 7508: 7490: 7484: 7483: 7471: 7462: 7461: 7449: 7443: 7427: 7421: 7420: 7419:. 18 March 2000. 7417:Asian Art Museum 7414: 7406: 7400: 7399: 7397: 7395: 7381: 7373: 7367: 7366: 7364: 7362: 7347: 7338: 7337: 7309: 7300: 7299: 7271: 7265: 7264: 7246: 7240: 7238: 7230: 7224: 7223: 7205: 7199: 7198: 7180: 7174: 7173: 7171: 7169: 7158:hirotatsumugi.jp 7150: 7144: 7143: 7141: 7139: 7123: 7117: 7116: 7096: 7057: 7055: 7049: 7043: 7036: 7030: 7028: 7021: 7015: 7005: 7003: 6997: 6996: 6988: 6985: 6982: 6978: 6976: 6970: 6969: 6961: 6958: 6955: 6946: 6931: 6917: 6874:Japanese descent 6868:Outside of Japan 6853: 6847: 6834: 6833: 6827: 6810: 6795: 6794: 6788: 6768: 6767: 6761: 6759:Ushikubi tsumugi 6739: 6738: 6732: 6714: 6713: 6707: 6705:Shiozawa tsumugi 6694: 6687: 6680: 6673: 6671:Itajime kogasuri 6666: 6659: 6657:Benibana tsumugi 6646: 6645: 6639: 6621: 6620: 6614: 6594: 6593: 6587: 6584:Kumejima-tsumugi 6559: 6558: 6555: 6547: 6537: 6517: 6507: 6501: 6495: 6482: 6476: 6454: 6448: 6442: 6436: 6430: 6422: 6412: 6406: 6400: 6399:, "second wing") 6398: 6397: 6391: 6382: 6376: 6370: 6364: 6358: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6346: 6339: 6336: 6333: 6328: 6322: 6316: 6310: 6301: 6295: 6289: 6283: 6274: 6268: 6262: 6256: 6250: 6236: 6228: 6222: 6216: 6208: 6203:, also known as 6202: 6191: 6181: 6157: 6147: 6125: 6115: 6106: 6100: 6094: 6085: 6080:, rendering the 6079: 6073: 6070: 6067: 6064: 6061: 6057: 6051: 6045: 6039: 6033: 6024: 6018: 6010: 5996: 5990: 5984: 5978: 5975: 5972: 5969: 5966: 5962: 5953: 5947: 5934: 5925: 5919: 5913: 5907: 5901: 5891: 5885: 5876: 5870: 5864: 5858: 5851:wedding ceremony 5842: 5840: 5837: 5834: 5831: 5828: 5824: 5823: 5815: 5806: 5800: 5787: 5778: 5772: 5762: 5756: 5750: 5742: 5736: 5733: 5730: 5727: 5724: 5720: 5712: 5702: 5696: 5694: 5693: 5685: 5669: 5656: 5647: 5641: 5635: 5629: 5620: 5614: 5608: 5602: 5596: 5590: 5584: 5578: 5576: 5575: 5567: 5553: 5539: 5533: 5527: 5521: 5513: 5504: 5502: 5501: 5495: 5489: 5481: 5475: 5470:does not exist. 5469: 5463: 5457: 5451: 5445: 5439: 5433: 5424: 5418: 5412: 5406: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5391: 5388: 5385: 5381: 5380: 5372: 5363: 5350: 5341: 5335: 5329: 5323: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5303: 5300: 5297: 5292: 5284: 5275: 5269: 5263: 5257: 5251: 5245: 5239: 5233: 5227: 5221: 5215: 5209: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5195: 5192: 5189: 5185: 5184: 5176: 5167: 5154: 5145: 5139: 5131: 5125: 5119: 5113: 5107: 5099: 5093: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5079: 5076: 5073: 5069: 5068: 5060: 5052: 5040: 5031: 5025: 5017: 5011: 5005: 4999: 4993: 4987: 4981: 4975: 4966: 4960: 4954: 4948: 4942: 4940: 4939: 4931: 4923: 4911: 4902: 4896: 4890: 4884: 4878: 4872: 4866: 4860: 4852: 4846: 4840: 4838: 4835: 4832: 4829: 4826: 4822: 4821: 4813: 4805: 4793: 4784: 4778: 4772: 4766: 4760: 4754: 4738: 4732: 4726: 4720: 4718: 4717: 4709: 4700: 4687: 4678: 4672: 4666: 4658: 4649: 4643: 4635: 4627: 4616: 4610: 4604: 4596: 4588: 4582: 4574: 4568: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4554: 4551: 4548: 4544: 4543: 4535: 4526: 4513: 4488: 4482: 4480: 4479: 4471: 4456: 4454: 4453: 4445: 4424: 4415: 4409: 4403: 4397: 4391: 4386:kimono, where a 4385: 4379: 4373: 4367: 4361: 4355: 4346: 4340: 4334: 4328: 4322: 4314: 4308: 4302: 4296: 4290: 4284: 4278: 4272: 4266: 4260: 4251: 4245: 4238: 4232: 4226: 4220: 4218: 4217: 4209: 4198: 4179: 4170: 4164: 4155: 4149: 4143: 4137: 4131: 4123: 4114: 4106: 4091: 4085: 4077: 4068: 4062: 4056: 4048: 4042: 4036: 4030: 4024: 4017: 4011: 4005: 3996: 3982: 3973: 3966: 3956: 3935: 3929: 3923: 3917: 3911: 3905: 3891: 3885: 3879: 3873: 3867: 3861: 3853: 3847: 3841: 3835: 3829: 3823: 3817: 3795: 3786: 3777: 3771: 3763: 3757: 3745: 3739: 3733: 3727: 3721: 3712: 3705: 3699: 3693: 3673: 3665: 3656: 3650: 3644: 3634: 3619: 3611: 3582: 3576: 3570: 3564: 3555: 3547: 3541: 3534: 3506: 3496: 3490: 3484: 3470: 3452: 3435: 3429: 3423: 3417: 3411: 3389: 3379: 3371: 3352: 3338: 3332: 3303: 3292: 3286: 3276: 3268: 3262: 3256: 3250: 3244: 3233: 3227: 3217: 3211: 3205: 3199: 3193: 3187: 3181: 3175: 3169: 3163: 3157: 3145: 3139: 3129: 3123: 3117: 3111: 3105: 3099: 3097: 3094: 3091: 3088: 3085: 3081: 3080: 3072: 3058: 3046: 3040: 3028: 3018: 2993: 2989: 2978: 2972: 2966: 2960: 2951: 2949: 2944:, as opposed to 2943: 2940: 2937: 2934: 2931: 2926: 2920: 2910: 2904: 2898: 2892: 2881: 2875: 2868: 2862: 2856: 2849: 2840: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2820: 2815: 2809: 2803: 2797: 2791: 2785: 2779: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2762: 2759: 2756: 2751: 2745: 2735: 2729: 2723: 2717: 2711: 2706:Ways of wearing 2697: 2672: 2666: 2657: 2655: 2652: 2649: 2646: 2643: 2639: 2638: 2632: 2620: 2618: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2602: 2601: 2595: 2586: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2569: 2566: 2563: 2559: 2558: 2552: 2540: 2538: 2537: 2531: 2519: 2517: 2516: 2510: 2498: 2496: 2495: 2489: 2477: 2475: 2474: 2468: 2456: 2454: 2453: 2447: 2435: 2433: 2432: 2426: 2414: 2412: 2411: 2405: 2396: 2390: 2384: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2361: 2357: 2356: 2350: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2330: 2327: 2324: 2320: 2319: 2313: 2301: 2299: 2298: 2292: 2280: 2278: 2277: 2271: 2259: 2257: 2256: 2250: 2238: 2236: 2235: 2229: 2216: 2210: 2204: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2179: 2173: 2167: 2161: 2155: 2133: 2123: 2102: 2096: 2086: 2076: 2070: 2060: 2054: 2046: 2040: 2025: 2018: 2006: 1994: 1981: 1962:and upper back. 1961: 1955: 1946: 1940: 1934: 1928: 1922: 1900: 1892: 1881:(bolt) lengths. 1880: 1864: 1858: 1852: 1846: 1840: 1834: 1828: 1822: 1813:Merchants' terms 1808: 1806: 1805: 1799: 1793: 1791: 1790: 1784: 1778: 1776: 1775: 1769: 1763: 1761: 1760: 1754: 1746:meaning 'shop'. 1745: 1743: 1742: 1736: 1730: 1728: 1727: 1721: 1715: 1713: 1712: 1706: 1700: 1691: 1689: 1688: 1682: 1672: 1670: 1669: 1663: 1657: 1655: 1654: 1648: 1638: 1635: 1631: 1621: 1588: 1571: 1560: 1554: 1548: 1542: 1536: 1530: 1520: 1512: 1490: 1484: 1478: 1470: 1464: 1452: 1442: 1437:Both kimono and 1432: 1397: 1382: 1356: 1348: 1337: 1327: 1321: 1310: 1304: 1298: 1284: 1266: 1260: 1254: 1248: 1242: 1236: 1226: 1220: 1214: 1204: 1198: 1186: 1172: 1166: 1154: 1146: 1127: 1125: 1124: 1106: 1100: 1072: 1066: 1054: 1044: 1038: 1028: 1016: 992: 986: 977: 971: 956: 943: 935: 925: 917: 910:merchant classes 883: 859: 856: 852: 844: 838: 830: 820: 814: 806: 792: 784: 776: 770: 760: 746: 740: 734: 720: 714: 708: 702: 693:Muromachi period 690: 687: 684: 681: 678: 674: 655: 653: 652: 646: 635: 629: 623: 612: 610: 604: 603: 596: 553: 514: 495: 481: 469: 447: 440: 436: 433: 427: 425: 384: 360: 352: 338: 330: 318: 306: 304: 301: 298: 295: 292: 288: 287: 281: 271: 260: 248: 232: 230: 227: 224: 221: 218: 214: 213: 187: 186: 170: 169: 164: 163: 139: 123: 122: 86: 77: 70: 62: 52: 36: 11070: 11069: 11065: 11064: 11063: 11061: 11060: 11059: 11025: 11024: 11023: 11013: 11011: 11001: 10999: 10991: 10989: 10984: 10918: 10835: 10748: 10700: 10609: 10509: 10478: 10433:Windsor uniform 10408: 10290: 10155: 9848: 9829:Peshawari pagri 9762: 9660: 9610: 9527: 9522: 9492: 9487: 9413: 9375: 9274: 9265: 9060: 9051: 9046: 8976: 8975: 8964: 8958: 8956: 8953:This audio file 8950: 8943: 8934: 8931: 8925: 8924: 8920: 8917: 8912: 8900: 8894: 8890: 8881: 8880: 8876: 8867: 8866: 8862: 8852: 8850: 8843: 8839: 8838: 8834: 8824: 8822: 8811: 8810: 8806: 8796: 8794: 8784: 8780: 8765: 8761: 8751: 8749: 8738: 8731: 8721: 8719: 8718:. Project Japan 8708: 8704: 8695: 8694: 8690: 8681: 8680: 8676: 8660: 8654: 8650: 8640: 8638: 8632:"Mon and Kamon" 8630: 8629: 8625: 8614: 8612: 8611:on 27 July 2008 8605: 8601: 8593: 8591: 8582: 8581: 8577: 8566: 8564: 8563:on 27 July 2008 8557: 8553: 8545: 8543: 8530: 8529: 8522: 8512: 8510: 8499: 8484: 8467: 8466: 8457: 8434: 8430: 8420: 8418: 8407: 8403: 8396: 8382: 8378: 8368: 8366: 8357: 8356: 8352: 8339: 8338: 8331: 8324:cafe-kimono.com 8318: 8317: 8302: 8295:The Kimono Lady 8289: 8288: 8281: 8271: 8269: 8258: 8254: 8244: 8242: 8234: 8233: 8216: 8199: 8198: 8181: 8168: 8164: 8154: 8152: 8143: 8142: 8138: 8128: 8126: 8113: 8112: 8108: 8091: 8090: 8077: 8058: 8051: 8041: 8039: 8034: 8033: 8029: 8011: 8004: 7987: 7983: 7973: 7971: 7961: 7957: 7950: 7936: 7932: 7920: 7919: 7915: 7904: 7902: 7901:on 27 July 2008 7895: 7891: 7883: 7881: 7868: 7867: 7856: 7846: 7844: 7829: 7825: 7818: 7800: 7793: 7783: 7781: 7763: 7759: 7752: 7738: 7725: 7709: 7708: 7701: 7699: 7698:on 16 June 2008 7688: 7684: 7674: 7672: 7666:(D.Phil thesis) 7665: 7659: 7574: 7566: 7562: 7541: 7537: 7527: 7525: 7517: 7516: 7512: 7505: 7491: 7487: 7472: 7465: 7450: 7446: 7437:Wayback Machine 7428: 7424: 7412: 7408: 7407: 7403: 7393: 7391: 7374: 7370: 7360: 7358: 7348: 7341: 7326: 7310: 7303: 7288: 7272: 7268: 7261: 7247: 7243: 7232: 7231: 7227: 7220: 7206: 7202: 7195: 7187:. Weatherhill. 7181: 7177: 7167: 7165: 7152: 7151: 7147: 7137: 7135: 7124: 7120: 7113: 7097: 7070: 7066: 7061: 7060: 7037: 7033: 7022: 7018: 6989: 6986: 6983: 6980: 6979:, and the noun 6962: 6959: 6956: 6953: 6947: 6943: 6938: 6908: 6870: 6743:Kurume, Fukuoka 6625:Miyako, Okinawa 6540: 6461: 6392: 6348: 6340: 6337: 6334: 6329: 6243: 6139: 6133: 6071: 6068: 6065: 6062: 5976: 5973: 5970: 5967: 5936: 5838: 5835: 5832: 5829: 5816: 5789: 5734: 5731: 5728: 5725: 5703:comes from the 5686: 5658: 5568: 5561: 5555: 5546: 5515: 5496: 5395: 5392: 5389: 5386: 5373: 5352: 5313: 5304: 5301: 5298: 5293: 5286: 5199: 5196: 5193: 5190: 5177: 5156: 5083: 5080: 5077: 5074: 5061: 5042: 4932: 4913: 4836: 4833: 4830: 4827: 4814: 4795: 4710: 4689: 4583:mostly have no 4558: 4555: 4552: 4549: 4536: 4515: 4472: 4446: 4432: 4426: 4335:, often with a 4210: 4187: 4181: 4125: 3998: 3989: 3942: 3898: 3808: 3725:kawari-chirimen 3686: 3593: 3521: 3459: 3442: 3440:Types of kimono 3353:(kimono shop). 3313: 3095: 3093:swinging sleeve 3092: 3089: 3086: 3073: 3019:worn by women. 2991:Sleeve lengths 2985: 2941: 2938: 2935: 2932: 2927: 2830: 2827: 2824: 2821: 2816: 2766: 2763: 2760: 2757: 2752: 2686: 2680: 2658: 2653: 2650: 2647: 2644: 2633: 2621: 2616: 2614:neckband lining 2613: 2610: 2607: 2596: 2578: 2573: 2570: 2567: 2564: 2553: 2541: 2532: 2520: 2511: 2499: 2490: 2478: 2469: 2457: 2448: 2436: 2427: 2415: 2406: 2376: 2371: 2368: 2365: 2362: 2351: 2339: 2334: 2331: 2328: 2325: 2314: 2302: 2293: 2281: 2272: 2260: 2251: 2239: 2230: 2194: 2191: 2188: 2185: 2180: 2174:– are known as 2140: 2031: 2030: 2029: 2028: 2027: 2019: 2011: 2010: 2007: 1968: 1871: 1815: 1800: 1785: 1770: 1755: 1737: 1722: 1707: 1683: 1664: 1649: 1636: 1608: 1596:cherry blossoms 1501: 1453:), and figured 1421: 1415: 1389: 1371: 1273: 1224:montsuki hakama 1215:, divisions of 1134: 1119: 1084: 1083: 1082: 1081: 1078: 1055: 1046: 1029: 1020: 1017: 1004: 999: 906:Genroku culture 872: 867: 866: 865: 864: 861: 857: 831: 822: 807: 798: 797:, 12th century) 761: 688: 685: 682: 679: 647: 640: 598: 589:Imperial Palace 581: 566:In 718 CE, the 531: 526: 525: 524: 521: 515: 506: 496: 487: 470: 458: 448: 437: 431: 428: 385: 383: 373: 361: 350: 302: 299: 296: 293: 282: 228: 225: 222: 219: 205: 145: 98: 97: 96: 95: 94: 87: 79: 78: 53: 45: 44: 37: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 11068: 11058: 11057: 11052: 11047: 11042: 11037: 11022: 11021: 11009: 10986: 10985: 10983: 10982: 10977: 10972: 10967: 10962: 10957: 10952: 10947: 10942: 10937: 10932: 10926: 10924: 10920: 10919: 10917: 10916: 10915: 10914: 10909: 10904: 10899: 10894: 10889: 10881: 10876: 10875: 10874: 10869: 10859: 10854: 10849: 10843: 10841: 10837: 10836: 10834: 10833: 10832: 10831: 10821: 10816: 10811: 10806: 10801: 10796: 10791: 10790: 10789: 10784: 10782:Chilote poncho 10779: 10774: 10766: 10760: 10758: 10754: 10753: 10750: 10749: 10747: 10746: 10745: 10744: 10742:Sverigedräkten 10739: 10734: 10724: 10719: 10714: 10708: 10706: 10702: 10701: 10699: 10698: 10697: 10696: 10691: 10683: 10682: 10681: 10676: 10671: 10666: 10661: 10656: 10648: 10647: 10646: 10644:Breton costume 10638: 10637: 10636: 10631: 10626: 10617: 10615: 10611: 10610: 10608: 10607: 10606: 10605: 10600: 10598:Orenburg shawl 10595: 10590: 10585: 10577: 10576: 10575: 10570: 10565: 10560: 10555: 10550: 10545: 10535: 10534: 10533: 10523: 10517: 10515: 10511: 10510: 10508: 10507: 10502: 10497: 10492: 10486: 10484: 10480: 10479: 10477: 10476: 10471: 10470: 10469: 10464: 10459: 10457:Feather bonnet 10454: 10444: 10439: 10438: 10437: 10436: 10435: 10425: 10416: 10414: 10410: 10409: 10407: 10406: 10405: 10404: 10394: 10389: 10384: 10383: 10382: 10377: 10372: 10362: 10357: 10352: 10347: 10346: 10345: 10340: 10335: 10330: 10325: 10320: 10309: 10307: 10300: 10296: 10295: 10292: 10291: 10289: 10288: 10287: 10286: 10276: 10271: 10266: 10261: 10256: 10251: 10246: 10241: 10240: 10239: 10234: 10229: 10224: 10219: 10214: 10204: 10199: 10194: 10189: 10184: 10179: 10174: 10169: 10163: 10161: 10157: 10156: 10154: 10153: 10152: 10151: 10146: 10141: 10136: 10126: 10121: 10120: 10119: 10114: 10109: 10104: 10099: 10094: 10089: 10084: 10079: 10074: 10069: 10059: 10058: 10057: 10052: 10047: 10042: 10037: 10032: 10027: 10025:Barong tagalog 10017: 10016: 10015: 10010: 10005: 10000: 9995: 9985: 9984: 9983: 9978: 9973: 9963: 9962: 9961: 9956: 9951: 9946: 9941: 9936: 9931: 9926: 9921: 9916: 9911: 9901: 9900: 9899: 9894: 9889: 9884: 9874: 9873: 9872: 9867: 9856: 9854: 9850: 9849: 9847: 9846: 9841: 9839:Shalwar kameez 9836: 9831: 9826: 9821: 9816: 9811: 9806: 9801: 9796: 9791: 9786: 9785: 9784: 9779: 9770: 9768: 9764: 9763: 9761: 9760: 9759: 9758: 9753: 9748: 9743: 9738: 9733: 9728: 9718: 9717: 9716: 9711: 9706: 9696: 9695: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9679: 9668: 9666: 9662: 9661: 9659: 9658: 9653: 9648: 9643: 9638: 9637: 9636: 9625: 9623: 9616: 9612: 9611: 9609: 9608: 9603: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9583: 9578: 9573: 9568: 9563: 9558: 9553: 9548: 9543: 9537: 9535: 9529: 9528: 9521: 9520: 9513: 9506: 9498: 9489: 9488: 9486: 9485: 9476: 9467: 9458: 9449: 9440: 9431: 9421: 9419: 9415: 9414: 9412: 9411: 9402: 9393: 9383: 9381: 9377: 9376: 9374: 9373: 9364: 9355: 9346: 9337: 9328: 9319: 9310: 9301: 9292: 9282: 9280: 9276: 9275: 9268: 9266: 9264: 9263: 9254: 9245: 9236: 9227: 9218: 9209: 9200: 9191: 9182: 9177: 9168: 9159: 9150: 9141: 9132: 9123: 9114: 9105: 9096: 9087: 9078: 9068: 9066: 9062: 9061: 9056: 9053: 9052: 9045: 9044: 9037: 9030: 9022: 9016: 9015: 9010: 9005: 9000: 8989: 8988: 8980: 8979: 8965: 8951: 8944: 8932: 8919: 8918: 8916: 8915:External links 8913: 8911: 8910: 8888: 8874: 8860: 8832: 8804: 8778: 8759: 8729: 8702: 8688: 8674: 8648: 8623: 8575: 8520: 8507:Manga de Japan 8482: 8455: 8428: 8401: 8394: 8376: 8365:. 25 June 2023 8350: 8329: 8300: 8279: 8252: 8214: 8179: 8162: 8136: 8106: 8093:"Komon kimono" 8075: 8072:on 9 May 2014. 8049: 8027: 8002: 7981: 7955: 7948: 7930: 7924:. Shogakukan. 7913: 7854: 7823: 7817:978-0099286387 7816: 7791: 7757: 7750: 7723: 7692:"戦時衣生活簡素化実施要綱" 7682: 7572: 7560: 7550:(1988), p. 1. 7535: 7510: 7504:978-0198725220 7503: 7485: 7480:Sengoku Daimyo 7463: 7458:Sengoku Daimyo 7444: 7422: 7401: 7368: 7339: 7324: 7301: 7286: 7266: 7259: 7241: 7225: 7219:978-0525245742 7218: 7200: 7193: 7175: 7164:on 4 July 2020 7145: 7132:japan-talk.com 7126:Spacey, John. 7118: 7111: 7065: 7062: 7059: 7058: 7031: 7016: 6940: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6933: 6932: 6923: 6918: 6907: 6904: 6869: 6866: 6863: 6862: 6860: 6845:Ōshima Tsumugi 6840: 6835: 6828: 6824:Ōshima-tsumugi 6818: 6817: 6815: 6813: 6801: 6796: 6789: 6779: 6778: 6776: 6774: 6769: 6762: 6754: 6753: 6751: 6745: 6740: 6733: 6725: 6724: 6722: 6720: 6715: 6708: 6700: 6699: 6697: 6696: 6695: 6688: 6681: 6674: 6667: 6660: 6650: 6647: 6640: 6632: 6631: 6629: 6627: 6622: 6615: 6605: 6604: 6602: 6600: 6595: 6588: 6578: 6577: 6576:Example image 6574: 6571: 6568: 6563: 6539: 6531: 6499:kazari jitsuke 6460: 6457: 6317:dressed up as 6242: 6239: 6135:Main article: 6132: 6129: 5974:trailing skirt 5935: 5928: 5788: 5781: 5657: 5650: 5557:Main article: 5554: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5514: 5507: 5493:kazari jitsuke 5351: 5344: 5285: 5278: 5155: 5148: 5041: 5034: 4912: 4905: 4794: 4787: 4721:are a type of 4688: 4681: 4514: 4507: 4459:Ōshima-tsumugi 4428:Main article: 4425: 4418: 4183:Main article: 4180: 4173: 4124: 4117: 3997: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3941: 3938: 3897: 3894: 3807: 3804: 3685: 3682: 3592: 3589: 3520: 3517: 3458: 3455: 3441: 3438: 3336:kanoko shibori 3312: 3309: 3306: 3305: 3296: 3293: 3279: 3278: 3238: 3235: 3220: 3219: 3150: 3147: 3132: 3131: 3066: 3049: 3048: 3033: 3030: 3021: 3020: 3010: 3008: 3007:Men's sleeves 3004: 3003: 3000: 2999:Sleeve length 2997: 2984: 2981: 2682:Main article: 2679: 2676: 2675: 2674: 2659: 2627: 2625: 2622: 2590: 2588: 2579: 2547: 2545: 2542: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2505: 2503: 2500: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2463: 2461: 2458: 2442: 2440: 2437: 2421: 2419: 2416: 2400: 2398: 2377: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2308: 2306: 2305:The hem guard. 2303: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2266: 2264: 2261: 2245: 2243: 2240: 2224: 2139: 2136: 2108:seam allowance 2020: 2013: 2012: 2008: 2001: 2000: 1999: 1998: 1997: 1967: 1964: 1870: 1867: 1814: 1811: 1607: 1604: 1500: 1497: 1417:Main article: 1414: 1411: 1388: 1385: 1370: 1367: 1272: 1269: 1133: 1130: 1080: 1079: 1059:Horiai Setsuko 1056: 1049: 1047: 1030: 1023: 1021: 1018: 1011: 1008: 1007: 1006: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 871: 868: 863: 862: 832: 825: 823: 808: 801: 799: 762: 755: 752: 751: 750: 749: 723:Sengoku period 580: 577: 556:Shōsōin Temple 530: 527: 523: 522: 516: 509: 507: 497: 490: 488: 486:, 7th century) 471: 464: 461: 460: 459: 454:Main article: 450: 449: 364: 362: 355: 349: 346: 197: 196: 193: 192: 189: 188: 181: 175: 174: 173:Transcriptions 166: 165: 158: 152: 151: 147: 146: 140: 132: 131: 128: 127: 88: 81: 80: 54: 47: 46: 38: 31: 30: 29: 28: 27: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11067: 11056: 11053: 11051: 11050:Folk costumes 11048: 11046: 11043: 11041: 11038: 11036: 11033: 11032: 11030: 11020: 11010: 11008: 10998: 10997: 10994: 10981: 10978: 10976: 10973: 10971: 10968: 10966: 10963: 10961: 10958: 10956: 10953: 10951: 10948: 10946: 10943: 10941: 10938: 10936: 10935:Feather cloak 10933: 10931: 10928: 10927: 10925: 10921: 10913: 10910: 10908: 10905: 10903: 10900: 10898: 10895: 10893: 10890: 10888: 10885: 10884: 10882: 10880: 10877: 10873: 10870: 10868: 10865: 10864: 10863: 10860: 10858: 10855: 10853: 10850: 10848: 10845: 10844: 10842: 10840:North America 10838: 10830: 10827: 10826: 10825: 10822: 10820: 10817: 10815: 10812: 10810: 10807: 10805: 10802: 10800: 10797: 10795: 10792: 10788: 10785: 10783: 10780: 10778: 10775: 10773: 10770: 10769: 10767: 10765: 10762: 10761: 10759: 10757:South America 10755: 10743: 10740: 10738: 10735: 10733: 10730: 10729: 10728: 10725: 10723: 10720: 10718: 10715: 10713: 10710: 10709: 10707: 10703: 10695: 10692: 10690: 10687: 10686: 10684: 10680: 10677: 10675: 10672: 10670: 10667: 10665: 10662: 10660: 10657: 10655: 10652: 10651: 10649: 10645: 10642: 10641: 10639: 10635: 10632: 10630: 10627: 10625: 10622: 10621: 10619: 10618: 10616: 10612: 10604: 10601: 10599: 10596: 10594: 10591: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10580: 10578: 10574: 10571: 10569: 10566: 10564: 10561: 10559: 10556: 10554: 10551: 10549: 10546: 10544: 10541: 10540: 10539: 10536: 10532: 10529: 10528: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10519: 10518: 10516: 10512: 10506: 10503: 10501: 10498: 10496: 10493: 10491: 10488: 10487: 10485: 10481: 10475: 10472: 10468: 10465: 10463: 10460: 10458: 10455: 10453: 10450: 10449: 10448: 10445: 10443: 10440: 10434: 10431: 10430: 10429: 10426: 10424: 10421: 10420: 10418: 10417: 10415: 10413:British Isles 10411: 10403: 10400: 10399: 10398: 10395: 10393: 10390: 10388: 10385: 10381: 10378: 10376: 10373: 10371: 10368: 10367: 10366: 10363: 10361: 10358: 10356: 10353: 10351: 10348: 10344: 10341: 10339: 10336: 10334: 10331: 10329: 10326: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10316: 10315: 10314: 10311: 10310: 10308: 10304: 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9483: 9482: 9477: 9474: 9473: 9468: 9465: 9464: 9459: 9456: 9455: 9450: 9447: 9446: 9441: 9438: 9437: 9432: 9429: 9428: 9423: 9422: 9420: 9416: 9409: 9408: 9403: 9400: 9399: 9394: 9391: 9390: 9385: 9384: 9382: 9378: 9371: 9370: 9365: 9362: 9361: 9356: 9353: 9352: 9347: 9344: 9343: 9338: 9335: 9334: 9329: 9326: 9325: 9320: 9317: 9316: 9311: 9308: 9307: 9302: 9299: 9298: 9293: 9290: 9289: 9284: 9283: 9281: 9277: 9272: 9261: 9260: 9255: 9252: 9251: 9246: 9243: 9242: 9237: 9234: 9233: 9228: 9225: 9224: 9219: 9216: 9215: 9210: 9207: 9206: 9201: 9198: 9197: 9192: 9189: 9188: 9183: 9181: 9178: 9175: 9174: 9169: 9166: 9165: 9160: 9157: 9156: 9151: 9148: 9147: 9142: 9139: 9138: 9133: 9130: 9129: 9124: 9121: 9120: 9115: 9112: 9111: 9106: 9103: 9102: 9097: 9094: 9093: 9088: 9085: 9084: 9079: 9076: 9075: 9070: 9069: 9067: 9063: 9059: 9054: 9050: 9043: 9038: 9036: 9031: 9029: 9024: 9023: 9020: 9014: 9011: 9009: 9006: 9004: 9001: 8999: 8996: 8995: 8994: 8993: 8987: 8986: 8985: 8984: 8978: 8977: 8973: 8969: 8954: 8906: 8899: 8892: 8884: 8878: 8870: 8869:"Kogei Japan" 8864: 8848: 8844: 8836: 8819: 8814: 8808: 8793: 8789: 8782: 8774: 8770: 8763: 8747: 8743: 8736: 8734: 8717: 8713: 8706: 8698: 8692: 8684: 8678: 8670: 8666: 8659: 8652: 8637: 8633: 8627: 8610: 8606: 8589: 8585: 8579: 8562: 8558: 8541: 8537: 8533: 8527: 8525: 8508: 8504: 8497: 8495: 8493: 8491: 8489: 8487: 8479: 8474: 8470: 8464: 8462: 8460: 8451: 8447: 8443: 8441: 8432: 8417:(in Japanese) 8416: 8412: 8405: 8397: 8391: 8387: 8380: 8364: 8363:Jobs in Japan 8360: 8354: 8346: 8342: 8336: 8334: 8325: 8321: 8315: 8313: 8311: 8309: 8307: 8305: 8296: 8292: 8286: 8284: 8267: 8263: 8256: 8241: 8237: 8231: 8229: 8227: 8225: 8223: 8221: 8219: 8211: 8206: 8202: 8196: 8194: 8192: 8190: 8188: 8186: 8184: 8176: 8173: 8166: 8150: 8146: 8140: 8124: 8120: 8116: 8110: 8103: 8098: 8094: 8088: 8086: 8084: 8082: 8080: 8071: 8067: 8063: 8056: 8054: 8037: 8031: 8024: 8018: 8017: 8009: 8007: 7998: 7994: 7993: 7985: 7970: 7966: 7959: 7951: 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7186: 7179: 7163: 7159: 7155: 7149: 7133: 7129: 7122: 7114: 7112:9780099428992 7108: 7104: 7103: 7095: 7093: 7091: 7089: 7087: 7085: 7083: 7081: 7079: 7077: 7075: 7073: 7068: 7054: 7048: 7042: 7035: 7027: 7020: 7013: 7009: 7002: 6995: 6975: 6968: 6951: 6945: 6941: 6930: 6929: 6924: 6922: 6919: 6916: 6915: 6910: 6909: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6894: 6890: 6885: 6883: 6879: 6875: 6861: 6859: 6857: 6852: 6846: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6829: 6826: 6825: 6820: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6808: 6802: 6800: 6799:Yūki, Ibaraki 6797: 6790: 6787: 6786: 6781: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6763: 6760: 6756: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6746: 6744: 6741: 6734: 6731: 6730:Kurume-Gasuri 6727: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6719: 6716: 6709: 6706: 6702: 6701: 6698: 6693: 6689: 6686: 6682: 6679: 6675: 6672: 6668: 6665: 6661: 6658: 6654: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6641: 6638: 6634: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6616: 6613: 6612: 6607: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6589: 6586: 6585: 6580: 6579: 6575: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6561: 6560: 6557: 6554: 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5566: 5560: 5552: 5541: 5538: 5532: 5526: 5520: 5519:Kuro-montsuki 5512: 5511:Kuro-montsuki 5506: 5494: 5488: 5483: 5480: 5474: 5468: 5462: 5456: 5450: 5444: 5438: 5432: 5427: 5423: 5417: 5411: 5405: 5379: 5371: 5362: 5356: 5349: 5343: 5340: 5334: 5328: 5322: 5309: 5291: 5283: 5277: 5274: 5268: 5262: 5256: 5250: 5244: 5238: 5232: 5226: 5220: 5214: 5208: 5183: 5175: 5166: 5160: 5153: 5147: 5144: 5138: 5133: 5130: 5124: 5118: 5112: 5106: 5101: 5098: 5092: 5081:visiting wear 5067: 5059: 5051: 5046: 5039: 5033: 5030: 5024: 5019: 5016: 5010: 5004: 4998: 4992: 4986: 4980: 4974: 4968: 4965: 4959: 4953: 4947: 4938: 4930: 4922: 4917: 4910: 4904: 4901: 4895: 4889: 4883: 4877: 4871: 4865: 4859: 4858: 4851: 4845: 4820: 4812: 4804: 4799: 4792: 4786: 4783: 4777: 4771: 4765: 4759: 4753: 4752: 4746: 4742: 4737: 4731: 4725: 4716: 4708: 4699: 4693: 4686: 4680: 4677: 4671: 4665: 4664: 4657: 4651: 4648: 4642: 4641: 4634: 4629: 4626: 4625: 4618: 4615: 4609: 4603: 4602: 4595: 4594: 4587: 4581: 4576: 4573: 4567: 4556:small pattern 4542: 4534: 4525: 4519: 4512: 4506: 4504: 4500: 4496: 4492: 4487: 4478: 4470: 4469: 4460: 4452: 4444: 4443: 4436: 4431: 4423: 4417: 4414: 4408: 4402: 4396: 4390: 4384: 4378: 4372: 4366: 4360: 4354: 4348: 4345: 4339: 4333: 4327: 4321: 4316: 4313: 4307: 4301: 4295: 4289: 4283: 4277: 4271: 4265: 4259: 4253: 4250: 4244: 4237: 4231: 4225: 4216: 4208: 4207: 4197: 4191: 4186: 4178: 4172: 4169: 4163: 4157: 4154: 4148: 4142: 4136: 4130: 4122: 4116: 4113: 4112: 4105: 4099: 4097: 4096: 4090: 4084: 4083: 4076: 4070: 4067: 4061: 4055: 4050: 4047: 4041: 4035: 4029: 4023: 4016: 4010: 4004: 3995: 3984: 3981: 3975: 3972: 3965: 3958: 3955: 3954: 3946: 3937: 3934: 3928: 3922: 3916: 3910: 3904: 3893: 3890: 3884: 3878: 3872: 3866: 3860: 3859: 3852: 3846: 3840: 3834: 3828: 3822: 3816: 3815: 3803: 3801: 3800: 3794: 3793: 3785: 3779: 3776: 3770: 3769: 3762: 3756: 3755: 3749: 3744: 3738: 3732: 3726: 3720: 3714: 3711: 3707:summer wear. 3704: 3698: 3692: 3681: 3679: 3678: 3672: 3671: 3664: 3658: 3655: 3649: 3643: 3638: 3633: 3632: 3625: 3623: 3618: 3617: 3610: 3609: 3597: 3588: 3585: 3581: 3575: 3569: 3563: 3557: 3554: 3553: 3546: 3540: 3533: 3532: 3526: 3516: 3514: 3508: 3505: 3495: 3489: 3483: 3477: 3469: 3463: 3454: 3451: 3445: 3437: 3434: 3428: 3422: 3416: 3410: 3404: 3402: 3396: 3391: 3388: 3381: 3378: 3373: 3370: 3363: 3358: 3354: 3351: 3344: 3342: 3337: 3331: 3324: 3317: 3302: 3297: 3294: 3291: 3285: 3281: 3280: 3275: 3274: 3267: 3261: 3255: 3249: 3243: 3239: 3236: 3234:("mid-size") 3232: 3226: 3222: 3221: 3216: 3210: 3204: 3198: 3192: 3186: 3180: 3174: 3168: 3162: 3156: 3155:kuro-furisode 3152:Divided into 3151: 3148: 3144: 3140:(also called 3138: 3134: 3133: 3128: 3122: 3116: 3110: 3104: 3079: 3071: 3062: 3057: 3056: 3051: 3050: 3045: 3039: 3034: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3022: 3017: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3005: 3001: 2998: 2995: 2994: 2988: 2983:Sleeve length 2980: 2977: 2971: 2965: 2959: 2953: 2948: 2925: 2919: 2913: 2909: 2903: 2897: 2891: 2884: 2880: 2874: 2867: 2861: 2855: 2848: 2842: 2839: 2828:to drape upon 2814: 2808: 2802: 2796: 2790: 2784: 2778: 2772: 2750: 2744: 2734: 2728: 2722: 2716: 2710: 2704: 2696: 2690: 2685: 2671: 2665: 2660: 2631: 2623: 2594: 2585: 2580: 2551: 2543: 2530: 2522: 2509: 2501: 2488: 2480: 2467: 2459: 2446: 2438: 2425: 2417: 2404: 2395: 2389: 2383: 2378: 2349: 2341: 2312: 2304: 2291: 2283: 2270: 2262: 2249: 2241: 2228: 2222: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2209: 2203: 2178: 2172: 2166: 2160: 2154: 2144: 2135: 2132: 2125: 2122: 2116: 2113: 2109: 2104: 2101: 2095: 2088: 2085: 2084:koshi-nue-age 2080: 2075: 2069: 2062: 2059: 2053: 2052: 2045: 2039: 2038: 2024: 2017: 2005: 1993: 1987: 1980: 1979: 1972: 1963: 1960: 1954: 1948: 1945: 1939: 1933: 1927: 1921: 1914: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1899: 1898: 1891: 1890: 1882: 1879: 1878: 1866: 1863: 1857: 1851: 1845: 1839: 1838:futomono dana 1833: 1827: 1821: 1810: 1798: 1783: 1768: 1753: 1747: 1735: 1720: 1705: 1699: 1693: 1681: 1676: 1662: 1647: 1630: 1625: 1620: 1619: 1612: 1603: 1599: 1597: 1591: 1587: 1582: 1578: 1573: 1570: 1565: 1559: 1553: 1547: 1541: 1535: 1529: 1519: 1518: 1511: 1505: 1499:Kimono motifs 1496: 1492: 1489: 1485:(such as the 1483: 1477: 1476: 1469: 1463: 1462: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1431: 1425: 1420: 1410: 1408: 1404: 1399: 1396: 1384: 1381: 1375: 1366: 1362: 1360: 1355: 1354: 1347: 1346: 1339: 1336: 1329: 1326: 1320: 1319: 1312: 1309: 1303: 1297: 1292: 1283: 1277: 1268: 1265: 1259: 1253: 1247: 1241: 1235: 1234:oyomeiri dōgu 1230: 1225: 1219: 1213: 1206: 1203: 1197: 1196: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1176: 1171: 1165: 1164: 1158: 1153: 1148: 1147:sailor outfit 1145: 1139: 1129: 1117: 1116:Emperor Meiji 1113: 1108: 1105: 1099: 1092: 1090: 1076: 1071: 1065: 1060: 1053: 1048: 1043: 1037: 1036: 1027: 1022: 1015: 1010: 1009: 997:Modern period 994: 991: 985: 979: 976: 970: 964: 962: 961: 955: 950: 945: 942: 941: 934: 929: 924: 923: 916: 911: 907: 903: 899: 891: 887: 882: 876: 851: 850: 843: 837: 829: 824: 819: 813: 805: 800: 796: 791: 790: 783: 782: 775: 769: 768: 759: 754: 753: 748: 745: 739: 733: 728: 724: 719: 715:instead. The 713: 707: 701: 700: 694: 673: 672: 665: 663: 659: 644: 639: 634: 628: 622: 621: 614: 609: 595: 590: 586: 576: 572: 569: 564: 562: 557: 552: 551: 544: 540: 536: 519: 513: 508: 504: 503:Yamato Period 500: 494: 489: 485: 480: 475: 468: 463: 462: 457: 446: 443: 435: 424: 421: 417: 414: 410: 407: 403: 400: 396: 393: – 392: 388: 387:Find sources: 381: 377: 371: 370: 365:This section 363: 359: 354: 353: 345: 342: 337: 336: 329: 328: 322: 317: 316: 308: 280: 275: 270: 269: 262: 259: 258: 252: 247: 246: 240: 236: 226:thing to wear 212: 204: 194: 182: 180: 176: 171: 167: 159: 157: 153: 150:Japanese name 148: 144: 138: 133: 129: 124: 118: 113: 107: 102: 92: 85: 76: 75: 69: 68: 61: 60: 51: 42: 35: 26: 22: 10912:Quechquemitl 10862:Western wear 10737:Bäckadräkten 10705:Scandinavian 10669:Cordovan hat 10620:Netherlands 10227:Tallit katan 10144:Áo giao lĩnh 10072:Chong kraben 9708: 9369:Tsunokakushi 9179: 8990: 8981: 8904: 8891: 8877: 8863: 8851:. Retrieved 8835: 8823:. Retrieved 8818:the original 8807: 8795:. Retrieved 8791: 8781: 8775:(in German). 8772: 8762: 8750:. Retrieved 8745: 8720:. Retrieved 8715: 8705: 8691: 8677: 8664: 8651: 8639:. Retrieved 8636:wafuku.co.uk 8635: 8626: 8613:. Retrieved 8609:the original 8592:. Retrieved 8578: 8565:. Retrieved 8561:the original 8544:. Retrieved 8535: 8511:. Retrieved 8506: 8476: 8472: 8445: 8439: 8431: 8419:. Retrieved 8414: 8404: 8385: 8379: 8367:. Retrieved 8362: 8353: 8344: 8323: 8294: 8270:. Retrieved 8265: 8255: 8243:. Retrieved 8239: 8208: 8204: 8175: 8171: 8165: 8153:. Retrieved 8148: 8139: 8127:. Retrieved 8118: 8109: 8100: 8096: 8070:the original 8065: 8040:. Retrieved 8030: 8023:the fulltext 8015: 7996: 7991: 7984: 7972:. Retrieved 7968: 7958: 7939: 7933: 7925: 7921: 7916: 7903:. Retrieved 7899:the original 7882:. Retrieved 7873: 7845:. Retrieved 7841:the original 7836: 7826: 7805: 7782:. Retrieved 7771:The Guardian 7770: 7760: 7741: 7700:. Retrieved 7696:the original 7685: 7673:. Retrieved 7563: 7543: 7538: 7526:. Retrieved 7522: 7513: 7494: 7488: 7479: 7457: 7447: 7425: 7416: 7404: 7392:. Retrieved 7390:(2): 112–123 7387: 7383: 7371: 7359:. Retrieved 7355: 7314: 7276: 7269: 7250: 7244: 7234: 7228: 7209: 7203: 7184: 7178: 7166:. Retrieved 7162:the original 7157: 7148: 7136:. Retrieved 7134:. Japan Talk 7131: 7121: 7101: 7034: 7019: 7011: 7007: 6949: 6944: 6901: 6886: 6871: 6842: 6838:Amami Ōshima 6807:Yūki-tsumugi 6803: 6785:Yūki-tsumugi 6692:Yokosogasuri 6541: 6520: 6510: 6505:kurotomesode 6493:shitsuke ito 6485: 6470: 6416: 6385: 6304: 6277: 6244: 6233:seijin no hi 6194: 6169: 6165: 6161: 6140: 6119: 6109: 6088: 6028: 6013: 5997:, actors in 5957: 5951:kurotomesode 5879: 5810: 5804:tsunokakushi 5766: 5745: 5732:small sleeve 5680: 5623: 5562: 5531:kurotomesode 5516: 5487:Kurotomesode 5484: 5473:Kurotomesode 5467:kurotomesode 5461:Kurotomesode 5449:kurotomesode 5443:kurotomesode 5431:Kurotomesode 5428: 5410:kurotomesode 5370:Kurotomesode 5367: 5361:kurotomesode 5348:Kurotomesode 5321:Iro-montsuki 5290:Iro-montsuki 5287: 5282:Iro-montsuki 5261:kurotomesode 5231:kurotomesode 5219:kurotomesode 5207:kurotomesode 5171: 5134: 5102: 5055: 5020: 4969: 4926: 4834:solid colour 4808: 4704: 4652: 4630: 4619: 4577: 4530: 4464: 4349: 4317: 4267:(half-width 4254: 4202: 4158: 4126: 4111:beni itajime 4100: 4093: 4071: 4051: 3999: 3976: 3959: 3947: 3943: 3899: 3809: 3797: 3780: 3748:rainy season 3715: 3687: 3675: 3659: 3626: 3602: 3586: 3558: 3522: 3509: 3499: 3468:hinata kamon 3446: 3443: 3405: 3397: 3393: 3383: 3374: 3365: 3360: 3355: 3345: 3325: 3322: 3290:hon-furisode 3273:seijin shiki 3269:are worn to 3266:Tyu-furisode 3248:tyu-furisode 3242:Tyu-furisode 3231:chu-furisode 3225:Tyu-furisode 3167:kurotomesode 3161:iro-furisode 3146:) ("short") 2986: 2954: 2914: 2885: 2843: 2773: 2764:small sleeve 2739: 2670:ushiromigoro 2667:" and "left 2664:ushiromigoro 2630:Ushiromigoro 2403:Miyatsukuchi 2391:" and "left 2219: 2214:ushiromigoro 2149: 2126: 2117: 2105: 2089: 2074:kata-nue-age 2063: 2032: 2023:Kata-nue-age 1966:Construction 1949: 1915: 1883: 1872: 1816: 1748: 1694: 1642: 1624:tea ceremony 1600: 1592: 1574: 1524: 1493: 1436: 1400: 1390: 1376: 1372: 1363: 1358: 1340: 1330: 1313: 1305:and crooked 1291:World War II 1288: 1207: 1202:heiyō-gasuri 1138:army uniform 1135: 1112:Meiji period 1109: 1093: 1085: 980: 965: 959: 946: 895: 889: 686:small sleeve 666: 615: 608:kokufū-bunka 585:Heian period 582: 573: 567: 565: 539:Kofun period 532: 438: 429: 419: 412: 405: 398: 386: 374:Please help 369:verification 366: 309: 263: 253:sandals and 202: 200: 179:Romanization 141:'Kimono' in 117:Fukuoka City 25: 10930:Grass skirt 10804:Liqui liqui 10777:Chilote cap 10694:Coppola cap 10588:Kosovorotka 10553:Kozhushanka 10160:Middle East 10097:Raj pattern 10087:Pha khao ma 10030:Baro't saya 10020:Philippines 9998:Baju Melayu 9993:Baju Kurung 9870:Gaung baung 9629:Afghanistan 9576:Kente cloth 9065:Traditional 8773:Tim no Tabi 6664:Heiyōgasuri 6652:Including: 6611:Miyako Jofu 6527:dry cleaned 6427:Fuji Musume 6150:Ainu people 6086:invisible. 5710:uchikake-ru 5674:, from the 5455:irotomesode 5404:irotomesode 5358:A pre-WWII 5327:irotomesode 5267:Irotomesode 5249:Irotomesode 5225:irotomesode 5213:Irotomesode 5174:Irotomesode 5165:irotomesode 5152:Irotomesode 4264:hanhaba obi 4159:Unlike the 3854:are called 3839:hitotsu mon 3827:itsutsu mon 3754:Echigo-jofu 3737:komayori ro 3677:Musa basjoo 3591:Fabric type 3209:ko-furisode 3203:ko-furisode 3191:Ko-furisode 3179:ko-furisode 3173:irotomesode 3143:nisyakusode 3137:Ko-furisode 2939:wide collar 2813:uchikake-ru 2571:over-collar 2508:Susomawashi 2284:The collar. 2094:shigoki obi 2055:jacket and 1832:gofuku dana 1675:State of Wu 1637: 1800 1353:Seijinshiki 1110:During the 940:tsujigahana 896:During the 858: 1650 641: [ 583:During the 561:Han dynasty 518:Nara-period 432:August 2020 91:other views 11029:Categories 10814:Panama hat 10568:Vyshyvanka 10526:Azerbaijan 10495:Lederhosen 10360:Fustanella 10149:Áo tứ thân 10035:Buntal hat 9882:Chong Kben 9692:Tangzhuang 8968:Audio help 8959:2009-02-19 8752:20 October 8641:20 October 8469:"Tomosode" 8236:"Furisode" 7837:kimono5.jp 7675:24 January 7442:for school 7430:平安時代の貴族の服装 7394:29 October 7361:16 October 7168:27 January 7138:27 January 7064:References 5894:bridal wig 5636:and black 5311:-decorated 5252:with five 4741:Edo period 4505:patterns. 4326:nagoya obi 3637:leno weave 3301:ō-furisode 3284:Ō-furisode 3260:ō-furisode 3254:ō-furisode 2369:front body 1614:Patchwork 1447:(known as 1359:de rigueur 1181:movement. 1067:. Women's 1057:Family of 898:Edo period 402:newspapers 274:the season 10799:Guayabera 10664:Cachirulo 10659:Barretina 10583:Kokoshnik 10563:Sharovary 10531:Kelaghayi 10387:Macedonia 10350:Aromanian 10264:Palestine 10117:Tabengman 10077:Chut Thai 10050:Patadyong 10013:Tengkolok 9909:Baju bodo 9904:Indonesia 9853:Southeast 9704:Hachimaki 9677:Cheongsam 9601:Tagelmust 9566:Jellabiya 9436:Jika-tabi 9297:Hachimaki 9155:Jūnihitoe 8615:26 August 8594:26 August 8567:26 August 8546:26 August 8149:iz2.or.jp 8042:13 August 8036:"男のきもの大全" 7905:26 August 7779:0261-3077 6948:The term 6914:Jūnihitoe 6851:Sharinbai 6649:Yamagata 6570:Location 6523:aired out 6480:arai hari 6474:toki arai 6326:nagajuban 6299:hadajuban 6293:hadajuban 6287:hadajuban 5923:shiromuku 5917:shiromuku 5911:shiromuku 5883:shiromuku 5868:shiromuku 5813:Shiromuku 5798:shiromuku 5785:Shiromuku 5129:tsukesage 5117:tsukesage 5097:tsukesage 5091:tsukesage 5023:Tsukesage 5009:tsukesage 4997:tsukesage 4994:; often, 4985:tsukesage 4973:tsukesage 4952:tsukesage 4929:Tsukesage 4921:Tsukesage 4909:Tsukesage 4864:edo komon 4773:with one 4770:edo komon 4758:Edo komon 4751:kamishimo 4730:edo komon 4707:Edo komon 4698:edo komon 4685:Edo komon 4663:Edo komon 4614:tsukesage 4491:silk noil 4438:Detailed 4389:nagajuban 4365:nagajuban 4359:hadajuban 4168:hadajuban 4162:nagajuban 4153:hadajuban 4147:nagajuban 4141:Hadajuban 4135:nagajuban 4129:Hadajuban 4121:Hadajuban 4009:nagajuban 3961:realm of 3833:mitsu mon 3799:koromogae 3545:suso-moyo 3457:Formality 3387:kakoikomi 2947:bachi-eri 2715:koshimaki 2651:back body 2487:Sodetsuke 2466:Sodeguchi 2394:maemigoro 2388:maemigoro 2348:Maemigoro 2208:maemigoro 2121:arai-hari 2112:selvedges 2068:hitotsumi 1932:furoshiki 1767:momenfuku 1704:gofukuten 1695:The term 1517:nadeshiko 1507:A modern 1229:trousseau 1123:東京婦人子供服組合 767:jūnihitoe 620:jūnihitoe 10970:Taʻovala 10950:Lavalava 10907:Sombrero 10887:Huarache 10867:Bolo tie 10787:Chupalla 10772:Chamanto 10679:Mantilla 10634:Oorijzer 10543:Kobeniak 10419:Britain 10380:Himation 10343:Xhubleta 10338:Xhamadan 10249:Keffiyeh 10232:Tefillin 10134:Áo bà ba 10112:Suea pat 10092:Pha nung 10062:Thailand 9988:Malaysia 9976:Suea pat 9971:Xout lao 9919:Blangkon 9877:Cambodia 9844:Sherwani 9814:Pakistan 9756:Manggeon 9687:Mao suit 9561:Head tie 9556:Djellaba 9418:Footwear 9315:Kanzashi 9279:Headgear 9092:Furisode 9083:Fundoshi 8970: · 8847:Archived 8722:5 August 8669:Archived 8588:Archived 8540:Archived 8513:2 August 8450:Archived 8123:Archived 7940:きもの自分流入門 7878:Archived 7712:cite web 7433:Archived 7334:33947597 7296:33947597 7047:ohashori 7041:hikizuri 6906:See also 6878:Curitiba 6552:meibutsu 6241:Layering 6220:furisode 6152:and the 6123:susohiki 6113:susohiki 6098:susohiki 6092:susohiki 6083:ohashori 6069:red silk 6049:ohashori 6043:susohiki 6037:ohashori 6031:Susohiki 6022:susohiki 6016:Susohiki 6008:susohiki 5988:Susohiki 5982:hikizuri 5960:Susohiki 5945:susohiki 5899:kanzashi 5874:uchikake 5862:uchikake 5856:uchikake 5845:Japanese 5770:uchikake 5760:uchikake 5748:Uchikake 5740:uchikake 5705:Japanese 5700:uchikake 5683:Uchikake 5667:uchikake 5654:Uchikake 5630:, black 5585:kimono, 5522:("black 4736:kozakura 4493:, short- 4306:heko obi 4300:heko obi 4294:kaku obi 4276:heko obi 4028:ohashori 3980:furisode 3971:furisode 3964:furisode 3953:furisode 3877:nakakage 3858:montsuki 3719:usu-mono 3539:furisode 3450:gofukuya 3401:Nishijin 3377:Gofukuya 3369:gofukuya 3350:gofukuya 3215:furisode 3127:furisode 3121:Furisode 3115:furisode 3103:furisode 3070:Furisode 3055:Furisode 3047:kimono. 3044:tomesode 3026:Tomesode 2976:ohashori 2970:hikizuri 2964:susohiki 2924:hiro-eri 2902:ohashori 2896:ohashori 2807:uchikake 2789:hoso-obi 2727:uchikake 2332:dangling 2211:and the 2177:dō-bitoe 2100:ohashori 2077:) and a 1889:boroboro 1862:gofukuya 1850:futomono 1826:futomono 1752:futomono 1719:gofukuya 1629:chabaori 1577:seasonal 1488:maru obi 1457:weaves ( 1450:chirimen 1430:furisode 1413:Textiles 1345:furisode 1302:ohashori 1246:ohashori 1218:tomesode 1179:Art Deco 933:nerinuki 821:beneath. 597:culture" 482:skirt. ( 474:Goguryeo 391:"Kimono" 300:dressing 59:rakugoka 11035:Dresses 11019:Fashion 10993:Portals 10945:Lap-lap 10923:Oceania 10883:Mexico 10819:Pollera 10809:Lliklla 10722:Iceland 10640:France 10629:Kraplap 10614:Western 10603:Sarafan 10579:Russia 10558:Ochipok 10548:Kozhukh 10538:Ukraine 10521:Armenia 10514:Eastern 10483:Central 10467:Sporran 10442:Ireland 10423:Country 10392:Romania 10375:Chlamys 10355:Croatia 10333:Qeleshe 10269:Pandama 10254:Kurdish 10237:Tzitzit 10217:Sheitel 10187:Boshiya 10177:Assyria 10129:Vietnam 10055:Salakot 10008:Songkok 10003:Songket 9949:Songkok 9944:Songket 9794:Dupatta 9773:Bhutan 9751:Jokduri 9746:Hwagwan 9731:Daenggi 9726:Cheopji 9656:Paranja 9651:Malahai 9622:Central 9606:Wrapper 9551:Dashiki 9463:Uwabaki 9398:Uwa-obi 9351:Tenugui 9342:Shaguma 9306:Kanmuri 9241:Sokutai 9232:Shitagi 9196:Mawashi 9164:Keikogi 9074:Chihaya 8957: ( 8928:minutes 8853:8 April 8369:25 June 8272:13 June 8245:31 July 8201:"Juban" 8155:13 June 7974:10 June 7833:"季節の着物" 7702:22 July 7026:iromuji 6928:Sokutai 6515:tatōshi 6488:basting 6380:han'eri 6374:han'eri 6335: 6260:shitagi 6206:pokkuri 6148:of the 6104:hōmongi 6063: 5968: 5889:katsura 5830: 5767:Bridal 5726: 5645:obijime 5633:obijime 5387: 5305:colour 5299: 5191: 5143:hōmongi 5137:Hōmongi 5123:hōmongi 5111:hōmongi 5105:Hōmongi 5075: 5058:Hōmongi 5050:Hōmongi 5038:Hōmongi 5015:hōmongi 5003:hōmongi 4991:hōmongi 4979:hōmongi 4964:hōmongi 4958:hōmongi 4946:hōmongi 4900:iromuji 4888:Shibori 4876:Iromuji 4870:iromuji 4850:iromuji 4844:iromuji 4828: 4811:Iromuji 4803:Iromuji 4791:Iromuji 4764:iromuji 4745:samurai 4676:iromuji 4640:tsumugi 4601:shibori 4550: 4499:Tsumugi 4486:Tsumugi 4468:Tsumugi 4430:Tsumugi 4422:Tsumugi 4273:) or a 4082:tanmono 3903:obijime 3889:nui mon 3848:) with 3792:tsumugi 3663:tsumugi 3622:habutai 3608:tsumugi 3515:class. 3513:samurai 3330:bashofu 3182:with a 3087: 2933: 2918:tanmono 2822: 2758: 2733:katsugi 2724:in the 2645: 2608: 2565: 2550:Tomoeri 2363: 2326: 2248:Hakkake 2186: 2171:hakkake 2044:tanmono 2037:tanmono 1992:tanmono 1978:tanmono 1953:kataire 1897:Sashiko 1877:tanmono 1865:today. 1782:asafuku 1569:ryōzuma 1564:couched 1475:tanmono 1419:Tanmono 1335:kitsuke 1296:kitsuke 1282:kitsuke 1264:kitsuke 1258:kitsuke 1240:kitsuke 1212:hōmongi 1089:mauvine 984:tanmono 954:shibori 902:Genroku 680: 627:chun ju 563:China. 550:shibori 416:scholar 348:History 335:rikishi 294: 279:kitsuke 268:tanmono 261:socks. 220: 10980:Tupenu 10955:Kiekie 10940:I-sala 10902:Serape 10897:Rebozo 10879:Huipil 10852:Tignon 10824:Poncho 10794:Chullo 10768:Chile 10764:Aguayo 10727:Sweden 10689:Ciocia 10685:Italy 10650:Spain 10624:Poffer 10505:Tracht 10500:Poland 10490:Dirndl 10452:Aboyne 10402:Kosovo 10397:Serbia 10370:Chiton 10328:Opinga 10323:Çorape 10306:Balkan 10299:Europe 10284:Hejazi 10279:Turban 10244:Jilbāb 10222:Tallit 10212:Kippah 10207:Jewish 10197:Chador 10139:Áo dài 10124:Tudong 10067:Banong 10040:Malong 9954:Tanjak 9939:Kupiah 9934:Kemben 9929:Kebaya 9892:Sompot 9865:Longyi 9819:Pathin 9741:Hanbok 9709:Kimono 9641:Chapan 9586:Litham 9546:Boubou 9541:Balgha 9533:Africa 9472:Waraji 9407:Tasuki 9333:Raikan 9288:Benkan 9259:Yukata 9214:Nemaki 9187:Kyahan 9180:Kimono 9173:Kosode 9137:Jinbei 9110:Hakama 9101:Hanten 8825:14 May 8797:14 May 8501:Mimi. 8421:14 May 8392: 8129:3 July 7946: 7884:2 July 7847:2 July 7814: 7806:Geisha 7784:2 July 7777: 7748: 7554: 7528:4 June 7501: 7332: 7322: 7294: 7284: 7257: 7216: 7191: 7109: 7012:kimono 7008:kimono 6950:kimono 6882:Paraná 6856:kasuri 6749:kasuri 6637:Oitama 6573:Notes 6545:sanchi 6535:Sanchi 6452:hiyoku 6449:. The 6446:hiyoku 6420:hiyoku 6410:hiyoku 6404:hiyoku 6389:hiyoku 6314:yukata 6308:yukata 6281:hadagi 6272:o-tsui 6254:o-tsui 6248:dōnuki 6172:geisha 6155:ryusou 5999:kabuki 5865:, the 5848:Shinto 5717:kosode 5672:cranes 5639:obiage 5618:hakama 5594:Mofuku 5582:Mofuku 5565:Mofuku 5551:Mofuku 5537:hakama 5437:hiyoku 5339:hakama 5333:hakama 4894:obiage 4767:, and 4647:jinken 4624:kasuri 4503:Kasuri 4495:staple 4461:Kimono 4457:on an 4442:kasuri 4401:yukata 4377:yukata 4371:Yukata 4353:yukata 4344:yukata 4332:yukata 4320:Yukata 4312:yukata 4288:yukata 4258:yukata 4243:yukata 4236:yukata 4230:yukata 4224:Yukata 4206:Yukata 4196:yukata 4185:Yukata 4177:Yukata 4165:, the 4150:; the 4072:Men's 4046:yukata 3927:hakama 3909:obiage 3871:hinata 3845:hakama 3806:Crests 3734:) and 3703:yukata 3670:kasuri 3616:meisen 3531:kasuri 3525:indigo 3362:again. 3197:hakama 3109:yukata 3038:yukata 2899:. 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