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enfranchizing churches everywhere." Another
Armenian historian, the monk "Hayton", in his Flor des extoires d'Orient, states in addition that Mongka gave his visitor an assurance that a great Mongol army under his brother, Hulagu khan, would attack Baghdad; destroy the caliphate, their "mortal enemy"; and restore the Holy Land to the Christians.
20:
497:
Kirakos provides a detailed description of the fall of
Baghdad in his History of the Armenians, started in 1241 and completed in 1265. Chapter eleven along with the subsequent ones are devoted to describing the events of his own day; they are considered the most important part of his work due to the
140:
invasion of the 1230s, Kirakos and his mentor were captured by Mongol forces in the spring of 1236. As captives, however, he and
Vanakan managed to serve as secretaries for the Mongols. This was factually slavery. During this time, Kirakos learned the Mongolian language and he later compiled his
309:
Mongka gave a warm welcome to this faithful vassal and handed him a yarligh of diploma of investiture and protection, "a diploma", says the
Armenian chronicle of Kirakos, "bearing his seal and explicitly forbidding any action against the person or states of Hethum. He also gave him a charter
498:
details that they contain. His source was the
Armenian Prince Prosh Khaghbakian, a participant and eyewitness of the conquest. Kirakos notes in his History that this Armenian lord told him directly about the events surrounding the invasion of Baghdad.
141:
knowledge of it into a list of 55 words with their corresponding
Armenian meanings. A ransom was paid to free Vanakan in the summer of that year but Kirakos also managed to escape the same night and returned to the town of Getik.
183:, and is devoted largely to the history of the Armenian church from the third century to the twelfth century. The second part focuses on the ramifications and physical damage inflicted against the people of the region by the
292:
Later
Armenian chroniclers, such as Samuel of Ani and Mekhitar of Airavanq, writing at the end of the twelfth century, and Kirakos Gandzaketsi and Vartan the Great, in the thirteenth century, treat only briefly of the First
329:
Kirakos is one of the most important
Armenian historians of the 13th century. He was born in the region of Ganja and received his early formation at the monastic school of Nor Getik under the eminent savant Vanakan
578:
175:, a generic title for Armenian histories). He began to write the book on May 19, 1241 and completed it in 1265. Divided into two parts, the first part of his history begins with the life of
144:
Following
Vanakan's death in 1251, Kirakos assumed his former teacher's duties and became the head of the school in New Getik. In 1255, he was granted an audience with the leader of the
125:, a scholar and native from his native Gandzak. In 1215, Kirakos along with his classmates and their teacher Vanakan moved to study at the school of Khoranashat monastery in
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327:. Kirakos Ganjakec'i or Arewelc'i // Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History / Edited by David Thomas & Alex Mallet. — BRILL, 2012. —vol. IV. — p. 438: "
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57:, a summary of events from the 4th to the 12th century and a detailed description of the events of his own days. The work concentrates primarily on the history of
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The
Palgrave Handbook of Global Slavery Throughout History. (2023). Tyskland: Springer International Publishing. 160
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Neggaz, Nassima (October 2020). "The Many Deaths of the Last 'Abbāsid Caliph al-Musta'ṣim bi-llāh (d. 1258)".
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307:. The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia. — Rutgers University Press, 1970. — P. 282. "
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and it was only later that they relocated to a one-room building). He was the pupil of Vanakan
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survived and can be found in numerous repositories located around the world including the
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The Heritage of Armenian Literature: From the Eighteenth Century to Modern Times, vol. 3
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He remained in New Getik for several more years; he died in 1271 and was buried there.
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290:. A History of the Crusades. — Cambridge University Press, 1987. — Vol. I. — P. 335. "
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Kirakos completed several works in his lifetime; however, his most prominent work is
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Bayarsaikhan, Dashdondog (2019). "Kirakos Gandzakets'i, as a Mongol Prisoner".
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469:. Robert Bedrosian’s Homepage. New York, 1986. Accessed March 7, 2008.
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Hacikyan, Agop Jack; Basmajian, Gabriel; Franchuk, Edward S. (2005).
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Kirakos Ganjakets'i's History of the Armenians: Translator's Preface
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Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance
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Zgusta, Ladislav, Franz J. Hausmann and Oskar Reichmann (eds.).
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invasions and even contains the first recorded word list of the
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129:. The school was founded by Hovhannes Vanakan - a student of
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in the region of Kayen (classes were originally taught in a
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69:. The work serves as a primary source for the study of the
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and Mongol invasions, including the torture and death of
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English translation of the History of the Armenians
156:), informing him of missionary work in the region.
206:Approximately 47 facsimiles of the 65 chapters of
97:Kirakos was born in the region of Gandzak (around
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540:An English translation of Kirakos Gandzaketsi's
105:) in or around 1200. He attended the school of
23:The opening page of a 1664 manuscript copy of
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362:An International Encyclopedia of Lexicography
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364:. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1991, p. 2368.
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195:. He made a detailed account of the
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552:mirror if main site is unavailable
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274:. vol. v. Yerevan, Armenian SSR:
113:) in 1209-1212 in the village of
1789:13th-century Armenian historians
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16:13th-century Armenian historian
1799:Writers from Ganja, Azerbaijan
1231:Ara the Beautiful and Shamiram
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152:, in the town of Vardenis (in
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441:. London: Routledge. p.
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199:(1258) by the Mongols, using
276:Armenian Academy of Sciences
272:Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia
61:and events occurring in the
46:; c. 1200/1202–1271) was an
7:
146:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
10:
1820:
1794:Historians of the Caucasus
1714:Yeremia Chelebi Keomurjian
1449:Hovhannes Draskhanakerttsi
1258:
1107:Petros di Sargis Gilanents
1061:Yeremia Chelebi Keomurjian
754:Hovhannes Draskhanakerttsi
695:Narratio de rebus Armeniae
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590:historians and chroniclers
179:, the patron saint of the
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493:10.1017/S1356186320000267
181:Armenian Apostolic Church
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542:History of the Armenians
433:Lane, George E. (2003).
201:Prince Prosh Khaghbakian
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177:Gregory the Illuminator
92:
1494:Nerses IV the Gracious
388:Wayne State University
32:
1479:Aristakes Lastivertsi
1459:Movses Kaghankatvatsi
1071:Grigor dpir Varagetsi
805:Aristakes Lastivertsi
779:Mesrop Vayotsdzoretsi
764:Movses Kaghankatvatsi
22:
1754:Shahamir Shahamirian
1674:XVII—XVIII centuries
1651:Grigoris Aghtamartsi
1569:Khachatur Kecharetsi
1559:Kostandin Yerznkatsi
1539:Mekhitar of Ayrivank
1524:Sempad the Constable
1454:Ukhtanes of Sebastia
1372:David the Invincible
1344:Faustus of Byzantium
1236:Artashes and Satenik
877:Mekhitar of Ayrivank
872:Sempad the Constable
759:Ukhtanes of Sebastia
618:Faustus of Byzantium
544:by Robert Bedrosian.
346:Encyclopædia Iranica
1804:13th-century slaves
1739:Esai Hasan-Jalalian
1729:Khachatur Erzrumtsi
1534:Hovhannes Erznkatsi
1484:Hovhannes Imastaser
1194:Armenian literature
1142:Avetik Baghdasarian
1132:Khachatur Jughaetsi
1102:Esai Hasan-Jalalian
1011:Grigor Daranaghetsi
980:Hovhanes Arjishetsi
959:Martiros Yerznkatsi
658:Abraham Mamikoneits
465:Bedrosian, Robert.
412:Armenian Literature
267:«Կիրակոս Գանձակեցի»
36:Kirakos Gandzaketsi
1641:Arakel Baghishetsi
1631:Hovanes Tlkurantsi
1519:Kirakos of Gandzak
1147:Abraham Yerevantsi
1127:Tovmas Khojamalian
1086:Stepanos Dashtetsi
1081:Vardan Baghishetsi
1076:Gabriel Tokhatetsi
1031:Hovhanes Kamenatsi
1026:Khachgruz Kafaetsi
995:Hovanisik Tsaretsi
975:Barsegh Arjishetsi
949:Abraham Ankyuratsi
897:Stepanos Episkopos
867:Kirakos of Gandzak
862:Hovhanes Avagerets
208:History of Armenia
173:Patmutʻiwn Hayotsʻ
169:History of Armenia
75:Mongolian language
55:History of Armenia
33:
25:History of Armenia
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1765:
1762:
1761:
1744:Simeon Yerevantsi
1664:
1663:
1636:Thomas of Metsoph
1586:
1585:
1579:Terter Yerevantsi
1554:Hayton of Corycus
1504:Nerses of Lambron
1489:Matthew of Edessa
1425:
1424:
1402:Stepanos Syunetsi
1397:John III of Odzun
1382:Komitas Aghtsetsi
1367:
1366:
1349:Movses Khorenatsi
1297:
1296:
1249:
1248:
1160:
1159:
1122:Simeon Yerevantsi
1036:David Baghishetsi
990:Andreas Evdokatsi
934:Thomas of Metsoph
918:Nerses Palianents
882:Hayton of Corycus
821:Matthew of Edessa
774:Aharon Vanandetsi
684:Anania Shirakatsi
623:Movses Khorenatsi
588:Medieval Armenian
44:Կիրակոս Գանձակեցի
1811:
1724:Naghash Hovnatan
1719:Zakaria Sarkavag
1709:Zakaria Aguletsi
1704:Stepanos Lehatsi
1699:Arakel of Tabriz
1670:
1669:
1621:Grigor Khlatetsi
1611:Gregory of Tatev
1596:XV—XVI centuries
1592:
1591:
1564:Gregory of Akner
1549:Gevorg Skevratsi
1544:Stephen Orbelian
1514:Vardan Areveltsi
1474:Grigor Magistros
1469:Stepanos Asoghik
1464:Gregory of Narek
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1359:Hovhan Mandakuni
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1117:Abraham Kretatsi
1051:Zakaria Aguletsi
1046:Zakaria Sarkavag
1021:Arakel of Tabriz
985:Simeon Aparantsi
902:Stephen Orbelian
887:Gregory of Akner
857:Vardan Areveltsi
800:Hakob Sanahnetsi
795:Stepanos Asoghik
733:Shapuh Bagratuni
689:Anastas Vardapet
653:Atanas Taronatsi
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1616:Mateos Jugaetsi
1606:John of Vorotan
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1435:X—XIV centuries
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1354:Ghazar Parpetsi
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939:Kirakos Banaser
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507:Further reading
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1477:
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1467:
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1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1432:
1428:
1418:
1417:Khosrovidukht
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
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1360:
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1334:Eznik of Kolb
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
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1315:
1311:
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1300:
1290:
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1234:
1232:
1229:
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1203:
1199:
1195:
1188:
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1165:
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1128:
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1118:
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1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1056:Minas Amdetsi
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
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1009:
1008:
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996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
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978:
976:
973:
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966:
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950:
947:
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942:
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937:
935:
932:
931:
929:
925:
919:
916:
915:
913:
909:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
892:Vahram Rabuni
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
854:
852:
848:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
831:Samuel Anetsi
829:
827:
826:Grigor Yerets
824:
822:
819:
818:
816:
812:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
792:
790:
786:
780:
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772:
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760:
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750:
747:
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734:
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724:
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672:
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669:
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650:
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629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
600:
598:
594:
589:
582:
577:
575:
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563:
562:
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553:
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539:
538:
528:
524:
520:
516:
511:
510:
499:
494:
490:
486:
482:
475:
468:
462:
454:
452:0-415-29750-8
448:
444:
439:
438:
429:
420:
413:
407:
399:
397:0-8143-3221-8
393:
389:
385:
378:
371:
370:3-11-012421-1
367:
363:
357:
351:
350:Peter Jackson
347:
343:
338:
331:
326:
325:S. Peter Cowe
321:
319:
311:
306:
305:René Grousset
301:
294:
289:
284:
277:
273:
269:
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261:
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108:
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90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
49:
41:
37:
30:
26:
21:
1779:1200s births
1499:Mkhitar Gosh
1329:Agathangelos
1216:Hayk and Bel
1095:18th century
1066:Hakob Hisusi
1004:17th century
968:16th century
927:15th century
911:14th century
850:13th century
836:Mkhitar Gosh
814:12th century
788:11th century
742:10th century
693:
608:Agathangelos
551:
518:
514:
496:
484:
480:
474:
461:
436:
428:
419:
411:
406:
383:
377:
361:
356:
337:
328:
308:
300:
291:
283:
265:
207:
205:
172:
168:
166:
158:
143:
135:
131:Mkhitar Gosh
96:
54:
35:
34:
27:by Kirikos (
24:
1784:1271 deaths
1226:Tork Angegh
726:9th century
705:8th century
667:7th century
646:6th century
596:5th century
386:. Detroit:
212:Matenadaran
189:Hasan-Jalal
29:Matenadaran
1773:Categories
1749:Sayat-Nova
1412:Sahakdukht
1317:Golden age
944:Sebastatsi
769:Zenob Glak
487:(4): 600.
242:References
154:Aragatsotn
103:Azerbaijan
414:, p. 493.
330:Vardapet.
136:With the
111:Goshavank
107:New Getik
67:Near East
51:historian
1339:Yeghishe
1269:Sharakan
613:Yeghishe
293:Crusade.
123:Vardapet
63:Caucasus
48:Armenian
40:Armenian
31:MS 2561)
1407:Ghevond
1289:Horovel
220:Armenia
216:Yerevan
193:Khachen
150:Hetum I
115:Tandzut
87:Russian
1377:Sebeos
1324:Koryun
1284:Antuni
1279:Hayren
1259:Genres
1221:Vahagn
712:Łewond
674:Sebeos
603:Koryun
449:
394:
368:
234:, and
228:London
224:Vienna
185:Turkic
138:Mongol
127:Tavush
83:French
71:Mongol
342:Abaqa
232:Paris
163:Works
99:Ganja
79:Latin
1529:Frik
1274:Tagh
447:ISBN
392:ISBN
366:ISBN
119:cave
93:Life
85:and
65:and
523:doi
489:doi
214:in
133:.
1775::
550:-
519:22
517:.
495:.
485:30
483:.
445:.
443:12
348:.
344:—
317:^
270:.
249:^
238:.
230:,
226:,
218:,
148:,
89:.
81:,
42::
1186:e
1179:t
1172:v
580:e
573:t
566:v
529:.
525::
491::
455:.
400:.
372:.
332:"
312:"
295:"
171:(
38:(
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