173:
Babbitt and others at
Kirkland vigorously disputed this, there was a perception among some at Hamilton that Kirkland was a second-class or less rigorous school. For example, while Hamilton students could register for any Kirkland class, Kirkland students, at first, could not take Hamilton classes without permission from the Hamilton professor teaching the class in question, who would review the student's record. "Many administrators, faculty, and students at Hamilton believed that theirs was the superior institution and dealt with their counterparts at Kirkland as if they were subordinates." Kirkland was perceived by some as favoring "easy" and "feminine" subjects such as performing arts and social sciences, The SAT scores of Kirkland students were lower than those of Hamilton students, although Kirkland students did as well if not better than Hamilton men in the Hamilton courses they took.
169:
than grades in their courses. There were no academic departments. Students did not have set "majors"; rather, each student worked out a program of study. In contrast with
Hamilton, most Kirkland professors taught their classes in a highly interactive mode, engaging students in a dialogue, without lectures. A key tenet of the college was that students would be actively engaged in running the institution: at Kirkland, the students participated equally in governing the college. Moreover, at Kirkland, a number of professors lived on campus and participated actively in the lives of students. Kirkland was innovative, experimenting with an approach to undergraduate education that was in distinct contrast to that of Hamilton.
197:
tenure was not transferred; tenured
Kirkland faculty had to pass a tenure review to transfer to Hamilton. Most did, but discontent with the way the merger was executed festered long after 1978, coloring alumnae relations, inter-faculty relations and, to some degree, campus social dynamics. Despite such friction, many of the educational principles of Kirkland (such as student-designed majors and independent study) found their way into the Hamilton curriculum. Efforts on the part of both Kirkland and Hamilton alumni to acknowledge common interests have begun to mend these breaches by responding to the curiosity and interests of current Hamilton students regarding Kirkland and its influence on their college.
177:
Planning a large endowment fundraising effort ("The
Campaign for the Second Decade") Kirkland turned to Hamilton for an operating funds guarantee. In 1977, finding that Kirkland was unlikely to become economically self-sufficient, Hamilton refused such assistance, and the two colleges were merged over much student protest into a single, coeducational Hamilton in 1978. The process has been described as a "hostile takeover"; at the end the relationship between the two colleges was "adversarial", the mood on the two campuses at times "near riot". "To say there was anger around campus at that time is to considerably understate the depth of feelings at play."
126:
34:
168:
Kirkland was charted by the
University of the State of New York in 1965 and opened in 1968 on its own campus, adjacent to Hamilton College. The Kirkland faculty and students operated in a more diverse and transparent community than had been the norm at Hamilton. Students received evaluations rather
217:
The
Kirkland Archives, including the papers of President Babbitt, are housed in the Burke Library at Hamilton College. In 2007 a display case, containing a rotating exhibit of items from the Archives, was installed in the lobby of McEwen Hall, near an iconic sculpture, the "rock swing" that dates
184:â provides an in-depth, first-person account of Kirkland's brief existence. In addition to personal records and recollection, Babbitt was able to employ archival materials housed in the Hamilton College and Columbia University libraries. He described the merger of Kirkland and Hamilton as "messy."
187:
Despite its dissolution, Kirkland
College, through faculty who remained to teach at Hamilton, and through the active influence of its graduates and former trustees, has had a profound influence on Hamilton, which became coeducational, and broadened its offerings, with far less opposition than it
176:
Meantime, the economic climate, which had been very positive during the planning stages for
Kirkland, began to deteriorate. As a result, the debt service accruing to build Kirkland's entirely new campus exerted a tremendous burden on its finances. Construction costs in one year increased by 10%.
172:
Kirkland was defined by its innovative spirit; Hamilton by its fidelity to tradition. Although the new college got off to an exciting start, the many differences in educational and community functioning inevitably led to small and large conflicts between the two institutions. Although
President
208:
Upon the dissolution of
Kirkland, its endowment was transferred to the Hamilton endowment, with existing restrictions intact, with the understanding that all funds were to be applied "to support women and their needs and interests at Hamilton." One on-going Hamilton program that received early
196:
When Kirkland was officially incorporated into and absorbed by Hamilton College in 1978, Hamilton became coed. All Kirkland students were able to continue at the new Hamilton, and most did, but not so faculty. While all Kirkland faculty were offered short-term appointments at Hamilton, Kirkland
221:
The central motif of the Kirkland College seal was an apple tree, and green apples remain a symbol of Kirkland among its alumnae and supporters to this day. During commencement exercises at Hamilton many students and faculty choose to wear a green apple pin on their academic robes to honor
161:, who came on as a member of the first Board of Trustees, and second, the mandate to "make a fresh attack on introducing major fields of learning" without being constrained by the more traditional patterns at Hamilton â a mandate embraced by Kirkland's first and only president,
237:
The Kirkland Project is named in honor of Kirkland College, building on Kirkland's twin legacies of women's education and innovative pedagogy, expanding on them to meet the global challenges that face contemporary male and female students, faculty and staff.
153:. Though the "cluster" vision was never achieved, two factors led to a more innovative and experimental nature at Kirkland: first, the introduction of progressive views of undergraduate education on the part of
233:
In the mid-1990s, a group of Hamilton faculty initiated a project with the intention of working "toward establishing a research center like the Bunting Institute at Harvard and the Pembroke Center at Brown."
1745:
336:
1418:
1224:
1459:
109:(and for whom, some felt, Hamilton should have been named). It was not successful financially, so Hamilton absorbed Kirkland on June 30, 1978, has maintained its archives and
1775:
1770:
947:
475:
1765:
1338:
1267:
920:
300:
162:
1750:
200:
The college's art and music departments are located on the Kirkland side of the campus, which has more modern architecture than the original Hamilton.
138:
748:
165:. The untimely passing of Hamilton President McEwen, also a member of the first Kirkland Board, deprived Kirkland of its chief champion at Hamilton.
1333:
417:
320:
M. Ellen Mitchell, class of 1975, is Professor of Psychology and was Director/Dean for 18 years at Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago
938:
691:
1760:
1466:
1115:
361:
149:. Kirkland College, a college for women, was envisioned as the first of several institutions which would form a cluster similar to the
129:
The Kirner-Johnson building was built in 1968 as the main building of Kirkland College, and was renovated by Hamilton College in 2009.
1260:
590:
535:
86:
1354:
1064:
952:
Limited Engagement: Kirkland College 1965-1978: An Intimate History of the Rise & Fall of a Coordinate College for Women
480:
Limited Engagement: Kirkland College 1965-1978: An Intimate History of the Rise & Fall of a Coordinate College for Women
1780:
1755:
1547:
1253:
182:
Limited Engagement: Kirkland College 1965-1978, An Intimate History of the Rise and Fall of a Coordinate College for Women
1433:
1155:
377:
Old Greek. An Old-time Professor in an Old-Fashioned College. A Memoir of Edward North, with Selections from his Lectures
824:
799:
1510:
225:
The Hamilton College Bookstore sells various Kirkland merchandise, typically available on campus during June reunions.
1696:
990:
963:
782:
648:
573:
491:
222:
Kirkland's legacy. Many graduating seniors also place green apples on the podium prior to receiving their diplomas.
180:
A study and consideration in the form of an 'intimate history' by Samuel Fisher Babbitt, Kirkland's only president â
1290:
1276:
90:
1650:
1614:
1234:
289:
1525:
1108:
209:
support from the Kirkland Endowment is HAVOC (Hamilton Association for Volunteering, Outreach and Charity).)
1655:
752:
1714:
1645:
1573:
1328:
1124:
982:
640:
609:
800:"HAVOC - Hamilton Association for Volunteering, Outreach, and Charity (HAVOC) - Home - Hamilton College"
1624:
1578:
1056:
933:
686:
380:
884:
19:
This article is about the defunct liberal arts women's college in New York State. For other uses, see
1599:
1452:
1359:
1101:
20:
1660:
1423:
1171:
272:
154:
1494:
1369:
1312:
1295:
1229:
1145:
433:
the Kirner-Johnson Building, was originally constructed as the main building of Kirkland College
1202:
1195:
125:
445:
1428:
904:
1563:
1542:
1489:
83:
507:
8:
1719:
1300:
110:
1041:
863:
825:"Hamilton College Official Bookstore | Textbooks, Rentals, Sweatshirts, Tees, Hats"
1307:
1023:
729:
540:
150:
1006:
986:
959:
778:
712:
644:
569:
487:
101:, at that time all male, and its campus was adjacent to Hamilton's. It was named for
1629:
1619:
1604:
1520:
1475:
1374:
1364:
1245:
1140:
1019:
1015:
921:"The original light side vs. dark side: the legacy of the Kirkland-Hamilton merger"
725:
721:
565:
264:
247:
146:
106:
98:
94:
1051:
395:
1583:
1568:
974:
632:
314:
296:
268:
158:
142:
102:
1537:
1532:
323:
1739:
1676:
1402:
1079:
1066:
803:
134:
1724:
1686:
1681:
1515:
307:
276:
975:"Coeducation after a Decade of Coordination. The Case of Hamilton College"
749:"Kirkland College - The Committee for Kirkland College - Hamilton College"
633:"Coeducation after a Decade of Coordination. The Case of Hamilton College"
1691:
1027:
1001:
733:
707:
303:, and wrote her first works while raising their children in Clinton, NY.
33:
446:"Columbia Center for Oral History | Columbia University Libraries"
261:
Joanne Rappaport is Professor of Anthropology at Georgetown University.
251:
1188:
979:
Going Coed: Women's Experiences in Formerly Men's Colleges, 1950â2000
637:
Going Coed: Women's Experiences in Formerly Men's Colleges, 1950â2000
313:
Patricia Goldsmith is Vice President of Institutional Advancement at
282:
1444:
1093:
1419:
Alexander Hamilton Institute for the Study of Western Civilization
1225:
Alexander Hamilton Institute for the Study of Western Civilization
562:
On The Hill. A Bicentennial History of Hamilton College, 1812â2012
250:, a member of the Kirkland College charter class of 1972, was the
1384:
1208:
1042:
The Kirkland Project for the Study of Gender, Society and Culture
955:
483:
114:
337:
List of current and historical women's universities and colleges
38:
This sign for Kirkland College was retained by Hamilton College
418:"Renovation of 1968 Hamilton College Building Earns LEED Gold"
1746:
Defunct private universities and colleges in New York (state)
663:
The Kirkland Alumnae Newsletter, vol. III, number 4, May 1977
326:
writer, editor and translator who taught at Kirkland College.
1046:
672:
The Kirkland Alumnae Newsletter, Vol.IV, number 2, Aug 1978
310:
was a member of the 1972 charter class at Kirkland College.
285:, cartoonist for The New Yorker, attended Kirkland College.
255:
137:
through the influence of then-Hamilton College president
773:
Cittadino, Faye; Cittadino, Frank (September 7, 2023).
977:. In Miller-Bernal, Leslie; Poulson, Susan L. (eds.).
912:
635:. In Miller-Bernal, Leslie; Poulson, Susan L. (eds.).
919:
Piccoli, Sydney; Pomerantz, Rebecca (February 2024).
105:, who founded the Hamilton-Oneida Academy, origin of
1776:
Universities and colleges in Oneida County, New York
1275:
267:, a former Kirkland faculty member, is president of
97:, from 1965 to 1978. It was a female counterpart to
777:. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia. p. 74.
536:"A Women's College Resists The Campus Merger Trend"
772:
133:Planning for Kirkland began during the 1962-1963
1737:
918:
288:Donna O. Kerner, is chairman of Anthropology at
16:Women's college in Clinton, New York (1965â1978)
1771:Educational institutions disestablished in 1978
1002:"Kirkland and Hamilton: Does Father Know Best?"
708:"Kirkland and Hamilton: Does Father Know Best?"
885:"Chatham president treasures friend's example"
299:taught at Kirkland. She was married to Pres.
241:
1460:
1261:
1109:
972:
746:
630:
610:"Kirkland Mattered: A Brief Personal Account"
393:
212:
191:
1766:Educational institutions established in 1968
396:"Kirkland College - Home - Hamilton College"
591:"Women Grads Bemoan Closing of 'Alma mater"
1467:
1453:
1268:
1254:
1116:
1102:
797:
588:
555:
553:
551:
145:, the founder of Hamilton. Hamilton was a
32:
1751:Liberal arts colleges in New York (state)
1052:Kirkland Alumnae site at Hamilton College
766:
626:
624:
622:
470:
468:
466:
464:
462:
415:
607:
559:
529:
527:
355:
124:
946:
931:
684:
548:
474:
228:
1738:
942:. (Review article of Babbitt's book.).
853:The Kirkland Project News, Spring 2003
847:
844:The Kirkland Project News, Vol.1, no.1
838:
680:
678:
619:
533:
459:
416:Biemiller, Lawrence (5 January 2010).
1448:
1249:
1097:
999:
705:
524:
508:"Kirkland College - Kirkland Alumnae"
374:
1548:Steuben Memorial State Historic Site
1474:
1123:
1434:Ruth and Elmer Wellin Museum of Art
1156:Ruth and Elmer Wellin Museum of Art
913:Further reading (most recent first)
675:
387:
13:
1511:Old Erie Canal State Historic Park
14:
1792:
1761:Embedded educational institutions
1339:Clinton Village Historic District
1035:
751:. My.hamilton.edu. Archived from
1277:Clinton, Oneida County, New York
932:Sundman, John (March 12, 2008).
775:Clinton and the Town of Kirkland
685:Sundman, John (March 12, 2008).
589:Schwendler, Tom (May 26, 1981).
1651:Mid-State Correctional Facility
1615:Mohawk Valley Community College
1235:List of Hamilton College people
898:
877:
856:
817:
791:
740:
699:
666:
657:
601:
582:
534:Brozan, Nadine (July 1, 1977).
290:Wheaton College (Massachusetts)
1020:10.1080/00091383.1978.10569433
973:Miller-Bernal, Leslie (2004).
887:. Post-gazette.com. 2003-02-16
802:. Hamilton.edu. Archived from
726:10.1080/00091383.1978.10569433
631:Miller-Bernal, Leslie (2004).
500:
438:
409:
368:
349:
1:
1057:Kirkland Interactive Archives
422:Chronicle of Higher Education
356:Williams, Richard L. (2002).
342:
218:from Kirkland's early years.
188:would have before Kirkland.
1656:Mohawk Correctional Facility
747:Sharon Rippey (2001-08-15).
394:Sharon Rippey (2001-08-15).
203:
7:
1781:Clinton (village), New York
1756:Hamilton College (New York)
1715:Turning Stone Resort Casino
1646:Marcy Correctional Facility
1574:Oneida Nation of the Thames
983:Vanderbilt University Press
641:Vanderbilt University Press
608:Skerritt, Susan E. (2007).
381:McClure, Phillips & Co.
330:
242:Notable alumnae and faculty
10:
1797:
1625:SUNY Polytechnic Institute
1579:Oneida Nation of Wisconsin
1334:Clinton Historical Society
934:"Kirkland College Requiem"
687:"Kirkland College Requiem"
560:Isserman, Maurice (2011).
362:Clinton Historical Society
213:Memorabilia and traditions
192:Legacy at Hamilton College
120:
18:
1707:
1669:
1638:
1600:Clinton Liberal Institute
1592:
1556:
1503:
1482:
1411:
1395:
1360:Clinton Liberal Institute
1347:
1321:
1283:
1217:
1180:
1164:
1133:
798:Emily Chan (2001-08-15).
615:. Kirkland College Files.
59:
51:
43:
31:
21:Kirkland (disambiguation)
1661:Utica Psychiatric Center
1424:Emerson Literary Society
1172:Emerson Literary Society
1080:43.048472°N 75.4094583°W
1000:Baker, Liva (May 1978).
981:. Nashville, Tennessee:
866:. Academics.hamilton.edu
706:Baker, Liva (May 1978).
639:. Nashville, Tennessee:
375:North, S. N. D. (1905).
155:Millicent Carey McIntosh
1495:Oneida Castle, New York
1230:College Hill (New York)
1146:Hamilton College Chapel
595:Syracuse Herald Journal
47:Private Women's College
1203:Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 78
1196:Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 74
1085:43.048472; -75.4094583
948:Babbitt, Samuel Fisher
827:. Hamilton.bkstore.com
476:Babbitt, Samuel Fisher
157:, former President of
130:
1697:Congregational Church
1429:Kirkland Town Library
1412:Cultural institutions
564:. Clinton, New York:
128:
82:was a small, private
1564:Oneida Indian Nation
1543:Oneida Stirpiculture
1490:Burned-over district
985:. pp. 245â257.
643:. pp. 245â257.
229:The Kirkland Project
141:. It was named for
1720:Utica-Rome Speedway
1355:Clinton High School
1076: /
358:Kirkland since 1827
113:, and supports its
111:financial endowment
28:
1639:State institutions
864:"Kirkland Project"
541:The New York Times
295:Children's author
151:Claremont Colleges
131:
26:
1733:
1732:
1442:
1441:
1243:
1242:
306:Broadway actress
301:Samuel F. Babbitt
163:Samuel F. Babbitt
77:
76:
1788:
1630:Utica University
1620:Oneida Institute
1610:Kirkland College
1605:Hamilton College
1593:Higher education
1521:Oneida Community
1476:Oneida, New York
1469:
1462:
1455:
1446:
1445:
1380:Kirkland College
1375:Elihu Root House
1365:Hamilton College
1270:
1263:
1256:
1247:
1246:
1151:Kirkland College
1141:Elihu Root House
1127:
1126:Hamilton College
1118:
1111:
1104:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1047:Hamilton College
1031:
996:
969:
943:
928:
906:
902:
896:
895:
893:
892:
881:
875:
874:
872:
871:
860:
854:
851:
845:
842:
836:
835:
833:
832:
821:
815:
814:
812:
811:
795:
789:
788:
770:
764:
763:
761:
760:
744:
738:
737:
703:
697:
696:
682:
673:
670:
664:
661:
655:
654:
628:
617:
616:
614:
605:
599:
598:
586:
580:
579:
566:Hamilton College
557:
546:
545:
531:
522:
521:
519:
518:
512:Hamilton College
504:
498:
497:
472:
457:
456:
454:
453:
442:
436:
435:
430:
428:
413:
407:
406:
404:
403:
391:
385:
384:
372:
366:
365:
353:
265:Esther Barazzone
248:Christie Vilsack
139:Robert W. McEwen
107:Hamilton College
99:Hamilton College
80:Kirkland College
36:
29:
27:Kirkland College
25:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1729:
1703:
1665:
1634:
1588:
1569:Oneida language
1552:
1499:
1478:
1473:
1443:
1438:
1407:
1391:
1343:
1317:
1279:
1274:
1244:
1239:
1213:
1176:
1160:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1038:
993:
966:
915:
910:
909:
903:
899:
890:
888:
883:
882:
878:
869:
867:
862:
861:
857:
852:
848:
843:
839:
830:
828:
823:
822:
818:
809:
807:
796:
792:
785:
771:
767:
758:
756:
745:
741:
704:
700:
683:
676:
671:
667:
662:
658:
651:
629:
620:
612:
606:
602:
587:
583:
576:
558:
549:
532:
525:
516:
514:
506:
505:
501:
494:
473:
460:
451:
449:
444:
443:
439:
426:
424:
414:
410:
401:
399:
392:
388:
373:
369:
354:
350:
345:
333:
315:Scripps College
297:Natalie Babbitt
269:Chatham College
244:
231:
215:
206:
194:
159:Barnard College
143:Samuel Kirkland
123:
103:Samuel Kirkland
87:women's college
73:
69:
65:
39:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1794:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1642:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1538:Oneida Railway
1535:
1533:Oneida Limited
1530:
1529:
1528:
1518:
1513:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1472:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1449:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1415:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1405:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1362:
1357:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1298:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1273:
1272:
1265:
1258:
1250:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1121:
1120:
1113:
1106:
1098:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1037:
1036:External links
1034:
1033:
1032:
997:
991:
970:
964:
944:
929:
914:
911:
908:
907:
897:
876:
855:
846:
837:
816:
790:
783:
765:
739:
698:
674:
665:
656:
649:
618:
600:
581:
574:
547:
523:
499:
492:
458:
448:. Columbia.edu
437:
408:
398:. Hamilton.edu
386:
367:
347:
346:
344:
341:
340:
339:
332:
329:
328:
327:
324:Helen Barolini
321:
318:
311:
304:
293:
286:
280:
262:
259:
243:
240:
230:
227:
214:
211:
205:
202:
193:
190:
122:
119:
75:
74:
71:
67:
63:
61:
57:
56:
53:
49:
48:
45:
41:
40:
37:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1793:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1708:Entertainment
1706:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1677:Oneida Armory
1675:
1674:
1672:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1585:
1584:Oneida people
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1555:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1526:Mansion House
1524:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1470:
1465:
1463:
1458:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1404:
1403:Clinton Arena
1401:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1329:Bristol-Myers
1327:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1313:Oneida County
1311:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1271:
1266:
1264:
1259:
1257:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1165:Organizations
1163:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1119:
1114:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1071:75°24â˛34.05âłW
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1003:
998:
994:
992:9780826514493
988:
984:
980:
976:
971:
967:
965:9781425700690
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
940:
935:
930:
926:
925:The Spectator
922:
917:
916:
905:
901:
886:
880:
865:
859:
850:
841:
826:
820:
806:on 2010-07-28
805:
801:
794:
786:
784:9780738576800
780:
776:
769:
755:on 2010-05-31
754:
750:
743:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
714:
709:
702:
694:
693:
688:
681:
679:
669:
660:
652:
650:9780826514493
646:
642:
638:
634:
627:
625:
623:
611:
604:
597:. p. 62.
596:
592:
585:
577:
575:9780615432090
571:
567:
563:
556:
554:
552:
543:
542:
537:
530:
528:
513:
509:
503:
495:
493:9781425700690
489:
485:
481:
477:
471:
469:
467:
465:
463:
447:
441:
434:
423:
419:
412:
397:
390:
382:
378:
371:
364:. p. 40.
363:
359:
352:
348:
338:
335:
334:
325:
322:
319:
316:
312:
309:
305:
302:
298:
294:
291:
287:
284:
281:
278:
274:
270:
266:
263:
260:
257:
253:
249:
246:
245:
239:
235:
226:
223:
219:
210:
201:
198:
189:
185:
183:
178:
174:
170:
166:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
147:men's college
144:
140:
136:
135:academic year
127:
118:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
85:
81:
72:United States
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
35:
30:
22:
1725:Vernon Downs
1687:Oneida Creek
1682:Oneida Carry
1609:
1516:Fort Stanwix
1379:
1296:College Hill
1201:
1194:
1150:
1061:
1014:(5): 32â35.
1011:
1005:
978:
951:
937:
924:
900:
889:. Retrieved
879:
868:. Retrieved
858:
849:
840:
829:. Retrieved
819:
808:. Retrieved
804:the original
793:
774:
768:
757:. Retrieved
753:the original
742:
720:(5): 32â35.
717:
711:
701:
690:
668:
659:
636:
603:
594:
584:
561:
539:
515:. Retrieved
511:
502:
479:
450:. Retrieved
440:
432:
425:. Retrieved
421:
411:
400:. Retrieved
389:
383:p. 143.
379:. New York:
376:
370:
357:
351:
308:Sandy Faison
277:Pennsylvania
236:
232:
224:
220:
216:
207:
199:
195:
186:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
132:
84:liberal arts
79:
78:
1692:Oneida Lake
1083: /
1068:43°2â˛54.5âłN
939:Wet Machine
692:Wet Machine
117:community.
89:located in
1740:Categories
1134:Facilities
891:2015-11-07
870:2015-11-07
831:2015-11-07
810:2015-11-07
759:2015-11-07
517:2024-01-28
452:2015-11-07
427:24 October
402:2015-11-07
343:References
273:Pittsburgh
252:First Lady
1670:Geography
1348:Education
1189:Carissima
283:Roz Chast
204:Endowment
55:1965â1978
1308:Kirkland
1301:The Knob
1028:40163484
950:(2006).
734:40163484
478:(2006).
331:See also
95:New York
68:New York
60:Location
1504:History
1385:WHCL-FM
1322:History
1291:Clinton
1218:Related
1209:WHCL-FM
956:XLibris
484:XLibris
121:History
115:alumnae
91:Clinton
64:Clinton
1557:People
1483:Places
1396:Sports
1370:Chapel
1284:Places
1026:
1007:Change
989:
962:
781:
732:
713:Change
647:
572:
490:
52:Active
1181:Media
1024:JSTOR
730:JSTOR
613:(PDF)
987:ISBN
960:ISBN
779:ISBN
645:ISBN
570:ISBN
488:ISBN
429:2019
256:Iowa
44:Type
1016:doi
722:doi
271:in
254:of
1742::
1022:.
1012:10
1010:.
1004:.
958:.
954:.
936:.
923:.
728:.
718:10
716:.
710:.
689:.
677:^
621:^
593:.
568:.
550:^
538:.
526:^
510:.
486:.
482:.
461:^
431:.
420:.
360:.
275:,
93:,
70:,
66:,
1468:e
1461:t
1454:v
1269:e
1262:t
1255:v
1191:"
1187:"
1117:e
1110:t
1103:v
1030:.
1018::
995:.
968:.
927:.
894:.
873:.
834:.
813:.
787:.
762:.
736:.
724::
695:.
653:.
578:.
544:.
520:.
496:.
455:.
405:.
317:.
292:.
279:.
258:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
