169:
344:
The only published studies of
Korandje based on first-hand data are Cancel (1908), a 45-page article by a French lieutenant covering basic grammar and vocabulary and a couple of sample texts; Champault (1969), an anthropological study containing some incidental linguistically relevant materials such
345:
as sentences and rhymes; Tilmatine (1991, 1996), an article (published in German, then reworked in French) revisiting Cancel and
Champault and adding about a page of new data recorded by the author; and Souag (2010a, 2010b), the former arguing the case for
357:
No complete phonological study of
Korandje, systematically justified by minimal pairs, has yet been made. According to Souag (2010), the vowel system consists of lax ə, ŭ , ə̣̣ and tense a , i, u, ạ , ụ , while the consonant system is as follows:
1507:
While the morphemes involved are clearly of Berber origin, the details of this system differ from any one attested Berber language, and this plural is extended to at least one item of
Songhay origin,
329:
by about 3,000 people; its name literally means "village's language". While retaining a basically
Songhay structure, it is extremely heavily influenced by
906:
An earlier proposal by Nicolaï (1981), based on a very limited corpus of recordings provided by
Champault, suggested a smaller phoneme inventory:
1814:
2055:
1711:
377-397, 1991; "Un parler berbèro-songhay du sud-ouest algérien (Tabelbala): Elements d’histoire et de linguistique", Mohamed
Tilmatine,
1780:
341:
of basic vocabulary consists of loanwords from Arabic or Berber, and the proportion of the lexicon as a whole is considerably higher.
1789:– a linguistic blog by Lameen Souag, a specialist on Korandje (note that the blog calls it Kwarandjie, Kwarandzie, or Kwarandzyey)
1724:"The Western Berber Stratum in Kwarandzyey (Tabelbala, Algeria)", in ed. D. Ibriszimow, M. Kossmann, H. Stroomer, R. Vossen,
833:
826:
1807:
1412:
This marker comes at the end of the "core noun phrase", the unit consisting of noun+numeral+adjective+demonstrative:
722:
2048:
697:
903:
Items in brackets are not normally used by older speakers. A bilabial click is attested in one baby-talk word.
746:
2164:
1800:
784:
1928:
709:
628:
155:
881:
839:
802:
777:
740:
715:
703:
600:
586:
574:
544:
532:
518:
465:
1996:
808:
753:
2169:
2105:
2072:
2041:
1991:
845:
512:
349:
loans in the lexicon, the latter studying the effect of contact with Berber and Arabic on its grammar.
318:
99:
1633:
771:
734:
662:
538:
1193:
580:
568:
526:
2118:
2012:
1837:
796:
307:
244:
88:
1586:) and children's counting systems. The syntax of numerals in the noun phrases is complicated.
2128:
1880:
875:
471:
459:
194:
1823:
594:
391:
8:
2138:
235:
147:
51:
2064:
1963:
1948:
1943:
1653:
561:
421:
396:
376:
371:
322:
271:
174:
94:
1766:
Grammatical
Contact in the Sahara: Arabic, Berber, and Songhay in Tabelbala and Siwa
1742:
Grammatical
Contact in the Sahara: Arabic, Berber, and Songhay in Tabelbala and Siwa
1730:
Grammatical
Contact in the Sahara: Arabic, Berber, and Songhay in Tabelbala and Siwa
1671:
Grammatical Contact in the Sahara: Arabic, Berber, and Songhay in Tabelbala and Siwa
2095:
1953:
1933:
1908:
1890:
1845:
1707:"Tabelbala: Eine Songhaysprachinsel in der Algerischen Sahara", Mohamed Tilmatine,
1645:
386:
366:
330:
212:
2133:
2085:
2017:
1938:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1903:
1898:
1870:
1862:
1840:
1042:
865:
453:
381:
298:
253:
80:
160:
2143:
2123:
2113:
2022:
1875:
1064:
346:
280:
262:
221:
61:
1754:
Les dialectes du songhay. Contribution à l'étude des changements linguistiques
1601:
1460:
Some Berber loans retain versions of their original plurals, usually with the
2158:
1657:
501:
445:
433:
409:
1726:Études berbères V – Essais sur des variations dialectales et autres articles
1622:
This map is based on classification from Glottolog and data from Ethnologue.
1649:
552:
338:
131:
975:
818:
2080:
1792:
1606:
1021:
203:
1461:
1209:
997:
957:
686:
613:
326:
140:
124:
47:
2033:
168:
1333:
According to Tilmatine, verbs are negated by surrounding them with
1634:"The subclassification of Songhay and its historical implications"
934:
495:
37:
1366:
1217:
1180:
The infinitive and singular imperative are both the stem (e.g.
334:
1786:
1583:
1084:
1515:. Some Arabic loans similarly retain Arabic plurals.
1075:, found mainly in loanwords, and a six-vowel system:
1148:, their. Subject agreement prefixes on the verb are
312:
1682:«Etude sur le dialecte de Tabelbala», Lt. Cancel,
2156:
1184:"sleep"); the plural imperative takes a prefix
1696:Une oasis du Sahara nord-occidental, Tabelbala
1570:The only non-Arabic numbers in normal use are
1522:, with the possessor preceding the possessed:
2049:
1808:
1638:Journal of African Languages and Linguistics
1518:The possessive is expressed by the particle
325:. It is spoken around the Algerian oasis of
2056:
2042:
1815:
1801:
321:which is by far the most northerly of the
167:
1698:, Dominique Champault, Paris: CNRS, 1969.
1541:
1365:The most productive plural marker is the
1822:
1709:Afrikanische Arbeitspapiere Sondernummer
2157:
1768:, Lameen Souag, PhD thesis, SOAS, 2010
1744:, Lameen Souag, PhD thesis, SOAS, 2010
1732:, Lameen Souag, PhD thesis, SOAS, 2010
1673:, Lameen Souag, PhD thesis, SOAS, 2010
1192:"sleep! (pl.)"). Cancel describes the
2063:
2037:
1796:
1631:
1582:"three". There also exist "cryptic" (
1444:
1440:
363:
1756:, Robert Nicolaï, Paris: CNRS (1981)
1357:"did you sleep yesterday, or not?".
302:
13:
1783:(in PDF format; go to p. 163)
1595:
14:
2181:
1774:
874:
844:
832:
825:
807:
795:
783:
770:
752:
745:
733:
721:
708:
696:
661:
627:
593:
579:
567:
551:
537:
525:
511:
470:
458:
1759:
1747:
1735:
1728:. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe, 2010;
1718:
1701:
1689:
1676:
1664:
1625:
1616:
1:
1589:
1124:, they. Possessive forms are
1929:South Oran and Figuig Berber
1713:Etudes et documents berbères
1632:Souag, Lameen (2012-01-11).
352:
337:; about 20% of the 100-word
7:
1456:"these three big mountains"
1095:
313:
16:Songhay language of Algeria
10:
2186:
1686:1908, Nº 270-271, 302-347.
1565:
1090:
2104:
2071:
2005:
1984:
1962:
1889:
1861:
1854:
1830:
1453:mountain three big=DEM=PL
864:
817:
685:
612:
550:
494:
452:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
319:Northern Songhay language
166:
154:
138:
122:
117:
77:
67:
57:
43:
33:
26:
21:
1360:
1355:n'd'xani bînu, willa ho?
1175:
1781:Information on Korandje
1612:(subscription required)
1345:"do not eat!". "No" is
2013:Algerian Sign Language
1650:10.1515/jall-2012-0008
1196:as follows (also for
2165:Languages of Algeria
1824:Languages of Algeria
1403:tsəksi > tsəks=yu
236:Tondi Songway Kiini
1498:awṛəẓ > iwṛạẓən
1450:ạḍṛạ inẓa bya=γ=yu
1100:The pronouns are:
180:Northwest Songhay:
2170:Songhay languages
2152:
2151:
2065:Songhay languages
2031:
2030:
1985:Foreign languages
1980:
1979:
1831:Official language
1715:14:163-198, 1996.
1610:(18th ed., 2015)
1501:"heel" {} "heels"
1406:"goat" {} "goats"
1339:ni `as ba enγa hé
1331:
1330:
1268:he/she/it sleeps
1061:
1060:
901:
900:
448:
441:
436:
429:
424:
417:
412:
405:
323:Songhay languages
311:
288:
287:
272:Songhoyboro Ciine
175:Songhay languages
73:3,000 (2010)
2177:
2058:
2051:
2044:
2035:
2034:
1876:Algerian Saharan
1859:
1858:
1817:
1810:
1803:
1794:
1793:
1769:
1763:
1757:
1751:
1745:
1739:
1733:
1722:
1716:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1687:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1629:
1623:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1599:
1558:woman POSS knife
1543:
1446:
1442:
1304:you (pl.) sleep
1296:you (pl.) slept
1260:he/she/it slept
1203:
1202:
1168:, you (plural);
1120:, you (plural);
909:
908:
883:
878:
848:
841:
836:
829:
811:
804:
799:
787:
779:
774:
763:
756:
749:
742:
737:
725:
717:
712:
705:
700:
693:
665:
654:
631:
620:
602:
597:
588:
583:
576:
571:
564:
555:
546:
541:
534:
529:
520:
515:
504:
474:
467:
462:
444:
439:
432:
427:
420:
415:
408:
403:
361:
360:
316:
306:
304:
278:
269:
260:
251:
242:
233:
227:Eastern Songhay:
219:
210:
201:
192:
186:
171:
150:
134:
127:
83:
19:
18:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2148:
2134:Koyraboro Senni
2100:
2067:
2062:
2032:
2027:
2006:Other languages
2001:
1976:
1958:
1885:
1855:Local languages
1850:
1826:
1821:
1787:Jabal al-Lughat
1777:
1772:
1764:
1760:
1752:
1748:
1740:
1736:
1723:
1719:
1706:
1702:
1694:
1690:
1684:Revue Africaine
1681:
1677:
1669:
1665:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1568:
1563:
1561:"woman's knife"
1553:
1545:
1535:
1527:
1505:
1496:
1488:
1480:
1472:
1458:
1448:
1433:
1425:
1417:
1410:
1401:
1393:
1385:
1377:
1363:
1178:
1136:, his/her/its;
1098:
1093:
761:
691:
652:
618:
560:
500:
355:
284:
283:
276:
274:
267:
265:
258:
256:
254:Koyraboro Senni
249:
247:
240:
238:
231:
224:
217:
215:
208:
206:
199:
197:
190:
188:
184:
177:
146:
130:
123:
113:
84:
81:Language family
79:
70:
69:Native speakers
52:Béchar Province
17:
12:
11:
5:
2183:
2173:
2172:
2167:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2110:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2077:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2061:
2060:
2053:
2046:
2038:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2023:Tetuani Ladino
2020:
2015:
2009:
2007:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1968:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1895:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1843:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1820:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1784:
1776:
1775:External links
1773:
1771:
1770:
1758:
1746:
1734:
1717:
1700:
1688:
1675:
1663:
1624:
1615:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1567:
1564:
1546:
1536:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1489:
1481:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1434:
1426:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1394:
1386:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1362:
1359:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1310:
1305:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1284:
1279:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1266:
1261:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1248:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1236:a (ba) am xani
1233:
1230:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1212:
1207:
1177:
1174:
1144:, your (pl.);
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1065:pharyngealised
1059:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
994:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
980:
978:
972:
971:
969:
967:
965:
962:
960:
954:
953:
951:
948:
945:
943:
940:
937:
931:
930:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
899:
898:
896:
894:
892:
890:
888:
886:
884:
879:
872:
870:
868:
862:
861:
859:
857:
855:
853:
851:
849:
842:
837:
830:
823:
821:
815:
814:
812:
805:
800:
793:
791:
789:
780:
775:
768:
766:
764:
758:
757:
750:
743:
738:
731:
729:
727:
718:
713:
706:
701:
694:
689:
683:
682:
680:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
659:
657:
655:
649:
648:
646:
644:
642:
640:
638:
636:
634:
632:
625:
623:
621:
616:
610:
609:
607:
605:
603:
598:
591:
589:
584:
577:
572:
565:
557:
556:
549:
547:
542:
535:
530:
523:
521:
516:
509:
507:
505:
498:
492:
491:
489:
487:
485:
483:
481:
479:
477:
475:
468:
463:
456:
450:
449:
442:
437:
430:
425:
418:
413:
406:
400:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
354:
351:
347:Western Berber
314:al-Balbaliyyah
286:
285:
275:
266:
263:Zarma language
257:
248:
239:
230:
216:
207:
198:
189:
187: Korandje
183:
172:
164:
163:
158:
152:
151:
144:
136:
135:
128:
120:
119:
118:Language codes
115:
114:
112:
111:
110:
109:
108:
107:
87:
85:
78:
75:
74:
71:
68:
65:
64:
59:
55:
54:
45:
41:
40:
35:
34:Native to
31:
30:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2182:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2119:Humburi Senni
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2103:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2059:
2054:
2052:
2047:
2045:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1857:
1853:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1818:
1813:
1811:
1806:
1804:
1799:
1798:
1795:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1767:
1762:
1755:
1750:
1743:
1738:
1731:
1727:
1721:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1697:
1692:
1685:
1679:
1672:
1667:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1628:
1619:
1609:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1594:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1531:
1523:
1521:
1516:
1514:
1511:"spoon" >
1510:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1487:
1484:
1479:
1476:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1437:
1432:
1429:
1424:
1421:
1413:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1392:
1389:
1384:
1381:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1335:`as ... hé/hi
1327:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1308:nd'ba âm xani
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1160:, he/she/it;
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1112:, he/she/it;
1111:
1107:
1103:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1077:a, i, u, e, o
1074:
1070:
1066:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
995:
992:
989:
987:
984:
981:
979:
977:
974:
973:
970:
968:
966:
963:
961:
959:
956:
955:
952:
949:
946:
944:
941:
938:
936:
933:
932:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
911:
910:
907:
904:
897:
895:
893:
891:
889:
887:
885:
880:
877:
873:
871:
869:
867:
863:
860:
858:
856:
854:
852:
850:
847:
843:
838:
835:
831:
828:
824:
822:
820:
816:
813:
810:
806:
801:
798:
794:
792:
790:
786:
781:
776:
773:
769:
767:
765:
760:
759:
755:
751:
748:
744:
739:
736:
732:
730:
728:
724:
719:
714:
711:
707:
702:
699:
695:
690:
688:
684:
681:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
664:
660:
658:
656:
651:
650:
647:
645:
643:
641:
639:
637:
635:
633:
630:
626:
624:
622:
617:
615:
611:
608:
606:
604:
599:
596:
592:
590:
585:
582:
578:
573:
570:
566:
563:
559:
558:
554:
548:
543:
540:
536:
531:
528:
524:
522:
517:
514:
510:
508:
506:
503:
499:
497:
493:
490:
488:
486:
484:
482:
480:
478:
476:
473:
469:
464:
461:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
438:
435:
431:
426:
423:
419:
414:
411:
407:
402:
401:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
362:
359:
350:
348:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
315:
309:
300:
296:
295:kwạṛa n dzyəy
292:
282:
273:
264:
255:
246:
245:Humburi Senni
237:
229:
228:
223:
214:
205:
196:
182:
181:
176:
170:
165:
162:
159:
157:
153:
149:
145:
143:
142:
137:
133:
129:
126:
121:
116:
106:
103:
102:
101:
98:
97:
96:
93:
92:
90:
86:
82:
76:
72:
66:
63:
60:
56:
53:
49:
46:
42:
39:
36:
32:
29:
25:
20:
2129:Koyra Chiini
2090:
1971:
1765:
1761:
1753:
1749:
1741:
1737:
1729:
1725:
1720:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1695:
1691:
1683:
1678:
1670:
1666:
1641:
1637:
1627:
1618:
1605:
1597:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1560:
1557:
1555:wi n tsə̣ffạ
1554:
1550:
1547:
1540:
1537:
1532:
1529:
1519:
1517:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1485:
1482:
1477:
1474:
1465:(ts)i-...-ən
1464:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1438:
1435:
1430:
1427:
1422:
1419:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1398:
1395:
1390:
1387:
1382:
1379:
1369:
1364:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1343:n`esbanγa hé
1342:
1338:
1334:
1332:
1325:
1317:
1307:
1299:
1289:
1281:
1271:
1263:
1254:n ba am xani
1253:
1245:
1235:
1227:
1197:
1194:conjugations
1189:
1185:
1181:
1179:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1062:
976:Approximants
905:
902:
356:
343:
339:Swadesh list
294:
290:
289:
226:
225:
195:Koyra Chiini
179:
178:
173:Location of
139:
104:
89:Nilo-Saharan
27:
2139:Tondi Kiini
1578:"two", and
1326:iba am xani
1322:they sleep
1314:they slept
1300:nd'(a) xani
1071:as well as
1069:ṭ ḍ ṣ ẓ ṇ ḥ
1067:consonants
819:Approximant
293:(Korandje:
161:Kwarandzyey
28:Kwarandzyey
2159:Categories
2081:Tadaksahak
1919:Tagargrent
1607:Ethnologue
1590:References
1290:ia âm xani
1250:you sleep
1242:you slept
1063:alongside
998:Fricatives
958:Affricates
926:Labiovelar
392:Pharyngeal
204:Tadaksahak
1914:Tachelhit
1881:Hassānīya
1658:1613-3811
1462:circumfix
1286:we sleep
1278:we slept
1272:a âm xani
1246:n(e) xani
1210:Preterite
692:voiceless
687:Fricative
619:voiceless
614:Affricate
502:voiceless
353:Phonology
327:Tabelbala
308:romanized
303:البلبالية
141:Glottolog
125:ISO 639-3
58:Ethnicity
48:Tabelbala
2106:Southern
2091:Korandje
2073:Northern
1972:Korandje
1949:Mozabite
1944:Tidikelt
1939:Taznatit
1924:Temacine
1871:Algerian
1838:Standard
1602:Korandje
1513:tsiṛạwən
1436:bya=γ=yu
1423:mountain
1396:tsəks=yu
1232:I sleep
1224:I slept
1214:English
1206:English
1190:wə-kkani
1172:, they.
1132:, your;
1096:Pronouns
935:Plosives
929:Glottal
291:Korandje
148:kora1291
105:Korandje
100:Northern
22:Korandje
2096:Tasawaq
1997:English
1964:Songhay
1954:Tamahaq
1934:Tarifit
1909:Chaouïa
1899:Chenoua
1574:"one",
1566:Numbers
1548:tsə̣ffạ
1509:tsạṛə̣w
1494:"heels"
1491:iwṛạẓən
1399:"goats"
1337:, e.g.
1282:ia xani
1156:, you;
1140:, our;
1108:, you;
1091:Grammar
920:Palatal
917:Coronal
496:Plosive
397:Glottal
377:Palatal
372:Coronal
317:) is a
310::
213:Tasawaq
95:Songhay
62:Belbali
38:Algeria
2086:Tagdal
2018:Domari
1992:French
1904:Kabyle
1891:Berber
1863:Arabic
1846:Berber
1841:Arabic
1656:
1486:
1478:"heel"
1391:
1383:"goat"
1380:tsəksi
1367:clitic
1318:ia xan
1264:a xani
1228:a xani
1218:Aorist
1164:, we;
1128:, my;
1116:, we;
1079:, and
1022:Nasals
964:ts dz
950:kʷ ɡʷ
914:Labial
762:voiced
653:voiced
562:voiced
387:Uvular
367:Labial
335:Arabic
331:Berber
299:Arabic
279:
277:
270:
268:
261:
259:
252:
250:
243:
241:
234:
232:
222:Tagdal
220:
218:
211:
209:
202:
200:
193:
191:
185:
44:Region
2144:Zarma
2124:Kaado
2114:Dendi
1644:(2).
1584:argot
1572:a-ffu
1551:knife
1533:woman
1475:awṛəẓ
1431:three
1361:Nouns
1341:>
1176:Verbs
1142:ndzən
1118:ndzyu
1104:, I;
1085:schwa
1043:Trill
923:Velar
866:Trill
454:Nasal
440:plain
428:plain
416:plain
404:plain
382:Velar
281:Dendi
1654:ISSN
1580:inẓa
1576:inka
1542:POSS
1526:e.g.
1483:>
1471:e.g.
1439:big=
1428:inẓa
1420:ạḍṛạ
1416:e.g.
1388:>
1376:e.g.
1347:hoho
1198:xani
1182:kani
1166:ndz-
1114:yayu
1102:aγəy
1008:ʃ ʒ
1005:s z
947:k ɡ
942:t d
446:lab.
434:lab.
422:pha.
410:lab.
333:and
1646:doi
1604:at
1441:DEM
1370:=yu
1349:or
1200:):
1186:wə-
1162:ya-
1152:I;
1150:ʕa-
1138:yan
1130:nən
1126:ʕan
1122:ini
1110:ana
1087:).
1073:x q
663:d͡z
629:t͡s
156:ELP
132:kcy
2161::
1652:.
1642:33
1640:.
1636:.
1530:wi
1467:,
1445:PL
1372::
1353::
1351:ho
1170:i-
1158:a-
1154:n-
1146:in
1134:an
1106:ni
1049:r
1029:n
1026:m
1016:h
1011:ɣ
1002:f
990:w
985:j
982:l
939:b
882:rˤ
840:lˤ
803:ɣʷ
788:)
778:zˤ
741:xʷ
726:)
716:sˤ
704:fʷ
601:gʷ
587:dˤ
575:bʷ
545:qʷ
533:kʷ
519:tˤ
466:mʷ
305:,
301::
297:;
91:?
50:,
2057:e
2050:t
2043:v
1816:e
1809:t
1802:v
1660:.
1648::
1538:n
1520:n
1443:=
1188:(
1083:(
1081:ə
876:r
846:j
834:l
827:w
809:ʕ
797:ɣ
785:ʒ
782:(
772:z
754:h
747:ħ
735:x
723:ʃ
720:(
710:s
698:f
595:g
581:d
569:b
553:ʔ
539:q
527:k
513:t
472:n
460:m
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
