397:(104 mi) and an apogee of 198 kilometres (123 mi), with an inclination of 64.8Β° and an orbital period of 88.7 minutes. The spacecraft successfully reached Earth orbit but failed to leave for Venus when the Blok L upper stage malfunctioned. The upper stage lost stable attitude due to a failure in the circuit of the power supply circuit that powered the valves for the attitude control system; hence, the stage remained uncontrollable and not ready to initiate a burn to leave Earth orbit. The problem was traced to a design error, the examination of
65:
414:
401:
data found that the failure was due to a design flaw in the circuitry of the BOZ unit, which resulted in power not being transferred to the attitude control jets on the Blok L stage, rather than one related to quality control. The spacecraft burned up in Earth's atmosphere the following day, on 28
396:
The probe was the first dedicated 3MV spacecraft that the
Soviets launched (earlier missions had been of the test "Object-Probe" versions as Kosmos 21). It was designed to accomplish atmospheric entry into Venus followed by descent and impact. On 27 March 1964, it had a perigee of 167 kilometres
387:
Kosmos 27 was a "third-generation" deep space planetary probes of the 3MV series of the Soviet Union. The Soviet engineers planned four types of the 3MV, the 3MV-1 (for Venus impact), 3MV-2 (for Venus flyby), 3MV-3 (for Mars impact), and 3MV-4 (for Mars flyby). The primary difference over the
388:
second-generation was vastly improved (and in many cases doubled) orientation system elements as well as improved onboard propulsion systems. While these four versions were meant to study Mars and Venus.
1112:
1459:
492:
823:
1119:
1366:
1359:
1352:
1016:
1469:
1317:
1312:
1023:
1454:
1256:
1540:
1438:
1267:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1125:
1096:
1091:
1044:
885:
880:
1479:
1464:
1444:
1412:
1397:
1392:
1377:
1372:
1346:
1323:
1307:
1297:
1282:
1272:
1230:
1205:
1200:
1190:
1155:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1101:
1086:
1064:
1059:
1049:
1039:
1029:
1003:
972:
947:
942:
937:
920:
875:
816:
1535:
522:
1175:
809:
478:
570:
508:
465:
446:
356:
58:
473:. The NASA history series (second ed.). Washington, D.C.: NASA History Program Office. p. 58.
355:
8K78 carrier rocket from
Baikonur. The Blok L stage and probe reached Earth orbit successfully, but the
1525:
427:
73:
52:
1500:
Payloads are separated by bullets ( Β· ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in
1530:
563:
8:
848:
837:
833:
376:
270:
175:
64:
895:
801:
419:
372:
179:
402:
March 1964. If successful, this mission would have been given a "Venera" designation.
860:
744:
734:
729:
724:
484:
474:
312:
290:
719:
368:
352:
332:
233:
163:
926:
774:
556:
243:
530:
509:
https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/displayTrajectory.action?id=1964-014A
1070:
305:
280:
1519:
1009:
965:
900:
1545:
1484:
1474:
1422:
1417:
1407:
1329:
1292:
1150:
1145:
910:
905:
769:
764:
759:
447:
https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1964-014A
1449:
1427:
1402:
1387:
1382:
1341:
1335:
1302:
1287:
1195:
1185:
1160:
1106:
1081:
1076:
1034:
993:
952:
932:
870:
754:
739:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
621:
616:
398:
1508:. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).
1489:
1225:
1180:
998:
915:
790:
678:
673:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
600:
594:
317:
488:
1170:
1165:
983:
890:
548:
367:
Kosmos 27 was launched at 03:24:43 GMT on 27 March 1964, atop a
1432:
1277:
1054:
988:
865:
579:
467:
Beyond Earth: A Chronicle of Deep Space
Exploration, 1958β2016
1262:
348:
260:
250:
189:
112:
45:
34:
958:
102:
831:
409:
1517:
351:impact probe. The spacecraft was launched by a
371:8K78 s/n T15000-27 carrier rocket flying from
1504:. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in
817:
564:
824:
810:
571:
557:
63:
459:
457:
455:
463:
1518:
452:
805:
552:
498:from the original on 24 April 2019.
13:
1541:Spacecraft which reentered in 1964
578:
347:was a space mission intended as a
14:
1557:
520:
412:
16:Failed Soviet Venus impact probe
514:
502:
440:
75:
1:
433:
382:
7:
1536:Spacecraft launched in 1964
405:
155:27 March 1964, 03:24:43 GMT
10:
1562:
391:
359:system failed to operate.
1498:
856:
783:
712:
666:
630:
609:
586:
527:Encyclopedia Astronautica
464:Siddiqi, Asif A. (2018).
428:List of missions to Venus
362:
336:
303:
299:
289:
279:
269:
259:
249:
239:
229:
224:
220:
216:
208:
203:
199:
195:
185:
171:
159:
151:
146:
142:
138:
126:
118:
108:
98:
93:
89:
85:
72:
51:
41:
30:
26:
230:Reference system
94:Spacecraft properties
840:Orbital launches in
132:(including an impact
1460:Surveyor Mass Model
533:on 27 February 2002
377:Baikonur Cosmodrome
23:
511:- 27 February 2020
449:- 27 February 2020
420:Spaceflight portal
225:Orbital parameters
21:
1526:Kosmos satellites
1513:
1512:
799:
798:
745:Venera 3MV-1 No.2
735:Venera 2MV-2 No.1
730:Venera 2MV-1 No.2
725:Venera 2MV-1 No.1
343:), also known as
326:
325:
313:Venera 3MV-1 No.2
1553:
901:Jupiter Nosecone
845:
844:
843:
826:
819:
812:
803:
802:
720:Tyazhely Sputnik
573:
566:
559:
550:
549:
543:
542:
540:
538:
529:. Archived from
518:
512:
506:
500:
499:
497:
472:
461:
450:
444:
422:
417:
416:
415:
357:attitude control
338:
251:Perigee altitude
147:Start of mission
134:probe of 285 kg)
77:
68:
67:
61:
24:
20:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1516:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1494:
1120:Atlas-Centaur 3
927:Zond 3MV-1 No.2
852:
851:
841:
839:
838:
836:
830:
800:
795:
784:Future missions
779:
713:Failed launches
708:
662:
626:
605:
582:
577:
547:
546:
536:
534:
519:
515:
507:
503:
495:
491:. SP2018-4041.
481:
470:
462:
453:
445:
441:
436:
418:
413:
411:
408:
394:
385:
365:
345:Zond 3MV-1 No.3
322:
321:
315:
308:
261:Apogee altitude
166:
133:
131:
99:Spacecraft type
62:
57:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1559:
1549:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1531:Venera program
1528:
1511:
1510:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1363:
1356:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1332:
1327:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1071:Molniya-1 No.2
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1020:
1013:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
969:
962:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
857:
854:
853:
847:
832:
829:
828:
821:
814:
806:
797:
796:
794:
793:
787:
785:
781:
780:
778:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
716:
714:
710:
709:
707:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
670:
668:
664:
663:
661:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
634:
632:
631:Descent probes
628:
627:
625:
624:
619:
613:
611:
607:
606:
604:
603:
598:
590:
588:
584:
583:
580:Venera program
576:
575:
568:
561:
553:
545:
544:
523:"Venera 3MV-1"
513:
501:
479:
451:
438:
437:
435:
432:
431:
430:
424:
423:
407:
404:
393:
390:
384:
381:
364:
361:
324:
323:
316:
310:
309:
304:
301:
300:
297:
296:
293:
287:
286:
283:
277:
276:
273:
267:
266:
263:
257:
256:
253:
247:
246:
241:
237:
236:
231:
227:
226:
222:
221:
218:
217:
214:
213:
210:
206:
205:
204:End of mission
201:
200:
197:
196:
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
173:
169:
168:
161:
157:
156:
153:
149:
148:
144:
143:
140:
139:
136:
135:
128:
124:
123:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
91:
90:
87:
86:
83:
82:
79:
70:
69:
55:
49:
48:
43:
39:
38:
32:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1558:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1507:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1367:Strela-1 No.8
1364:
1362:
1361:
1360:Strela-1 No.7
1357:
1355:
1354:
1353:Strela-1 No.6
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1278:Apollo AS-102
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1055:Apollo AS-101
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1017:Transit 5BN-3
1014:
1012:
1011:
1010:Luna E-6 No.5
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
974:
970:
968:
967:
966:Luna E-6 No.6
963:
961:
960:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
928:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
858:
855:
850:
846:
835:
827:
822:
820:
815:
813:
808:
807:
804:
792:
789:
788:
786:
782:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
717:
715:
711:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
671:
669:
665:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
635:
633:
629:
623:
620:
618:
615:
614:
612:
608:
602:
599:
597:
596:
592:
591:
589:
585:
581:
574:
569:
567:
562:
560:
555:
554:
551:
532:
528:
524:
517:
510:
505:
494:
490:
486:
482:
480:9781626830424
476:
469:
468:
460:
458:
456:
448:
443:
439:
429:
426:
425:
421:
410:
403:
400:
389:
380:
378:
374:
370:
360:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
334:
330:
320: →
319:
314:
311:←
307:
302:
298:
295:27 March 1964
294:
292:
288:
284:
282:
278:
274:
272:
268:
264:
262:
258:
254:
252:
248:
245:
242:
238:
235:
232:
228:
223:
219:
215:
212:28 March 1964
211:
207:
202:
198:
194:
191:
188:
184:
181:
177:
174:
170:
167:s/n T15000-27
165:
162:
158:
154:
150:
145:
141:
137:
129:
125:
121:
117:
114:
111:
107:
104:
101:
97:
92:
88:
84:
80:
78:
71:
66:
60:
56:
54:
50:
47:
44:
40:
36:
33:
29:
25:
19:
1505:
1501:
1470:Transit 5E-5
1437:
1365:
1358:
1351:
1334:
1322:
1318:Dragsphere 2
1313:Dragsphere 1
1255:
1118:
1111:
1069:
1024:Transit 5E-4
1022:
1015:
1008:
978:
971:
964:
957:
925:
775:Venera 1964A
749:
593:
535:. Retrieved
531:the original
526:
521:Wade, Mark.
516:
504:
466:
442:
395:
386:
366:
344:
340:
328:
327:
285:88.7 minutes
164:Molniya 8K78
109:Manufacturer
37:impact probe
31:Mission type
18:
1485:Explorer 26
1475:San Marco 1
1423:Explorer 25
1418:Explorer 24
1408:Explorer 23
1330:Explorer 22
1293:Explorer 21
537:17 February
271:Inclination
172:Launch site
152:Launch date
119:Launch mass
1520:Categories
1455:Titan 3A-1
1257:Titan 3A-2
1151:Elektron 4
1146:Elektron 3
911:Elektron 2
906:Elektron 1
770:Kosmos 482
765:Kosmos 359
760:Kosmos 167
489:2017059404
434:References
383:Spacecraft
234:Geocentric
209:Decay date
186:Contractor
1502:underline
1450:Kosmos 51
1439:DS-2 No.2
1428:Mariner 4
1403:Mariner 3
1388:Kosmos 50
1383:Kosmos 49
1342:Kosmos 48
1336:Voskhod 1
1303:Kosmos 47
1288:Kosmos 46
1268:Kosmos 45
1251:Kosmos 44
1246:Kosmos 43
1241:Kosmos 42
1236:Kosmos 41
1221:Kosmos 40
1216:Kosmos 39
1211:Kosmos 38
1196:Kosmos 37
1186:Kosmos 36
1161:Kosmos 35
1126:Kosmos 34
1107:Kosmos 33
1097:OPS 4467B
1092:OPS 4467A
1082:Kosmos 32
1077:Kosmos 31
1045:Kosmos 30
1035:Kosmos 29
994:Kosmos 28
979:Kosmos 27
953:Kosmos 26
933:Kosmos 25
886:OPS 3367B
881:OPS 3367A
871:SOLRAD 7A
755:Kosmos 96
750:Kosmos 27
740:Kosmos 21
704:Venera 14
699:Venera 13
694:Venera 12
689:Venera 11
684:Venera 10
622:Venera 16
617:Venera 15
399:telemetry
341:Cosmos 27
337:ΠΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ 27
329:Kosmos 27
244:Low Earth
59:1964-014A
53:COSPAR ID
22:Kosmos 27
1490:OPS 3762
1480:OPS 3358
1465:OPS 6582
1445:OPS 4439
1413:OPS 3360
1398:OPS 3062
1393:OPS 5434
1378:OPS 5063
1373:OPS 4384
1347:OPS 3559
1324:OPS 4036
1308:OPS 5798
1298:OPS 3333
1283:OPS 4262
1273:OPS 3497
1231:OPS 2739
1226:Syncom 3
1206:OPS 3216
1201:OPS 3802
1191:OPS 3042
1181:Ranger 7
1156:OPS 3491
1141:OPS 4923
1136:OPS 3684
1131:OPS 3395
1102:OPS 3754
1087:OPS 3236
1065:OPS 3483
1060:OPS 4412
1050:OPS 3592
1040:OPS 2921
1030:OPS 3743
1004:Polyot 2
999:Gemini 1
973:OPS 3467
948:OPS 3435
943:OPS 3722
938:OPS 2423
921:OPS 3444
916:Ranger 6
791:Venera-D
679:Venera 9
674:Venera 8
658:Venera 7
653:Venera 6
648:Venera 5
643:Venera 4
638:Venera 3
610:Orbiters
601:Venera 2
595:Venera 1
493:Archived
406:See also
373:Site 1/5
339:meaning
318:Venera 2
180:Site 1/5
176:Baikonur
127:Dry mass
42:Operator
1506:italics
1171:Vela 2B
1166:Vela 2A
984:Ariel 2
891:Relay 2
876:SECOR 1
861:Poppy 3
667:Landers
392:Mission
375:at the
369:Molniya
353:Molniya
333:Russian
122:6520 kg
74:SATCAT
1433:Zond 2
1176:ERS-13
989:Zond 1
896:Echo 2
866:GGSE-1
849:1965 β
834:β 1963
587:Flybys
487:
477:
363:Launch
306:Venera
281:Period
265:198 km
255:167 km
240:Regime
160:Rocket
130:948 kg
1263:OGO-1
496:(PDF)
471:(PDF)
349:Venus
291:Epoch
275:64.8Β°
190:OKB-1
113:OKB-1
103:3MV-1
81:00770
46:OKB-1
35:Venus
1113:ESRS
959:BE-A
842:1964
539:2017
485:LCCN
475:ISBN
1546:3MV
76:no.
1522::
525:.
483:.
454:^
379:.
335::
178:,
825:e
818:t
811:v
572:e
565:t
558:v
541:.
331:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.