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397:: a large hill close to the camp commonly used for executions. Some 8,000 deaths took place outside the camp's fences, with prisoners trucked in three to four times weekly. The covered lorries from Kraków would arrive in the morning. The condemned were walked into a trench of the Hujowa Górka hillside, ordered to strip down and stand naked, and then were finally shot. Their bodies were then covered with dirt, layer upon layer. During these mass shootings, all other inmates were forced to watch. In early 1944, all corpses were exhumed and burned on a pyre to obliterate the evidence of the mass murder. Witnesses later testified that 17 truckloads of human ashes were removed from the burning site and scattered over the area.
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another. There was also a private barracks for the camp's Jewish police and their families. While the primary function of the camp was forced labor, the camp was also the site of mass murder of inmates as well as prisoners brought in from the outside. The main targets were the elderly and the sick. There were no gas chambers or crematoria, so mass murder was carried out by shootings.
276:, was the camp commandant at this point. He was sadistic in his treatment and killing of prisoners. "Witnesses say he would never start his breakfast without shooting at least one person." On Göth's first day as camp commandant, he killed two Jewish policemen and made every camp inmate watch. On 13 March 1943, he oversaw the liquidation of the nearby
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Göth and the other camp personnel punished inmates for a variety of actions. Any action perceived as sabotage, such as smuggling items into the camp, disobeying orders, or carrying an extra piece of food in one's clothes was an offense punishable by death. Prisoners were warned that if they tried to
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The female guards treated the prisoners as brutally as the men: "When we were loaded on the train in Płaszów, an SS woman hit me on the head. They were so vicious and brutal and sadistic, more than men. I think because some of them were women and you expect kindness, it was shocking. But of course,
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or shot on the spot. People were told to leave their children behind and that they would be cared for. In reality, they were all put in an orphanage and killed. Others snuck their children into the camp. If a prisoner tried to escape the camp, Göth shot 10 prisoners as a punishment. Göth would also
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The area which held the camp now consists of sparsely wooded hills and fields, with one large memorial to all the victims and two smaller monuments (one to the Jewish victims generally, and another to the
Hungarian Jewish victims) at one perimeter of where the camp once stood. The Jewish cemetery,
255:
The Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp was divided into multiple sections. There was a separate area for camp personnel, work facilities, male prisoners, female prisoners, and a further subdivision between Jews and non-Jews. Although separated, men and women still managed to have contact with one
338:
On 13 September 1944, Göth was relieved of his position and charged by the SS with theft of Jewish property (which belonged to the state, according to Nazi legislation), failure to provide adequate food to the prisoners under his charge, violation of concentration camp regulations regarding the
545:
Most numbers of inmates and killings rely on estimation, as the prisoner card index was destroyed during the camp's destruction. Few postwar trials centered on crimes committed at the Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp; one exception was Göth's trial and subsequent death sentence. West German
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Jewish police were recruited by the camp personnel. They were provided with double rations of thick soup, as opposed to the standard watery soup, and a full loaf of uncontaminated bread. However, the benefits came with cost of having to whip inmates with the whips that the Nazis provided.
433:
Prisoners could also rely on outside help to some degree. The Jüdische
Unterstützungsstelle, a support group that the Germans tolerated, would provide the inmates with food and medical assistance. The Zehnerschaft was a group of women that also supported the inmates. The
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was located. Schindler was known for being compassionate towards Jews. He never hit anyone, was always kind, and smiled frequently around the workers. Having relatives and friends that worked for
Schindler gave one a better chance at being put on the list for transport.
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escape, every member of their family and even innocent strangers would be killed. In terms of methods for killing, death by hanging was a favored method of Göth's. For a standard punishment, twenty-five lashings were dealt to the guilty inmate's buttocks.
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393:, starvation, and from executions. Because the work facilities were designed for men, the women had a lower chance of survival. Płaszów camp became particularly infamous for both the individual and the mass shootings carried out at
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371:. Although Göth was ruthless and would shoot at prisoners, he could not do so from this balcony as the terrain and the layout of the camp infrastructure precluded this. He used to step outside to hunt humans, with his
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While prisoners' daily lives were dominated by fear and starvation, there were some outlets for hope of survival. Rumors involving the
Russian advancement that would lead to the camp's liberation always circulated.
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389:. There were also high numbers of women and children compared with other camps. A large degree of the Hungarian prisoners were women. The death rate in the camp was very high. Many prisoners died of
411:. On 14 May 1944 Göth ordered all children to be sent to the "kindergarten". This turned out only to be a precursor to deportation to Auschwitz on 15 May where the children were all gassed.
421:. She held these documents in her possession until the end of the war, then allegedly destroyed them. Orlowski was known for her whippings, especially of young women across their eyes. At
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Black, Peter R. (2006). "Police
Auxiliaries for Operation Reinhard: Shedding Light on the Trawniki Training Camp Through Documents From Behind the Iron Curtain". In Bankier, David (ed.).
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treatment and punishment of prisoners, and allowing unauthorised access to camp personnel records by prisoners and non-commissioned officers. Camp administration was assumed by SS-
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to
Auschwitz. Several female SS guards were part of the group that accompanied them. Many of those who survived the march were killed upon arrival. When the Nazis realized the
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remains there. Another small monument, located near the opposite end of the site, stands in memory of the first execution of (non-Jewish) Polish prisoners in 1939.
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Originally intended as a forced labour camp, the Płaszów concentration camp was constructed on the grounds of two former Jewish cemeteries (including the
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Each year, it is the finishing point of the March of
Remembrance taking part in mid-March to manifest the respect to the victims of the Holocaust.
195:. Many prisoners died because of executions, forced labor, and the poor conditions in the camp. The camp was evacuated in January 1945, before the
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268:, the camp's second commandant, prisoners did not experience any shootings or hangings. However, by 1943, the camp was notorious for its terrors.
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were approaching Kraków, they completely dismantled the camp, leaving only an empty field. All bodies that had been previously buried in various
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Greenberg, Melinda. "The
Miracle Man: Joseph Bau's Art Represents a Lifetime of Dealing with the Horrors He Experienced during the Holocaust."
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where the Nazis removed all but one of the tombstones, stands on the side of the hill at the eastern end of the camp, near the Grey house.
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could buy extra food. A food for food trading system also developed. For example, two portions of soup was equal to a half loaf of bread.
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480:, was also a key figure. While prisoners always feared a transport to Auschwitz, one that was always sought after was a transport to
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Secret
Intelligence and the Holocaust: Collected Essays from the Colloquium at the City University of New York Graduate Center
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385:("labour camp"), supplying forced labour to several armament factories and to a stone quarry. Most of the prisoners were
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572:. As the Płaszów area is now a nature preserve and modern high-rise apartments were visible from the site, the director
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on prisoners if he did not like their expressions. He oversaw a staff that was mostly non-German. It consisted of 206
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sent food to Polish prisoners and some of them shared with the Jewish inmates. There were also individuals such as
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Göth entrusted documents pertaining to the mass killings and executions to a high ranking female member of the SS,
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Heise, sentenced to 15 years for war crimes by the
British judiciary, was last reported alive in Hamburg in 1970.
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The Camp Women: The Female Auxiliaries Who Assisted the SS in Running the Nazi Concentration Camp System
517:, and other camps. In January 1945, the last of the remaining inmates and camp staff left the camp on a
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Oskar Schindler: The Untold Account of His Life, Wartime Activities, and the True Story Behind the List
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When Göth received notice of a new shipment of inmates, he would set up deportations for
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The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945
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The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945
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1424:"March of Remembrance – commemorating the liquidation of Krakow ghetto"
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marking his intentions. It was the signal for seasoned prisoners to attempt to hide.
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beginning 28 October 1942. In 1943 the camp was expanded and integrated into the
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958:. Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team. 2 April 2008. Archived from
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Major Nazi German concentration camps in occupied Poland (marked with squares)
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346:. He improved the inmates' diets by allowing eggs, sugar and powdered milk.
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1065:. Yad Vashem The Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority. 2011
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805:: "KRAKAU-PLASZOW MAIN CAMP." The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
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223:, which took place on 13–14 March 1943 with the first deportations of the
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The Beautiful Days of My Youth: My Six Months in Auschwitz and Plaszow
1335:
The Beautiful Days of My Youth: My Six Months in Auschwitz and Plaszow
1177:
The Beautiful Days of My Youth: My Six Months in Auschwitz and Plaszow
497:
During July and August 1944, a number of transports of prisoners left
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prosecutors took until the late 1950s to investigate these crimes.
534:
280:, forcing those Jewish inhabitants deemed capable of work into the
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camp. Those who were declared unfit for work were either sent to
219:). It was populated with prisoners during the liquidation of the
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The sign at the main entrance to the Płaszów camp memorial area
400:
Although food was scarce, inmates that possessed any number of
390:
273:
1322:. Denton, Texas: University of North Texas Press. p. 40.
1307:. Denton, Texas: University of North Texas Press. p. 39.
859:. Denton, Texas: University of North Texas Press. p. 41.
2785:
Perpetrators, participants, organizations, and collaborators
894:. Brookline, Mass: Facing History and Ourselves. p. 37.
841:. Brookline, Mass: Facing History and Ourselves. p. 35.
2082:
425:
she would walk through the lines of women and whip them.
227:
4342:
International Youth Meeting Center in Oświęcim/Auschwitz
1090:
4203:
2213:
164:
1410:
Schindler's Legacy: True Stories of the List Survivors
1395:
Schindler's Legacy: True Stories of the List Survivors
1350:
Schindler's Legacy: True Stories of the List Survivors
1215:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2009. p. 865.
990:
Schindler's Legacy: True Stories of the List Survivors
975:
Schindler's Legacy: True Stories of the List Survivors
910:
Schindler's Legacy: True Stories of the List Survivors
880:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2009. p. 864.
811:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2009. p. 863.
1051:
956:"Plaszow – Krakow Forced Labour Camp"
730:
580:, which also served as a labor camp during the war.
1211:Megargee, Geoffrey P. "KRAKAU-PLASZOW MAIN CAMP."
876:Megargee, Geoffrey P. "KRAKAU-PLASZOW MAIN CAMP."
1280:The Krakow Ghetto and the Plaszow Camp Remembered
1007:. New York; Jerusalem: Enigma. pp. 331–348.
450:, a famous pharmacist, also aided the prisoners.
4396:
3704:Resistance, victims, documentation and technical
1131:[Amon Göth, the hunter of KZ Płaszów].
689:Podgorze's old and new Jewish cemeteries - 2011
562:A version of the camp is featured in the movie
537:arrived and found only a patch of barren land.
4189:
3689:
2770:
2330:
2199:
1520:
4375:Rescue of Jews by Poles during the Holocaust
1534:
1320:William & Rosalie: a Holocaust testimony
1305:William & Rosalie: a Holocaust testimony
1032:[The sadistic warden of Oberheide].
1028:Schramm, Marcel; Böhm, Marc (16 June 2009).
857:William & Rosalie: A Holocaust Testimony
808:Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945
533:and burned on site. On 20 January 1945, the
2345:Camps, ghettos, execution sites and attacks
1382:. Univ of Massachusetts Press. p. 217.
1160:. Univ of Massachusetts Press. p. 211.
1116:. Univ of Massachusetts Press. p. 216.
1030:"Die sadistische Aufseherin von Obernheide"
1027:
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1823:SS Main Economic and Administrative Office
1527:
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1282:. University Press of Florida. pp. .
1249:
1499:German Nazi concentration camp in Płaszów
1126:
1120:
462:
250:
199:'s liberation of the area on 20 January.
1257:. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. .
1087:(Hartmannsworth, UK: Plume, 1994) p. 151
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922:
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4300:Extraordinary (Soviet) State Commission
1481:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
1407:
1392:
1347:
987:
972:
916:
907:
442:, the head of the Kraków branch of the
4397:
4283:Polish, East German, and Soviet trials
3643:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions
1377:
1317:
1302:
1155:
1127:Wieliński, Bartosz T. (10 July 2012).
1111:
854:
771:"Plaszow Concentration Camp in Krakow"
492:
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2318:
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1229:. Atglen, PA: Schiffer. p. 185.
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889:
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187:who were targeted for destruction by
150:
1412:. New York, NY: Dutton. p. 231.
1397:. New York, NY: Dutton. p. 296.
1277:
1180:. New York: Henry Holt. p. 76.
992:. New York, NY: Dutton. p. 162.
977:. New York, NY: Dutton. p. 150.
912:. New York, NY: Dutton. p. 185.
903:
901:
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866:
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819:
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4204:Aftermath, trials and commemoration
2215:Holocaust in German-occupied Poland
1352:. New York, NY: Dutton. p. 60.
1332:
354:
349:
13:
4420:Nazi concentration camps in Poland
4365:Polish Righteous Among the Nations
1467:
1202:
1164:
1102:
925:"The Barber of Goerlitz: A Memoir"
773:. Essential Krakow. Archived from
760:
713:List of subcamps of Kraków-Płaszów
595:Płaszów Memorial (erected in 1964)
576:replicated the camp in the nearby
14:
4431:
4405:Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp
4047:Special Prosecution Book – Poland
2166:Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos
1486:
1452:. Cambridge, MA: Westview Press.
1059:"Alice Orlowski, Auschwitz Trial"
898:
863:
845:
830:
814:
789:
484:in Czechoslovakia. This is where
331:some were fat and big and ugly."
245:
16:Nazi concentration camp in Poland
4224:Population transfers (1944–1946)
3273:Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg
1818:Concentration Camps Inspectorate
1492:
1129:"Amon Göth myśliwy z KL Płaszów"
740:
726:List of Nazi concentration camps
694:
682:
670:
655:
643:
631:
612:
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486:Oskar Schindler's enamel factory
66:
4327:Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum
4239:Anti-Jewish violence, 1944–1946
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118:(September 1944 – January 1945)
3655:Schutzmannschaft Battalion 118
3631:36th Estonian Police Battalion
1225:Brown, Daniel Patrick (2002).
883:
453:
428:
236:Nazi concentration camp system
126:28 October 1942 – January 1945
1:
4322:Monument to the Ghetto Heroes
4152:Human medical experimentation
923:Eilender, Kasriel K. (2003).
183:. Most of the prisoners were
1834:Deutsche Wirtschaftsbetriebe
1828:German Earth and Stone Works
1036:(in German). Redaktion Weyhe
927:. p. 33. Archived from
540:
259:
7:
4357:Righteous Among the Nations
4244:Ministry of Public Security
3623:Belarusian Auxiliary Police
2233:Related articles by country
1979:Disciplinary and Penal Code
706:
436:Polish Welfare Organization
91:Konzentrationslager Plaszow
10:
4436:
4269:Frankfurt Auschwitz trials
3651:Ukrainian Auxiliary Police
1477:Interview with Helen Jonas
568:(1993), about the life of
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4042:Sobibor perpetrator album
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1931:Identification of inmates
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1542:
1367:. Henry Holt. p. 60.
1337:. Henry Holt. p. 56.
130:
122:
106:
96:
77:
65:
58:
53:
4290:Auschwitz trial (Poland)
3635:Latvian Auxiliary Police
3368:Karl Eberhard Schöngarth
2870:Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger
1536:Nazi concentration camps
1448:Crowe, David M. (2004).
1408:Brecher, Elinor (1994).
1393:Brecher, Elinor (1994).
1348:Brecher, Elinor (1994).
988:Brecher, Elinor (1994).
973:Brecher, Elinor (1994).
908:Brecher, Elinor (1994).
753:
272:, an SS commandant from
4380:Garden of the Righteous
4132:Identification in camps
4125:Technical and logistics
3571:Order Police battalions
2141:Soviet prisoners of war
1873:SS construction brigade
1378:Nelken, Helina (1999).
1156:Nelken, Helina (1999).
1112:Nelken, Helina (1999).
892:I promised I would tell
839:I promised I would tell
444:Council for Aid to Jews
311:(1943–1944), and a few
171:, a southern suburb of
161:Nazi concentration camp
60:Nazi concentration camp
4410:Kraków in World War II
3793:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
3258:Heinrich Klaustermeyer
1475:Voices on Antisemitism
1318:Hanley, Craig (2007).
1303:Hanley, Craig (2007).
1278:Graf, Malvina (1989).
855:Hanley, Craig (2007).
825:Jewish Baltimore Times
463:Hope for the prisoners
376:
251:Structure and function
212:
181:German-occupied Poland
113:(until September 1944)
90:
72:Kraków-Płaszów in 1942
4332:Majdanek State Museum
3465:Karl-Friedrich Höcker
2369:Auschwitz II-Birkenau
2123:Sonder- und Ehrenhaft
2041:Schutzhaftlagerführer
1255:Justice Not Vengeance
1137:(in Polish). Agora SA
890:Weitz, Sonia (1993).
837:Weitz, Sonia (1993).
803:Megargee, Geoffrey P.
440:Stanislaw Dobrowolski
362:
305:, 600 Germans of the
210:
148:Polish pronunciation:
37:50.03083°N 19.96750°E
3809:Mordechai Anielewicz
3520:Elisabeth Volkenrath
3405:Jenny-Wanda Barkmann
3041:Arthur Liebehenschel
2966:Hermine Braunsteiner
2910:Arthur Seyss-Inquart
2078:Prisoner functionary
1885:Politische Abteilung
1840:SS-Totenkopfverbände
1501:at Wikimedia Commons
1083:Elinor J. Brechner,
482:Brünnlitz labor camp
476:who saved the 1,200
308:SS-Totenkopfverbände
4347:March of the Living
4219:Holocaust survivors
4083:Vrba–Wetzler report
3859:Alexander Pechersky
3819:Mordechai Tenenbaum
3268:Alexander Palfinger
3091:Johann Schwarzhuber
2651:Międzyrzec Podlaski
2630:Lviv pogroms (1941)
2531:Sonderaktion Krakau
2161:Der Ort des Terrors
2110:Political prisoners
2100:Jehovah's Witnesses
1725:Natzweiler-Struthof
1380:And Yet, I Am Here!
1363:Novac, Ana (1997).
1333:Ana, Novac (1997).
1158:And Yet, I Am Here!
1114:And Yet, I Am Here!
1099:, pp. 354–355.
777:on 4 September 2012
493:Hiding the evidence
217:New Jewish Cemetery
177:General Governorate
33: /
4262:West German trials
4057:Wannsee Conference
3844:Itzhak Katzenelson
3596:General Government
3081:Franz Reichleitner
3011:Fritz Hartjenstein
3001:Maximilian Grabner
2920:Bruno Streckenbach
2732:Grossaktion Warsaw
2385:Operation Reinhard
1085:Schindler's Legacy
931:on 14 October 2013
472:, a member of the
448:Tadeusz Pankiewicz
377:
213:
137:, 20 January 1945
42:50.03083; 19.96750
4392:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4308:
4307:
4169:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4120:
4119:
4112:Sonderaktion 1005
3986:
3985:
3669:
3668:
3647:Ypatingasis būrys
3549:
3548:
3490:Johanna Langefeld
3485:Hildegard Lächert
3381:
3380:
3217:Alfred Trzebinski
3182:Franz von Bodmann
3134:Lorenz Hackenholt
2976:Theodor van Eupen
2915:Jakob Sporrenberg
2750:
2749:
2474:
2473:
2181:
2180:
2149:
2148:
2005:Arbeit macht frei
1497:Media related to
1459:978-0-465-00253-5
1289:978-0-8130-0905-6
1264:978-0-297-79683-1
1251:Wiesenthal, Simon
1187:978-0-8050-5018-9
650:Aerial shot, 2012
621:
557:Amon Göth's villa
365:Amon Göth's villa
315:women, including
152:[ˈpwaʂuf]
141:
140:
4427:
4274:Treblinka trials
4259:
4258:
4198:
4191:
4184:
4175:
4174:
4073:Graebe affidavit
4066:Witness accounts
4012:Frank memorandum
3997:
3996:
3892:
3891:
3879:Szmul Zygielbojm
3869:Frumka Płotnicka
3829:Leon Feldhendler
3814:Icchak Cukierman
3768:Ghetto uprisings
3698:
3691:
3684:
3675:
3674:
3619:Schutzmannschaft
3440:Feodor Fedorenko
3390:
3389:
3298:Wolfgang Birkner
3086:Heinrich Schwarz
3076:Josef Oberhauser
3051:Heinrich Matthes
2935:Dieter Wisliceny
2925:Richard Thomalla
2900:Heinz Reinefarth
2850:Heinrich Himmler
2795:
2794:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2756:
2755:
2720:Other atrocities
2357:
2356:
2339:
2332:
2325:
2316:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2185:
2184:
2071:
2070:
2056:Luftwaffe guards
1529:
1522:
1515:
1506:
1505:
1496:
1463:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1222:
1216:
1209:
1200:
1199:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1109:
1100:
1094:
1088:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1041:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1000:
994:
993:
985:
979:
978:
970:
964:
963:
962:on 2 April 2008.
952:
941:
940:
938:
936:
920:
914:
913:
905:
896:
895:
887:
881:
874:
861:
860:
852:
843:
842:
834:
828:
827:, March 6, 1998.
821:
812:
800:
787:
786:
784:
782:
767:
745:
744:
743:
736:
718:PBS documentary
701:Grey House, 2010
698:
686:
674:
659:
647:
635:
623:
622:
604:
592:
574:Steven Spielberg
565:Schindler's List
416:Kommandoführerin
379:The camp was an
355:Life in the camp
350:Prisoner victims
163:operated by the
154:
149:
85:
70:
51:
50:
48:
47:
45:
44:
43:
38:
34:
31:
30:
29:
26:
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4429:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4424:
4395:
4394:
4393:
4384:
4351:
4304:
4295:Stutthof trials
4278:
4248:
4205:
4202:
4161:
4147:Holocaust train
4116:
4100:
4088:Witold's Report
4078:Gerstein Report
4061:
4027:Katzmann Report
4007:Auschwitz Album
3982:
3921:
3883:
3849:Michał Klepfisz
3797:
3756:
3705:
3702:
3665:
3605:
3575:Ordnungspolizei
3545:
3524:
3505:Erich Muhsfeldt
3435:Margot Dreschel
3420:Alexander Bülow
3377:
3373:Udo von Woyrsch
3363:Hermann Schaper
3358:Emanuel Schäfer
3343:Josef Meisinger
3303:Helmut Bischoff
3282:
3238:Heinz Auerswald
3226:
3168:
3116:
3110:
3106:Christian Wirth
3016:Gottlieb Hering
2939:
2905:Julian Scherner
2890:Georg Michalsen
2875:Franz Kutschera
2835:Odilo Globocnik
2786:
2783:
2746:
2715:
2577:
2535:
2516:Kielce cemetery
2470:
2407:
2346:
2343:
2306:
2217:
2212:
2182:
2177:
2145:
2131:"Race defilers"
2116:Nacht und Nebel
2062:
2019:
2012:Jedem das Seine
1899:
1846:
1806:
1538:
1533:
1489:
1470:
1468:Further reading
1460:
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1402:
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1150:
1140:
1138:
1134:Gazeta Wyborcza
1125:
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608:
605:
596:
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570:Oskar Schindler
552:
543:
495:
470:Oskar Schindler
465:
456:
431:
363:The balcony of
357:
352:
341:Obersturmführer
262:
253:
248:
205:
147:
114:
81:
73:
41:
39:
35:
32:
27:
24:
22:
20:
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17:
12:
11:
5:
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4412:
4407:
4390:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4361:
4359:
4353:
4352:
4350:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4337:Sobibór Museum
4334:
4329:
4324:
4318:
4316:
4310:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4286:
4284:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4276:
4271:
4265:
4263:
4256:
4250:
4249:
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4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4215:
4213:
4207:
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4201:
4200:
4193:
4186:
4178:
4171:
4170:
4167:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4128:
4126:
4122:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4114:
4108:
4106:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4094:Sonderkommando
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4069:
4067:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4037:Posen speeches
4034:
4032:Korherr Report
4029:
4024:
4022:Höfle telegram
4019:
4014:
4009:
4003:
4001:
3994:
3988:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
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3940:
3935:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3922:
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3914:
3909:
3904:
3898:
3896:
3889:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3864:Witold Pilecki
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3839:Henryk Iwański
3836:
3834:Paweł Frenkiel
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3790:
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3780:
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3764:
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3724:
3719:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3706:
3701:
3700:
3693:
3686:
3678:
3671:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3658:
3639:Arajs Kommando
3615:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3568:
3561:Einsatzgruppen
3557:
3555:
3551:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3544:
3543:
3538:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3522:
3517:
3515:Alice Orlowski
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3430:John Demjanjuk
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3396:
3394:
3387:
3383:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3328:Gerhard Flesch
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3294:
3292:
3289:Einsatzgruppen
3284:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3234:
3232:
3231:Ghetto command
3228:
3227:
3225:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3212:Horst Schumann
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3178:
3176:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3120:
3118:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3071:Johann Niemann
3068:
3063:
3058:
3056:Hermann Michel
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3031:Karl-Otto Koch
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2971:Irmfried Eberl
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2860:Fritz Katzmann
2857:
2852:
2847:
2845:Arthur Greiser
2842:
2840:Richard Glücks
2837:
2832:
2827:
2825:Ludwig Fischer
2822:
2817:
2815:Adolf Eichmann
2812:
2807:
2801:
2799:
2792:
2788:
2787:
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2781:
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2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2482:
2480:
2479:Mass shootings
2476:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2469:
2468:
2466:Danzig-Matzkau
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2431:Kraków-Płaszów
2428:
2423:
2417:
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2203:
2196:
2188:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2168:
2163:
2157:
2155:
2154:Historiography
2151:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2136:Roma and Sinti
2133:
2128:
2127:
2126:
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2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
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2085:
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2020:
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2016:
2015:
2008:
1998:
1993:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1975:
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1963:
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1713:Mittelbau-Dora
1710:
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1673:Kraków-Płaszów
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1488:
1487:External links
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1020:
1013:
995:
980:
965:
942:
915:
897:
882:
862:
844:
829:
813:
788:
758:
757:
755:
752:
750:
749:
729:
728:
723:
715:
708:
705:
704:
703:
700:
693:
691:
688:
681:
679:
676:
669:
667:
661:
654:
652:
649:
642:
640:
637:
630:
628:
625:
611:
609:
606:
599:
597:
594:
587:
551:
548:
542:
539:
494:
491:
478:Schindlerjuden
464:
461:
455:
452:
446:(Żegota), and
430:
427:
419:Alice Orlowski
356:
353:
351:
348:
344:Arnold Büscher
325:Alice Orlowski
266:Arnold Büscher
261:
258:
252:
249:
247:
246:Camp operation
244:
204:
201:
157:Kraków-Płaszów
139:
138:
132:
128:
127:
124:
120:
119:
116:Arnold Büscher
108:
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
79:
75:
74:
71:
63:
62:
56:
55:
54:Kraków-Płaszów
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4432:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4370:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4358:
4354:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4319:
4317:
4315:
4311:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4281:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4264:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4251:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4234:Kielce pogrom
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4214:
4212:
4208:
4199:
4194:
4192:
4187:
4185:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4172:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4123:
4113:
4110:
4109:
4107:
4103:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4064:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4052:Stroop Report
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4004:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3992:Documentation
3989:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3924:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3899:
3897:
3893:
3890:
3886:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3824:Marek Edelman
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3759:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3710:Organizations
3708:
3699:
3694:
3692:
3687:
3685:
3680:
3679:
3676:
3672:
3662:
3659:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3611:Collaboration
3608:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3572:
3569:
3566:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3554:Organizations
3552:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3500:Eduard Lorenz
3498:
3496:
3495:Anton Lechner
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3480:Josef Kollmer
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3450:Kurt Gerstein
3448:
3446:
3445:Hans Hoffmann
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3415:Juana Bormann
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3391:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3353:Erich Naumann
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3308:Lothar Beutel
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3279:
3278:Jürgen Stroop
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3248:Josef Blösche
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3223:
3222:Eduard Wirths
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3207:Josef Mengele
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3197:Horst Fischer
3195:
3193:
3192:Karl Gebhardt
3190:
3188:
3187:Carl Clauberg
3185:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3171:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3159:Ludwig Plagge
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3149:Herbert Lange
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3129:Kurt Bolender
3127:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3101:Gustav Wagner
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3026:Franz Hössler
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2991:Karl Fritzsch
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2961:Wilhelm Boger
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2880:Erwin Lambert
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2865:Wilhelm Koppe
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2855:Hermann Höfle
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2820:Theodor Eicke
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2789:
2780:
2775:
2773:
2768:
2766:
2761:
2760:
2757:
2753:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2718:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2631:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2521:Aktion Krakau
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2491:Bloody Sunday
2489:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2477:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2413:Concentration
2410:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2361:Extermination
2358:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2340:
2335:
2333:
2328:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2229:The Holocaust
2227:
2224:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2209:
2204:
2202:
2197:
2195:
2190:
2189:
2186:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2065:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2046:Female guards
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2007:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1990:Postenpflicht
1987:
1985:
1984:Death marches
1982:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1896:
1895:Strafkompanie
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1880:Camp brothels
1878:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1863:Sanitätswesen
1861:
1859:
1856:
1855:
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1849:
1842:
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1837:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
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1792:
1791:
1788:
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1780:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1767:
1766:Sachsenhausen
1764:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1738:
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1652:
1651:
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1640:
1639:
1638:
1635:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1627:Herzogenbusch
1625:
1621:
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1617:
1616:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1597:
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1592:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1568:
1567:Bergen-Belsen
1565:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1530:
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1511:
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1500:
1495:
1491:
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1471:
1461:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1445:
1430:. 15 May 2017
1429:
1425:
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1404:
1396:
1389:
1381:
1374:
1366:
1359:
1351:
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1314:
1306:
1299:
1291:
1285:
1281:
1274:
1266:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1238:
1236:0-7643-1444-0
1232:
1228:
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1208:
1206:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1167:
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1136:
1135:
1130:
1123:
1115:
1108:
1106:
1098:
1093:
1086:
1080:
1064:
1063:Photo Archive
1060:
1054:
1047:
1035:
1034:Seminararbeit
1031:
1024:
1016:
1014:1-929631-60-X
1010:
1006:
999:
991:
984:
976:
969:
961:
957:
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673:
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610:
603:
598:
591:
586:
585:
584:
581:
579:
575:
571:
567:
566:
560:
558:
550:Commemoration
547:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
490:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
460:
451:
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445:
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437:
426:
424:
420:
417:
412:
410:
405:
403:
398:
396:
392:
388:
384:
383:
374:
370:
366:
361:
347:
345:
342:
336:
332:
328:
326:
322:
318:
317:Gertrud Heise
314:
310:
309:
304:
300:
298:
292:
287:
283:
279:
278:Kraków Ghetto
275:
271:
267:
257:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
226:
222:
221:Kraków Ghetto
218:
209:
200:
198:
194:
193:the Holocaust
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
153:
145:
136:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
112:
109:
105:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
69:
64:
61:
57:
52:
49:
46:
4093:
4017:Höcker Album
4000:Nazi sources
3888:Victim lists
3854:Miles Lerman
3661:Trawniki men
3601:Hotel Polski
3510:Detlef Nebbe
3475:Oswald Kaduk
3470:Karl Jeschke
3348:Bruno Müller
3338:Felix Landau
3323:Ernst Damzog
3318:Karl Brunner
3287:
3263:Franz Konrad
3164:Adolf Theuer
3117:executioners
3096:Franz Stangl
3066:Robert Mulka
3036:Josef Kramer
2986:Karl Frenzel
2956:Richard Baer
2951:Hans Aumeier
2944:Camp command
2930:Otto Wächter
2810:Josef Bühler
2805:Viktor Brack
2791:Perpetrators
2430:
2383:
2225:Main article
2170:
2121:
2114:
2010:
2003:
1988:
1926:Forced labor
1916:Action 14f14
1911:Action 14f13
1851:Subdivisions
1838:
1672:
1474:
1449:
1432:. Retrieved
1427:
1418:
1409:
1403:
1394:
1388:
1379:
1373:
1364:
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1349:
1343:
1334:
1328:
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1304:
1298:
1279:
1273:
1254:
1245:
1226:
1220:
1212:
1176:
1166:
1157:
1151:
1139:. Retrieved
1132:
1122:
1113:
1092:
1084:
1079:
1067:. Retrieved
1062:
1053:
1045:
1038:. Retrieved
1033:
1023:
1004:
998:
989:
983:
974:
968:
960:the original
933:. Retrieved
929:the original
918:
909:
891:
885:
877:
856:
838:
832:
824:
806:
779:. Retrieved
775:the original
719:
663:Hujowa Górka
582:
578:Liban Quarry
563:
561:
553:
544:
498:
496:
466:
457:
432:
415:
413:
406:
399:
395:Hujowa Górka
382:Arbeitslager
380:
378:
373:Tyrolean hat
340:
337:
333:
329:
312:
306:
296:
289:release his
281:
263:
254:
225:Barrackenbau
224:
214:
189:Nazi Germany
156:
143:
142:
131:Liberated by
101:Nazi Germany
18:
4137:Gas chamber
4105:Concealment
4096:photographs
3943:Gross-Rosen
3912:Lviv (Lwów)
3874:Roza Robota
3778:Częstochowa
3410:Herta Bothe
3400:Hans Anhalt
3393:Camp guards
3333:Ludwig Hahn
3313:Paul Blobel
3253:Franz Bürkl
3243:Hans Biebow
3202:Fritz Klein
3139:Josef Klehr
3124:Erich Bauer
3115:Gas chamber
3061:Karl Möckel
3046:Maria Mandl
3021:Rudolf Höss
3006:Otto Hantke
2895:Oswald Pohl
2885:Ernst Lerch
2696:Stanisławów
2606:Częstochowa
2496:Bronna Góra
2426:Gross-Rosen
2421:Auschwitz I
2095:Homosexuals
2036:Lagerführer
1921:Early camps
1858:Appellplatz
1754:Ravensbrück
1749:Niederhagen
1615:Gross-Rosen
1603:Flossenbürg
1550:Arbeitsdorf
1428:Krakow.wiki
720:Inheritance
527:mass graves
519:death march
511:Flossenburg
454:Punishments
429:Outside aid
387:Polish Jews
291:Great Danes
185:Polish Jews
123:Operational
97:Operated by
78:Other names
40: /
4399:Categories
3460:Irma Grese
3455:Paul Götze
3425:Luise Danz
3174:Physicians
2981:Kurt Franz
2830:Hans Frank
2798:Organizers
2742:Heidelager
2090:"Asocials"
2031:Commandant
1737:Neuengamme
1697:Mauthausen
1649:Kaiserwald
1579:Buchenwald
1543:Main camps
1172:Novac, Ana
1097:Crowe 2004
515:Mauthausen
499:KL Płaszow
474:Nazi Party
321:Luise Danz
295:Ukrainian
282:KL Plaszow
107:Commandant
25:50°01′51″N
4415:Amon Göth
4314:Memorials
4211:Aftermath
3978:Treblinka
3933:Auschwitz
3788:Treblinka
3773:Białystok
3761:Uprisings
3541:Treblinka
3386:Personnel
3154:Otto Moll
3144:Hans Koch
2996:Amon Göth
2727:Action T4
2691:Sosnowiec
2661:Nowy Sącz
2596:Białystok
2563:Szczuczyn
2511:Erntefest
2501:Bydgoszcz
2486:Białystok
2401:Treblinka
2277:Lithuania
2067:Prisoners
2051:Wehrmacht
2024:Personnel
1996:Selection
1972:Muselmann
1843:(Camp SS)
1555:Auschwitz
1479:from the
1196:952334811
541:Aftermath
503:Auschwitz
423:roll call
409:Auschwitz
301:from the
299:personnel
286:Auschwitz
270:Amon Göth
260:Personnel
240:main camp
230:from the
175:, in the
111:Amon Göth
83:‹See Tfd›
28:19°58′3″E
4157:Zyklon B
3973:Trawniki
3968:Stutthof
3953:Majdanek
2701:Tarnopol
2641:Lubartów
2553:Jedwabne
2456:Trawniki
2446:Stutthof
2436:Potulice
2379:Majdanek
2297:Slovakia
2000:Slogans
1967:Language
1811:Agencies
1795:subcamps
1783:subcamps
1778:Stutthof
1771:subcamps
1759:subcamps
1742:subcamps
1730:subcamps
1718:subcamps
1706:subcamps
1690:subcamps
1685:Majdanek
1678:subcamps
1666:subcamps
1654:subcamps
1642:subcamps
1631:subcamps
1620:subcamps
1608:subcamps
1596:subcamps
1584:subcamps
1572:subcamps
1560:subcamps
1434:18 April
1253:(1989).
1174:(1997).
707:See also
535:Red Army
507:Stutthof
303:Trawniki
197:Red Army
135:Red Army
4142:Gas van
3958:Sobibór
3895:Ghettos
3802:Leaders
3783:Sobibor
3536:Sobibor
3529:By camp
2676:Siedlce
2583:Ghettos
2568:Tykocin
2540:Pogroms
2526:Palmiry
2451:Szebnie
2396:Sobibor
2374:Chełmno
2302:Ukraine
2287:Romania
2267:Germany
2257:Estonia
2252:Denmark
2247:Croatia
2242:Belgium
2237:Belarus
1868:Subcamp
1790:Vaivara
1637:Hinzert
747:Germany
531:exhumed
523:Soviets
369:Płaszów
203:History
191:during
169:Płaszów
144:Płaszów
4254:Trials
4229:Bricha
3963:Soldau
3948:Izbica
3938:Bełżec
3917:Warsaw
3902:Kraków
3742:Żegota
2711:Warsaw
2686:Słonim
2681:Sambor
2656:Mizocz
2646:Lublin
2621:Kraków
2616:Kielce
2611:Grodno
2591:Będzin
2573:Wąsosz
2549:(1946)
2547:Kielce
2461:Warsaw
2441:Soldau
2391:Belzec
2292:Russia
2282:Norway
2272:Latvia
2262:France
1960:Yellow
1955:Purple
1935:Badges
1904:Topics
1890:Revier
1830:(DEST)
1802:Warsaw
1591:Dachau
1456:
1286:
1261:
1233:
1194:
1184:
1141:17 May
1069:17 May
1040:17 May
1011:
935:13 May
781:14 May
733:Portal
665:, 2008
402:zlotys
391:typhus
274:Vienna
264:Under
232:Ghetto
173:Kraków
159:was a
87:German
3926:Camps
3586:RKFDV
2706:Wilno
2671:Radom
2666:Pińsk
2601:Brest
2506:Dynów
2352:Camps
1940:Black
1701:Gusen
1661:Kauen
754:Notes
529:were
238:as a
155:) or
4369:List
3907:Łódź
3727:Bund
3591:VoMi
3581:WVHA
2636:Łódź
2626:Lwów
2558:Lviv
2105:Jews
2083:Kapo
1950:Pink
1933:and
1699:and
1454:ISBN
1436:2019
1284:ISBN
1259:ISBN
1231:ISBN
1192:OCLC
1182:ISBN
1143:2014
1071:2014
1042:2014
1009:ISBN
937:2014
783:2014
677:2013
638:2019
626:2012
501:for
323:and
228:Jews
3752:ŻZW
3747:ŻOB
3737:PKB
3722:AOB
367:in
179:of
167:in
4401::
3732:GL
3717:AK
3653:/
3649:,
3645:,
3641:,
3637:,
3633:,
3629:/
3625:,
3565:SS
2172:KL
1426:.
1204:^
1190:.
1104:^
1061:.
1044:.
945:^
900:^
865:^
847:^
816:^
791:^
762:^
513:,
509:,
505:,
327:.
319:,
313:SS
297:SS
242:.
165:SS
89::
4371:)
4367:(
4197:e
4190:t
4183:v
3697:e
3690:t
3683:v
3657:)
3621:(
3577:)
3573:(
3567:)
3563:(
2778:e
2771:t
2764:v
2632:)
2628:(
2338:e
2331:t
2324:v
2207:e
2200:t
2193:v
1945:P
1528:e
1521:t
1514:v
1462:.
1438:.
1292:.
1267:.
1239:.
1198:.
1145:.
1073:.
1017:.
939:.
785:.
735::
146:(
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