419:
53:
427:
787:
98:
78:
134:
437:
68:
411:
209:
564:. According to the 1931 Polish census, the town had a population of 19,877, with 8,428 Ukrainians, 6,904 Jews, 3,108 Poles and 883 Russians. In 1934, upon initiative of Ludwik Gronowski, teacher of the Kremenets High School, Volhynian School of Gliding Sokola Góra (Wołyńska Szkoła Szybowcowa Sokola Góra) was opened 14 kilometers from Kremenets, in the village of Kulików. Among its students was the daughter of
141:
105:
672:(enlightenment) in Eastern Europe in the period 1772 through 1781. By the end of the 19th century, Jews once again were active in the economic life of the town, primarily in the paper industry and as cobblers and carpenters. They exported their goods to other towns in Russia and Poland. Under Polish rule, in the early 1930s, two
657:– a false accusation dating back to the Middle Ages. The incident began when an unidentified corpse was found near an inn and curious townsfolk gathered around to view the body. When some Jews joined the crowd, the corpse supposedly began to bleed, thus supernaturally demonstrating their guilt. Twelve of the Jews confessed under
766:, where they later met their death. The vast majority of the ghetto inhabitants were rounded up and taken to trenches dug near a former army camp, and murdered. The Germans set the ghetto ablaze to drive out those in hiding. Societies of former residents of Kremenets function in Israel, the United States and Argentina.
645:
against the Polish land owners from 1648 through 1651, followed by the
Russian-Swedish wars against Poland-Lithuania from 1654 to 1656, devastated the Jewish population of western Ukraine. Many Jews, many of whom were stewards of magnates, were murdered, while others fled. Jews were not allowed to
590:
During the restoration of
Ukrainian statehood in 1991, was restored Kremenets Botanical Garden (1991), created Kremenetsko-Pochaivskiy State Historical-Architectural Reserve (2001), opened Kremenetskiy Regional Humanitarian Pedagogical Institute n. Shevchenko (2002), Kremenetskiy Regional Museum
575:
In
September 1939, the Polish government was temporarily located in Kremenets, which during this time was subject to heavy aerial bombing until captured by invading Soviet forces on 17 September. By then the government had evacuated Kremenets and was on its way to neutral Romania.
735:
ordered all Jews with academic status to report for registration. All those who did so were murdered, and the Jewish community's leadership was destroyed. That month the
Germans set fire to the main synagogue and exacted a fine of 11 kg. of gold from the community.
52:
2071:
1947:
2056:
2012:
747:
was murdered for his refusal to collaborate with the Nazis. At the end of
January 1942 a ghetto was established and on March 1 was closed off from the rest of the city. The inmates endured great hardship and there was a serious shortage of water.
418:
598:
and did not belong to
Kremenets Raion even though it was the center of the raion. As part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three, the city was merged into Kremenets Raion.
1988:
2000:
769:
Although the Jewish presence in
Kremenets was physically destroyed, the memory of Jewish Kremenetsers lived on. In the postwar years, those who successfully emigrated before the onset of hostilities, survivors of the
805:
museum. The museum was opened in 2002, with financial help of the government of Poland, which provided one million dollars for the project. There is also a large sugar refinery, but the plant was closed during the
579:
On July 28, 1941, most of the teachers of the
Krzemieniec High School were arrested by the Germans, who used a list provided to them by local Ukrainians. By the end of the month, 30 teachers and members of Polish
687:
The Soviet authorities annexed the town on
September 22, 1939. In the spring of 1940, the refugees from western Poland were obliged to register with the authorities and to declare whether they wished to take up
451:. The first documented reference to the fortress is given in a Polish encyclopedic dictionary written in 1064. The first reference to Kremenets in Old Slavic literature dates from 1226 when the city's ruler,
1942:
2141:
2024:
2007:
1983:
646:
rebuild their destroyed homes. Kremenets never again regained its former importance. All that was left as the
Russians took control in 1793 was "an impoverished community of petty traders and craftsmen."
2146:
2136:
696:
leaders were forced to move to other cities to keep their past activities from the knowledge of the authorities. By 1941 the Jewish population had increased to over 15,000 including over 4,000 refugees.
2131:
1995:
508:
surrounded the Kremenets fortress. In October, after a six-week siege, the royal garrison surrendered. As a consequence of the fighting, the fortress was severely damaged and was never rebuilt.
2019:
1876:
426:
613:
Jews are known to have settled in the Kremenets area as early as 1438, when the Grand Duke of Lithuania gave them a charter. However, in 1495, Lithuania expelled its Jews until 1503. A Polish
705:
The Nazis destroyed the Jewish community of Kremenets. Except for those who left Kremenets before the war and 14 survivors, all 15,000 Jews who lived in Kremenets in 1941 were murdered.
858:
from October 12, 1992 declared the Kremenets Botanical Garden as a protected area of national importance, which aims are to preserve, study, acclimate rare and common flora.
2151:
2096:
758:
On August 10, 1942, the Germans initiated a two-week-long Aktion to annihilate the Jews of the Kremenets Ghetto, Fifteen hundred able-bodied persons were dispatched as
2101:
2061:
2041:
1180:Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность городского населения союзных республик, их территориальных единиц, городских поселений и городских районов по полу
2161:
2036:
1164:
921:
727:"A few days after the German-Soviet war broke out (June 22, 1941) the Germans reached the area. Hundreds of young Jews managed to flee to the Soviet Union. A
1976:
661:(placed on the rack and burned with red-hot irons). Most were gruesomely executed by being flayed, quartered and impaled while still alive, by orders of the
1003:
1145:
2237:
2111:
1971:
2091:
1883:
976:
2176:
2121:
2076:
988:
2232:
2126:
1937:
790:
744:
713:
2191:
828:
620:
The Jewish community expanded and prospered through the 16th century. Around the middle of the century, rabbinical representatives of the
2166:
591:
Juliusz Slowacki (2003), increasing the flow of tourists. In 1991 at the Teachers College Shevchenko created a modern Kremenets Lyceum.
169:
2181:
2086:
624:
of Poland began gathering at the great Fairs to conduct the business of the Jewish communities. These conferences became known as the
2186:
2171:
2106:
2066:
1954:
1925:
1403:
2156:
2051:
2242:
1535:
595:
97:
1690:
797:
Today the economy of Kremenets is supported by Orthodox pilgrims who come to visit the cathedrals, the nunnery, and the nearby
755:
in the provincial towns. On July 22, 1942, there was armed resistance by the Jews of the Kremenets ghetto against the Germans.
550:
1590:
1354:
1412:
1141:
1161:
2222:
1650:
1097:
807:
456:
2217:
1869:
1745:
608:
133:
1915:
1695:
1630:
1127:
855:
447:
According to some sources the Kremenets fortress was built in the 8th or 9th century, and later became a part of
1700:
1345:
886:
539:
20:
77:
1710:
1600:
1396:
1271:
2081:
1520:
1495:
1959:
1930:
1725:
1720:
1555:
1525:
1490:
1467:
1680:
1595:
1062:
851:
717:
692:
or return to their former homes, now under German occupation. Jewish communal life was forbidden, and
2227:
1755:
1715:
1705:
1685:
1675:
1565:
1560:
1550:
1530:
1367:
1037:
854:, founded in 1806, making it one of the oldest botanical gardens in the country. A resolution of the
625:
516:
325:
43:
2116:
2046:
1665:
1640:
1625:
1605:
1575:
1545:
1540:
1389:
1216:
834:
201:
1892:
1740:
1620:
1570:
1500:
1480:
1475:
1361:
392:
353:
250:
1056:
786:
731:
broke out in early July 1941, where 800 men, women and children were killed. In August 1941 the
1670:
1585:
1580:
1515:
940:
931:
845:
538:
During 1917-1920 Kremenets 7 times passed from hand to hand. The authorities Ukrainian state –
1381:
1087:
67:
1901:
1730:
1660:
1635:
1510:
1505:
1425:
557:
524:
440:
372:
1735:
1655:
1645:
1615:
1610:
1350:
1321:
635:
295:
1009:
837:
Roman Catholic church, built in 1853–1857, with a monument of Juliusz Slowacki inside. In
569:
8:
955:
824:
994:
802:
653:
trial in which 14 Jews were accused of murdering a Christian to obtain blood for making
2212:
1485:
1019:
970:
964:
935:
898:
882:
820:
472:
464:
380:
316:
221:
844:
female Orthodox monastery, which continues the traditions of a 1636 monastery. In the
565:
1439:
1093:
1015:
520:
452:
233:
1966:
1229:
949:
908:
873:
476:
430:
388:
344:
985:– poet and resistance fighter, murdered by Ukrainian nationalists on July 10, 1943
1452:
1416:
1168:
959:
488:
484:
480:
376:
364:
336:
238:
226:
118:
1192:"Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ"
1179:
676:
periodicals were published. They merged in 1933 into a single weekly newspaper,
436:
1457:
1447:
1113:
927:
892:
798:
581:
561:
528:
512:
505:
448:
2206:
1376:
982:
763:
759:
709:
689:
546:
184:
171:
1803:
924:– physician and patriotic activist, graduate of the Krzemieniec high school
838:
751:
In the summer of 1942, the Germans began the systematic liquidation of the
556:
In the interwar period, Kremenets was famous for its renowned high school,
1861:
1840:
1788:
1191:
1043:
998:
668:
Jewish life gradually revived and Kremenets became a secondary center of
650:
532:
841:, it served as a gym, currently it belongs to Ukrainian Orthodox Church,
1828:
1783:
662:
410:
1808:
1768:
1763:
1371:
877:
771:
617:, however, operated in Kremenets during the 15th and 16th centuries.
502:
468:
460:
283:
1085:
1834:
1798:
1778:
1430:
1031:
740:
721:
669:
642:
455:, defeated the Hungarian army of King Andrew II nearby. During the
384:
1219:(in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.
2031:
1845:
1813:
1773:
944:
823:. Designed by Jesuit architect Paweł Gizycki, and founded by the
732:
693:
673:
658:
639:
614:
499:
396:
368:
245:
214:
414:
Former Franciscan abbey and the castle on Bona Hill in Kremenets
1850:
1823:
1818:
1411:
1249:
827:, it was built in 1731–1753, and among others, consists of the
775:
752:
728:
654:
629:
584:
were murdered at the so-called Hill of Crosses (Góra Krzyżów).
1134:
Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022
379:, and lies 18 kilometres (11 mi) north-east of the great
621:
1346:
Illustrated guide of Krzemieniec, published in Lutsk in 1929
1916:
1006:– mother of Juliusz Slowacki, buried at the local cemetery
19:"Krzemieniec" redirects here. For the Polish village, see
902:
1296:
1294:
1106:
330:
1129:Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022
958:– oppositional activist in Communist Poland, wife of
819:
complex of a former Jesuit college, which housed the
649:
In 1747, Kremenets was the site of a well-publicized
517:
Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
358:
1355:
Kremenets in Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 2 (1989).
1291:
1065:(1773-1854), English printmaker, lived and died here
459:in 1240–1241, Kremenets was one of few cities that
594:Until 18 July 2020, Kremenets was designated as a
587:In January 1989 the population was 24 570 people.
383:. The city is situated in the historic region of
2204:
848:, it was the seat of Orthodox Volhynian Bishops.
712:"C" carried out a mass slaughter of Jews in the
1116:(in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України.
1086:Andrew Evans; Massimiliano Di Pasquale (2013).
967:– Baroque era architect, painter, Jesuit priest
791:Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)
716:Wolhynien-Podolien District, which was part of
549:, the town returned to Poland, and was part of
463:failed to capture. In 1382, after the death of
1877:
1397:
1308:
1306:
1120:
930:– social activist, historian, born in nearby
542:– it was subject to early 1918 to June 1919.
1891:
911:– artist, graphic artist, and public figure
801:as well as by Polish tourists visiting the
2238:Cities of district significance in Ukraine
1884:
1870:
1404:
1390:
1303:
778:Books and a series of memorial Bulletins.
785:
435:
425:
417:
409:
1081:
1079:
57:Kremenets panorama from the Castle Hill
2233:Historic Jewish communities in Ukraine
2205:
1261:Simon Wiesenthal, Encyclopedia Judaica
774:, and their descendants published two
628:. Volhynian representatives were from
1865:
1385:
813:
511:In 1795 Kremenets was annexed by the
1092:. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 216.
1076:
602:
265:20.76 km (8.02 sq mi)
1377:Photo gallery of the city from 2018
1142:State Statistics Service of Ukraine
991:– poet, social activist and teacher
348:
13:
1140:(in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv:
14:
2254:
1339:
1151:from the original on 4 July 2022.
862:
391:. It hosts the administration of
140:
104:
609:History of the Jews in Lithuania
479:in 1431, and in 1569, after the
207:
139:
132:
103:
96:
76:
66:
51:
26:City in Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine
16:City in Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine
1326:
1315:
1282:
1264:
1255:
1243:
1114:"Кременецкая городская громада"
856:Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine
829:Saint Ignatius of Loyola church
720:. The District included all of
2243:Holocaust locations in Ukraine
1234:
1223:
1209:
1184:
1173:
1155:
1040:- composer and choral director
387:and features the 12th-century
21:Krzemieniec, Opole Voivodeship
1:
1069:
895:– armwrestler, world champion
885:– general in the army of the
808:financial crisis of 2007–2010
1217:"Нові райони: карти + склад"
943:– geologist and explorer of
867:
700:
471:captured Kremenets from the
7:
1018:– mathematician, rector of
887:Ukrainian People's Republic
596:city of oblast significance
540:Ukrainian People's Republic
359:
331:
123:Show map of Ternopil Oblast
10:
2259:
1198:(in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18
1063:Joseph Saunders (engraver)
952:– photographer and teacher
852:Kremenets Botanical Garden
781:
718:Reichskommissariat Ukraine
606:
405:
18:
2223:Cities in Ternopil Oblast
1914:
1899:
1754:
1466:
1438:
1423:
1276:kehilalinks.jewishgen.org
708:In June 1941, the German
626:Council of the Four Lands
320:
306:
292:
282:
274:
269:
261:
256:
244:
232:
220:
200:
165:
90:
62:
50:
41:
31:
1413:Administrative divisions
1128:
1050:
1034:– mathematical physicist
915:
835:Stanislaus of Szczepanow
399:of Ukraine. Population:
35:
2218:Kremenets urban hromada
1893:Kremenets urban hromada
1362:Encyclopedia of Ukraine
1272:"Learn about Kremenets"
1025:
973:– master of photography
876:– Secretary-General of
743:was imposed. The head,
457:Mongol invasion of Rus'
401:20,476 (2022 estimate).
393:Kremenets urban hromada
251:Kremenets urban hromada
1252:, vol. I, pp. 109–110.
941:Aleksander Czekanowski
846:Second Polish Republic
794:
492:
444:
433:
423:
415:
340:
1902:Administrative center
1426:Administrative center
1312:Encyclopedia Judaica.
979:– poet and translator
789:
560:, founded in 1803 by
558:Liceum Krzemienieckie
551:Volhynian Voivodeship
525:Volhynian Governorate
441:Saint Ignatius Loyola
439:
429:
421:
413:
373:administrative center
332:Kremenets, Kremianets
321:Кременець, Крем'янець
294: • Summer (
185:50.10806°N 25.72750°E
1332:JewishGen: Holocaust
1322:Encyclopedia Judaica
1300:Encyclopedia Judaica
1057:José Antonio Saravia
922:Jozef Antoni Beaupre
498:In the fall of 1648
483:, it became part of
475:. The city obtained
1691:Velyka Berezovytsia
1351:Volodymyr Kubijovyč
956:Joanna Duda-Gwiazda
825:Wisniowiecki family
665:civil authorities.
545:In 1921, following
519:. It was a town in
181: /
156:Show map of Ukraine
153:Kremenets (Ukraine)
1591:Melnytsia-Podilska
1368:Kremenets, Ukraine
1167:2021-10-18 at the
1020:Wroclaw University
971:Henryk Hermanowicz
936:Krzemieniec Lyceum
899:Vitaliy Shumbarets
883:Oleksander Osetsky
821:Krzemieniec Lyceum
814:Points of interest
795:
690:Soviet citizenship
473:Kingdom of Hungary
467:, Lithuanian duke
465:Louis I of Hungary
445:
434:
424:
416:
381:Pochayiv Monastery
275: • Total
262: • Total
190:50.10806; 25.72750
2200:
2199:
1859:
1858:
1046:– violin virtuoso
1016:Kazimierz Urbanik
1010:Stanisław Sheybal
934:, founder of the
603:Jews of Kremenets
570:Jadwiga Piłsudska
521:Kremenetsky Uyezd
453:Mstislav the Bold
357:
329:
310:
309:
2250:
2228:Ghetto uprisings
2028:
2016:
2004:
1992:
1980:
1972:Velyki Mlynivtsi
1967:Velyki Berezhtsi
1963:
1951:
1934:
1918:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1863:
1862:
1701:Velyki Dederkaly
1406:
1399:
1392:
1383:
1382:
1359:
1333:
1330:
1324:
1319:
1313:
1310:
1301:
1298:
1289:
1288:Barnavi, p. 177.
1286:
1280:
1279:
1268:
1262:
1259:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1240:Barnavi, p. 143.
1238:
1232:
1230:Simon Wiesenthal
1227:
1221:
1220:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1203:
1188:
1182:
1177:
1171:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1139:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1083:
1004:Salomea Słowacka
995:Juliusz Słowacki
950:Ludwik Gronowski
909:Rostyslav Hluvko
874:Dmitry Manuilsky
803:Juliusz Słowacki
678:Kremenitser Lebn
477:Magdeburg rights
431:Kremenets Castle
422:Epiphany Convent
402:
389:Kremenets Castle
362:
352:
350:
334:
324:
322:
299:
213:
211:
210:
196:
195:
193:
192:
191:
186:
182:
179:
178:
177:
174:
157:
143:
142:
136:
124:
107:
106:
100:
80:
70:
55:
29:
28:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2022:
2010:
1998:
1986:
1974:
1957:
1945:
1928:
1910:
1895:
1890:
1860:
1855:
1750:
1462:
1434:
1419:
1417:Ternopil Oblast
1410:
1357:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1320:
1316:
1311:
1304:
1299:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1256:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1228:
1224:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1201:
1199:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1178:
1174:
1169:Wayback Machine
1160:
1156:
1148:
1137:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1100:
1084:
1077:
1072:
1053:
1028:
977:Jerzy Litwiniuk
960:Andrzej Gwiazda
918:
870:
865:
816:
784:
703:
632:and Kremenets.
611:
605:
566:Jozef Piłsudski
485:Crown of Poland
481:Union of Lublin
408:
400:
377:Kremenets Raion
365:Ternopil Oblast
363:) is a city in
293:
239:Kremenets Raion
227:Ternopil Oblast
208:
206:
189:
187:
183:
180:
175:
172:
170:
168:
167:
161:
160:
159:
158:
155:
154:
151:
150:
149:
148:
144:
127:
126:
125:
122:
121:
119:Ternopil Oblast
115:
114:
113:
112:
108:
86:
85:
84:
83:
74:
73:
58:
46:
37:
34:
27:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2256:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2177:Staryi Kokoriv
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2122:Mali Berezhtsi
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2017:
2005:
1993:
1981:
1969:
1964:
1952:
1940:
1935:
1922:
1920:
1912:
1911:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1889:
1888:
1881:
1874:
1866:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
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1946: [
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1706:Velyki Hayi
1686:Vasylkivtsi
1551:Kopychyntsi
1531:Ivane-Puste
1044:Isaac Stern
651:blood libel
636:Khmelnytsky
533:World War I
493:Krzemieniec
487:, known as
449:Kievan Rus'
341:Krzemieniec
188: /
2207:Categories
2192:Shpykolosy
2072:Ivankivtsi
1943:Bohdanivka
1829:Terebovlia
1784:Khorostkiv
1741:Zolotnyky
1711:Vyshnivets
1666:Terebovlia
1641:Saranchuky
1626:Pidhorodne
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1601:Mykulyntsi
1576:Kupchyntsi
1546:Kolyndiany
1541:Khorostkiv
1202:2020-10-03
1070:References
607:See also:
553:(Wołyń) .
367:, western
270:Population
176:25°43′39″E
173:50°06′29″N
2213:Kremenets
2167:Savchytsi
2152:Pidlistsi
2142:Pidhaitsi
2097:Kudlaivka
2008:Veselivka
1984:Verbytsia
1907:Kremenets
1809:Pidhaitsi
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1481:Berezhany
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1372:JewishGen
1059:- general
878:Comintern
868:Ukrainian
772:Holocaust
701:Holocaust
663:Christian
469:Liubartas
461:Batu Khan
360:Kremenits
354:romanized
326:romanized
317:Ukrainian
313:Kremenets
284:Time zone
147:Kremenets
111:Kremenets
36:Кременець
33:Kremenets
2182:Khotivka
2147:Pidlisne
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1917:Villages
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1458:Ternopil
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1431:Ternopil
1165:Archived
1146:Archived
1032:Mark Kac
741:Judenrat
722:Volhynia
670:Haskalah
643:uprising
397:hromadas
385:Volhynia
349:קרעמעניץ
2187:Chuhali
2172:Sapaniv
2117:Lishnia
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2067:Zeblazy
2062:Zholoby
2057:Dibrova
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2042:Dvirets
2032:Horynka
1955:Bonivka
1926:Andruha
1904::
1846:Zbarazh
1814:Pochaiv
1774:Buchach
1731:Zbarazh
1661:Skoryky
1636:Pochaiv
1511:Buchach
1428::
1089:Ukraine
945:Siberia
782:Economy
753:ghettos
733:Gestapo
694:Zionist
674:Yiddish
659:torture
640:Cossack
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527:of the
523:of the
503:Colonel
500:Cossack
406:History
375:of the
369:Ukraine
356::
345:Yiddish
328::
246:Hromada
215:Ukraine
202:Country
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2132:Ploske
2092:Kryzhy
2052:Dukhiv
1996:Vesela
1851:Zboriv
1824:Skalat
1819:Shumsk
1756:Cities
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1656:Skalat
1646:Shumsk
1616:Ozerna
1611:Naraiv
1566:Kozova
1561:Kozliv
1440:Raions
1250:Dubnow
1136:]
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932:Poryck
905:jumper
776:Yizkor
729:pogrom
630:Ostroh
622:Qahals
531:until
489:Polish
443:Church
337:Polish
278:20 476
222:Oblast
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2162:Rudka
2037:Hrada
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1149:(PDF)
1138:(PDF)
1132:[
1051:Other
916:Poles
889:(UNR)
655:matzo
302:UTC+3
288:UTC+2
234:Raion
2077:Ikva
1486:Bila
1094:ISBN
1026:Jews
257:Area
72:Flag
44:City
2020:Hai
1415:of
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638:'s
296:DST
2209::
2025:uk
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1977:uk
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