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Kremenets

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419: 53: 427: 787: 98: 78: 134: 437: 68: 411: 209: 564:. According to the 1931 Polish census, the town had a population of 19,877, with 8,428 Ukrainians, 6,904 Jews, 3,108 Poles and 883 Russians. In 1934, upon initiative of Ludwik Gronowski, teacher of the Kremenets High School, Volhynian School of Gliding Sokola Góra (Wołyńska Szkoła Szybowcowa Sokola Góra) was opened 14 kilometers from Kremenets, in the village of Kulików. Among its students was the daughter of 141: 105: 672:(enlightenment) in Eastern Europe in the period 1772 through 1781. By the end of the 19th century, Jews once again were active in the economic life of the town, primarily in the paper industry and as cobblers and carpenters. They exported their goods to other towns in Russia and Poland. Under Polish rule, in the early 1930s, two 657:– a false accusation dating back to the Middle Ages. The incident began when an unidentified corpse was found near an inn and curious townsfolk gathered around to view the body. When some Jews joined the crowd, the corpse supposedly began to bleed, thus supernaturally demonstrating their guilt. Twelve of the Jews confessed under 766:, where they later met their death. The vast majority of the ghetto inhabitants were rounded up and taken to trenches dug near a former army camp, and murdered. The Germans set the ghetto ablaze to drive out those in hiding. Societies of former residents of Kremenets function in Israel, the United States and Argentina. 645:
against the Polish land owners from 1648 through 1651, followed by the Russian-Swedish wars against Poland-Lithuania from 1654 to 1656, devastated the Jewish population of western Ukraine. Many Jews, many of whom were stewards of magnates, were murdered, while others fled. Jews were not allowed to
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During the restoration of Ukrainian statehood in 1991, was restored Kremenets Botanical Garden (1991), created Kremenetsko-Pochaivskiy State Historical-Architectural Reserve (2001), opened Kremenetskiy Regional Humanitarian Pedagogical Institute n. Shevchenko (2002), Kremenetskiy Regional Museum
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In September 1939, the Polish government was temporarily located in Kremenets, which during this time was subject to heavy aerial bombing until captured by invading Soviet forces on 17 September. By then the government had evacuated Kremenets and was on its way to neutral Romania.
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ordered all Jews with academic status to report for registration. All those who did so were murdered, and the Jewish community's leadership was destroyed. That month the Germans set fire to the main synagogue and exacted a fine of 11 kg. of gold from the community.
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was murdered for his refusal to collaborate with the Nazis. At the end of January 1942 a ghetto was established and on March 1 was closed off from the rest of the city. The inmates endured great hardship and there was a serious shortage of water.
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and did not belong to Kremenets Raion even though it was the center of the raion. As part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three, the city was merged into Kremenets Raion.
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Although the Jewish presence in Kremenets was physically destroyed, the memory of Jewish Kremenetsers lived on. In the postwar years, those who successfully emigrated before the onset of hostilities, survivors of the
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museum. The museum was opened in 2002, with financial help of the government of Poland, which provided one million dollars for the project. There is also a large sugar refinery, but the plant was closed during the
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On July 28, 1941, most of the teachers of the Krzemieniec High School were arrested by the Germans, who used a list provided to them by local Ukrainians. By the end of the month, 30 teachers and members of Polish
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The Soviet authorities annexed the town on September 22, 1939. In the spring of 1940, the refugees from western Poland were obliged to register with the authorities and to declare whether they wished to take up
451:. The first documented reference to the fortress is given in a Polish encyclopedic dictionary written in 1064. The first reference to Kremenets in Old Slavic literature dates from 1226 when the city's ruler, 1942: 2141: 2024: 2007: 1983: 646:
rebuild their destroyed homes. Kremenets never again regained its former importance. All that was left as the Russians took control in 1793 was "an impoverished community of petty traders and craftsmen."
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leaders were forced to move to other cities to keep their past activities from the knowledge of the authorities. By 1941 the Jewish population had increased to over 15,000 including over 4,000 refugees.
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surrounded the Kremenets fortress. In October, after a six-week siege, the royal garrison surrendered. As a consequence of the fighting, the fortress was severely damaged and was never rebuilt.
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Jews are known to have settled in the Kremenets area as early as 1438, when the Grand Duke of Lithuania gave them a charter. However, in 1495, Lithuania expelled its Jews until 1503. A Polish
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The Nazis destroyed the Jewish community of Kremenets. Except for those who left Kremenets before the war and 14 survivors, all 15,000 Jews who lived in Kremenets in 1941 were murdered.
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from October 12, 1992 declared the Kremenets Botanical Garden as a protected area of national importance, which aims are to preserve, study, acclimate rare and common flora.
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On August 10, 1942, the Germans initiated a two-week-long Aktion to annihilate the Jews of the Kremenets Ghetto, Fifteen hundred able-bodied persons were dispatched as
2101: 2061: 2041: 1180:Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность городского населения союзных республик, их территориальных единиц, городских поселений и городских районов по полу 2161: 2036: 1164: 921: 727:"A few days after the German-Soviet war broke out (June 22, 1941) the Germans reached the area. Hundreds of young Jews managed to flee to the Soviet Union. A 1976: 661:(placed on the rack and burned with red-hot irons). Most were gruesomely executed by being flayed, quartered and impaled while still alive, by orders of the 1003: 1145: 2237: 2111: 1971: 2091: 1883: 976: 2176: 2121: 2076: 988: 2232: 2126: 1937: 790: 744: 713: 2191: 828: 620:
The Jewish community expanded and prospered through the 16th century. Around the middle of the century, rabbinical representatives of the
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Juliusz Slowacki (2003), increasing the flow of tourists. In 1991 at the Teachers College Shevchenko created a modern Kremenets Lyceum.
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of Poland began gathering at the great Fairs to conduct the business of the Jewish communities. These conferences became known as the
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Today the economy of Kremenets is supported by Orthodox pilgrims who come to visit the cathedrals, the nunnery, and the nearby
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in the provincial towns. On July 22, 1942, there was armed resistance by the Jews of the Kremenets ghetto against the Germans.
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According to some sources the Kremenets fortress was built in the 8th or 9th century, and later became a part of
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or return to their former homes, now under German occupation. Jewish communal life was forbidden, and
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broke out in early July 1941, where 800 men, women and children were killed. In August 1941 the
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During 1917-1920 Kremenets 7 times passed from hand to hand. The authorities Ukrainian state –
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Roman Catholic church, built in 1853–1857, with a monument of Juliusz Slowacki inside. In
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trial in which 14 Jews were accused of murdering a Christian to obtain blood for making
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female Orthodox monastery, which continues the traditions of a 1636 monastery. In the
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periodicals were published. They merged in 1933 into a single weekly newspaper,
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In the summer of 1942, the Germans began the systematic liquidation of the
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In the interwar period, Kremenets was famous for its renowned high school,
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Jewish life gradually revived and Kremenets became a secondary center of
650: 532: 841:, it served as a gym, currently it belongs to Ukrainian Orthodox Church, 1828: 1783: 662: 410: 1808: 1768: 1763: 1371: 877: 771: 617:, however, operated in Kremenets during the 15th and 16th centuries. 502: 468: 460: 283: 1085: 1834: 1798: 1778: 1430: 1031: 740: 721: 669: 642: 455:, defeated the Hungarian army of King Andrew II nearby. During the 384: 1219:(in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України. 2031: 1845: 1813: 1773: 944: 823:. Designed by Jesuit architect Paweł Gizycki, and founded by the 732: 693: 673: 658: 639: 614: 499: 396: 368: 245: 214: 414:
Former Franciscan abbey and the castle on Bona Hill in Kremenets
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were murdered at the so-called Hill of Crosses (Góra Krzyżów).
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Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022
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Illustrated guide of Krzemieniec, published in Lutsk in 1929
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complex of a former Jesuit college, which housed the
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In 1747, Kremenets was the site of a well-publicized
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Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
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Kremenets in Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 2 (1989).
1291: 1065:(1773-1854), English printmaker, lived and died here 459:in 1240–1241, Kremenets was one of few cities that 594:Until 18 July 2020, Kremenets was designated as a 587:In January 1989 the population was 24 570 people. 383:. The city is situated in the historic region of 2204: 848:, it was the seat of Orthodox Volhynian Bishops. 712:"C" carried out a mass slaughter of Jews in the 1116:(in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України. 1086:Andrew Evans; Massimiliano Di Pasquale (2013). 967:– Baroque era architect, painter, Jesuit priest 791:Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate) 716:Wolhynien-Podolien District, which was part of 549:, the town returned to Poland, and was part of 463:failed to capture. In 1382, after the death of 1877: 1397: 1308: 1306: 1120: 930:– social activist, historian, born in nearby 542:– it was subject to early 1918 to June 1919. 1891: 911:– artist, graphic artist, and public figure 801:as well as by Polish tourists visiting the 2238:Cities of district significance in Ukraine 1884: 1870: 1404: 1390: 1303: 778:Books and a series of memorial Bulletins. 785: 435: 425: 417: 409: 1081: 1079: 57:Kremenets panorama from the Castle Hill 2233:Historic Jewish communities in Ukraine 2205: 1261:Simon Wiesenthal, Encyclopedia Judaica 774:, and their descendants published two 628:. Volhynian representatives were from 1865: 1385: 813: 511:In 1795 Kremenets was annexed by the 1092:. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 216. 1076: 602: 265:20.76 km (8.02 sq mi) 1377:Photo gallery of the city from 2018 1142:State Statistics Service of Ukraine 991:– poet, social activist and teacher 348: 13: 1140:(in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: 14: 2254: 1339: 1151:from the original on 4 July 2022. 862: 391:. It hosts the administration of 140: 104: 609:History of the Jews in Lithuania 479:in 1431, and in 1569, after the 207: 139: 132: 103: 96: 76: 66: 51: 26:City in Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine 16:City in Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine 1326: 1315: 1282: 1264: 1255: 1243: 1114:"Кременецкая городская громада" 856:Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine 829:Saint Ignatius of Loyola church 720:. The District included all of 2243:Holocaust locations in Ukraine 1234: 1223: 1209: 1184: 1173: 1155: 1040:- composer and choral director 387:and features the 12th-century 21:Krzemieniec, Opole Voivodeship 1: 1069: 895:– armwrestler, world champion 885:– general in the army of the 808:financial crisis of 2007–2010 1217:"Нові райони: карти + склад" 943:– geologist and explorer of 867: 700: 471:captured Kremenets from the 7: 1018:– mathematician, rector of 887:Ukrainian People's Republic 596:city of oblast significance 540:Ukrainian People's Republic 359: 331: 123:Show map of Ternopil Oblast 10: 2259: 1198:(in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18 1063:Joseph Saunders (engraver) 952:– photographer and teacher 852:Kremenets Botanical Garden 781: 718:Reichskommissariat Ukraine 606: 405: 18: 2223:Cities in Ternopil Oblast 1914: 1899: 1754: 1466: 1438: 1423: 1276:kehilalinks.jewishgen.org 708:In June 1941, the German 626:Council of the Four Lands 320: 306: 292: 282: 274: 269: 261: 256: 244: 232: 220: 200: 165: 90: 62: 50: 41: 31: 1413:Administrative divisions 1128: 1050: 1034:– mathematical physicist 915: 835:Stanislaus of Szczepanow 399:of Ukraine. Population: 35: 2218:Kremenets urban hromada 1893:Kremenets urban hromada 1362:Encyclopedia of Ukraine 1272:"Learn about Kremenets" 1025: 973:– master of photography 876:– Secretary-General of 743:was imposed. The head, 457:Mongol invasion of Rus' 401:20,476 (2022 estimate). 393:Kremenets urban hromada 251:Kremenets urban hromada 1252:, vol. I, pp. 109–110. 941:Aleksander Czekanowski 846:Second Polish Republic 794: 492: 444: 433: 423: 415: 340: 1902:Administrative center 1426:Administrative center 1312:Encyclopedia Judaica. 979:– poet and translator 789: 560:, founded in 1803 by 558:Liceum Krzemienieckie 551:Volhynian Voivodeship 525:Volhynian Governorate 441:Saint Ignatius Loyola 439: 429: 421: 413: 373:administrative center 332:Kremenets, Kremianets 321:Кременець, Крем'янець 294: • Summer ( 185:50.10806°N 25.72750°E 1332:JewishGen: Holocaust 1322:Encyclopedia Judaica 1300:Encyclopedia Judaica 1057:José Antonio Saravia 922:Jozef Antoni Beaupre 498:In the fall of 1648 483:, it became part of 475:. The city obtained 1691:Velyka Berezovytsia 1351:Volodymyr Kubijovyč 956:Joanna Duda-Gwiazda 825:Wisniowiecki family 665:civil authorities. 545:In 1921, following 519:. It was a town in 181: /  156:Show map of Ukraine 153:Kremenets (Ukraine) 1591:Melnytsia-Podilska 1368:Kremenets, Ukraine 1167:2021-10-18 at the 1020:Wroclaw University 971:Henryk Hermanowicz 936:Krzemieniec Lyceum 899:Vitaliy Shumbarets 883:Oleksander Osetsky 821:Krzemieniec Lyceum 814:Points of interest 795: 690:Soviet citizenship 473:Kingdom of Hungary 467:, Lithuanian duke 465:Louis I of Hungary 445: 434: 424: 416: 381:Pochayiv Monastery 275: • Total 262: • Total 190:50.10806; 25.72750 2200: 2199: 1859: 1858: 1046:– violin virtuoso 1016:Kazimierz Urbanik 1010:Stanisław Sheybal 934:, founder of the 603:Jews of Kremenets 570:Jadwiga Piłsudska 521:Kremenetsky Uyezd 453:Mstislav the Bold 357: 329: 310: 309: 2250: 2228:Ghetto uprisings 2028: 2016: 2004: 1992: 1980: 1972:Velyki Mlynivtsi 1967:Velyki Berezhtsi 1963: 1951: 1934: 1918: 1886: 1879: 1872: 1863: 1862: 1701:Velyki Dederkaly 1406: 1399: 1392: 1383: 1382: 1359: 1333: 1330: 1324: 1319: 1313: 1310: 1301: 1298: 1289: 1288:Barnavi, p. 177. 1286: 1280: 1279: 1268: 1262: 1259: 1253: 1247: 1241: 1240:Barnavi, p. 143. 1238: 1232: 1230:Simon Wiesenthal 1227: 1221: 1220: 1213: 1207: 1206: 1204: 1203: 1188: 1182: 1177: 1171: 1159: 1153: 1152: 1150: 1139: 1124: 1118: 1117: 1110: 1104: 1103: 1083: 1004:Salomea Słowacka 995:Juliusz Słowacki 950:Ludwik Gronowski 909:Rostyslav Hluvko 874:Dmitry Manuilsky 803:Juliusz Słowacki 678:Kremenitser Lebn 477:Magdeburg rights 431:Kremenets Castle 422:Epiphany Convent 402: 389:Kremenets Castle 362: 352: 350: 334: 324: 322: 299: 213: 211: 210: 196: 195: 193: 192: 191: 186: 182: 179: 178: 177: 174: 157: 143: 142: 136: 124: 107: 106: 100: 80: 70: 55: 29: 28: 2258: 2257: 2253: 2252: 2251: 2249: 2248: 2247: 2203: 2202: 2201: 2196: 2022: 2010: 1998: 1986: 1974: 1957: 1945: 1928: 1910: 1895: 1890: 1860: 1855: 1750: 1462: 1434: 1419: 1417:Ternopil Oblast 1410: 1357: 1342: 1337: 1336: 1331: 1327: 1320: 1316: 1311: 1304: 1299: 1292: 1287: 1283: 1270: 1269: 1265: 1260: 1256: 1248: 1244: 1239: 1235: 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600: 597: 592: 588: 585: 583: 577: 573: 571: 567: 563: 559: 554: 552: 548: 547:Peace of Riga 543: 541: 536: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 509: 507: 504: 501: 496: 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 442: 438: 432: 428: 420: 412: 403: 398: 395:, one of the 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 370: 366: 361: 355: 346: 342: 338: 333: 327: 318: 314: 305: 301: 297: 291: 287: 285: 281: 277: 273: 268: 264: 260: 255: 252: 249: 247: 243: 240: 237: 235: 231: 228: 225: 223: 219: 216: 205: 203: 199: 194: 166:Coordinates: 164: 135: 120: 117:Kremenets in 99: 89: 79: 69: 61: 54: 49: 45: 40: 30: 22: 1906: 1905: 1833: 1804:Monastyryska 1793: 1696:Velyki Birky 1681:Trybukhivtsi 1631:Pidvolochysk 1596:Monastyryska 1429: 1358:(in English) 1328: 1317: 1284: 1275: 1266: 1257: 1245: 1236: 1225: 1211: 1200:. Retrieved 1195: 1186: 1175: 1157: 1133: 1122: 1108: 1088: 901:– world cup 839:Soviet Union 796: 793:in Kremenets 768: 757: 750: 738: 726: 707: 704: 686: 681: 677: 667: 648: 634: 619: 612: 593: 589: 586: 578: 574: 555: 544: 537: 510: 497: 446: 371:. It is the 312: 311: 82:Coat of arms 2082:Katerynivka 2023: [ 2011: [ 1999: [ 1987: [ 1975: [ 1958: [ 1946: [ 1929: [ 1841:Zalishchyky 1789:Kopychyntsi 1716:Zalishchyky 1706:Velyki Hayi 1686:Vasylkivtsi 1551:Kopychyntsi 1531:Ivane-Puste 1044:Isaac Stern 651:blood libel 636:Khmelnytsky 533:World War I 493:Krzemieniec 487:, known as 449:Kievan Rus' 341:Krzemieniec 188: / 2207:Categories 2192:Shpykolosy 2072:Ivankivtsi 1943:Bohdanivka 1829:Terebovlia 1784:Khorostkiv 1741:Zolotnyky‎ 1711:Vyshnivets 1666:Terebovlia 1641:Saranchuky 1626:Pidhorodne 1606:Nahirianka 1601:Mykulyntsi 1576:Kupchyntsi 1546:Kolyndiany 1541:Khorostkiv 1202:2020-10-03 1070:References 607:See also: 553:(Wołyń) . 367:, western 270:Population 176:25°43′39″E 173:50°06′29″N 2213:Kremenets 2167:Savchytsi 2152:Pidlistsi 2142:Pidhaitsi 2097:Kudlaivka 2008:Veselivka 1984:Verbytsia 1907:Kremenets 1809:Pidhaitsi 1794:Kremenets 1769:Borshchiv 1764:Berezhany 1621:Pidhaitsi 1571:Kremenets 1521:Hrymailiv 1501:Borshchiv 1481:Berezhany 1476:Baikivtsi 1453:Kremenets 1372:JewishGen 1059:- general 878:Comintern 868:Ukrainian 772:Holocaust 701:Holocaust 663:Christian 469:Liubartas 461:Batu Khan 360:Kremenits 354:romanized 326:romanized 317:Ukrainian 313:Kremenets 284:Time zone 147:Kremenets 111:Kremenets 36:Кременець 33:Kremenets 2182:Khotivka 2147:Pidlisne 2137:Popivtsi 2087:Kolosova 1917:Villages 1835:Ternopil 1799:Lanivtsi 1779:Chortkiv 1726:Zavodske 1721:Zaliztsi 1671:Ternopil 1586:Lopushne 1581:Lanivtsi 1556:Koropets 1536:Ivanivka 1526:Husiatyn 1516:Chortkiv 1506:Borsuky‎ 1468:Hromadas 1458:Ternopil 1448:Chortkiv 1431:Ternopil 1165:Archived 1146:Archived 1032:Mark Kac 741:Judenrat 722:Volhynia 670:Haskalah 643:uprising 397:hromadas 385:Volhynia 349:קרעמעניץ 2187:Chuhali 2172:Sapaniv 2117:Lishnia 2112:Kimnata 2107:Kushlyn 2102:Kulykiv 2067:Zeblazy 2062:Zholoby 2057:Dibrova 2047:Dunaiiv 2042:Dvirets 2032:Horynka 1955:Bonivka 1926:Andruha 1904::  1846:Zbarazh 1814:Pochaiv 1774:Buchach 1731:Zbarazh 1661:Skoryky 1636:Pochaiv 1511:Buchach 1428::  1089:Ukraine 945:Siberia 782:Economy 753:ghettos 733:Gestapo 694:Zionist 674:Yiddish 659:torture 640:Cossack 615:Yeshiva 527:of the 523:of the 503:Colonel 500:Cossack 406:History 375:of the 369:Ukraine 356::  345:Yiddish 328::  246:Hromada 215:Ukraine 202:Country 2157:Rybcha 2132:Ploske 2092:Kryzhy 2052:Dukhiv 1996:Vesela 1851:Zboriv 1824:Skalat 1819:Shumsk 1756:Cities 1736:Zboriv 1676:Tovste 1656:Skalat 1646:Shumsk 1616:Ozerna 1611:Naraiv 1566:Kozova 1561:Kozliv 1440:Raions 1250:Dubnow 1136:] 1096:  932:Poryck 905:jumper 776:Yizkor 729:pogrom 630:Ostroh 622:Qahals 531:until 489:Polish 443:Church 337:Polish 278:20 476 222:Oblast 212:  2162:Rudka 2037:Hrada 2027:] 2015:] 2003:] 1991:] 1979:] 1962:] 1950:] 1933:] 1149:(PDF) 1138:(PDF) 1132:[ 1051:Other 916:Poles 889:(UNR) 655:matzo 302:UTC+3 288:UTC+2 234:Raion 2077:Ikva 1486:Bila 1094:ISBN 1026:Jews 257:Area 72:Flag 44:City 2020:Hai 1415:of 1370:at 903:ski 762:to 684:). 638:'s 296:DST 2209:: 2025:uk 2013:uk 2001:uk 1989:uk 1977:uk 1960:uk 1948:uk 1931:uk 1353:, 1305:^ 1293:^ 1274:. 1194:. 1144:. 1078:^ 997:– 810:. 739:A 724:. 572:. 568:, 535:. 495:. 491:: 351:, 347:: 343:; 339:: 335:; 323:, 319:: 1885:e 1878:t 1871:v 1405:e 1398:t 1391:v 1364:) 1360:( 1278:. 1205:. 1102:. 831:, 680:( 315:( 298:) 23:.

Index

Krzemieniec, Opole Voivodeship
City
Kremenets panorama from the Castle Hill
Flag of Kremenets
Coat of arms of Kremenets
Kremenets is located in Ternopil Oblast
Ternopil Oblast
Kremenets is located in Ukraine
50°06′29″N 25°43′39″E / 50.10806°N 25.72750°E / 50.10806; 25.72750
Country
Ukraine
Oblast
Ternopil Oblast
Raion
Kremenets Raion
Hromada
Kremenets urban hromada
Time zone
DST
Ukrainian
romanized
Polish
Yiddish
romanized
Ternopil Oblast
Ukraine
administrative center
Kremenets Raion
Pochayiv Monastery
Volhynia

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