Kris - Knowledge

2245: 2473: 2691: 2604: 5116: 2669: 1971: 1861:) is an object of art, often carved in meticulous details and made from various materials: precious rare types of wood to gold or ivory. They were often carved to resemble various animals and Hindu deities, although this became less common with the introduction of Islam. In Bali, kris handles are made to resemble demons coated in gold and adorned with semi precious and precious stones, such as rubies. In Java, kris handles are made in various types, the most common design being the abstract stylized representation of the human form. Examples of hilt designs include Tunggak Semi Putri Kinurung hilt from Surakarta, Batara Guru and Pulasir hilt from Madura, Punukan hilt from Palembang, Ratmaja from Bali, Pulungan hilt from Cirebon, Pekaka hilt from Pattani, and a seabird-like hilt from Lampung and Sulawesi. The kris usually has a curved pistol-grip 1405: 2046: 2726: 1028: 1154: 2104: 1848: 5110: 1166: 2758: 1874: 2744: 2144: 7430: 99: 2084: 2296:(admiral) were passed on to his comrade Hang Jebat. Furious that his best friend was unfairly put to death, Hang Jebat rebelled against the royalty and took over the palace. The desperate ruler of Melaka pardoned the minister so long as Hang Tuah could win him back the throne. Having trained under the same master since childhood the two friends were nearly equals but of the two, Tuah was the superior fighter. However, even after a long battle in the palace, neither could best the other because the Kris Taming Sari evened the odds. Only after taking his weapon back did Hang Tuah manage to stab Jebat, who died soon after. 2124: 7397: 2353:, stole it and used it to assassinate his uncle Raden Kikin by the river. Since then, Raden Kikin is also referred to as Sekar Seda Lepen (flower that fell by the river). Raden Trenggana rose as a sultan and later after his death, was replaced by Sunan Prawoto. Kikin's son, Penangsang of Jipang with the help of his teacher, Sunan Kudus, took revenge by sending an assassin to kill Prawoto using the Setan Kober kris. Prawoto younger sister Ratu Kalinyamat seeks revenge on Penangsang, since Penangsang also murdered her husband. She urged her brother in-law, Hadiwijaya ( 2791: 2858: 1353: 2843: 600:. In fact, Kris is not only known in Java, but also in various other regions in Indonesia such as Bali, Bugis (South Sulawesi), Lombok, Minangkabau (West Sumatra), and Melayu (Riau and North Sumatra). Each region has a kris with its own characteristics, both in terms of shape, size, and function. In Bali, kris is honored in spiritual ceremonies, while in Bugis, kris is used more as a weapon. Although different, kris in each region still has high symbolic and spiritual value. The kris is recognized as the most prominent cultural symbol of 2909: 2943: 2772: 520: 7365: 2926: 7714: 977: 2626: 2892: 2875: 2826: 7446: 7381: 2808: 2652: 2373: 1568: 7349: 2978: 1955: 7315: 7251: 2960: 7462: 3104: 3076: 3090: 2054:

killed individuals at will. Some kris are rumored to stand upright when their real names are called by their masters. It was said that some kris helped prevent fires, death, agricultural failure, and many other problems. Likewise, they could also bring fortune, such as bountiful harvests. Many of these beliefs were derived from the possession of different kris by different people. For example, there is a type of kris in Java that was called

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travelling because it might be needed for self-defense. During times of peace, people wore kris as part of ceremonial attire. Ceremonial kris were often meticulously decorated with intricate carving in gold and precious stones. Heirloom blades were handed down through successive generations and worn during special events such as weddings and other ceremonies. Men usually wore only one kris but the admiral

7413: 7519: 1710: 25: 1520:) and become the patrons of their works, although the activity of kris-making is declining. Until the 1990s, kris-making activities in Java had almost come to a standstill due to economic difficulties and changing socio-cultural values. However, thanks to several concerned kris experts, the tradition is being revived and kris craftsmanship has increased again. 1338:, is required as part of the spirituality and mythology surrounding the weapon, often left ancient blades worn and thin. The repair materials depended on location and it is quite usual to find a weapon with fittings from several areas. For example, a kris may have a blade from Java, a hilt from Bali and a sheath from Madura. 2400:(spiritual power), he kept fighting with an open wound in the stomach. He encircled his hanging intestines on his kris hilt, and continued to fight. When trying to attack his opponent, the reckless, fierce and impatient Panangsang pulled his Setan Kober off its sheath, but accidentally cut his own intestines and died. 2493:, it is not used to symbolise Javanese culture or royalty, as Javanese tradition promotes harmony and discourages direct confrontation (hence the absence of knives on Indonesian dinner tables). This is also why the Javanese traditionally wear the kris on their back, to symbolize violence as the last resort. 2066:

dream. If the owner had a bad dream, the blade was unlucky and had to be discarded, whereas if the owner had a good dream the dagger would bring good fortune. However, just because a blade was bad for one person didn't mean it would be bad for another. Harmony between the weapon and its owner was critical.

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Kris-makers did more than forge the weapon, they carried out the old rituals which could infuse the blade with mystical powers. For this reason, kris are considered almost alive because they may be vessels of spirits, either good or evil. Legends tell of kris that could move of their own volition and

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Although the people of Southeast Asia were already familiar with this type of stabbing weapon, the development of the kris most probably took place in Java, Indonesia. From its origin in Java, the use of kris spread throughout the Indonesian archipelago, Singapore, Malaysia, Southern Thailand and the

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in Leiden. The kris of Prince Diponegoro represents a historic importance, as a symbol of Indonesian heroic resilience and the nation's struggle for independence. The extraordinary gold-inlaid Javanese dagger previously was held as the Dutch state collection, and is now part of the collection of the

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Because some kris are considered sacred and believed to possess magical powers, specific rites needed to be completed to avoid calling down evil fates which is the reason warriors often made offerings to their kris at a shrine. There is also the belief that pointing a kris at someone means they will

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patterns in their kris, pikes, and other status weapons. After etching the blade with acidic substances, it is the small percentage of nickel present in meteoric iron that creates the distinctive silvery patterns that faintly light up against the dark background of iron or steel that become darkened

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to have armed himself with one short and one long kris. Women also wore kris, though usually of a smaller size than a man's. In battle, a fighter might have carried more than one kris; some carried three kris: his own, one from his father-in-law, and one as a family heirloom. The extra two served as

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where the occupation has been preserved by the Pande clan to this day, members of whom also make jewellery. A bladesmith makes the blade in layers of different iron ores and meteorite nickel. Some blades can be made in a relatively short time, while more intricate weapons take years to complete. In

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Over the past three decades, kris have lost their prominent social and spiritual meaning in society. Although active and honoured smiths who produce high quality kris in the traditional way can still be found in some places such as Madura, Surakarta, Yogyakarta, Makassar and Palembang, their number

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This Chinese account also reported that public execution by stabbing using this type of dagger is common. Majapahit knows no caning for major or minor punishment. They tied the guilty men's hands in the back with rattan rope and paraded them for a few paces, and then stabbed the offender one or two

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in the 13th century. The customer ordered a powerful kris to kill the mighty chieftain of Tumapel, Tunggul Ametung. Ken Arok eventually stabbed the old bladesmith to death because he kept delaying the scheduled completion of the kris. Dying, the bladesmith cursed the kris through prophecy that the

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and has a deep connection to the nation's history and traditions. Although the kris is also found in neighboring countries such as Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, and the Philippines, its role and meaning in Indonesia, especially in Java and Bali, is much deeper and integrated into various aspects of

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Taming Sari ("flower shield") is one of the most well-known kris in Malay literature, said to be so skilfully crafted that anyone wielding it was unbeatable. In some versions of the legend, the weapon would grant its user physical invulnerability. The legend took place sometime during the fall of

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There are several ways of testing whether a kris is lucky or not. A series of cuts on a leaf, based on blade width and other factors, could determine if a blade was good or bad. Also, if the owner slept with the blade under their pillow, the spirit of the kris would communicate with the owner via

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was mentioned in several ancient Javanese inscriptions, including Humanding inscription (707 Saka or 875 CE), Jurungan inscription and Haliwangbang inscription (708 Saka or 876 CE), Taji inscription (823 Saka or 901 CE), Poh inscription (827 Saka or 905 CE), and Rukam inscription (829 Saka or 907

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Kris were worn at special ceremonies, with heirloom blades being handed down through successive generations. Both men and women might wear them, though those for women are smaller. A rich spirituality and mythology developed around the weapon. Kris are used for display, as talismans with magical

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is a symbol of heroism, martial prowess, power and authority. As a cultural symbol, the meticulously decorated kris represent refinement, art and beauty, as the pride and prized possession for its owner; however, as a weapon it is associated with violence, death and bloodshed. Probably for this

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garlands around the kris hilt, especially on groom's kris during the wedding ceremony, is said to originate from this tale. It is to symbolize that the groom should not be reckless, easily get angry, impatient and abusive like Arya Panangsang. To replace the intestine, the kris is coiled with a

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was defeated and detained, and had to hand his kris over to the Dutch in 1830. This event marked the disarmament of the kris as a combat weapon among the Javanese populace. Its ceremonial function, however, as part of traditional costumes, as sacred heirloom and as a protective personal amulet,

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on the right operating the piston bellows to blow air into the furnace. The wall behind the blacksmith displays various items manufactured in the forge, including kris. These representations of the kris in the Candi Sukuh established the fact that by the year 1437 the kris had already gained an

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of jasmine chain that resemble intestine. The jasmine is to symbolize sacredness, patience, grace, humility, kindness and benevolence, the qualities lack in Panangsang. However another source mentioned that actually Sutawijaya admired Penangsang's fighting spirits, still fighting although his

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While it is commonly believed that kris were the primary weapons wielded by fighters in the past, they were actually carried by warriors as a secondary armament if they lost their main weapon, which was usually a spear. For commoners however, kris were worn on a daily basis, especially when

1138:, Amsterdam. The kris bears the date of 1264 Saka (which corresponds to 1342 AD) in its iron blade. Scientists suspect that due to its special features the kris might be even older, but was decorated during Majapahit period to celebrate an important event. The kris bears scenes from the 2413:

intestine encircled around his kris. Impressed by Penangsang's deed, later he command his male descendants to follow his step, adorned the kris with "intestine" made from the chain of jasmine, as a symbol of bravery. The story of Arya Penangsang has inspired and performed as Javanese

664:), auxiliary equipment for court soldiers, an accessory for ceremonial dress, an indicator of social status, a symbol of heroism, etc. Legendary kris that possess supernatural power and extraordinary ability were mentioned in traditional folktales, such as those of Empu Gandring, 2690: 2603: 1540:

with a blade measuring between 15 and 50 in (38 and 127 cm) long, typically not sharpened as it is meant for stabbing and tearing, broader and asymmetric shape near the hilt, made of a combination of several kinds of metals. A kris's aesthetic value covers the

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kris or kris-tipped spear given by a Javanese king to nobles or his subjects, was meant to symbolize the king's confidence bestowed upon the receiver and is considered a great honor. During the Javanese wedding ceremony, a kris is required to be adorned with chains of

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compounds. The process of doing so was kept secret among smiths. Different types of whetstones, acidic juice of citrus fruits and poisonous arsenic bring out the contrast between the dark black iron and the light colored silvery nickel layers which together form

1622:) is always odd. Common numbers of luk range from three to thirteen waves, but some blades have up to 29. In contrast to the older straight type, most kris today have a wavy blade which is supposed to increase the severity of wounds inflicted upon a victim. 1657:(lit: "I" or "me", meaning that the kris has a spirit or soul). All these elements are present during the forging of kris. Earth is metal forged by fire being blown by pumped wind, and water to cool down the metal. In Bali, the kris is associated with the 1426:

into the archipelago that contributed to the decline of using the kris as the weapon of choice in battle. The forging of edged weapons went into decline from the moment that the sultans or rajas were subjugated and their realms annexed by the British or

1384:. The executioner's kris had a long, straight, slender blade. The condemned knelt before the executioner, who placed a wad of cotton or similar material on the subject's shoulder or clavicle area. The blade was thrust through the padding, piercing the 7567: 2725: 2167:

Several folktales—linked to historical figures—mention legendary kris that possess supernatural power and extraordinary ability. Most of the magical kris are of Javanese origin, while the tales are mainly derived from Javanese ancient manuscript and

2668: 1395:, instead of having professional armies, most kings within the region relied on their courtiers to mobilize for war whenever required and since most Javanese, Malay and Makassarese would own a kris, the weapon would have seen regular combat. During 2211:. The prophecy finally came true, with four men enlisted as the kris' first death roll, including Mpu Gandring himself, Tunggul Ametung, Kebo Ijo to whom Ken Arok lent the weapon, and finally Ken Arok himself. The unfinished kris then disappeared. 2041:

flower arrangement as an important part of Javanese groom's wedding costume. The addition of jasmine arrangement around the kris was meant as a symbol that a man should not easily be angry, cruel, fierce, too aggressive, tyrannical and abusive.

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is dramatically decreasing, and it is more difficult for them to find successors to whom they may transmit their skills. The traditional kris-making industry still survives in some villages, such as Banyu Sumurup village in Imogiri subdistrict,

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dagger) in their belts. The daggers are made entirely of steel with intricate motifs smoothly drawn. The handles are made of gold, rhino's horn or ivory carved with a depiction of human or demon; the carving works are exquisite and skillfully

1342:... every man in Java, whether he is rich or poor, must have a kris in his house ... and no man between the ages of 12 and 80 may go out of doors without a kris in his belt. They carry them at the back, as daggers used to be in Portugal ... 1613:

seed pod. The kris is famous for its wavy blade; however, older types of kris dated from the Majapahit era have straight blades, as do more than half of all kris prior to the modern era. The number of curves on the blade (known as

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The kris dance is a potentially dangerous dance and can lead to fatal accidents. In February 2021, a 16 year old kris dancer was stabbed to death in his heart by his own kris, during a Rangda dance performance in Denpasar, Bali.

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Both a weapon and spiritual object, kris are often considered to have an essence or presence, considered to possess magical powers, with some blades possessing good luck and others possessing bad. Kris are used for display, as

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high quality kris blades, the metal is folded dozens or hundreds of times and handled with the utmost precision. Empu are highly respected craftsmen with additional knowledge in literature, history, and the occult.

632:). Each part of the kris is considered a piece of art, often carved in meticulous detail and made from various materials: metal, precious or rare types of wood, or gold or ivory. A kris's aesthetic value covers the 1200:

is the weapon of farmers. There exist claims of earlier forms predating the Majapahit kris but none are verifiable. In the past, the majority of kris had straight blades but this became less frequent over time.

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unfinished or incomplete kris would kill seven men, including Ken Arok. Ken Arok used Mpu Gandring's cursed kris to assassinate Tunggul Ametung, cunningly put the blame to Kebo Ijo, and built a new kingdom of

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The early 20th century saw the decline of kris forging as carrying edged weapons was banned in the Dutch East Indies. However its spiritual and ceremonial function still continues and is celebrated mainly in

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or dragon, which also symbolizes irrigation canals, rivers, springs, wells, spouts, waterfalls and rainbows; thus, the wavy blade symbolizes the movement of the serpent. Some kris have the head of a

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that aids in stabbing strikes. It allows the palm of the holding hand to add pressure to the blade while stabbing. A kris only offers minimal protection for the hand by the broad blade at the hilt.

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Philippines through diplomacy and trade. The spread of the kris to other nations such as Thailand, Malaysia and the Philippines, some historians say, was credited to the growing influence of the

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should possess knowledge, technical skills and also spiritual prowess, since kris are believed to have physical and spiritual presence. This was meant to differentiate the masters from common

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material for the kris smiths connected with the courts of Yogyakarta and Surakarta originates from an iron meteorite that fell to earth at the end of 18th century in the neighborhood of the

9181: 2058:, which was believed to grant its possessor an easy life without famine. This kris was mainly assigned to government officers who were paid, in whole or in part, with foodstuffs such as 2143: 9096: 2501:

also wearing kris on their back. However, in other parts of archipelago, from Sumatra to the Malay Peninsula and to Sulawesi, the kris is worn on the front or left side on the hip.

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pattern has been found in the kris from Majapahit period, which was acquired from iron ores with small nickel content. Most probably this iron ore was imported from the island of

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powers, weapons, sanctified heirloom, auxiliary equipment for court soldiers, as an accessory for ceremonial dress, an indicator of social status, a symbol of heroism, etc.

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In former times, kris blades were said to be infused with poison during their forging, ensuring that any injury was fatal. The poison used to polish kris blade is called

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floral motifs. The upper part of the sheath formed a broad curved handle made from wood or sometimes ivory. It could be adorned with precious or semi-precious stones.

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and the heart. Upon withdrawal, the cotton wiped the blade clean. In the Malay world and Java, an honourable form of execution was death by kris to the heart.

5109: 2338:) from the graveyard. As a result, although powerful, the kris had a temperamental evil nature that caused the wielder to be overly ambitious and impatient. 2451:

was the charismatic leader of the mass rebellion against Dutch colonial rule in Central Java, that was defeated and taken prisoner after the conclusion of

179: 1528:, Yogyakarta, either specially made as a sacred amulet ordered by a kris enthusiast who seeks its spiritual power, or merely as souvenirs for tourists. 1165: 9201: 9106: 7305: 5287: 2334:, and had 13 luk on its blade. Near its completion when the empu tried to infuse the weapon with spiritual power, he was disturbed by a crying demon ( 2292:

was ordered to be executed, but he managed to escape and go into hiding with the help of a minister who knew the truth. Hang Tuah's kris and title of

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referring to the age and origin of a kris. Depending on the quality and historical value of the kris, it can fetch thousands of dollars or more.

8090: 7231: 4946: 4906: 2572:, is a symbol of Moro and southern Filipino culture, and a resistance to Spanish rule and influence. It is incorporated into the flags of the 1733:

patterns have specific meanings and names which indicate the mythical properties they are believed to impart. There are around 60 variants of

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which in turn killed his stepfather after recognized that his biological father was killed by Ken Arok with the same kris. The bloody

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by the Spanish. Juramentados practice a ritual of sacrifice, a form of Jihad against not only Spanish soldiers, but also against

4567: 4289: 3527: 6497: 3963:. Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia: Institute of the Malay World & Civilization, National University of Malaysia. pp. 24–25. 3584: 2074:

practitioners precede their demonstrations by touching the points of the blades to the ground so as to neutralise this effect.

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who was killed by his own kris called Setan Kober ("devil of the grave"). It was forged by Empu Bayu Aji in the kingdom of

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and all were reputed to be able to work hot iron with their bare hands. The people of Majapahit would eventually flee to

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temple complex. The meteorite was excavated and transported to the keraton of Surakarta; from that time on the smiths of

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The description of a small dagger from Java reminiscent of kris can be found in Chinese source from the 10th century

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include "cryse", "crise", "criss", "kriss" and "creese". In English, the plural form is often simply "kris" as well.

61: 4045: 3499: 2857: 564:). The kris is famous for its distinctive wavy blade, although many have straight blades as well, and is one of the 8983: 8574: 8272: 8065: 7665: 7022: 5819: 4582: 2533: 1669:

in motion, aggressive and alive; a straight blade is one at rest, its power dormant but ready to come into action.

1401:, the kris was used in a furious charge to scatter or kill a number of enemies even at the cost of one's own life. 1283: 1186: 1027: 9066: 1159:

A kris depicted on the Panataran temple relief. From the main temple which bears the date of 1269 saka or 1347 CE.

8897: 5476: 1595:. Kris blades are usually narrow with a wide, asymmetrical base, one rare kind of kris with a broad blade is the 1255: 9171: 8948: 7660: 6891: 6793: 6632: 2967: 2573: 1240: 1067:, dated from 15th century Majapahit era, shows the workshop of a Javanese keris blacksmith. The scene depicted 307: 2842: 2736:. Even as early as the 17th century, awareness of the kris has reached far into Europe. Kris seen at top left. 9191: 9166: 7150: 6033: 3011: 2577: 1123:

times in the back on the gap between the floating ribs, which resulted in severe bleeding and instant death.

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with a distinctive blade-patterning achieved through alternating laminations of iron and nickelous iron (

35: 2891: 2028:. The kris is believed to have the ability to infuse bravery upon its holder: this property is known as 1847: 8953: 8933: 8490: 7910: 6931: 5469: 3015: 2733: 2524:

uses the kris to represent the southern territories. It can also be seen on an obverse copper-zinc-tin

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stabbed Penangsang with the Kyai Plered spear in the gut. However, Penangsang was believed to possess

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Wooden frame covered and decorated with ivory or metals (gold, silver, copper, iron, brass, or steel)

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colonial state. In number of regions, a ban was placed on carrying of cutting and stabbing weapons.

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The kris's history is generally traced through the study of carvings and bas-relief panels found in

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in 1830. His kris was long considered lost, but has now been found, after being identified by the

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manuscript dated from Saka 1440 or 1518 AD, describes the kris as the weapon of kings, while the

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In Java, the traditional art of kris-making is preserved in the Javanese culture heartland, the

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Victor A. Pogadaev. "Ya Khochu Obruchit'sya s Krisom" ("I Want to Be Engaged to a Keris"). In:

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is the oldest known surviving kris in the world. Given to Charles Knaud, a Dutch physician, by

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state, the male dancers stab themselves in the chest with their own kris but remain unhurt.

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states that the kris recognized today came into existence around 1361 AD in the kingdom of

1048: 806: 794: 215: 4332:"The 'kris' of Prince Diponegoro returned to Indonesia - News item - netherlandsandyou.nl" 4126:

Warangan: racun untuk mencuci keris/tombak (Warangan: poison to wash kris dagger or spear)

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refer to those ironsmiths who possess the special skill of forging the kris. According to

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19th-century studio portrait of a native Javanese warrior with an iron kris-tipped spear

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The kris is depicted on different flags, emblems, coats and logos such as those of the

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A kris (referred to in-game as a keris) features prominently in the desert regions of

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parrying daggers, but if none were available the sheath would serve the same purpose.

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Javanese kris and scabbard displayed in Museum Volkenkunde, Leiden, the Netherlands.

644:(the pattern of metal alloy decoration on the blade, with around 250 variants), and 9161: 9041: 8993: 8726: 8642: 8520: 8150: 8035: 7990: 7960: 7258: 7130: 7057: 6921: 6868: 6863: 6411: 6007: 5927: 5538: 5503: 5172: 4739: 4689: 3285: 3109: 3081: 2498: 2490: 2432: 2361:, to kill Arya Penangsang. Hadiwijaya sent his adopted son and also his son in-law 2258: 2013: 1959: 1914: 1653:(earth, but also interpreted as metal or wood which both come from the earth), and 1553:(the pattern of metal alloy decoration on the blade, with around 60 variants), and 1329: 1205:, in the early 16th century, describes the importance of the kris to the Javanese. 1191: 565: 553: 299: 279: 249: 219: 1328:

Kris were often broken in battle and required repairs. Yearly cleanings, known in

1276: 9033: 9023: 8637: 8377: 8010: 7930: 7880: 7870: 7785: 7645: 7364: 7254: 7205: 7195: 7160: 7125: 7102: 7042: 6645: 6597: 6118: 6048: 6043: 5972: 5907: 5843: 5805: 5653: 5360: 5317: 4936: 4807: 4501: 4293: 4275: 4026: 3839: 3814: 3808: 3655: 3179: 3171: 3140: 3095: 3003: 2998: 2865: 2545: 2494: 2404: 2345:

that had replaced Majapahit as the ruler of Java. Setan Kober was safely kept by

2342: 2319: 2281:

named Taming Sari. He was defeated in a duel to the death by the Melakan admiral

1357: 1196: 1085: 1024:, and a small model of house made of sandalwood adorned with valuable ornaments. 966: 746: 732: 718: 700: 291: 269: 265: 261: 245: 237: 223: 203: 159: 9081: 8432: 8225: 6858: 4562: 3726: 519: 9111: 9076: 8973: 8882: 8806: 8702: 8682: 8525: 8402: 8317: 8235: 8085: 7985: 7775: 7755: 7418: 7185: 7115: 6997: 6906: 6881: 6826: 6813: 6783: 6607: 6577: 6532: 6426: 6406: 6396: 6281: 6226: 6216: 6138: 5942: 5917: 5757: 5648: 5627: 5614: 5553: 5355: 5292: 5085: 4987: 4896: 4873: 4699: 4649: 4639: 4525:(Oriental Collection). Moscow, Russian State Library. N 3 (30), 2007, 133–141. 4263: 3297: 2270: 2266: 1927: 1525: 1021: 976: 910: 894: 853: 754: 6705: 3707: 2997:

A kris is featured in the short story "The Crab Who Played with the Sea" from

2273:, tells that it was made by a Javanese empu and first used by the champion of 9150: 9086: 8826: 8821: 8739: 8677: 8652: 8647: 8515: 8463: 8332: 8322: 8297: 8215: 7950: 7760: 7680: 7595: 7175: 7097: 7087: 7002: 6936: 6728: 6715: 6700: 6670: 6665: 6454: 6446: 6381: 6376: 6271: 6261: 6231: 6206: 6173: 6163: 6153: 6108: 6088: 5887: 5858: 5375: 5365: 5205: 5162: 5008: 4886: 4764: 4754: 4729: 4694: 4598:

Indonesian traditional weapons, armors, and premodern gunpowder-based weapons

4049: 3271: 3263: 3128: 3031: 2187: 1509: 1127: 1032: 890: 257: 195: 8872: 7575: 7445: 6836: 1202: 950:. Some of the most famous renderings of a kris appear on the bas-reliefs of 9126: 8877: 8846: 8841: 8771: 8754: 8707: 8417: 8337: 8267: 8257: 8130: 7925: 7860: 7650: 7434: 7145: 7079: 6974: 6773: 6431: 6421: 6371: 6266: 6158: 6123: 6098: 5962: 5947: 5922: 5902: 5892: 5872: 5671: 5658: 5638: 5403: 5340: 5152: 5147: 4941: 4931: 4911: 4795: 4749: 4734: 4724: 4704: 4664: 4644: 3251: 3134: 3122: 2899: 2849: 2709: 2697: 2680: 2658: 2354: 2195: 2181: 1986: 1800: 1456: 1135: 1064: 1040: 997: 970: 782: 774: 677:

Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity Fromm Indonesia

589: 570: 295: 253: 171: 8902: 4473:

Swish of the Kris, the Story of the Moros, Authorized and Enhanced Edition

2431:

During the Royal Netherlands state visit to Indonesia in March 2020, King

2372: 1851:

Richly decorated Balinese kris hilt coated with gold, adorned with rubies.

8938: 8776: 8422: 8392: 8292: 8185: 8125: 8030: 7940: 7900: 7813: 7523: 7180: 7170: 7007: 6979: 6911: 6753: 6660: 6567: 6542: 6416: 6401: 6366: 6316: 6306: 6291: 6078: 5957: 5882: 5863: 5778: 5773: 5600: 5350: 5345: 5312: 5195: 5167: 4857: 2676: 2561: 2440: 2350: 2346: 2239: 2227: 1447: 1052: 981: 820:. In the Philippines, the kris and similar stabbing daggers are known as 813: 786: 665: 584:

For centuries, the Kris has been an important part of the culture of the

8907: 7380: 3660:. University of Michigan, Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies. 2285:, after which the king of Majapahit presented the weapon to the victor. 2248:

The Kris Taming Sari as seen third from the left, among the rest of the

1954: 9046: 8836: 8407: 8372: 8352: 8327: 8115: 8110: 8045: 7935: 7895: 7890: 7770: 7694: 7670: 7461: 7190: 7165: 7140: 7135: 7120: 7017: 7012: 6901: 6886: 6592: 6552: 6361: 6341: 6256: 6246: 6241: 6178: 6168: 6128: 6093: 6083: 6073: 6068: 5783: 5592: 5332: 5297: 4827: 4679: 3046: 2950: 2713: 2633: 2513: 2436: 2426: 2389: 2362: 2208: 1513: 1131: 1105:, from the king to commoners, from a boy aged three to elders, slipped 1009: 857: 163: 8505: 8220: 7047: 4096: 1832:(the Royal territories) used small pieces of meteoric iron to produce 1380:, the kris used to be the choice weapon for an execution known as the 1134:

in the 19th century Yogyakarta in Java, the kris is on display at the

9116: 9051: 9028: 9018: 9013: 8831: 8662: 8387: 8382: 8367: 8342: 8210: 7675: 7640: 7348: 7314: 7309: 7155: 6798: 6743: 6537: 6512: 6391: 6296: 6012: 5997: 5937: 5797: 5157: 4659: 3817:(in Chinese). Translated by J.V.G Mills. Cambridge University Press. 3147: 3053: 3042: 2637: 2331: 2293: 2289: 2282: 2274: 2219: 2191: 1998: 1901:

The making of a kris was the specialised duty of metalworkers called

1823: 1813: 1812:

however, is acquired in a quite unusual way, as it is made from rare

1714: 1567: 1373: 1317: 1178: 1102: 1060: 1056: 1036: 955: 951: 947: 935: 655: 601: 593: 579: 575: 529: 460: 400: 344: 322: 167: 144: 140: 8667: 7885: 2539:

Since the independence of Malaysia, the kris has become a symbol of

2310: 1218: 9003: 8943: 8721: 8672: 8619: 8601: 8412: 8195: 8155: 8135: 8080: 7833: 7750: 7605: 7488:

List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding

7385: 6989: 6969: 6738: 6685: 6650: 6612: 6522: 6386: 6336: 6286: 6191: 5747: 5492: 5322: 5241: 5070: 5033: 4822: 4634: 3060: 3024: 2984: 2933: 2517: 2477: 2452: 2414: 2278: 2215: 2199: 1882: 1790: 1609: 1600: 1435: 1139: 1090: 963: 902: 874: 861: 817: 411: 407: 303: 191: 7713: 7620: 7502: 6964: 6748: 6690: 6562: 5491: 4511:(Originally printed 1936 Singapore:Progressive Publishing Company) 3063:'s Indonesian branch is based on a keris who has taken human form. 1547:(the form and design of the blade, with around 150 variants), the 930: 9121: 9061: 8963: 8892: 8801: 8796: 8712: 8540: 8535: 8362: 8302: 8287: 8277: 8175: 8070: 8060: 8025: 7995: 7875: 7865: 7839: 7742: 7732: 7635: 7600: 7466: 7332: 7301: 6926: 6896: 6846: 6831: 6617: 6582: 6527: 6517: 6492: 6474: 6351: 6331: 6326: 6221: 6058: 5987: 5912: 5676: 5663: 5528: 5513: 5307: 5236: 5200: 5190: 5139: 5075: 5065: 5023: 4956: 4921: 4847: 4837: 4817: 4714: 4684: 4654: 4629: 4620: 2529: 2409: 2038: 1691: 1626: 1496: 1486: 1423: 1094: 1072: 1005: 638:(the form and design of the blade, with around 60 variants), the 3591:. Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia. 2024 3447:

The Journal of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia, Volume 7

2618:(1855-1877), dressed in royal majesty attire including his kris. 1925:

that mostly create common metal tools or peasant's weapons like

1658: 8781: 8759: 8744: 8734: 8717: 8697: 8627: 8437: 8397: 8282: 8240: 8205: 8075: 7975: 7450: 7401: 7337: 7032: 6951: 6876: 6572: 6557: 6484: 6464: 6459: 6321: 6311: 6251: 6201: 6063: 6038: 5952: 5897: 5832: 5752: 5725: 5643: 5579: 5548: 5543: 5398: 5393: 5385: 5370: 5282: 5274: 5182: 5080: 5049: 4961: 4916: 4891: 4832: 4785: 4719: 4709: 4669: 4469: 4466:. Wijk en Aalburg (The Netherlands): Pictures Publishers, 2002. 4459:. Wijk en Aalburg (The Netherlands): Pictures Publishers, 1998. 3357: 3355: 3353: 3351: 3349: 3035: 2480:, Bali (c. 1870), wore kris as a symbol of power and authority. 2358: 2025: 2002: 1994: 1978: 1780: 1537: 1076: 1017: 823: 672: 660: 557: 442: 396: 368: 348: 130: 7625: 7518: 7412: 4307:"Prince Diponegoro's kris returned ahead of Dutch royal visit" 3367:

Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia

2214:

Another version of the tale describes that the kris passed to

1739:

recognized today in traditional kris blades. Some examples of

9101: 8998: 8867: 8687: 8591: 8586: 8473: 8200: 8145: 8120: 8015: 7980: 7850: 7746: 7507: 7369: 7353: 6841: 6803: 6675: 6655: 6627: 6602: 6507: 6301: 6211: 6148: 6143: 6113: 6025: 5828: 5692: 5618: 5574: 5558: 5302: 5003: 4977: 4877: 4842: 4780: 4759: 4744: 4557: 4356:"Indonesische experts: Nederland gaf de verkeerde kris terug" 3791:

Poesponegoro, Marwati Djoened; Notosusanto, Nugroho. (2008).

2882: 2565: 2341:

The story took place in the 16th century, during the fall of

2335: 2249: 2169: 2071: 1933: 1709: 1572: 1434:

In Java, the turning point was the end of the five-year-long

1068: 959: 837: 834:, while the much larger slashing sword versions are known as 388: 375: 361: 340: 9182:

Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity

4164:"Bentara Budaya Jakarta, Pameran Ragam Hulu Keris Nusantara" 3908:

Southeast Asia in the age of commerce, 1450-1680: Volume One

3681: 3346: 3056:. Its bonus to the "Prayer" stat reflects its sacred nature. 2194:(Book of Kings). It describes a legendary bladesmith called 8939:

Brotherhood of the Holy Spirit of the Congos of Villa Mella

8596: 8427: 8170: 8095: 7855: 7828: 6941: 6680: 6587: 6547: 6436: 6356: 6346: 6196: 5877: 4304: 3010:

In 2019, a kris was featured in season 6, episode 7 of the

2916: 2833: 2701: 2641: 2521: 2223: 2059: 1942: 1862: 1776: 1604: 1142:

on an unusual thin copper layer which partially covers it.

943: 449:

Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity

392: 382: 371: 3983:

Museum Pusaka (Heirloom Museum) Taman Mini Indonesia Indah

2536:

1 cent coin of 1962 also depicted a pair of crossed kris.

8230: 6441: 4139:"Keris Beracun, Bukti Kejeniusan Ahli Senjata Jaman Kuno" 4073:(in Indonesian). Kalalima. 22 August 2011. Archived from 3453: 3224: 1937:. In old Majapahit, a kris bladesmith was referred to as 1690:(washing) the blade with acid and minerals that contains 1422:

In the 16th century, European colonial powers introduced

4097:"Magic of Metal, Spiritual and Physical Powers of Keris" 3714:(4th ed.). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Malaysia. 2017. 1446:

However, the kris saw continuous use and forging in the

3790: 3396:

The Suma Oriental of Tome Pires: An Account of the East

2582:

flag of Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao

3765: 3444: 3419: 3399:. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. p. 179. 3256: 3240: 3204: 3196: 3188: 2032:

in Javanese which means "to add self-confidence". The

1856: 1833: 1817: 1807: 1794: 1784: 1770: 1764: 1758: 1752: 1746: 1740: 1734: 1728: 1718: 1696: 1685: 1679: 1673: 1648: 1642: 1636: 1630: 1590: 1584: 1554: 1548: 1542: 1333: 740: 726: 712: 645: 639: 633: 627: 621: 615: 609: 391:, bone, horn, wooden or metals. Sometimes coated with 116: 110: 104: 4287:

Ketoprak Guyonan Campursari: Ariyo Penangsang Mbalelo

3290: 1629:, kris contain all the intrinsic elements of nature: 1008:, ivories, pearls, silk of various colours, fragrant 658:

with magical powers, weapons, a sanctified heirloom (

4470:

Vic Hurley; Christopher L. Harris (1 October 2010).

4040: 4038: 4036: 4034: 3871:

Van Asdonck, Marjolein "Het sprookje van de kris." (

3071: 1012:, cotton clothes of various colours, turtle shells, 980:

Kris blacksmith's workshop depicted in 15th century

3521: 3519: 3517: 3023:In the 2019 video game and movie of the same name, 1408:A lithograph depiction of kris blacksmith in Java, 1243:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 7306:National Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia 5435: 4368:Pogadaev, V. "Magia Krisa" ("The Magic of Kris"). 4048:(in Indonesian). Karaton Surakarta. Archived from 3279: 1909:(lit. "iron-skilled"). In Java the honorary title 1006:silk woven with floral motifs made of gold threads 843: 829: 4563:Makna Ricikan Keris (Meaning of Kris accessories) 4330:Zaken, Ministerie van Buitenlandse (2020-03-10). 4119:"Parimbwan L.31: Edisi Teks dan Pemaknaan Simbol" 4031: 3784: 3768:Traditional Weapons of the Indonesian Archipelago 3489: 3422:Traditional Weapons of the Indonesian Archipelago 3020:, as the round three finale weapon to be created. 1977:dance performance with kris-wielding dancers and 1454:. Kris-forgers and swordsmen were referred to as 1171:An unseathed kris on the Panataran temple relief. 1071:as the blacksmith on the left forging the metal, 9148: 4457:The Kris: An Earthly Approach to a Cosmic Symbol 3958: 3533:. Leiden: Leiden and KITLV Press. Archived from 3514: 2785:Kris are depicted in several emblems as a symbol 2365:, who would later become the first ruler of the 2162: 1723:) on dark iron background visible on kris' blade 865: 7404:, art of boatbuilding in South Sulawesi (2017) 3811:(瀛涯胜览) The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 3799: 2024:for "sacred heirloom weapon") and considered a 1145: 608:A kris can be divided into three parts: blade ( 528:is a distinctive, asymmetrical dagger from the 38:for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling 7232:Cutlery and Allied Trades Research Association 4276:ThingsAsian.com, Keris – Is it merely a sword? 3931: 2675:Wayang Klithik (Flat Wooden Puppet) figure of 1678:. The process of chemical coating was done by 1391:Kris were used commonly in battle, during the 835: 821: 7561: 7285: 5813: 5477: 4583: 2750:A Javanese sundang sword with straight blade. 2661:depicting Prabu Pandu Dewanata with his kris. 2198:or Empu Gandring and his impatient customer, 1063:. The scene in bas relief of Sukuh Temple in 578:. Kris have been produced in many regions of 4516:Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 3889:. Singapore: Progressive Publishing Company. 3751:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3321: 4514:W. H. Rassers, "On the Javanese Kris", in: 3560:"Kecanggihan Para Empu Keris | Batukarinfo" 3485: 3483: 2489:reason, although the kris is widespread in 1827: 1559:referring to the age and origin of a kris. 8551:Council of Wise Men of the plain of Murcia 7568: 7554: 7292: 7278: 5820: 5806: 5484: 5470: 4590: 4576: 4015: 4013: 3837: 3831: 3674: 3653: 3459: 2288:After being framed by a jealous official, 1803:is quite well known in Sulawesi and Java. 9202:Intangible cultural heritage of Indonesia 4245: 4225: 4116: 3793:Sejarah Nasional Indonesia II: Zaman Kuno 3622: 3620: 3618: 3616: 3614: 3612: 3610: 3608: 3606: 3468: 3137:, US submachine gun named after the blade 2764:A Javanese sundang sword with wavy blade. 2580:. It has also been incorporated into the 2109:A Javanese chief, in his ordinary dress, 1303:Learn how and when to remove this message 1080:important place within Javanese culture. 103:The kris consists of three parts; blade ( 62:Learn how and when to remove this message 4124:(in Indonesian). Universitas Indonesia. 3934:"Banyu Sumurup survives as kris village" 3759: 3718: 3525: 3480: 2471: 2371: 2309: 2243: 2044: 1969: 1953: 1872: 1846: 1708: 1566: 1485: 1403: 1351: 1026: 975: 929: 8555:Water Tribunal of the plain of Valencia 4433:"Sambut Hololive Indonesia Generasi 2!" 4269: 4010: 3961:Artifak Sains Dan Teknologi Alam Melayu 3884: 3805: 3424:. Koninklijk Instituut Voor Taal Land. 3146:Kris, the protagonist of the videogame 2306:Demak Sultanate § Sultan Trenggana 2226:continued on and on until the reign of 605:culture, spirituality, and daily life. 9149: 5827: 4608: 4257: 4226:Firizqi Irwan. Endra Kurniawan (ed.). 3875:, Volume 50, no.5, November 2005) p.27 3770:. Koninklyk Instituut Voor Taal Land. 3603: 3492:"Kris, more than just a simple dagger" 3388: 3386: 2476:Gusti Ngurah Ketut Djelantik, Lord of 1877:Kris sheath of Ladrang Surakarta style 1575:as the handle. The blade has thirteen 913:. Other alternative spellings used by 7549: 7486: 7417:Three Genres of Traditional Dance in 7273: 5801: 5568:Daggers (Belati) & knives (Pisau) 5465: 5424: 5262: 5127: 4774:Daggers (Belati) & knives (Pisau) 4607: 4571: 4387:""The Crab that Played with the Sea"" 4329: 3900: 3898: 3896: 3649: 3647: 3392: 3363:Top 100 Cultural Wonders of Indonesia 2439:to Indonesia, received by President 1181:Empire in Java around the year 1492. 596:the kris is commonly associated with 5495:traditional weapons and bladed tools 5263: 5128: 4553:The Kris in Java and Bali, Indonesia 4544:Surprising find at Okinawa temple – 4071:"Keris dan Budaya Spiritual Kejawen" 3904: 3844:. Pictures Publishers. p. 110. 3724: 3490:Tantri Yuliandini (April 18, 2002). 2230:, the last king of Singosari Empire 2186:One of the most famous legends from 2175: 1241:adding citations to reliable sources 1212: 864:in Indonesia, where it became known 18: 8610:La Mare de Déu de la Salut Festival 7577:UNESCO Oral and Intangible Heritage 4412:"Forged In Fire: The Javanese Kris" 4305:Yuliasri Perdani; Ardila Syakriah. 3686:Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) 3383: 2778:A Javanese sword similar to a kris. 2555:United Malays National Organisation 2299: 2233: 2149:A Javanese man of the lower class, 1949: 1701:, damascene patterns on the blade. 1571:A decorative kris with a figure of 433:UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage 13: 8502:Baltic song and dance celebrations 6498:Applegate–Fairbairn fighting knife 4495:Orchid Press; Reprint Edition 2010 4449: 4185:"The Spiritual Power of the Keris" 3936:. The Jakarta Post. Archived from 3893: 3644: 2991: 2457:Dutch National Museum of Ethnology 2420: 2403:The Javanese tradition of putting 1989:of Bali there is a segment called 1783:to create this pattern. The faint 1625:According to traditional Javanese 1536:Physically, the kris is a form of 14: 9213: 7023:W. R. Case & Sons Cutlery Co. 5512:Swords (Pedang) & cutlasses ( 4619:Swords (Pedang) & cutlasses ( 4537: 3585:"KERIS DALAM PERSPEKTIF KEILMUAN" 8888:Violins craftsmanship of Cremona 8575:Dancing procession of Echternach 8273:Pahlevani and zoorkhaneh rituals 8066:Jeju Chilmeoridang Yeongdeunggut 7712: 7666:Sega tambour of Rodrigues Island 7517: 7501: 7460: 7444: 7428: 7411: 7395: 7379: 7363: 7347: 7331: 7313: 7300: 7250: 7249: 5114: 5108: 5102: 4464:Krisses: A Critical Bibliography 4435:(in Indonesian). 3 December 2020 3932:Slamet Susanto (April 2, 2005). 3841:Krisses: a critical bibliography 3102: 3088: 3074: 3049:as a weapon of the dagger class. 2976: 2958: 2941: 2924: 2907: 2890: 2873: 2856: 2841: 2824: 2806: 2789: 2770: 2756: 2742: 2724: 2689: 2667: 2650: 2624: 2602: 2568:, a larger sword variant of the 2534:Malaya and British Borneo dollar 2484:Throughout the archipelago, the 2142: 2122: 2102: 2082: 1958:Various ways of wearing kris in 1217: 1187:Sanghyang Siksa Kandang Karesian 1164: 1152: 958:temples (850), originating from 518: 441: 97: 23: 9097:South Pacific Colombian marimba 8898:Wooden toys of Hrvatsko Zagorje 6794:Columbia River Knife & Tool 4558:OLD BLADES (introducing krises) 4425: 4404: 4379: 4362: 4348: 4323: 4298: 4280: 4219: 4203:"The Barong and The Kris Dance" 4195: 4187:. Ancient Keris. Archived from 4177: 4156: 4131: 4110: 4089: 4063: 3986: 3977: 3952: 3925: 3878: 3865: 3766:Albert G Van Zonneveld (2002). 3700: 3577: 3552: 3445:James Richardson Logan (1853). 3420:Albert G Van Zonneveld (2002). 2708:with his kris, a collection of 2588:, as well as the emblem of the 2532:pattern in the background. The 2089:A Javanese man in court dress, 1806:The best material for creating 1228:needs additional citations for 812:Two notable exceptions are the 675:awarded the kris the status of 8812:Petrykivka decorative painting 8624:French timber framing scribing 7661:Ritual dance of the royal drum 6892:Korin Japanese Trading Company 6134:Fairbairn–Sykes fighting knife 3438: 3413: 3160: 2968:Moro National Liberation Front 2574:Moro National Liberation Front 1775:. The kris blade forging uses 1531: 1450:, which comprised most of the 852:sword was introduced from the 308:Indonesian National Revolution 1: 9067:Popayán Holy Week processions 8560:Copper craftsmanship of Lahij 6034:Aircrew Survival Egress Knife 4493:Keris and Other Malay Weapons 4376:). Moscow, No. 4, 2010, 67–69 3887:Keris and Other Malay Weapons 3725:Pendatun, Datu Shariff, III. 3476:Javanese language: Politeness 3315: 2578:Moro Islamic Liberation Front 2318:Javanese folk story tells of 2163:Legendary and historic krises 2129:A Javanese man in war dress, 1413: 934:Kris depicted on 9th century 789:: کريس). Other names include 9177:Indonesian words and phrases 8949:Carnaval de Negros y Blancos 8817:Procession of the Holy Blood 7856:Baul tradition of Bangladesh 5425: 4046:"Keris: Bawa Rasa Tosan Aji" 3464:(in Javanese). p. 1359. 3460:Sudaryanto, Pranowo (2001). 3333:Kebudayaan.kemendikbud.go.id 3257: 3241: 3225: 2467: 2435:returned the kris of Prince 1839:by the effect of the acids. 1508:, and also the princedom of 1146:Development and distribution 682: 7: 8954:Bumba-meu-boi from Maranhão 7227:American Bladesmith Society 6764:Cattaraugus Cutlery Company 6696:U.S. Marine Raider stiletto 4518:99, 1940, pp. 377–403. 3654:Wojowasito, Suwojo (1980). 3449:. Miss. Press. p. 281. 3291: 3280: 3205: 3197: 3189: 3067: 2553:, the official flag of the 1857: 1834: 1818: 1808: 1795: 1785: 1771: 1765: 1759: 1753: 1747: 1741: 1735: 1729: 1719: 1697: 1686: 1680: 1674: 1649: 1643: 1637: 1631: 1591: 1585: 1583:The kris blade is called a 1555: 1549: 1543: 1334: 856:of the Philippines back to 741: 727: 713: 707:) which means "dagger". In 646: 640: 634: 628: 622: 616: 610: 184:Mataram-Cakranegara Kingdom 117: 111: 105: 10: 9218: 9024:Indigenous Day of the Dead 7579:: Representative List 3838:van Duuren, David (2002). 3628:"UNESCO - Indonesian Kris" 2734:Frans Francken the Younger 2595: 2584:, historical flags of the 2462:Indonesian National Museum 2424: 2303: 2237: 2202:, in the last days of the 2179: 1896: 1881:As with the hilt, a kris' 1093:'s expedition (1405–1433)— 920: 73: 8929: 8920: 8731:Moldovan Christmas Carols 8693:Lithuanian cross crafting 8615:Festivity of Saint Blaise 8459: 8450: 8383:Tugging rituals and games 8131:Ladkah Buddhist chantings 7991:Gangneung Danoje Festival 7805: 7798: 7728: 7721: 7710: 7591: 7584: 7493: 7480: 7323: 7245: 7219: 7078: 6734:American Tomahawk Company 6714: 6483: 6023: 5857: 5839: 5766: 5737: 5718: 5701: 5685: 5612: 5567: 5511: 5500: 5431: 5420: 5384: 5331: 5273: 5269: 5258: 5219: 5181: 5138: 5134: 5123: 5100: 5058: 5042: 4996: 4970: 4871: 4773: 4618: 4614: 4603: 4166:. Java Keris. 9 July 2011 4117:Andreanto, Randu (2011). 3959:Che Husna Azhari (2011). 3911:. Yale University Press. 3795:. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka. 3125:, rapier version of keris 3041:The kris appears in both 3038:has a kris as her weapon. 2078:Kris in 19th century Java 1868: 1607:copying the shape of the 1347:Tome Pires, Suma Oriental 1014:betel nut preparation kit 925: 881:and pronounced either as 517: 507: 499: 494: 484: 474: 470:Traditional craftsmanship 466: 456: 440: 429: 424: 406: 381: 360: 355: 336: 328: 318: 313: 275: 233: 155: 150: 137:Place of origin 136: 126: 96: 83: 8934:Carnaval de Barranquilla 8827:Sauna culture in Finland 8633:Georgian vocal polyphony 8313:Royal ballet of Cambodia 7700:Zambian Makishi Festival 7676:Ugandan barkcloth making 6759:Camillus Cutlery Company 4476:. Cerberus Corporation. 4336:www.netherlandsandyou.nl 4020:An Introduction to Keris 3994:Gateway To Malay Culture 3526:Groneman, Isaäc (2009). 3153: 3034:franchise the character 2683:Collections, before 1933 2640:'s national heroes from 2445:Indonesian national hero 1816:iron. Traditionally the 1779:with a small content of 1704: 1562: 1481: 1208: 1000:. In 992 the envoy from 351: (Gunong), Chundrik 9092:San Basilio de Palenque 8106:Koshikijima no Toshidon 7931:Chinese shadow puppetry 7695:Zafimaniry woodcrafting 7070:Zwilling J. A. Henckels 6852:Gerber Legendary Blades 5968:Japanese kitchen knives 5849:List of blade materials 5443:Weapons of pencak silat 4099:. Neka Art Museum, Bali 3885:Gardner, G. B. (1936). 3143:, dagger from West Java 3131:, oldest surviving kris 3027:there is a cursed kris. 2520:. The former emblem of 2447:, Prince Diponegoro of 2382:Thomas Stamford Raffles 2376:Weapon of Java: Keris, 2155:Thomas Stamford Raffles 2135:Thomas Stamford Raffles 2115:Thomas Stamford Raffles 2095:Thomas Stamford Raffles 2016:the kris is revered as 1993:, in which the villain 1842: 1366:Thomas Stamford Raffles 844: 836: 830: 822: 288:Mongol invasion of Java 241:(mainly and originally) 8989:Danza de los Voladores 8984:Dancing Devils of Yare 8606:Falles of the Pyrenees 8464:Albanian iso-polyphony 8378:Thathera utensil craft 8323:Royal Ancestral Ritual 7926:Chinese seal engraving 7911:Chinese block printing 7738:Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliyyah 7053:Yoshida Metal Industry 6917:Medford Knife and Tool 6779:Clauss Cutlery Company 6642:Microtech Jagdkommando 6470:Yarara Parachute Knife 5211:Miniature meriam kecil 4523:Vostochnaya Kollektsia 4370:Azia i Afrika Segodnya 3905:Reid, Anthony (1988). 3727:"Notes on Maguindanao" 3682:"The Meaning of Keris" 2481: 2443:. Today considered as 2385: 2322:, the mighty viceroy ( 2315: 2253: 2172:(Javanese chronicle). 2050: 1982: 1963: 1905:(lit. "possessor") or 1878: 1852: 1828: 1724: 1580: 1491: 1490:Kris-making in Jakarta 1419: 1369: 1350: 1120: 1051:' (1817) study of the 1044: 1020:mat with the image of 985: 939: 897:dialect it is spelled 866: 586:Indonesian archipelago 574:martial art native to 228:Indonesian archipelago 9172:Indonesian inventions 8979:Costa Rican oxherding 8863:The Song of the Sibyl 8766:Mystery Play of Elche 8581:Daredevils of Sassoun 7966:Durga Puja in Kolkata 7921:Chinese paper cutting 7681:Vimbuza healing dance 7065:Zero Tolerance Knives 7038:Western Knife Company 6947:Ontario Knife Company 6819:Ek Commando Knife Co. 5767:Armours & shields 5738:Miscellaneous weapons 5702:Pole or spear weapons 5232:Bujang Timpang Berang 5059:Miscellaneous weapons 4997:Pole or spear weapons 4374:Asia and Africa Today 3462:Kamus Pepak Basa Jawa 2510:Riau Islands Province 2475: 2375: 2313: 2304:Further information: 2265:in the 15th century. 2247: 2048: 1973: 1957: 1876: 1850: 1712: 1570: 1489: 1407: 1355: 1340: 1099: 1039:period, exhibited at 1030: 979: 933: 877:it is always spelled 568:commonly used in the 76:Kris (disambiguation) 9192:Weapons of Indonesia 9167:Culture of Indonesia 8868:Suiti Cultural Space 8469:Ashiqs of Azerbaijan 8358:Songkran in Thailand 8263:Oku-noto no Aenokoto 7956:Dragon Boat Festival 7906:Chinese architecture 7781:Taghribat Bani Hilal 6985:SOG Specialty Knives 4491:Gardner, Gerald B., 3393:Pires, Tomé (1990). 3168:Indonesian languages 2616:Yogyakarta Sultanate 2261:and the rise of the 2252:royal regalia, 1907. 1855:The handle or hilt ( 1438:when the rebellious 1237:improve this article 489:Asia and the Pacific 216:Yogyakarta Sultanate 74:For other uses, see 8658:Karagöz and Hacivat 8565:Croatian lacemaking 8161:Manipuri Sankirtana 7916:Chinese calligraphy 7636:Kamablon re-roofing 6957:Randall Made Knives 6809:Dalian Hanwei Metal 6724:Aitor Knife Company 6638:Mark I trench knife 6451:Verlängerungsmesser 6054:Ballpoint pen knife 5534:Kelantanese klewang 5436:Traditional weapons 3564:www.batukarinfo.com 3528:"The Javanese Kris" 3210:, lit. "to slice"; 3059:Anya Melfissa from 2378:The History of Java 2151:The History of Java 2131:The History of Java 2111:The History of Java 2091:The History of Java 1997:magically enchants 1462:Christian Filipinos 1452:Spanish East Indies 1393:early modern period 1362:The History of Java 1075:in the center, and 711:, kris is known as 668:, and Setan Kober. 513:Representative List 495:Inscription history 399:and decorated with 296:Majapahit civil war 284:Pamalayu expedition 8750:Mediterranean diet 8531:Carnival of Binche 8486:Azerbaijani carpet 8166:Mangal Shobhajatra 7971:Epic of King Gesar 7824:Akiu no Taue Odori 7766:Palestinian hikaye 7237:Knifemakers' Guild 7108:John Nelson Cooper 6769:Chris Reeve Knives 6503:Arkansas toothpick 6277:Pantographic knife 6044:Balisong/Butterfly 5617:) & machetes ( 4876:) & machetes ( 4609:Traditional weapon 4500:2021-05-18 at the 4462:David van Duuren, 4455:David van Duuren, 4292:2011-09-04 at the 4254:, Majapahit Story. 4025:2011-10-11 at the 3809:Ying-yai Sheng-lan 3118:Flame-bladed sword 2636:with kris, one of 2543:, particularly of 2482: 2386: 2316: 2254: 2051: 1983: 1964: 1879: 1853: 1725: 1581: 1492: 1420: 1370: 1330:Javanese tradition 1113:or more precisely 1045: 986: 940: 503:2008 (3rd session) 314:Production history 212:Surakarta Sunanate 180:Karangasem Kingdom 164:Singhasari Kingdom 42:You can assist by 9144: 9143: 9140: 9139: 9029:Kallawaya culture 8959:Carnaval de Oruro 8916: 8915: 8832:Semeiskie culture 8481:Aubusson tapestry 8446: 8445: 8181:Mibu no Hana Taue 8041:Hitachi Furyumono 7946:Dainichido Bugaku 7794: 7793: 7708: 7707: 7656:Mbende Jerusarema 7543: 7542: 7537: 7536: 7532: 7531: 7475: 7474: 7267: 7266: 7028:Carl Walther GmbH 5795: 5794: 5459: 5458: 5455: 5454: 5451: 5450: 5416: 5415: 5412: 5411: 5254: 5253: 5250: 5249: 5098: 5097: 5094: 5093: 4509:978-974-8304-29-8 4483:978-0-615-38242-5 3996:. Asiapac. 2004. 3918:978-0-300-03921-4 3851:978-90-73187-42-9 3806:Ma Huan (1970) . 3667:978-0-89148-017-4 3589:Pustaka Kemdikbud 3540:on 10 August 2014 3376:978-979-1274-66-1 3329:"Keris Indonesia" 3014:competition show 2971: 2953: 2936: 2919: 2902: 2885: 2868: 2836: 2819: 2801: 2799:Mataram Sultanate 2779: 2765: 2751: 2737: 2717: 2684: 2662: 2645: 2634:Prince Diponegoro 2619: 2612:Hamengkubuwono VI 2590:Cotabato Province 2586:Sultanate of Sulu 2541:Malay nationalism 2506:Mataram Sultanate 2388:During a battle, 2263:Malacca Sultanate 2176:Kris Mpu Gandring 1500:(royal court) of 1440:Prince Diponegoro 1429:Dutch East Indies 1410:Dutch East Indies 1386:subclavian artery 1378:Malacca Sultanate 1372:In many parts of 1322:Hikayat Hang Tuah 1313: 1312: 1305: 1287: 905:it is spelled as 536: 535: 420: 419: 244:Also familiar to 242: 208:Mataram Sultanate 200:Malacca Sultanate 72: 71: 64: 16:Indonesian weapon 9209: 9107:Taquile textiles 9004:Garifuna culture 8994:Danza de tijeras 8927: 8926: 8852:Slovácko Verbuňk 8727:Makishi Festival 8643:Houtem Jaarmarkt 8521:Cante Alentejano 8457: 8456: 8151:Longquan celadon 8036:Hayachine Kagura 7961:Drametse Ngacham 7803: 7802: 7799:Asia and Pacific 7726: 7725: 7716: 7631:Ijele Masquerade 7606:Garifuna culture 7589: 7588: 7570: 7563: 7556: 7547: 7546: 7521: 7505: 7496: 7495: 7484: 7483: 7464: 7448: 7432: 7415: 7399: 7383: 7367: 7351: 7335: 7326: 7325: 7318: 7317: 7304: 7294: 7287: 7280: 7271: 7270: 7253: 7252: 7151:William F. Moran 7131:Phill Hartsfield 6922:Microtech Knives 6869:Imperial Schrade 6864:Glock Ges.m.b.H. 6412:Swiss Army knife 5928:Grapefruit knife 5822: 5815: 5808: 5799: 5798: 5719:Flexible weapons 5539:Langgai Tinggang 5504:Weapons of silat 5486: 5479: 5472: 5463: 5462: 5433: 5432: 5422: 5421: 5271: 5270: 5264:Armor and outfit 5260: 5259: 5136: 5135: 5129:Gunpowder weapon 5125: 5124: 5118: 5112: 5106: 5043:Flexible weapons 4740:Piso Sanalenggam 4690:Langgai Tinggang 4616: 4615: 4605: 4604: 4592: 4585: 4578: 4569: 4568: 4487: 4444: 4443: 4441: 4440: 4429: 4423: 4422: 4420: 4419: 4408: 4402: 4401: 4399: 4397: 4383: 4377: 4366: 4360: 4359: 4358:. 21 April 2020. 4352: 4346: 4345: 4343: 4342: 4327: 4321: 4320: 4318: 4317: 4311:The Jakarta Post 4302: 4296: 4284: 4278: 4273: 4267: 4261: 4255: 4249: 4243: 4242: 4240: 4239: 4223: 4217: 4216: 4214: 4213: 4207:Indonesia Travel 4199: 4193: 4192: 4181: 4175: 4174: 4172: 4171: 4160: 4154: 4153: 4151: 4150: 4135: 4129: 4128: 4123: 4114: 4108: 4107: 4105: 4104: 4093: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4077:on 28 April 2013 4067: 4061: 4060: 4058: 4057: 4042: 4029: 4017: 4008: 4007: 3990: 3984: 3981: 3975: 3974: 3956: 3950: 3949: 3947: 3945: 3940:on 8 August 2014 3929: 3923: 3922: 3902: 3891: 3890: 3882: 3876: 3873:Moesson Magazine 3869: 3863: 3862: 3860: 3858: 3835: 3829: 3828: 3803: 3797: 3796: 3788: 3782: 3781: 3763: 3757: 3756: 3750: 3742: 3740: 3738: 3722: 3716: 3715: 3704: 3698: 3697: 3695: 3693: 3678: 3672: 3671: 3651: 3642: 3641: 3639: 3638: 3624: 3601: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3581: 3575: 3574: 3572: 3571: 3556: 3550: 3549: 3547: 3545: 3539: 3532: 3523: 3512: 3511: 3509: 3507: 3498:. Archived from 3496:The Jakarta Post 3487: 3478: 3472: 3466: 3465: 3457: 3451: 3450: 3442: 3436: 3435: 3417: 3411: 3410: 3390: 3381: 3380: 3359: 3344: 3343: 3341: 3340: 3325: 3309: 3294: 3283: 3260: 3244: 3228: 3208: 3202:; krama inggil: 3200: 3192: 3185: 3177: 3164: 3112: 3110:Singapore portal 3107: 3106: 3105: 3098: 3093: 3092: 3091: 3084: 3082:Indonesia portal 3079: 3078: 3077: 2980: 2965: 2962: 2948: 2945: 2931: 2928: 2914: 2911: 2897: 2894: 2880: 2877: 2863: 2860: 2845: 2831: 2828: 2813: 2810: 2796: 2793: 2777: 2774: 2763: 2760: 2749: 2746: 2731: 2728: 2696: 2693: 2674: 2671: 2657: 2654: 2631: 2628: 2609: 2606: 2551:Sang Saka Bangsa 2491:Javanese culture 2433:Willem-Alexander 2300:Kris Setan Kober 2259:Majapahit Empire 2234:Kris Taming Sari 2146: 2126: 2106: 2086: 2014:Javanese culture 1960:Javanese culture 1950:Cultural beliefs 1915:Javanese beliefs 1860: 1837: 1831: 1821: 1811: 1798: 1788: 1774: 1768: 1762: 1756: 1750: 1744: 1738: 1732: 1727:The distinctive 1722: 1700: 1689: 1683: 1677: 1652: 1646: 1640: 1634: 1594: 1588: 1558: 1552: 1546: 1418: 1415: 1348: 1337: 1308: 1301: 1297: 1294: 1288: 1286: 1245: 1221: 1213: 1168: 1156: 1089:—a record about 869: 847: 841: 833: 827: 752: 744: 738: 730: 724: 716: 706: 649: 643: 637: 631: 625: 619: 613: 598:Javanese culture 522: 445: 422: 421: 332:Majapahit Empire 300:Siege of Batavia 280:Battle of Genter 240: 220:Brunei Sultanate 168:Majapahit Empire 120: 114: 108: 101: 92: 91: 90: 81: 80: 67: 60: 56: 53: 47: 27: 26: 19: 9217: 9216: 9212: 9211: 9210: 9208: 9207: 9206: 9197:Weapons of Java 9147: 9146: 9145: 9136: 9042:Maroon Heritage 9034:Mexican cuisine 8969:Círio de Nazaré 8922: 8912: 8638:Horezu ceramics 8546:Christmas Tsars 8498:Azerbaijani tar 8452: 8442: 8393:Vedic chantings 8056:Indonesian kris 7881:Cantonese opera 7871:Boysun District 7790: 7786:Tan-Tan Moussem 7717: 7704: 7611:Afounkaha Gbofe 7580: 7574: 7544: 7539: 7538: 7533: 7528: 7522: 7512: 7506: 7489: 7476: 7471: 7465: 7455: 7449: 7439: 7433: 7423: 7416: 7406: 7400: 7390: 7384: 7374: 7368: 7358: 7352: 7342: 7336: 7319: 7312: 7298: 7268: 7263: 7255:Category:Knives 7241: 7215: 7206:Buster Warenski 7196:Robert Terzuola 7161:Ralph Osterhout 7126:Bill Harsey Jr. 7103:Blackie Collins 7074: 7043:Wilkinson Sword 6710: 6646:Parrying dagger 6633:Liaoning dagger 6479: 6019: 6003:Unagisaki hōchō 5862: 5853: 5844:List of daggers 5835: 5826: 5796: 5791: 5762: 5733: 5714: 5697: 5681: 5654:Parang Chandong 5608: 5563: 5507: 5496: 5490: 5460: 5447: 5427: 5408: 5380: 5327: 5318:Peurise Teumaga 5265: 5246: 5215: 5177: 5130: 5119: 5113: 5107: 5090: 5054: 5038: 4992: 4966: 4937:Parang Chandong 4867: 4769: 4610: 4599: 4596: 4540: 4502:Wayback Machine 4484: 4452: 4450:Further reading 4447: 4438: 4436: 4431: 4430: 4426: 4417: 4415: 4410: 4409: 4405: 4395: 4393: 4385: 4384: 4380: 4367: 4363: 4354: 4353: 4349: 4340: 4338: 4328: 4324: 4315: 4313: 4303: 4299: 4294:Wayback Machine 4285: 4281: 4274: 4270: 4266:, Cursed Sword. 4264:Indonesian Myth 4262: 4258: 4250: 4246: 4237: 4235: 4234:(in Indonesian) 4224: 4220: 4211: 4209: 4201: 4200: 4196: 4183: 4182: 4178: 4169: 4167: 4162: 4161: 4157: 4148: 4146: 4145:(in Indonesian) 4137: 4136: 4132: 4121: 4115: 4111: 4102: 4100: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4080: 4078: 4069: 4068: 4064: 4055: 4053: 4044: 4043: 4032: 4027:Wayback Machine 4018: 4011: 4004: 3992: 3991: 3987: 3982: 3978: 3971: 3957: 3953: 3943: 3941: 3930: 3926: 3919: 3903: 3894: 3883: 3879: 3870: 3866: 3856: 3854: 3852: 3836: 3832: 3825: 3815:Hakluyt Society 3804: 3800: 3789: 3785: 3778: 3764: 3760: 3744: 3743: 3736: 3734: 3723: 3719: 3706: 3705: 3701: 3691: 3689: 3688:(in Indonesian) 3680: 3679: 3675: 3668: 3652: 3645: 3636: 3634: 3626: 3625: 3604: 3594: 3592: 3583: 3582: 3578: 3569: 3567: 3566:(in Indonesian) 3558: 3557: 3553: 3543: 3541: 3537: 3530: 3524: 3515: 3505: 3503: 3502:on 29 July 2014 3488: 3481: 3473: 3469: 3458: 3454: 3443: 3439: 3432: 3418: 3414: 3407: 3391: 3384: 3377: 3361: 3360: 3347: 3338: 3336: 3335:(in Indonesian) 3327: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3313: 3312: 3183: 3178:; krama inggil 3175: 3165: 3161: 3156: 3108: 3103: 3101: 3096:Malaysia portal 3094: 3089: 3087: 3080: 3075: 3073: 3070: 3012:History Channel 3004:Just So Stories 2999:Rudyard Kipling 2994: 2992:Popular culture 2987: 2981: 2972: 2963: 2954: 2946: 2937: 2929: 2920: 2912: 2903: 2895: 2886: 2878: 2869: 2866:West Kalimantan 2861: 2852: 2846: 2837: 2829: 2820: 2811: 2802: 2794: 2780: 2775: 2766: 2761: 2752: 2747: 2738: 2729: 2718: 2694: 2685: 2679:with his kris, 2672: 2663: 2655: 2646: 2629: 2620: 2607: 2598: 2546:ketuanan Melayu 2470: 2429: 2423: 2421:Kris Diponegoro 2357:) the ruler of 2343:Demak Sultanate 2320:Arya Penangsang 2308: 2302: 2242: 2236: 2190:comes from the 2184: 2178: 2165: 2158: 2147: 2138: 2127: 2118: 2107: 2098: 2087: 1952: 1899: 1871: 1845: 1707: 1597:keris buah beko 1565: 1534: 1484: 1416: 1349: 1346: 1320:is said in the 1309: 1298: 1292: 1289: 1246: 1244: 1234: 1222: 1211: 1172: 1169: 1160: 1157: 1148: 1126:Currently, the 1097:describes that 1086:Yingya Shenglan 1035:(1342 AD) from 967:Mataram Kingdom 928: 923: 893:, while in the 750: 736: 722: 704: 685: 626:), and sheath ( 523: 452: 451: 436: 292:Battle of Bubat 243: 224:Malay Peninsula 204:Demak Sultanate 160:Mataram Kingdom 156:In service 151:Service history 122: 88: 87: 86: 84: 79: 68: 57: 51: 48: 41: 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 9215: 9205: 9204: 9199: 9194: 9189: 9187:Ritual weapons 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9164: 9159: 9142: 9141: 9138: 9137: 9135: 9134: 9132:Záparo culture 9129: 9124: 9122:Wajãpi culture 9119: 9114: 9112:Tumba francesa 9109: 9104: 9099: 9094: 9089: 9084: 9079: 9074: 9069: 9064: 9059: 9057:Peña de Bernal 9054: 9049: 9044: 9036: 9031: 9026: 9021: 9016: 9011: 9009:Gióng Festival 9006: 9001: 8996: 8991: 8986: 8981: 8976: 8971: 8966: 8961: 8956: 8951: 8946: 8941: 8936: 8930: 8924: 8918: 8917: 8914: 8913: 8911: 8910: 8905: 8900: 8895: 8893:Wajãpi culture 8890: 8885: 8883:Turkish coffee 8880: 8875: 8870: 8865: 8860: 8854: 8849: 8844: 8839: 8834: 8829: 8824: 8819: 8814: 8809: 8807:Opera dei Pupi 8804: 8799: 8794: 8793: 8792: 8789: 8779: 8774: 8769: 8762: 8757: 8752: 8747: 8742: 8737: 8732: 8729: 8724: 8715: 8710: 8705: 8700: 8695: 8690: 8685: 8680: 8675: 8670: 8665: 8660: 8655: 8650: 8645: 8640: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8622: 8617: 8612: 8607: 8604: 8599: 8594: 8589: 8584: 8577: 8572: 8567: 8562: 8557: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8528: 8526:Cantu a tenore 8523: 8518: 8513: 8508: 8503: 8500: 8495: 8494: 8493: 8483: 8478: 8477: 8476: 8466: 8460: 8454: 8448: 8447: 8444: 8443: 8441: 8440: 8435: 8430: 8425: 8420: 8415: 8410: 8405: 8403:Xi'an ensemble 8400: 8395: 8390: 8385: 8380: 8375: 8370: 8365: 8360: 8355: 8350: 8348:Sekishu-Banshi 8345: 8340: 8335: 8330: 8325: 8320: 8315: 8310: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8290: 8285: 8280: 8275: 8270: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8254: 8253: 8248: 8238: 8233: 8228: 8223: 8218: 8213: 8211:Namsadang Nori 8208: 8203: 8198: 8193: 8188: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8163: 8158: 8153: 8148: 8143: 8138: 8133: 8128: 8123: 8118: 8113: 8108: 8103: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8083: 8078: 8073: 8068: 8063: 8058: 8053: 8048: 8043: 8038: 8033: 8028: 8023: 8018: 8013: 8008: 8003: 8001:Gióng Festival 7998: 7993: 7988: 7986:Ganggangsullae 7983: 7978: 7973: 7968: 7963: 7958: 7953: 7948: 7943: 7938: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7918: 7913: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7893: 7888: 7883: 7878: 7873: 7868: 7863: 7858: 7853: 7848: 7843: 7836: 7831: 7826: 7821: 7816: 7806: 7800: 7796: 7795: 7792: 7791: 7789: 7788: 7783: 7778: 7776:Song of Sana'a 7773: 7768: 7763: 7758: 7753: 7740: 7735: 7729: 7723: 7719: 7718: 7711: 7709: 7706: 7705: 7703: 7702: 7697: 7692: 7683: 7678: 7673: 7668: 7663: 7658: 7653: 7651:Mauritian Sega 7648: 7646:Manden Charter 7643: 7638: 7633: 7628: 7623: 7618: 7613: 7608: 7603: 7598: 7592: 7586: 7582: 7581: 7573: 7572: 7565: 7558: 7550: 7541: 7540: 7535: 7534: 7530: 7529: 7515: 7513: 7499: 7494: 7491: 7490: 7481: 7478: 7477: 7473: 7472: 7458: 7456: 7442: 7440: 7426: 7424: 7409: 7407: 7393: 7391: 7377: 7375: 7361: 7359: 7345: 7343: 7329: 7324: 7321: 7320: 7297: 7296: 7289: 7282: 7274: 7265: 7264: 7262: 7261: 7246: 7243: 7242: 7240: 7239: 7234: 7229: 7223: 7221: 7217: 7216: 7214: 7213: 7211:Daniel Winkler 7208: 7203: 7201:Michael Walker 7198: 7193: 7188: 7186:William Scagel 7183: 7178: 7173: 7168: 7163: 7158: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7116:Ernest Emerson 7113: 7110: 7105: 7100: 7095: 7090: 7084: 7082: 7076: 7075: 7073: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7061: 7060: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7030: 7025: 7020: 7015: 7010: 7005: 7000: 6998:Strider Knives 6995: 6992: 6987: 6982: 6977: 6972: 6967: 6962: 6961:Ranz Cuchillos 6959: 6954: 6949: 6944: 6939: 6934: 6929: 6924: 6919: 6914: 6909: 6907:Mad Dog Knives 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6882:Kershaw Knives 6879: 6874: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6855: 6854: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6827:Emerson Knives 6824: 6821: 6816: 6814:Dexter-Russell 6811: 6806: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6786: 6784:Cobray Company 6781: 6776: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6731: 6726: 6720: 6718: 6712: 6711: 6709: 6708: 6703: 6698: 6693: 6688: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6668: 6663: 6658: 6653: 6648: 6643: 6640: 6635: 6630: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6578:Hunting dagger 6575: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6550: 6545: 6540: 6535: 6533:Bollock dagger 6530: 6525: 6520: 6515: 6510: 6505: 6500: 6495: 6489: 6487: 6481: 6480: 6478: 6477: 6472: 6467: 6462: 6457: 6452: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6429: 6427:Throwing knife 6424: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6407:Survival knife 6404: 6399: 6397:Straight razor 6394: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6354: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6229: 6224: 6219: 6217:Laguiole knife 6214: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6187:Jacob's ladder 6184: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6139:Gerber Mark II 6136: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6030: 6028: 6021: 6020: 6018: 6017: 6016: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5943:Parmesan knife 5940: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5918:Electric knife 5915: 5910: 5905: 5900: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5875: 5869: 5867: 5855: 5854: 5852: 5851: 5846: 5840: 5837: 5836: 5825: 5824: 5817: 5810: 5802: 5793: 5792: 5790: 5789: 5786: 5781: 5776: 5770: 5768: 5764: 5763: 5761: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5741: 5739: 5735: 5734: 5732: 5731: 5728: 5722: 5720: 5716: 5715: 5713: 5712: 5709: 5705: 5703: 5699: 5698: 5696: 5695: 5689: 5687: 5686:Impact weapons 5683: 5682: 5680: 5679: 5674: 5669: 5666: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5649:Parang Bongkok 5646: 5641: 5636: 5633: 5630: 5624: 5622: 5610: 5609: 5607: 5606: 5603: 5598: 5595: 5590: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5571: 5569: 5565: 5564: 5562: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5523: 5522:Buaya Berenang 5519: 5517: 5509: 5508: 5501: 5498: 5497: 5489: 5488: 5481: 5474: 5466: 5457: 5456: 5453: 5452: 5449: 5448: 5446: 5445: 5439: 5437: 5429: 5428: 5418: 5417: 5414: 5413: 5410: 5409: 5407: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5390: 5388: 5382: 5381: 5379: 5378: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5337: 5335: 5329: 5328: 5326: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5279: 5277: 5267: 5266: 5256: 5255: 5252: 5251: 5248: 5247: 5245: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5229: 5223: 5221: 5217: 5216: 5214: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5187: 5185: 5179: 5178: 5176: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5144: 5142: 5132: 5131: 5121: 5120: 5101: 5099: 5096: 5095: 5092: 5091: 5089: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5068: 5062: 5060: 5056: 5055: 5053: 5052: 5046: 5044: 5040: 5039: 5037: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5000: 4998: 4994: 4993: 4991: 4990: 4985: 4980: 4974: 4972: 4971:Impact weapons 4968: 4967: 4965: 4964: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4883: 4881: 4869: 4868: 4866: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4830: 4825: 4820: 4815: 4810: 4805: 4804: 4803: 4798: 4788: 4783: 4777: 4775: 4771: 4770: 4768: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4722: 4717: 4712: 4707: 4702: 4697: 4692: 4687: 4682: 4677: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4647: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4626: 4624: 4612: 4611: 4601: 4600: 4595: 4594: 4587: 4580: 4572: 4566: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4539: 4538:External links 4536: 4535: 4534: 4519: 4512: 4488: 4482: 4467: 4460: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4445: 4424: 4403: 4378: 4361: 4347: 4322: 4297: 4279: 4268: 4256: 4244: 4232:Tribunnews.com 4218: 4194: 4191:on 2015-09-04. 4176: 4155: 4130: 4109: 4088: 4062: 4030: 4009: 4003:978-9812293268 4002: 3985: 3976: 3969: 3951: 3924: 3917: 3892: 3877: 3864: 3850: 3830: 3823: 3798: 3783: 3776: 3758: 3717: 3699: 3673: 3666: 3657:A Kawi Lexicon 3643: 3632:ich.unesco.org 3602: 3576: 3551: 3513: 3479: 3467: 3452: 3437: 3430: 3412: 3405: 3382: 3375: 3345: 3319: 3317: 3314: 3311: 3310: 3158: 3157: 3155: 3152: 3151: 3150: 3144: 3138: 3132: 3126: 3120: 3114: 3113: 3099: 3085: 3069: 3066: 3065: 3064: 3057: 3050: 3039: 3028: 3021: 3017:Forged in Fire 3008: 2993: 2990: 2989: 2988: 2982: 2975: 2973: 2964: 2957: 2955: 2947: 2940: 2938: 2930: 2923: 2921: 2915:Old emblem of 2913: 2906: 2904: 2896: 2889: 2887: 2879: 2872: 2870: 2862: 2855: 2853: 2847: 2840: 2838: 2830: 2823: 2821: 2812: 2805: 2803: 2795: 2788: 2786: 2782: 2781: 2776: 2769: 2767: 2762: 2755: 2753: 2748: 2741: 2739: 2730: 2723: 2720: 2719: 2716:. before 2003. 2695: 2688: 2686: 2673: 2666: 2664: 2656: 2649: 2647: 2630: 2623: 2621: 2608: 2601: 2597: 2594: 2528:1 coin with a 2469: 2466: 2425:Main article: 2422: 2419: 2301: 2298: 2271:Sejarah Melayu 2267:Tun Sri Lanang 2238:Main article: 2235: 2232: 2204:Kediri kingdom 2180:Main article: 2177: 2174: 2164: 2161: 2160: 2159: 2148: 2141: 2139: 2128: 2121: 2119: 2108: 2101: 2099: 2088: 2081: 2079: 1951: 1948: 1898: 1895: 1870: 1867: 1844: 1841: 1772:ladrang cendan 1760:kembang kacang 1706: 1703: 1564: 1561: 1533: 1530: 1483: 1480: 1382:hukuman salang 1344: 1311: 1310: 1225: 1223: 1216: 1210: 1207: 1190:canto XVII, a 1174: 1173: 1170: 1163: 1161: 1158: 1151: 1147: 1144: 1022:white cockatoo 927: 924: 922: 919: 854:Sulu Sultanate 777:it is spelled 757:(subsequently 691:come from the 684: 681: 534: 533: 515: 514: 511: 505: 504: 501: 497: 496: 492: 491: 486: 482: 481: 476: 472: 471: 468: 464: 463: 458: 454: 453: 446: 438: 437: 430: 427: 426: 418: 417: 414: 404: 403: 386: 379: 378: 365: 358: 357: 356:Specifications 353: 352: 338: 334: 333: 330: 326: 325: 320: 316: 315: 311: 310: 304:Diponegoro War 277: 273: 272: 235: 231: 230: 226:, present day 188:Mengwi Kingdom 176:Badung Kingdom 157: 153: 152: 148: 147: 138: 134: 133: 128: 124: 123: 115:) and sheath ( 102: 94: 93: 70: 69: 52:September 2024 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9214: 9203: 9200: 9198: 9195: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9157:Blade weapons 9155: 9154: 9152: 9133: 9130: 9128: 9125: 9123: 9120: 9118: 9115: 9113: 9110: 9108: 9105: 9103: 9100: 9098: 9095: 9093: 9090: 9088: 9087:Samba de Roda 9085: 9083: 9080: 9078: 9075: 9073: 9070: 9068: 9065: 9063: 9060: 9058: 9055: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9037: 9035: 9032: 9030: 9027: 9025: 9022: 9020: 9017: 9015: 9012: 9010: 9007: 9005: 9002: 9000: 8997: 8995: 8992: 8990: 8987: 8985: 8982: 8980: 8977: 8975: 8972: 8970: 8967: 8965: 8962: 8960: 8957: 8955: 8952: 8950: 8947: 8945: 8942: 8940: 8937: 8935: 8932: 8931: 8928: 8925: 8923:Latin America 8921:Caribbean and 8919: 8909: 8906: 8904: 8901: 8899: 8896: 8894: 8891: 8889: 8886: 8884: 8881: 8879: 8876: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8861: 8859: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8843: 8840: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8830: 8828: 8825: 8823: 8820: 8818: 8815: 8813: 8810: 8808: 8805: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8795: 8790: 8788: 8785: 8784: 8783: 8780: 8778: 8775: 8773: 8770: 8768: 8767: 8763: 8761: 8758: 8756: 8753: 8751: 8748: 8746: 8743: 8741: 8738: 8736: 8733: 8730: 8728: 8725: 8723: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8706: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8679: 8678:Kihnu culture 8676: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8664: 8661: 8659: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8649: 8648:Istrian scale 8646: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8623: 8621: 8618: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8605: 8603: 8600: 8598: 8595: 8593: 8590: 8588: 8585: 8583: 8582: 8578: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8552: 8549: 8547: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8504: 8501: 8499: 8496: 8492: 8489: 8488: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8479: 8475: 8472: 8471: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8461: 8458: 8455: 8453:North America 8449: 8439: 8436: 8434: 8431: 8429: 8426: 8424: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8409: 8406: 8404: 8401: 8399: 8396: 8394: 8391: 8389: 8386: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8336: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8328:Sada Shin Noh 8326: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8281: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8256: 8252: 8249: 8247: 8244: 8243: 8242: 8239: 8237: 8234: 8232: 8229: 8227: 8224: 8222: 8219: 8217: 8214: 8212: 8209: 8207: 8204: 8202: 8199: 8197: 8194: 8192: 8189: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8164: 8162: 8159: 8157: 8154: 8152: 8149: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8139: 8137: 8134: 8132: 8129: 8127: 8124: 8122: 8119: 8117: 8114: 8112: 8109: 8107: 8104: 8102: 8099: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8087: 8084: 8082: 8079: 8077: 8074: 8072: 8069: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8057: 8054: 8052: 8051:Hudhud Chants 8049: 8047: 8044: 8042: 8039: 8037: 8034: 8032: 8029: 8027: 8024: 8022: 8019: 8017: 8014: 8012: 8009: 8007: 8004: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7994: 7992: 7989: 7987: 7984: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7957: 7954: 7952: 7951:Darangen Epic 7949: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7939: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7861:Beijing opera 7859: 7857: 7854: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7846:Bakhshi music 7844: 7841: 7837: 7835: 7832: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7811: 7808: 7807: 7804: 7801: 7797: 7787: 7784: 7782: 7779: 7777: 7774: 7772: 7769: 7767: 7764: 7762: 7761:Jemaa el-Fnaa 7759: 7757: 7754: 7752: 7748: 7744: 7741: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7730: 7727: 7724: 7720: 7715: 7701: 7698: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7654: 7652: 7649: 7647: 7644: 7642: 7639: 7637: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7602: 7601:Chopi timbila 7599: 7597: 7594: 7593: 7590: 7587: 7583: 7578: 7571: 7566: 7564: 7559: 7557: 7552: 7551: 7548: 7527: 7525: 7520: 7514: 7511: 7509: 7504: 7498: 7497: 7492: 7485: 7479: 7470: 7468: 7463: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7447: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7431: 7425: 7422: 7420: 7414: 7408: 7405: 7403: 7398: 7392: 7389: 7387: 7382: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7366: 7360: 7357: 7355: 7350: 7344: 7341: 7339: 7334: 7328: 7327: 7322: 7316: 7311: 7307: 7303: 7295: 7290: 7288: 7283: 7281: 7276: 7275: 7272: 7260: 7256: 7248: 7247: 7244: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7224: 7222: 7218: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7202: 7199: 7197: 7194: 7192: 7189: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7177: 7176:A. G. Russell 7174: 7172: 7169: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7112:Jack W. Crain 7111: 7109: 7106: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7098:Tom Brown Jr. 7096: 7094: 7091: 7089: 7088:Rex Applegate 7086: 7085: 7083: 7081: 7077: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7059: 7056: 7055: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7014: 7011: 7009: 7006: 7004: 7003:Thiers Issard 7001: 6999: 6996: 6993: 6991: 6988: 6986: 6983: 6981: 6978: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6966: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6945: 6943: 6940: 6938: 6937:Murphy Knives 6935: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6878: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6853: 6850: 6849: 6848: 6845: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6735: 6732: 6730: 6729:Al Mar Knives 6727: 6725: 6722: 6721: 6719: 6717: 6716:Manufacturers 6713: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6666:Rondel dagger 6664: 6662: 6659: 6657: 6654: 6652: 6649: 6647: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6571: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6549: 6546: 6544: 6541: 6539: 6536: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6521: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6491: 6490: 6488: 6486: 6482: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6466: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6456: 6455:Warrior knife 6453: 6450: 6448: 6447:Utility knife 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6382:Sliding knife 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6272:Palette knife 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6262:Nontron knife 6260: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6232:Marking knife 6230: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6207:Kitchen knife 6205: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6174:Hunting knife 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6164:Hacking knife 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6154:Gravity knife 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6089:Ceramic knife 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6031: 6029: 6027: 6022: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5993:Sashimi bōchō 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5970: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5888:Butcher knife 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5860: 5856: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5841: 5838: 5834: 5830: 5823: 5818: 5816: 5811: 5809: 5804: 5803: 5800: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5771: 5769: 5765: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5743: 5742: 5740: 5736: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5723: 5721: 5717: 5710: 5707: 5706: 5704: 5700: 5694: 5691: 5690: 5688: 5684: 5678: 5675: 5673: 5670: 5668:Parang Jengok 5667: 5665: 5664:Parang Lading 5662: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5626: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5616: 5611: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5596: 5594: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5572: 5570: 5566: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5524: 5521: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5510: 5506: 5505: 5499: 5494: 5487: 5482: 5480: 5475: 5473: 5468: 5467: 5464: 5444: 5441: 5440: 5438: 5434: 5430: 5423: 5419: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5391: 5389: 5387: 5383: 5377: 5376:Siping-siping 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5366:Karambalangan 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5338: 5336: 5334: 5330: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5280: 5278: 5276: 5272: 5268: 5261: 5257: 5243: 5240: 5238: 5235: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5227:Anak Makassar 5225: 5224: 5222: 5218: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5188: 5186: 5184: 5180: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5163:Java arquebus 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5137: 5133: 5126: 5122: 5117: 5111: 5105: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5063: 5061: 5057: 5051: 5048: 5047: 5045: 5041: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5009:Bambu runcing 5007: 5005: 5002: 5001: 4999: 4995: 4989: 4986: 4984: 4981: 4979: 4976: 4975: 4973: 4969: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4910: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4875: 4870: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4809: 4806: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4793: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4782: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4772: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4755:Sikin Panyang 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4718: 4716: 4713: 4711: 4708: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4698: 4696: 4693: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4681: 4678: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4668: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4627: 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Vol. 3 3732: 3728: 3721: 3713: 3709: 3703: 3687: 3683: 3677: 3669: 3663: 3659: 3658: 3650: 3648: 3633: 3629: 3623: 3621: 3619: 3617: 3615: 3613: 3611: 3609: 3607: 3590: 3586: 3580: 3565: 3561: 3555: 3536: 3529: 3522: 3520: 3518: 3501: 3497: 3493: 3486: 3484: 3477: 3471: 3463: 3456: 3448: 3441: 3433: 3431:90-5450-004-2 3427: 3423: 3416: 3408: 3406:81-206-0535-7 3402: 3398: 3397: 3389: 3387: 3378: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3358: 3356: 3354: 3352: 3350: 3334: 3330: 3324: 3320: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3293: 3287: 3282: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3259: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3243: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3227: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3207: 3201: 3199: 3193: 3191: 3181: 3173: 3170:, see: ngoko 3169: 3163: 3159: 3149: 3145: 3142: 3139: 3136: 3133: 3130: 3129:Kris of Knaud 3127: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3115: 3111: 3100: 3097: 3086: 3083: 3072: 3062: 3058: 3055: 3051: 3048: 3044: 3040: 3037: 3033: 3032:Mortal Kombat 3029: 3026: 3022: 3019: 3018: 3013: 3009: 3006: 3005: 3000: 2996: 2995: 2986: 2979: 2974: 2969: 2961: 2956: 2952: 2944: 2939: 2935: 2927: 2922: 2918: 2910: 2905: 2901: 2893: 2888: 2884: 2876: 2871: 2867: 2859: 2854: 2851: 2844: 2839: 2835: 2827: 2822: 2817: 2809: 2804: 2800: 2792: 2787: 2784: 2783: 2773: 2768: 2759: 2754: 2745: 2740: 2735: 2727: 2722: 2721: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2678: 2670: 2665: 2660: 2653: 2648: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2627: 2622: 2617: 2613: 2605: 2600: 2599: 2593: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2558: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2547: 2542: 2537: 2535: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2502: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2487: 2479: 2474: 2465: 2463: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2428: 2418: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2401: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2383: 2379: 2374: 2370: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2339: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2312: 2307: 2297: 2295: 2291: 2286: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2269:'s book, the 2268: 2264: 2260: 2251: 2246: 2241: 2231: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2212: 2210: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2183: 2173: 2171: 2156: 2152: 2145: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2125: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2105: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2085: 2080: 2077: 2076: 2075: 2073: 2070:die soon, so 2067: 2063: 2061: 2057: 2047: 2043: 2040: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2010: 2006: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1961: 1956: 1947: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1935: 1930: 1929: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1894: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1875: 1866: 1864: 1859: 1849: 1840: 1836: 1830: 1829:Vorstenlanden 1825: 1820: 1815: 1810: 1804: 1802: 1797: 1792: 1787: 1782: 1778: 1773: 1767: 1761: 1755: 1749: 1743: 1737: 1731: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1702: 1699: 1693: 1688: 1682: 1676: 1670: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1651: 1645: 1639: 1633: 1628: 1623: 1621: 1617: 1612: 1611: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1593: 1587: 1578: 1574: 1569: 1560: 1557: 1551: 1545: 1539: 1529: 1527: 1521: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1510:Mangkunegaran 1507: 1503: 1499: 1498: 1488: 1479: 1477: 1473: 1472: 1465: 1463: 1459: 1458: 1453: 1449: 1444: 1441: 1437: 1432: 1430: 1425: 1411: 1406: 1402: 1400: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1356:Varieties of 1354: 1343: 1339: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1323: 1319: 1307: 1304: 1296: 1285: 1282: 1278: 1275: 1271: 1268: 1264: 1261: 1257: 1254: – 1253: 1249: 1248:Find sources: 1242: 1238: 1232: 1231: 1226:This article 1224: 1220: 1215: 1214: 1206: 1204: 1199: 1198: 1193: 1189: 1188: 1182: 1180: 1167: 1162: 1155: 1150: 1149: 1143: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1128:Kris of Knaud 1124: 1119: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1098: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1087: 1081: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1033:Kris of Knaud 1029: 1025: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 994: 991: 983: 978: 974: 972: 968: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 945: 937: 932: 918: 916: 912: 908: 904: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 871: 868: 863: 859: 855: 851: 848:. The larger 846: 840: 839: 832: 826: 825: 819: 815: 810: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 776: 772: 768: 764: 760: 756: 748: 743: 734: 729: 720: 715: 710: 702: 698: 694: 690: 680: 678: 674: 669: 667: 663: 662: 657: 651: 648: 642: 636: 630: 624: 618: 612: 606: 603: 599: 595: 591: 587: 582: 581: 577: 573: 572: 567: 563: 559: 556:asymmetrical 555: 551: 550: 545: 541: 531: 527: 521: 516: 512: 510: 506: 502: 498: 493: 490: 487: 483: 480: 477: 473: 469: 465: 462: 459: 455: 450: 444: 439: 435: 434: 428: 423: 415: 413: 409: 405: 402: 398: 394: 390: 387: 384: 380: 377: 373: 370: 367:Double edged 366: 363: 359: 354: 350: 346: 342: 339: 335: 331: 327: 324: 321: 317: 312: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 285: 281: 278: 274: 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 251: 247: 239: 236: 232: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 196:Sunda Kingdom 193: 189: 185: 181: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 158: 154: 149: 146: 142: 139: 135: 132: 129: 125: 119: 113: 107: 100: 95: 82: 77: 66: 63: 55: 45: 39: 37: 32:This article 30: 21: 20: 9082:Rabinal Achí 9039:Moore Town's 8847:Sinjska alka 8842:Silbo Gomero 8772:Nestinarstvo 8764: 8755:Mesir Macunu 8579: 8433:Yūki-tsumugi 8418:Yeondeunghoe 8338:Sand drawing 8268:Pencak silat 8091:Katta Ashula 8055: 8006:Gong culture 7621:Gule Wamkulu 7516: 7500: 7459: 7443: 7435:Pencak silat 7427: 7410: 7394: 7378: 7362: 7346: 7330: 7220:Associations 7146:Bob Loveless 6975:Shun Cutlery 6859:Füritechnics 6774:Chroma Cnife 6622: 6432:Trench knife 6422:Taping knife 6372:Sheath knife 6267:Opinel knife 6183:Ivan's Knife 6124:Diving knife 6099:Combat knife 5983:Nakiri bōchō 5978:Maguro bōchō 5963:Tomato knife 5948:Pizza cutter 5923:Fillet knife 5908:Chef's knife 5903:Cheese knife 5893:Butter knife 5672:Parang Latok 5659:Parang Ginah 5639:Golok Rembau 5584: 5554:Parang Ilang 5502: 5404:Takula tofao 5341:Baju Empurau 5153:Bedil tombak 4947:Parang Taawu 4942:Parang Latok 4912:Golok Rembau 4907:Golok Ciomas 4796:Keris bahari 4790: 4735:Piso Halasan 4725:Parang Nabur 4645:Bara Sangihe 4545: 4522: 4515: 4492: 4472: 4463: 4456: 4437:. 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Retrieved 3332: 3323: 3305: 3301: 3289: 3275: 3267: 3255: 3239: 3223: 3215: 3203: 3195: 3187: 3162: 3135:KRISS Vector 3123:Keris bahari 3016: 3002: 2966:Flag of the 2900:Luwu Regency 2850:Riau Islands 2732:Painting by 2710:Tropenmuseum 2698:Wayang Golek 2681:Tropenmuseum 2659:Wayang kulit 2632:Portrait of 2569: 2559: 2550: 2544: 2538: 2503: 2485: 2483: 2430: 2402: 2397: 2393: 2387: 2355:Joko Tingkir 2340: 2323: 2317: 2287: 2255: 2213: 2196:Mpu Gandring 2185: 2182:Mpu Gandring 2166: 2068: 2064: 2055: 2052: 2033: 2029: 2017: 2011: 2007: 1987:Barong dance 1984: 1965: 1938: 1932: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1900: 1890: 1886: 1880: 1854: 1805: 1766:kembang pala 1726: 1671: 1666: 1662: 1654: 1624: 1619: 1615: 1608: 1596: 1582: 1576: 1535: 1522: 1517: 1495: 1493: 1475: 1469: 1466: 1457:juramentados 1455: 1445: 1433: 1421: 1396: 1390: 1381: 1371: 1341: 1327: 1321: 1314: 1299: 1290: 1280: 1273: 1266: 1259: 1247: 1235:Please help 1230:verification 1227: 1195: 1185: 1183: 1175: 1136:Tropenmuseum 1125: 1121: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1100: 1084: 1082: 1065:Central Java 1046: 1043:in Amsterdam 1041:Tropenmuseum 1001: 998:Song dynasty 995: 989: 987: 971:Central Java 941: 906: 898: 886: 882: 878: 872: 849: 811: 798: 790: 778: 696: 693:Old Javanese 688: 686: 670: 659: 652: 607: 590:Central Java 583: 571:pencak silat 569: 561: 548: 547: 539: 537: 525: 524:The kris or 431: 234:Used by 172:Bali Kingdom 58: 49: 36:copy editing 34:may require 33: 9077:Quyllurit'i 8787:Azerbaijani 8777:Nijemo Kolo 8708:Lefkaritika 8698:Kvevri wine 8423:Yeongsanjae 8333:Saman dance 8318:Regong arts 8251:Uzbekistani 8191:Mosie ramie 8186:Morin khuur 8171:Mazu belief 8126:Koodiyattam 8031:Hansan Mosi 8021:Guqin music 7941:Daimokutate 7901:Chhau dance 7814:Moxibustion 7810:Acupuncture 7756:Iraqi maqam 7745:culture at 7722:Arab States 7524:Saman dance 7181:Jody Samson 7171:Chris Reeve 7093:James Black 7080:Knifemakers 7008:TOPS Knives 6980:Slice, Inc. 6912:Marble Arms 6754:Buck Knives 6706:Yoroi-dōshi 6661:Push dagger 6568:French Nail 6417:Switchblade 6402:Strider SMF 6367:Sharpfinger 6317:Putty knife 6307:Pocketknife 6292:Penny knife 6237:Misericorde 6008:Usuba bōchō 5958:Steak knife 5883:Bread knife 5779:Baju Rantai 5774:Baju Lamina 5744:Kapak Kecil 5635:Golok Perak 5632:Golok Kedah 5601:Tumbok Lada 5597:Sonak Udang 5356:Baru Lema'a 5351:Baju Rantai 5346:Baju Lamina 5313:Peurise Awe 5196:Ekor lotong 4858:Tumbok Lada 3737:16 February 3712:Kamus Dewan 3365:. 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