487:
The
Supreme Court cleared him to stand in the election in its list of approved candidates published on 10 May, with five judges in favor of permitting his candidacy and one opposed. The decision was based on the fact that Ialá had resigned prior to the signing of the transitional charter which had barred him from politics, with the judges ruling that the charter should not be retroactively applied to Ialá in a way contrary to his interests. Soon afterwards, on 15 May, Ialá said that he was withdrawing his resignation as president and would resume office to serve out the remainder of his term. Although this increased the country's political tension, the declaration did not appear to lead to much immediate consequence; a rally of some of Ialá's supporters was held two days later and was dispersed by police with
518:. He called Vieira "a symbol of the construction of the Guinean state and of national unity because he proclaimed our independence in the hills of Boe" and said that he could "be relied upon to defend our national independence, to oppose neo-colonialism, to build the republic and promote peace, stability and above all, national reconciliation". Given Ialá's sharp hostility to Vieira in previous years, this endorsement was viewed as surprising by many, and there was reportedly significant dissatisfaction with the decision among Ialá's supporters. The second round, held on 24 July, resulted in Vieira's victory.
409:, who won 23.37%. Ialá was briefly hospitalized on 29 December 1999 due to high blood pressure, shortly before campaigning for the second round was to begin. He went to Lisbon for medical treatment on 30 December, and after returning to Guinea-Bissau in early January 2000, he launched his second round campaign on 9 January; he said that he was in good health and challenged Sanhá to a debate. The second round, held on 16 January 2000, was easily won by Ialá, who received 72% of the vote. He was sworn in as the president of Guinea-Bissau on 17 February.
1619:
571:" and died on the night of 3 April–4 April 2014, aged 61. His personal security chief, Alfredo Malu, said that he "had a malaise on Thursday night" and died in the early hours of the next morning. The government announced that Ialá had died of a heart attack, that it would have a "special session of cabinet" at 9:00 and that his body was taken to Bra military hospital. Malu added that the sudden illness late in the day had prevented him from meeting PRS candidates in preparation for the
507:
459:
bloodless coup on 14 September. Ialá was detained and placed under house arrest. General Veríssimo
Correia Seabra, leader of the coup, referred to the "incapacity" of Ialá's government as justification for the takeover. Ialá publicly announced his resignation on 17 September, and a political agreement signed that month prohibited him from participating in politics for five years. A civilian-led transitional government led by businessman
503:, along with Vieira and Sanhá, and on 27 June he said at a news conference that he accepted the result in the interest of peace and democracy, while still claiming to have actually won. Ialá said on this occasion that he "rejected violence on principle" and predicted that he would eventually regain the presidency, noting that his opponents were older than himself "and tomorrow they will disappear."
52:
495:
vote, behind Malam Bacai Sanhá and Nino Vieira, and thus could not participate in the second round run-off. Ialá said that he actually came in first, with about 38% of the vote, and that the result was a fraud. At least four people were reported killed when Ialá's supporters clashed with police after the results were announced. Ialá went to
398:
Although the election was declared generally free and fair by election observers, Ialá contested the results, claiming intimidation of his supporters. The
Supreme Court rejected his claims and the results were validated. On 20 August, he accepted the results, but announced that the PRS would not participate in the new government.
474:, Ialá was released from house arrest. He announced that he would be participating in the PRS election campaign, despite the prohibition against his political activity. In the election, held on 28 March, the PRS won 35 out of 100 seats, making it the second largest party in the National People's Assembly, after the PAIGC.
433:, was difficult. Ialá attempted to promote a number of military officers in November 2000, but Mané said that Ialá's list of promotions was not the one Ialá had previously agreed to with Mané. Mané announced that he was taking control of the armed forces, revoking Ialá's promotions and replacing the chief of staff,
486:
by the party's national council, despite being officially banned from politics for five years. Ialá submitted his candidate application to the
Supreme Court on 11 April, arguing that since he had signed his agreement to respect his ban from politics at his home and not in his office, it was invalid.
494:
In late May, ten days after declaring his resignation withdrawn, he occupied the presidential palace at night with a group of armed men for about four hours before leaving, according to an announcement by the army. According to official results he came in third in 19 June election with 25% of the
458:
On 12 September 2003, the electoral commission announced that it would not be able to finish voter registration in time to hold parliamentary elections as planned on 12 October. This together with a stagnant economy, political instability, and military discontent over unpaid salaries triggered a
397:
won 46.20% of the vote. Ialá finished second, capturing 21.88% of the vote. Since no candidate won the required 50% of the vote for an outright victory, a run-off was conducted on 7 August. The opposition parties united behind Ialá, but Vieira nevertheless won by a 4% margin (52.02% to 47.98%).
536:
In May 2007, following an appeal for the annulment of the third ordinary congress by a faction of the PRS opposed to Ialá, the
Regional Court of Bissau cancelled the congress' resolutions and removed Ialá from the party leadership. On 23 August 2007, however, the Supreme Court of Guinea-Bissau
440:
Ialá did not veto or promulgate the draft constitution approved by the
National Assembly in 2001, instead sending it back to parliament with recommendations for increased presidential powers. Ialá's government claimed to have foiled a coup plot in early December 2001, although the opposition
449:
as caretaker prime minister, and called early elections for
February 2003. These elections were repeatedly postponed, however: first to April, then to July, then to October. Some suspected that Ialá sought to manipulate the law to ensure that he would remain in power.
552:. In the November 2008 election, PAIGC officially won a majority of seats, defeating the PRS. Ialá initially disputed the official results and alleged fraud, although he later accepted PAIGC's victory and said that the PRS would be a constructive opposition.
420:
Kumba Ialá's tenure as the country's head of state was characterized by sackings of ministers and other high officials. Concerns about the government's financial management prompted protests, strikes and the suspension of
1662:
445:
of fomenting rebellion in Guinea-Bissau, a charge which the
Gambian foreign ministry denied; Ialá even threatened an invasion of The Gambia. Ialá dissolved parliament in November 2002, appointed
737:
1409:
405:
and the ousting of Vieira, a new presidential election was held. In the first round, Kumba Ialá placed first with 38.81% of the vote, followed by interim president and PAIGC candidate,
310:
214:
1697:
1495:
1311:
544:. On that occasion, he predicted that the PRS would win the election with a majority of seats. Soon after his return, he converted to Islam in the city of
867:
234:
1339:
526:
559:. Some in the party who opposed Ialá's "system of monopoly" instead proposed the candidacy of Baltazar Lopes Fernandes, but they were unsuccessful.
1387:
1097:
1019:
1001:
983:
926:
903:
885:
823:
683:
787:
769:
746:
1401:
1682:
441:
questioned its existence. Various members of opposition parties were subsequently detained and held without charge. In June 2002, he accused
703:
1488:
525:. On 12 November he was elected as President of the PRS with about 70% of the vote at the party's third ordinary congress, defeating
556:
483:
1257:
1448:
541:
471:
67:
674:"Guinea-Bissau: Presidential candidate challenges acting president to public debate", PANA (nl.newsbank.com), 11 January 2000.
1692:
1481:
1504:
572:
555:
President Nino Vieira was killed by soldiers on 2 March 2009. In April, the PRS designated Ialá as its candidate for the
270:
204:
437:. An outbreak of fighting followed, and Mané was killed in a clash with government forces a week later, on 30 November.
1687:
1677:
533:
as "illegitimate and illegal" and said that it should be dissolved and early parliamentary elections should be held.
344:
333:
529:, although his re-election was disputed by opponents within the PRS. He denounced the government of prime minister
412:
Ialá resigned as president of the PRS in May 2000, although he continued to play an influential role in the party.
1672:
1465:
as
Chairman of the Military Committee for the Restoration of Constitutional and Democratic Order of Guinea-Bissau
805:
321:
246:
1365:
329:
1323:
1295:
1279:
1217:
1351:
1237:
540:
After spending more time in exile in
Morocco, Ialá returned to Bissau on 7 July 2008 to register for the
422:
1557:
1458:
434:
129:
1667:
1618:
665:"Bissau presidential candidate in hospital", RTP Internacional TV (nl.newsbank.com), 29 December 1999.
383:
282:
221:
430:
402:
379:
1608:
1569:
1535:
1524:
394:
1597:
367:
Ialá was the head of a PAIGC delegation to Moscow in honor of the 70th anniversary of the 1917
290:
133:(Chairman of the Military Committee for the Restoration of Constitutional and Democratic Order)
575:
to be held on 13 April 2014. He was survived by his wife, Elisabete Ialá, and their children.
328:, and then philosophy (not completed). In Bissau, Ialá studied law at the Law School of the
1657:
1652:
1192:
1138:
1102:
1042:
1024:
1006:
988:
931:
908:
890:
872:
828:
810:
792:
774:
712:
688:
375:
368:
302:
160:
1580:
1546:
1437:
406:
114:
8:
1603:
393:
presidential election took place on 3 July 1994. Incumbent president and PAIGC candidate
340:
90:
1188:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Kumba Yala to back Nino Vieira in second round of presidential election"
1591:
521:
On 27 October 2006, Ialá returned to Guinea-Bissau after a year of voluntary exile in
371:, but in 1989 he was expelled from the party for demanding greater democratic reform.
1381:
1205:
1187:
1175:
1133:
1067:
1055:
1037:
164:
98:
1585:
1574:
1176:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Kumba Yala agrees to accept election defeat while insisting he won"
515:
1540:
1098:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Demonstrators for peace vastly outnumber supporters of Kumba Yala"
426:
1159:
1154:
1120:
1084:
1038:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Main opposition party picks Kumba Yala as presidential candidate"
970:
952:
549:
530:
356:
94:
20:
1115:
1079:
965:
947:
289:. He was the founder of the Party for Social Renewal. In 2014, Ialá died from a
1529:
842:
568:
548:
on 18 July 2008, taking the name Mohamed Ialá Embaló. He also learned to speak
500:
352:
278:
194:
1519:
1473:
1068:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Vieira and Yala cleared to contest June presidential election"
464:
446:
102:
1646:
1563:
1508:
1262:
1134:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Yala still refuses to accept defeat in presidential election"
634:
460:
306:
274:
266:
184:
711:, Institute for Security Studies Situation Report, p. 4, archived from
506:
1663:
African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde politicians
442:
390:
241:
599:
1280:"Kumba Yalá garante vitória do seu partido nas eleições legislativas"
615:
313:(PAIGC) during his teenage years. The PAIGC sought independence from
1056:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Kumba Yala applies to run for president despite ban"
514:
On 2 July, Ialá announced his support for Vieira's candidacy in the
1402:"PR guineense inaugura em Bissau avenida em homenagem a Kumba Ialá"
1312:"Outrage after president's home attacked in Guinea-Bissau 'mutiny'"
1002:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Ousted president freed ahead of end-of-March polls"
488:
314:
537:
reversed that decision and restored Ialá to the party leadership.
1258:"Koumba Yala réhabilité leader du Parti de la rénovation sociale"
1020:"GUINEA-BISSAU: PAIGC wins election, but lacks absolute majority"
927:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Army ousts president who kept delaying elections"
788:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Former military strongman shot dead, reports say"
522:
496:
482:
On 26 March 2005, he was chosen as the PRS candidate for 19 June
332:. After completing his studies, he was appointed director of the
24:
868:"GAMBIA-GUINEA: Government shocked by Guinea-Bissau coup claims"
545:
984:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Junta insists on Artur Sanha as prime minister"
325:
180:
1363:
1218:"Des militants contestent le congrès du PRS en Guinée-Bissau"
429:, the leader of the rebellion that had toppled Vieira in the
348:
51:
477:
382:(FDS). On 14 January 1992, Ialá left the FDS and formed the
824:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Opposition want evidence of attempted coup"
745:, Norwegian Peacebuilding Centre, p. 2, archived from
311:
African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde
215:
African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde
273:
from 17 February 2000 until he was deposed in a bloodless
1352:"Former Guinea-Bissau president Kumba Yala dies aged 61"
1340:"Bissau: Kumba Yala de nouveau candidat à la présidence"
309:
on 15 March 1953, Ialá became a militant member of the
285:(PRS). In 2008 he converted to Islam and took the name
705:
Guinea-Bissau: Perspectives on the up-coming elections
1296:"Ex-Presidente bissau-guineense converte-se ao Islão"
1206:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Vieira officially declared president"
656:(6th edition, 2005), ed. Bogdan Szajkowski, page 271.
649:
647:
1366:"Ex-president of Guinea-Bissau dies | SBS News"
770:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Focus on new source of instability"
739:
Peacebuilding In Guinea-Bissau: A Critical Approach
600:"Guinea-Bissau's Kumba Yala: from crisis to crisis"
644:
336:, where he also taught Philosophy and Psychology.
844:Amnesty International report 2001 - Guinea-Bissau
1644:
806:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Focus on continuing instability"
1503:
510:Ialá campaigning at 2009 presidential elections
31: and the second or paternal family name is
1698:Heads of government who were later imprisoned
1489:
347:, Spanish, French and English and could read
80:17 February 2000 – 14 September 2003
16:President of Guinea-Bissau from 2000 to 2003
1386:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
904:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Elections set for February"
684:"GUINEA-BISSAU: Yala sworn in as president"
630:
628:
626:
624:
1496:
1482:
1150:
1148:
50:
1171:
1169:
943:
941:
886:"GUINEA-BISSAU: New Prime Minister named"
478:2005 presidential election and afterwards
401:On 28 November 1999, after a devastating
277:on 14 September 2003. He belonged to the
701:
621:
505:
1324:"Kumba Yalá reconhece vitória do PAIGC"
1145:
922:
920:
918:
595:
593:
591:
589:
587:
247:Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon
1645:
1166:
966:"Interim government takes over Bissau"
938:
702:Ferreira, Patricia M (26 March 2004),
425:aid. Ialá's relationship with General
281:ethnic group and was President of the
265:(15 March 1953 – 4 April 2014), was a
1477:
735:
1683:Party for Social Renewal politicians
1394:
915:
584:
542:November 2008 parliamentary election
499:for talks with Senegalese President
467:was set up at the end of September.
1364:Source AAP UPDATED - 4 April 2014.
1238:"Kumba Yala désavoué par la CEDEAO"
362:
13:
14:
1709:
1412:from the original on 5 April 2021
1155:"Ex-Bissau leader accepts defeat"
1116:"Guinea-Bissau's army urges calm"
1080:"Bissau government promises calm"
1617:
1357:
1345:
1333:
1317:
1305:
1289:
1273:
1251:
1231:
1211:
1199:
1181:
1127:
1109:
1091:
1073:
1061:
1049:
1031:
1013:
995:
977:
959:
897:
879:
861:
835:
817:
799:
781:
763:
557:June 2009 presidential election
322:Catholic University of Portugal
1326:, Panapress, 19 December 2008
729:
695:
677:
668:
659:
654:Political Parties of the World
609:
334:National Lyceum Kwame N'Krumah
205:Fortaleza de São José da Amura
1:
948:Bissau junta set to step down
578:
415:
296:
618:, biography from Rulers.org.
453:
301:Born to a farming family in
7:
1693:Presidents of Guinea-Bissau
423:International Monetary Fund
395:João Bernardo "Nino" Vieira
320:He studied theology at the
10:
1714:
1449:President of Guinea-Bissau
1298:, Panapress, 18 July 2008
736:Roque, Silvia (May 2009),
639:African Elections Database
635:Elections in Guinea-Bissau
470:On 8 March 2004, ahead of
463:and PRS secretary general
68:President of Guinea-Bissau
18:
1688:People from Cacheu Region
1626:
1615:
1515:
1455:
1446:
1434:
1429:
1282:, Panapress, 8 July 2008
374:In March 1991, alongside
330:University Amílcar Cabral
252:
240:
230:
210:
200:
190:
170:
147:
142:
138:
123:
108:
84:
73:
65:
61:
49:
42:
1678:Leaders ousted by a coup
1459:Veríssimo Correia Seabra
1354:, Reuters, 4 April 2014.
1314:, AFP, 23 November 2008.
567:Ialá suffered a "sudden
562:
435:Veríssimo Correia Seabra
378:, Ialá helped found the
222:Party for Social Renewal
191:Cause of death
130:Veríssimo Correia Seabra
23:, the first or maternal
1208:, IRIN, 10 August 2005.
380:Democratic Social Front
1673:Bissau-Guinean Muslims
1058:, IRIN, 12 April 2005.
573:parliamentary election
569:cardiopulmonary arrest
511:
291:cardiopulmonary arrest
1342:, AFP, 14 April 2009.
1178:, IRIN, 28 June 2005.
509:
484:presidential election
472:legislative elections
1242:African Press Agency
1070:, IRIN, 11 May 2005.
992:, 23 September 2003.
974:, 28 September 2003.
956:, 18 September 2003.
935:, 14 September 2003.
384:Social Renewal Party
369:Bolshevik Revolution
283:Social Renewal Party
1244:, 17 November 2006
1224:, 23 November 2006
912:, 26 November 2002.
894:, 18 November 2002.
814:, 16 November 2001.
778:, 23 November 2000.
692:, 17 February 2000.
287:Mohamed Ialá Embaló
269:politician who was
1430:Political offices
1266:), 23 August 2007
832:, 6 December 2001.
796:, 1 December 2000.
512:
1668:Converts to Islam
1640:
1639:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1456:Succeeded by
1443:
1438:Malam Bacai Sanhá
431:1998–99 civil war
407:Malam Bacai Sanhá
259:Kumba Ialá Embaló
256:
255:
226:
219:
165:Portuguese Guinea
134:
119:
115:Malam Bacai Sanhá
1705:
1621:
1498:
1491:
1484:
1475:
1474:
1462:
1441:
1435:Preceded by
1427:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1408:. 4 April 2021.
1398:
1392:
1391:
1385:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1361:
1355:
1349:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1329:
1321:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1301:
1293:
1287:
1285:
1277:
1271:
1269:
1263:Jeuneafrique.com
1255:
1249:
1247:
1235:
1229:
1227:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1197:
1185:
1179:
1173:
1164:
1152:
1143:
1131:
1125:
1113:
1107:
1095:
1089:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1053:
1047:
1046:, 28 March 2005.
1035:
1029:
1017:
1011:
999:
993:
981:
975:
963:
957:
945:
936:
924:
913:
901:
895:
883:
877:
865:
859:
858:
857:
855:
849:
839:
833:
821:
815:
803:
797:
785:
779:
767:
761:
760:
759:
757:
751:
744:
733:
727:
726:
725:
723:
717:
710:
699:
693:
681:
675:
672:
666:
663:
657:
651:
642:
632:
619:
613:
607:
597:
363:Political career
224:
217:
177:
157:
155:
143:Personal details
132:
126:
117:
111:
91:Caetano N'Tchama
87:
78:
54:
40:
39:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1636:
1622:
1613:
1511:
1502:
1461:
1452:
1444:
1440:
1425:
1415:
1413:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1379:
1378:
1371:
1369:
1362:
1358:
1350:
1346:
1338:
1334:
1328:(in Portuguese)
1327:
1322:
1318:
1310:
1306:
1300:(in Portuguese)
1299:
1294:
1290:
1284:(in Portuguese)
1283:
1278:
1274:
1267:
1256:
1252:
1245:
1236:
1232:
1225:
1216:
1212:
1204:
1200:
1186:
1182:
1174:
1167:
1163:, 27 June 2005.
1160:BBC News Online
1153:
1146:
1142:, 27 June 2005.
1132:
1128:
1121:BBC News Online
1114:
1110:
1096:
1092:
1085:BBC News Online
1078:
1074:
1066:
1062:
1054:
1050:
1036:
1032:
1028:, 4 April 2004.
1018:
1014:
1010:, 9 March 2004.
1000:
996:
982:
978:
971:BBC News Online
964:
960:
953:BBC News Online
946:
939:
925:
916:
902:
898:
884:
880:
876:, 18 June 2002.
866:
862:
853:
851:
847:
841:
840:
836:
822:
818:
804:
800:
786:
782:
768:
764:
755:
753:
752:on 1 April 2016
749:
742:
734:
730:
721:
719:
718:on 5 March 2016
715:
708:
700:
696:
682:
678:
673:
669:
664:
660:
652:
645:
633:
622:
614:
610:
598:
585:
581:
565:
531:Aristides Gomes
527:Alberto Nambeia
480:
456:
418:
365:
317:colonial rule.
299:
261:, also spelled
220:
211:Political party
179:
175:
159:
153:
151:
124:
109:
101:
97:
95:Faustino Imbali
93:
85:
79:
74:
57:
45:
36:
21:Portuguese name
17:
12:
11:
5:
1711:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1583:
1578:
1572:
1567:
1561:
1555:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1533:
1527:
1522:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1501:
1500:
1493:
1486:
1478:
1470:
1469:
1457:
1454:
1445:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1424:
1423:
1406:SAPO (company)
1393:
1356:
1344:
1332:
1316:
1304:
1288:
1272:
1250:
1230:
1210:
1198:
1196:, 4 July 2005.
1180:
1165:
1144:
1126:
1124:, 25 May 2005.
1108:
1106:, 17 May 2005.
1090:
1088:, 16 May 2005.
1072:
1060:
1048:
1030:
1012:
994:
976:
958:
937:
914:
896:
878:
860:
834:
816:
798:
780:
762:
728:
694:
676:
667:
658:
643:
620:
608:
606:, 17 May 2005.
582:
580:
577:
564:
561:
501:Abdoulaye Wade
479:
476:
455:
452:
417:
414:
376:Rafael Barbosa
364:
361:
298:
295:
267:Bissau-Guinean
254:
253:
250:
249:
244:
238:
237:
235:Elisabete Ialá
232:
228:
227:
212:
208:
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202:
198:
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195:Cardiac arrest
192:
188:
187:
178:(aged 61)
172:
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167:
149:
145:
144:
140:
139:
136:
135:
127:
121:
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112:
106:
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99:Alamara Nhassé
88:
86:Prime Minister
82:
81:
71:
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63:
62:
59:
58:
55:
47:
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43:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
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1710:
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1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1526:
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1510:
1509:Guinea-Bissau
1506:
1499:
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1487:
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1476:
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1460:
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1336:
1325:
1320:
1313:
1308:
1297:
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1281:
1276:
1265:
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1260:, Panapress (
1259:
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1223:
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1202:
1195:
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766:
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583:
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547:
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524:
519:
517:
508:
504:
502:
498:
492:
490:
485:
475:
473:
468:
466:
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461:Henrique Rosa
451:
448:
444:
438:
436:
432:
428:
427:Ansumane Mané
424:
413:
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387:
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342:
337:
335:
331:
327:
323:
318:
316:
312:
308:
307:Cacheu Region
304:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
275:military coup
272:
268:
264:
260:
251:
248:
245:
243:
239:
236:
233:
229:
223:
218:(Before 1992)
216:
213:
209:
206:
203:
201:Resting place
199:
196:
193:
189:
186:
185:Guinea-Bissau
182:
173:
169:
166:
162:
158:15 March 1953
150:
146:
141:
137:
131:
128:
122:
116:
113:
107:
104:
100:
96:
92:
89:
83:
77:
72:
69:
64:
60:
53:
48:
41:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
1552:
1464:
1463:
1447:
1416:27 September
1414:. Retrieved
1405:
1396:
1370:. Retrieved
1368:. Sbs.com.au
1359:
1347:
1335:
1319:
1307:
1291:
1275:
1261:
1253:
1241:
1233:
1221:
1213:
1201:
1191:
1183:
1158:
1137:
1129:
1119:
1111:
1101:
1093:
1083:
1075:
1063:
1051:
1041:
1033:
1023:
1015:
1005:
997:
987:
979:
969:
961:
951:
930:
907:
899:
889:
881:
871:
863:
852:, retrieved
843:
837:
827:
819:
809:
801:
791:
783:
773:
765:
754:, retrieved
747:the original
738:
731:
720:, retrieved
713:the original
704:
697:
687:
679:
670:
661:
653:
638:
611:
603:
566:
554:
539:
535:
520:
516:second round
513:
493:
481:
469:
457:
439:
419:
411:
400:
388:
373:
366:
338:
319:
300:
286:
262:
258:
257:
176:(2014-04-04)
174:4 April 2014
125:Succeeded by
75:
56:Ialá in 2009
37:
32:
28:
1658:2014 deaths
1653:1953 births
1268:(in French)
1246:(in French)
1226:(in French)
850:, p. 3
465:Artur Sanhá
447:Mário Pires
225:(1992–2014)
110:Preceded by
103:Mário Pires
25:family name
1647:Categories
1633:† military
1586:R. Pereira
1575:R. Pereira
1530:C. Pereira
1505:Presidents
1453:2000–2003
616:Kumba Ialá
579:References
443:The Gambia
416:Presidency
391:multiparty
389:The first
341:Portuguese
315:Portuguese
297:Early life
242:Alma mater
154:1953-03-15
44:Kumba Ialá
1222:Panapress
604:Afrol.com
454:2003 coup
403:civil war
339:He spoke
271:president
76:In office
1630:* acting
1598:Nhamadjo
1410:Archived
1382:cite web
489:tear gas
118:(Acting)
19:In this
1372:6 April
854:6 April
756:6 April
722:6 April
523:Morocco
497:Senegal
386:(PRS).
345:Crioulo
279:Balanta
1609:Embaló
1592:Kuruma
1570:Vieira
1558:Seabra
1536:Vieira
1525:Vieira
1520:Cabral
1442:Acting
550:Arabic
357:Hebrew
326:Lisbon
231:Spouse
181:Bissau
33:Embaló
1581:Sanhá
1547:Sanhá
848:(PDF)
750:(PDF)
743:(PDF)
716:(PDF)
709:(PDF)
563:Death
353:Greek
349:Latin
324:, in
1564:Rosa
1553:Ialá
1541:Mané
1418:2021
1388:link
1374:2014
1193:IRIN
1139:IRIN
1103:IRIN
1043:IRIN
1025:IRIN
1007:IRIN
989:IRIN
932:IRIN
909:IRIN
891:IRIN
873:IRIN
856:2014
829:IRIN
811:IRIN
793:IRIN
775:IRIN
758:2014
724:2014
689:IRIN
546:Gabú
355:and
303:Bula
263:Yalá
171:Died
161:Bula
148:Born
66:3rd
29:Ialá
1604:Vaz
1507:of
27:is
1649::
1404:.
1384:}}
1380:{{
1240:,
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491:.
359:.
351:,
343:,
305:,
293:.
183:,
163:,
1600:*
1594:†
1588:*
1577:*
1566:*
1560:†
1549:*
1543:†
1532:*
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1490:t
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1420:.
1390:)
1376:.
1330:.
1302:.
1286:.
1270:.
1248:.
1228:.
641:.
156:)
152:(
35:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
