1376:
1436:
1364:
121:
1424:
1388:
1412:
1400:
230:
128:
42:
1336:
The monastery of Kee, for instance, accommodates nearly 250 monks, who reside within the sacred walls throughout the year. Some monks go to South Indian
Monasteries during winters, the rest of them stay inside the monastery walls. These monasteries have their regular heads; these heads are the
1375:
1787:
1352:
In recent times the monastery has also hosted the "Kachen Dugyal
Memorial Old Aged – Handicapped Society" which provide accommodation for a number of elderly and disabled people.
1918:
1780:
1132:
1913:
1773:
1337:
reincarnations of Guru
Rinpoche. The current head of Kee Monastery is from Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. He is 19th birth of Guru Rinpoche.
1632:
151:
1908:
1363:
120:
1735:, (1907). 1977 Edition with critical introduction and annotations by S. S. Gergan & F. M. Hassnain. Sterling Publishers, New Delhi.
54:
1435:
1923:
1125:
602:
1754:
1226:
The monastery is dedicated to Lochen Tulku, the 24th reincarnation of the great translator Lotsawa
Rinchen Zangpo.
505:
1423:
1104:
1321:
is richly painted with murals. The ground floor has the beautifully decorated
Assembly Hall and cells for many monks.
1714:
1699:
1675:
1660:
1118:
1472:
1452:
425:
1254:
1042:
256:
1567:
1293:
17:
1842:
1796:
144:
1080:
720:
1317:
There are three floors, the first one is mainly underground and used for storage. One room, called the
1629:
1253:
monastery at the nearby village of
Rangrik, which was probably destroyed in the 14th century when the
1209:
211:
94:
547:
1230:
678:
619:
530:
251:
1411:
438:
407:
1387:
1542:
1000:
958:
839:
666:
575:
1689:
1346:
1157:
766:
312:
294:
1399:
1765:
1085:
518:
473:
8:
1349:. It was presented through a tableau in the 69th Republic Day celebration held at Delhi.
1303:, an example of the 14th century monastic architecture, which developed as the result of
1097:
1092:
661:
239:
1832:
1819:
1052:
778:
737:
592:
558:
542:
1722:
LADĀK: Physical, Statistical, and
Historical with Notices of the Surrounding Countries
1229:
It is about 12 km (7.5 mi) north of Kaza and 210 km (130 mi) from
1877:
1867:
1862:
1837:
1814:
1750:
1710:
1695:
1671:
1656:
1284:
army under Ghulam Khan and Rahim Khan. Later that same year, it was also attacked by
926:
844:
788:
771:
761:
732:
597:
580:
568:
1192:
sect located on top of a hill at an altitude of 4,166 metres (13,668 ft) above
654:
1857:
1516:
1265:
1205:
1185:
968:
963:
800:
795:
754:
744:
229:
219:
90:
59:
1681:
Harcourt, A. F. P. (1871). On the
Himalayan Valleys:— Kooloo, Lahoul, and Spiti".
307:
281:
1882:
1824:
1636:
1007:
832:
822:
817:
500:
495:
397:
317:
1872:
1325:
1311:
1149:
1012:
981:
943:
933:
827:
805:
727:
490:
327:
322:
1902:
1809:
1341:
A celebration of its millennium was conducted in 2000 in the presence of the
1329:
911:
810:
642:
485:
456:
420:
402:
382:
166:
153:
1568:
https://www.amusingplanet.com/2012/12/the-beautiful-key-monastery-india.html
1381:
Kachen Dugyal
Memorial Old Aged – Handicapped Society, Spiti Monastery, 2004
1201:
1047:
1032:
872:
392:
86:
548:
1887:
1268:, Kye was extensively plundered and damaged by the Mongols, and became a
1197:
1025:
563:
365:
1272:
establishment. Around 1821, it was sacked again during the wars between
1342:
1289:
1062:
867:
707:
695:
685:
649:
387:
1310:
Kye monastery has a collection of ancient murals and books, including
1242:
191:
1193:
1057:
690:
673:
443:
901:
1249:, in the 11th century. This may, however, refer to a now destroyed
1216:
953:
889:
614:
370:
332:
261:
345:
1318:
1269:
1250:
1189:
1037:
993:
988:
884:
783:
749:
537:
461:
246:
41:
1852:
1517:"Stayed at Key Monastery of Spiti Valley (and Savoured Tsampa)"
1288:. In the 1840s, it was ravaged by fire and, in 1975, a violent
1281:
1273:
1258:
1246:
938:
702:
637:
360:
355:
350:
271:
1292:
caused further damage which was repaired with the help of the
1304:
1300:
1285:
1277:
948:
906:
896:
849:
276:
266:
108:
98:
71:
1795:
1345:. A new Prayer Hall was inaugurated on 3 August 2000 by the
27:
Tibetan
Buddhist monastery in Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, India
1742:. Two Volumes. Calcutta. 1972 reprint: S. Chand, New Delhi.
1220:
879:
66:
1299:
The walls of the monastery are covered with paintings and
1245:(Brom-ston, 1008–1064 CE), a pupil of the famous teacher,
1683:
Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London
1604:
1602:
1324:
Kye Gompa now belongs to the Gelugpa sect, along with
1919:
Buildings and structures in Lahaul and Spiti district
1694:. 2nd Edition. Indus Publishing Company, New Delhi.
1611:
1599:
1709:. Second Edition. Oxford University Press, Delhi.
1590:
1264:In the mid 17th century, during the reign of the
1900:
1670:. New Delhi, India: Indus Publishing Company.
1781:
1724:. London. Reprint: Sagar Publications (1977).
1126:
1625:
1623:
1788:
1774:
1280:. In 1841, it was severely damaged by the
1241:Kye Gompa is said to have been founded by
1217:the largest monastery of the Spiti Valley
1133:
1119:
40:
1798:Buddhist monasteries in Himachal Pradesh
1620:
1515:Confortin, Emanuele (22 September 2022).
1514:
1369:Key monastery kitchen, Spiti, India. 2004
1914:Buddhist monasteries in Himachal Pradesh
1653:Buddhist Monasteries in Himachal Pradesh
1749:. (2007). 12th Edition. Lonely Planet.
1691:Spiti: Adventures in the Trans-Himalaya
1655:. Indus Publishing Company, New Delhi.
1296:and the State Public Works Department.
1223:. It reportedly had 100 monks in 1855.
14:
1901:
1909:Buddhism in Lahaul and Spiti district
1769:
127:
1566:The Beautiful key Monastery, India.
1496:Sarina Singh, et al. (2007), p. 343.
1219:and a religious training centre for
1180:; pronounced like the English word
24:
1540:
603:Svatantrika-Prasaṅgika distinction
25:
1935:
1761:
1473:"spyi ti dkyil dgon gyi byung ba"
1668:Buddhist Monasteries of Himachal
1477:Buddhist Digital Resource Center
1453:List of highest towns by country
1434:
1422:
1410:
1398:
1386:
1374:
1362:
228:
135:Location within Himachal Pradesh
126:
119:
1720:Cunningham, Alexander. (1854).
1707:Ladakh: Crossroads of High Asia
1581:
1572:
1560:
1534:
1508:
1499:
1490:
1465:
1294:Archaeological Survey of India
13:
1:
1924:Gelug monasteries and temples
1645:
1630:SurfIndia.com - Kye monastery
1731:. (Originally published as,
1458:
7:
1740:Antiquities of Indian Tibet
1446:
549:
10:
1940:
1733:A History of Western Tibet
1685:, Vol. 15, No. 5, 336–343.
1355:
1236:
1805:
1688:Kapadia, Harish. (1999).
1587:Handa (1987), pp. 97, 99.
1578:Francke (1914), pp. 45-47
1429:Covered in snow in winter
1332:, one of three in Spiti.
1210:Lahaul and Spiti district
1153:
197:
187:
182:
143:
114:
104:
95:Lahaul and Spiti district
82:
77:
65:
53:
48:
39:
34:
1257:sect rose to power with
632:Practices and attainment
620:Pointing-out instruction
531:Three marks of existence
1738:Francke, A. H. (1914).
1727:Francke, A. H. (1977).
1617:Handa (2005), pp. 174.
1608:Handa (2005), pp. 173.
1596:Handa (2005), pp. 172.
1339:
1001:Tibetan Buddhist canon
145:Geographic coordinates
1745:Sarina Singh, et al.
1705:Janet Rizvi. (1996).
1666:Handa, O. C. (2005).
1651:Handa, O. C. (1987).
1635:4 August 2009 at the
1543:"Where the Gods live"
1505:Handa (1987), p. 131.
1347:Fourteenth Dalai Lama
1334:
576:Dependent origination
167:32.29778°N 78.01194°E
1075:History and overview
474:Samding Dorje Phagmo
339:Second dissemination
1829:Gozzangwa Monastery
1729:A History of Ladakh
862:Institutional roles
301:First dissemination
163: /
1833:Gandhola Monastery
1820:Gandhola Monastery
1053:Tree of physiology
593:Four Tenets system
172:32.29778; 78.01194
1896:
1895:
1878:Tangyud Monastery
1868:Shashur Monastery
1863:Lhalung Monastery
1843:Kalachakra Temple
1838:Kardang Monastery
1815:Drigung Monastery
1755:978-1-74104-308-2
1547:The Tribune India
1441:Dedication plaque
1188:monastery of the
1143:
1142:
1105:Index of articles
721:Major monasteries
679:Tantra techniques
598:Rangtong-Shentong
506:10th Panchen Lama
295:Key personalities
205:
204:
16:(Redirected from
1931:
1858:Kungri Monastery
1799:
1790:
1783:
1776:
1767:
1766:
1639:
1627:
1618:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1597:
1594:
1588:
1585:
1579:
1576:
1570:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1497:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1469:
1438:
1426:
1414:
1402:
1390:
1378:
1366:
1266:Fifth Dalai Lama
1206:Himachal Pradesh
1186:Tibetan Buddhist
1155:
1135:
1128:
1121:
1058:Festival thangka
552:
525:General Buddhist
232:
222:
221:Tibetan Buddhism
207:
206:
198:Date established
178:
177:
175:
174:
173:
168:
164:
161:
160:
159:
156:
130:
129:
123:
91:Himachal Pradesh
60:Tibetan Buddhism
44:
32:
31:
21:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1928:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1883:Tayul Monastery
1825:Gemur Monastery
1801:
1797:
1794:
1764:
1648:
1643:
1642:
1637:Wayback Machine
1628:
1621:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1600:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1573:
1565:
1561:
1551:
1549:
1539:
1535:
1525:
1523:
1521:Raacho Trekkers
1513:
1509:
1504:
1500:
1495:
1491:
1481:
1479:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1449:
1442:
1439:
1430:
1427:
1418:
1417:Spiritual signs
1415:
1406:
1403:
1394:
1391:
1382:
1379:
1370:
1367:
1358:
1239:
1196:, close to the
1164:; also spelled
1139:
1110:
1109:
1076:
1068:
1067:
1028:
1018:
1017:
1008:Mahayana sutras
984:
974:
973:
929:
919:
918:
863:
855:
854:
723:
713:
712:
633:
625:
624:
521:
511:
510:
501:14th Dalai Lama
496:13th Dalai Lama
480:
469:
451:
433:
415:
398:Patrul Rinpoche
340:
302:
297:
287:
286:
242:
220:
171:
169:
165:
162:
157:
154:
152:
150:
149:
139:
138:
137:
136:
133:
132:
131:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1937:
1927:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1888:Gyuto Monastic
1885:
1880:
1875:
1873:Tabo Monastery
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1793:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1770:
1763:
1762:External links
1760:
1759:
1758:
1743:
1736:
1725:
1718:
1703:
1686:
1679:
1664:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1619:
1610:
1598:
1589:
1580:
1571:
1559:
1541:Sharma, Rama.
1533:
1507:
1498:
1489:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1326:Tabo Monastery
1238:
1235:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1043:Wall paintings
1040:
1035:
1029:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1013:Nyingma Gyubum
1010:
1004:
1003:
997:
996:
991:
985:
980:
979:
976:
975:
972:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
944:Galdan Namchot
941:
936:
934:Chotrul Duchen
930:
925:
924:
921:
920:
917:
916:
915:
914:
904:
899:
893:
892:
887:
882:
876:
875:
870:
864:
861:
860:
857:
856:
853:
852:
847:
842:
836:
835:
830:
825:
820:
814:
813:
808:
803:
798:
792:
791:
786:
781:
775:
774:
769:
764:
758:
757:
752:
747:
741:
740:
735:
730:
724:
719:
718:
715:
714:
711:
710:
705:
699:
698:
693:
688:
682:
681:
676:
670:
669:
664:
658:
657:
655:Avalokiteśvara
652:
646:
645:
640:
634:
631:
630:
627:
626:
623:
622:
617:
611:
610:
606:
605:
600:
595:
589:
588:
584:
583:
578:
572:
571:
566:
561:
555:
554:
545:
540:
534:
533:
527:
526:
522:
517:
516:
513:
512:
509:
508:
503:
498:
493:
491:5th Dalai Lama
488:
482:
481:
471:
470:
465:
464:
459:
453:
452:
447:
446:
441:
435:
434:
429:
428:
426:Rangjung Dorje
423:
417:
416:
411:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
379:
378:
374:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
342:
341:
336:
335:
330:
328:Trisong Detsen
325:
323:Songtsen Gampo
320:
315:
310:
304:
303:
298:
293:
292:
289:
288:
285:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
243:
238:
237:
234:
233:
225:
224:
216:
215:
203:
202:
199:
195:
194:
189:
185:
184:
180:
179:
147:
141:
140:
134:
125:
124:
118:
117:
116:
115:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
84:
80:
79:
75:
74:
69:
63:
62:
57:
51:
50:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1936:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1848:Key Monastery
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1810:Dhankar Gompa
1808:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1791:
1786:
1784:
1779:
1777:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1723:
1719:
1716:
1715:0-19-564546-4
1712:
1708:
1704:
1701:
1700:81-7387-093-4
1697:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1676:81-7387-170-1
1673:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1661:81-85182-03-5
1658:
1654:
1650:
1649:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1626:
1624:
1614:
1605:
1603:
1593:
1584:
1575:
1569:
1563:
1548:
1544:
1537:
1522:
1518:
1511:
1502:
1493:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1464:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1437:
1432:
1425:
1420:
1413:
1408:
1401:
1396:
1389:
1384:
1377:
1372:
1365:
1360:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1330:Dhankar Gompa
1327:
1322:
1320:
1315:
1313:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1234:
1232:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1151:
1147:
1136:
1131:
1129:
1124:
1122:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1022:
1021:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1002:
999:
998:
995:
992:
990:
987:
986:
983:
978:
977:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
931:
928:
923:
922:
913:
912:Western tulku
910:
909:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
894:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
877:
874:
871:
869:
866:
865:
859:
858:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
837:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
815:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
793:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
776:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
759:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
742:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
725:
722:
717:
716:
709:
706:
704:
701:
700:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
683:
680:
677:
675:
672:
671:
668:
665:
663:
660:
659:
656:
653:
651:
648:
647:
644:
641:
639:
636:
635:
629:
628:
621:
618:
616:
613:
612:
608:
607:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
590:
586:
585:
582:
579:
577:
574:
573:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
556:
553:
551:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
535:
532:
529:
528:
524:
523:
520:
515:
514:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
486:Je Tsongkhapa
484:
483:
478:
477:
476:
475:
467:
466:
463:
460:
458:
457:Sakya Pandita
455:
454:
449:
448:
445:
442:
440:
437:
436:
431:
430:
427:
424:
422:
419:
418:
413:
412:
409:
406:
404:
403:Dudjom Lingpa
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
383:Yeshe Tsogyal
381:
380:
376:
375:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
343:
338:
337:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
308:Padmasambhāva
306:
305:
300:
299:
296:
291:
290:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
244:
241:
236:
235:
231:
227:
226:
223:
218:
217:
213:
209:
208:
200:
196:
193:
190:
186:
181:
176:
148:
146:
142:
122:
113:
110:
107:
103:
100:
96:
92:
88:
85:
81:
76:
73:
70:
68:
64:
61:
58:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
35:Kye Monastery
33:
30:
19:
18:Kye Monastery
1847:
1746:
1739:
1732:
1728:
1721:
1706:
1690:
1682:
1667:
1652:
1613:
1592:
1583:
1574:
1562:
1550:. Retrieved
1546:
1536:
1524:. Retrieved
1520:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1480:. Retrieved
1476:
1467:
1351:
1340:
1335:
1323:
1316:
1309:
1298:
1263:
1261:assistance.
1240:
1228:
1225:
1214:
1202:Spiti Valley
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1145:
1144:
1048:Ashtamangala
1033:Sand mandala
873:Panchen Lama
840:Tashi Lhunpo
472:
393:Jigme Lingpa
313:Śāntarakṣita
201:11th century
183:Architecture
87:Spiti Valley
29:
1405:Kye village
1307:influence.
1198:Spiti River
1154:དཀྱིལ་དགོན་
767:Mindrolling
564:Bodhisattva
366:Sukhasiddhi
356:Abhayakirti
170: /
55:Affiliation
1903:Categories
1646:References
1343:Dalai Lama
1290:earthquake
1162:dkyil dgon
1063:Mani stone
868:Dalai Lama
708:Buddhahood
696:Dream yoga
686:Deity yoga
662:Meditation
650:Bodhicitta
388:Longchenpa
318:Kamalaśīla
158:78°00′43″E
155:32°17′52″N
1459:Footnotes
1233:by road.
1212:, India.
1200:, in the
1194:sea level
1146:Kye Gompa
927:Festivals
691:Guru yoga
674:Vajrayana
643:Pāramitās
543:Cosmology
519:Teachings
444:Taranatha
1633:Archived
1447:See also
1393:Close-up
1314:images.
1086:Timeline
954:Dosmoche
890:Rinpoche
779:Narthang
738:Dzogchen
615:Dzogchen
468:Bodongpa
371:Milarepa
333:Ralpacan
212:a series
210:Part of
83:Location
78:Location
49:Religion
1356:Gallery
1319:Tangyur
1305:Chinese
1270:Gelugpa
1251:Kadampa
1243:Dromtön
1237:History
1190:Gelugpa
1184:) is a
1150:Tibetan
1098:Culture
1093:Outline
1081:History
1038:Thangka
994:Tengyur
989:Kangyur
969:Losoong
964:Sho Dun
885:Karmapa
845:Tsurphu
806:Ramoche
789:Pabonka
784:Nechung
772:Namgyal
762:Labrang
750:Jokhang
733:Drepung
728:Tradruk
703:Thukdam
609:Nyingma
587:Tibetan
559:Rebirth
550:Saṃsāra
538:Skandha
479:Gelugpa
462:Gorampa
439:Dolpopa
377:Nyingma
247:Nyingma
240:Schools
192:Dromtön
188:Founder
105:Country
1853:Kibber
1753:
1713:
1698:
1674:
1659:
1552:3 June
1526:4 June
1482:4 June
1312:Buddha
1301:murals
1274:Ladakh
1259:Mongol
1247:Atisha
1231:Manali
1215:It is
959:Monlam
939:Dajyur
902:Tertön
801:Ralung
796:Palcho
755:Kumbum
745:Ganden
638:Lamrim
569:Dharma
432:Jonang
408:Mipham
361:Niguma
351:Talika
272:Jonang
262:Bodong
1747:India
1286:Sikhs
1282:Dogra
1255:Sakya
1221:lamas
1158:Wylie
982:Texts
949:Losar
907:Tulku
897:Geshe
850:Yerpa
833:Shalu
823:Sanga
818:Sakya
667:Laity
581:Karma
450:Sakya
421:Marpa
414:Kagyu
346:Atiśa
277:Gelug
267:Kagyu
257:Sakya
252:Kadam
109:India
99:India
72:Gelug
1751:ISBN
1711:ISBN
1696:ISBN
1672:ISBN
1657:ISBN
1554:2023
1528:2023
1484:2023
1328:and
1278:Kulu
1276:and
1174:Key,
880:Lama
828:Sera
811:Rato
282:Rimé
67:Sect
1204:of
1182:key
1178:Kee
1176:or
1166:Kyi
1026:Art
1905::
1622:^
1601:^
1545:.
1519:.
1475:.
1208:,
1172:,
1170:Ki
1168:,
1160::
1156:,
1152::
214:on
97:,
93:,
89:,
1789:e
1782:t
1775:v
1757:.
1717:.
1702:.
1678:.
1663:.
1556:.
1530:.
1486:.
1148:(
1134:e
1127:t
1120:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.