1425:
3014:
131:
97:
843:
27:
1050:
The many different conventions used and features provided by different targets mean that LLVM cannot truly produce a target-independent IR and retarget it without breaking some established rules. Examples of target dependence beyond what is explicitly mentioned in the documentation can be found in a
1214:
The LLVM machine code (MC) subproject is LLVM's framework for translating machine instructions between textual forms and machine code. Formerly, LLVM relied on the system assembler, or one provided by a toolchain, to translate assembly into machine code. LLVM MC's integrated assembler supports most
776:
Widespread interest in LLVM has led to several efforts to develop new frontends for many languages. The one that has received the most attention is Clang, a newer compiler supporting C, C++, and
Objective-C. Primarily supported by Apple, Clang is aimed at replacing the C/Objective-C compiler in the
870:
instructions with explicit arguments. Also, instead of a fixed set of registers, IR uses an infinite set of temporaries of the form %0, %1, etc. LLVM supports three equivalent forms of IR: a human-readable assembly format, an in-memory format suitable for frontends, and a dense bitcode format for
601:(called a typed register) is assigned once and then frozen. This helps simplify the analysis of dependencies among variables. LLVM allows code to be compiled statically, as it is under the traditional GCC system, or left for late-compiling from the IR to machine code via
1328:
Due to its permissive license, many vendors release their own tuned forks of LLVM. This is officially recognized by LLVM's documentation, which suggests against using version numbers in feature checks for this reason. Some of the vendors include:
807:(GHC) backend uses LLVM and achieves a 30% speed-up of compiled code relative to native code compiling via GHC or C code generation followed by compiling, missing only one of the many optimizing techniques implemented by the GHC.
2042:'LLVM' is officially no longer an acronym. The acronym it once expanded too was confusing, and inappropriate almost from day 1. :) As LLVM has grown to encompass other subprojects, it became even less useful and meaningless.
1062:
which helps build reusable and extensible compiler infrastructure by employing a plugin architecture named
Dialect. It enables the use of higher-level information on the program structure in the process of optimization including
295:
and C++, the language-agnostic design of LLVM has since spawned a wide variety of frontends: languages with compilers that use LLVM (or which do not directly use LLVM but can generate compiled programs as LLVM IR) include
498:. This made the initialism "confusing" and "inappropriate", and since 2011 LLVM is "officially no longer an acronym", but a brand that applies to the LLVM umbrella project. The project encompasses the LLVM
667:(GPUs), the resulting code remains quite thin, passing the instructions on to the GPU with minimal changes. On systems with low-end GPUs, LLVM will compile optional procedures that run on the local
641:. A type construct in a concrete language can be represented by combining these basic types in LLVM. For example, a class in C++ can be represented by a mix of structures, functions and arrays of
1350:
provides a number of LLVM based toolchains, including Arm
Compiler for Embedded targeting bare-metal development and Arm Compiler for Linux targeting the High Performance Computing market
1215:
LLVM targets, including IA-32, x86-64, ARM, and ARM64. For some targets, including the various MIPS instruction sets, integrated assembly support is usable but still in the beta stage.
2850:
Note that marketing version numbers should not be used to check for language features, as different vendors use different numbering schemes. Instead, use the
Feature Checking Macros.
710:
in the GCC stack, and many of the GCC frontends have been modified to work with it, resulting in the now-defunct LLVM-GCC suite. The modifications generally involve a
1254:(LTO). This allows for faster code generation as it bypasses the use of a linker plugin, but on the other hand prohibits interoperability with other flavors of LTO.
2147:
1208:
1521:
803:
compiler can generate code for LLVM. While the generator was in early stages of development, in many cases it was more efficient than the C code generator. The
2404:
1211:. LLVM-compliant WebAssembly compilers typically support mostly unmodified source code written in C, C++, D, Rust, Nim, Kotlin and several other languages.
663:
Graphics code within the OpenGL stack can be left in intermediate representation and then compiled when run on the target machine. On systems with high-end
1695:
460:
hired
Lattner and formed a team to work on the LLVM system for various uses within Apple's development systems. LLVM has been an integral part of Apple's
518:), etc. LLVM is administered by the LLVM Foundation. Compiler engineer Tanya Lattner became its president in 2014 and was in post as of March 2024.
575:, allowing it to be used with a wide array of extant compiler front-ends written for that project. LLVM can also be built with gcc after version 7.5.
2386:
1511:
1972:
714:-to-LLVM IR step so that LLVM optimizers and codegen can be used instead of GCC's GIMPLE system. Apple was a significant user of LLVM-GCC through
652:
in cases where a program has many options, most of which can easily be determined unneeded in a specific environment. This feature is used in the
449:
180:
429:
529:
1791:
1051:
2011 proposal for "wordcode", a fully target-independent variant of LLVM IR intended for online distribution. A more practical example is
2194:
2529:
494:. However, the LLVM project evolved into an umbrella project that has little relationship to what most current developers think of as a
3051:
1811:
3046:
3041:
3036:
1505:
1153:
Some features are not available on some platforms. Most features are present for IA-32, x86-64, z/Architecture, ARM, and PowerPC.
862:(RISC) instruction set which abstracts away most details of the target. For example, the calling convention is abstracted through
1180:, but that hardware is mostly obsolete, and LLVM developers decided the support and maintenance costs were no longer justified.
1890:
transforms the Ruby source code of your project into ... machine code using a ... ahead-of-time (AOT) compiler, based on LLVM.
1999:
2890:
2422:
1430:
525:
671:(CPU) that emulate instructions that the GPU cannot run internally. LLVM improved performance on low-end machines using
2987:
2708:
2682:
2656:
2505:
2067:
1547:
778:
242:
288:
859:
722:
and advantages of LLVM and Clang's modern and modular codebase (as well as compilation speed), is mostly obsolete.
453:
163:
1334:
1826:
1703:
648:
The LLVM JIT compiler can optimize unneeded static branches out of a program at runtime, and thus is useful for
1384:
1228:
872:
622:
321:
305:
2841:
2333:
1123:
770:
594:
373:
357:
2162:
1796:
1438:
819:
766:
754:
718:
4.x (2013). This use of the GCC frontend was considered mostly a temporary measure, but with the advent of
445:
409:
405:
369:
341:
337:
238:
110:
687:
1480:
855:
811:
762:
606:
556:
499:
401:
397:
245:
88:
2876:
1978:
1500:
726:
707:
610:
417:
381:
301:
2464:
2025:
1111:
634:
614:
533:
2245:
1599:
1405:
1363:
1227:
for LLVM. lld aims to remove dependence on a third-party linker. As of May 2017, lld supports
804:
738:
730:
664:
602:
329:
292:
2946:
2612:
2271:
690:
reported that LLVM had caught up with GCC, compiling binaries of approximately equal performance.
563:
and emitting an optimized IR. This new IR can then be converted and linked into machine-dependent
96:
1474:
1290:
668:
568:
156:
2643:
547:
with LLVM Exceptions. As of
November 2022 about 400 contributions had not been relicensed.
1453:
1263:
1251:
1192:
1187:
as a target, enabling compiled programs to execute in WebAssembly-enabled environments such as
1127:
810:
Many other components are in various stages of development, including, but not limited to, the
638:
598:
579:
507:
2536:
2311:
2289:
1902:
1161:
686:
In 2011, programs compiled by GCC outperformed those from LLVM by 10%, on average. In 2013,
1377:
626:
479:. The combination of Clang frontend and LLVM backend is named Clang/LLVM or simply Clang.
249:
230:
2443:
2176:
1160:
In the past, LLVM also supported other backends, fully or partially, including C backend,
8:
1459:
618:
441:
257:
2104:
1289:
This implements a suite of cache-locality optimizations as well as auto-parallelism and
130:
3031:
3013:
2929:
1317:
1278:
1224:
797:
782:
649:
544:
284:
189:
2074:
The name 'LLVM' was once an acronym, but is now just a brand for the umbrella project.
2983:
2362:
2063:
1844:
1543:
1104:
742:
564:
333:
269:
253:
1592:
1347:
1092:
1088:
1058:
The LLVM project also introduces another type of intermediate representation named
858:(IR), a low-level programming language similar to assembly. IR is a strongly typed
657:
642:
175:
151:
2007:
1397:
Compiler. The NVVM compiler is distinct from the "NVPTX" backend mentioned in the
1464:
1306:
1076:
1059:
630:
586:
495:
2817:"llvm-libc: An ISO C-conformant Standard Library — libc 15.0.0git documentation"
1928:
1562:
LLVM: A Compilation
Framework for Lifelong Program Analysis & Transformation
1561:
1404:
Since 2013, Sony has been using LLVM's primary front-end Clang compiler in the
1367:
1294:
1200:
1139:
1100:
1064:
831:
2770:
1628:
3025:
2971:
2354:
2241:
2100:
2021:
1746:
1533:
1469:
1409:
1223:
The lld subproject is an attempt to develop a built-in, platform-independent
1188:
1096:
815:
437:
365:
226:
45:
440:. LLVM was originally developed as a research infrastructure to investigate
1870:
1271:
1204:
842:
540:
297:
280:
234:
184:
2877:"IBM C/C++ and Fortran compilers to adopt LLVM open source infrastructure"
2122:
2630:
2358:
1555:
1267:
1240:
1184:
827:
758:
590:
555:
LLVM can provide the middle layers of a complete compiler system, taking
433:
385:
353:
313:
49:
2862:
2756:
2055:
1770:
1725:
1522:
University of
Illinois at Urbana Champaign discoveries & innovations
1243:
in descending order of completeness. lld is faster than both flavors of
2975:
2586:
1887:
1750:
1538:
1495:
1165:
487:
457:
393:
119:
56:
40:
2486:
1173:
1169:
683:
shell to allow it to run without a proper 3D hardware driver loaded.
676:
672:
582:
at compile-time or link-time or even binary machine code at runtime.
572:
349:
222:
1674:
846:
LLVM IR is used e.g., by radeonsi and by llvmpipe. Both are part of
698:
LLVM has become an umbrella project containing multiple components.
2216:
560:
503:
317:
218:
168:
2915:
1232:
1196:
1177:
1119:
847:
823:
800:
750:
746:
515:
511:
377:
361:
345:
260:
with a variety of transformations over multiple passes. The name
1775:
1516:
1485:
1390:
1244:
1236:
1154:
1108:
1084:
786:
711:
706:
LLVM was originally written to be a replacement for the extant
653:
389:
32:
2631:"User Guide for AMDGPU Backend — LLVM 15.0.0git documentation"
1539:
The
Architecture of Open Source Applications - Chapter 11 LLVM
1792:"What's the Difference Between LabVIEW 2017 and LabVIEW NXG?"
1581:
1551:
1373:
1353:
1341:
1147:
1135:
1080:
1052:
790:
777:
GCC system with a system that is more easily integrated with
734:
719:
715:
680:
476:
465:
461:
276:
144:
1950:
567:
code for a target platform. LLVM can accept the IR from the
26:
2644:
1754:
1490:
1443:
1394:
413:
325:
309:
291:, and "idle-time" optimization. Originally implemented for
2465:"LLVM Project Blog: The Glasgow Haskell Compiler and LLVM"
2217:"âš™ D156286 [docs] Bump minimum GCC version to 7.5"
2086:
660:(v10.5) to provide support for missing hardware features.
2816:
2802:
2788:
2646:// The LLVM Target-Independent Code Generator, LLVM site.
2613:"[LLVMdev] RFC: R600, a new backend for AMD GPUs"
2561:
2312:"SPEC2000: Comparison of LLVM-2.9 and GCC4.6.1 on x86_64"
1827:"Khronos Officially Announces Its LLVM/SPIR-V Translator"
1448:
1359:
469:
1387:
has a parallel-computing fork of LLVM 8 named "Kitsune".
543:. After v9.0.0 released in 2019, LLVM relicensed to the
475:
In 2006, Lattner started working on a new project named
2734:
1696:"Announcing LLILC - A new LLVM-based Compiler for .NET"
201:
2290:"SPEC2000: Comparison of LLVM-2.9 and GCC4.6.1 on x86"
1316:
llvm-libc is an incomplete, upcoming, ABI independent
1250:
Unlike the GNU linkers, lld has built-in support for
2918:. Los Alamos National Laboratory. February 27, 2020.
1420:
3007:
1992:
1650:
1262:The LLVM project includes an implementation of the
675:chipsets. A similar system was developed under the
448:programming languages. LLVM was released under the
16:
Compiler backend for multiple programming languages
1401:, although both generate PTX code for Nvidia GPUs.
826:implementation of Ruby 1.9, various frontends for
609:. The type system consists of basic types such as
2891:"Intel C/C++ compilers complete adoption of LLVM"
1564:, a published paper by Chris Lattner, Vikram Adve
1512:Comparison of application virtualization software
3023:
2506:"Wordcode: more target independent LLVM bitcode"
268:though the project has expanded and the name is
2246:"A cool use of LLVM at Apple: the OpenGL stack"
539:The project was originally available under the
450:University of Illinois/NCSA Open Source License
2272:"GNOME Shell Works Without GPU Driver Support"
1903:"Code Generation - Guide to Rustc Development"
837:
2727:
2980:The Architecture of Open Source Applications
2334:"LLVM/Clang 3.2 Compiler Competing With GCC"
2163:"[llvm-announce] LLVM 9.0.0 Release"
2060:The architecture of open source applications
1789:
1756:The Architecture of Open Source Applications
1393:uses LLVM in the implementation of its NVVM
2803:"Polly - Polyhedral optimizations for LLVM"
2530:"PNaCl: Portable Native Client Executables"
2353:
1974:mkspecs and patches for LLVM compile of Qt4
1376:has adopted LLVM for their next generation
1356:, Fortran project in development as of 2022
225:technologies that can be used to develop a
3012:
1970:
1964:
1651:"The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure Project"
528:presented Vikram Adve, Chris Lattner, and
430:University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
129:
95:
25:
2701:
1669:
1667:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
2934:The current NVVM IR is based on LLVM 5.0
2771:"42446 – lld can't handle gcc LTO files"
2610:
2160:
1586:The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure Project
1506:Architecture Neutral Distribution Format
1340:Apple maintains an open-source fork for
841:
428:The LLVM project started in 2000 at the
2970:
2331:
2240:
2099:
2053:
2020:
1824:
1745:
1277:Since v9.0.0, it was relicensed to the
1257:
3024:
2709:"[Nios2] Remove Nios2 backend"
2364:Architecture For a Next-Generation GCC
2332:Larabel, Michael (December 27, 2012).
2058:. In Brown, Amy; Wilson, Greg (eds.).
1753:. In Brown, Amy; Wilson, Greg (eds.).
1664:
1614:
1320:designed by and for the LLVM project.
1266:named libc++, dual-licensed under the
192:with LLVM Exceptions (v9.0.0 or later)
2657:"Remove the mblaze backend from llvm"
2479:
2367:. First Annual GCC Developers' Summit
2161:Wennborg, Hans (September 19, 2019).
1926:
1812:"NI LabVIEW Compiler: Under the Hood"
1311:
725:LLVM currently supports compiling of
585:LLVM supports a language-independent
522:"For designing and implementing LLVM"
2964:
1931:. St. Louis, Missouri, United States
1431:Free and open-source software portal
679:LLVMpipe, and incorporated into the
2309:
2287:
1927:Reedy, Geoff (September 24, 2012).
1825:Larabel, Michael (April 11, 2018).
1574:
1337:is based on LLVM, Clang, and Flang.
779:integrated development environments
526:Association for Computing Machinery
13:
1075:At version 16, LLVM supports many
270:no longer officially an initialism
14:
3063:
3052:Software using the Apache license
2999:
781:(IDEs) and has wider support for
506:, the LLVM implementation of the
2611:Stellard, Tom (March 26, 2012).
2503:
2487:"LLVM Language Reference Manual"
1971:Adam Treat (February 19, 2005),
1845:"32.1. What is JIT compilation?"
1675:"LLVM Language Reference Manual"
1423:
860:reduced instruction set computer
789:directives has been included in
454:permissive free software licence
3047:Software using the NCSA license
3042:Register-based virtual machines
3037:Free compilers and interpreters
2939:
2922:
2908:
2883:
2869:
2855:
2834:
2809:
2795:
2789:""libc++" C++ Standard Library"
2781:
2763:
2749:
2675:
2649:
2637:
2623:
2604:
2579:
2554:
2522:
2497:
2457:
2436:
2415:
2397:
2379:
2347:
2325:
2303:
2281:
2264:
2234:
2209:
2187:
2169:
2154:
2140:
2115:
2093:
2087:""libc++" C++ Standard Library"
2079:
2054:Lattner, Chris (June 1, 2011).
2047:
2014:
1943:
1920:
1895:
1863:
1837:
1818:
1804:
1783:
1157:is supported as of version 7.
2195:"LLVM relicensing - long tail"
1763:
1739:
1718:
1688:
1643:
1385:Los Alamos National Laboratory
1323:
895:"Hello, world\0A\00"
1:
1877:. Scratchwork Development LLC
1790:William Wong (May 23, 2017).
1568:
1527:
1398:
1335:AMD Optimizing C/C++ Compiler
693:
595:static single assignment form
1439:Common Intermediate Language
1146:in LLVM documentation), and
820:Common Intermediate Language
701:
241:. LLVM is designed around a
239:instruction set architecture
7:
2948:Developer Toolchain for ps4
2930:"NVVM IR Specification 1.5"
2865:. Apple. September 5, 2020.
2842:"Clang Language Extensions"
2444:"Compiling Haskell To LLVM"
2148:"ACM Software System Award"
1416:
1300:
1070:
856:intermediate representation
838:Intermediate representation
557:intermediate representation
550:
500:intermediate representation
246:intermediate representation
71:; 21 years ago
10:
3068:
2982:. Amy Brown, Greg Wilson.
2683:"Remove the Alpha backend"
2000:"Developer Tools Overview"
1501:TenDRA Distribution Format
1304:
444:techniques for static and
423:
266:Low Level Virtual Machine,
31:The LLVM logo, a stylized
2423:"Clang 3.8 Release Notes"
1929:"Compiling Scala to LLVM"
1218:
1112:Parallel Thread Execution
665:graphics processing units
597:(SSA), meaning that each
593:. Each instruction is in
534:ACM Software System Award
492:Low Level Virtual Machine
432:, under the direction of
196:
174:
162:
150:
140:
109:
105:
87:
83:
65:
55:
39:
24:
2387:"LLVM Compiler Overview"
2205:– via Google Docs.
1849:PostgreSQL Documentation
1406:software development kit
1362:is adopting LLVM in its
1284:
1134:in LLVM documentation),
1118:in LLVM documentation),
877:
854:The core of LLVM is the
805:Glasgow Haskell Compiler
603:just-in-time compilation
580:relocatable machine code
2735:"lld - The LLVM Linker"
2405:"Xcode 5 Release Notes"
2177:"Relicensing Long Tail"
2006:. Apple. Archived from
1475:GNU Compiler Collection
1168:, AMD R600, DEC/Compaq
873:"Hello, world!" program
669:central processing unit
578:LLVM can also generate
569:GNU Compiler Collection
472:since Xcode 4 in 2011.
2846:Clang 12 documentation
2757:"WebAssembly lld port"
1550:, released 2012 under
1454:Amsterdam Compiler Kit
1281:with LLVM Exceptions.
1252:link-time optimization
1065:polyhedral compilation
871:serializing. A simple
851:
510:(with full support of
464:development tools for
248:(IR) that serves as a
2105:"The LLVM Foundation"
2024:(December 21, 2011).
845:
264:originally stood for
2863:"apple/llvm-project"
2183:. November 11, 2022.
2123:"Board of Directors"
1779:. November 28, 2021.
1706:on December 12, 2021
1700:dotnetfoundation.org
1602:. September 17, 2024
1264:C++ Standard Library
1258:C++ Standard Library
834:register allocator.
822:(CIL) frontend, the
508:C++ Standard Library
396:'s SQL and PLpgSQL,
279:and is designed for
243:language-independent
231:programming language
61:LLVM Developer Group
2493:. January 10, 2023.
2391:developer.apple.com
2244:(August 15, 2006).
2181:foundation.llvm.org
1851:. November 12, 2020
1460:Optimizing compiler
1183:LLVM also supports
1166:mblaze (MicroBlaze)
793:since release 3.8.
442:dynamic compilation
275:LLVM is written in
100:/ 17 September 2024
21:
2974:(March 15, 2012).
2737:. The LLVM Project
2715:. January 15, 2019
2689:. October 27, 2011
2278:, November 6, 2011
2026:"The name of LLVM"
2010:on April 23, 2011.
1981:on October 4, 2011
1378:Intel C++ Compiler
1318:C standard library
1312:C Standard Library
1279:Apache License 2.0
875:in the IR format:
852:
650:partial evaluation
605:(JIT), similar to
545:Apache License 2.0
486:was originally an
190:Apache License 2.0
41:Original author(s)
19:
2587:"Dialects - MLIR"
2270:Michael Larabel,
2109:LLVM Project Blog
2103:(April 3, 2014).
1797:Electronic Design
1130:GPUs (also named
1114:(PTX, also named
643:function pointers
617:numbers and five
565:assembly language
559:(IR) code from a
254:assembly language
212:
211:
3059:
3016:
3011:
3010:
3008:Official website
2994:
2993:
2968:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2953:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2926:
2920:
2919:
2912:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2901:
2887:
2881:
2880:
2873:
2867:
2866:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2838:
2832:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2541:
2535:. Archived from
2534:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2510:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2401:
2395:
2394:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2285:
2279:
2268:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2221:reviews.llvm.org
2213:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2158:
2152:
2151:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2037:
2018:
2012:
2011:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1977:, archived from
1968:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1884:
1882:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1702:. Archived from
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1671:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1625:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1578:
1433:
1428:
1427:
1426:
1399:Backends section
1295:polyhedral model
1093:Qualcomm Hexagon
1077:instruction sets
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
869:
865:
658:Mac OS X Leopard
208:
205:
203:
152:Operating system
133:
128:
125:
123:
121:
99:
79:
77:
72:
29:
22:
18:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3022:
3021:
3006:
3005:
3002:
2997:
2990:
2969:
2965:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2899:
2897:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2875:
2874:
2870:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2840:
2839:
2835:
2825:
2823:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2787:
2786:
2782:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2755:
2754:
2750:
2740:
2738:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2718:
2716:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2692:
2690:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2666:
2664:
2663:. July 25, 2013
2655:
2654:
2650:
2642:
2638:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2619:(Mailing list).
2609:
2605:
2595:
2593:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2570:
2568:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2545:
2543:
2539:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2502:
2498:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2470:
2468:
2463:
2462:
2458:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2370:
2368:
2352:
2348:
2338:
2336:
2330:
2326:
2316:
2314:
2308:
2304:
2294:
2292:
2286:
2282:
2269:
2265:
2255:
2253:
2239:
2235:
2225:
2223:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2200:
2198:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2159:
2155:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2131:
2129:
2127:LLVM Foundation
2121:
2120:
2116:
2098:
2094:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2070:
2052:
2048:
2035:
2033:
2019:
2015:
2004:Apple Developer
1998:
1997:
1993:
1984:
1982:
1969:
1965:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1934:
1932:
1925:
1921:
1911:
1909:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1880:
1878:
1869:
1868:
1864:
1854:
1852:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1823:
1819:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1788:
1784:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1744:
1740:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1709:
1707:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1673:
1672:
1665:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1634:
1632:
1627:
1626:
1615:
1605:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1530:
1465:LLDB (debugger)
1429:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1326:
1314:
1309:
1307:LLDB (debugger)
1303:
1287:
1260:
1221:
1073:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
954:
951:
948:
945:
942:
939:
936:
933:
930:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
867:
863:
840:
704:
696:
587:instruction set
553:
502:(IR), the LLVM
496:virtual machine
426:
380:'s G language,
200:
188:
136:
118:
101:
75:
73:
70:
66:Initial release
35:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3065:
3055:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3018:
3017:
3001:
3000:External links
2998:
2996:
2995:
2989:978-1257638017
2988:
2972:Lattner, Chris
2963:
2938:
2921:
2916:"lanl/kitsune"
2907:
2882:
2868:
2854:
2833:
2808:
2794:
2780:
2762:
2748:
2726:
2700:
2674:
2648:
2636:
2622:
2603:
2578:
2553:
2521:
2504:Kang, Jin-Gu.
2496:
2478:
2467:. May 17, 2010
2456:
2435:
2414:
2396:
2378:
2355:Lattner, Chris
2346:
2324:
2302:
2280:
2263:
2252:(Mailing list)
2242:Lattner, Chris
2233:
2208:
2197:. LLVM Project
2186:
2168:
2153:
2139:
2114:
2101:Lattner, Chris
2092:
2078:
2069:978-1257638017
2068:
2046:
2032:(Mailing list)
2022:Lattner, Chris
2013:
1991:
1963:
1951:"Scala Native"
1942:
1919:
1894:
1862:
1836:
1817:
1803:
1782:
1762:
1747:Lattner, Chris
1738:
1717:
1687:
1663:
1642:
1613:
1591:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1559:
1548:978-1257638017
1529:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1402:
1388:
1381:
1371:
1357:
1351:
1345:
1338:
1325:
1322:
1313:
1310:
1305:Main article:
1302:
1299:
1286:
1283:
1259:
1256:
1220:
1217:
1201:Microsoft Edge
1140:z/Architecture
1126:, most recent
1072:
1069:
878:
839:
836:
832:graph coloring
785:. Support for
783:multithreading
769:using various
708:code generator
703:
700:
695:
692:
615:floating-point
552:
549:
532:with the 2012
425:
422:
210:
209:
198:
194:
193:
178:
172:
171:
166:
160:
159:
157:Cross-platform
154:
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
135:
134:
115:
113:
107:
106:
103:
102:
93:
91:
89:Stable release
85:
84:
81:
80:
67:
63:
62:
59:
53:
52:
43:
37:
36:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3064:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3020:
3015:
3009:
3004:
3003:
2991:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2967:
2950:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2931:
2925:
2917:
2911:
2896:
2892:
2886:
2878:
2872:
2864:
2858:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2837:
2822:
2821:libc.llvm.org
2818:
2812:
2804:
2798:
2790:
2784:
2776:
2775:bugs.llvm.org
2772:
2766:
2758:
2752:
2736:
2730:
2714:
2710:
2704:
2688:
2684:
2678:
2662:
2658:
2652:
2645:
2640:
2632:
2626:
2618:
2614:
2607:
2592:
2591:mlir.llvm.org
2588:
2582:
2567:
2566:mlir.llvm.org
2563:
2557:
2542:on 2 May 2012
2538:
2531:
2525:
2507:
2500:
2492:
2488:
2482:
2466:
2460:
2445:
2439:
2424:
2418:
2410:
2406:
2400:
2392:
2388:
2382:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2356:
2350:
2335:
2328:
2313:
2306:
2291:
2284:
2277:
2273:
2267:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2222:
2218:
2212:
2196:
2190:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2164:
2157:
2149:
2143:
2128:
2124:
2118:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2096:
2088:
2082:
2075:
2071:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2017:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1995:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1967:
1952:
1946:
1930:
1923:
1908:
1907:rust-lang.org
1904:
1898:
1891:
1889:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1850:
1846:
1840:
1832:
1828:
1821:
1813:
1807:
1799:
1798:
1793:
1786:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1766:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1742:
1727:
1721:
1710:September 12,
1705:
1701:
1697:
1691:
1676:
1670:
1668:
1652:
1646:
1635:September 24,
1630:
1629:"LICENSE.TXT"
1624:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1606:September 17,
1601:
1600:"LLVM 19.1.0"
1595:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1573:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1534:Chris Lattner
1532:
1531:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1470:GNU lightning
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1421:
1411:
1410:PlayStation 4
1408:(SDK) of its
1407:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1321:
1319:
1308:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1291:vectorization
1282:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1255:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1216:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1189:Google Chrome
1186:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1124:AMD TeraScale
1121:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1068:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1054:
964:getelementptr
876:
874:
861:
857:
849:
844:
835:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
816:Java bytecode
813:
808:
806:
802:
799:
794:
792:
788:
784:
780:
774:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
723:
721:
717:
713:
709:
699:
691:
689:
684:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
661:
659:
655:
651:
646:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
619:derived types
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
583:
581:
576:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
548:
546:
542:
537:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
480:
478:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
438:Chris Lattner
435:
431:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
366:Java bytecode
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
273:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
252:, high-level
251:
247:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
207:
199:
195:
191:
186:
182:
179:
177:
173:
170:
167:
165:
161:
158:
155:
153:
149:
146:
143:
139:
132:
127:
126:/llvm-project
117:
116:
114:
112:
108:
104:
98:
92:
90:
86:
82:
68:
64:
60:
58:
54:
51:
47:
46:Chris Lattner
44:
42:
38:
34:
28:
23:
3019:
2979:
2976:"Chapter 11"
2966:
2957:February 24,
2955:, retrieved
2947:
2941:
2933:
2924:
2910:
2898:. Retrieved
2894:
2885:
2871:
2857:
2849:
2845:
2836:
2824:. Retrieved
2820:
2811:
2797:
2783:
2774:
2765:
2751:
2739:. Retrieved
2729:
2717:. Retrieved
2712:
2703:
2691:. Retrieved
2686:
2677:
2665:. Retrieved
2660:
2651:
2639:
2625:
2616:
2606:
2594:. Retrieved
2590:
2581:
2569:. Retrieved
2565:
2556:
2544:. Retrieved
2537:the original
2524:
2512:. Retrieved
2499:
2490:
2481:
2469:. Retrieved
2459:
2449:February 22,
2447:. Retrieved
2438:
2426:. Retrieved
2417:
2408:
2399:
2390:
2381:
2371:September 6,
2369:. Retrieved
2363:
2361:(May 2003).
2359:Adve, Vikram
2349:
2337:. Retrieved
2327:
2315:. Retrieved
2310:Makarov, V.
2305:
2293:. Retrieved
2288:Makarov, V.
2283:
2275:
2266:
2254:. Retrieved
2249:
2236:
2224:. Retrieved
2220:
2211:
2201:November 27,
2199:. Retrieved
2189:
2180:
2171:
2156:
2142:
2130:. Retrieved
2126:
2117:
2108:
2095:
2081:
2073:
2062:. Lulu.com.
2059:
2049:
2041:
2034:. Retrieved
2029:
2016:
2008:the original
2003:
1994:
1983:, retrieved
1979:the original
1973:
1966:
1956:November 26,
1954:. Retrieved
1945:
1935:February 19,
1933:. Retrieved
1922:
1910:. Retrieved
1906:
1897:
1886:
1879:. Retrieved
1874:
1865:
1853:. Retrieved
1848:
1839:
1831:Phoronix.com
1830:
1820:
1806:
1795:
1785:
1774:
1765:
1755:
1741:
1729:. Retrieved
1720:
1708:. Retrieved
1704:the original
1699:
1690:
1678:. Retrieved
1654:. Retrieved
1645:
1633:. Retrieved
1604:. Retrieved
1594:
1585:
1576:
1537:
1327:
1315:
1288:
1276:
1272:UIUC license
1261:
1249:
1222:
1213:
1205:Apple Safari
1182:
1159:
1152:
1143:
1142:(also named
1131:
1115:
1079:, including
1074:
1057:
1049:
853:
830:, and a new
818:frontend, a
814:compiler, a
809:
795:
775:
724:
705:
697:
685:
662:
656:pipeline of
647:
584:
577:
554:
541:UIUC license
538:
521:
520:
491:
483:
481:
474:
427:
298:ActionScript
281:compile-time
274:
265:
261:
256:that can be
217:is a set of
214:
213:
94:19.1.0
57:Developer(s)
2719:January 26,
2693:January 26,
2667:January 26,
2514:December 1,
1985:January 27,
1855:January 25,
1726:"Mono LLVM"
1582:"LLVM Logo"
1556:Open Access
1324:Derivatives
1268:MIT License
1241:WebAssembly
1185:WebAssembly
828:Standard ML
759:Objective-C
591:type system
456:. In 2005,
434:Vikram Adve
386:Objective-C
354:Free Pascal
314:Common Lisp
50:Vikram Adve
3026:Categories
2900:August 17,
2471:August 13,
2428:August 24,
2317:October 3,
2295:October 3,
1912:January 4,
1888:RubyMotion
1875:RubyMotion
1871:"Features"
1771:"MovForth"
1631:. llvm.org
1569:References
1528:Literature
1496:Emscripten
1370:compilers.
694:Components
635:structures
530:Evan Cheng
488:initialism
458:Apple Inc.
394:PostgreSQL
141:Written in
111:Repository
3032:Compilers
2409:Apple Inc
2339:March 31,
2132:March 19,
1731:March 10,
1656:March 11,
1174:Alpha AXP
1097:LoongArch
771:frontends
702:Frontends
677:Gallium3D
673:Intel GMA
639:functions
573:toolchain
482:The name
350:FreeBASIC
285:link-time
258:optimized
223:toolchain
185:BSD-style
2826:July 18,
2617:llvm-dev
2546:25 April
2491:LLVM.org
2276:phoronix
2256:March 1,
2250:llvm-dev
2226:July 28,
2036:March 2,
2030:llvm-dev
1881:June 17,
1749:(2011).
1417:See also
1412:console.
1301:Debugger
1293:using a
1270:and the
1193:Chromium
1162:Cell SPU
1071:Backends
1033:nounwind
949:nounwind
889:constant
886:internal
688:phoronix
623:pointers
599:variable
561:compiler
551:Features
504:debugger
318:PicoLisp
250:portable
237:for any
229:for any
227:frontend
219:compiler
169:Compiler
2741:May 10,
2596:June 7,
2571:June 7,
1680:June 9,
1368:Fortran
1233:PE/COFF
1197:Firefox
1144:SystemZ
1120:PowerPC
1018:@printf
904:@printf
898:declare
848:Mesa 3D
824:MacRuby
801:Haskell
798:Utrecht
751:Haskell
747:Fortran
631:vectors
611:integer
446:dynamic
424:History
378:LabVIEW
362:Haskell
346:Fortran
322:Crystal
289:runtime
235:backend
197:Website
176:License
74: (
2986:
2713:GitHub
2687:GitHub
2661:GitHub
2562:"MLIR"
2150:. ACM.
2066:
2056:"LLVM"
1776:GitHub
1751:"LLVM"
1546:
1517:SPIR-V
1508:(ANDF)
1486:OpenCL
1391:Nvidia
1333:AMD's
1245:GNU ld
1239:, and
1237:Mach-O
1225:linker
1219:Linker
1176:) and
1155:RISC-V
1132:AMDGPU
1109:NVIDIA
1085:x86-64
955:entry:
919:define
787:OpenMP
765:, and
743:Delphi
712:GIMPLE
654:OpenGL
637:, and
627:arrays
571:(GCC)
524:, the
416:, and
390:OpenCL
374:Kotlin
358:Halide
334:Delphi
233:and a
120:github
33:wyvern
2952:(PDF)
2895:Intel
2540:(PDF)
2533:(PDF)
2509:(PDF)
1554:3.0 (
1552:CC BY
1477:(GCC)
1456:(ACK)
1374:Intel
1364:C/C++
1354:Flang
1342:Xcode
1285:Polly
1178:Nios2
1170:Alpha
1148:XCore
1136:SPARC
1116:NVPTX
1081:IA-32
1053:PNaCl
1027:%tmp1
994:%tmp2
973:@.str
958:%tmp1
943:%argv
934:%argc
925:@main
880:@.str
791:Clang
767:Swift
755:Julia
720:Clang
716:Xcode
681:GNOME
516:C++14
512:C++11
477:Clang
466:macOS
462:Xcode
410:Swift
406:Scala
370:Julia
342:Forth
338:Dylan
204:.llvm
124:/llvm
2984:ISBN
2959:2015
2902:2021
2828:2022
2743:2017
2721:2020
2695:2020
2669:2020
2598:2022
2573:2022
2548:2012
2516:2019
2473:2010
2451:2009
2430:2016
2373:2009
2341:2013
2319:2011
2297:2011
2258:2016
2228:2023
2203:2022
2134:2024
2064:ISBN
2038:2016
1987:2012
1958:2023
1937:2013
1914:2023
1883:2017
1857:2021
1733:2013
1712:2020
1682:2019
1658:2016
1637:2019
1608:2024
1544:ISBN
1491:ROCm
1481:Pure
1444:HHVM
1395:CUDA
1383:The
1366:and
1209:WAVM
1105:MIPS
1101:M68K
1060:MLIR
1015:...)
1000:call
916:...)
866:and
864:call
812:Rust
796:The
763:Rust
607:Java
589:and
514:and
490:for
484:LLVM
468:and
452:, a
436:and
414:Xojo
402:Rust
398:Ruby
326:CUDA
310:.NET
308:for
262:LLVM
221:and
215:LLVM
206:.org
181:UIUC
164:Type
122:.com
76:2003
69:2003
20:LLVM
1449:C--
1360:IBM
1348:Arm
1229:ELF
1207:or
1150:.
1128:AMD
1089:ARM
1039:i32
1036:ret
1024:ptr
1009:ptr
1003:i32
988:i32
979:i32
970:ptr
940:ptr
931:i32
922:i32
910:ptr
901:i32
868:ret
735:C++
727:Ada
613:or
470:iOS
418:Zig
382:Lua
302:Ada
277:C++
202:www
145:C++
3028::
2978:.
2932:.
2893:.
2848:.
2844:.
2819:.
2773:.
2711:.
2685:.
2659:.
2615:.
2589:.
2564:.
2489:.
2407:.
2389:.
2357:;
2274:,
2248:.
2219:.
2179:.
2125:.
2107:.
2072:.
2040:.
2028:.
2002:.
1905:.
1885:.
1873:.
1847:.
1829:.
1794:.
1773:.
1698:.
1666:^
1616:^
1584:.
1558:).
1542:,
1536:-
1297:.
1274:.
1247:.
1235:,
1231:,
1203:,
1199:,
1195:,
1191:/
1164:,
1138:,
1122:,
1107:,
1103:,
1099:,
1095:,
1091:,
1087:,
1083:,
1067:.
1055:.
773:.
761:,
757:,
753:,
749:,
745:,
741:,
737:,
733:,
729:,
645:.
633:,
629:,
625:,
621::
536:.
420:.
412:,
408:,
404:,
400:,
392:,
388:,
384:,
376:,
372:,
368:,
364:,
360:,
356:,
352:,
348:,
344:,
340:,
336:,
332:,
328:,
324:,
320:,
316:,
312:,
306:C#
304:,
300:,
287:,
283:,
272:.
48:,
2992:.
2904:.
2879:.
2830:.
2805:.
2791:.
2777:.
2759:.
2745:.
2723:.
2697:.
2671:.
2633:.
2600:.
2575:.
2550:.
2518:.
2475:.
2453:.
2432:.
2411:.
2393:.
2375:.
2343:.
2321:.
2299:.
2260:.
2230:.
2165:.
2136:.
2111:.
2089:.
1960:.
1939:.
1916:.
1859:.
1833:.
1814:.
1800:.
1759:.
1735:.
1714:.
1684:.
1660:.
1639:.
1610:.
1588:.
1380:.
1344:.
1172:(
1045:}
1042:0
1030:)
1021:(
1012:,
1006:(
997:=
991:0
985:,
982:0
976:,
967:,
961:=
952:{
946:)
937:,
928:(
913:,
907:(
892:c
883:=
850:.
739:D
731:C
330:D
293:C
187:)
183:(
78:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
