233:, only to be defeated decisively by the far more numerous government soldiers. It was hoped that the staged attack would initiate a nationwide revolt against Batista's government. After an hour of fighting most of the rebels and their commander fled to the mountains. The exact number of rebels killed in the battle is debatable; however, in his autobiography, Fidel Castro wrote that six were killed during the fighting, and an additional 55 were executed after being captured by the Batista government. Due to the government's large number of men, Hunt revised the number to about 60 members taking the opportunity to flee to the mountains along with Castro. Among the dead was
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However, they had crashed into a sandbar, a mile short of the intended point of rendezvous, in a mangrove swamp. The reception party had departed from the lighthouse the night prior after waiting for two days. after which they departed the boat and were forced to leave much of their food, ammunition and medicine behind, landing onto shore in the mid-morning. During the landing, they had been spotted by the Cuban coast guard, after which news of the landing was relayed to the armed forces.
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of the rebels. Passing by the edge of a cane field, the rebels were then ambushed in the afternoon at AlegrĂa de PĂo. Caught by surprise, the rebels panicked and milled around as their organization and cohesion were destroyed. Fidel ordered his men to follow him into the forests to escape, however, in the midst of the fighting, many abandoned their equipment, and others who were paralyzed by shock and terror remained where they were.
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466:. The rebellion happened on November 30 and was meant to take place in conjunction with the landing of the Granma, which was expected to land in Cuba five days after departing from Mexico. A reception party was assigned to wait for the rebels during the uprising at the lighthouse at Cabo Cruz, with trucks and 100 men. After this, the plan was that they would raid the towns of Niquero and
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201:. The 60-foot (18 m) diesel-powered vessel was built in 1943 by Wheeler Shipbuilding of Brooklyn, New York, as a light armored target practice boat, US Navy C-1994, and modified postwar to accommodate 12 people. "Granma", in English, is an affectionate term for a grandmother; the yacht is said to have been named for the previous owner's grandmother.
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helicopters and airplanes soon after landing. Since the terrain on the coastline provided little cover, the party was an easy target. After two days on
December 4, the separate groups had found each other and trekked further inland in the direction of the Sierra Maestra with the help of a local peasant guide.
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Shortly after midnight on
December 5, the rebel column had halted to rest for the night at a sugarcane field, where they had feasted on stalks of cane, leaving behind their presence to enemy forces. During this time, their guide had abandoned them, telling nearby soldiers of the presence and location
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The Granma had approached the Playa las
Coloradas in the early morning of December 2, 1956. Trying to spot the Cabo Cruz lighthouse, the navigator had fallen overboard, after which he had to be rescued. With the night quickly departing, Fidel ordered for the ship to land at the nearest point of land.
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After splitting into two groups upon reaching dry land, the rebels were forced to gradually abandon more equipment as they navigated the bush. During this period, Batista predicted correctly that the landing would occur, and his troops were ready. Consequentially, the landing party was bombarded by
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by Lopez. The Castro brothers, Lopez, and
Guevara were to be the first volunteers for the expedition. On the evening of July 8, 1954 Guevara and Fidel Castro met in the home of Maria Antonia Gonzalez. The apartment later became a headquarters for the rebels. Castro realised he had little money for
474:
to conduct guerilla warfare. However, due to choppy weather, the Granma had landed two days late on
December 2, and as a result, the supporting uprising was left isolated and was quickly destroyed. As a result of this, the rebels had lost the element of surprise, and the military was put on high
484:
We reached solid ground, lost, stumbling along like so many shadows or ghosts marching in response to some obscure psychic impulse. We had been through seven days of constant hunger and sickness during the sea crossing, topped by three still more terrible days on land. Exactly 10 days after our
273:. Castro informed Bayo he had a plan to invade Cuba but had no money for weapons or a single volunteered soldier. Despite the lack of resources Bayo decided to assist Castro's plan because giving military advice would not cost him anything. With time Fidel would be joined by his brother
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Initially, Batista did not know who exactly were among the casualties, and international media widely reported that Fidel had died. This was, however, not the case. Of the 82, about 21 had survived. According to the most credible version, the survivors were Fidel, RaĂșl, Guevara,
394:
yacht expeditioners)âthen set out from Tuxpan at 2 a.m. After a series of vicissitudes and misadventures, including diminishing supplies, sea-sickness, and the near-foundering of their heavily laden and leaking craft, they disembarked on
December 2 on the
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departure from Mexico, during the early morning hours of
December 5, following a night-long march interrupted by fainting and frequent rest periods, we reached a spot paradoxically known as AlegrĂa de PĂo (Rejoicing of the Pious). â Che Guevara
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Numerous important revolutionaries, including the Castro brothers, were captured soon afterwards. During a political trial, Fidel spoke for nearly four hours in his defense, ending with the words "Condemn me, it does not matter.
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In 1953, beginning their first attack against the
Batista government, Fidel Castro gathered 160 fighters and planned a multi-pronged attack on two military installations. On 26 July 1953, the rebels attacked the
245:." Castro's defense was based on nationalism, representation and beneficial programs for the non-elite Cubans, justice for the Cuban community, and his patriotism. Fidel was sentenced to 15 years in the prison
253:, while RaĂșl was sentenced to 13 years. However, in 1955, yielding to political considerations, the Batista government freed all political prisoners in Cuba, including the Moncada attackers. Fidel's
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4,000 in 1956) from the United States-based
Schuylkill Products Company, Inc., by a Mexican citizenâsaid to be Mexico City gun dealer Antonio "The Friend" del Condeâsecretly representing
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328:. It is still unknown who removed the light armor and expanded the cabin postwar to convert the navy training boat into a civilian yacht. Castro's
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childhood teachers succeeded in persuading
Batista to include Fidel and RaĂșl in the release. Fidel Castro left Cuba for exile in Mexico.
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HaydĂ©e SantamarĂa Woman Guerilla Leader in Cuba Whose Passion for Art and Revolution Inspired Latin America's Cultural Renaissance
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was boarded surreptitiously by 82 members of the 26th of July Movement including their commander, Fidel Castro, his brother,
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318:. The builder, Wheeler Shipbuiding, then of Brooklyn, New York, now of Chapel Hill, North Carolina, also built
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Soon after the revolutionary forces triumphed on January 1, 1959, the cabin cruiser was transferred to
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was working as a doctor. Guevara, who had met Lopez previously in Guatemala was invited to meet with
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Since 1976, the yacht has been displayed permanently in a glass enclosure at the Memorial
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to Cuba, but their efforts had been thwarted by lack of funds. The money to purchase
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for the 1956 voyage, received the job of guarding and preserving the yacht.
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1708:. World Leaders Past & Present. Chelsea House Publishers. p. 40.
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Pasajes de la guerra revolucionaria. "Una revoluciĂłn que comienza"
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Soon after midnight on November 25, 1956, in the Mexican port of
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423:, who had landed in the same region 61 years earlier during the
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1984:
1439:"Chronicle of an Unforgettable Agony: Cuba's Political Prisons"
1143:
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615:. All others had been either killed, captured, or left behind.
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Invasion of Cuba done by a single yacht in the Cuban revolution
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1951:"The Amazing True Story of Fidel Castro's Mystery Motoryacht"
1786:. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. p. 107n49.
291:
186:
1363:. New York, New York: Oxford University Press. p. 257.
1197:
The Che Guevara Reader Writings on Politics & Revolution
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Che Describes his Departure to Cuba from Mexico Aboard the
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311:
194:
1745:. United Kingdom: Monthly Review Press. pp. 42â48.
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further inland. The survivors continued to the foot of
386:. The groupâwho later came to be known collectively as
1594:"Humanismo. Mexico City: January-February 1958, No. 4"
506:
Many casualties ensued, most of them during battle at
1150:âestablished at the location (Playa Las Coloradas)âa
1966:
1808:"Lo que brilla con luz propia, nada lo puede apagar"
407:(named for the vessel), formerly part of the larger
1509:"Fifty years on, Mexico town recalls young Castro"
1223:"Fifty years on, Mexico town recalls young Castro"
1157:The Cuban government celebrates December 2 as the
1138:, where the expedition made landfall, was renamed
1885:Vida Clandestina: My Life in the Cuban Revolution
1506:
1427:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 258.
1400:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 257.
1115:. Norberto Collado Abreu, who had served as main
470:together, after which they would escape into the
306:The yacht was purchased on October 10, 1956, for
87:Rebels ambushed by Batistiano forces 3 days later
3325:
1881:
1923:. Translated by Andrew Hurley. Penguin Books.
1780:Bonachea, Ramon L.; Martin, Marta San (2011).
1779:
189:that was used to transport 82 fighters of the
2947:
2553:
2080:
1300:"Historical sites: Moncada Army Barracks and"
1175:. The name of the vessel became a symbol for
618:
209:
1743:Reminiscences of the Cuban Revolutionary War
1330:"Fidel Castro and the 26th of July Movement"
435:
427:of independence from Spanish colonial rule.
197:in November 1956 to overthrow the regime of
3334:Military operations of the Cuban Revolution
1875:
1246:"Roots of Cuban Revolution lie in the east"
497:
2954:
2940:
2560:
2546:
2087:
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1937:
1767:
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1728:
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1461:
1425:The World Transformed: 1945 to the Present
1398:The World Transformed: 1945 to the Present
1361:The World Transformed: 1945 to the present
1268:"Down with Imperialism* 12,000 Miles Away"
1243:
84:Landing delayed 2 days due to bad weather
1888:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 292â.
1648:"Cuban Revolutionary Collado Abreu Dies"
1221:Daniel, Frank Jack (November 25, 2006).
1096:
167:
2754:Episodes of the Cuban Revolutionary War
1948:
1740:
1703:
1507:Frank Jack Daniel (November 27, 2006).
1479:
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1911:
1567:
1467:
1410:
1383:
1220:
286:his plans and in October travelled to
265:In Mexico, Fidel Castro soon met with
2935:
2541:
2068:
1882:Enrique Oltuski (November 29, 2002).
1834:"Desembarco del Granma National Park"
1642:
1640:
1324:
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1949:Swanson, Peter (February 23, 2018).
1944:. Episode 4 (in Finnish). 2016. Yle.
1863:. Cuban Ministry of the Armed Forces
1422:
1395:
1358:
1318:
1622:
1572:. Da Capo Press. pp. 584â585.
1340:from the original on 22 August 2015
1148:Landing of the Granma National Park
388:los expedicionarios del yate Granma
348:had been raised in the US state of
13:
2477:United States embargo against Cuba
2403:Second National Front of Escambray
1637:
1416:
1276:. December 2, 2008. Archived from
176:from Tuxpan to Playa Las Coloradas
162:67 (killed in ambush 3 days later)
14:
3360:
2467:Aftermath of the Cuban Revolution
2127:Havana Presidential Palace attack
1962:
1539:"History â Wheeler Yacht Company"
1389:
1306:from the original on 10 July 2013
478:
336:maritime aircraft, or a US naval
2961:
2914:
2913:
2634:
1969:
1445:. September 1996. Archived from
1244:Arrington, Vanessa (July 2006).
340:for the purpose of crossing the
116:
104:
40:
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1851:
1826:
1800:
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1654:. April 3, 2008. Archived from
1616:
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1568:Thomas, Hugh (March 21, 1998).
1561:
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301:
46:Fighters disembarking from the
1905:
1377:
1352:
1292:
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1214:
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216:Attack on the Moncada Barracks
62:November 26 â December 2, 1956
1:
1990:Che Guevara's account of the
1200:. Seven Stories Press. 2022.
1182:
1159:Day of the Cuban Armed Forces
637:Juan Manuel MĂĄrquez RodrĂguez
525:to perform guerilla warfare.
446:A rebellion organized by the
260:
204:
1783:Cuban Insurrection 1952â1959
1629:(in Spanish). Archived from
1570:Cuba: The Pursuit of Freedom
1248:. Fox News. Associated Press
430:
332:had attempted to purchase a
7:
1677:Santamaria, Haydee (2003).
1600:. Sotherbys. Archived from
626:The 82 expeditioners were:
10:
3365:
2303:José Ramón Machado Ventura
1683:. Ocean Press. p. x.
439:
213:
210:Exile of Moncada attackers
3253:
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2779:Che (Part 1 & Part 2)
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2429:
2401:
2373:Directorio Revolucionario
2371:
2308:Fernando MartĂnez Heredia
2188:
2179:
2102:
1999:Fidel Castro recalls the
1741:Guevara, Ernesto (1968).
1704:Kellner, Douglas (1989).
1359:Hunt, Michael H. (2004).
1154:for its natural habitat.
1092:
442:Santiago de Cuba Uprising
436:Santiago de Cuba uprising
399:, in the municipality of
161:
156:
151:
146:
129:
97:
54:
39:
31:
23:
3119:Fidel Castro DĂaz-Balart
2793:The Hands of Che Guevara
2421:William Alexander Morgan
2363:Sergio del Valle Jiménez
1985:Wheeler Yachts Home Page
1483:Fidel Castro A Biography
1480:Skierka, Volker (2014).
1142:in honor of the vessel.
1128:Museum of the Revolution
498:Ambush at AlegrĂa de PĂo
3298:Relationship with dairy
3188:638 Ways to Kill Castro
3156:Fidel: The Untold Story
3055:Death and state funeral
2998:History Will Absolve Me
2383:JosĂ© Antonio EcheverrĂa
2343:Carlos Rafael RodrĂguez
2117:History Will Absolve Me
1938:"A Ragtag Revolution".
243:History will absolve me
3261:Assassination attempts
3131:Alejandro Castro EspĂn
3101:Natalia Revuelta Clews
3036:Intervention in Angola
2772:The Motorcycle Diaries
2740:The Motorcycle Diaries
2696:Harry "Pombo" Villegas
2393:Rolando Cubela Secades
2263:Abelardo Colomé Ibarra
2258:Norberto Collado Abreu
2152:Battle of Las Mercedes
1423:Hunt, Michael (2014).
1396:Hunt, Michael (2014).
1108:
922:Alfonso Guillén Zelaya
800:Evaristo Montes de Oca
763:Fernando SĂĄnchez-Amaya
487:
417:Norberto Collado Abreu
177:
130:Commanders and leaders
3223:Fidel Castro Handbook
3215:The Real Fidel Castro
2992:26th of July Movement
2716:Canek SĂĄnchez Guevara
2606:Battle of Santa Clara
2601:26th of July Movement
2416:Eloy Gutiérrez Menoyo
2318:Antonio NĂșñez JimĂ©nez
2298:Neill W. Macaulay Jr.
2248:Mario Chanes de Armas
2190:26th of July Movement
2164:Battle of Santa Clara
2051:23.14083°N 82.35694°W
1921:Fidel Castro: My Life
1860:ExpediciĂłn del Granma
1706:Ernesto "Che" Guevara
1233:on November 28, 2006.
1167:Cuban Communist Party
1100:
482:
475:alert in the region.
448:26th of July movement
330:26th of July Movement
171:
157:Casualties and losses
111:26th of July Movement
3344:Museum ships in Cuba
3071:Ăngel Castro y Argiz
3026:Cuban Missile Crisis
3021:Bay of Pigs Invasion
2616:Cuban Missile Crisis
2611:Bay of Pigs Invasion
2492:Cuban Missile Crisis
2487:Bay of Pigs Invasion
2012:on historyofcuba.com
1941:The Cuba Libre Story
1519:on November 23, 2007
1326:Faria, Miguel A. Jr.
701:Teniente JesĂșs Reyes
357:Carlos PrĂo SocarrĂĄs
334:Catalina flying boat
294:to raise money from
229:and the barracks in
50:onto the Cuban coast
2841:Guerrillero Heroico
2691:Simeon Cuba Sarabia
2482:La Coubre explosion
2411:Escambray rebellion
2353:Humberto SorĂ Marin
2213:Efigenio Ameijeiras
2208:Juan Almeida Bosque
2132:Humboldt 7 massacre
2056:23.14083; -82.35694
2047: /
1280:on December 2, 2008
1152:World Heritage Site
1134:. A portion of old
1044:Efigenio Ameijeiras
952:Antonio DarĂo LĂłpez
758:JosĂ© RamĂłn MartĂnez
666:Juan Almeida Bosque
622:yacht expeditioners
586:Luis Crespo Cabrera
566:Juan Almeida Bosque
554:Efigenio Ameijeiras
397:Playa Las Coloradas
361:Teresa Casuso MorĂn
3273:Awards and honours
3048:Transfer of duties
2853:In popular culture
2800:Che: Rise and Fall
2159:Battle of Yaguajay
2147:Battle of La Plata
2137:Attack on El Uvero
2017:The Voyage of the
1623:Guevara, Ernesto.
1513:Caribbean Net News
1449:on 28 January 2013
1302:. CubaTravelInfo.
1109:
892:Fransisco GonzĂĄlez
613:Fransisco GonzĂĄlez
298:for his invasion.
178:
3321:
3320:
3249:
3248:
3180:Looking for Fidel
3095:Mirta DĂaz-Balart
2929:
2928:
2747:Guerrilla Warfare
2681:Camilo Cienfuegos
2626:Bolivian Campaign
2535:
2534:
2455:
2454:
2442:Pedro Luis Boitel
2253:Camilo Cienfuegos
1930:978-0-14-102626-8
1895:978-0-7879-6658-4
1793:978-1-4128-2090-5
1633:on June 12, 2010.
1549:on March 23, 2019
1543:wheeleryachts.com
1443:Contacto Magazine
1163:Central Committee
1146:has declared the
1034:Francisco Chicola
1004:Armando RodrĂguez
962:Camilo Cienfuegos
887:Manuel EchevarrĂa
840:Ernesto FernĂĄndez
805:Esteban Sotolongo
748:Horacio RodrĂguez
562:Camilo Cienfuegos
531:Armando RodrĂguez
452:HaydĂ©e SantamarĂa
384:Camilo Cienfuegos
354:President of Cuba
338:crash rescue boat
320:Ernest Hemmingway
267:Spanish Civil War
199:Fulgencio Batista
166:
165:
141:Fulgencio Batista
93:
92:
3356:
3283:Eponymous things
3145:
3144:
3077:RamĂłn Castro Ruz
3031:Machurucuto raid
2982:Cuban Revolution
2956:
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2916:
2638:
2588:Cuban Revolution
2562:
2555:
2548:
2539:
2538:
2233:RamĂłn Castro Ruz
2198:Alfredo Abon Lee
2186:
2185:
2142:Operation Verano
2112:Moncada Barracks
2096:Cuban Revolution
2089:
2082:
2075:
2066:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2040:
1979:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1958:
1945:
1934:
1900:
1899:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1777:
1771:
1765:
1759:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1738:
1732:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1701:
1695:
1694:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1658:on April 7, 2008
1652:Associated Press
1644:
1635:
1634:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1545:. Archived from
1535:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1515:. Archived from
1504:
1498:
1497:
1486:. Polity Press.
1477:
1471:
1465:
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1456:
1454:
1435:
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1345:
1328:(27 July 2004).
1322:
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1290:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1264:
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1257:
1255:
1253:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1229:. Archived from
1218:
1212:
1211:
1192:
1136:Oriente Province
1126:adjacent to the
1072:
1039:Universo SĂĄnchez
1019:Reinaldo BenĂtez
985:
883:
860:Humberto Lamothe
825:Emilio Albentosa
786:
773:Norberto Collado
729:
706:CĂĄndido GonzĂĄlez
661:José Smith Comas
657:
645:
602:
578:Reinaldo BenĂtez
550:Universo SĂĄnchez
543:
516:
464:Santiago de Cuba
409:Oriente Province
368:Tuxpan, Veracruz
223:Moncada Barracks
191:Cuban Revolution
122:
120:
119:
109:
108:
107:
56:
55:
44:
34:Cuban Revolution
21:
20:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3317:
3293:Religious views
3245:
3194:
3141:Popular culture
3136:
3113:Alina FernĂĄndez
3109:(sister-in-law)
3059:
2965:
2960:
2930:
2925:
2905:
2887:
2883:Jim Fitzpatrick
2828:
2812:
2759:
2725:
2711:Orlando Borrego
2706:FĂ©lix RodrĂguez
2651:Alberto Granado
2639:
2630:
2583:Guatemalan Coup
2571:
2566:
2536:
2531:
2510:
2451:
2425:
2397:
2374:
2367:
2328:Enrique Oltuski
2288:Melba HernĂĄndez
2228:Orlando Borrego
2203:Ricardo AlarcĂłn
2181:
2175:
2171:Battle of Guisa
2098:
2093:
2055:
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2046:
2041:
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2008:Landing of the
1975:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1931:
1917:Ignacio Ramonet
1908:
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1815:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1794:
1778:
1774:
1768:Cuba Libre 2016
1766:
1762:
1756:Cuba Libre 2016
1754:
1750:
1739:
1735:
1729:Cuba Libre 2016
1727:
1723:
1716:
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1215:
1208:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1177:Cuban communism
1169:has been named
1140:Granma Province
1095:
1090:
1076:Rolando Santana
1066:
1014:Calixto Morales
979:
967:Gilberto GarcĂa
957:Oscar RodrĂguez
947:Carlos BermĂșdez
927:Miguel Saavedra
877:
865:Santiago Hirzel
780:
768:Arturo Chaumont
753:JosĂ© Ponce DĂaz
723:
651:
639:
624:
609:Carlos BermĂșdez
596:
574:Calixto Morales
537:
510:
500:
481:
450:and planned by
444:
438:
433:
415:was piloted by
405:Granma Province
304:
263:
247:Presidio Modelo
235:Abel SantamarĂa
218:
212:
207:
193:from Mexico to
117:
115:
105:
103:
74:
45:
24:Landing of the
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3269:
3268:
3257:
3255:
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3250:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3243:
3235:
3231:Castro's Beard
3227:
3219:
3211:
3202:
3200:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3184:
3176:
3168:
3160:
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3149:
3142:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3134:
3128:
3125:Mariela Castro
3122:
3116:
3110:
3104:
3098:
3092:
3089:Juanita Castro
3086:
3080:
3074:
3067:
3065:
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2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2666:Aleida Guevara
2663:
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2647:
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2273:Carlos Franqui
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2100:
2099:
2092:
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2084:
2077:
2069:
2031:
2030:
2022:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1987:
1981:
1980:
1964:
1963:External links
1961:
1960:
1959:
1946:
1935:
1929:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1894:
1874:
1850:
1838:whc.unesco.org
1825:
1812:Granma Cuba Si
1799:
1792:
1772:
1760:
1748:
1733:
1721:
1714:
1696:
1689:
1669:
1636:
1615:
1604:on May 8, 2019
1585:
1578:
1560:
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1041:
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1031:
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1024:RenĂ© RodrĂguez
1021:
1016:
1011:
1009:Calixto GarcĂa
1006:
1001:
996:
994:Enrique CĂĄmara
991:
989:Norberto Godoy
986:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
942:Israel Cabrera
939:
937:Arsenio GarcĂa
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
872:
870:Enrique Cuélez
867:
862:
857:
852:
850:Miguel Cabañas
847:
845:Armando Mestre
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
778:Gino DonĂš Paro
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735:
730:
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683:
678:
673:
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663:
658:
649:Faustino PĂ©rez
646:
634:
628:
623:
617:
570:Calixto GarcĂa
558:RenĂ© RodrĂguez
535:Faustino PĂ©rez
523:Sierra Maestra
508:AlegrĂa de PĂo
499:
496:
480:
479:Granma landing
477:
472:Sierra Maestra
440:Main article:
437:
434:
432:
429:
342:Gulf of Mexico
303:
300:
262:
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214:Main article:
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3259:
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3252:
3241:
3240:
3239:The Cuba Wars
3236:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3207:Guerrilla War
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3189:
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2987:Participation
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2879:
2878:Alberto Korda
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2527:Radio Rebelde
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2437:RamĂłn BarquĂn
2435:
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2348:Celia SĂĄnchez
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2338:Jorge Risquet
2336:
2334:
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2323:Arnaldo Ochoa
2321:
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2293:Mario Llerena
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2218:Gustavo Arcos
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2180:Organizations
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1913:Castro, Fidel
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1715:1-55546-835-7
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1690:9781876175597
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1598:Sotherbys.com
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1493:9780745693040
1489:
1485:
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1470:, p. 174
1469:
1468:Castro (2007)
1464:
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1419:
1413:, p. 672
1412:
1411:Castro (2007)
1407:
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1384:Castro (2007)
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3266:Robert Maheu
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2963:Fidel Castro
2918:
2900:Vida del Che
2898:
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2777:
2771:
2752:
2746:
2739:
2701:RĂ©gis Debray
2686:Tamara Bunke
2676:Fidel Castro
2661:Aleida March
2621:Congo Crisis
2593:
2388:Faure ChomĂłn
2283:Armando Hart
2238:Fidel Castro
2032:
2026:
2018:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1955:PassageMaker
1954:
1939:
1920:
1884:
1877:
1867:November 19,
1865:. Retrieved
1859:
1853:
1843:February 12,
1841:. Retrieved
1837:
1828:
1818:September 3,
1816:. Retrieved
1814:(in Spanish)
1811:
1802:
1782:
1775:
1763:
1751:
1742:
1736:
1724:
1705:
1699:
1679:
1672:
1660:. Retrieved
1656:the original
1631:the original
1625:
1618:
1608:December 28,
1606:. Retrieved
1602:the original
1597:
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1569:
1563:
1551:. Retrieved
1547:the original
1542:
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1521:. Retrieved
1517:the original
1512:
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1447:the original
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1342:. Retrieved
1320:
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1294:
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1278:the original
1271:
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1239:
1231:the original
1216:
1196:
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1170:
1156:
1123:
1121:
1110:
1104:Memorial in
1101:
1081:RamĂłn Mejias
1064:Ciro Redondo
875:Mario Chanes
815:José Fuentes
810:Andrés Lujån
743:Rolando Moya
686:Armando Huau
681:FĂ©lix Elmuza
632:Fidel Castro
625:
619:
594:Ciro Redondo
527:
505:
501:
492:
488:
483:
462:occurred in
445:
412:
403:, in modern
391:
387:
371:
365:
345:
324:
316:Fidel Castro
305:
302:Preparations
296:Cuban exiles
283:Fidel Castro
271:Alberto Bayo
264:
239:
219:
181:
180:
179:
173:
136:Fidel Castro
98:Belligerents
47:
32:Part of the
25:
18:
3349:Che Guevara
3107:Vilma EspĂn
3083:RaĂșl Castro
3016:Land reform
3011:Premiership
2824:Che'r Cycle
2807:Chevolution
2721:Mario TerĂĄn
2671:RaĂșl Castro
2656:Hilda Gadea
2569:Che Guevara
2522:Escopeteros
2472:Cuban exile
2447:Rafael Cruz
2375:Estuciantil
2313:Huber Matos
2278:Che Guevara
2268:Vilma EspĂn
2243:RaĂșl Castro
2223:Bob Baldock
2054: /
1977:Cuba portal
1906:Works cited
1523:December 2,
1284:December 3,
1252:January 14,
1067: [
1029:JesĂșs GĂłmez
980: [
977:Jaime Costa
932:Pedro Sotto
912:Gabriel Gil
907:RaĂșl SuĂĄrez
878: [
835:Rafael Chao
830:Luis Crespo
781: [
738:CĂ©sar GĂłmez
724: [
711:Onelio Pino
691:Che Guevara
671:RaĂșl Castro
652: [
640: [
597: [
590:Rafael Chao
538: [
511: [
380:Che Guevara
376:RaĂșl Castro
279:Che Guevara
275:RaĂșl Castro
3328:Categories
3172:Comandante
3115:(daughter)
3043:Presidency
2977:Early life
2858:In fashion
2333:Frank PaĂs
2182:and people
2042:82°21âČ25âłW
1579:0306808277
1553:August 12,
1183:References
1113:Havana Bay
1086:José Morån
1054:TomĂĄs Royo
972:René Reiné
917:Luis Arcos
795:René Bedia
790:Julio DĂaz
676:Pablo DĂaz
605:José Morån
582:Julio DĂaz
468:Manzanillo
460:Frank PaĂs
421:JosĂ© MartĂ
352:by former
288:New Jersey
261:Conception
205:Background
3085:(brother)
3079:(brother)
2873:Mausoleum
2863:Guevarism
2499:Guevarism
2039:23°8âČ27âłN
1344:14 August
999:RaĂșl DĂaz
431:Operation
3288:Politics
3133:(nephew)
3091:(sister)
3073:(father)
2970:Timeline
2920:Category
2104:Timeline
2003:crossing
1992:Granma's
1915:(2007).
1770:, 26:00.
1758:, 25:00.
1731:, 24:00.
1662:April 3,
1338:Archived
1304:Archived
1117:helmsman
322:'s boat
310:50,000 (
269:veteran
227:Santiago
147:Strength
67:Location
3313:(yacht)
3304:My Life
3127:(niece)
3103:(lover)
3006:Primacy
2817:Theatre
2515:Related
1919:(ed.).
1453:10 July
1310:10 July
1227:Reuters
1165:of the
521:in the
401:Niquero
350:Florida
3311:Granma
3242:(2008)
3234:(2006)
3226:(2006)
3218:(2003)
3210:(1987)
3191:(2006)
3183:(2004)
3175:(2003)
3167:(2002)
3159:(2001)
3097:(wife)
3064:Family
2892:Comics
2848:Legacy
2644:People
2596:Voyage
2594:Granma
2576:Events
2460:Impact
2122:Granma
2027:Granma
2019:Granma
2010:Granma
2001:Granma
1994:voyage
1927:
1892:
1790:
1712:
1687:
1576:
1490:
1367:
1204:
1172:Granma
1144:UNESCO
1132:Havana
1124:Granma
1106:Havana
1102:Granma
1093:Legacy
620:Granma
611:, and
458:, and
413:Granma
392:Granma
382:, and
372:Granma
346:Granma
255:Jesuit
231:Bayamo
182:Granma
174:Granma
121:
79:Result
48:Granma
26:Granma
3278:BirĂĄn
3254:Other
3199:Other
3164:Fidel
3148:Films
3121:(son)
2843:photo
2764:Films
2731:Books
2430:Other
1071:]
984:]
882:]
785:]
728:]
656:]
644:]
601:]
542:]
515:]
390:(the
325:Pilar
292:Miami
187:yacht
185:is a
2868:Foco
2833:Icon
2786:Che!
2504:Foco
1925:ISBN
1890:ISBN
1869:2006
1845:2017
1820:2018
1788:ISBN
1710:ISBN
1685:ISBN
1664:2008
1610:2016
1574:ISBN
1555:2019
1525:2007
1488:ISBN
1455:2013
1365:ISBN
1346:2015
1312:2013
1286:2006
1273:Time
1254:2007
1202:ISBN
425:wars
359:and
312:US$
308:MX$
290:and
195:Cuba
124:Cuba
59:Date
1130:in
225:in
3330::
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1836:.
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1650:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
