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258:. The discovery included a large room measuring 600 feet (180 m) long, up to 150 feet (46 m) wide, and up to 150 feet (46 m) high. It was named "Munchkinland". A pit, named "Kansas Twister", at over 510 feet (160 m) from floor to ceiling, is the deepest pit discovered in the park. The team spent eight days mapping Oz, adding the largest distance to the survey since 1989, and bringing the total length to 134.6 miles (216.6 km).
80:
55:
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gained permission from the
National Park Service and began digging in 1984. Since the breakthrough into large walking passages occurred on May 25, 1986, explorers have mapped over 150 miles (240 km) of passages, making Lechuguilla the eighth-longest cave in the world and fourth-longest in the
238:
The cave was visited infrequently after mining activities ceased. However, in the 1950s, cavers heard wind roaring up from the rubble-choked cave floor. Although no route was obvious, people concluded that cave passages lay below the rubble. Led by Dave
Allured, a group of cavers from the Colorado
251:
In May 2012, a team led by Derek
Bristol of Colorado climbed over 410 feet (120 m) into a dome and discovered several new, unexplored passages, pits, and large rooms. This new section was named "Oz", and many of its features were named after items from
390:
Other studies indicate that some microbes may have medicinal qualities that are beneficial to humans. Some of the bacterial strains isolated from the cave have been found to harbor novel pathways for antibiotic resistance. A 4 million year-old strain of
439:. The fourth episode, titled "Caves", airing on April 22, 2007, documented scientists and filmmakers exploring Lechuguilla Cave, including the Chandelier Ballroom, which has high-quality crystals. The team took two years to get permission to film.
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were mined from the entrance passages for a year under a mining claim filed in 1914. The historic cave contained a 90-foot (27 m) entrance pit known as Misery Hole, which led to 400 feet (122 m) of dry, dead-end passages.
751:
Bacteria, fungi and biokarst in
Lechuguilla Cave, Carlsbad Caverns National Park, New Mexico K. I. Cunningham, D. E. Northup, R. M. Pollastro, W. G. Wright and E. J. LaRock, Environmental Geology Volume 25, Number 1, 2–8,
709:
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found in the cave use atmospheric oxygen (derived from sunlight-driven photosynthesis) as an electron acceptor, with the electron donor (source of energy) derived from dissolved groundwater hydrogen sulfide gas.
442:
In
October 2016, crew members from London-based production company Nutopia descended into Lechuguilla Cave with microbiologist Hazel Barton to film a sequence for season 1, episode 4 (titled "Genesis") of the
348:(BLM) land. A major threat to the cave is proposed gas and oil drilling on BLM land. Any leakage of gas or fluids into the cave's passages could kill cave life or cause explosions.
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cave extends deep enough that scientists may study five separate geologic formations from the inside. The profusion of gypsum and sulfur lends support to
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417:, in 1987, featuring many of the cavers responsible for the breakthrough and initial survey work. The video was broadcast on the Denver PBS station
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in size, depth, and variety of speleothems, though no room has been discovered yet in
Lechuguilla Cave that is larger than Carlsbad's Big Room.
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in 2014. Drawn by the cave's pristine condition and rare beauty, cavers come from around the world to explore and map its passages and geology.
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United States. Lechuguilla was also the deepest known cave in the continental United States at 1,604 feet (489 m) until the exploration of
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Lechuguilla Cave was known until 1986 as a small, insignificant historic site in the park's back country. Small amounts of bat
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that migrated from nearby oil deposits. Therefore, this cavern formed from the bottom up, in contrast to the normal top-down
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isolated from soil samples in
Lechuguilla Cave was found to be naturally resistant to many modern antibiotics, including
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Lechuguilla Cave lies beneath a park wilderness area. The cave's passages may extend out of the park into adjacent
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minerals and may assist in enlarging the cave and determining the shapes of unusual speleothems. The claim in the
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710:"Oil drilling on sensitive New Mexico public lands puts drinking water, rare caves at risk"
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Largest known gypsum stalactites, Chandelier
Ballroom (human at bottom gives scale)
742:(2001): Geomicrobiology of Caves: A Review, Geomicrobiology Journal, 18:3, 199–222
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in the world and the second deepest (1,604 feet or 489 meters) in the continental
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The cave is named for the canyon through which it is entered, which is named for
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that these bacteria do not derive any energy from the sun is incorrect, in that
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chandeliers, 20-foot (6.1 m) gypsum hairs and beards, 15-foot (4.6 m)
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944:"'One Strange Rock': UA biologist featured in National Geographic documentary"
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Lechuguilla Cave offers more than extreme size. It holds a variety of rare
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bacteria are believed to occur in the cave. These bacteria feed on the
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771:"Antibiotic Resistance Is Prevalent in an Isolated Cave Microbiome"
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835:"A diverse intrinsic antibiotic resistome from a cave bacterium"
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The
University of Akron University Communications and Marketing
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Lechuguilla Cave was also shown in the BBC documentary series
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dissolution. The sulfuric acid is believed to be derived from
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1007:
Nova: The
Mysterious Life of Caves, Journey into Lechuguilla
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filmed one of the first documentaries in the cave, titled
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1017:
BBC Press release: Planet Earth Caves and Lechuguilla
210:, a species of plant found there. Lechuguilla is in
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Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
623:"Carlsbad Caverns National Park: Lechuguilla Cave"
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826:
554:. NSS. Archived from the original on May 15, 2006
507:(NSS). Archived from the original on May 15, 2006
432:was also filmed extensively in Lechuguilla Cave.
270:Stalagmites, stalactites, and draperies by a pool
2008:
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658:. Archived from the original on May 15, 2006.
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1851:Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining
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1824:History of hard rock miners' organizations
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950:. The University of Akron. April 16, 2018.
833:Pawlowski, Andrew C.; et al. (2016).
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463:List of longest caves in the United States
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341:dissolution mechanism of cave formation.
1809:American Society of Reclamation Sciences
1656:North American Aerospace Defense Command
769:Bhullar, Kirandeep; et al. (2012).
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684:"Deepest pit found in Lechuguilla Cave"
602:
2009:
914:. Season 1. Episode 4. April 22, 2007.
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968:. National Geographic. Archived from
552:Geo2 Committee on Long and Deep Caves
501:Geo2 Committee on Long and Deep Caves
480:
16:Cave in Eddy County, New Mexico, U.S.
2032:Landforms of Eddy County, New Mexico
314:. Lechuguilla Cave surpasses nearby
193:. It is most famous for its unusual
533:
411:Denver Museum of Nature and Science
13:
1749:Journey to the Center of the Earth
1651:Naples underground geothermal zone
716:. February 3, 2021. Archived from
415:Lechuguilla Cave: The Hidden Giant
14:
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1866:Research Centre for Deep Drilling
1861:International Union of Speleology
1000:
177:At 150.4 miles (242.0 km),
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53:
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1856:Institution of Mining Engineers
1621:Underground Great Wall of China
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686:. Current-Argus. Archived from
351:
282:deposits, 20-foot (6.1 m)
2037:Carlsbad Caverns National Park
1871:Society of Economic Geologists
1839:National Speleological Society
1789:Wonderland (fictional country)
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732:
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505:National Speleological Society
212:Carlsbad Caverns National Park
1:
1296:Subterranean rivers of London
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161:138.3 mi (222.6 km)
87:Show map of the United States
1829:National Mine Map Repository
1271:Jewel Cave National Monument
798:10.1371/journal.pone.0034953
7:
1834:National Mining Association
1661:Raven Rock Mountain Complex
456:
426:National Geographic Society
10:
2053:
1774:Tunnels in popular culture
1616:Underground City, Montreal
1611:Underground City (Beijing)
1556:816 Nuclear Military Plant
1286:Mammoth Cave National Park
404:
261:
222:management-related trips.
201:, and pristine condition.
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1581:Cheyenne Mountain Complex
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1012:The Giant Crystal Project
668:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
572:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
525:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
384:sulfur-oxidizing bacteria
346:Bureau of Land Management
278:, including lemon-yellow
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1947:Underground construction
1819:Cave Research Foundation
592:Pecked to Death by Ducks
246:Tears of the Turtle Cave
1433:Missile launch facility
1306:Wind Cave National Park
590:(1994). "Lechuguilla".
101:Eddy County, New Mexico
1586:Chicago Tunnel Company
1225:Subterranean waterfall
497:"Worlds longest caves"
321:For the first time, a
271:
142:32.19056°N 104.50306°W
62:Show map of New Mexico
1601:Kőbánya cellar system
1591:Houston tunnel system
1571:Almadén Mercury Mines
1566:The Caves of Ægissíða
990:Mysteries Underground
892:Mysteries Underground
840:Nature Communications
468:List of longest caves
430:Mysteries Underground
358:chemolithoautotrophic
269:
220:National Park Service
170:National Park Service
1996:Subterranean warfare
1769:Subterranea (comics)
1754:Moria (Middle-earth)
1734:Allegory of the cave
1718:Subterranean fiction
690:on November 24, 2012
650:(December 4, 2020).
147:32.19056; -104.50306
2017:Caves of New Mexico
1952:Tunnel construction
1676:Subterranean Toledo
1671:Subterranean London
1561:Caves of Maastricht
966:National Geographic
861:10.1038/ncomms13803
853:2016NatCo...713803P
789:2012PLoSO...734953B
720:on February 3, 2021
652:"USA deepest caves"
548:"USA deepest caves"
445:National Geographic
376:documentary series
323:Guadalupe Mountains
226:Exploration history
166:Governing body
138: /
1974:Mining engineering
1959:Underground living
1784:Underland (Narnia)
1699:Fictional features
1478:Underground hangar
1220:Subterranean river
1215:Subterranean fauna
962:"One Strange Rock"
926:"One Strange Rock"
758:10.1007/BF01061824
738:Diana E. Northup,
272:
2004:
2003:
1892:Cave conservation
1797:
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1540:Ventilation shaft
1319:Man-made features
1314:
1313:
546:(June 20, 2013).
495:(June 20, 2013).
207:Agave lechuguilla
175:
174:
111:Nearest city
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1969:Mine exploration
1744:Greek Underworld
1703:
1702:
1681:Turda Salt Mines
1666:Shanghai tunnels
1530:Smuggling tunnel
1473:Underground base
1468:Underground city
1383:Dugout (shelter)
1333:Air raid shelter
1323:
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1281:Lechuguilla Cave
1261:Castellana Caves
1230:Underground lake
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1060:Natural features
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450:One Strange Rock
335:hydrogen sulfide
316:Carlsbad Caverns
255:The Wizard of Oz
179:Lechuguilla Cave
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2022:Limestone caves
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1596:Kosvinsky Kamen
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1403:Fallout shelter
1373:Crypt Mausoleum
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1301:Veryovkina Cave
1291:Reed Flute Cave
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1151:Solutional cave
1099:Communal burrow
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1897:Cave dweller
1759:Nome Kingdom
1713:Hollow Earth
1626:Maginot Line
1525:Storm cellar
1343:Burial vault
1280:
1205:Rock shelter
1116:Glacier cave
974:. Retrieved
970:the original
965:
956:
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929:
920:
911:Planet Earth
910:
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747:
734:
722:. Retrieved
718:the original
713:
704:
692:. Retrieved
688:the original
678:
656:caverbob.com
655:
642:
630:. Retrieved
596:Random House
594:. New York:
591:
582:
556:. Retrieved
551:
509:. Retrieved
500:
448:
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437:Planet Earth
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379:Planet Earth
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355:
352:Microbiology
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205:
203:
178:
176:
18:
1979:Mole people
1964:Mine rescue
1912:Cave rescue
1902:Cave diving
1646:Mogao Caves
1576:Coober Pedy
1535:Spider hole
1513:Septic tank
1453:Root cellar
1104:Paleoburrow
1053:Subterranea
724:February 5,
714:Environment
648:Gulden, Bob
632:January 22,
588:Cahill, Tim
296:cave pearls
288:soda straws
276:speleothems
145: /
133:104°30′11″W
121:Coordinates
2027:Wild caves
2011:Categories
1991:Speleology
1984:in fiction
1764:Pellucidar
1606:Kome Caves
1256:Balve Cave
1200:Pit crater
1156:Talus cave
1079:Ant colony
544:Bob Gulden
493:Bob Gulden
474:References
399:daptomycin
300:helictites
294:balloons,
216:New Mexico
199:formations
130:32°11′26″N
1907:Cave gate
1779:Underdark
1727:Exemplars
1549:Exemplars
1488:Wine cave
1363:Catacombs
1249:Exemplars
1146:Show cave
1136:Lava tube
1131:Lava cave
976:April 18,
847:: 13803.
424:The 1992
421:in 1989.
370:manganese
304:rusticles
185:explored
1520:Stepwell
1508:Sewerage
1418:Hypogeum
1398:Erdstall
1388:Dry well
1368:Casemate
1348:Borehole
1338:Basement
1210:Sinkhole
1141:Pit Cave
1126:Ice cave
996:catalog)
994:WorldCat
879:27929110
817:22509370
776:PLOS One
694:June 18,
664:cite web
568:cite web
558:June 23,
521:cite web
511:June 23,
457:See also
115:Carlsbad
97:Location
1814:Bergamt
1739:Batcave
1686:Yaodong
1423:Manhole
1413:Foxhole
1378:Dungeon
1084:Aquifer
930:Nutopia
894:(1992)
870:5155152
849:Bibcode
808:3324550
785:Bibcode
447:series
419:KRMA-TV
405:Filming
312:J-loops
308:U-loops
262:Geology
197:, rare
195:geology
181:is the
1922:Caving
1844:Grotto
1458:Tunnel
1443:Quarry
1353:Bunker
1240:Warren
1163:Cenote
1121:Grotto
1089:Burrow
1074:Alcove
877:
867:
815:
805:
368:, and
362:sulfur
310:, and
284:gypsum
280:sulfur
241:Grotto
158:Length
1706:Types
1408:Fogou
1326:Types
1168:Karst
1067:Types
906:Caves
356:Rare
232:guano
1483:Well
1428:Mine
1188:Nest
1111:Cave
978:2018
875:PMID
813:PMID
726:2021
696:2012
670:link
634:2009
574:link
560:2013
527:link
513:2013
409:The
366:iron
187:cave
105:U.S.
1193:Bee
908:".
865:PMC
857:doi
803:PMC
793:doi
754:doi
627:NPS
374:BBC
329:by
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