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350:
256:. In the event, however, the Pechenegs did not help the Byzantines, partly because Lekapenos quarrelled with their leader (or, as Runciman suggests, might have even been bribed by the Bulgarians) and partly because they had already begun plundering on their own, disregarding the Byzantine plan. Left unsupported by both the Pechenegs and the fleet, Phokas suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of Tsar
283:(r. 913–959). According to Runciman, Zoe herself possibly planned to solidify her own position by marrying the general. The Emperor's tutor, however, a certain Theodore, turned to Romanos Lekapenos; although the admiral carried a great share of the blame for the failure of the Bulgarian campaign, Romanos remained a powerful factor as his fleet was intact and ready at hand. The
300:
287:
Constantine tried to neutralize this threat by disbanding the fleet, but he was arrested by
Lekapenos when he arrived to supervise the payment and discharge of the crews. With this stroke, Zoe lost all control of the situation, and at Theodore's urging, the young Emperor appointed the Patriarch
357:
Leo Phokas was then sent a letter, in the
Emperor's name, in which he was bidden not to react to these events. Inevitably, the outmaneuvered Leo rose in revolt, but failed to secure the loyalty of his troops: they began to desert to the imperial camp, especially after a letter from the young
323:
Leo apparently believed that
Lekapenos, in view of his lowly origins, could never possibly put forward a credible claim for the imperial throne. Events proved that he had severely miscalculated: on March 25, 919, Lekapenos managed to gain entrance to the
358:
Constantine VII, which acclaimed
Lekapenos as his protector and denounced Leo's rebellion, reached the rebel camp and was read aloud to them. Eventually, Leo was forced to flee, but was captured and
151:, who managed to become guardian and later father-in-law of the Emperor. After Lekapenos seized control of the Byzantine Empire, Leo led an unsuccessful revolt, and was captured and blinded.
739:
366:. Following the discovery of a plot by some of his friends a few months later, Phokas suffered a final humiliation, being paraded through the streets of Constantinople on a
309:
of
Emperor Constantine VII (r. 913–959) with Romanos Lekapenos. After overcoming the rebellion of Leo Phokas, Lekapenos promoted himself to
106:
240:. The plan involved a two-pronged assault, one from the south by the main Byzantine army under Leo Phokas, and one from the north by the
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359:
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These military disasters weakened the regency of Zoe, and rumours began to circulate that Phokas, whose army lay encamped across the
264:. The imperial army was almost annihilated, and Phokas himself barely escaped. As Symeon marched south towards the imperial capital,
644:
268:, Phokas gathered a motley force and attempted to halt his advance, but was again defeated by Symeon in a surprise night attack at
709:
179:. Nikephoros eventually became Emperor in 963–969. Little is known about Leo's early life. During the late reign of Emperor
279:
from
Constantinople, and his brother-in-law Constantine Barbaros were planning to seize the throne from the young emperor
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544:]. Berliner byzantinische Arbeiten 35 (in French). Berlin and Amsterdam: Akademie-Verlag & Adolf M. Hakkert.
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as regent. The
Patriarch's first act was to dismiss Leo Phokas from his post as Domestic and replace him with
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in 913–919, Leo is recorded as being again
Domestic of the Schools and holding the dignity of
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attributed his rise more to his aristocratic origin and his familial connection with the
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197:. Although personally brave and not without some measure of success against the
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The
Emperor Romanus Lecapenus and His Reign: A Study of Tenth-Century Byzantium
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128:'s commander-in-chief, he led a large-scale campaign against the
319:) in December 920, ruling until his abdication in December 944.
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in the East, his ability as a general was rather limited.
639:
346:, becoming the virtual ruler of the Byzantine Empire.
645:"Symeon of Bulgaria wins the Battle of Acheloos, 917"
140:. He then plotted to seize the throne from the young
538:
Recherches sur les institutions byzantines (2 vols.)
236:. In 917, he was placed in charge of a large-scale
171:, was also a senior general, as were Bardas's sons
147:(r. 913–959), but was outmaneuvered by the admiral
132:in 917, but was heavily defeated at the battles of
740:Byzantine people of the Byzantine–Bulgarian Wars
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566:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
647:. Translated by Paul Stephenson. Archived from
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340:to the young Emperor and assumed the title of
315:and was eventually crowned as senior emperor (
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336:. A few weeks later, he married his daughter
328:, occupied it and secured his appointment as
611:A History of the Byzantine State and Society
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590:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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216:The Byzantine rout at Acheloos, from the
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353:The capture and blinding of Leo Phokas.
183:(r. 886–912), he married the sister of
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542:Studies on the Byzantine Institutions
244:, who were to be ferried across the
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563:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
370:. His fate thereafter is unknown.
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756:
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238:expedition against the Bulgarians
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419:
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226:During the regency of Empress
1:
710:10th-century Byzantine people
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39:
404:, Tome I, pp. 181, 205, 440.
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112:) was an early 10th-century
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362:by the Emperor's agents in
161:Nikephoros Phokas the Elder
78:Nikephoros Phokas the Elder
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193:, and rose to the post of
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616:Stanford University Press
187:, the Emperor's powerful
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614:. Stanford, California:
68:Byzantine–Bulgarian wars
677:Domestic of the Schools
195:Domestic of the Schools
122:Domestic of the Schools
82:Bardas Phokas the Elder
54:Domestic of the Schools
641:Theophanes Continuatus
428:, pp. 54–56, 85;
392:, Tome I, pp. 439–440.
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320:
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332:and commander of the
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116:general of the noble
36:Years of service
432:, pp. 474–475;
185:Constantine Barbaros
730:10th-century deaths
715:10th-century rebels
643:(28 October 1998).
317:basileus autokrator
159:Leo was the son of
64:Arab–Byzantine wars
725:9th-century births
705:Byzantine generals
670:Constantine Doukas
558:Kazhdan, Alexander
534:Guilland, Rodolphe
516:, pp. 60–61;
355:
321:
262:Battle of Acheloos
224:
693:
692:
684:Succeeded by
606:Treadgold, Warren
504:, pp. 59–60.
492:, Tome I, p. 441.
477:, pp. 58–59.
448:, pp. 57–58.
436:, Tome I, p. 440.
290:Nicholas Mystikos
254:Romanos Lekapenos
149:Romanos Lekapenos
142:Byzantine emperor
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735:Byzantine rebels
667:Preceded by
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203:Steven Runciman
181:Leo VI the Wise
167:. His brother,
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145:Constantine VII
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285:parakoimomenos
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110: 910s
699:Categories
655:26 January
374:References
270:Katasyrtai
173:Nikephoros
138:Katasyrtai
130:Bulgarians
101:ΛÎων Φωκᾶς
91:Leo Phokas
80:(father),
43: 900
26:Allegiance
20:Leo Phokas
745:Magistroi
584:(1988) .
550:878894516
334:Hetaireia
330:magistros
242:Pechenegs
233:magistros
155:Biography
114:Byzantine
84:(brother)
74:Relations
681:913–919
608:(1997).
536:(1967).
364:Bithynia
277:Bosporus
134:Acheloos
527:Sources
360:blinded
306:solidus
260:at the
248:by the
622:
594:
570:
548:
338:Helena
312:Caesar
258:Symeon
252:under
246:Danube
169:Bardas
124:, the
540:[
303:Gold
199:Arabs
165:Italy
120:. As
95:Greek
657:2012
620:ISBN
592:ISBN
568:ISBN
546:OCLC
368:mule
175:and
136:and
60:Wars
50:Rank
45:–919
296:.
228:Zoe
177:Leo
107:fl.
701::
618:.
482:^
453:^
272:.
105:,
97::
40:c.
659:.
628:.
600:.
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552:.
222:.
93:(
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